A device and method for simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions

Abstract

The application discloses a device capable of simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions, wherein a first aspheric lens, a second aspheric lens and a first dichroic mirror are sequentially arranged, a second mechanical pinhole plate, a second narrowband filter, a fifth aspheric lens and a sixth aspheric lens are sequentially arranged on a reflection light path of the first dichroic mirror, a second folding mirror is adjusted, and fluorescent light is reflected to a second digital camera or is incident to a second photomultiplier tube; a first mechanical pinhole plate, a first narrowband filter, a third aspheric lens and a fourth aspheric lens are sequentially arranged on a transmission light path of the first dichroic mirror, a first folding mirror is adjusted, and fluorescent light is reflected to a first digital camera or is incident to a first photomultiplier tube. The application further discloses a method capable of simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions. The application is integrated on a light surface package board, only needs one vacuum window for imaging and one primary imaging system, is more integrated and simple, and saves research and development cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the field of fluorescence imaging technology, and more specifically to a device that can simultaneously achieve clear imaging of different types of ions, and also to a method that can simultaneously achieve clear imaging of different types of ions. It is used in fields such as precision measurement, laser physics, frequency standards, and quantum information that require trapping ultracold atoms and imaging them. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the rapid development of cold atom and laser technologies has led to their widespread application in many fields, particularly in experiments involving the interaction of atoms or molecules with lasers, such as optical frequency standards and quantum information. These applications require the readout of the quantum states of trapped cold atoms and ions, and the primary challenge is to clearly image these atoms and ions. For imaging a single type of atom or ion, a mature technical solution currently exists. Fluorescence emitted by the atom or ion is collected and imaged by an aspheric lens assembly, then imaged by an electron multiplying digital camera (EMCCD) or read by a photomultiplier tube (PMT). Stray light fields are filtered using narrowband filters and mechanical apertures, enabling efficient readout of quantum states during cold atom manipulation. However, the most advanced research is gradually focusing on the Bose-Einstein condensation of ions deep in atoms, the interaction between atoms and ions, chemical reactions between different types of atoms induced by external fields, and the study of Bell inequalities between different ions. These fields all involve the manipulation of the quantum states of two different types of atoms / ions. Clear imaging of different types of atomic systems is one of the main problems currently faced. This is mainly due to the different wavelengths of the transitions selected for atom / ion imaging, which in turn leads to different positions of the imaging system's clear imaging surface for atoms / ions. In addition, the imaging of different types of atomic systems also faces the impact of the imaging of one ion on the imaging of another ion, which needs to be avoided and eliminated technically. From a commercial and practical application perspective, an integrated imaging system has higher stability, a more integrated and simple structure, saves R&D costs, and is more conducive to the industrialization and practical application of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and solve the above-mentioned main problems, the application discloses a device capable of simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions and a method capable of simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions, wherein only one set of primary imaging system is used to collect the fluorescence emitted by calcium ions and ytterbium ions, since the corresponding wavelengths of the fluorescence emitted by the calcium ions and the ytterbium ions are different, the corresponding fluorescence (369nm) of the ytterbium ions and the corresponding fluorescence (397nm) of the calcium ions can be separated through a dichroic mirror, then the stray light is filtered through the holes of a mechanical pinhole plate and the corresponding narrowband filter of each wavelength, and then the filtered light enters the corresponding CCD and PMT for imaging and photon reading. Since the fluorescence emitted by each kind of ion is filtered twice through the dichroic mirror and the narrowband filter, the mutual interference problem between the ion imaging is basically eliminated. The positions of the primary imaging system for the atomic / ion clear imaging surface are different due to the different wavelengths, and the position of the independently adjustable secondary imaging lens group of the application enables the clear imaging of the imaging image on the CCD and PMT photosensitive surface, thereby solving the above two main imaging problems. In addition, the application only needs one vacuum window and one primary imaging system, and is more integrated, simple and economical in research and development cost. Compared with the independent imaging system, the integrated design of the application has higher stability and is more conducive to the industrialization and practical application of the system.

