Method and apparatus for receiving PPDU in which data is copied in a wireless local area network system

Abstract

A method and apparatus for receiving a PPDU in a wireless LAN system are provided. Specifically, a receiving STA receives a PPDU from a transmitting STA via a first frequency band and decodes the PPDU. The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The first frequency band includes a first sub-block and a second sub-block. The data field includes first data for the first sub-block and second data for the second sub-block. The first data is generated based on data in which constellation mapping is performed on coded data bits. The second data is generated based on data obtained by replicating the first data and applying phase rotation to the data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present specification relates to a method for receiving a PPDU in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for receiving a PPDU in which data is copied. Background Art

[0002] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) are improved in various ways. For example, the IEEE 802.11ax standard proposes an improved communication environment using orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and downlink multi-user multiple input multiple output (DL MU MIMO) technology.

[0003] This specification proposes technical features that can be utilized in new communication standards. For example, the new communication standard may be the Extremely High Throughput (EHT) standard currently under discussion. The EHT standard may use newly proposed increased bandwidth, enhanced PHY layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structure, enhanced sequencing, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme, etc. The EHT standard may be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard.

[0004] In new wireless LAN standards, an increased number of spatial streams may be used. In this case, in order to properly use the increased number of spatial streams, it may be necessary to improve the signaling technology in the WLAN system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] This specification proposes a method and apparatus for receiving a PPDU in which data is duplicated in a wireless LAN system.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] An example of this specification proposes a method for receiving a PPDU in which data is duplicated.

[0009] This embodiment can be implemented in a network environment supporting a next-generation WLAN system (IEEE 802.11be or EHT WLAN system). The next-generation wireless LAN system is an enhanced WLAN system from the 802.11ax system and thus can meet backward compatibility with the 802.11ax system.

[0010] This embodiment proposes a method and apparatus for duplicating and transmitting data to increase the transmission range of an EHT PPDU. 802.11be wireless LAN systems can support low-power transmission using a 6 GHz broadband in indoor environments. Accordingly, to achieve more reliable performance, a method for repeatedly transmitting data in the frequency domain within an EHT PPDU is proposed.

[0011] A receiving station (STA) receives a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA through a first frequency band.

[0012] The receiving STA decodes the PPDU.

[0013] The PPDU may be an Extreme High Throughput (EHT) PPDU supporting an 802.11be wireless LAN system. The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes the Legacy Short Training Field (L-STF), the Legacy Long Training Field (L-LTF), the Legacy Signal (L-SIG), the Universal Signal (U-SIG), the EHT-SIG, the EHT-STF, and the EHT-LTF.

[0014] The first frequency band includes a first sub-block and a second sub-block. The data field includes first data for the first sub-block and second data for the second sub-block. The first data is generated based on data obtained by performing constellation mapping on the encoded data bits. The second data is generated based on data obtained by copying the first data and applying phase rotation thereto.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] According to the embodiments proposed in this specification, by dividing the entire frequency band used to transmit PPDUs into sub-blocks and repeatedly transmitting data for each sub-block, reliable performance can be achieved even for longer-distance transmission. As a result, the transmission range of the transmitter's PPDU is increased, improving overall performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This shows an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device in this specification.

[0018] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0019] Figure 3 Diagram illustrates the general link setup process.

[0020] Figure 4 An example of PPDU used in the IEEE standard is illustrated.

[0021] Figure 5The diagram shows the layout of resource units (RUs) used in a 20 MHz frequency band.

[0022] Figure 6 The diagram shows the layout of resource units (RUs) used in a 40 MHz frequency band.

[0023] Figure 7 The diagram shows the layout of resource units (RUs) used in an 80 MHz frequency band.

[0024] Figure 8 The structure of the HE-SIG-B field is shown.

[0025] Figure 9 The diagram shows an example of allocating multiple user STAs to the same RU through the MU-MIMO solution.

[0026] Figure 10 An example of a PPDU used in this specification is illustrated.

[0027] Figure 11 An example of a modified transmitting device and / or receiving device of the present specification is illustrated.

[0028] Figure 12 An example of a PHY transmission procedure for a HE SU PPDU is shown.

[0029] Figure 13 An example of a block diagram of a transmitter that generates the data field of an HE PPDU using BCC encoding is shown.

[0030] Figure 14 An example of a block diagram of a transmitter that generates the data field of an HE PPDU using LDPC coding is shown.

[0031] Figure 15 An example is shown in which data is duplicated for every 40 MHz when transmitting an 80 MHz PPDU.

[0032] Figure 16 A block diagram illustrating the data field of a SU PPDU in a 160 MHz transmission using LDPC is shown.

[0033] Figure 17 An example of MU OFDMA duplicate transmission is shown.

[0034] Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0035] Figure 19 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the receiving apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0036] Figure 20: is a flowchart illustrating a process in which a transmitting STA transmits a PPDU according to this embodiment.

[0037] Figure 21 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which a receiving STA receives a PPDU according to the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In this specification, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, in this specification, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in this specification, "A, B, or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B, and C."

[0039] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0040] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in this specification, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

[0041] In addition, in this specification, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.” In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”

[0042] In addition, brackets used in this specification may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (EHT-signal)", it may mean that "EHT-signal" is proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "EHT-signal," and "EHT-signal" can be proposed as an example of "control information." In addition, when indicated as "control information (i.e., EHT-signal)", it may also mean that "EHT-signal" is proposed as an example of "control information."

[0043] Technical features described separately in one drawing of this specification may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

[0044] The following examples of this specification can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of this specification can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. For example, this specification can be applied to IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac standards or IEEE 802.11ax standards. In addition, this specification can also be applied to the newly proposed EHT standard or IEEE 802.11be standard. In addition, the examples of this specification can also be applied to new WLAN standards enhanced from the EHT standard or IEEE 802.11be standard. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to mobile communication systems. For example, it can be applied to long term evolution (LTE) based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard and a mobile communication system based on the evolution of LTE. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to a communication system based on the 5G NR standard of the 3GPP standard.

[0045] Hereinafter, in order to describe the technical features of the present specification, technical features applicable to the present specification will be described.

[0046] Figure 1 This shows an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device in this specification.

[0047] exist Figure 1 In the example, various technical features described below can be performed. Figure 1 At least one station (STA) is involved. For example, the STAs 110 and 120 in this specification may also be referred to by various terms such as mobile terminals, wireless devices, wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs), user equipment (UEs), mobile stations (MSs), mobile subscriber units, or simply users. The STAs 110 and 120 in this specification may also be referred to by various terms such as networks, base stations, Node Bs, access points (APs), repeaters, routers, and relays. The STAs 110 and 120 in this specification may also be referred to by various names such as receiving devices, transmitting devices, receiving STAs, transmitting STAs, receiving devices, and transmitting devices.

[0048] For example, the STAs 110 and 120 may function as APs or non-APs. That is, the STAs 110 and 120 of this specification may function as APs and / or non-APs.

[0049] In addition to the IEEE 802.11 standard, the STAs 110 and 120 of this specification can support various communication standards. For example, communication standards based on 3GPP standards (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standards) can be supported. In addition, the STAs of this specification can be implemented as various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. In addition, the STAs of this specification can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communications, and self-driving (autonomous driving).

[0050] The STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may include a medium access control (MAC) compliant with the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface for a radio medium.

[0051] The following will refer to Figure 1 STAs 110 and 120 are described in sub-figure (a) of FIG.

[0052] The first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113. The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may be individually implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented by a single chip.

[0053] The transceiver 113 of the first STA performs signal transmission / reception operations, and specifically, can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0054] For example, the first STA 110 may perform operations expected by the AP. For example, the AP's processor 111 may receive signals via the transceiver 113, process the received (RX) signals, generate transmitted (TX) signals, and provide control over signal transmission. The AP's memory 112 may store signals received via the transceiver 113 (e.g., RX signals) and may store signals to be transmitted via the transceiver (e.g., TX signals).

[0055] For example, the second STA 120 can perform operations expected by a non-AP STA. For example, the non-AP transceiver 123 can perform signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be packets, etc.).

[0056] For example, the processor 121 of the non-AP STA may receive a signal through the transceiver 123, process the RX signal, generate a TX signal, and provide control for signal transmission. The memory 122 of the non-AP STA may store a signal (e.g., an RX signal) received through the transceiver 123 and may store a signal (e.g., a TX signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.

[0057] For example, the operation of a device indicated as an AP in the following description may be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For example, if the first STA 110 is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as the AP may be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or the AP's TX / RX signals may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110. In addition, if the second STA 120 is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as the AP may be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or the AP's TX / RX signals may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.

[0058] For example, in the following description, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP (or user STA) may be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For example, if the second STA 120 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as the non-AP may be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the TX / RX signal of the non-AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120. For example, if the first STA 110 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as the non-AP may be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the TX / RX signal of the non-AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.

[0059] In the following description, devices referred to as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. may imply Figure 1 For example, devices indicated as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. (but without specific numbers) may imply Figure 1 For example, in the following example, the operations of various STAs transmitting / receiving signals (eg, PPDU) may be performed in Figure 1 In addition, in the following examples, the operations of various STAs generating TX / RX signals or performing data processing and calculations in advance for TX / RX signals can be performed in Figure 1 11 and 121. For example, examples of operations for generating TX / RX signals or performing data processing and calculation in advance may include: 1) determining / obtaining / configuring / calculating / decoding / encoding bit information of subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 2) determining / configuring / obtaining time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 3) determining / configuring / obtaining a specific sequence (e.g., a pilot sequence, an STF / LTF sequence, an additional sequence applied to the SIG) for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 4) power control operations and / or power saving operations applied to STAs; and 5) operations related to determining / obtaining / configuring / decoding / encoding of ACK signals. In addition, in the following examples, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / encode TX / RX signals may be stored in Figure 1 in memories 112 and 122 .

[0060] Figure 1 The aforementioned device / STA of sub-graph (a) can be as follows Figure 1 In the following, we will modify the Figure 1 Sub-figure (b) of FIG. 1 is used to describe STA 110 and STA 120 of this specification.

[0061] For example, Figure 1The transceivers 113 and 123 shown in the sub-diagram (b) can perform the same Figure 1 The same functions as the aforementioned transceiver shown in sub-figure (a) of FIG. Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) may include processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122 . Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in the sub-diagram (b) of FIG. Figure 1 The aforementioned processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122 shown in sub-Figure (a) have the same functions.

[0062] The mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, user, user STA, network, base station, Node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, receiving unit, transmitting unit, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving apparatus and / or transmitting apparatus described below may mean Figure 1 STA110 and 120 shown in sub-figure (a) / (b) of Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-figure (b) of FIG. In other words, the technical features of this specification can be Figure 1 The STA 110 and 120 shown in the sub-figures (a) / (b) of FIG. 110 and 120 may be executed only in Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-figure (b) of FIG. Figure 1 For example, the technical feature of sending a control signal from a STA can be understood as the transceiver 113 and 123 shown in the sub-figure (a) / (b) of FIG. Figure 1 The transceiver 113 shown in the sub-figures (a) / (b) of FIG. Figure 1 Alternatively, the technical feature of the control signal generated by the processors 111 and 121 illustrated in the sub-figures (a) / (b) of FIG. 1 may be understood as the technical feature of the control signal generated by the processors 111 and 121. Figure 1 The technical features of the processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) of FIG. 10 are those for generating control signals to be transmitted to the transceivers 113 and 123 .

[0063] For example, the technical feature of receiving the control signal by the receiving STA can be understood as Figure 1 Alternatively, the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal can be understood as the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal through Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 shown in the sub-diagram (a) of Figure 1Alternatively, the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal can be understood as the technical feature of the control signal received by the transceiver 113 and 123 shown in the sub-figure (a) of FIG. Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-graph (b) of FIG. Figure 1 Technical characteristics of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-figure (b).

[0064] refer to Figure 1 , software codes 115 and 125 may be included in memories 112 and 122. The software codes 115 and 125 may include instructions for controlling operations of the processors 111 and 121. The software codes 115 and 125 may be included as various programming languages.

[0065] Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may include application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits and / or data processing devices. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example, Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may include at least one of the following: a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modulator and demodulator (modem). For example, Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may be composed of SNAPDRAGONTM series processors manufactured by EXYNOSTM series processors manufactured by A series processors manufactured by HELIOTM series processors manufactured by ATOMTM series processors manufactured by or enhanced from these processors.

[0066] In this specification, the uplink may refer to a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an SP STA, and uplink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc. may be transmitted through the uplink. In addition, in this specification, the downlink may refer to a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc. may be transmitted through the downlink.

[0067] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0068] Figure 2The upper portion of the diagram illustrates the structure of an infrastructure basic service set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0069] refer to Figure 2 The wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSSs 200 and 205 (hereinafter referred to as BSSs). BSSs 200 and 205, which are a collection of APs and STAs (e.g., access point (AP) 225 and station (STA1) 200-1) that have successfully synchronized to communicate with each other, do not represent a specific area. BSS 205 may include one or more STAs 205-1 and 205-2 that can join one AP 230.

[0070] The BSS may include at least one STA, an AP providing a distributed service, and a distribution system (DS) 210 connecting a plurality of APs.

[0071] The distribution system 210 may implement an extended service set (ESS) 240 that is extended by connecting a plurality of BSSs 200 and 205. The ESS 240 may be used as a term indicating one network configured by connecting one or more APs 225 or 230 via the distribution system 210. APs included in one ESS 240 may have the same service set identifier (SSID).

