Unidirectional microwave limiter and communication system

Abstract

The application is suitable for the field of radio frequency communication technology, and provides a one-way microwave limiter and a communication system.The limiter comprises a bidirectional coupler, a forward detection module, a reverse detection module, an integration module, a choke inductor and a PIN diode.The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected with an antenna end, the second main branch end is connected with the first end of the choke inductor, the anode of the PIN diode and a power transmitting end respectively, the first coupling end is connected with the input end of the forward detection module, and the second coupling end is connected with the input end of the reverse detection module.The output end of the forward detection module is connected with the output end of the reverse detection module and the first end of the integration module and the second end of the choke inductor respectively.According to the characteristics of the bidirectional coupler, when a high-power signal is injected into the antenna end, the output of the forward detection module and the output of the reverse detection module are jointly connected to the anode of the PIN diode through the integration module to make the PIN diode conductive, thereby realizing one-way protection of the high-power signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of radio frequency communications, and in particular relates to a unidirectional microwave limiter and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] A microwave limiter is a power modulation device. When the power is low, the signal passes through with almost no attenuation. However, when the input power increases to a certain value, the signal will be greatly attenuated. It is often used to protect receivers and low-noise amplifiers.

[0003] In the prior art, microwave limiters are usually bidirectional and cannot be used for unidirectional protection of transmitters. The lack of a unidirectional limiter cannot meet actual application requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a unidirectional microwave limiter and a communication system to solve the problem that microwave limiters in the prior art are usually bidirectional and cannot meet actual application requirements.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a unidirectional microwave limiter, comprising: a bidirectional coupler, a forward detection module, a reverse detection module, an integration module, a choke inductor, a PIN diode, an antenna end, and a power transmitting end;

[0006] The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the antenna end, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is respectively connected to the first end of the choke inductor, the positive electrode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the forward detection module, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module;

[0007] The output end of the forward detection module is respectively connected to the output end of the reverse detection module, the first end of the integration module and the second end of the choke inductor; the cathode of the PIN diode is grounded;

[0008] The antenna end is used to connect to the antenna, and the power transmitter end is used to connect to the transmitter.

[0009] Optionally, the unidirectional microwave limiter further includes: a first isolator;

[0010] The input end of the first isolator is connected to the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the first isolator is connected to the input end of the forward detection module.

[0011] Optionally, the unidirectional microwave limiter further includes: a second isolator;

[0012] The input end of the second isolator is connected to the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module.

[0013] Optionally, the forward detection module includes: a first detection diode;

[0014] The anode of the first detection diode is connected to the input end of the forward detection module, and the cathode of the first detection diode is connected to the output end of the forward detection module.

[0015] Optionally, the reverse detection module includes: a second detection diode;

[0016] The anode of the second detection diode is connected to the output end of the reverse detection module, and the cathode of the second detection diode is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module.

[0017] Optionally, the integration module may include: a first resistor and a first capacitor;

[0018] The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the integration module respectively;

[0019] The second end of the first resistor and the second end of the first capacitor are both grounded.

[0020] Optionally, the unidirectional microwave limiter further includes: a second capacitor;

[0021] A first end of the second capacitor is connected to the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected to the antenna end.

[0022] Optionally, the unidirectional microwave limiter further includes: a third capacitor;

[0023] The first end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, the first end of the choke inductor and the positive electrode of the PIN diode, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the power transmitting end.

[0024] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a microwave transmitting device, comprising: a transmitter, an antenna, and the unidirectional microwave limiter provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] The antenna end of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the antenna, and the power transmitting end of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the transmitter.

