House building municipal unloading device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of unloading platforms, in particular to a house building municipal unloading device, which comprises two floor plates, two first pull rings are fixed on one side of the upper floor plate, an I-beam cantilever beam is arranged on the upper side of the lower floor plate, a hopper is arranged at one end of the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam, and an inclined pull rod is hung in the two first pull rings. Through the tension balance mechanism, the I-beam cantilever beam can always exert equal tension on the two inclined pull rods, the length of the two inclined pull rods is adjusted by workers, the construction efficiency is improved, the tension on the two inclined pull rods is always completely equal, a more reliable tensioning effect is provided on the two sides of the I-beam cantilever beam, the situation that the two inclined pull rods are unevenly stressed due to the gravity center deviation of goods above the I-beam cantilever beam can be well avoided, the two inclined pull rods are prevented from being broken due to uneven stress, and the use safety of the device is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unloading platform technology, and in particular to an unloading device for building and municipal construction. Background Technology

[0002] Unloading platforms are temporary workbenches and scaffolds commonly erected on construction sites, generally used for material handling. In municipal construction, because the floor area of ​​each municipal building is larger than that of ordinary residential buildings, more materials need to be transferred between different floors.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent CN111852048B, which discloses a material unloading device for high-rise building construction. The device includes an unloading platform and a lifting mechanism for raising the platform. The unloading platform comprises a base plate and two support beams for supporting the base plate. The base plate is a rectangular plate, and the two support beams are slidably connected to both sides of the lower end face of the base plate. The support beams can slide along the length of the base plate. A locking element is provided between the support beams and the base plate to securely connect the support beams to the base plate when the two support beams extend into the floor slab and are fixedly connected with pre-embedded anchor bolts.

[0004] Based on the above research and in light of real-world problems, it was found that existing construction unloading platforms typically use steel wire ropes to apply tension to one end of a cantilever beam and fix that end. Each movement of the unloading platform requires workers to fix the steel wire rope to one end of the cantilever beam and adjust its tension. This is not only inefficient, but also, with repeated use, the length of the steel wire rope changes due to stress and wear. Furthermore, errors in worker adjustments to the rope tension cannot guarantee that the two steel wire ropes on either side will apply tension to both sides of the cantilever beam. With completely equal tension, when the hopper above the cantilever beam is loaded with goods, different tensions are applied to the two wire ropes on both sides, resulting in uneven stress on the two wire ropes. During the transfer of goods, the wire rope with greater stress is prone to breakage, increasing safety hazards. In addition, when workers load goods into the hopper, they cannot ensure that the center of gravity of the goods is in the middle of the hopper. If the center of gravity shifts, the weight of the goods will be biased to one side of the cantilever beam, which will again cause uneven stress on the two wire ropes, affecting the overall balance of the unloading platform and the goods, and increasing the risk of wire rope breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a building construction and municipal engineering unloading device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a building construction and municipal unloading device, comprising two floor slabs, two first pull rings fixed on one side of the upper floor slab, and an I-beam cantilever beam provided on the upper side of the lower floor slab, with a hopper provided at one end of the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam, and inclined tie rods hanging inside the two first pull rings; further comprising: a tension balancing mechanism, the tension balancing mechanism being located between the two inclined tie rods and the I-beam cantilever beam; and a center of gravity adjustment mechanism, the center of gravity adjustment mechanism being located between the I-beam cantilever beam and the hopper.

[0007] Preferably, the tension balancing mechanism includes a fixed sleeve fixed to one end of the lower side of the I-beam cantilever beam. A rotating sleeve is rotatably connected through the inner side of the fixed sleeve. Two half-shafts are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner ends of the rotating sleeve via bearings. A bevel gear shaft is fixed at the middle position of the inner side of the rotating sleeve. Two second bevel gears are symmetrically rotatably connected to the outer ends of the bevel gear shaft. A first bevel gear is fixed to one end of each of the two half-shafts. The two first bevel gears and the two second bevel gears mesh with each other. A housing is rotatably fitted to the other outer ends of each of the two half-shafts. A sliding column is slidably inserted into one end of each of the two housings. A second pull ring is fixed to one end of each of the two sliding columns. The two second pull rings are respectively hung on the outer sides of two diagonal tie rods. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of each of the two sliding columns. A diagonal arm is fixed to one side of the other end of each of the two half-shafts. One end of each diagonal arm is rotatably connected to one end of each of the two connecting rods.