[0072] The portal 220 may serve as a bridge connecting a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) and another network (eg, 802.X).

[0073] exist Figure 2 In the BSS shown in the upper portion of FIG, a network between APs 225 and 230 and a network between APs 225 and 230 and STAs 200-1, 205-1, and 205-2 can be implemented. However, a network can be configured between STAs to perform communication even without APs 225 and 230. A network that performs communication by configuring a network between STAs even without APs 225 and 230 is defined as an ad hoc network or an independent basic service set (IBSS).

[0074] Figure 2 The lower part of the diagram shows a conceptual diagram illustrating IBSS.

[0075] refer to Figure 2The IBSS is a BSS operating in self-organizing mode. Because the IBSS does not include an access point (AP), there is no centralized management entity that performs management functions. That is, in the IBSS, STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 can be mobile STAs and are not allowed to access the DS, forming a self-contained network.

[0076] Figure 3 The figure shows the general link establishment process.

[0077] In S310, the STA may perform a network discovery operation. The network discovery operation may include a scanning operation by the STA. That is, in order to access a network, the STA needs to discover participating networks. Before joining a wireless network, the STA needs to identify compatible networks. The process of identifying networks in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0078] Figure 3 The diagram shows a network discovery operation including an active scanning process. In active scanning, the STA performing the scan sends a probe request frame and waits for a response to the probe request frame in order to identify which AP is around while moving to a channel. The responder sends a probe response frame to the STA that has sent the probe request frame as a response to the probe request frame. Here, the responder may be the STA that sent the last beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned. In the BSS, since the AP sends the beacon frame, the AP is the responder. In the IBSS, since the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames, the responder is not fixed. For example, when a STA sends a probe request frame via channel 1 and receives a probe response frame via channel 1, the STA may store the BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame, may move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2), and may perform scanning by the same method (e.g., sending a probe request and receiving a probe response via channel 2).

[0079] although Figure 3Not shown in the figure, scanning can be performed by a passive scanning method. In passive scanning, the STA performing the scan can wait for a beacon frame while moving to a channel. The beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11 and is periodically sent to indicate the existence of a wireless network and enable the STA performing the scan to find the wireless network and join the wireless network. In the BSS, the AP is used to periodically send beacon frames. In the IBSS, the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. Upon receiving the beacon frame, the STA performing the scan stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and records the beacon frame information in each channel while moving to another channel. The STA that receives the beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, can move to the next channel, and can perform scanning in the next channel by the same method.

[0080] After discovering the network, the STA may perform an authentication process in S320. This authentication process may be referred to as the first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the subsequent security establishment operation in S340. The authentication process in S320 may include a process in which the STA sends an authentication request frame to the AP, and the AP sends an authentication response frame to the STA in response. The authentication frames used for authentication requests / responses are management frames.

[0081] The authentication frame may include information about an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a robust security network (RSN), and a limited round-robin group.

[0082] The STA may send an authentication request frame to the AP. The AP may determine whether to allow authentication of the STA based on the information included in the received authentication request frame. The AP may provide the authentication process result to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0083] When the STA is successfully authenticated, the STA may perform an association process in S330. The association process includes a process in which the STA sends an association request frame to the AP and the AP sends an association response frame to the STA in response. For example, the association request frame may include information about various capabilities, a beacon listening interval, a service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobility domain, supported operation category, a traffic indication map (TIM) broadcast request, and interworking service capabilities. For example, the association response frame may include information about various capabilities, a status code, an association ID (AID), supported rates, an enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, a received channel power indicator (RCPI), a received signal-to-noise ratio indicator (RSNI), a mobility domain, a timeout interval (association recovery time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, a TIM broadcast response, and a QoS map.

[0084] In S340, the STA may perform a security establishment process. The security establishment process in S340 may include a process of establishing a private key through a four-way handshake (eg, through an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame).

[0085] Figure 4 An example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard is shown.

[0086] As shown, various types of PHY protocol data units (PPDUs) are used in the IEEE a / g / n / ac standards. Specifically, LTF and STF include training signals, SIG-A and SIG-B include control information for receiving STAs, and the data field includes user data corresponding to PSDU (MAC PDU / aggregated MAC PDU).

[0087] Figure 4 An example of HE PPDU according to IEEE 802.11ax is also included. Figure 4 The HE PPDU is an exemplary PPDU for multiple users. The HE-SIG-B may be included only in the PPDU for multiple users and may be omitted in the PPDU for a single user.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, the HE-PPDU for multiple users (MUs) may include a legacy short training field (L-STF), a legacy long training field (L-LTF), a legacy signal (L-SIG), a high-efficiency signal A (HE-SIG A), a high-efficiency signal B (HE-SIG B), a high-efficiency short training field (HE-STF), a high-efficiency long training field (HE-LTF), a data field (alternatively, a MAC payload), and a packet extension (PE) field. Each field may be transmitted within the time period shown (i.e., 4 or 8 μs).

[0089] The following describes a resource unit (RU) used for a PPDU. A RU can include multiple subcarriers (or tones). A RU can be used to transmit signals to multiple STAs using OFDMA. Furthermore, a RU can be defined as transmitting signals to a single STA. A RU can be used for the STF, LTF, data field, and more.

[0090] Figure 5 The diagram shows the layout of resource units (RUs) used in a 20 MHz frequency band.

[0091] like Figure 5As shown, resource units (RUs) corresponding to different numbers of tones (i.e., subcarriers) can be used to form some fields of the HE-PPDU. For example, resources can be allocated for the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields in the RU shown.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown in the uppermost portion of FIG, 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones) can be arranged. Six tones can be used for a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones can be used for a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band. In addition, seven DC tones can be inserted in the center band (i.e., the DC band), and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones on each side of the left and right sides of the DC band can be arranged. 26 units, 52 units, and 106 units can be allocated to other frequency bands. Each unit can be allocated to a receiving STA (i.e., a user).

[0093] Figure 5 The layout of the RU in can be used not only for multiple users (MU) but also for single users (SU), in which case one 242 unit can be used and three DC tones can be inserted, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown at the bottom.

[0094] although Figure 5 RUs of various sizes are proposed, namely, 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, but RUs of a particular size may be expanded or increased. Therefore, the present embodiment is not limited to a particular size of each RU (ie, the number of corresponding tones).

[0095] Figure 6 The figure shows the layout of RUs used in the 40 MHz frequency band.

[0096] Similar to using RUs with various sizes Figure 5 ,exist Figure 6 In the example, 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, etc. can be used. In addition, five DC tones can be inserted in the center frequency, 12 tones can be used for a guard band in the leftmost band of the 40 MHz band, and 11 tones can be used for a guard band in the rightmost band of the 40 MHz band.

[0097] like Figure 6 As shown, when the RU layout is used for a single user, 484-RU can be used. The specific number of RUs can be similar to Figure 5 Change.

[0098] Figure 7 The figure shows the layout of RUs used in the 80 MHz frequency band.

[0099] Similar to using RUs with various sizes Figure 5 and Figure 6 ,exist Figure 7 Examples of the 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, 996-RU, and the like can be used. Furthermore, seven DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency, 12 tones can be used for a guard band in the leftmost band of the 80 MHz band, and 11 tones can be used for a guard band in the rightmost band of the 80 MHz band. Furthermore, a 26-RU can be used, corresponding to 13 tones on each side of the DC band.

[0100] like Figure 7 As shown, when the RU layout is for a single user, a 996-RU can be used, in which case five DC tones can be inserted.

[0101] The RUs described in this specification can be used in uplink (UL) communication and downlink (DL) communication. For example, when performing UL-MU communication requested by a trigger frame, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can allocate a first RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the first STA through the trigger frame, and can allocate a second RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the second STA. Thereafter, the first STA can send a first triggered-based PPDU based on the first RU, and the second STA can send a second triggered-based PPDU based on the second RU. The first / second triggered-based PPDUs are sent to the AP in the same (or overlapping) time period.

[0102] For example, when configuring a DL MU PPDU, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) may allocate a first RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the first STA and a second RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the second STA. That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) may transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields for the first STA in the first RU of one MU PPDU, and may transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields for the second STA in the second RU.

[0103] Information about the layout of RUs may be signaled via HE-SIG-B.

[0104] Figure 8 The structure of the HE-SIG-B field is shown.

[0105] As shown, the HE-SIG-B field 810 includes a common field 820 and a user-specific field 830. The common field 820 may include information that is commonly applied to all users (i.e., user STAs) receiving the SIG-B. The user-specific field 830 may be referred to as a user-specific control field. When the SIG-B is transmitted to multiple users, the user-specific field 830 may apply only to any one of the multiple users.

[0106] like Figure 8 As shown, the common field 820 and the user-specific field 830 may be encoded separately.

[0107] The common field 820 may include N*8 bits of RU allocation information. For example, the RU allocation information may include information related to the location of the RU. For example, when Figure 5 When a 20 MHz channel is used as shown, the RU allocation information may include information about a specific frequency band where a specific RU (26-RU / 52-RU / 106-RU) is arranged.

[0108] An example of a case where the RU allocation information consists of 8 bits is as follows.

[0109] [Table 1]

[0110]

[0111] like Figure 5 As shown in the example of , up to nine 26-RUs can be allocated to a 20 MHz channel. When the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set to "00000000" as shown in Table 1, nine 26-RUs can be allocated to the corresponding channel (i.e., 20 MHz). In addition, when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set to "00000001" as shown in Table 1, seven 26-RUs and one 52-RU are arranged in the corresponding channel. That is, in Figure 5 In the example of , a 52-RU can be allocated to the far right, and seven 26-RUs can be allocated to its left.

[0112] The example in Table 1 shows only some RU positions where RU allocation information can be displayed.

[0113] For example, the RU allocation information may include the example in Table 2 below.

[0114] [Table 2]

[0115]

[0116] "01000y2y1y0" refers to an example in which a 106-RU is allocated to the leftmost side of a 20 MHz channel and five 26-RUs are allocated to the right thereof. In this case, multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) can be allocated to the 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO scheme. Specifically, up to eight STAs (e.g., user STAs) can be allocated to the 106-RU, and the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) allocated to the 106-RU is determined based on the 3-bit information (y2y1y0). For example, when the 3-bit information (y2y1y0) is set to N, the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) allocated to the 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO scheme can be N+1.

[0117] Typically, multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) that are different from each other can be assigned to multiple RUs. However, multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) can be assigned to one or more RUs of at least a specific size (e.g., 106 subcarriers) based on the MU-MIMO scheme.

[0118] like Figure 8 As shown, the user-specific field 830 may include multiple user fields. As described above, the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) assigned to a specific channel may be determined based on the RU allocation information of the common field 820. For example, when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is "00000000", one user STA may be assigned to each of the nine 26-RUs (e.g., nine user STAs may be assigned). That is, up to nine user STAs may be assigned to a specific channel using the OFDMA scheme. In other words, up to nine user STAs may be assigned to a specific channel using a non-MU-MIMO scheme.

[0119] For example, when RU allocation is set to "01000y2y1y0", multiple STAs can be allocated to the 106-RU arranged on the leftmost side by the MU-MIMO scheme, and five user STAs can be allocated to the five 26-RUs arranged on its right side by the non-MU MIMO scheme. Figure 9 .

[0120] Figure 9 This figure illustrates an example of allocating multiple user STAs to the same RU through the MU-MIMO scheme.

[0121] For example, when Figure 9When the RU allocation is set to "01000010," a 106-RU can be allocated to the leftmost side of a specific channel, and five 26-RUs can be allocated to its right. Furthermore, three user STAs can be allocated to the 106-RU using the MU-MIMO scheme. Consequently, since eight user STAs are allocated, the user-specific field 830 of the HE-SIG-B can include eight user fields.

[0122] Eight user fields can be pressed Figure 9 In addition, as Figure 8 As shown, two user fields can be implemented using one user block field.

[0123] Figure 8 and Figure 9 The user field shown can be configured based on two formats. That is, the user field related to the MU-MIMO scheme can be configured in the first format, and the user field related to the non-MIMO scheme can be configured in the second format. Figure 9 For example, User Field 1 to User Field 3 may be based on the first format, and User Field 4 to User Field 8 may be based on the second format. The first format or the second format may include bit information of the same length (eg, 21 bits).

[0124] Each user field may have the same size (eg, 21 bits).For example, the user field of the first format (first MU-MIMO scheme) may be configured as follows.

[0125] For example, the first bits (i.e., B0-B10) in the user field (i.e., 21 bits) may include identification information (e.g., STA-ID, partial AID, etc.) of the user STA that allocates the corresponding user field. In addition, the second bits (i.e., B11-B14) in the user field (i.e., 21 bits) may include information related to the spatial configuration.

[0126] In addition, the third bit (ie, B15-18) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may include modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information. The MCS information may be applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.

[0127] As used herein, MCS, MCS information, MCS index, MCS field, etc. may be indicated by an index value. For example, MCS information may be indicated by indexes 0 to 11. MCS information may include information related to constellation modulation types (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, 1024-QAM, etc.) and information related to coding rates (e.g., 1 / 2, 2 / 3, 3 / 4, 5 / 6e, etc.). Information related to channel coding types (e.g., LCC or LDPC) may not be included in the MCS information.

[0128] In addition, the fourth bit (ie, B19) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may be a reserved field.

[0129] In addition, the fifth bit (i.e., B20) in the user field (i.e., 21 bits) may include information related to the coding type (e.g., BCC or LDPC). That is, the fifth bit (i.e., B20) may include information related to the channel coding type (e.g., BCC or LDPC) applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.