[0004] The above-mentioned object of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0005] A device capable of simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions, a first aspheric lens, a second aspheric lens and a first dichroic mirror are sequentially arranged, a second mechanical pinhole plate, a second narrowband filter, a fifth aspheric lens and a sixth aspheric lens are sequentially arranged on the reflection light path of the first dichroic mirror, the second folding mirror can be adjusted to make the fluorescence transmitted by the sixth aspheric lens reflected to the second digital camera by the second folding mirror, the second folding mirror can also be adjusted to make the fluorescence transmitted by the sixth aspheric lens not be blocked by the second folding mirror and be incident on the second photomultiplier tube, a first mechanical pinhole plate, a first narrowband filter, a third aspheric lens and a fourth aspheric lens are sequentially arranged on the transmission light path of the first dichroic mirror, the first folding mirror can be adjusted to make the fluorescence transmitted by the fourth aspheric lens reflected to the first digital camera by the first folding mirror, and the first folding mirror can also be adjusted to make the fluorescence transmitted by the fourth aspheric lens not be blocked by the first folding mirror and be incident on the first photomultiplier tube.

[0006] As described above, the first aspheric lens and the second aspheric lens are arranged in the first aluminum sleeve, and the first dichroic mirror is installed in the first cube mount. The four circumferential side surfaces of the first cube mount are respectively the first side surface, the second side surface, the third side surface, and the fourth side surface. A vacuum window is provided at the front end of the first aluminum sleeve, and the rear end of the first aluminum sleeve is screwed onto the first side surface of the first cube mount through an internal thread.

[0007] As described above, the second mechanical pinhole plate, the second narrowband filter, the fifth aspheric lens and the sixth aspheric lens are arranged in the fifth aluminum sleeve, the second folding mirror is arranged in the third cube mount, the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve is connected to the second side surface of the first cube mount, the rear end of the fifth aluminum sleeve is connected to the third cube mount, the second digital camera is connected to the third cube mount through the seventh aluminum sleeve, and the second photomultiplier tube is connected to the third cube mount through the sixth aluminum sleeve.

[0008] As described above, the second mechanical pinhole plate is mounted on the second translation adjustment frame, and the second translation adjustment frame is mounted in the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve.

[0009] As described above, the first mechanical pinhole plate, the first narrowband filter, the third aspheric lens and the fourth aspheric lens are arranged in the second aluminum sleeve, the first folding mirror is arranged in the second cube mount, the front end of the second aluminum sleeve is connected to the third side surface of the first cube mount, the rear end of the second aluminum sleeve is connected to the second cube mount, the first digital camera is connected to the second cube mount through the fourth aluminum sleeve, and the first photomultiplier tube is connected to the second cube mount through the third aluminum sleeve.

[0010] As described above, the first mechanical pinhole plate is mounted on the first translation adjustment frame, and the first translation adjustment frame is mounted in the front end of the second aluminum sleeve.

[0011] As described above, the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve is connected to the second side surface of the first cube mount through the second rubber corrugated hose, the front end of the second aluminum sleeve is connected to the third side surface of the first cube mount through the first rubber corrugated hose, the first cube mount is fixed on the first three-dimensional displacement platform, the second aluminum sleeve is fixed on the second three-dimensional displacement platform, and the fifth aluminum sleeve is fixed on the third three-dimensional displacement platform.

[0012] A method for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Fluorescence emitted by the two ions passes through a vacuum window, is collected by a first aspheric lens, and then sequentially passes through a second aspheric lens before being incident on a first dichroic mirror. The micrometer of the first three-dimensional translation stage is adjusted so that the fluorescence completely enters the first dichroic mirror. The first dichroic mirror transmits the fluorescence of one ion and reflects the fluorescence of the other.

[0014] Step 2: The fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror passes through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate, and the imaging focus position is located at the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate. The first translation adjustment frame is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror completely passes through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate. After the fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror passes through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate, it passes through the first narrow-band filter, the third aspheric lens, and the fourth aspheric lens in sequence. The micrometer of the second three-dimensional translation stage is adjusted so that the fluorescence passes along the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate and the center of the second aluminum sleeve. The first folding mirror is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens is reflected by the first folding mirror in the second cube mount and enters the photosensitive surface of the first digital camera; or the first folding mirror is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens is not blocked by the first folding mirror in the second cube mount and enters the photosensitive surface of the first photomultiplier tube.