[0008] Preferably, the center of gravity adjustment mechanism includes two guide bars fixed to the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam. Each guide bar has a sliding strip slidably connected to its upper side. Two spring posts are symmetrically fixed to both ends of the upper side of each sliding bar. Side springs are connected to the upper ends of each of the four spring posts. The upper ends of the four side springs are connected to the lower side of the hopper. A column is fixed to the middle section of the upper side of each of the two sliding bars. A rotating block is rotatably connected to the upper end of each of the two columns. A guide post is slidably inserted into the upper end of each of the two rotating blocks. The upper ends of the two guide posts are fixedly connected to the lower side of the hopper, and a buffer spring is sleeved on the outer side of each guide post. A gear linkage shaft is fixed between the two guide posts. Two sector gears are fixed at both ends of the outer side of the gear linkage shaft. A speed-changing gear shaft is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two sliding bars at the middle position. A rack is fixed to one side of each of the two guide bars at the middle position. A first gear and a second gear are fixed to the outer side of each of the two speed-changing gear shafts. The two first gears mesh with the two sector gears respectively, and the two second gears mesh with the two racks respectively. A hopper positioning mechanism is provided between the two sliding bars and the two guide bars. Two offset warning mechanisms are symmetrically provided at both ends of the two sliding bars and the two guide bars.

[0009] Preferably, the hopper positioning mechanism includes two drive shafts rotatably connected between two sliding bars and a pressing mechanism respectively disposed inside the two sliding bars. The pressing mechanism includes four grooves opened at both ends of the sliding bars. The inner sides of the two grooves at the same end are slidably connected to movable plates. The lower ends of the two movable plates are elastically connected to one end of the inner side of the four grooves through return springs. The lower sides of the two movable plates are fixed with positioning pressure plates at the middle section. The outer sides of the two drive shafts are fixed with cams corresponding to the position of each movable plate. Two pressure rods are fixed at one end of each of the two drive shafts. A pedal is rotatably connected between the four pressure rods.

[0010] Preferably, each of the positioning plates is made of rubber, and each positioning plate has anti-slip texture on one side.

[0011] Preferably, the module of each of the two first gears is smaller than the module of each of the two second gears.

[0012] Preferably, the offset warning mechanism includes a toggle plate fixed at one end of the sliding bar and a spring clip fixing plate fixed at the corresponding position of the toggle plate on the side of the guide bar. Multiple warning spring clips are fixed at equal intervals on the upper side of the spring clip fixing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the lengths of the plurality of warning springs decrease sequentially.

[0014] Preferably, two limiting blocks are symmetrically fixed at both ends on the upper side of the two guide bars.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the I-beam cantilever beam is fixed to a floor slab below it by multiple U-shaped anchor bolts.

[0016] This invention provides an improved unloading device for building and municipal engineering, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] Firstly, this invention, through a tension balancing mechanism, ensures that the I-beam cantilever beam always applies equal tension to the two diagonal tie rods, eliminating the need for workers to adjust the length of the two tie rods, thus improving construction efficiency. Moreover, the fact that the tension on the two tie rods is always completely equal provides a more reliable tensile reinforcement to both sides of the I-beam cantilever beam. This effectively prevents uneven stress on the two tie rods caused by the shift of the center of gravity of the goods above the I-beam cantilever beam, thus avoiding breakage due to uneven stress and significantly improving the safety of the device.

[0018] Secondly, this invention, through its center-of-gravity adjustment mechanism, can adjust the position of the hopper and goods when the density or uneven arrangement of the goods inside the hopper causes unequal weight on both sides, resulting in a shift in the overall center of gravity of the hopper and goods. This minimizes the impact of the shifted center of gravity on the two tie rods, thus improving the reliability of the tie rods in securing the I-beam cantilever beam. Simultaneously, it prevents the shifted center of gravity from applying different pressures to both sides of the I-beam cantilever beam, preventing twisting and deformation, and further enhancing the safety of the device.