[0130] The above example relates to a user field in the first format (a format for the MU-MIMO scheme). An example of a user field in the second format (a format for a non-MU-MIMO scheme) is as follows.

[0131] The first bit (e.g., B0-B10) in the user field of the second format may include identification information of the user STA. In addition, the second bit (e.g., B11-B13) in the user field of the second format may include information related to the number of spatial streams applied to the corresponding RU. In addition, the third bit (e.g., B14) in the user field of the second format may include information related to whether a beamforming steering matrix is ​​applied. The fourth bit (e.g., B15-B18) in the user field of the second format may include modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information. In addition, the fifth bit (e.g., B19) in the user field of the second format may include information related to whether dual carrier modulation (DCM) is applied. In addition, the sixth bit (i.e., B20) in the user field of the second format may include information related to the coding type (e.g., BCC or LDPC).

[0132] Hereinafter, the PPDU transmitted / received in the STA of this specification will be described.

[0133] Figure 10 This figure shows an example of a PPDU used in this specification.

[0134] Figure 10The PPDU of the present invention may be referred to by various terms such as EHT PPDU, TX PPDU, RX PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU, etc. For example, in this specification, PPDU or EHT PPDU may be referred to by various terms such as TX PPDU, RX PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU, etc. In addition, the EHT PPDU may be used in the EHT system and / or a new WLAN system enhanced from the EHT system.

[0135] Figure 10 The PPDU may indicate all or part of the PPDU type used in the EHT system. For example, Figure 10 The example of can be used for both single user (SU) mode and multi user (MU) mode. In other words, Figure 10 The PPDU may be for one receiving STA or multiple receiving STAs. Figure 10 When the PPDU is used in trigger-based (TB) mode, it can be omitted Figure 10 In other words, a STA that has received a trigger frame for uplink MU (UL-MU) may send an EHT-SIG in Figure 10 In the example, the PPDU of EHT-SIG is omitted.

[0136] exist Figure 10 In the physical layer, L-STF to EHT-LTF may be referred to as a preamble or a physical preamble and may be generated / sent / received / obtained / decoded in the physical layer.

[0137] You can Figure 10 The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields is determined to be 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields can be determined to be 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields can be expressed in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields can be expressed in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0138] exist Figure 10 In the PPDU of the IEEE 802.11a PPDU, the L-LTF and L-STF can be the same as those in the regular fields.

[0139] Figure 10The L-SIG field may include, for example, 24 bits of information. For example, the 24 bits of information may include a 4-bit rate field, a 1-bit reserved bit, a 12-bit length field, a 1-bit parity bit, and 6-bit tail bits. For example, the 12-bit length field may include information related to the length or duration of the PPDU. For example, the 12-bit length field may be determined based on the PPDU type. For example, when the PPDU is a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, or EHT PPDU, the length field value may be determined as a multiple of 3. For example, when the PPDU is an HE PPDU, the length field value may be determined as "a multiple of 3" + 1 or "a multiple of 3" + 2. In other words, for a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, or EHT PPDU, the length field value may be determined as a multiple of 3, and for an HE PPDU, the length field value may be determined as "a multiple of 3" + 1 or "a multiple of 3" + 2.

[0140] For example, the transmitting STA may apply BCC coding based on a 1 / 2 coding rate to the 24-bit information of the L-SIG field. Thereafter, the transmitting STA may obtain 48 bits of BCC coded bits. BPSK modulation may be applied to the 48-bit coded bits, thereby generating 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA may map the 48 BPSK symbols to locations other than the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier indices -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols may be mapped to subcarrier indices -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA may additionally map the signal {-1, -1, -1, 1} to subcarrier indices {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The aforementioned signal may be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0141] The transmitting STA can generate the RL-SIG in the same manner as the L-SIG. BPSK modulation can be applied to the RL-SIG. Based on the presence of the RL-SIG, the receiving STA can know whether the RX PPDU is a HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU.

[0142] Universal SIG (U-SIG) can be inserted in Figure 10 The U-SIG can be referred to by various terms such as first SIG field, first SIG, first type SIG, control signal, control signal field, first (type) control signal, etc.

[0143] The U-SIG may include N bits of information and may include information for identifying the type of the EHT PPDU. For example, the U-SIG may be configured based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol used for the U-SIG (e.g., OFDM symbol) may have a duration of 4 μs. Each symbol of the U-SIG may be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of the U-SIG may be transmitted / received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0144] Through the U-SIG (or U-SIG field), for example, A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted. The first symbol of the U-SIG can transmit the first X bits of information of the A-bit information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits), and the second symbol of the U-SIG can transmit the remaining Y bits of information of the A-bit information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits). For example, the transmitting STA can obtain the 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA can perform convolutional encoding (i.e., BCC encoding) based on a rate of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and can perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA can perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols to be allocated to each U-SIG symbol. Except for DC index 0, one U-SIG symbol can be transmitted based on 65 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA may be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) excluding the pilot tones, ie, tones -21, -7, +7, +21.

[0145] For example, the A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) generated by the U-SIG may include a CRC field (e.g., a field with a length of 4 bits) and a tail field (e.g., a field with a length of 6 bits). The CRC field and the tail field may be transmitted through the second symbol of the U-SIG. The CRC field may be generated based on the 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of the U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits in the second symbol excluding the CRC / tail field, and may be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. In addition, the tail field may be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and may be set to, for example, "000000".

[0146] The A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by the U-SIG (or U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, the version-independent bits can have a fixed or variable size. For example, the version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of the U-SIG, or the version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first and second symbols of the U-SIG. For example, the version-independent bits and the version-dependent bits can be referred to by various terms such as first control bits, second control bits, etc.

[0147] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the TX / RX PPDU. For example, a first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU. In other words, when a transmitting STA transmits an EHT PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may be set to the first value. In other words, a receiving STA may determine that the RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the first value.

[0148] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL Flag field, wherein a first value of the 1-bit UL / DL Flag field is associated with UL communication, and a second value of the UL / DL Flag field is associated with DL communication.

[0149] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include information related to the TXOP length and information related to the BSS color ID.

[0150] For example, when the EHT PPDU is divided into various types (for example, various types such as EHT PPDU related to SU mode, EHT PPDU related to MU mode, EHT PPDU related to TB mode, EHT PPDU related to extended range transmission, etc.), information related to the type of the EHT PPDU may be included in the version-related bit of the U-SIG.

[0151] For example, the U-SIG may include: 1) a bandwidth field including information related to the bandwidth; 2) a field including information related to the MCS scheme applied to the EHT-SIG; 3) an indication field including information related to whether the dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) scheme is applied to the EHT-SIG; 4) a field including information related to the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG; 5) a field including information related to whether the EHT-SIG is generated across the entire frequency band; 6) a field including information related to the type of the EHT-LTF / STF; and 7) information related to a field indicating the EHT-LTF length and the CP length.

[0152] Can Figure 10 Preamble puncturing is applied to the PPDU. Preamble puncturing means that puncturing is applied to a portion of the full frequency band (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz frequency band). For example, when transmitting an 80 MHz PPDU, the STA may apply puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz frequency band within the 80 MHz frequency band and may transmit the PPDU only on the primary 20 MHz frequency band and the secondary 40 MHz frequency band.

[0153] For example, the pattern of the preamble puncture can be preconfigured. For example, when the first puncture pattern is applied, puncture can be applied only to the auxiliary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the second puncture pattern is applied, puncture can be applied only to any one of the two auxiliary 20 MHz bands in the auxiliary 40 MHz band included in the 80 MHz band. For example, when the third puncture pattern is applied, puncture can be applied only to the auxiliary 20 MHz band in the main 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when the fourth puncture pattern is applied, puncture can be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the main 40 MHz band in the 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) when the main 40 MHz band exists.

[0154] Information related to preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or EHT-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information related to the contiguous bandwidth, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU.

[0155] For example, based on the following method, the U-SIG and the EHT-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture. When the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, the U-SIG can be configured separately in units of 80 MHz. For example, when the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU may include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG may include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern). In addition, the first field of the second U-SIG may include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern). At the same time, the EHT-SIG continuous with the first U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern), and the EHT-SIG continuous with the second U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern).

[0156] Additionally or alternatively, the U-SIG and EHT-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing based on the following method. The U-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing for all frequency bands (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern). That is, the EHT-SIG may not include information related to preamble puncturing, and only the U-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern).

[0157] The U-SIG can be configured in 20MHz units. For example, when an 80MHz PPDU is configured, the U-SIG can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included in an 80MHz PPDU. PPDUs with bandwidth exceeding 80MHz can include different U-SIGs.

[0158] Figure 10 The EHT-SIG in the U-SIG may include control information for receiving STAs. The EHT-SIG may be transmitted through at least one symbol, and one symbol may have a length of 4 μs. Information related to the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG may be included in the U-SIG.

[0159] EHT-SIG may include reference Figure 8 and Figure 9For example, the EHT-SIG may include the following: Figure 8 The common field and the user-specific field in the example of . The common field of EHT-SIG can be omitted, and the number of user-specific fields can be determined based on the number of users.

[0160] As in Figure 8 In the example of , the common field of EHT-SIG and the user-specific field of EHT-SIG can be encoded separately. One user block field included in the user-specific field can include information for two users, but the last user block field included in the user-specific field can include information for one user. That is, one user block field of EHT-SIG can include up to two user fields. Figure 9 In the example of , each user field may be associated with a MU-MIMO allocation or may be associated with a non-MU-MIMO allocation.

[0161] As in Figure 8 In the example of , the common field of the EHT-SIG may include CRC bits and tail bits. The length of the CRC bits may be determined to be 4 bits. The length of the tail bits may be determined to be 6 bits and may be set to "000000".

[0162] As in Figure 8 In the example of , the common field of EHT-SIG may include RU allocation information. RU allocation information may mean information related to the positions of RUs to which multiple users (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) are allocated. RU allocation information may be configured in units of 8 bits (or N bits), as shown in Table 1.

[0163] A mode in which the common fields of the EHT-SIG are omitted may be supported. The mode in which the common fields of the EHT-SIG are omitted may be referred to as compressed mode. When compressed mode is used, multiple users (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) may decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) based on non-OFDMA. That is, multiple users of the EHT PPDU may decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) received via the same frequency band. In addition, when non-compressed mode is used, multiple users of the EHT PPDU may decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) based on OFDMA. That is, multiple users of the EHT PPDU may receive the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) via different frequency bands.

[0164] The EHT-SIG can be configured based on various MCS schemes. As described above, information related to the MCS scheme applied to the EHT-SIG can be included in the U-SIG. The EHT-SIG can be configured based on the DCM scheme. For example, among the N data tones (e.g., 52 data tones) allocated for the EHT-SIG, a first modulation scheme can be applied to the consecutive half tones, and a second modulation scheme can be applied to the consecutive remaining half tones. That is, the transmitting STA can use the first modulation scheme to modulate specific control information into a first symbol and assign it to the consecutive half tones, and can use the second modulation scheme to modulate the same control information into a second symbol and assign it to the consecutive remaining half tones. As described above, information (e.g., a 1-bit field) about whether the DCM scheme is applied to the EHT-SIG can be included in the U-SIG. Figure 10 The HE-STF can be used to improve automatic gain control estimation in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) environment or an OFDMA environment. Figure 10 The EHT-LTF can be used to estimate channels in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.

[0165] Information related to the type of STF and / or LTF (including information related to the GI applied to the LTF) may be included in Figure 10 SIG-A field and / or SIG-B field, etc.

[0166] Can be based on Figure 5 and Figure 6 Example to configure Figure 10 PPDU (e.g., EHT-PPDU).

[0167] For example, based on Figure 5 The RU of the UE is configured to send an EHT PPDU on the 20MHz band, i.e., a 20MHz EHT PPDU. Figure 5 The positions of RUs that determine the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the EHT PPDU are shown in FIG.

[0168] Can be based on Figure 6 The RU of the 40MHz band is configured to send an EHT PPDU, i.e., a 40MHz EHT PPDU. Figure 6 The positions of RUs that determine the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the EHT PPDU are shown in FIG.

[0169] because Figure 6 The RU position corresponds to 40MHz, so it can be Figure 6The tone plan for 80MHz is determined when the pattern of Figure 7 RU but Figure 6 The RU repeats the new tone twice to plan sending the 80MHz EHT PPDU.

[0170] when Figure 6 When the pattern is repeated twice, 23 tones (i.e., 11 guard tones + 12 guard tones) can be configured in the DC region. That is, the tone plan for an 80 MHz EHT PPDU allocated based on OFDMA can have 23 DC tones. In contrast, an 80 MHz EHT PPDU allocated based on non-OFDMA (i.e., a non-OFDMA full-bandwidth 80 MHz PPDU) can be configured based on a 996-RU and can include 5 DC tones, 12 left guard tones, and 11 right guard tones.

[0171] Can Figure 6 The pattern is repeated several times in such a way that the tone plans for 160 / 240 / 320MHz are configured.

[0172] The following method can be used to Figure 10 The PPDU is determined (or identified) as an EHT PPDU.