[0015] Step 3. The fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror passes through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate, and the imaging focus position is located at the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate. The second translation adjustment frame is adjusted to make the fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror completely pass through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate. After the fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror passes through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate, it passes through the second narrow-band filter, the fifth aspheric lens and the sixth aspheric lens in sequence. The micrometer of the third three-dimensional displacement stage is adjusted so that the fluorescence passes along the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate and the center of the fifth aluminum sleeve. The second folding mirror is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens is reflected into the photosensitive surface of the second digital camera through the second folding mirror in the third cube mount; or the second folding mirror is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens is not blocked by the second folding mirror in the third cube mount and enters the photosensitive surface of the second photomultiplier tube.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention breaks through the technical limitation of traditional single ion imaging that cannot clearly image multiple ions at the same time, realizes the ability to clearly image different types of ions at the same time, and solves the problem of mutual interference between ion imaging. Fluorescence collection only requires a vacuum window and a primary main imaging system, which greatly reduces the occupation of the vacuum window on the experimental physics system by the imaging part, and all optical elements of the present invention are integrated on a small optical breadboard, and the various optical elements are connected and fixed by the threads and retaining rings of the aluminum sleeve. As a whole, the stability is better. The whole set of devices is simple, which greatly saves research and development costs. Compared with independent imaging devices, the integrated design of the present invention has higher stability, which is of great significance in the engineering application of optical clocks. It can also be widely used in fields such as precision measurement, laser physics, frequency standards, quantum information, etc. that require different types of ion imaging and quantum state reading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device that can simultaneously achieve clear imaging of different types of ions;

[0019] in:

[0020] Ion1 and Ion2 are two different types of ions, and f is the ion trapped in the center of the ion trap;

[0021] W is the vacuum window;

[0022] L1 to L6 are the first to sixth aspheric lenses respectively;

[0023] T1 to T7 are the first to seventh 1-inch aluminum casings respectively;

[0024] S1 and S2 are respectively a first 1-inch black rubber corrugated hose and a second 1-inch black rubber corrugated hose;

[0025] Y1 to Y3 are the first to third three-dimensional translation stages with three-dimensional linear adjustment, respectively;

[0026] C1 and C2 are the first translation adjustment frame and the second translation adjustment frame respectively;

[0027] H1 and H2 are respectively the first mechanical orifice plate and the second mechanical orifice plate with a diameter of 40 μm;

[0028] Q1 to Q3 are the first to third cubic mounting seats respectively;

[0029] F1 and F2 are the first and second narrowband filters respectively; F1 corresponds to a central wavelength of 397nm and a bandwidth of 10nm; F2 corresponds to a central wavelength of 369nm and a bandwidth of 10nm;

[0030] DM is a dichroic mirror with a cut-off wavelength of 380 nm, 92% reflection at 369 nm, and 95% transmission at 397 nm;

[0031] FM1 and FM2 are the first and second folding mirrors respectively, and have two adjustment knobs for adjusting the position of the image on the CCD or PMT.

[0032] PMT1~PMT2 are the first photomultiplier tube and the second photomultiplier tube respectively;

[0033] CCD1 to CCD2 are respectively the first digital camera and the second digital camera;

[0034] B is an optical breadboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present patent, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that the examples described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] The device can simultaneously realize clear imaging of different kinds of ions, and can realize clear imaging of different kinds of ions and solve the problem of mutual interference between ion imaging. Each element is highly integrated on an optical breadboard, and the device can be integrally moved and installed. The device only needs one vacuum window to realize imaging of different kinds of ions, greatly simplifies the complexity of the experimental device, greatly saves the development cost, and is conducive to engineering application of the device.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 A device capable of simultaneously realizing clear imaging of different kinds of ions includes aspherical lenses (L1-L6), aluminum sleeves (T1-T7), rubber corrugated hoses (S1-S2), three-dimensional displacement tables (Y1-Y3), translation adjustment frames (C1-C2), mechanical aperture plates (H1-H2), cubic mounting seats (Q1-Q3), narrow-band filters (F1-F2), dichroic mirrors DM, folding mirrors (FM1-FM2), photomultiplier tubes (PMT1-PMT2), and digital cameras (CCD1-CCD2) arranged on a breadboard B.