[0026] A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a communication system, including the microwave transmitting device provided by the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application provides a one-way microwave limiter and a communication system, and the limiter comprises a bidirectional coupler, a forward detection module, a reverse detection module, an integration module, a choke inductor, a PIN diode, an antenna end and a power transmitting end; the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected with the antenna end, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected with the first end of the choke inductor, the anode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end respectively, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected with the input end of the forward detection module, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected with the input end of the reverse detection module; the output end of the forward detection module is connected with the output end of the reverse detection module, the first end of the integration module and the second end of the choke inductor respectively; the cathode of the PIN diode is grounded; the antenna end is used for being connected with an antenna, and the power transmitting end is used for being connected with a transmitter. According to the characteristics of the bidirectional coupler, when a high-power signal is injected into the antenna end, the output of the forward detection module and the output of the reverse detection module are jointly acted on the anode of the PIN diode through the integration module to make the PIN diode conductive; on the contrary, when a signal is injected into the power transmitting end, there is no influence. The embodiment of the present application provides a one-way microwave limiter, which can be used for one-way protection of a high-power signal of a transmitter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a one-way microwave limiter structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a one-way microwave limiter circuit principle provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, techniques, etc. are presented in order to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details that hinder the description of the present application.

[0032] In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following will be illustrated by specific embodiments.

[0033] REFERENCE Figure 1A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a unidirectional microwave limiter, comprising: a bidirectional coupler 11, a forward detection module 12, a reverse detection module 13, an integration module 14, a choke inductor L1, a PIN diode D1, an antenna terminal A, and a power transmitting terminal B;

[0034] The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is connected to the antenna end A, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is respectively connected to the first end of the choke inductor L1, the positive electrode of the PIN diode D1, and the power transmitting end B, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is connected to the input end of the forward detection module 12, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module 13;

[0035] The output end of the forward detection module 12 is respectively connected to the output end of the reverse detection module 13, the first end of the integration module 14 and the second end of the choke inductor L1; the cathode of the PIN diode D1 is grounded;

[0036] The antenna terminal A is used to connect to the antenna, and the power transmitting terminal B is used to connect to the transmitter.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, when a signal is injected from antenna terminal A, the first coupling terminal of the bidirectional coupler 11 is the actual coupling terminal, coupling a portion of the energy and achieving a higher forward voltage and forward current rectification through the forward detection module 12 and the integration module 14. The second coupling terminal of the bidirectional coupler 11 is the actual isolation terminal, coupling a small amount of energy and achieving a smaller reverse voltage and reverse current rectification through the reverse detection module 13 and the integration module 14. The two share the integration module 14. Since the first coupling terminal couples more energy, the overall detection voltage and detection current are positive. Based on the characteristics of the PIN diode D1 in the microwave frequency band, it exhibits linear impedance when a forward voltage is applied. When the signal is a high-power interference signal, the detection voltage is applied to the positive electrode of the PIN diode D1 through the choke inductor L1. The diode is turned on, and the high-power interference signal is discharged, thereby achieving protection against high-power signals.

[0038] On the contrary, when a high-power signal is injected from the power transmitting end B, the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 becomes the coupling end, coupling most of the energy, and the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 becomes the isolation end, coupling a small part of the energy. The overall detection voltage and detection current are negative, the PIN diode D1 is reverse biased and cannot be turned on, and the high-power signal is transmitted from the antenna end A through the main branch of the bidirectional coupler 11.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of the present invention provide a unidirectional limiter that does not limit signals in the transmitting direction, thus preventing normal signal transmission. In the reverse receiving direction, it protects against interference and attacks from high-power signals. Applied to a transmitter, it effectively prevents external signal interference and attacks, tolerates high power, and improves the transmitter's microwave protection capabilities, effectively enhancing the security and reliability of communication systems and filling a gap in microwave protection. Furthermore, the unidirectional limiter provided by the embodiments of the present invention has a simple circuit structure and low cost, making it highly suitable for practical applications.

[0040] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the above-mentioned unidirectional microwave limiter may further include: a first isolator 15;

[0041] An input end of the first isolator 15 is connected to a first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 , and an output end of the first isolator 15 is connected to an input end of the forward detection module 12 .

[0042] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the above-mentioned unidirectional microwave limiter may further include: a second isolator 16;

[0043] An input end of the second isolator 16 is connected to the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 , and an output end of the second isolator 16 is connected to an input end of the reverse detection module 13 .

[0044] This embodiment of the present invention also includes a first isolator 15 for improving port isolation and enabling forward, one-way detection. Similarly, a second isolator 16 also improves port isolation and enables reverse, one-way detection. The first and second isolators 15, 16 work together to increase the isolation between the coupled and isolated ends of the bidirectional coupler 11, further enhancing the reliability of the limiter.