[0173] The receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on the following aspects. For example, 1) when the first symbol after the L-LTF signal of the RX PPDU is a BPSK symbol; 2) when an RL-SIG in which the L-SIG of the RX PPDU is repeated is detected; and 3) when it is detected that the result of applying "modulo 3" to the value of the length field of the L-SIG of the RX PPDU is "0", the RX PPDU may be determined to be an EHT PPDU. When the RX PPDU is determined to be an EHT PPDU, the receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on Figure 10 The type of the EHT PPDU (e.g., SU / MU / triggered-based / extended range type) can be detected based on the bit information included in the symbol following the RL-SIG of the RX PPDU. In other words, the receiving STA can determine that the RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the following: 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal, which is a BPSK symbol; 2) the RL-SIG that is consecutive to and identical to the L-SIG field; 3) the L-SIG including the length field, in which the result of applying "modulo 3" is set to "0"; and 4) the 3-bit PHY version identifier of the aforementioned U-SIG (e.g., a PHY version identifier having a first value).

[0174] For example, the receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on the following: 1) when the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is a BPSK symbol; 2) when an RL-SIG in which the L-SIG is repeated is detected; and 3) when the result of applying "modulo 3" to the value of the length field of the L-SIG is detected to be "1" or "2", the RX PPDU may be determined as a HEPPDU.

[0175] For example, the receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as non-HT, HT, or VHT PPDU based on the following factors. For example, 1) when the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is a BPSK symbol; and 2) when the RL-SIG in which the L-SIG is repeated is not detected, the RX PPDU may be determined as non-HT, HT, or VHT PPDU. Furthermore, even if the receiving STA detects repeated RL-SIGs, if the result of applying "modulo 3" to the length value of the L-SIG is "0," the RX PPDU may be determined as non-HT, HT, or VHT PPDU.

[0176] In the following examples, signals represented as (TX / RX / UL / DL) signals, (TX / RX / UL / DL) frames, (TX / RX / UL / DL) packets, (TX / RX / UL / DL) data units, (TX / RX / UL / DL) data, etc. may be based on Figure 10 PPDU transmission / reception signal. Figure 10 The PPDU can be used to send / receive various types of frames. For example, Figure 10 The PPDU can be used for control frames. Examples of control frames may include Request to Send (RTS), Clear to Send (CTS), Power Save Poll (PS-poll), BlockACKReq, BlockAck, Null Data Packet (NDP) notifications, and trigger frames. For example, Figure 10 The PPDU can be used for management frames. Examples of management frames may include beacon frames, (re)association request frames, (re)association response frames, probe request frames, and probe response frames. For example, Figure 10 The PPDU can be used for data frames. For example, Figure 10 The PPDU may be used to simultaneously transmit at least two or more of a control frame, a management frame, and a data frame.

[0177] Figure 11 An example of a modified transmitting device and / or receiving device of the present specification is illustrated.

[0178] Figure 1 Each device / STA of sub-graph (a) / (b) can be modified as follows Figure 11 shown. Figure 11 The transceiver 630 can be used with Figure 1 The transceivers 113 and 123 are the same. Figure 11 The transceiver 630 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0179] Figure 11 The processor 610 can be used with Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 are the same. Alternatively, Figure 11 The processor 610 can be used with Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 are the same.

[0180] Figure 11 The memory 620 can be used with Figure 1 The memories 112 and 122 are the same. Alternatively, Figure 11 The memory 620 may be Figure 1 The memories 112 and 122 are different separate external memories.

[0181] refer to Figure 11 , power management module 611 manages power for processor 610 and / or transceiver 630. Battery 612 supplies power to power management module 611. Display 613 outputs results processed by processor 610. Keypad 614 receives input to be used by processor 610. Keypad 614 may be displayed on display 613. SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit for securely storing an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, which are used to identify and authenticate users on mobile phone devices (e.g., mobile phones and computers).

[0182] refer to Figure 11 , the speaker 640 may output a result related to the sound processed by the processor 610. The microphone 641 may receive an input related to the sound to be used by the processor 610.

[0183] 1. Tone Planning in 802.11ax WLAN Systems

[0184] In this specification, a tone plan refers to the rules for determining the size and / or location of a resource unit (RU). Below, we will describe a tone plan for a PPDU based on the IEEE 802.11ax standard, namely, an HE PPDU. In other words, the following describes the RU size and RU location applied to the HE PPDU, as well as control information related to the RU applied to the HE PPDU.

[0185] In this specification, the control information related to the RU (or the control information related to the tone plan) may include the size and position of the RU, information about the user STA assigned to a specific RU, the frequency bandwidth for the PPDU including the RU, and / or control information about the modulation scheme applied to the specific RU. The control information related to the RU may be included in the SIG field. For example, in the IEEE 802.11ax standard, the control information related to the RU is included in the HE-SIG-B field. That is, in the process of generating the TX PPDU, the transmitting STA may allow the control information about the RU included in the PPDU to be included in the HE-SIG-B field. In addition, the receiving STA may receive the HE-SIG-B included in the RX PPDU and obtain the control information included in the HE-SIG-B, so that it is determined based on the HE-SIG-B whether there is an RU assigned to the receiving STA and decode the assigned RU.

[0186] In the IEEE 802.11ax standard, HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields can be configured in units of RUs. That is, when the first RU for the first receiving STA is configured, the STF / LTF / data fields for the first receiving STA can be sent / received via the first RU.

[0187] In the IEEE 802.11ax standard, a PPDU for one receiving STA (i.e., SU PPDU) and a PPDU for multiple receiving STAs (i.e., MU PPDU) are separately defined, and their respective tone plans are separately defined. Specific details will be described below.

[0188] The RU defined in 11ax may include multiple subcarriers. For example, when the RU includes N subcarriers, it can be expressed by N-tone RU or N RUs. The position of a specific RU can be expressed by a subcarrier index. The subcarrier index can be defined in units of subcarrier frequency intervals. In the 11ax standard, the subcarrier frequency interval is 312.5kHz or 78.125kHz, and the subcarrier frequency interval of the RU is 78.125kHz. That is, the subcarrier index +1 of the RU may mean a position that is 78.125kHz higher than the DC tone, and the subcarrier index -1 of the RU may mean a position that is 78.125kHz lower than the DC tone. For example, when the position of a specific RU is expressed by [-121:-96], the RU may be located in the area from subcarrier index -121 to subcarrier index -96. As a result, the RU can include 26 subcarriers.

[0189] The N-tone RU may include preset pilot tones.

[0190] 2. Null subcarriers and pilot subcarriers

[0191] Subcarrier and resource allocation in the 802.11ax system will be described.

[0192] An OFDM symbol consists of subcarriers, and the number of subcarriers can play a role in the bandwidth of the PPDU. In the WLAN 802.11 system, data subcarriers for data transmission, pilot subcarriers for phase information and parameter tracking, and unused subcarriers not used for data transmission and pilot transmission are defined.

[0193] A HE MU PPDU using OFDMA transmission may be sent using a mixture of 26-tone RUs, 52-tone RUs, 106-tone RUs, 242-tone RUs, 484-tone RUs, and 996-tone RUs.

[0194] Here, a 26-tone RU consists of 24 data subcarriers and 2 pilot subcarriers. A 52-tone RU consists of 48 data subcarriers and 4 pilot subcarriers. A 106-tone RU consists of 102 data subcarriers and 4 pilot subcarriers. A 242-tone RU consists of 234 data subcarriers and 8 pilot subcarriers. A 484-tone RU consists of 468 data subcarriers and 16 pilot subcarriers. A 996-tone RU consists of 980 data subcarriers and 16 pilot subcarriers.

[0195] 1) Empty subcarriers

[0196] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown in Figure 1, null subcarriers exist between the 26-tone RU, 52-tone RU, and 106-tone RU positions. Null subcarriers are located near DC or edge tones to protect against transmit center frequency leakage, receiver DC offset, and interference from adjacent RUs. Null subcarriers have zero energy. The null subcarrier indices are listed below.

[0197]

[0198] The null subcarrier positions in each 80 MHz frequency segment of the 80+80 MHz HE PPDU shall follow the positions of the 80 MHz HE PPDU.

[0199] 2) Pilot subcarrier

[0200] If pilot subcarriers are present in the HE-LTF field of a HE SU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, HE ER SU PPDU, or HE TB PPDU, the position of the pilot sequence in the HE-LTF field and the data field can be the same as that of the 4x HE-LTF. In 1x HE-LTF, the position of the pilot sequence in the HE-LTF is configured based on the pilot subcarriers of the data field multiplied by 4. If pilot subcarriers are present in 2x HE-LTF, the position of the pilot subcarriers shall be the same as that of the pilot in the 4x data symbol. All pilot subcarriers are located at the even-numbered indices listed below.

[0201]

[0202]

[0203] At 160 MHz or 80+80 MHz, for the 80 MHz on both sides, the position of the pilot subcarrier should use the same 80 MHz position.

[0204] 3. HE Transmission Process and Constellation Mapping

[0205] In the 802.11ax wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the transmission process (or sending process) in the physical layer (PHY) includes the process of HE single-user (SU) PPDU, the transmission process of HE extended range (ER) SU PPDU, the transmission process of HE multi-user (MU) PPDU, and the transmission process based on HE trigger (TB) PPDU. The FORMAT field of PHY-TXSTART.request(TXVECTOR) can be the same as HE_SU, HE_MU, HE_ER_SU, or HE_TB. The transmission process does not describe the operation of optional features such as dual carrier modulation (DCM). Among the various transmission processes, Figure 21 Only the PHY transmission process of the HE SU PPDU is shown.

[0206] Figure 12 An example of a PHY transmission procedure for a HE SU PPDU is shown.

[0207] To transmit data, the MAC generates a PHY-TXSTART.request primitive, which puts the PHY entity into the transmit state. Furthermore, the PHY is configured to operate at the appropriate frequency via station management via the PLME. Other transmission parameters, such as the HE-MCS, coding type, and transmit power, are configured via the PHY-SAP using the PHY-TXSTART.request(TXVECTOR) primitive. After sending a PPDU containing a transmission (or communication) trigger frame, the MAC sublayer may issue a PHY-TRIGGER.request along with a TRIGVECTOR parameter, which provides the information necessary to demodulate the HE TB PPDU response expected by the PHY entity.

[0208] The PHY indicates the status of the primary channel and the other channels via PHY-CCA.indication. The PHY shall start the transmission of the PPDU after receiving the PHY-TXSTART.request(TXVECTOR) primitive.

[0209] After the PHY preamble transmission begins, the PHY entity immediately initiates data scrambling and data encoding. The encoding method of the data field is based on the FEC_CODING, CH_BANDWIDTH, NUM_STS, STBC, MCS and NUM_USERS parameters of TXVECTOR.

[0210] The SERVICE field and PSDU are encoded in the transmitter (or transmitting device) block diagram and will be described later. Data should be exchanged between the MAC and PHY using the PHY-DATA.request (DATA) primitive issued by the MAC and the PHY-DATA.confirm primitive issued by the PHY. PHY padding bits are applied to the PSDU to set the number of bits of the coded PSDU to an integer multiple of the number of coded bits per OFDM symbol.

[0211] The MAC ends the transmission agilely (or quickly) via the PHY-TXEND.request primitive. A PSDU transmission ends upon receipt of the PHY-TXEND.request primitive. Each PHY-TXEND.request primitive may be accompanied by a PHY-TXEND.confirm primitive from the PHY to notify its receipt.

[0212] Packet extension and / or signal extension may be present in a PPDU. A PHY-TXEND.confirm primitive is generated at the actual end time of the most recent PPDU, the end time of the packet extension, and the end time of the signal extension.

[0213] In the PHY, a guard interval (GI), indicated together with the GI duration in the GI_TYPE parameter of the TXVECTOR, is inserted into all data OFDM symbols as a solution to delay spread.

[0214] If the PPDU transmission is completed, the PHY entity enters the receiving state.

[0215] To generate each field of the HE PPDU, the following block diagram is used.

[0216] a) Pre-FEC PHY padding

[0217] b) Scrambler

[0218] c) FEC (BCC or LDPC) encoder

[0219] d) Post-FEC PHY padding

[0220] e) Stream Parser

[0221] f) Segment parser (for continuous 160MHz and non-continuous 80+80MHz transmission)

[0222] g) BCC interleaver

[0223] h) Constellation Mapper

[0224] i) DCM Tone Mapper

[0225] j) Pilot insertion

[0226] k) Replication on multiple 20MHz (for BW>20MHz)

[0227] l) Multiply by P HE-LTF The first column

[0228] m) LDPC Tone Mapper

[0229] n) Segment Inverse Parser

[0230] o) Space-Time Block Code (STBC) encoder for one spatial stream

[0231] p) Cyclic Shift Diversity (CSD) inserted per STS

[0232] q) Spatial Mapper

[0233] r) Frequency Mapping

[0234] s) Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT)

[0235] f) Cyclic shift diversity (CSD) of each chain insertion

[0236] u) Guard Interval (GI) Insertion

[0237] v) Windowing

[0238] Figure 13 An example of a block diagram of a transmitter is shown that generates the data field of an HE PPDU using BCC encoding.

[0239] Figure 13 A block diagram of a transmitter for generating the data field of an HE PPDU to which binary convolutional coding (BCC) is applied and capable of UL transmission or DL ​​non-MU MIMO transmission in 26-tone RU, 52-tone RU, 106-tone RU, or 242-tone RU is shown.

[0240] See also Figure 13 , for the bit stream input to the transmitter block diagram, 1) performs pre-FEC PHY padding, 2) performs scrambling operation, 3) performs BCC encoding, and 4) performs post-FEC PHY padding, 5) performs stream parsing operation of mapping coded bits to specific spatial streams, 6) performs BCC interleaving on each spatial stream, 7) performs constellation mapping on each spatial stream, and can generate modulation symbols.