[0039] The first primary imaging system includes the first aspherical lens L1 and the second aspherical lens L2.

[0040] The circumferential four sides of the first cubic mounting seat Q1 are sequentially a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, and the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side correspond to the first aspherical lens L1, the second aspherical lens L2, the third aspherical lens L3, and the fourth aspherical lens L4, respectively. Figure 1 The left side, the upper side, the right side, and the lower side of the first cubic mounting seat Q1.

[0041] The first aspheric lens L1 and the second aspheric lens L2 are fixed in a one-inch first aluminum sleeve T1 via a retaining ring. A vacuum window W is provided at the front end of the first aluminum sleeve T1. The rear end of the first aluminum sleeve T1 is screwed onto the first side surface of the first cube mount Q1 via an internal thread. The first cube mount Q1 is mounted on a first three-dimensional translation stage Y1 (in this embodiment, the first three-dimensional translation stage Y1 can be adjusted by 15 mm in the vertical, horizontal, and front and back positions). The central axes of the first aspheric lens L1 and the second aspheric lens L2 are collinear with the principal optical axis. The first dichroic mirror DM is mounted in the first cube mount Q1. The first dichroic mirror DM forms a 45-degree angle with the principal optical axis. The first dichroic mirror DM has a cutoff wavelength of 380 nm, a reflectivity of over 92% at 369 nm, and a transmittance of 95% at 397 nm.

[0042] The first mechanical pinhole plate H1 (the pinhole has a diameter of 40 microns) is installed on the first translation adjustment frame C1, and the second mechanical pinhole plate H2 (the diameter of 40 microns) is installed on the second translation adjustment frame C2. By adjusting the first translation adjustment frame C1 and the second translation adjustment frame C2, the positions of the holes of the first mechanical pinhole plate H1 and the second mechanical pinhole plate H2 are adjusted so that the holes of the first mechanical pinhole plate H1 and the second mechanical pinhole plate H2 are located at the imaging focus position. The first translation adjustment frame C1 is installed in the front end of the second aluminum sleeve T2, and the front end of the second aluminum sleeve T2 is connected to the third side of the first cube mount Q1 through the first rubber corrugated hose S1. The second translation adjustment frame C2 is installed in the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve T5, and the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve T5 is connected to the second side of the first cube mount Q1 through the second rubber corrugated hose S2. The second aluminum sleeve T2 is connected along the first dichroic mirror DM A first narrow-band filter F1 (a narrow-band filter with a central wavelength of 397 nm, which only allows 397 nm laser light to pass through and has a transmittance greater than 90%), a third aspheric lens L3 and a fourth aspheric lens L4 are sequentially arranged in the transmission direction of the reflected light of the first dichroic mirror DM. A second narrow-band filter F2 (a narrow-band filter with a central wavelength of 369 nm, which only allows 369 nm laser light to pass through and has a transmittance greater than 90%), a fifth aspheric lens L5 and a sixth aspheric lens L6 are sequentially arranged in the fifth aluminum sleeve T5 along the direction of the reflected light of the first dichroic mirror DM. The second aluminum sleeve T2 is fixed on the second three-dimensional displacement stage Y2 (in this embodiment, the second three-dimensional displacement stage Y2 can be adjusted by 15 mm in the up-down, left-right, and front-back positions). The fifth aluminum sleeve T5 is fixed on the third three-dimensional displacement stage Y3 (in this embodiment, the third three-dimensional displacement stage Y3 can be adjusted by 15 mm in the up-down, left-right, and front-back positions).

[0043] The four circumferential sides of the second cubic mounting seat Q2 are respectively the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side. The first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side correspond to Figure 1The left side, top side, right side, and bottom side of the second cube mount Q2.

