Reference signal transition for radio link monitoring and beam failure detection

Abstract

This application relates to equipment and components, including apparatus, systems, and methods for radio link monitoring and / or beam fault detection operations in wireless communication systems.

Description

Background Technology

[0001] Radio link monitoring techniques are described in existing 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) networks. These techniques can be used to resolve radio link failures that may occur when handover procedures are unsuccessful or when a handover is required but not performed. Beam fault recovery techniques are also described in existing 3GPP networks. These techniques include detecting beam faults, discovering and selecting new beams, and restoring connections. Attached Figure Description

[0002] Figure 1 A network environment according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0003] Figure 2 A network environment according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0004] Figure 3 An example of transitioning from one DRX mode to another is shown.

[0005] Figure 4 The operational flow / algorithm structure according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0006] Figure 5 An example of a transition from one radio link monitoring reference signal to another is shown.

[0007] Figure 6 An example of the transition from one beam fault detection reference signal to another is shown.

[0008] Figure 7 The operational flow / algorithm structure according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0009] Figure 8 An example of a transition from one radio link monitoring reference signal configuration to another is shown.

[0010] Figure 9 An example of a transition from one beam fault detection reference signal configuration to another is shown.

[0011] Figure 10 An example of the transition from one beam fault detection reference signal to another is shown.

[0012] Figure 11 The operational flow / algorithm structure according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0013] Figure 12An example of a transition from one radio link monitoring reference signal to another is shown.

[0014] Figure 13 An example of the transition from one beam fault detection reference signal to another is shown.

[0015] Figure 14A An example of a transition from one radio link monitoring reference signal to another is shown.

[0016] Figure 14B An example of a transition from one radio link monitoring reference signal to another is shown.

[0017] Figure 15A An example of the transition from one beam fault detection reference signal to another is shown.

[0018] Figure 15B An example of the transition from one beam fault detection reference signal to another is shown.

[0019] Figure 16 The operational flow / algorithm structure according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0020] Figure 17 A beamforming component of a device according to some embodiments is shown.

[0021] Figure 18 User equipment according to some implementation schemes is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following detailed description relates to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals may be used in different drawings to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description, specific details, such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, technologies, etc., are set forth for illustrative and non-limiting purposes to provide a thorough understanding of various aspects of the various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various aspects of the various embodiments may be practiced in other examples departing from these specific details. In some cases, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of the various embodiments with unnecessary detail. For the purposes of this document, the phrase "A or B" means (A), (B), or (A and B).

[0023] The following is a glossary of terms that may be used in this disclosure.

[0024] As used herein, the term "circuit" refers to, is part of, or includes the following: hardware components such as electronic circuits, logic circuits, processors (shared, dedicated, or grouped) or memories (shared, dedicated, or grouped), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable devices (FPDs) (e.g., field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex PLDs (CPLDs), high-capacity PLDs (HCPLDs), structured ASICs, or programmable system-on-a-chip (SoCs)), digital signal processors (DSPs), etc. In some embodiments, a circuit may execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the said functions. The term "circuit" may also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements and program code for performing the functions (or a combination of circuits used in an electrical or electronic system). In these embodiments, the combination of hardware elements and program code may be referred to as a particular type of circuit.

[0025] As used herein, the term "processor circuit" means, is part of, or includes the following: a circuit capable of sequentially and automatically performing a series of arithmetic or logical operations or recording, storing, or transmitting digital data. The term "processor circuit" may also refer to an application processor, baseband processor, central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit, single-core processor, dual-core processor, triple-core processor, quad-core processor, or any other device capable of executing or otherwise operating computer-executable instructions (such as program code, software modules, and / or functional procedures).

[0026] As used herein, the term "interface circuit" refers to, is part of, or includes a circuit that enables the exchange of information between two or more components or devices. The term "interface circuit" can refer to one or more hardware interfaces, such as buses, I / O interfaces, peripheral component interfaces, network interface cards, etc.

[0027] As used herein, the term "user equipment" or "UE" refers to equipment of a remote user that has radio communication capabilities and can describe network resources in a communication network. Furthermore, the term "user equipment" or "UE" can be considered synonymous and can be referred to as a client, mobile phone, mobile device, mobile terminal, user terminal, mobile unit, mobile station, mobile user, subscriber, user, remote station, access agent, user agent, receiver, radio equipment, reconfigurable radio equipment, reconfigurable mobile device, etc. Additionally, the term "user equipment" or "UE" can include any type of wireless / wired equipment or any computing device that includes a wireless communication interface.

[0028] As used herein, the term "computer system" means any type of interconnected electronic device, computer device, or component thereof. Additionally, the term "computer system" or "system" may refer to the various components of a computer that are communicatively coupled to each other. Furthermore, the term "computer system" or "system" may refer to multiple computer devices or multiple computing systems that are communicatively coupled to each other and configured to share computing resources or network resources.

[0029] As used herein, the term "resource" refers to physical or virtual devices, physical or virtual components within a computing environment, or physical or virtual components within a specific device, such as computer equipment, mechanical equipment, memory space, processor / CPU time, processor / CPU utilization, processor and accelerator load, hardware time or utilization, power supply, input / output operations, port or network sockets, channel / link allocation, throughput, memory utilization, storage, network, databases and applications, units of workload, etc. "Hardware resource" can refer to computing, storage, or networking resources provided by physical hardware components. "Virtualized resource" can refer to computing, storage, or networking resources provided by virtualization infrastructure to applications, devices, systems, etc. The terms "network resource" or "communication resource" can refer to resources that computer equipment / systems can access via a communication network. The term "system resource" can refer to any kind of shared entity providing services and can include computing or network resources. System resources can be considered as a coherent set of functions, network data objects, or services accessible through a server, wherein such system resources reside on a single host or multiple hosts and are clearly identifiable.

[0030] As used herein, the term "channel" refers to any tangible or intangible transmission medium used for transmitting data or data streams. The term "channel" may be synonymous or equivalent with "communication channel," "data communication channel," "transmission channel," "data transmission channel," "access channel," "data access channel," "link," "data link," "carrier," "radio frequency carrier," or any other similar term indicating a path or medium through which data is transmitted. Additionally, as used herein, the term "link" refers to a connection between two devices used for transmitting and receiving information.

[0031] As used in this article, the terms "instantiate" and "instantiate" refer to the creation of an instance. "Instance" also refers to the concrete occurrence of an object, which may occur, for example, during the execution of program code.

[0032] The term "connection" can mean that two or more elements at a common communication protocol layer have an established signaling relationship with each other through a communication channel, link, interface, or reference point.

[0033] As used herein, the term "network element" refers to physical or virtualized equipment or infrastructure used to provide wired or wireless communication network services. The term "network element" may be considered synonymous with or referred to as networked computers, network hardware, network equipment, network nodes, virtualized network functions, etc.

[0034] The term "information element" refers to a structural element that contains one or more fields. The term "field" refers to the individual content of an information element, or the data element that contains that content. An information element may include one or more additional information elements.

[0035] This article describes techniques for handling changes in reference signal configuration that may affect the timing of evaluation cycles for radio link monitoring and / or beam fault detection. Figure 1 A network environment 100 according to some implementation schemes is illustrated. The network environment 100 may include a UE 104 and an access node (or “base station”) 108. The access node 108 may provide one or more radio serving cells 112 and 114, such as 3GPP New Radio “NR” cells, through which the UE 104 may communicate with the access node 108 (e.g., via an NR-Uu interface).

[0036] Access node 108 can transmit information (e.g., data and control signaling) in the downlink direction by mapping logical channels onto transport channels and transport channels onto physical channels. Logical channels can transmit data between the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer; transport channels can transmit data between the MAC and PHY layers; and physical channels can transmit information across the air interface. Physical channels may include the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH); the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH); and the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).

[0037] The PBCH can be used to broadcast system information that UE 104 can use for initial access to the serving cell. The PBCH can be transmitted together with the Physical Synchronization Signal (PSS) and the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) in the Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block. The SS / PBCH block (SSB) can be used by UE 104 during the cell search process and for beam selection.

[0038] PDSCH can be used to transmit end-user application data, signaling radio bearer (SRB) messages, system information messages (except for, for example, master information block (MIB)), and paging messages.