[0241] The Dual Carrier Modulation (DCM) Tone Mapper, which is part of the Constellation Mapper, is only applied when DCM is indicated for the RU. A subset of these transmitter blocks, including the Constellation Mapper and CSD blocks, and the blocks to the right of the Spatial Mapping block, are also used to generate the HE-LTF field or the HE-STF field.

[0242] Figure 14 An example of a block diagram of a transmitter that generates the data field of an HE PPDU using LDPC coding is shown.

[0243] Figure 14 A block diagram of a transmitter for generating the data field of an HE PPDU to which low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding is applied and capable of uplink transmission or downlink non-MU MIMO transmission in 26-tone RUs, 52-tone RUs, 106-tone RUs, 242-tone RUs, 484-tone RUs, or 996-tone RUs.

[0244] See also Figure 14 , for the bit stream input to the transmitter block diagram, 1) perform pre-FEC PHY padding, 2) perform scrambling operation, 3) perform LDPC encoding, and 4) perform post-FEC PHY padding, 5) perform stream parsing operation to map the coded bits to a specific spatial stream, 6) perform constellation mapping for each spatial stream, and 7) LDPC tone mapping can be performed on the modulation symbols generated based on the constellation mapping.

[0245] Figure 14The transmitter block diagram also applies to the data field of the HE TB PPDU and the data field of the HE MU PPDU transmitted in a RU assigned to one user (whether or not spatially multiplexed with another user). The DCM tone mapper, which is part of the constellation mapper, is applied only when DCM is indicated for the RU.

[0246] because Figure 13 and Figure 14 The transmitter block diagram does not have a segment parser, and the above operations are performed for one frequency segment. However, if necessary, Figure 13 and Figure 14 A segment parser is added after the stream parser in the transmitter block diagram to perform segment parsing to divide the frequency segments. Therefore, BCC interleaving, constellation mapping, or LDPC tone mapping can be performed for each frequency segment (for each RU in multiple RUs).

[0247] Furthermore, in HEMU transmission, PPDU encoding processing is performed independently using resource units (RUs), except for cyclic shift diversity (CSD), which is performed with knowledge of the start index of the space-time stream for that user. All user data for an RU is combined and mapped to the transmit chain of the spatial mapping block.

[0248] Constellation mapping will be described below.

[0249] Constellation mapping refers to the mapping of the input bits of the constellation mapper to complex constellation points for binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM), and 256-QAM. In other words, the constellation mapper can map the bits from the output of the stream parser or segment parser (if present) to complex constellation points according to the modulation scheme.

[0250] The DCM scheme may be applied only to the data field and / or SIG-B field of the HE PPDU. In addition, the DCM scheme may be used or not used in the transmitting device (optional function).

[0251] A more detailed description of the DCM scheme of 11ax is as follows.

[0252] DCM is an optional modulation scheme used for the HE-SIG-B and data fields. DCM can be applied to HE SU PPDUs and HEER SU PPDUs. In HE MU PPDUs or HE TB PPDUs, DCM can be applied to RUs containing data for one user, but cannot be applied to RUs containing data for multiple users.

[0253] DCM is applicable only to HE-MCS 0, 1, 3 and 4. DCM is applicable only to N SS =1 or NSS =2 (In case of single-user RU in HE MU PPDU, N SS ,r,u=1orN SS ,r,u=2). DCM cannot be applied with MU-MIMO or STBC.

[0254] When using DCM, a bit sequence is mapped to a symbol pair (d′ k ,d′ q(k) ). To use frequency diversity for 996-tone RUs or smaller, the range of k is 0 <= k <= N SD -1, and the range of q(k) is N SD <=q(k)<=2N SD -1. For 2x996 tone RU, the range of k is 0 <= k <= N SD / 2-1, and the range of q(k) is N SD / 2<=q(k)<=N SD To maximize frequency diversity, for 996-tone RUs or smaller, the index of the DCM subcarrier pair (k, q(k)) is q(k) = k + N SD , and for 2x996 tone RU, q(k)=k+N SD / 2. Here, when DCM=1, N SD Given N SD And, when DCM=0, N SD Given N SD Half of the value.

[0255] The modulated bits having DCM applied thereto can be described as follows.

[0256] For BPSK modulation using DCM, the input stream is divided into N CBPS or N CBPS，u Groups of bits Each bit B k is BPSK modulated into sample d′ k This generates samples for the lower half of the data subcarriers. For the upper half of the subcarriers, samples are generated as Here N SD Refers to N in the case of DCM=1 SD , which is N in the case of DCM=0 SD half of the value.

[0257] For QPSK modulation using DCM, the input stream is divided into N CBPS or N CBPS，u Groups of bits Each bit pair (B 2k, B 2k+1 ) is QPSK modulated into symbol d′ k This generates the constellation points for the lower half of the data subcarriers in the RU. For the upper half of the data subcarriers in the RU, Where conj() represents the complex conjugate operation. SD Refers to N in the case of DCM=1 SD , which is N in the case of DCM=0 SD half of the value.

[0258] For 16-QAM modulation using DCM, the input stream is divided into N CBPS or N CBPS，u Groups of bits 4-bit group (B 4k , B 4k+1 , B 4k+2 , B 4k+3 ) is modulated by 16-QAM into sample d′ k , as described in 17.3.5.8 (Subcarrier modulation mapping). This is the sample on subcarrier k in the lower half. In the upper half, the 16-QAM modulated bits (B 4k , B 4k+1 , B 4k+2 , B 4k+3 ) is replaced by subcarrier k+N SD Samples on Specifically, by sending the bit group (B 4k+1 , B 4k , B 4k+3 , B 4k+2 ) is obtained by applying the 16-QAM modulation process in 18.3.4.8 Here N SD Refers to N in the case of DCM=1 SD , which is N in the case of DCM=0 SD half of the value.

[0259] Hereinafter, LDPC tone mapping will be described.

[0260] The LDPC tone map distance parameter D should be used in all LDPC code flows. TM To perform LDPC tone mapping. TM is a constant for each bandwidth and is assigned a value for each frequency band as shown below. LDPC tone mapping shall not be performed on the coded stream using BCC.

[0261]

[0262] For VHT PPDU transmission, LDPC tone mapping for the LDPC coded stream associated with user u may be performed by replacing the complex stream generated by the constellation mapper as shown below.

[0263] d″ t(k)，i，n，l，u =d′ k，i，n，l，u ; k = 0, 1, ..., N SD -1 for 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz, and 80+80MHz;

[0264] For 160MHz;

[0265] i=1,...,N SS，u ;

[0266] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1;

[0267] l = 0, for 20MHz, 40MHz and 80MHz

[0268] l = 0, 1, for 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz;

[0269] u=0,...,N user -1

[0270] in

[0271]

[0272] As a result of the LDPC tone mapping operation, two consecutively generated complex constellation numbers d′ may be transmitted from two data tones, respectively. k，i，n，l，u and d′ k+1，i，n，l，u Each of the data tones is separated by at least D TM -1. For example, d′ k，i，n，l，u Can be sent from the first data tone, d' k+1，i，n，l，u The first data tone and the second data tone may be separated by a distance D. TM -1. The above operation is the same as for variables i, n and u by using D TM Row and N SD / D TM Column (for 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz or 80+80MHz) or N SD / 2*D TM Column (for 160MHz) matrix, for complex d' 0，i，n，l，u ,...,d′ NSD-1，i，n，l，u The block interleaving is performed in the same way. At this time, d′ 0，i，n，l，u ,...,d′ NSD-1，i，n，l，uis written row by row in the matrix, d′ 0，i，n，l，u ,...,d′ NSD-1，i，n，l，u The matrix is ​​read column by column.

[0273] LDPC tone mapping is performed for the upper 80 MHz and lower 80 MHz of the 160 MHz or 80+80 MHz transmission indicated by frequency sub-block index 1, respectively.

[0274] Since LDPC tone mapping is not performed for the BCC coding flow, the following equation can be applied to the BCC coding flow.

[0275] d″ k，i，n，l，u =d′ k，i，n，l，u ; k = 0, 1, ..., N SD -1 for 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz, and 80+80MHz;

[0276] For 160MHz;

[0277] i=1,...,N SS，u ;

[0278] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1;

[0279] l = 0, for 20MHz, 40MHz and 80MHz

[0280] l = 0, 1, for 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz;

[0281] u=0,...,N user -1

[0282] In addition, LDPC tone mapping should be performed on all LDPC coded streams mapped to resource units (RUs). LDPC tone mapping should not be performed for streams using BCC. When DCM is applied to an LDPC coded stream, D TM DCM Should be applied to the lower half of the data subcarriers of the RU and the upper half of the data subcarriers of the RU. LDPC tone mapping distance parameter D TM and D TM_DCM For each of the RU size and the other RU size is a constant.

[0283]

[0284] LDPC tone mapping distance parameter D TM and D TM_DCM Applies to frequency sub-block l=0 and frequency sub-block l=1 respectively.

[0285] For HE PPDU without DCM, in the rth RU, LDPC tone mapping of the LDPC coded stream associated with user u can be performed by replacing the complex stream generated by the constellation mapper as shown below.

[0286] d″ t(k)，i，n，l，r，u =d′ k，i，n，l，r，u

[0287] in

[0288]

[0289] i=1,...,N SS，r，u

[0290] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1

[0291]

[0292] u=0,...,N user，r -1

[0293] r=0,...,N RU -1

[0294] N SD is the number of data tones in the rth RU

[0295]

[0296] For an HE PPDU with DCM applied in the data field, in the rth RU, LDPC tone mapping of the LDPC coded stream associated with user u can be performed by replacing the complex stream generated by the constellation mapper as shown below.

[0297] d″ t(k)，i，n，l，r，u =d′ k，i，n，l，r，u

[0298] in

[0299]

[0300] i=1,...,N SS，r，u

[0301] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1

[0302]

[0303] u=0,...,N user，r -1

[0304] r=0,...,N RU -1

[0305] N SD is the number of data tones in the rth RU if DCM is applied

[0306] For 26-tone, 52-tone, 106-tone, 242-tone, 484-tone, and 996-tone RUs

[0307]

[0308] For 2x996 Tone RU

[0309]

[0310] D TM_DCM is the LDPC tone mapping distance for the rth RU if DCM is applied.

[0311] The LDPC tone mappers for 26, 52, 106, 242, 484, and 996 tones are defined as one segment. LDPC tone mapping is performed for the upper 80 MHz and lower 80 MHz frequency segments of the 2x996-tone RU indicated by frequency sub-block index 1, respectively.

[0312] Since LDPC tone mapping is not performed on the BCC coding flow, the following equation can be applied to the BCC coding flow.

[0313] d″ k，i，n，l，r，u =d′ k，i，n，l，r，u

[0314] in

[0315]

[0316] i=1,...,N SS，r，u

[0317] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1

[0318]

[0319] u=0,...,N user，r -1

[0320] r=0,...,N RU -1

[0321] 4. Applicable embodiments of the present disclosure

[0322] WLAN 802.11 systems consider using wider bandwidths or more antennas than existing 11ax to transmit additional streams to increase peak throughput. Furthermore, this specification considers methods for aggregating and using various frequency bands and various preamble puncturing patterns in non-OFDMA transmissions.

[0323] In this specification, duplicate transmission for increasing the transmission range in EHT PPDU transmission of a wireless LAN system (802.11) is proposed.

[0324] The representative structure of 802.11be PPDU (EHT PPDU) is as follows Figure 10 As shown. The U-SIG consists of a version-independent field and a version-dependent field. In addition, the U-SIG consists of two symbols, the two symbols are jointly encoded, and each 20 MHz consists of 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones. In addition, the modulation method of the U-SIG is the same as that of the HE-SIG-A. That is, the U-SIG is modulated with a BPSK1 / 2 code rate. In addition, the EHT-SIG can be encoded using a variable MCS and may have a 1 2 1 2... structure, such as the existing 11ax, or other structures (such as 1 2 3 4... or 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4... structure). In addition, the EHT-SIG can be configured in units of 80 MHz, and in a bandwidth of 80 MHz or higher, the EHT-SIG can be replicated in units of 80 MHz.

[0325] At the same time, 802.11be can support indoor environments using low power in a wide area of ​​6GHz. In this case, data parts can be sent repeatedly to obtain more reliable performance. This specification proposes the following method.

[0326] 4.1. Copy Transfer

[0327] Figure 15 An example of duplicating data for each 40 MHz when transmitting an 80 MHz PPDU is shown.

[0328] 802.11be supports 20 / 40 / 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160MHz (plus 240 / 160 / 80MHz). This embodiment proposes that data be copied and sent within a specific bandwidth. For example, Figure 15 As shown, when transmitting at 80 MHz, data can be copied every 40 MHz.

[0329] This transmission is referred to as duplicate transmission in this specification, and other names may be used in practice. Duplicate transmission can only be used for i) 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz PPDU transmission, ii) only for MCS0 or MCS0+DCM, and iii) only for one stream. iv) It may be limited to SU transmission, and v) puncturing may not be applied.

[0330] The same data can simply be repeated in both blocks ( Figure 15 Each 40 MHz data portion in the first and second blocks is represented by a constellation (e.g., a 40 MHz data portion), but the constellations can be different to improve performance. For example, assume that the number of subcarriers with data inserted in addition to pilots in the first and second blocks is N, and the constellation for each subcarrier in the first block is d_1,n (n = 0 to N-1). In this case, the constellation in the second block can be defined as follows.