[0044] The secondary imaging lens assembly for calcium ions (corresponding to a wavelength of 397 nm) includes a third aspheric lens L3 and a fourth aspheric lens L4, mounted within a second aluminum sleeve T2. The rear end of the second aluminum sleeve T2 is screwed onto the first side surface of a second cubic mount Q2 via internal threads. The second aluminum sleeve T2 and the second cubic mount Q2 are secured to the second three-dimensional translation stage Y2. A first folding mirror FM1 is mounted within the second cubic mount Q2. A first photomultiplier tube PMT1 is connected to one end of the third aluminum sleeve T3, the other end of which is connected to the third side surface of the second cubic mount Q2. The third aluminum sleeve T3 is a telescopic sleeve. A first digital camera CCD1 is connected to one end of a fourth aluminum sleeve T4, the other end of which is connected to the second side surface of the second cubic mount Q2. The fourth aluminum sleeve T4 is a telescopic sleeve. The first folding mirror FM1 can be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspherical lens L4 is reflected by the first folding mirror FM1 to the first digital camera CCD1. The first folding mirror FM1 can also be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspherical lens L4 is not blocked by the first folding mirror FM1 and enters the first photomultiplier tube PMT1.

[0045] The four circumferential sides of the third cubic mounting base Q3 are respectively the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side. The first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side correspond to Figure 1 The left side, upper side, right side, and lower side of the third cube mount Q3.

[0046] The secondary imaging lens assembly for ytterbium ions (corresponding to a wavelength of 369 nm) includes a fifth aspheric lens L5 and a sixth aspheric lens L6, which are mounted within a fifth aluminum sleeve T5. The rear end of the fifth aluminum sleeve T5 is screwed onto the fourth side surface of the third cubic mount Q3 via internal threads. The fifth aluminum sleeve T5 and the third cubic mount Q3 are fixed to the third three-dimensional translation stage Y3. The second folding mirror FM2 is mounted within the third cubic mount Q3. The second photomultiplier tube PMT2 is mounted at one end of the sixth aluminum sleeve T6, the other end of which is connected to the second side surface of the third cubic mount Q3. The sixth aluminum sleeve T6 is a telescopic sleeve. The second digital camera CCD2 is connected to one end of the seventh aluminum sleeve T7, the other end of which is connected to the third side surface of the third cubic mount Q3. The seventh aluminum sleeve T7 is a telescopic sleeve. The second folding mirror FM2 can be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens L6 is reflected by the second folding mirror FM2 to the second digital camera CCD2. The second folding mirror FM2 can also be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens L6 is not blocked by the second folding mirror FM2 and enters the second photomultiplier tube PMT2.

[0047] A method for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions, using the above-mentioned device for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions, comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Fluorescence emitted by calcium and ytterbium ions within the vacuum chamber passes through the vacuum window W on the chamber and is collected by the first aspheric lens L1. The first and second aspheric lenses L1 and L2 form a primary imaging system. The fluorescence passes through the primary imaging system and enters the first dichroic mirror DM. The first dichroic mirror DM transmits the 397nm fluorescence and reflects the 369nm fluorescence, separating the two wavelengths. This achieves a primary filtering step and essentially eliminates the influence of one ion's imaging on the other. During this process, the micrometer of the first three-dimensional translation stage Y1 can be adjusted to ensure that the fluorescence is fully incident on the first dichroic mirror DM.

[0049] Step 2: After passing through the primary imaging system and the first dichroic mirror DM, the fluorescence emitted by the calcium ions forms a clear image. The focal point of the image is located at the aperture of the first mechanical pinhole plate H1. The first translation adjustment frame C1 is adjusted to ensure that the fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror DM completely passes through the aperture of the first mechanical pinhole plate H1. After passing through the aperture of the first mechanical pinhole plate H1, the fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror DM passes through the first narrowband filter F1 with a central wavelength of 397 nm to filter out light components with other wavelengths. The fluorescence then passes through the third aspheric lens L3 and the fourth aspheric lens L4. During this process, the micrometer of the second three-dimensional translation stage Y2 can be adjusted to ensure that the fluorescence passes along the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate H1 and the center of the second aluminum sleeve T2, and the first folding mirror FM1 is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens L4 is reflected by the first folding mirror FM1 in the second cube mount Q2 and enters the photosensitive surface of the first digital camera CCD1; or the first folding mirror FM1 is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens L4 is not blocked by the first folding mirror FM1 in the second cube mount Q2 and enters the photosensitive surface of the first photomultiplier tube PMT1, and finally selectively forms an image on the photosensitive surface of the first photomultiplier tube PMT1 or the photosensitive surface of the first digital camera CCD1, forming a clear image.