[0039] Access node (e.g., base station or gNB) 108 can also transmit various reference signals to UE 104. Reference signals (RS) are special signals that exist only at the PHY layer and are not used to deliver any specific information (e.g., data), but their purpose is to provide a reference point for transmit power. Reference signals may include demodulation reference signals (DMRS) for PBCH, PDCCH, and PDSCH. UE 104 can compare the received version of the DMRS with a known sequence of transmitted DMRS to estimate the impact of the propagation channel. UE 104 can then apply the inverse channel of the propagation channel during the demodulation process corresponding to the physical channel transmission.

[0040] The reference signal may also include a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The CSI-RS can be a multi-purpose downlink transmission that can be used for CSI reporting, beam management, connection mode mobility, radio link failure detection, beam failure detection and recovery, and fine-tuning of time and frequency synchronization. For example, the UE 104 can measure the SSB and CSI-RS to determine the desired downlink beam pairs for transmitting / receiving PDCCH and PDSCH transmissions. The UE can use the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) to transmit uplink control information (UCI) to the access node 108, including, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) acknowledgments, scheduling requests, and periodic and semi-persistent Channel State Information (CSI) reports.

[0041] Access node 108 can configure transmit control indicator (TCI) status information for UE 104 to indicate quasi-co-location (QCL) relationships between antenna ports used for reference signals (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS) and downlink data or control signaling (e.g., PDSCH or PDCCH). Access node 108 can use a combination of RRC signaling, MAC control element signaling, and / or downlink information (DCI) to inform UE 104 of these QCL relationships.

[0042] Initially, access node 108 can configure multiple TCI states for UE 104 via RRC signaling. In some implementations, up to 128 TCI states can be configured for PDSCH via, for example, a PDSCH-config information element (IE), and up to 64 TCI states can be configured for PDCCH via, for example, a PDCCH-config IE. Each TCI state may include a Physical Cell ID (PCI), a bandwidth portion ID, an indication of the associated SSB or CSI-RS, and an indication of the QCL type. 3GPP has specified four types of QCLs to indicate which specific channel characteristics are shared. In QCL type A, antenna ports share Doppler drift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread. In QCL type B, antenna ports share Doppler drift, and Doppler spread is shared. In QCL type C, antenna ports share Doppler drift and average delay. In QCL type D, antenna ports share spatial receiver parameters.

[0043] After initial configuration, the TCI state can be set to inactive. Access node 108 can then issue an activation command, for example, via a MAC control element. This activation command can activate up to eight combinations of one or two TCI states, corresponding to eight code points in the TCI field of the DCI. One or more specific TCI states can then be dynamically selected and these TCI states can be signaled using the TCI field in the DCI to indicate which of the active TCI states are suitable for PDSCH resource allocation.

[0044] Access node 108 can use resource elements belonging to a control resource set (CORESET) to transmit PDCCH. Search space configuration can specify a particular CORESET to limit the search space; for example, a specific set of resource blocks and symbols that UE 104 attempts to decode the PDCCH. Access node 108 can configure up to three CORESETs for the active downlink bandwidth portion of the serving cell. A CORESET can be configured by a ControlResourceSet information element, which defines frequency domain resources to indicate the resource blocks allocated to the CORESET, defines a duration (which can be 1, 2, or 3 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols) to indicate the number of symbols allocated to the CORESET, and defines QCL information to support successful PDCCH reception.

[0045] QCL information in the ControlResourceSet information element can be provided by listing the identities of TCI states. The TCI states identified in the ControlResourceSet information element can be a subset of the TCI states defined in the PDSCH-config within the active downlink bandwidth portion of the CORESET. If the ControlResourceSet information element provides only a single TCI state, UE 104 can assume a QCL relationship between the PDCCH and the reference signal specified by that TCI state. If multiple TCI states are listed, UE 104 can rely on the activation command as described above to identify the TCI state to apply.

[0046] UE 104 may include enhanced multiple-input multiple-output (eMIMO) capability that supports simultaneous communication from several (or even many) different serving cells via beams. Figure 1 An example of carrier aggregation (CA) is shown, in which UE 104 receives data from serving cell 112 via component carrier (CC) 122 and from serving cell 114 via component carrier (CC) 124, while simultaneously receiving data from access node 108.

[0047] CC 122 may be in a frequency band within frequency range 1 (FR1) or frequency range 2 (FR2). Similarly, CC 124 may be in a frequency band within FR1 or FR2. CC 112 and 124 may be in the same frequency band (intra-band, continuous or discontinuous) or in different frequency bands (inter-band) and within potentially different frequency ranges. For FR1 (e.g., below 7.225 GHz), the transmit antenna of UE 104 is typically implemented as an omnidirectional antenna. For FR2 (e.g., 24.250 GHz and above, also known as mmWave), the transmit antenna of UE 104 may be implemented as a panel with multiple antenna elements. For example, the multiple antenna elements of the panel may be driven as a phased array (e.g., to guide the beam in a desired direction).

[0048] Figure 2 A network environment 200 according to some embodiments is illustrated. Network environment 100 may include a UE 104 and two or more access nodes (or “base stations”) 208 and 210. Each of access nodes 208 and 210 may provide one or more radio serving cells, such as 3GPP New Radio (NR) cells, through which the UE 104 can communicate with access nodes 208 and 210. In this example, access node 208 provides two serving cells 212 and 214 that communicate with the UE 104 via CCs 222 and 224, respectively, and access node 210 provides two serving cells 216 and 218 that communicate with the UE 104 via CCs 226 and 228, respectively.

[0049] UE 104 can communicate with access nodes 208 and 210 via an air interface compatible with 3GPP technical specifications such as those defining the fifth-generation (5G) NR system standard. Each of access nodes 208 and 210 can be a Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) node coupled to a 5G core network. The NG-RAN node can be a gNB providing NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to UE 104, or an ng-eNB providing Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol termination to UE 104.

[0050] Figure 2 An example of dual connectivity (DC) is illustrated, where UE 104 can simultaneously transmit and receive data via multiple component carriers (CCs) from two different cell groups. In this example, access node 208 is the primary node providing control plane connectivity to the core network, and access node 210 is the secondary node. The primary node can be coupled to the 5G core (5GC) network via a backhaul connection that can support the NG-C interface. The serving cells provided by the primary node (access node 208 in this example) include primary cell group (MCG) 220, and the serving cells provided by the secondary node (access node 210 in this example) include secondary cell group (SCG) 221. Each of MCG 220 and SCG 221 has a primary serving cell and optionally one or more secondary serving cells. The primary serving cell of MCG 220 (also referred to as a special cell or spCell) may be referred to as PCell, and the secondary serving cell of MCG 221 may be referred to as SCell. The primary serving cell (spCell) of SCG 220 can be referred to as PSCell, and the secondary serving cell of SCG 221 can be referred to as SCell or SSCell. Figure 2 In this context, serving cell 212 is a PCell, serving cell 216 is a PSCell, and serving cells 214 and 218 are SCells. Unless otherwise stated, the term "primary serving cell" may refer to either a PCell or a PSCell; unless otherwise stated, the term "secondary serving cell" may refer to either a secondary serving cell of the MCG or a secondary serving cell of the SCG; and unless otherwise stated, the term "SCell" may also refer to either a secondary serving cell of the MCG or a secondary serving cell of the SCG.

[0051] Chapter 8 of 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.133 (V16.7.0 (2021-03), "Radio Resource Management Support Requirements") stipulates that the UE "shall monitor downlink radio link quality based on reference signals configured as RLM-RS resources in order to detect downlink radio link quality of PCell and PSCell." This chapter also stipulates that on each RLM-RS resource, the UE "shall estimate downlink radio link quality" and compares it to a threshold "in order to monitor downlink radio link quality of the cell."

[0052] UE 104 can monitor the downlink radio link quality of the primary cell (PCell and PSCell) for the purpose of indicating asynchronous / synchronous states to higher layers and potentially declaring radio link failures. For example, if the downlink radio link quality estimated on all RLM-RSs during the last evaluation period is below a first quality level (Qout) where the radio link is considered unreliable, which may be based on an assumed asynchronous BLER (BLERout) value for PDCCH transmission, UE 104 can generate an asynchronous indication; and if the downlink radio link quality estimated on at least one RLM-RS during the last evaluation period exceeds a second quality level (Qin) where the radio link is considered reliable, which may be based on an assumed synchronous BLER (BLERin) value for PDCCH transmission, UE 104 can generate a synchronization indication. The evaluation period may have a periodicity referred to as synchronization / asynchronous (IS / OOS) periodicity. In some implementations, BLERout may be set to 10% and BLERin may be set to 2%.