[0019] Thirdly, this invention uses an offset warning mechanism to generate a warning sound when the center of gravity of the hopper and the goods shifts, reminding workers that the center of gravity of the hopper has shifted and allowing them to adjust the arrangement of the goods inside the hopper in time, thereby reducing the probability of safety accidents.

[0020] Fourthly, the present invention uses a hopper positioning mechanism to fix the position of the sliding bar on the upper side of the guide bar. When the crane lifts the entire device, it can prevent the hopper and sliding bar from sliding left and right along the upper side of the guide bar, thereby preventing the device and goods from swinging during lifting and further improving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0028] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point D;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1. Floor slab; 2. First pull ring; 3. I-beam cantilever beam; 4. Hopper; 5. Diagonal tie rod; 6. U-shaped anchor bolt; 101. Fixed sleeve; 102. Housing; 103. Rotating sleeve; 104. Bearing; 105. Half shaft; 106. Connecting rod; 107. Sliding column; 108. Second pull ring; 109. Diagonal tie arm; 110. First bevel gear; 111. Bevel gear shaft; 112. Second bevel gear; 201. Guide bar; 202. Sliding bar; 203. Spring column; 204. Side spring; 205. Vertical 206. Column; 207. Rotating block; 208. Guide column; 209. Buffer spring; 200. Gear linkage shaft; 210. Sector gear; 211. Variable speed gear shaft; 212. First gear; 213. Second gear; 214. Rack; 215. Limit stop; 216. Actuating plate; 217. Spring fixing plate; 218. Warning spring; 301. Slide groove; 302. Movable plate; 303. Return spring; 304. Positioning pressure plate; 305. Drive shaft; 306. Pressure rod; 307. Pedal; 308. Cam. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention provides an improved unloading device for building and municipal construction. The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0036] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a building and municipal unloading device, including two floor slabs 1. Two first pull rings 2 are fixed on one side of the upper floor slab 1, and an I-beam cantilever beam 3 is provided on the upper side of the lower floor slab 1. A hopper 4 is provided at one end of the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam 3. An inclined tie rod 5 is hung inside each of the two first pull rings 2. The device also includes: a tension balancing mechanism, which is located between the two inclined tie rods 5 and the I-beam cantilever beam 3; and a center of gravity adjustment mechanism, which is located between the I-beam cantilever beam 3 and the hopper 4.

[0037] Furthermore, the tension balancing mechanism includes a fixed sleeve 101 fixed to one end of the lower side of the I-beam cantilever beam 3. A rotating sleeve 103 is rotatably connected through the inner side of the fixed sleeve 101. Two half-shafts 105 are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner ends of the rotating sleeve 103 via bearings 104. A bevel gear shaft 111 is fixed at the middle position of the inner side of the rotating sleeve 103. Two second bevel gears 112 are symmetrically rotatably connected to the outer ends of the bevel gear shaft 111. A first bevel gear 110 is fixed to one end of each of the two half-shafts 105. The two first bevel gears 110 and the two second bevel gears 112 are connected to each other. The bevel gears 112 mesh with each other through teeth. The outer ends of the two half-shafts 105 are rotatably fitted with housings 102. One end of each housing 102 is slidably inserted with a sliding post 107. One end of each sliding post 107 is fixed with a second pull ring 108. The two second pull rings 108 are respectively hung on the outer sides of the two diagonal tie rods 5. The other end of each sliding post 107 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 106. The other end of each half-shaft 105 is fixed with a diagonal tie arm 109 at one side. One end of each diagonal tie arm 109 is rotatably connected to one end of each connecting rod 106.

[0038] The tension balancing mechanism ensures that the I-beam cantilever beam 3 always applies equal tension to the two diagonal tie rods 5, eliminating the need for workers to adjust the length of the two diagonal tie rods 5, thus improving construction efficiency. Moreover, the fact that the tension on the two diagonal tie rods 5 is always completely equal provides a more reliable tensile reinforcement to both sides of the I-beam cantilever beam 3. This effectively prevents uneven stress on the two diagonal tie rods 5 caused by the shift of the center of gravity of the goods above the I-beam cantilever beam 3, thus avoiding breakage due to uneven stress and significantly improving the safety of the device.