[0050] Step 3: The fluorescence emitted by the ytterbium ions is reflected by the primary imaging system and the first dichroic mirror DM, forming a clear image. The imaging focal point is located at the aperture of the second mechanical aperture plate H2. The second translation adjustment frame C2 is adjusted to ensure that the fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror DM passes completely through the aperture of the second mechanical aperture plate H2. After passing through the aperture of the second mechanical aperture plate H2, the fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror DM passes through the second narrowband filter F2 with a central wavelength of 369 nm to filter out light components of other wavelengths. The fluorescence then passes through the fifth aspheric lens L5 and the sixth aspheric lens L6. During this process, the micrometer of the third three-dimensional translation stage Y3 can be adjusted to ensure that the fluorescence passes along the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate H2 and the center of the fifth aluminum sleeve T5, and the second folding mirror FM2 can be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens L6 is reflected into the photosensitive surface of the second digital camera CCD2 through the second folding mirror FM2 in the third cube mount Q3; or the second folding mirror FM2 can be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens L6 is not blocked by the second folding mirror FM2 in the third cube mount Q3 and enters the photosensitive surface of the second photomultiplier tube PMT2, and finally selectively forms an image on the photosensitive surface of the second photomultiplier tube PMT2 or the photosensitive surface of the second digital camera CCD2, forming a clear image.

[0051] The key design points of the present invention are: First, it enables clear imaging of different types of ions, solving the problem of mutual interference between images of different ion types. Second, only a single vacuum window is required to image multiple different ions, greatly simplifying the complexity of the experimental setup. Third, the various optical components of the present invention are highly integrated into an optical breadboard, which can be removably installed as a whole, resulting in high integration and strong practicality. This design significantly reduces manufacturing costs and space requirements, and is of great significance and value in the engineering applications of optical clocks and quantum computers.

[0052] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device capable of simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions, comprising a first aspheric lens (L1), characterized in that: A first aspheric lens (L1), a second aspheric lens (L2) and a first dichroic mirror (DM) are arranged in sequence, a second mechanical pinhole plate (H2), a second narrowband filter (F2), a fifth aspheric lens (L5) and a sixth aspheric lens (L6) are arranged in sequence on a reflection light path of the first dichroic mirror (DM), a second folding mirror (FM2) can be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens (L6) is reflected by the second folding mirror (FM2) to a second digital camera (CCD2), and the second folding mirror (FM2) can also be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens (L6) is not reflected by the second folding mirror (FM2). ) is blocked and enters the second photomultiplier tube (PMT2), a first mechanical pinhole plate (H1), a first narrowband filter (F1), a third aspheric lens (L3) and a fourth aspheric lens (L4) are sequentially arranged on the transmission light path of the first dichroic mirror (DM), a first folding mirror (FM1) can be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens (L4) is reflected by the first folding mirror (FM1) to the first digital camera (CCD1), and the first folding mirror (FM1) can also be adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens (L4) is not blocked by the first folding mirror (FM1) and enters the first photomultiplier tube (PMT1), The first aspheric lens (L1) and the second aspheric lens (L2) are arranged in a first aluminum sleeve (T1), and the first dichroic mirror (DM) is installed in a first cube mount (Q1). The four circumferential side surfaces of the first cube mount (Q1) are respectively the first side surface, the second side surface, the third side surface, and the fourth side surface. A vacuum window (W) is provided at the front end of the first aluminum sleeve (T1), and the rear end of the first aluminum sleeve (T1) is screwed onto the first side surface of the first cube mount (Q1) via an internal thread. The second mechanical pinhole plate (H2), the second narrowband filter (F2), the fifth aspheric lens (L5) and the sixth aspheric lens (L6) are arranged in a fifth aluminum sleeve (T5); the second folding mirror (FM2) is arranged in a third cube mount (Q3); the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve (T5) is connected to the second side surface of the first cube mount (Q1); the rear end of the fifth aluminum sleeve (T5) is connected to the third cube mount (Q3); the second digital camera (CCD2) is connected to the third cube mount (Q3) via a seventh aluminum sleeve (T7); and the second photomultiplier tube (PMT2) is connected to the third cube mount (Q3) via a sixth aluminum sleeve (T6). The second mechanical pinhole plate (H2) is mounted on a second translation adjustment frame (C2), and the second translation adjustment frame (C2) is mounted inside the front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve (T5).