[0053] Section 8.5.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133 specifies that the UE "shall evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the serving cell based on reference signals in the set". "To detect beam faults on PCell, PSCell, and SCell. This set includes RS resource configurations on PCell or PSCell." This can be a periodic CSI-RS resource and / or an SSB, and the set of resources in this group... RS resource configurations on SCell can be periodic CSI-RS. For each RS resource configuration in this set... UE104 can estimate beam quality and compare this estimate with a quality level (e.g., threshold Q). out_LR The comparison is performed to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the serving cell beam. If the beam quality of the BFD-RS is lower than this quality level, which corresponds to a quality level that assumes a block error rate (BLER) of 10% for PDCCH transmission, then UE 104 can generate a beam failure instance.

[0054] The network can signal changes in the UE's operational state. In one example, the network can signal changes in the UE's discontinuous reception (DRX) mode to indicate a change in the UE's operational state. Changes in the UE's DRX mode can be a transition from DRX to no DRX, a transition from no DRX to DRX, or a change in the timing of the UE's DRX cycle (e.g., a periodic change).

[0055] 3GPP TS Section 8.1.4 of 38.133 stipulates

[0056] "When a UE transitions between DRX and no DRX, or when DRX changes cyclically, for each RLM-RS resource, for a duration equal to the evaluation period corresponding to the second mode after the transition, the UE should use an evaluation period not less than the minimum of the evaluation periods corresponding to the first and second modes. After this duration, the UE should use the evaluation period corresponding to the second mode for each RLM-RS resource. This requirement should apply to both asynchronous and synchronous evaluations of the monitored cell."

[0057] The network can use DRX to reduce UE power consumption, and can signal changes in DRX mode based on traffic conditions. If the network does not have sufficient traffic to schedule the UE, for example, the network can configure the UE to start DRX (i.e., change from DRX-inactive mode (no DRX) to DRX-active mode (DRX)). The network can also determine the timing (e.g., periodicity) of the DRX cycle (e.g., long or short DRX cycles) based on the frequency at which data will be scheduled. If the network has no data to schedule the UE for a period of time, the network can configure the UE to have very long DRX cycles (e.g., large periodicity) to conserve power for the UE. Factors determining the duration of the BFD evaluation period include whether the UE is in DRX-active mode, and if so, whether the DRX cycle is greater than 320 ms. Therefore, changes in the UE's DRX mode may cause changes in the duration of the BFD evaluation period.

[0058] 3GPP TS 38.133 fails to specify UE behavior for handling changes in the duration of the BFD assessment period resulting from DRX mode transitions. For example, the TS does not specify that the beam quality estimate for the first assessment period ending after the DRX mode transition time can be based on samples of the BFD-RS obtained before that transition time.

[0059] A solution to this problem is now provided. When a UE switches between DRX and no DRX, or when DRX cycles periodically, for each BFD-RS resource, the UE can use an evaluation period no less than the minimum of the evaluation periods corresponding to the first and second modes for a duration equal to the evaluation period corresponding to the second mode after the switch. After this duration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second mode for each BFD-RS resource.

[0060] Figure 3 An example is shown in which the UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality based on a first beam fault detection reference signal (BFD-RS) transition at time t during the transition from a first (old) DRX mode to a second (new) DRX mode. The first BFD-RS can be, for example, a periodic CSI-RS or an SSB. In the first DRX mode, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a first duration, and in the second DRX mode, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a second duration. The second duration can be the same as the first duration or can be longer or shorter than the first duration. For each evaluation period with the first duration and for each evaluation period with the second duration, the UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS within the evaluation period based on samples of the first BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the evaluation period. The UE's active TCI state of CORESET is the same before and after the DRX mode transition.

[0061] At transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of a first BFD-RS using a hybrid evaluation period. This evaluation period begins before transition time t (e.g., at the beginning of an ongoing evaluation period with a first duration) and ends after transition time t (e.g., for a period equal to the second duration after transition time t). The UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality within the hybrid evaluation period of the first BFD-RS based on samples of the first BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the hybrid evaluation period (e.g., based on samples obtained before and after transition time t).

[0062] Figure 4 An operational flow / algorithm structure 400 according to some implementation schemes is shown. The operational flow / algorithm structure 400 may be executed or implemented by a UE such as UE 104 or UE 1500; or by components thereof such as baseband processor 1504A.

[0063] The operation process / algorithm structure 400 may include, at 404, in the first DRX mode, using an evaluation period with a first duration to evaluate the downlink beam quality of BFD-RS.

[0064] The operation flow / algorithm structure 400 may further include, at 408, a first-time transition from a first DRX mode to a second DRX mode different from the first DRX mode. The DRX cycle periodicity of the first DRX mode may differ from that of the second DRX mode, or DRX may be active during one of the first and second DRX modes and inactive during the other.

[0065] The operation procedure / algorithm structure 400 may further include, at 412, using a hybrid evaluation period to evaluate the downlink beam quality of BFD-RS, wherein the hybrid evaluation period begins before the first time and ends after the first time. The duration of the hybrid evaluation period may differ from the first duration. The active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state of the UE's CORESET may remain unchanged during the hybrid evaluation period.

[0066] For example, the network can signal changes in the UE's operational state by sending a signal to notify the UE of changes in its active TCI state. Figure 5 An example is shown in which a UE is configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a first Radio Link Monitoring Reference Signal (RLM-RS) serving as a first CSI-RS. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a second RLM-RS serving as a second CSI-RS, and the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET before transition time t differs from the active TCI state after transition time t. The first CSI-RS is the RS specified by the active TCI state before transition time t, and the second CSI-RS is the RS specified by the active TCI state after transition time t.

[0067] 3GPP TS Section 8.1.4 of 38.133 stipulates

[0068] "When a UE transitions from the first configuration of the CORESET active TCI state to the second configuration of the CORESET active TCI state, for each CSI-RS present in the second configuration for RLM, the UE should use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration from the transition time. This requirement should apply to both asynchronous and synchronous evaluations of the monitored cell."

[0069] In such Figure 5In the scenario shown, the active TCI state for the CORESET changes. If the CSI-RS is used as the RLM-RS, and if the new CSI-RS for RLM and the old CSI-RS for RLM are associated with different active TCI states for the same CORESET, the UE can discard the old CSI-RS assessment and initiate an assessment based on the new CSI-RS.

[0070] A change in the active TCI state for a CORESET means that the CSI-RS changes from one CSI-RS to another. However, this does not cover the case where the active TCI state remains unchanged, but the RLM-RS changes from the SSB (which is related to the active TCI state QCL of the CORESET) to the CSI-RS (within the active TCI state of the same CORESET). As discussed herein, even if the active TCI state remains unchanged, a transition can specify that the UE cannot merge evaluation periods before and after the reconfiguration.

[0071] TCI states can be used to define specific quasi-co-location (QCL) relationships between the PDCCH and RS (CSI-RS or SSB) or between the PDSCH and RS (CSI-RS or SSB). The network can signal changes in the UE's active TCI state in response to a UE reporting beam measurement results. For example, the UE can send a report to the network indicating that a transmit beam associated with a TCI state different from the current active TCI state may be more suitable for UE scheduling and / or UE control channel transmission than the transmit beam associated with the current active TCI state. In response to such a report, the network can signal the UE to switch its active TCI state to the different TCI state.

[0072] Figure 6 An example is shown in which a UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a first beam fault detection reference signal (BFD-RS) that transitions at time t to a first CSI-RS configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a second BFD-RS, which is a second CSI-RS. The first CSI-RS is associated with or quasi-co-located (QCL) of a first TCI state active before the transition time t of the UE's first CORESET, and the second CSI-RS is associated with or quasi-co-located (QCL) of a second TCI state active after the transition time t of the UE's first CORESET. 3GPP TS 38.133 fails to specify UE behavior for processing BFD-RS evaluation during transition periods that include transitions from one active TCI state to another. A solution to this problem is now provided.