[0045] The first isolator 15 and the second isolator 16 may also be circulators.

[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the forward detection module 12 may include: a first detection diode D2;

[0047] An anode of the first detection diode D2 is connected to the input end of the forward detection module 12 , and a cathode of the first detection diode D2 is connected to the output end of the forward detection module 12 .

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the reverse detection module 13 may include: a second detection diode D3;

[0049] The anode of the second detection diode D3 is connected to the output end of the reverse detection module 13 , and the cathode of the second detection diode D3 is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module 13 .

[0050] The rectifier diode is used in the embodiment of the application to realize forward rectification or reverse rectification in cooperation with the integration module 14, and the rectification effect is good and the circuit structure is simple.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first rectifier diode D2 and the second rectifier diode D3 can both be Schottky diodes.

[0052] In some embodiments, the reference Figure 2 The integration module can include a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1.

[0053] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the first end of the integration module 14.

[0054] The second end of the first resistor R1 and the second end of the first capacitor C1 are both grounded.

[0055] In some embodiments, the reference Figure 2 The unidirectional microwave limiter can further include a second capacitor C2.

[0056] The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the antenna end A.

[0057] In some embodiments, the reference Figure 2 The unidirectional microwave limiter can further include a third capacitor C3.

[0058] The first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11, the first end of the choke inductor L1 and the positive electrode of the PIN diode D1, respectively, and the second end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the power transmission end B.

[0059] In the embodiment of the application, the antenna end A and the power transmission end B are further provided with capacitors for isolation filtering and filtering out low-frequency signals.

[0060] Corresponding to the above-mentioned embodiments, the embodiment of the application further provides a microwave transmitting device, which includes a transmitter, an antenna and a unidirectional microwave limiter as provided in the embodiment of the application.

[0061] The antenna end A of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the antenna, and the power transmission end B of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the transmitter.

[0062] Further, the embodiment of the application further provides a microwave transceiving device, which includes a T / R component, an antenna and a unidirectional microwave limiter as provided in the embodiment of the application.

[0063] The antenna end A of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the antenna, and the power transmission end B of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the T / R component.

[0064] Corresponding to any of the above-mentioned microwave transmitting devices, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication system, which includes any of the above-mentioned microwave transmitting devices and has the advantages of the above-mentioned microwave transmitting devices, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A unidirectional microwave limiter, characterized in that: include: Bidirectional coupler, forward detection module, reverse detection module, integration module, choke inductor, PIN diode, antenna end and power transmitter end; The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the antenna end, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is respectively connected to the first end of the choke inductor, the positive electrode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the forward detection module, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module; The output end of the forward detection module is respectively connected to the output end of the reverse detection module, the first end of the integration module and the second end of the choke inductor; the cathode of the PIN diode is grounded; The antenna end is used to connect to an antenna, and the power transmitting end is used to connect to a transmitter.

2. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: first isolator; The input end of the first isolator is connected to the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the first isolator is connected to the input end of the forward detection module.

3. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: a second isolator; The input end of the second isolator is connected to the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module.

4. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to claim 1, wherein: The forward detection module includes: a first detection diode; The anode of the first detection diode is connected to the input end of the forward detection module, and the cathode of the first detection diode is connected to the output end of the forward detection module.

5. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reverse detection module includes: a second detection diode; The anode of the second detection diode is connected to the output end of the reverse detection module, and the cathode of the second detection diode is connected to the input end of the reverse detection module.

6. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The integration module includes: a first resistor and a first capacitor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the integration module respectively; The second end of the first resistor and the second end of the first capacitor are both grounded.

7. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also included: a second capacitor; A first end of the second capacitor is connected to the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected to the antenna end.

8. The unidirectional microwave limiter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also included: a third capacitor; The first end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, the first end of the choke inductor and the positive electrode of the PIN diode, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the power transmitting end.

9. A microwave emitting device, characterized in that: include: A transmitter, an antenna, and a unidirectional microwave limiter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; The antenna end of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the antenna, and the power transmitting end of the unidirectional microwave limiter is connected to the transmitter.

10. A communication system, characterized in that: Comprising the microwave emitting device as claimed in claim 9.

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