[0039] Furthermore, the center of gravity adjustment mechanism includes two guide bars 201 fixed to the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam 3. Sliding bars 202 are slidably connected to the upper sides of both guide bars 201. Two spring pillars 203 are symmetrically fixed to both ends of the upper side of each of the four spring pillars 203. Side springs 204 are connected to the upper ends of each of the four side springs 204, and the upper ends of each side spring 204 are connected to the lower side of the hopper 4. A column 205 is fixed to the middle section of the upper side of each of the two sliding bars 202. A rotating block 206 is rotatably connected to the upper end of each of the two columns 205. A guide bar 207 is slidably inserted into the upper end of each of the two rotating blocks 206. The upper ends of each guide bar 207 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the hopper 4, and a buffer spring 208 is sleeved on the outer side of each guide bar 207. A gear linkage shaft 209 is fixed between the guide pillars 207. Two sector gears 210 are fixed at both ends of the outer side of the gear linkage shaft 209. A speed-changing gear shaft 211 is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two sliding bars 202 at the middle position. A rack 214 is fixed to one side of each of the two guide bars 201 at the middle position. A first gear 212 and a second gear 213 are fixed to the outer side of each of the two speed-changing gear shafts 211. The two first gears 212 mesh with the two sector gears 210 respectively, and the two second gears 213 mesh with the two racks 214 respectively. A hopper positioning mechanism is provided between the two sliding bars 202 and the two guide bars 201. Two offset warning mechanisms are symmetrically provided at both ends of the two sliding bars 202 and the two guide bars 201.

[0040] If the density of the goods inside the hopper 4 is different or the arrangement is uneven, resulting in unequal weight on both sides of the hopper 4 and causing the overall center of gravity of the hopper 4 and the goods to shift, the center of gravity adjustment mechanism can adjust the position of the hopper 4 and the goods. This will help to avoid the center of gravity shift causing different forces on the two diagonal tie rods 5, which will help improve the tensile reliability of the two diagonal tie rods 5 for the I-beam cantilever beam 3. At the same time, it can prevent the center of gravity shift from applying different pressures to both sides of the I-beam cantilever beam 3, preventing the I-beam cantilever beam 3 from twisting and deforming, and further improving the safety of the device.

[0041] Furthermore, the hopper positioning mechanism includes two drive shafts 305 rotatably connected between the two sliding bars 202 and a pressing mechanism respectively disposed inside the two sliding bars 202. The pressing mechanism includes four grooves 301 opened at both ends on both sides of the sliding bars 202. The inner sides of the two grooves 301 located at the same end are slidably connected to movable plates 302. The lower ends of the two movable plates 302 are elastically connected to one end of the inner side of the four grooves 301 through return springs 303. The lower sides of the two movable plates 302 are fixed at the middle section. The outer sides of the two drive shafts 305 are fixed with cams 308 corresponding to the position of each movable plate 302. The two drive shafts 305 are fixed with two pressure rods 306 at one end. The four pressure rods 306 are rotatably connected to a pedal 307.

[0042] By using the hopper positioning mechanism, the position of the sliding bar 202 on the upper side of the guide bar 201 is fixed. When the crane lifts the entire device, it can prevent the hopper 4 and the sliding bar 202 from sliding left and right along the upper side of the guide bar 201, thereby preventing the device and goods from swinging during lifting and further improving safety.

[0043] Furthermore, each positioning plate 304 is made of rubber, and each positioning plate 304 has anti-slip texture on one side.

[0044] It can increase the friction between the positioning plate 304 and the guide bar 201, improve the positioning stability, prevent the device from swinging during hoisting, and improve the safety of use.

[0045] Furthermore, the modules of the two first gears 212 are both smaller than the modules of the two second gears 213;

[0046] The moving speed of guide bar 201 can be amplified to improve the sensitivity of center of gravity adjustment.

[0047] Furthermore, the offset warning mechanism includes a toggle plate 216 fixed at one end of the sliding bar 202 and a spring clip fixing plate 217 fixed at the corresponding position of the toggle plate 216 on the side of the guide bar 201. Multiple warning spring clips 218 are fixed at equal intervals on the upper side of the spring clip fixing plate 217.