[0073] For example Figure 6The scenario shown involves a change in the active TCI state for the CORESET. If a CSI-RS is used as a BFD-RS, and if each of the new CSI-RS used for BFD and the old CSI-RS used for BFD is associated with a different active TCI state or QCL for the same CORESET, it may be expected that the UE discards the old CSI-RS evaluation and initiates an evaluation based on the new CSI-RS. When the UE transitions from a first CSI-RS configuration associated with the old active TCI state or QCL of the CORESET to a second CSI-RS configuration associated with the new active TCI state or QCL of the CORESET, for each CSI-RS used for BFD present in the second configuration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration from the transition time.

[0074] Before the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of a first BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a first duration, and after the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of a second BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a second duration. The second duration may be the same as the first duration or may be longer or shorter than the first duration. For each evaluation period with the first duration, the UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS within the evaluation period based on samples of the first BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the evaluation period.

[0075] The UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS at the beginning of an evaluation period with a second duration, starting at transition time t. The UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS within this evaluation period based on samples of the second BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained after transition time t. Any samples of the first BFD-RS obtained during the evaluation period as transition time t progresses are not used to estimate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS during that evaluation period with the second duration. For example, the UE may discard such measurements.

[0076] Figure 7 An operational flow / algorithm structure 700 according to some implementation schemes is shown. The operational flow / algorithm structure 700 may be executed or implemented by a UE such as UE 104 or UE 1500; or by components thereof such as baseband processor 1504A.

[0077] The operation procedure / algorithm structure 700 may include, at 704, using an evaluation period with a first duration to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS in the first resource configuration. The first BFD-RS may include a first CSI-RS.

[0078] The operation flow / algorithm structure 700 may further include, at 708, a first-time transition from a first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first configuration. This transition may include changing the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET from a first TCI state to a second TCI state different from the first TCI state.

[0079] The operation flow / algorithm structure 700 may further include, at 712, using an evaluation period with a second duration to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS in the second resource configuration, wherein the evaluation period with the second duration begins at the first time. The second BFD-RS may include a second CSI-RS different from the first CSI-RS.

[0080] For example, the network can signal changes in the UE's operational status by sending signals to notify the UE of changes in RLM resource configuration. Figure 8 An example is shown in which the UE is configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a first Radio Link Monitoring Reference Signal (RLM-RS), which is a first CSI-RS with a first configuration (e.g., a first periodicity). At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a second RLM-RS, which is a first CSI-RS with a second configuration (e.g., a second periodicity), wherein the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET is the same before and after the transition time t.

[0081] Section 8.1.4 of 3GPP TS 38.133 specifies

[0082] "When a UE changes from a first RLM resource configuration to a second RLM resource configuration different from the first configuration, for each RLM resource present in the second configuration, for a duration equal to the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration after the change, the UE shall use an evaluation period not less than the minimum of the evaluation periods corresponding to the first and second configurations. After this duration, the UE shall use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration for each RLM resource present in the second configuration. This requirement shall apply to both asynchronous and synchronous evaluations of the monitored cell."

[0083] In such Figure 8In the scenario shown, RLM reconfiguration can be associated with the same CORESET, and the active TCI state remains unchanged for that CORESET. This reconfiguration can alter the RS periodicity, and therefore the UE may need to change its evaluation period for the new RS or the new configuration. For example, if CSI-RS is used as RLM-RS, and if the CSI-RS periodicity / offset is reconfigured, the evaluation window can be a mix of the old and new CSI-RS configurations, and a longer evaluation period can be assumed.

[0084] The network can signal changes in the operational state of a UE by signaling changes in the offset and / or periodicity of a reference signal. The reference signal may be shared by a group of UEs (e.g., rather than assigned to a single UE), and the network may be expected to change the timing (e.g., offset and / or periodicity) of the reference signal in response to time-varying factors (e.g., the number of UEs currently using the reference signal, the number of UEs currently relying on the reference signal, current traffic load, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, the network may be expected to reduce its power consumption by, for example, increasing the periodicity of the reference signal.

[0085] Figure 9 An example is illustrated where the UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a first BFD-RS, which is a first CSI-RS with a first configuration (e.g., a first offset and / or a first periodicity). At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a second BFD-RS, which is a first CSI-RS with a second configuration (e.g., a second offset different from the first offset and / or a second periodicity different from the first periodicity). 3GPP TS 38.133 fails to specify the behavior of the UE when transitioning from one BFD-RS configuration (e.g., the offset and / or periodicity of the CSI-RS) to another BFD-RS configuration, which could result in variations in the duration of the corresponding BFD evaluation period.

[0086] For example Figure 9 As shown, the active TCI state for CORESET remains unchanged. If CSI-RS is used as BFD-RS, and if the CSI-RS periodicity / offset is reconfigured, the evaluation window can be a mix of the old and new CSI-RS configurations, and a longer evaluation period can be assumed.

[0087] Figure 10Another example is shown where the UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a first BFD-RS that is the first CSI-RS. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a second BFD-RS, which is a different CSI-RS from the first CSI-RS. The UE's first CORESET active TCI state is the same before and after the transition time t, and each of the first and second CSI-RS is associated with (e.g., specified by) this active TCI state or QCL. 3GPP TS 38.133 fails to specify the behavior of the UE during such a transition from a BFD-RS that is the first CSI-RS to a BFD-RS that is a different CSI-RS.

[0088] For example Figure 10 As shown, the active TCI state for CORESET does not change. If CSI-RS is used as BFD-RS, and if CSI-RS is reconfigured from a first CSI-RS to a second CSI-RS, where each of the first and second CSI-RS is associated with the same active TCI state or QCL for CORESET, then the UE's behavior in response to this transition is indeterminate.

[0089] Solutions to these problems are now provided. For example... Figure 9 As shown, when the UE changes from a first BFD resource configuration to a second BFD resource configuration different from the first configuration, for each BFD resource existing in the second configuration, the UE can use an evaluation period not less than the minimum of the evaluation periods corresponding to the first and second configurations for a duration equal to the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration after the change. After this duration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration for each BFD resource existing in the second configuration.

[0090] For example Figure 10 As shown, when the UE changes from a first BFD resource configuration to a second BFD resource configuration different from the first configuration, for each BFD resource existing in the second configuration, if the first and second BFD configurations are associated with the same Active TCI state or QCL of CORESET for a duration equal to the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration after the change, the UE can use an evaluation period not less than the minimum value of the evaluation periods corresponding to the first and second configurations. After this duration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration for each BFD resource existing in the second configuration.

[0091] Before the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of a first BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a first duration, and after the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of a second BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a second duration. The second duration may be the same as the first duration or may be longer or shorter than the first duration. For each of the evaluation periods with the first duration and for each of the evaluation periods with the second duration, the UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS within the evaluation period based on samples of the first BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the evaluation period.

[0092] At transition time t, the UE is configured to use a hybrid evaluation period to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS. This evaluation period begins before transition time t (e.g., at the beginning of an ongoing evaluation period having a first duration) and ends after transition time t (e.g., for a period equal to the second duration after transition time t). The UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS within the hybrid evaluation period based on samples of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the hybrid evaluation period (e.g., based on samples of the first BFD-RS obtained before transition time t and samples of the second BFD-RS obtained after transition time t).

[0093] Figure 11 An operational flow / algorithm structure 1100 according to some implementation schemes is shown. The operational flow / algorithm structure 1100 may be executed or implemented by a UE such as UE 104 or UE 1500; or by components thereof such as baseband processor 1504A.

[0094] The operation procedure / algorithm structure 1100 may include, at 1104, using an evaluation period with a first duration to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS in the first resource configuration. The first BFD-RS may include a first CSI-RS.

[0095] The operation flow / algorithm structure 1100 may further include, at 1108, a first-time transition from a first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first configuration. This transition may include changing the configuration of the first CSI-RS and / or changing the first BFD-RS to a different CSI-RS.

[0096] The operation flow / algorithm structure 1100 may further include, at 1112, using an evaluation period with a second duration to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS in the second resource configuration. The second BFD-RS may include the first CSI-RS, or may include a second CSI-RS different from the first CSI-RS and indicated by the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET as to be QCL with that active TCI state. If the second CSI-RS includes the first CSI-RS, then the offset of the first CSI-RS before the first time may be different from the offset of the first CSI-RS after the first time, and / or the periodicity of the first CSI-RS before the first time may be different from the periodicity of the first CSI-RS after the first time.