[0331] d_2,n=d_1,n*exp(j*n*π(n=0 to N-1, k=1 or -1 or other integers)

[0332] Figure 16 A block diagram illustrating the data field of a SU PPDU in a 160 MHz transmission using LDPC is shown.

[0333] Basically, in 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160MHz transmission, the segment parser allocates data bits (coded bits) for each 80MHz block, and constellation mapping or LDPC tone mapping is performed for each 80Hz block. In the case of replicated transmission, even transmissions below 160MHz may require a segment parser, and data bits can only be allocated in the first block. After performing constellation mapping, the same data or a phase-rotated constellation for performance improvements such as PAPR can be inserted in the second block. After that, data such as LDPC tone mapper and pilot insertion can be processed in each block. After that, it can be combined into one frequency segment by the segment inverse parser, and this block may be required even for transmissions below 160MHz. Alternatively, after performing the LDPC tone mapper in the first block, the constellation value can be simply repeated in the second block, and phase rotation for performance improvements such as PAPR can be additionally applied. After that, data such as pilot insertion can be processed in each block. Alternatively, the coded data bits may be equally distributed to the first block and the second block and processed for each block.

[0334] For example, in a 320 / 160+160MHz replicated transmission, data bits are allocated by the segment parser to each 80MHz of the first block (160MHz), and the same data or a constellation phase-rotated for performance improvement can be inserted in the second block (another 160MHz) after constellation mapping. Afterwards, data such as LDPC tone mapper and pilot insertion can be processed in each block. Alternatively, after performing the LDPC tone mapper in the first block, the constellation values ​​can be simply repeated in the second block, and phase rotation for performance improvements such as PAPR can be additionally applied. Afterwards, data such as pilot insertion can be processed in each block. Alternatively, data bits are allocated by the segment parser to each 80MHz of the first block (160MHz), and the same data bits are allocated to each 80MHz of the second block (another 160MHz) to process the data bits of each block.

[0335] For example, when performing an LDPC tone mapper, data may be processed as follows in the allocated blocks, and N_SD is the number of data subcarriers in the block (not in the total bandwidth). That is, the N_SD of the replicated transmission may be a value obtained by dividing the N_SD corresponding to the entire bandwidth by 2. (In the case of DCM, if there is no DCM, the N_SD corresponding to the entire bandwidth is half of the N_SD, so in the case of replicated transmission, the given N_SD value is divided by 2 regardless of the DCM. That is, in the case of DCM+replicated transmission, the original N_SD is divided by 4.) However, since 484RU is used at 80MHz and replication occurs, N_SD / 2 corresponding to 996RU of 80MHz is not applied and N_SD of 484RU may be used.

[0336] For HE PPDU without DCM, LDPC tone mapping of the LDPC coded stream of user u in the r-th RU can be performed by replacing the complex stream generated by the constellation mapper as follows.

[0337] d″ t(k)，i，n，l，r，u =d′ k，i，n，l，r，u

[0338] in,

[0339]

[0340] i=1,...,N SS，r，u

[0341] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1

[0342]

[0343] u=0 ，...N user，r -1

[0344] r=0,...,N RU -1

[0345] N SD is the number of data tones in the rth RU

[0346]

[0347] For an HE PPDU with DCM applied to the data field, LDPC tone mapping of the LDPC coded stream of user u in the r-th RU can be performed as follows by replacing the complex stream generated by the constellation mapper.

[0348] d″ t(k)，i，n，l，r，u =d′ k，i，n，l，r，u

[0349] in

[0350]

[0351] i=1,...,N SS，r，u

[0352] n=0,1,...,N SYM -1

[0353]

[0354] u=0,...,N user，r -1

[0355] r=0,...,N RU -1

[0356] N SD is the number of data tones in the rth RU if DCM is applied

[0357] For 26-, 52-, 106-, 242-, 484-, and 996-tone RUs

[0358]

[0359] For 2x996 Tone RU

[0360]

[0361] D TM_DCM is the LDPC tone mapping distance for the rth RU if DCM is applied.

[0362] Replication is performed in units of 80MHz blocks to perform replicated transmission. For example, in the case of 320 / 160+160MHz transmission, four 80MHz blocks can be configured with the same data. In this case, the N_SD of each 80MHz block can be the value obtained by dividing the total bandwidth N_SD by 4. For another example, in the case of 240 / 160+80MHz transmission, three 80MHz blocks can be composed of the same data. In this case, the N_SD of each 80MHz block can be the value obtained by dividing the total bandwidth N_SD by 3. For another example, in the case of 160 / 80+80MHz transmission, two 80MHz blocks can be composed of the same data. In this case, the N_SD of each 80MHz block can be the value obtained by dividing the total bandwidth N_SD by 2. In this case, the data is allocated to only one 80MHz block, processed, and then the same operation is repeated in another 80MHz block after the constellation mapper or LDPC tone mapper, and phase rotation can be applied to improve PAPR performance. It can handle processes such as interleaving. Alternatively, the coded data bits may be evenly distributed to all 80 MHz blocks and processed for each 80 MHz block.

[0363] In addition, as an exception, only 240 / 160+80 MHz is repeated every 80 MHz, and half of the bandwidth can be replicated in other bandwidths.

[0364] Additionally, a 240 / 160+80MHz transmission can be a 320 / 160+160MHz transmission, where the 80MHz is punctured. The actual BW field indicates a 320 / 160+160MHz transmission, but the 80MHz may be punctured, and it could be a 240 / 160+80MHz transmission. In general, even if a 320 / 160+160MHz replica transmission is configured as a 160MHz replica, in the case of a 240 / 160+80MHz transmission with the 80MHz punctured, it could also be an 80MHz replica transmission.

[0365] Figure 17 An example of MU OFDMA duplicate transmission is shown.

[0366] like Figure 17 As shown, MU OFDMA replication transmission can be considered. After allocating a portion of the total bandwidth to each STA, replication within each allocated bandwidth can be considered. As for the replication method within each allocated bandwidth, the method proposed in the above SU scenario can be used as is. Figure 17 An example of duplicate transmission when each of STA1 and STA2 is allocated 80 MHz in 160 MHz transmission is shown.

[0367] Alternatively, after allocating data bits to one RU, insert pilots along with constellation mapping and LDPC tone mapping, repeat this to another RU, and finally apply phase rotation to improve performance and PAPR.

[0368] 4.2. Copying the signaling of transmission

[0369] Duplicate transmission may be indicated in the BW field and may be indicated using 3 bits as shown below.

[0370] [Table 3]

[0371] Bit entry 000 20MHz 001 40MHz 010 80MHz 011 160 / 80+80MHz 100 320 / 160+160MHz 101 80MHz with 40MHz Dup 110 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 111 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz Dup

[0372] The above does not consider the indication of 240 / 160+80MHz, and the Dup (duplicate) mode is not considered below 40MHz. When the Dup mode is considered, 4 bits are required, and the BW field can be designed as follows.

[0373] [Table 4]

[0374] Bit entry 0000 20MHz 0001 40MHz 0010 80MHz 0011 160 / 80+80MHz 0100 240 / 160+80MHz 0101 320 / 160+160MHz 0110 40MHz with 20MHz Dup 0111 80MHz with 40MHz Dup 1000 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1001 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz Dup 1010～1111 reserve

[0375] The following is the BW field when 40 MHz with 20 MHz Dup in Table 4 above is not considered.

[0376] [Table 5]

[0377] Bit entry 0000 20MHz 0001 40MHz 0010 80MHz 0011 160 / 80+80MHz 0100 240 / 160+80MHz 0101 320 / 160+160MHz 0110 80MHz with 40MHz Dup 0111 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1000 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz Dup 1001～1111 reserve

[0378] The following is an example of the BW field when considering that every 80 MHz is dup.

[0379] [Table 6]

[0380] Bit entry 000 20MHz 001 40MHz 010 80MHz 011 160 / 80+80MHz 100 320 / 160+160MHz 101 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 110 320 / 160+160MHz, with 80MH Dup 111 reserve

[0381] The following is an example of the BW field in the case of considering that every 80 MHz including 240 / 160+80 MHz is dup.

[0382] [Table 7]

[0383] Bit entry 0000 20MHz 0001 40MHz 0010 80MHz 0011 160 / 80+80MHz 0100 240 / 160+80MHz 0101 320 / 160+160MHz 0110 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 0111 240 / 160+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1000 320 / 160+160MHz with 80MHz Dup 1001～1111 reserve

[0384] The following is an example of the BW field when considering a case in which only 80 MHz of 240 / 160+80 MHz is copied and the remaining half bandwidth is copied.

[0385] [Table 8]

[0386] Bit entry 0000 20MHz 0001 40MHz 0010 80MHz 0011 160 / 80+80MHz 0100 240 / 160+80MHz 0101 320 / 160+160MHz 0110 80MHz with 40MHz Dup 0111 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1000 240 / 160+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1001 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz Dup 1010～1111 reserve

[0387] The following is a case where the BW field of Table 8 contains a 40 MHz entry with a 20 MHz copy.

[0388] [Table 9]

[0389] Bit entry 0000 20MHz 0001 40MHz 0010 80MHz 0011 160 / 80+80MHz 0100 240 / 160+80MHz 0101 320 / 160+160MHz 0110 40MHz with 20MHz Dup 0111 80MHz with 40MHz Dup 1000 160 / 80+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1001 240 / 160+80MHz with 80MHz Dup 1010 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz Dup 1011～1111 reserve

[0390] In Table 9, when 320 / 160+160MHz duplicate transmission is sent in the BW field in which the 240 / 160+80MHz entry is not used separately, 80MHz is punctured and becomes an actual 240 / 160+80MHz duplicate transmission, even if the BW field is set to 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz Dup (duplicate), it may be 240 / 160+80MHz duplicate transmission with 80MHz dup.

[0391] In addition to the method of using duplicate transmission using the BW field as described above, a 1-bit duplicate transmission field can also be defined and indicated. This 1-bit field can be inserted into the U-SIG independent or U-SIG related field or the EHT-SIG common field. If duplicate transmission is considered during MU OFDMA transmission, it can be inserted into the user field of the EHT-SIG.

[0392] Alternatively, a duplicate transmission PPDU may be defined and indicated in the PPDU Type field. In this case, the BW field may consist of 2 bits as follows. In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz.

[0393] [Table 10]

[0394]

[0395]

[0396] Alternatively, it may consist of 2 bits as follows: In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 240 / 160+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz.

[0397] [Table 11]

[0398] Bit entry 00 80MHz 01 160 / 80+80MHz 10 240 / 160+80MHz 11 320 / 160+160MHz

[0399] Alternatively, it may be composed of 2 bits as follows: In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 40 / 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz.

[0400] [Table 12]

[0401] Bit entry 00 40MHz 01 80MHz 10 160 / 80+80MHz 11 320 / 160+160MHz

[0402] Alternatively, it may be composed of 3 bits as follows: In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 40 / 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 240 / 160+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz.

[0403] [Table 13]

[0404]

[0405]

[0406] In the case where a duplicate transmission is indicated in the PPDU Type field above, only one specific duplication mode is considered in each bandwidth. (e.g., for a duplication case of half the bandwidth, for a duplication case of every 80 MHz in 240 / 160+80 MHz)

[0407] Alternatively, it may be composed of 2 bits as follows: In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz, and 160 MHz dup or 80 MHz dup of data is used in 320 / 160+160 MHz.

[0408] [Table 14]

[0409] Bit entry 00 80MHz 01 160 / 80+80MHz 10 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz dup 11 320 / 160+160MHz with 80MHz dup

[0410] Alternatively, it can be composed of 3 bits as follows. In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 240 / 160+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz. In 320 / 160+160 MHz, 160 MHz dup or 80 MHz dup of data is considered.

[0411] [Table 15]

[0412] Bit entry 000 80MHz 001 160 / 80+80MHz 010 240 / 160+80MHz 011 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz dup 100 320 / 160+160MHz with 80MHz dup 101～111 reserve

[0413] Alternatively, it may be composed of 3 bits as follows. In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 40 / 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz. In 320 / 160+160 MHz, 160 MHz dup or 80 MHz dup of data is considered.

[0414] [Table 16]

[0415] Bit entry 000 40MHz 001 80MHz 010 160 / 80+80MHz 011 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz dup 100 320 / 160+160MHz with 80MHz dup 101～111 reserve

[0416] Alternatively, it can be composed of 3 bits as follows. In this case, duplicate transmission is used only in 40 / 80 / 160 / 80+80 / 240 / 160+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz. In 320 / 160+160 MHz, 160 MHz dup or 80 MHz dup of data is considered.

[0417] [Table 17]

[0418] Bit entry 000 40MHz 001 80MHz 010 160 / 80+80MHz 011 240 / 160+80MHz 100 320 / 160+160MHz with 160MHz dup 101 320 / 160+160MHz with 80MHz dup 110～111 reserve

[0419] Figure 18 is a flowchart showing the operation of the transmitting apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0420] Figure 18 The example can be performed by a transmitting STA or a transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA). For example, Figure 18 An example of may be performed by an AP that transmits an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, and an EHT MU PPDU. Figure 18 The example may be performed by a non-AP that transmits an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, and an EHT MU PPDU.

[0421] Can be skipped (or omitted) or changed Figure 18 A portion of each step (or detailed sub-steps that will be described later) in the example.