[0048] The offset warning mechanism can generate a warning sound when the center of gravity of the hopper 4 and the goods shifts, so as to remind the workers that the center of gravity of the hopper 4 has shifted and to adjust the arrangement of the goods inside the hopper 4 in time, thereby reducing the probability of safety accidents.

[0049] Furthermore, the lengths of the multiple warning shrapnel pieces 218 decrease sequentially;

[0050] As the lengths of the multiple warning springs 218 decrease sequentially, the sliding bar 202 will move a greater distance as the center of gravity offset of the hopper 4 increases. This causes the shorter warning springs 218 to vibrate, increasing the frequency of the vibration sound and making it easier to attract the attention of workers. This helps to adjust the placement of goods inside the hopper 4 in a timely manner, greatly improving the practical safety of the device.

[0051] Furthermore, two limit blocks 215 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the upper side of the two guide bars 201;

[0052] The limit stop 215 is used to limit the movement of the sliding bar 202, prevent it from falling off the guide bar 201, and improve the safety of use.

[0053] Furthermore, one end of the I-beam cantilever beam 3 is fixed to a floor slab 1 below it by multiple U-shaped anchor bolts 6;

[0054] U-shaped anchor bolts 6 are used to fix the I-beam cantilever beam 3 to the upper side of the floor slab 1, improving the overall stability of the device.

[0055] Working principle: In use, the two ends of the two diagonal tie rods 5 are respectively connected to the two first pull rings 2 and the two second pull rings 108, so that one end of the I-beam cantilever beam 3 rests on the upper side of the floor slab 1 below. The two diagonal tie rods 5 secure the other end of the I-beam cantilever beam 3. The two diagonal tie rods 5 apply tension to the two sliding columns 107 through the two second pull rings 108. The two sliding columns 107 apply torsional torque to the two diagonal tie arms 109 through the two connecting rods 106. The two diagonal tie arms 109 transmit the torsional torque to the two half-shafts 105, and the two half-shafts 105 transmit the torsional torque to the two first bevel gears 110. When the lengths of the two diagonal tie rods 5 are exactly equal, the torsional torque applied to the two first bevel gears 110 is equal. The two first bevel gears 110 apply torsional torques in the same direction to both sides of the two second bevel gears 112. The two opposing torques cancel each other out, so the two second bevel gears 112 do not rotate. At this time, the tension on the two tie rods 5 from the I-beam cantilever beam 3 is equal, ensuring balanced force on the two tie rods 5 and improving the reliability of the tension on the I-beam cantilever beam 3. However, wear or deformation can cause deformation of the two tie rods 5, resulting in their lengths not being completely equal. When the lengths of the two tie rods 5 are not completely equal, the shorter tie rod 5 will exert a greater tension on a corresponding sliding column 107. Since the longer tie rod 5 is not fully taut, it will exert a greater tension on the other sliding column 107. When the tension is zero or less than the tension on the sliding column 107, the sliding column 107 subjected to a larger tension applies a greater torsional torque to a first bevel gear 110 at the corresponding position through the connecting rod 106, the diagonal arm 109, and the half-shaft 105. At this time, the torsional torque applied by the first bevel gear 110 to one side of the two second bevel gears 112 is greater than the torsional torque applied by the other first bevel gear 110 to the other side of the two second bevel gears 112. This can drive the two second bevel gears 112 to rotate in opposite directions by a certain angle. As the two second bevel gears 112 rotate, the half-shaft 105 subjected to the larger torsional torque can rotate, thereby driving the diagonal arm 109 at one end of the half-shaft 105 to rotate. This diagonal arm 109, through... The connecting rod 106 drives the sliding column 107 at the corresponding position to extend outward by a certain length. The extended length of the sliding column 107 can compensate for the length of the shorter diagonal tie rod 5. When the sum of the extended length of the sliding column 107 and the length of the shorter diagonal tie rod 5 is equal to the length of the other longer diagonal tie rod 5, the torsional torque applied to the two half-shafts 105 and the two first bevel gears 110 is equal again, thus fixing the two second bevel gears 112 in place. At this time, the tension on the two diagonal tie rods 5 from the I-beam cantilever beam 3 is completely equal, eliminating the need for workers to adjust the length of the two diagonal tie rods 5, improving construction efficiency. Moreover, the tension on the two diagonal tie rods 5 is always completely equal, providing a more reliable tensile force on both sides of the I-beam cantilever beam 3.This effectively avoids uneven stress on the two tie rods 5 caused by the shift of the center of gravity of the goods above the I-beam cantilever beam 3, thus preventing breakage due to uneven stress and significantly improving the safety of the device.