[0097] The operation procedure / algorithm structure 1100 may further include, at 1116, using a hybrid evaluation period to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS. This hybrid evaluation period may begin before the first time and end after the first time. The active TCI state of the UE's CORESET may remain unchanged during the hybrid evaluation period.

[0098] An evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and an evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period can both be synchronous evaluation periods. Alternatively, an evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and an evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period can both be asynchronous evaluation periods. The operation flow / algorithm structure 1100 may further include using evaluation samples based on the first BFD-RS to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS, and / or using evaluation samples obtained before the first time to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS.

[0099] For example, the network can signal changes in the UE's operational status by sending signals to the RLM-RS or BFD-RS to notify the UE of changes from one SSB to another. Figure 12 An example is shown in which the UE is configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a first RLM-RS acting as a first SSB. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a second RLM-RS acting as a second SSB, wherein the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET is the same before and after the transition time t, and both the first SSB and the second SSB are associated with the active TCI state QCL.

[0100] In such Figure 12In the scenario shown, the active TCI state for the CORESET does not change. If the SSB is used as the RLM-RS, and if the RLM-RS is configured from one SSB to another, but the active TCI state for any CORESET does not change, the UE's behavior for that transition is indeterminate. For example, the active TCI state is related to the old SSB QCL before the transition, and the active TCI state is also related to the new SSB QCL after the transition.

[0101] Figure 13 An example is shown in which the UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a first BFD-RS acting as a first SSB. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a second BFD-RS acting as a second SSB, wherein the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET is the same before and after the transition time t, and both the first SSB and the second SSB are associated with the active TCI state QCL.

[0102] For example Figure 13 In the scenario shown, the active TCI state for CORESET does not change. If an SSB is used as a BFD-RS, and if the BFD-RS is configured from one SSB to another, but the active TCI state for any CORESET does not change, then the UE's behavior in response to this transition is indeterminate.

[0103] 3GPP TS 38.133 fails to specify the required UE behavior for processing RLM-RS assessment or BFD-RS assessment during the period including the transition of the monitored RS from one SSB to another (e.g., such as...). Figure 12 and Figure 13 (As shown).

[0104] For example, the network can signal a change in the UE's operational state by sending a signal to the RLM-RS or BFD-RS from the CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET to the SSB of the QCL of that active TCI state, and vice versa. Figure 14A An example is shown in which the UE is configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a first RLM-RS, which is the first SSB of the active TCI state QCL of the UE's first CORESET. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a second RLM-RS, which is the first CSI-RS, wherein the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET is the same before and after the transition time t, and the active TCI state specifies the first CSI-RS. Figure 14BA similar example is shown where the UE is configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a first RLM-RS, which is a first CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink radio link quality against a second RLM-RS, which is the first SSB of the active TCI state QCL, and the active TCI state is the same before and after the transition time t.

[0105] In such Figure 14A and 14B In the scenario shown, the active TCI status for CORESET does not change. If RLM-RS changes from SSB to CSI-RS ( Figure 14A ), or change from CSI-RS to SSB ( Figure 14B If the CSI-RS is in the active TCI state of the CORESET, then the active TCI state remains unchanged, but the RLM-RS changes, and the UE's behavior in response to this transition is uncertain. For example, the active TCI state is the same as the SSB QCL mentioned above, and the CSI-RS is in this active TCI state (unchanged before and after the transition).

[0106] Figure 15A An example is shown in which the UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a first BFD-RS, which is the first SSB of the active TCI state QCL of the UE's first CORESET. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a second BFD-RS, which is the first CSI-RS, wherein the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET is the same before and after the transition time t, and the active TCI state specifies the first CSI-RS. Figure 15B A similar example is shown where the UE is configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a first BFD-RS, which is a first CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state of the UE's first CORESET. At time t, the UE transitions to being configured to evaluate downlink beam quality against a second BFD-RS, which is the first SSB of the active TCI state QCL, and the active TCI state is the same before and after the transition time t.

[0107] In such Figure 15A and 15B In the scenario shown, the active TCI state for CORESET does not change. If BFD-RS changes from SSB to CSI-RS ( Figure 15A Or change from CSI-RS to SSB ( Figure 15BIf the CSI-RS here is associated with the active TCI state of the CORESET or the QCL, then the active TCI state remains unchanged, but the BFD-RS changes, and the UE's behavior in response to this change is uncertain.

[0108] 3GPP TS 38.133 fails to specify the required UE behavior for processing RLM-RS assessment or BFD-RS assessment during the period when the monitored RS transitions from the CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state to the SSB of the QCL of that active TCI state, and vice versa (e.g., as...). Figure 14A , 14B (As shown in 15A and 15B).

[0109] Solutions to these problems regarding RLM are now provided. For example... Figure 12 As shown, when a UE transitions from being an SSB of the old RLM-RS to another SSB of the new RLM-RS, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the new SSB from the transition time for the new RLM-RS, and the UE will discard the evaluation samples based on the old SSB. This principle applies to both asynchronous and synchronous evaluations of the monitored cells, provided that: 1) the old SSB and the new SSB have the same active TCI state (QCL) of a CORESET, and 2) the active TCI state of the CORESET does not change during the RLM-RS (SSB to SSB) transition.

[0110] For example Figure 14A As shown, when a UE transitions from the first configuration of the active TCI state of a CORESET to the second SSB configuration of the active TCI state QCL of that CORESET, for the SSBs for RLM-RS present in the second configuration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration from the transition time, and the UE can discard evaluation samples based on CSI-RS in the old active TCI state. This principle applies to both asynchronous and synchronous evaluations of the monitored cell.

[0111] For example Figure 14B As shown, when a UE transitions from the first SSB configuration of the CORESET's active TCI state QCL to the second configuration of the CORESET's active TCI state, for the CSI-RS used for RLM-RS in the second configuration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration from the transition time, and the UE can discard evaluation samples based on the old SSB. This principle applies to both asynchronous and synchronous evaluations of the monitored cell.

[0112] Even if the active TCI status is Figure 12 ,14A As in the example shown in 14B, the inventors have determined that the evaluation of the radio link quality of the RLM during any time period after the transition time t should not be based on samples obtained before the transition time t. Therefore, before the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the first RLM-RS using an evaluation period with a first duration, and after the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second RLM-RS using an evaluation period with a second duration. The second duration may be the same as the first duration or may be longer or shorter than the first duration. For each evaluation period with the first duration, the UE is configured to estimate the downlink radio link quality of the first RLM-RS within the evaluation period based on samples of the first RLM-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the evaluation period.

[0113] The UE is configured to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second RLM-RS during an evaluation period of second duration, beginning at transition time t. The UE is configured to estimate the downlink radio link quality of the second RLM-RS within this evaluation period based on samples of the second RLM-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained after transition time t. Any samples of the first RLM-RS obtained during the evaluation period as transition time t progresses are not used to estimate the downlink radio link quality of the second RLM-RS during that evaluation period of second duration. For example, the UE may discard such measurements.

[0114] Solutions to these problems regarding BFD are now provided. For example... Figure 13 As shown, when a UE transitions from one SSB as an old BFD RS to another SSB as a new BFD-RS, for the new SSB of the BFD, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the new SSB from the transition time, and the UE can discard the evaluation samples based on the old SSB, provided that 1) the old SSB and the new SSB have the same active TCI state QCL of a CORESET, and 2) the active TCI state of the CORESET does not change during the BFD-RS (SSB to SSB) transition.

[0115] For example Figure 15A As shown, when the UE changes from the first configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET to the second SSB configuration of the active TCI state QCL of the CORESET, for the SSB for BFD present in the second configuration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration from the transition time, and the UE can discard the evaluation samples based on the CSI-RS in the old active TCI state.

[0116] For example Figure 15B As shown, when the UE transitions from the first SSB configuration of the active TCI state QCL of CORESET to the second configuration of the active TCI state of CORESET, for the CSI-RS for BFD present in the second configuration, the UE can use the evaluation period corresponding to the second configuration from the transition time, and the UE can discard the evaluation samples based on the old SSB.