[0422] At step S1810, the transmitting device (i.e., the transmitting STA) may perform a channel access operation according to the above-described specifications. For example, if the secondary 20 MHz, secondary 40 MHz, secondary 80 MHz, or secondary 160 MHz is idle during the PIFS (for example only, other IFSs may be used) immediately before starting a TXOP (or immediately before starting PPDU transmission), the transmitting STA transmits a 320 MHz / 160+160 MHz masked PPDU. Therefore, the BW may be determined as 320 MHz or 160+160 MHz at step S1810.

[0423] In step S1820, the transmitting STA may configure a PPDU. For example, the PPDU may be an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ERSU PPDU, or an EHT MU PPDU.

[0424] The transmitting STA may perform step S1820 based on the BW determined in step S1810.

[0425] That is, as described above, specific (BW)n-bit (eg, 4-bit) information may be included in the U-SIG or EHT-SIG. For example, the bandwidth field of the U-SIG or EHT-SIG may be configured based on the following elements.

[0426] 0: 20MHz

[0427] 1:40MHz

[0428] 2: 80MHz non-preamble puncture mode

[0429] 3: 160MHz and 80+80MHz non-preamble puncturing mode

[0430] 4: 240MHz and 160+80MHz non-preamble puncturing mode

[0431] 5: 320MHz and 160+160MHz non-preamble puncturing mode

[0432] 6: Preamble puncturing in 80 MHz, where only the auxiliary 20 MHz is punctured in the preamble

[0433] 7: Preamble puncturing in 80 MHz, where only one of the two 20 MHz sub-channels in the auxiliary 40 MHz is punctured in the preamble

[0434] 8: Preamble puncturing in 160 MHz or 80+80 MHz, where only the auxiliary 20 MHz is punctured in the primary 80 MHz of the preamble

[0435] 9: Preamble puncturing in 160 MHz or 80+80 MHz, where the primary 40 MHz is present in the primary 80 MHz of the preamble and at least one 20 MHz subchannel not in the primary 40 MHz is punctured

[0436] 10: Preamble puncturing in 240 MHz or 160+80 MHz, where only the auxiliary 20 MHz is punctured in the primary 80 MHz of the preamble

[0437] 11: Preamble puncturing in 240 MHz or 160+80 MHz, where the primary 40 MHz exists in the primary 80 MHz of the preamble and at least one 20 MHz subchannel not in the primary 40 MHz is punctured

[0438] 12: Preamble puncturing in 320 MHz or 160+160 MHz, where only the auxiliary 20 MHz is punctured in the primary 80 MHz of the preamble

[0439] 13: Preamble puncturing in 320 MHz or 160+160 MHz, where the primary 40 MHz is present in the primary 80 MHz of the preamble and at least one 20 MHz subchannel not in the primary 40 MHz is punctured

[0440] 14-15: Reserved

[0441] The transmitting device may transmit the PPDU configured in step S1820 to the receiving device based on step S1830.

[0442] When performing step S1830 , the transmitting device may perform at least one of operations such as CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion.

[0443] The signals / fields / sequences configured according to this specification can be Figure 10 format is sent.

[0444] For example, the U-SIG may be transmitted over two OFDM symbols. For example, one OFDM symbol may include 26 bits of information. The 26 bits of information may include the aforementioned 4-bit BW information. Any m-bit information may be used instead of the 26-bit information.

[0445] BCC coding with a code rate of 1 / 2 can be applied to 26 bits of information. The interleaving of the interleaver can be applied to the BCC coded bits (i.e., 52 bits). The constellation mapping of the constellation mapper can be performed on the interleaved 52 bits. Specifically, 52 BPSK symbols can be generated by applying the BPSK module. The 52 BPSK symbols can be matched with the remaining frequency domain (-28 to +28) except for the DC tone and the pilot tone (-21, -7, +7, and +21) tone. Thereafter, it can be sent to the receiving STA through phase rotation, CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, etc.

[0446] Figure 19 is a flowchart showing the operation of the receiving apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0447] Can be based on Figure 19 The example receives the above PPDU.

[0448] Figure 19 The example of can be performed in a receiving STA or a receiving device (AP and / or non-AP STA). For example, Figure 19 The example may be performed by a non-AP that receives an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, and an EHT MU PPDU. Figure 19 An example of may be performed by an AP that transmits an EHT SU PPDU and an EHT ER SU PPDU.

[0449] Can be skipped (or omitted) Figure 19 A portion of each step (or detailed sub-steps that will be described later) in the example.

[0450] The receiving device (receiving STA) can receive all or part of the PPDU through step S1910. The received signal can be Figure 10 form.

[0451] Can be based on Figure 18 The sub-steps of step S1910 are determined by step S1830. That is, in step S1910, an operation of restoring the results of the CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion operations applied in step S1830 may be performed.

[0452] In step S1920 , the receiving STA may obtain information about the BW of the EHT PPDU by decoding information included in the U-SIG or the EHT-SIG.

[0453] As a result, the receiving STA can complete decoding of other fields / symbols of the received PPDU.

[0454] As a result, the receiving STA can decode the data field included in the PPDU through step S1920. Thereafter, the receiving STA can perform a processing operation to pass the data decoded from the data field to a higher layer (e.g., MAC layer). In addition, when the generation of a signal is instructed from the upper layer to the PHY layer in response to the data delivered to the upper layer, subsequent operations can be performed.

[0455] In the following, reference will be made to Figures 1 to 19 The above-mentioned embodiments are described.

[0456] Figure 20 FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process of transmitting a PPDU by a transmitting STA according to this embodiment.

[0457] It can be performed in a network environment in which the next generation WLAN system (IEEE 802.11be or EHT WLAN system) is supported Figure 20 The next-generation wireless LAN system is an enhanced WLAN system based on the 802.11ax system, and thus can meet backward compatibility with the 802.11ax system.

[0458] Figure 20 The example is performed by a transmitting STA, and the transmitting STA may correspond to an access point (AP). Figure 20 The receiving STA may correspond to a STA supporting an extremely high throughput (EHT) WLAN system.

[0459] This embodiment proposes a method and apparatus for duplicating and transmitting data to increase the transmission range of an EHT PPDU. 802.11be wireless LAN systems can support low-power transmission using a 6 GHz broadband in indoor environments. Accordingly, to achieve more reliable performance, a method for frequency-domain data duplication in an EHT PPDU is proposed.

[0460] In step S2010, the transmitting station (STA) generates a physical protocol data unit (PPDU).

[0461] In step S2020, the transmitting STA sends a PPDU to the receiving STA via the first frequency band.

[0462] The PPDU may be an Extreme High Throughput (EHT) PPDU supporting an 802.11be wireless LAN system. The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes the Legacy Short Training Field (L-STF), the Legacy Long Training Field (L-LTF), the Legacy Signal (L-SIG), the Universal Signal (U-SIG), the EHT-SIG, the EHT-STF, and the EHT-LTF.

[0463] The first frequency band includes a first sub-block and a second sub-block. The data field includes first data for the first sub-block and second data for the second sub-block. The first data is generated based on data obtained by performing constellation mapping on the encoded data bits. The second data is generated based on data obtained by copying the first data and applying phase rotation thereto.

[0464] That is, the data field consists of data replicated (or repeated) for each sub-block. This transmission method may be referred to as replication transmission. The sub-blocks are divided into frequency domains. In this embodiment, by repeatedly transmitting data in the frequency domain in the EHT PPDU, reliable performance can be achieved even for transmission over longer distances.

[0465] In order to perform replica transmission, the following conditions must be met. First, the coded data bits can be modulated using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and dual carrier modulation (DCM) can be applied. That is, constellation mapping can be performed on the coded data bits based on BPSK and DCM.

[0466] If the coded data bits are modulated based on a first modulation and coding scheme (MCS), the first MCS, which is a modulation scheme to which BPSK and DCM are applied, may be referred to as EHT-MCS 14. In this case, EHT-MCS 14 may be referred to as an MCS defined for duplicate transmission. In this case, the code rate may be 1 / 2. Information about the first MCS may be included in the user field of the EHT-SIG. The PPDU may be a single-user (SU) PPDU supporting a single spatial stream (Nss=1).

[0467] Conventionally, after encoding a data bit stream (or bit stream), data bits can be assigned to each subblock. The coded data bits can be assigned to each subblock based on a segment parser or an implementation without a segment parser. For example, a first data bit can be assigned to a first subblock, and a second data bit can be assigned to a second subblock. Constellation mapping, LDPC tone mapping, and pilot insertion can be performed on the data bits assigned to each subblock.

[0468] However, in this embodiment, coded data bits are allocated only to the first sub-block, constellation mapping (or constellation mapping and LDPC tone mapping) is performed on the coded data bits allocated to the first sub-block (based on BPSK and DCM) in the first sub-block, and a method is proposed in which the constellation mapped data is copied as is and phase-rotated data is included in the second sub-block. For example, coded data bits are allocated only to the first sub-block, constellation mapping and low-density parity check (LDPC) tone mapping are performed on the coded data bits in the first sub-block based on binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and dual carrier modulation (DCM), and second data can be obtained by copying the constellation mapped and LDPC tone-mapped data and applying phase rotation.

[0469] After generating the first data, a first pilot tone for the first data may be inserted into the first sub-block.After generating the second data, a second pilot tone for the second data may be inserted into the second sub-block.

[0470] This embodiment proposes a method of duplicating and transmitting data using half of the entire frequency band (first frequency band) for transmitting PPDU. That is, the bandwidths of the first sub-block and the second sub-block are the same.

[0471] If the first frequency band is an 80 MHz frequency band, the first sub-block may be a first 484-tone RU having a low frequency, and the second sub-block may be a second 484-tone RU having a high frequency.The first 484-tone RU and the second 484-tone RU may be resource units including 484 tones.

[0472] If the first frequency band is a 160 MHz frequency band, the first sub-block may be a first 996-tone RU having a low frequency, and the second sub-block may be a second 996-tone RU having a high frequency.The first 996-tone RU and the second 996-tone RU may be resource units including 996 tones.

[0473] If the first frequency band is a 320 MHz frequency band, the first sub-block may be a first 2x996 tone RU with a low frequency, and the second sub-block may be a second 2x996 tone RU with a high frequency.The first 2x996 tone RU and the second 2x996 tone RU may be resource units including 2x996 tones.

[0474] When a PPDU is transmitted using a multi-user (MU) OFDMA scheme and the receiving STAs include a first receiving STA and a second receiving STA, it can be assumed that the first sub-block is allocated to the first receiving STA and the second sub-block is allocated to the second receiving STA. In this case, the PPDU can be configured to transmit duplicate data for each receiving STA. For example, the first sub-block includes a first RU and a second RU, and the data allocated to the first RU and the data allocated to the second RU can be duplicated and transmitted to the first receiving STA. The second sub-block includes a third RU and a fourth RU, and the data allocated to the third RU and the data allocated to the fourth RU can be duplicated and transmitted to the second receiving STA. The size of the first and second RUs is half that of the first sub-block, and the size of the third and fourth RUs is half that of the second sub-block.

[0475] Figure 21 : is a flowchart illustrating a process of receiving a PPDU by a receiving STA according to this embodiment.

[0476] Can be executed in a network environment that supports the next generation WLAN system (IEEE 802.11be or EHT WLAN system) Figure 21 The next-generation wireless LAN system is an enhanced WLAN system based on the 802.11ax system, and thus can meet backward compatibility with the 802.11ax system.

[0477] Can be executed by the receiving STA Figure 21 , and the receiving STA may correspond to a STA supporting an extremely high throughput (EHT) WLAN system. Figure 21 The transmitting STA may correspond to an access point (AP).

[0478] This embodiment proposes a method and apparatus for duplicating and transmitting data to increase the transmission range of EHT PPDU transmissions. 802.11be wireless LAN systems can support low-power transmission using a 6 GHz broadband in indoor environments. Accordingly, to achieve more reliable performance, a method for frequency-domain data duplication in an EHT PPDU is proposed.

[0479] In step S2110, a receiving station (STA) receives a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA through a first frequency band.

[0480] In step S2120 , the receiving STA decodes the PPDU.

[0481] The PPDU may be an Extreme High Throughput (EHT) PPDU supporting an 802.11be wireless LAN system. The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes the Legacy Short Training Field (L-STF), the Legacy Long Training Field (L-LTF), the Legacy Signal (L-SIG), the Universal Signal (U-SIG), the EHT-SIG, the EHT-STF, and the EHT-LTF.

[0482] The first frequency band includes a first sub-block and a second sub-block. The data field includes first data for the first sub-block and second data for the second sub-block. The first data is generated based on data obtained by performing constellation mapping on the encoded data bits. The second data is generated based on data obtained by copying the first data and applying phase rotation thereto.

[0483] That is, the data field consists of data replicated (or repeated) for each sub-block. This transmission method may be referred to as replication transmission. The sub-blocks are divided into frequency domains. In this embodiment, by repeatedly transmitting data in the frequency domain in the EHT PPDU, reliable performance can be achieved even for transmission over longer distances.

[0484] In order to perform replica transmission, the following conditions must be met. First, the coded data bits can be modulated using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and dual carrier modulation (DCM) can be applied. That is, constellation mapping can be performed on the coded data bits based on BPSK and DCM.