[0056] When workers load goods into the inner side of hopper 4, the impact of the goods on the inner side of hopper 4 can be buffered by two buffer springs 208 and four side springs 204. This prevents the impact force of the goods on hopper 4 from being transmitted to the two diagonal tie rods 5 through the I-beam cantilever beam 3, thus avoiding frequent instantaneous tension on the two diagonal tie rods 5, reducing the probability of breakage of the two diagonal tie rods 5, extending their service life, and improving safety in use.

[0057] If the density of the goods inside the hopper 4 is uneven or the arrangement is not neat, causing the center of gravity between the hopper 4 and the goods to shift to one side, the hopper 4 will tilt and compress the two side springs 204 on the shifted side by more length. The hopper 4 drives the gear linkage shaft 209 to rotate at a certain angle through the two guide pillars 207 and the two rotating blocks 206. The rotation angle of the gear linkage shaft 209 is equal to the tilt angle of the hopper 4. The gear linkage shaft 209 drives the two sector gears 210 to rotate at an equal angle. The two sector gears 210 drive the two first gears 212 to rotate through their teeth. The two first gears 212 drive the two second gears 213 to rotate through the two speed-changing gear shafts 211. Through the meshing between the two second gears 213 and the two racks 214, it can carry... The two sliding bars 202 slide along the upper side of the two guide bars 201, and the two sliding bars 202 drive the hopper 4 to slide synchronously. The sliding direction of the two sliding bars 202 is opposite to the direction of the center of gravity shift of the hopper 4, which can make the hopper 4 and the goods inside it move to the other side due to the shift of the center of gravity, and avoid the two diagonal tie rods 5 being subjected to different forces due to the shift of the center of gravity. This helps to improve the reliability of the two diagonal tie rods 5 in securing the I-beam cantilever beam 3. At the same time, it can avoid the shift of the center of gravity from applying different pressures to the two sides of the I-beam cantilever beam 3, and prevent the I-beam cantilever beam 3 from twisting and deforming. Since the module of the two first gears 212 is smaller than the module of the two second gears 213, the moving speed of the guide bar 201 can be amplified, and the sensitivity of the center of gravity adjustment can be improved.

[0058] When the two sliding bars 202 of the center of gravity adjustment mechanism slide along the upper side of the guide bar 201, the sliding bars 202 will drive the actuating plate 216 of the offset warning mechanism to move. The actuating plate 216 will push each warning spring 218 to bend in sequence. When the warning spring 218 is bent and separates from the actuating plate 216, it will rebound and reset. When it rebounds and resets, it will vibrate and produce a sound to remind the worker that the center of gravity of the hopper 4 has shifted, so as to adjust the arrangement of the goods inside the hopper 4 in time and reduce the probability of safety accidents. Since the lengths of the multiple warning springs 218 decrease sequentially, as the center of gravity offset of the hopper 4 increases, it will drive the sliding bar 202 to move a greater distance, thereby causing the shorter warning springs 218 to vibrate, increasing the frequency of the vibration sound, which is more likely to attract the worker's attention and help to adjust the placement of the goods inside the hopper 4 in time, greatly improving the practical safety of the device.