[0117] Even if the active TCI status is Figure 13 , 15A As in the example shown in 15B, the inventors have determined that the evaluation of the beamless quality of the BFD during any time period after the transition time t should not be based on samples obtained before the transition time t. Therefore, before the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a first duration, and after the transition time t, the UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS using an evaluation period with a second duration. The second duration may be the same as the first duration or may be longer or shorter than the first duration. For each evaluation period with the first duration, the UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS within the evaluation period based on samples of the first BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained during the evaluation period.

[0118] The UE is configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS at the beginning of an evaluation period with a second duration, starting at transition time t. The UE is configured to estimate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS within this evaluation period based on samples of the second BFD-RS (e.g., received signal power) obtained after transition time t. Any samples of the first BFD-RS obtained during the evaluation period as transition time t progresses are not used to estimate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS during that evaluation period with the second duration. For example, the UE may discard such measurements.

[0119] Figure 16 An operational flow / algorithm structure 1600 according to some implementation schemes is shown. The operational flow / algorithm structure 1600 may be executed or implemented by a UE such as UE 104 or UE 1500; or by components thereof such as baseband processor 1504A.

[0120] The operation process / algorithm structure 1600 may include, at 1604, using a first evaluation period to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of a first configured resource in a first resource configuration.

[0121] The operation flow / algorithm structure 1600 may further include, at 1608, a first-time transition from a first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first configuration. Both the first and second configured resources can be configured for RLM. Alternatively, both the first and second configured resources can be configured for BFD, and the downlink radio link quality can be downlink beam quality.

[0122] The TCI state of the UE's CORESET may indicate that a first SSB is quasi-co-located with the CORESET, and the first of the first configured resource and the second configured resource may include the first SSB. The second of the first configured resource and the second configured resource may include a second SSB different from the first SSB, wherein the active TCI state of the CORESET indicates that the second SSB is quasi-co-located with the CORESET. Alternatively, the second of the first configured resource and the second configured resource may include a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) specified by the active TCI state.

[0123] The operation flow / algorithm structure 1600 may further include, at 1612, using a second evaluation period to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of a second configured resource in a second resource configuration, wherein the second evaluation period begins at a first time. The evaluation period having a first duration ending before the first time and the evaluation period having a second duration may both be synchronous evaluation periods. Alternatively, the evaluation period having a first duration ending before the first time and the evaluation period having a second duration may both be asynchronous evaluation periods. Using the second evaluation period to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second configured resource may include discarding evaluation samples based on the first configured resource. Using the second evaluation period to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second configured resource may include discarding evaluation samples obtained before the first time.

[0124] Figure 17 A receiving component 1700 of a device according to some embodiments is shown. The device may be UE 104 or serving cells 112, 114, 212, 214, 216, or 218. The receiving component 1700 may include a first antenna panel, namely panel 1 1704, and a second antenna panel, namely panel 2 1708. Each antenna panel may include multiple antenna elements.

[0125] Antenna panels can be coupled to corresponding analog beamforming (BF) components. For example, panel 11704 can be coupled to analog BF component 1712, and panel 2 1708 can be coupled to analog BF component 1716.

[0126] The analog baseband (BF) component can be coupled to one or more radio frequency (RF) chains. For example, analog BF component 1712 can be coupled to one or more RF chains 1720, and analog BF component 1716 can be coupled to one or more RF chains 1724. The RF chains can amplify the received analog RF signal, down-convert the RF signal to baseband, and convert the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal that can be provided to digital BF component 1728. Digital BF component 1728 can provide baseband (BB) signals for further baseband (BB) processing.

[0127] In various implementations, control circuitry residing in the baseband processor can provide BF weights to the analog / digital BF components to provide a received beam at the corresponding antenna panel. These BF weights can be determined by the control circuitry based on a received reference signal and corresponding QCL / TCI information as described herein. In some implementations, the BF weights can be phase shift values ​​provided to the phase shifter of the analog BF component 1712 or complex weights provided to the digital BF component 1728. In some implementations, the BF components and antenna panels can operate together to provide a dynamic phased array capable of guiding the beam in a desired direction.

[0128] In various implementations, beamforming can include analog beamforming, purely digital beamforming, or a hybrid analog-digital beamforming. Digital beamforming can utilize separate RF chains, each corresponding to an antenna element.

[0129] While beamforming component 1700 describes receive beamforming, other embodiments may include beamforming components that perform transmit beamforming in a similar manner.

[0130] Figure 18 A UE 1800 according to some implementation schemes is shown. UE 1800 may be similar to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The UE 104 is essentially interchangeable with it.

[0131] UE 1800 can be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as mobile phones, computers, tablets, industrial wireless sensors (e.g., microphones, carbon dioxide sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, laser scanners, fluid level sensors, stock sensors, voltmeters / ammeters, actuators, etc.), video surveillance / monitoring devices (e.g., cameras, camcorders, etc.), wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches), and loosely coupled IoT devices.

[0132] UE 1800 may include a processor 1804, RF interface circuitry 1808, memory / storage device 1812, user interface 1816, sensor 1820, drive circuitry 1822, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 1824, antenna structure 1826, and battery 1828. Components of UE 1800 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs), portions of integrated circuits, discrete electronic devices or other modules, logic components, hardware, software, firmware, or combinations thereof. Figure 18 The block diagram is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 1800. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangements of the components shown may occur in other specific implementations.

[0133] Components of UE 1800 can be coupled to various other components via one or more interconnects 1832, which can represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or extension), transmission line, trace, optical connector, etc., and allow various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with each other.

[0134] Processor 1804 may include processor circuitry such as baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1804A, central processing unit circuitry (CPU) 1804B, and graphics processing unit circuitry (GPU) 1804C. Processor 1804 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions (such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage device 1812) to cause UE 1800 to perform the operations described herein.

[0135] In some implementations, the baseband processor circuit 1804A can access the communication protocol stack 1836 in the memory / storage device 1812 to communicate over a 3GPP-compliant network. Generally, the baseband processor circuit 1804A can access the communication protocol stack to perform the following operations: user plane functions at the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, SDAP, and PDU layers; and control plane functions at the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and non-access layers. In some implementations, PHY layer operations may additionally / optionally be performed by components of the RF interface circuit 1808.

[0136] The baseband processor circuit 1804A can generate or process baseband signals or waveforms carrying information in a 3GPP-compliant network. In some implementations, the waveforms used for NR may be based on cyclic prefix OFDM (“CP-OFDM”) in the uplink or downlink, and Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (“DFT-S-OFDM”) in the uplink.

[0137] Memory / storage device 1812 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, including instructions (e.g., communication protocol stack 1836) that can be executed by one or more processors in processor 1804 to cause UE 1800 to perform the various operations described herein. Memory / storage device 1812 includes any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that can be distributed throughout UE 1800. In some embodiments, some memory / storage devices in memory / storage device 1812 may be located on processor 1804 itself (e.g., L1 cache and L2 cache), while other memory / storage devices 1812 are located external to processor 1804 but accessible via a memory interface. Memory / storage device 1812 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory, such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.

[0138] The RF interface circuitry 1808 may include transceiver circuitry and a radio frequency front-end module (RFEM), which allows the UE 1800 to communicate with other devices via a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 1808 may include various components arranged in the transmit or receive path. These components may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, control circuitry, etc.

[0139] In the receiving path, the RFEM can receive the radiated signal from the air interface via antenna structure 1826 and continue to filter and amplify the signal (using a low-noise amplifier). This signal can be provided to the receiver of the transceiver, which downconverts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of processor 1804.

[0140] In the transmission path, the transceiver's transmitter upconverts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM amplifies the RF signal via a power amplifier before it is radiated across the air interface via antenna 1826.

[0141] In various implementations, the RF interface circuit 1808 can be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technology.

[0142] Antenna 1826 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves for propagation through the air and to convert received radio waves back into electrical signals. These antenna elements may be arranged in one or more antenna panels. Antenna 1826 may have omnidirectional, directional, or combinations thereof antenna panels to enable beamforming and multiple-input / multiple-output communication. Antenna 1826 may include microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, phased array antennas, etc. Antenna 1826 may have one or more panels designed for a specific frequency band included in FR1 or FR2.