2. The device for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mechanical pinhole plate (H1), the first narrowband filter (F1), the third aspheric lens (L3) and the fourth aspheric lens (L4) are arranged in a second aluminum sleeve (T2); the first folding mirror (FM1) is arranged in a second cube mounting seat (Q2); the front end of the second aluminum sleeve (T2) is connected to the third side surface of the first cube mounting seat (Q1); the rear end of the second aluminum sleeve (T2) is connected to the second cube mounting seat (Q2); the first digital camera (CCD1) is connected to the second cube mounting seat (Q2) via the fourth aluminum sleeve (T4); and the first photomultiplier tube (PMT1) is connected to the second cube mounting seat (Q2) via the third aluminum sleeve (T3).

3. The device for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first mechanical pinhole plate (H1) is mounted on a first translation adjustment frame (C1), and the first translation adjustment frame (C1) is mounted inside the front end of the second aluminum sleeve (T2).

4. The device for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of the fifth aluminum sleeve (T5) is connected to the second side surface of the first cube mounting seat (Q1) via a second rubber corrugated hose (S2); the front end of the second aluminum sleeve (T2) is connected to the third side surface of the first cube mounting seat (Q1) via the first rubber corrugated hose (S1); the first cube mounting seat (Q1) is fixed on the first three-dimensional displacement stage (Y1); the second aluminum sleeve (T2) is fixed on the second three-dimensional displacement stage (Y2); and the fifth aluminum sleeve (T5) is fixed on the third three-dimensional displacement stage (Y3).

5. A method for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions, using the device for simultaneously achieving clear imaging of different types of ions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The fluorescence emitted by the two ions passes through the vacuum window (W) and is collected by the first aspheric lens (L1). The fluorescence then passes through the second aspheric lens (L2) and is incident on the first dichroic mirror (DM). The micrometer of the first three-dimensional translation stage (Y1) is adjusted so that the fluorescence is completely incident on the first dichroic mirror (DM). The first dichroic mirror (DM) transmits the fluorescence of one ion and reflects the fluorescence of the other ion. Step 2: The fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror (DM) passes through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate (H1), and the imaging focus is located at the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate (H1). The first translation adjustment frame (C1) is adjusted to make the fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror (DM) completely pass through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate (H1). After the fluorescence transmitted through the first dichroic mirror (DM) passes through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate (H1), it passes through the first narrowband filter (F1), the third aspheric lens (L3) and the fourth aspheric lens (L4) in sequence. The micrometer of the second three-dimensional displacement stage (Y2) is adjusted. The first folding mirror (FM1) is adjusted so that the fluorescence passes through the hole of the first mechanical pinhole plate (H1) and the center of the second aluminum sleeve (T2), and the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens (L4) is reflected by the first folding mirror (FM1) in the second cube mounting seat (Q2) and enters the photosensitive surface of the first digital camera (CCD1); or the first folding mirror (FM1) is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the fourth aspheric lens (L4) is not blocked by the first folding mirror (FM1) in the second cube mounting seat (Q2) and enters the photosensitive surface of the first photomultiplier tube (PMT1); Step 3: The fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror (DM) passes through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate (H2), and the imaging focus is located at the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate (H2). The second translation adjustment frame (C2) is adjusted to make the fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror (DM) completely pass through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate (H2). After the fluorescence reflected by the first dichroic mirror (DM) passes through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate (H2), it passes through the second narrowband filter (F2), the fifth aspheric lens (L5) and the sixth aspheric lens (L6) in sequence. The third three-dimensional displacement stage (Y3) is adjusted to adjust the micrometer The second folding mirror (FM2) is adjusted so that the fluorescence passes through the hole of the second mechanical pinhole plate (H2) and the center of the fifth aluminum sleeve (T5), and the second folding mirror (FM2) is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens (L6) is reflected by the second folding mirror (FM2) in the third cube mount (Q3) into the photosensitive surface of the second digital camera (CCD2); or the second folding mirror (FM2) is adjusted so that the fluorescence transmitted through the sixth aspheric lens (L6) is not blocked by the second folding mirror (FM2) in the third cube mount (Q3) and enters the photosensitive surface of the second photomultiplier tube (PMT2).

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