[0485] If the coded data bits are modulated based on a first modulation and coding scheme (MCS), the first MCS, which is a modulation scheme to which BPSK and DCM are applied, may be referred to as EHT-MCS 14. In this case, EHT-MCS 14 may be referred to as an MCS defined for duplicate transmission. In this case, the code rate may be 1 / 2. Information about the first MCS may be included in the user field of the EHT-SIG. The PPDU may be a single-user (SU) PPDU supporting a single spatial stream (Nss=1).

[0486] Conventionally, after encoding a data bit stream (or bit stream), data bits can be assigned to each subblock. The coded data bits can be assigned to each subblock based on a segment parser or an implementation without a segment parser. For example, a first data bit can be assigned to a first subblock, and a second data bit can be assigned to a second subblock. Constellation mapping, LDPC tone mapping, and pilot insertion can be performed on the data bits assigned to each subblock.

[0487] However, in this embodiment, coded data bits are allocated only to the first sub-block, constellation mapping (or constellation mapping and LDPC tone mapping) is performed on the coded data bits allocated to the first sub-block (based on BPSK and DCM) in the first sub-block, and a method is proposed in which the constellation mapped data is copied as is and phase-rotated data is included in the second sub-block. For example, coded data bits are allocated only to the first sub-block, constellation mapping and low-density parity check (LDPC) tone mapping are performed on the coded data bits in the first sub-block based on binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and dual carrier modulation (DCM), and second data can be obtained by copying the constellation mapped and LDPC tone-mapped data and applying phase rotation.

[0488] After generating the first data, a first pilot tone for the first data may be inserted into the first sub-block.After generating the second data, a second pilot tone for the second data may be inserted into the second sub-block.

[0489] This embodiment proposes a method of duplicating and transmitting data using half of the entire frequency band (first frequency band) for transmitting PPDU. That is, the bandwidths of the first sub-block and the second sub-block are the same.

[0490] If the first frequency band is an 80 MHz frequency band, the first sub-block may be a first 484-tone RU having a low frequency, and the second sub-block may be a second 484-tone RU having a high frequency.The first 484-tone RU and the second 484-tone RU may be resource units including 484 tones.

[0491] If the first frequency band is a 160 MHz frequency band, the first sub-block may be a first 996-tone RU having a low frequency, and the second sub-block may be a second 996-tone RU having a high frequency.The first 996-tone RU and the second 996-tone RU may be resource units including 996 tones.

[0492] If the first frequency band is a 320 MHz frequency band, the first sub-block may be a first 2x996 tone RU with a low frequency, and the second sub-block may be a second 2x996 tone RU with a high frequency.The first 2x996 tone RU and the second 2x996 tone RU may be resource units including 2x996 tones.

[0493] When a PPDU is transmitted using a multi-user (MU) OFDMA scheme and the receiving STAs include a first receiving STA and a second receiving STA, it can be assumed that the first sub-block is allocated to the first receiving STA and the second sub-block is allocated to the second receiving STA. In this case, the PPDU can be configured to transmit duplicate data for each receiving STA. For example, the first sub-block includes a first RU and a second RU, and the data allocated to the first RU and the data allocated to the second RU can be duplicated and transmitted to the first receiving STA. The second sub-block includes a third RU and a fourth RU, and the data allocated to the third RU and the data allocated to the fourth RU can be duplicated and transmitted to the second receiving STA. The size of the first and second RUs is half that of the first sub-block, and the size of the third and fourth RUs is half that of the second sub-block.

[0494] 5. Device Configuration

[0495] The technical features of the present disclosure can be applied to various devices and methods. Figure 1 and / or Figure 11 For example, the technical features of the present disclosure may only be applied to Figure 1 and / or Figure 11 For example, the technical features of the present disclosure can be based on Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 are implemented, or based on the processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122, or based on Figure 11 The processor 610 and the memory 620 are implemented. For example, the device according to the present disclosure receives a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting station (STA) through a first frequency band and decodes the PPDU.

[0496] The technical features of the present disclosure may be implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM according to the present disclosure is at least one computer-readable medium including instructions designed to be executed by at least one processor.

[0497] The CRM may store instructions for performing operations including: receiving a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA via a first frequency band; and decoding the PPDU. According to the present disclosure, at least one processor may execute the instructions stored in the CRM. At least one processor associated with the CRM of the present disclosure may be Figure 1 Processors 111, 121, Figure 1 Processing chip 114, 124 or Figure 11 Meanwhile, the CRM of the present disclosure may be Figure 1 Memory 112, 122, Figure 11 memory 620 or a separate external memory / storage medium / disk.

[0498] The aforementioned technical features of this specification are applicable to various applications or business models. For example, the aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communications of devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0499] Artificial intelligence refers to the field of study concerning artificial intelligence or the methods used to create it, while machine learning refers to the field of study concerning methods for defining and solving various problems in the field of artificial intelligence. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves operational performance through consistent operational experience.

[0500] An artificial neural network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning and can refer to an overall problem-solving model that includes artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses. An ANN can be defined by the connection pattern between neurons in different layers, the learning process that updates the model parameters, and the activation function that generates the output value.

[0501] An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting the neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron may output a function value of an activation function of an input signal input through a synapse, a weight, and a bias.

[0502] Model parameters are parameters determined by learning and include the weights of synaptic connections and the biases of neurons. Hyperparameters are parameters that are set before learning in a machine learning algorithm and include the learning rate, number of iterations, mini-batch size, and initialization function.

[0503] Learning an artificial neural network may aim to determine the model parameters that minimize a loss function. The loss function can be used as a metric to determine the optimal model parameters in the process of learning an artificial neural network.

[0504] Machine learning can be divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0505] Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network using labels given to training data, wherein when the training data is input to the artificial neural network, the labels can indicate the correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network needs to infer. Unsupervised learning can refer to a method of training an artificial neural network without labels given to the training data. Reinforcement learning can refer to a training method for training an agent defined in an environment to select actions or action sequences to maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0506] Machine learning implemented using a deep neural network (DNN) including multiple hidden layers among artificial neural networks is called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning. In the following, machine learning is explained as including deep learning.

[0507] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication of robots.

[0508] A robot can refer to a machine that uses its own capabilities to automatically process or operate a given task. In particular, a robot that has the function of recognizing the environment and making judgments autonomously to perform operations can be called an intelligent robot.

[0509] Depending on their application or field, robots can be categorized as industrial, medical, household, or military robots. Robots can include actuators or motors to perform various physical operations, such as moving robot joints. Additionally, mobile robots can include wheels, brakes, propellers, and other components in their actuators to enable them to travel on the ground or fly through the air.

[0510] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to devices that support extended reality.

[0511] Extended reality is collectively referred to as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology is a computer graphics technology that presents real-world objects and backgrounds solely within CG images, AR technology is a computer graphics technology that presents virtual CG images over images of real objects, and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that presents virtual objects mixed and combined with the real world.

[0512] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it can display real objects and virtual objects together. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used to supplement real objects, while in MR technology, virtual objects and real objects are used as equal.

[0513] XR technology can be applied to head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs), mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, televisions, digital signage, etc. Devices that apply XR technology can be called XR devices.

[0514] The claims disclosed in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method. In addition, the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method.

Claims

1. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising: receiving, by a receiving station (STA), an extremely high throughput (EHT) single-user (SU) physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA via a first frequency band; as well as decoding the EHT SU PPDU by the receiving STA, The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes an EHT signal (EHT-SIG), The first frequency band includes low-frequency resource units (RUs) and high-frequency RUs. The data field includes first data for the low-frequency RU and second data for the high-frequency RU. wherein the first data is generated by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation mapping on the coded data bits and by applying dual carrier modulation (DCM), and wherein the second data is copied to the first data for repeated transmission, wherein information of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defined for the repeated transmission is included in the EHT-SIG, and The EHT SU PPDU supports a single spatial stream.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The coded data bits are allocated only to the low-frequency RUs, wherein constellation mapping and low-density parity check (LDPC) tone mapping are performed on the coded data bits in the low-frequency RU based on the BPSK and the DCM, wherein, after generating the first data, a first pilot tone for the first data is inserted into the low frequency RU, Wherein, after generating the second data, a second pilot tone for the second data is inserted into the high frequency RU.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the first frequency band being 80 MHz, the low-frequency RU is a first 484-tone RU having a low frequency, and the high-frequency RU is a second 484-tone RU having a high frequency, The first 484-tone RU and the second 484-tone RU are resource units including 484 tones.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: Based on the first frequency band being 160 MHz, the low-frequency RU is a first 996-tone RU having a low frequency, and the high-frequency RU is a second 996-tone RU having a high frequency, The first 996-tone RU and the second 996-tone RU are resource units including 996 tones.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the first frequency band being 320 MHz, the low-frequency RU is a first 2x996-tone RU having a low frequency, and the high-frequency RU is a second 2x996-tone RU having a high frequency, The first 2x996-tone RU and the second 2x996-tone RU are resource units including 2x996 tones.

6. A receiving station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the receiving STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as a processor operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver, Wherein, the processor is configured to: receiving an extremely high throughput (EHT) single-user (SU) physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA over a first frequency band; and Decoding the EHT SU PPDU, The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes an EHT signal (EHT-SIG), The first frequency band includes low-frequency resource units (RUs) and high-frequency RUs. The data field includes first data for the low-frequency RU and second data for the high-frequency RU. wherein the first data is generated by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation mapping on the coded data bits and by applying dual carrier modulation (DCM), wherein the second data is copied to the first data for repeated transmission, wherein information of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defined for the repeated transmission is included in the EHT-SIG, and The EHT SU PPDU supports a single spatial stream.

7. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising: An extremely high throughput (EHT) single-user (SU) physical protocol data unit (PPDU) is generated by a transmitting station (STA); as well as The transmitting STA sends the EHT SU PPDU to the receiving STA via a first frequency band, The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes an EHT signal (EHT-SIG), The first frequency band includes low-frequency resource units (RUs) and high-frequency RUs. The data field includes first data for the low-frequency RU and second data for the high-frequency RU. wherein the first data is generated by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation mapping on the coded data bits and by applying dual carrier modulation (DCM), and wherein the second data is copied to the first data for repeated transmission, wherein information of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defined for the repeated transmission is included in the EHT-SIG, and The EHT SU PPDU supports a single spatial stream.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The coded data bits are allocated only to the low-frequency RUs, wherein constellation mapping and low-density parity check (LDPC) tone mapping are performed on the coded data bits in the low-frequency RU based on the BPSK and the DCM, wherein, after generating the first data, a first pilot tone for the first data is inserted into the low frequency RU, Wherein, after generating the second data, a second pilot tone for the second data is inserted into the high frequency RU.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein: Based on the first frequency band being 80 MHz, the low-frequency RU is a first 484-tone RU having a low frequency, and the high-frequency RU is a second 484-tone RU having a high frequency, The first 484-tone RU and the second 484-tone RU are resource units including 484 tones.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein: Based on the first frequency band being 160 MHz, the low-frequency RU is a first 996-tone RU having a low frequency, and the high-frequency RU is a second 996-tone RU having a high frequency, The first 996-tone RU and the second 996-tone RU are resource units including 996 tones.

11. The method according to claim 7, wherein: Based on the first frequency band being 320 MHz, the low-frequency RU is a first 2x996-tone RU having a low frequency, and the high-frequency RU is a second 2x996-tone RU having a high frequency, The first 2x996-tone RU and the second 2x996-tone RU are resource units including 2x996 tones.

12. A transmitting station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the transmitting STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as a processor operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver, Wherein, the processor is configured to: Generates Extremely High Throughput (EHT) Single User (SU) Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), and transmitting the EHT SU PPDU to a receiving STA via a first frequency band, The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes an EHT signal (EHT-SIG), The first frequency band includes low-frequency resource units (RUs) and high-frequency RUs. The data field includes first data for the low-frequency RU and second data for the high-frequency RU. wherein the first data is generated by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation mapping on the coded data bits and by applying dual carrier modulation (DCM), and wherein the second data is copied to the first data for repeated transmission, wherein information of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defined for the repeated transmission is included in the EHT-SIG, and The EHT SU PPDU supports a single spatial stream.

13. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that are executed by at least one processor and perform a method comprising the steps of: receiving an extremely high throughput (EHT) single-user (SU) physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting station (STA) over a first frequency band; and Decoding the EHT SU PPDU, in, The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field, The preamble includes an EHT signal (EHT-SIG), The first frequency band includes low-frequency resource units (RUs) and high-frequency RUs. The data field includes first data for the low-frequency RU and second data for the high-frequency RU. wherein the first data is generated by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation mapping on the coded data bits and by applying dual carrier modulation (DCM), and wherein the second data is copied to the first data for repeated transmission, wherein information of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defined for the repeated transmission is included in the EHT-SIG, and The EHT SU PPDU supports a single spatial stream.

14. A device in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the device comprising: Memory; as well as a processor operatively connected to the memory, Wherein, the processor is configured to: receiving an extremely high throughput (EHT) single-user (SU) physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting station (STA) over a first frequency band, and Decoding the EHT SU PPDU, The PPDU includes a preamble and a data field. The preamble includes an EHT signal (EHT-SIG), The first frequency band includes low-frequency resource units (RUs) and high-frequency RUs. The data field includes first data for the low-frequency RU and second data for the high-frequency RU. wherein the first data is generated by performing binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation mapping on the coded data bits and by applying dual carrier modulation (DCM), and wherein the second data is copied to the first data for repeated transmission, wherein information of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defined for the repeated transmission is included in the EHT-SIG, and The EHT SU PPDU supports a single spatial stream.

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