[0143] User interface circuitry 1816 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable users to interact with UE 1800. User interface circuitry 1816 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting input, particularly including one or more physical or virtual buttons (e.g., a reset button), a physical keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touchpad, a touchscreen, a microphone, a scanner, a headset, etc. Output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for displaying information or otherwise conveying information (such as sensor readings, actuator positions, or other similar information). Output device circuitry may include any number or combination of audio or visual displays, particularly including one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (e.g., binary status indicators (such as light-emitting diodes "LEDs") and multi-character visual outputs), or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (e.g., liquid crystal displays "LCDs", LED displays, quantum dot displays, projectors, etc.), where the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, etc., is generated or produced by the operation of UE 1800.

[0144] Sensor 1820 may include devices, modules, or subsystems intended to detect events or changes in their environment and transmit information about the detected events (sensor data) to other devices, modules, subsystems, etc. Examples of such sensors include, in particular: inertial measurement units including accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) including triaxial accelerometers, triaxial gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; flow sensors; temperature sensors (e.g., thermistors); pressure sensors; barometric pressure sensors; gravimeters; altimeters; image capture devices (e.g., cameras or lensless aperture sensors); light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (e.g., infrared radiation detectors, etc.); depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; microphones or other similar audio capture devices; etc.

[0145] The driving circuitry 1822 may include software and hardware elements for controlling specific devices embedded in, attached to, or otherwise communicatively coupled to the UE 1800. The driving circuitry 1822 may include various drivers that allow other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may exist within or be connected to the UE 1800. For example, the driving circuitry 1822 may include: a display driver for controlling and allowing access to a display device; a touchscreen driver for controlling and allowing access to a touchscreen interface; a sensor driver for acquiring sensor readings of sensor circuitry 1820 and controlling and allowing access to sensor circuitry 1820; a driver for acquiring actuator positions of electromechanical components or controlling and allowing access to electromechanical components; a camera driver for controlling and allowing access to an embedded image capture device; and an audio driver for controlling and allowing access to one or more audio devices.

[0146] The PMIC 1824 manages the power supplied to various components of the UE 1800. Specifically, relative to the processor 1804, the PMIC 1824 controls power selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-DC conversion.

[0147] In some implementations, the PMIC 1824 may control or otherwise become part of various power-saving mechanisms of the UE 1800, including DRX, as discussed herein.

[0148] Battery 1828 can power UE 1800, but in some examples, UE 1800 may be mounted in a fixed location and may have a power source coupled to the mains. Battery 1828 may be a lithium-ion battery, a metal-air battery such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, etc. In some specific implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, battery 1828 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.

[0149] As is widely recognized, the use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices that are generally accepted to meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for protecting user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly explained to users.

[0150] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components shown in one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as described in the Examples section below. For example, the baseband circuitry described above in conjunction with one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to operate on one or more of the examples below. As another example, circuitry associated with the UE, base station, network element, etc., described above in conjunction with one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to operate on one or more of the examples shown in the Examples section below.

[0151] Example

[0152] Further exemplary implementations are provided in the following sections.

[0153] Example 1 includes a method for operating a UE, the method comprising: for a first configured resource in a first resource configuration, evaluating the downlink radio link quality of the first configured resource using an evaluation period having a first duration; at a first time, switching from the first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first resource configuration; and for a second configured resource in the second resource configuration, evaluating the downlink radio link quality of the second configured resource using an evaluation period having a second duration. In this embodiment, the evaluation period having the second duration may begin at the first time, the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET may indicate that a first SSB is quasi-co-located with the active TCI state, and the first of the first configured resource and the second configured resource may include the first SSB. In this embodiment, the second of the first configured resource and the second configured resource may include: a second SSB different from the first SSB, wherein the active TCI state of the CORESET indicates that the second SSB is quasi-co-located with the active TCI state; or a CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state of the CORESET.

[0154] Example 2 includes the method according to Example 1 or some other embodiment of this document, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration that ends before the first time and the evaluation period having a second duration are both synchronous evaluation periods.

[0155] Example 3 includes the method according to Example 1 or some other embodiment of this document, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration that ends before the first time and the evaluation period having a second duration are both asynchronous evaluation periods.

[0156] Example 4 includes the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 3 or some other embodiment herein, wherein both the first configured resource and the second configured resource are configured for RLM.

[0157] Example 5 includes the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 3 or some other embodiment herein, wherein both the first configured resource and the second configured resource are configured for BFD, and the downlink radio link quality may be downlink beam quality.

[0158] Example 6 includes the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 5 or some other embodiment herein, wherein using an evaluation period having the second duration to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second configured resource may include dropping evaluation samples based on the first configured resource.

[0159] Example 7 includes the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 6 or some other embodiment herein, wherein using an evaluation period having the second duration to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second configured resource may include discarding evaluation samples obtained before the first time.

[0160] Example 8 includes a method of operating a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: for a first BFD-RS in a first resource configuration, evaluating the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS using an evaluation period having a first duration; at a first time, switching from the first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first resource configuration; for a second BFD-RS in the second resource configuration, evaluating the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS using an evaluation period having a second duration; and using a hybrid evaluation period to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS, wherein the hybrid evaluation period may begin before the first time and may end after the first time. In this embodiment, the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET may remain unchanged during the hybrid evaluation period, and the first BFD-RS may include a first CSI-RS. In this embodiment, the second BFD-RS may include either the first CSI-RS or the second CSI-RS, wherein the active TCI state of the CORESET may indicate that the second CSI-RS is quasi-co-located with the CORESET.

[0161] Example 9 includes the method according to Example 8 or some other embodiment of this document, wherein the second CSI-RS may include the first CSI-RS, and wherein the offset of the first CSI-RS before the first time may be different from the offset of the first CSI-RS after the first time, and / or the periodicity of the first CSI-RS before the first time may be different from the periodicity of the first CSI-RS after the first time.

[0162] Example 10 includes the method according to any one of Examples 8 to 9 or some other embodiment of this document, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and the evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period may both be synchronous evaluation periods.

[0163] Example 11 includes the method according to any one of Examples 8 to 9 or some other embodiment of this document, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and the evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period may be asynchronous evaluation periods.

[0164] Example 12 includes the method according to any one of Examples 8 to 11 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the method further includes using evaluation samples based on the first BFD-RS to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS.

[0165] Example 13 includes the method according to any one of Examples 8 to 12 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the method further includes using evaluation samples obtained before the first time to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS, and using evaluation samples obtained after the first time to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS.

[0166] Example 14 includes a method for operating a UE, the method comprising: evaluating downlink beam quality of a first BFD-RS in a first resource configuration using an evaluation period having a first duration; transitioning from the first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first configuration at a first time; and evaluating downlink beam quality of a second BFD-RS in the second resource configuration using an evaluation period having a second duration. In this embodiment, the evaluation period having the second duration may begin at the first time, and the transition may include changing the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET from a first TCI state to a second TCI state different from the first TCI state. The first BFD-RS may include a first CSI-RS, and the second BFD-RS may include a second CSI-RS different from the first CSI-RS.

[0167] Example 15 includes the method according to Example 14 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration that ends before the first time and the evaluation period having a second duration may both be synchronous evaluation periods.

[0168] Example 16 includes the method according to Example 14 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration that ends before the first time and the evaluation period having a second duration may be asynchronous evaluation periods.

[0169] Example 17 includes the method according to any one of Examples 14 to 16 or some other embodiment herein, wherein evaluating the downlink beam quality of the second configured resource using the evaluation period having the second duration may include discarding evaluation samples based on the first configured resource.

[0170] Example 18 includes a method of operating a UE, the method comprising: in a first DRX mode, evaluating downlink beam quality of BFD-RS using an evaluation period having a first duration; at a first time, switching from the first DRX mode to a second DRX mode different from the first DRX mode; and using a hybrid evaluation period to evaluate downlink beam quality of BFD-RS. In this embodiment, the hybrid evaluation period may begin before the first time and end after the first time, and the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET may remain unchanged during the hybrid evaluation period. In this embodiment, the DRX cycle periodicity of the first DRX mode may be different from that of the second DRX mode, or DRX may be active during a first of the first DRX mode and inactive during a second of the first DRX mode and the second DRX mode.

[0171] Example 19 includes the method according to Example 18 or some other embodiment of this document, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and the evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period may both be synchronous evaluation periods.

[0172] Example 20 includes the method according to Example 18 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and the evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period may be asynchronous evaluation periods.

[0173] Example 21 includes the method according to any one of Examples 18 to 20 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the method may further include using evaluation samples obtained prior to the first time to evaluate the downlink beam quality in the first DRX mode and the second DRX mode.

[0174] Example 22 includes a method of operating a UE, the method comprising: for a first configured resource in a first resource configuration, evaluating downlink radio link quality for the first configured resource using an evaluation period having a first duration; at a first time, transitioning from the first resource configuration to a second resource configuration different from the first resource configuration; and for a second configured resource in the second resource configuration, evaluating downlink radio link quality for the second configured resource using an evaluation period having a second duration. In this embodiment, the evaluation period having the second duration may begin at the first time. In this embodiment, the transition from the first resource configuration to the second resource configuration may include at least one of the following: a transition from a first SSB of the active TCI state QCL of the UE's CORESET to a second SSB of the active TCI state QCL; a transition from a first SSB of the active TCI state QCL of the UE's CORESET to a CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state of the CORESET; and a transition from a CSI-RS specified by the active TCI state of the UE's CORESET to a first SSB of the active TCI state QCL.

[0175] Example 23 includes the method according to Example 22 or some other embodiment herein, wherein both the first configured resource and the second configured resource can be configured for RLM.

[0176] Example 24 includes the method according to Example 22 or some other embodiment herein, wherein both the first configured resource and the second configured resource can be configured for BFD, and the downlink radio link quality can be downlink beam quality.

[0177] Example 25 includes the method according to any one of Examples 22 to 24 or some other embodiment herein, wherein using an evaluation period having the second duration to evaluate the downlink radio link quality of the second configured resource may include dropping evaluation samples based on the first configured resource.

[0178] Example 26 may include an apparatus comprising means for performing one or more elements of the method or process described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25 or any other method or process described herein.

[0179] Example 27 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform one or more elements of the method or any other method or process described herein according to any one of Examples 1 to 25 or related thereto.

[0180] Example 28 may include an apparatus comprising one or more elements of a logic component, module, or circuit for performing a method or process described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25 or any other method or process described herein.

[0181] Example 29 may include a method, technique, or process, or a part or component thereof, described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25.

[0182] Example 30 may include an apparatus comprising one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media, the one or more computer-readable media including instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method, technique, or process or part thereof according to or related to any one of Examples 1 to 25.

[0183] Example 31 may include a signal, or a portion thereof, described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25.

[0184] Example 32 may include datagrams, information, elements, packets, frames, segments, PDUs or messages, or portions or components thereof, as described or otherwise in this disclosure, according to any one of Examples 1 to 25.

[0185] Example 33 may include a signal encoded with data, or a portion or component thereof, as described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25, or otherwise described in this disclosure.

[0186] Example 34 may include a signal, or a portion or component thereof, encoded as a datagram, IE, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message, as described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25, or otherwise described in this disclosure.

[0187] Example 35 may include an electromagnetic signal carrying computer-readable instructions, wherein execution of the computer-readable instructions by one or more processors will cause the one or more processors to perform a method, technique, or process or part thereof as described or associated with any of Examples 1 to 25.

[0188] Example 36 may include a computer program comprising instructions, wherein execution of the program by a processing element will cause the processing element to perform a method, technique, or process or part thereof as described or associated with any one of Examples 1 to 25.

[0189] Example 37 may include signals in a wireless network as shown and described herein.

[0190] Example 38 may include methods for communicating in a wireless network as shown and described herein.

[0191] Example 39 may include a system for providing wireless communication as shown and described herein.

[0192] Example 40 may include a device for providing wireless communication as shown and described herein.

[0193] Unless otherwise expressly stated, any of the above embodiments may be combined with any other embodiment (or combination of embodiments). The foregoing description of one or more specific embodiments provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. In view of the teachings above, modifications and variations are possible, or modifications and variations may be obtained from the practice of various embodiments.

[0194] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, many variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the disclosure is fully understood. This disclosure is intended to render the following claims as encompassing all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE), comprising: Memory used to store the configuration of the control resource set CORESET; and Processing circuitry, coupled to the memory, is used for: Based on the first configuration of the CORESET active transmission configuration indicator TCI state, a first evaluation period is performed using a first evaluation period having a first duration for evaluating the downlink beam quality on the first beam fault detection reference signal BFD-RS present in the first configuration; At the first moment, the first configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET is changed to a second configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET that is different from the first configuration; After the first time, based on the second configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET, BFD is performed using a second evaluation period with a second duration for evaluating the downlink beam quality on the second BFD-RS present in the second configuration; as well as A hybrid evaluation period is used to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS, wherein the hybrid evaluation period begins before the first time and ends after the first time. The active TCI status of CORESET remains unchanged during the hybrid evaluation cycle, and The first BFD-RS includes a first Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the second BFD-RS includes either the first CSI-RS or the second CSI-RS, wherein the active TCI state of CORESET indicates that the second CSI-RS is quasi-co-located with the active TCI state.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the second CSI-RS comprises the first CSI-RS, and Wherein the offset of the first CSI-RS before the first time is different from the offset of the first CSI-RS after the first time, or the periodicity of the first CSI-RS before the first time is different from the periodicity of the first CSI-RS after the first time.

3. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the evaluation period having the first duration adjacent to the hybrid evaluation period and the evaluation period having the second duration adjacent to the hybrid evaluation period are both synchronous evaluation periods.

4. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the evaluation period having the first duration adjacent to the hybrid evaluation period and the evaluation period having the second duration adjacent to the hybrid evaluation period are both asynchronous evaluation periods.

5. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS using evaluation samples based on the first BFD-RS.

6. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS using evaluation samples obtained before the first time, and to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS using evaluation samples obtained after the first time.

7. A method for wireless communication, comprising: A first configuration based on the active transport configuration indicator (TCI) state of the control resource set (CORESET) is used to perform beam fault detection (BFD) within a first evaluation period having a first duration for evaluating the downlink beam quality on a first beam fault detection reference signal (BFD-RS) present in the first configuration. At the first moment, the first configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET is changed to a second configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET that is different from the first configuration; After the first time, based on the second configuration of the active TCI state of the CORESET, BFD is performed within a second evaluation period having a second duration for evaluating the downlink beam quality on the second BFD-RS present in the second configuration; as well as The downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS is evaluated within a hybrid evaluation period, wherein the hybrid evaluation period begins before the first time and ends after the first time. The active TCI status of CORESET remains unchanged during the hybrid evaluation cycle, and The first BFD-RS includes a first Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the second BFD-RS includes either the first CSI-RS or the second CSI-RS, wherein the active TCI state of CORESET indicates that the second CSI-RS is quasi-co-located with the active TCI state.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: For the first beam fault detection reference signal BFD-RS in the first configuration, an evaluation period with a first duration for evaluating the downlink beam quality on the first BFD-RS is used. For the second BFD-RS in the second configuration, an evaluation period with a second duration for evaluating the downlink beam quality on the second BFD-RS is used; A hybrid evaluation period is used to evaluate the downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS, wherein the hybrid evaluation period begins before the first time and ends after the first time. The active TCI status of CORESET remains unchanged during the hybrid evaluation cycle, and The first BFD-RS includes a first Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the second BFD-RS includes either the first CSI-RS or the second CSI-RS, wherein the active TCI state of CORESET indicates that the second CSI-RS is quasi-co-located with the active TCI state.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second CSI-RS comprises the first CSI-RS, and wherein the offset of the first CSI-RS before the first time is different from the offset of the first CSI-RS after the first time, or the periodicity of the first CSI-RS before the first time is different from the periodicity of the first CSI-RS after the first time.

10. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the evaluation period having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period and the evaluation period having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation period are both synchronous evaluation periods.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the evaluation cycle having a first duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation cycle and the evaluation cycle having a second duration adjacent to the mixed evaluation cycle are both asynchronous evaluation cycles.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, further comprising: The downlink beam quality is evaluated using evaluation samples based on the first BFD-RS and the second BFD-RS.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, further comprising: The downlink beam quality of the first BFD-RS is evaluated using evaluation samples obtained before the first time, and the downlink beam quality of the second BFD-RS is evaluated using evaluation samples obtained after the first time.

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