[0059] After the goods are loaded, the worker needs to step on pedal 307. Pedal 307 will cause the four pressure rods 306 to rotate downwards by 90°. The four pressure rods 306 will then cause the two drive shafts 305 to rotate clockwise by 90°, as shown in the instruction manual. Figure 8 Two drive shafts 305 drive four cams 308 to rotate 90° clockwise, so that the protruding ends of the four cams 308 contact the upper side of the four movable plates 302, applying downward pressure to the four movable plates 302, thereby driving the four positioning pressure plates 304 to press against the upper side of the two guide bars 201, fixing the position of the sliding bar 202 on the upper side of the guide bar 201. When the crane lifts the entire device, it can prevent the hopper 4 and the sliding bar 202 from sliding left and right along the upper side of the guide bar 201, thereby preventing the device and goods from swinging during lifting, and further improving safety.

[0060] The foregoing description enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A building construction and municipal unloading device, comprising two floor slabs (1), two first pull rings (2) fixed on one side of the upper floor slab (1), and an I-beam cantilever beam (3) provided on the upper side of the lower floor slab (1), a hopper (4) provided at one end of the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam (3), and diagonal tie rods (5) hanging inside the two first pull rings (2), characterized in that, Also includes: A tension balancing mechanism is provided between two diagonal tie rods (5) and an I-beam cantilever beam (3); A center of gravity adjustment mechanism is provided, which is located between the I-beam cantilever beam (3) and the hopper (4); The tension balancing mechanism includes a fixed sleeve (101) fixed to one end of the lower side of the I-beam cantilever beam (3). A rotating sleeve (103) is rotatably connected through the inner side of the fixed sleeve (101). Two half-shafts (105) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner ends of the rotating sleeve (103) via bearings (104). A bevel gear shaft (111) is fixed at the middle position of the inner side of the rotating sleeve (103). Two second bevel gears (112) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the outer ends of the bevel gear shaft (111). A first bevel gear (110) is fixed to one end of each of the two half-shafts (105). The two first bevel gears (110) and the two second bevel gears (112) are connected by tooth meshing. The outer end of the shaft (105) is rotatably fitted with a housing (102). One end of each of the two housings (102) is slidably inserted with a sliding column (107). One end of each of the two sliding columns (107) is fixed with a second pull ring (108). The two second pull rings (108) are respectively hung on the outer side of the two diagonal tie rods (5). The other end of each of the two sliding columns (107) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod (106). The other end of each of the two half shafts (105) is fixed with a diagonal tie arm (109) at one side. One end of each of the two diagonal tie arms (109) is rotatably connected to one end of each of the two connecting rods (106). The center of gravity adjustment mechanism includes two guide bars (201) fixed on the upper side of the I-beam cantilever beam (3). Sliding strips (202) are slidably connected to the upper sides of the two guide strips (201). Two spring pillars (203) are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the upper side of the two sliding strips (202). Side springs (204) are connected to the upper ends of the four spring pillars (203). The upper ends of the four side springs (204) are connected to the lower side of the hopper (4). Columns (205) are fixed at the middle section of the upper side of the two sliding strips (202). Rotating blocks (206) are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the two columns (205). Guide pillars (207) are slidably inserted into the upper ends of the two rotating blocks (206). The upper ends of the two guide pillars (207) are fixedly connected to the lower side of the hopper (4). A buffer spring (208) is fitted on the outer side of each of the two guide posts (207). A gear linkage shaft (209) is fixed between the two guide posts (207). Two sector gears (210) are fixed at both ends of the outer side of the gear linkage shaft (209). A speed-changing gear shaft (211) is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two sliding bars (202) at the middle position. A rack (214) is fixed to one side of each of the two guide bars (201) at the middle position. A first gear (212) and a second gear (213) are fixed to the outer side of each of the two speed-changing gear shafts (211). The two first gears (212) mesh with the two sector gears (210) respectively, and the two second gears (213) mesh with the two racks (214) respectively.A hopper positioning mechanism is provided between the two sliding bars (202) and the two guide bars (201), and two offset warning mechanisms are symmetrically provided at both ends of the two sliding bars (202) and the two guide bars (201).

2. The unloading device for building and municipal engineering as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hopper positioning mechanism includes two drive shafts (305) that are rotatably connected between two sliding bars (202) and a pressing mechanism respectively disposed inside the two sliding bars (202). The pressing mechanism includes four grooves (301) located at both ends on both sides of the sliding bars (202). Movable plates (302) are slidably connected to the inner sides of the two grooves (301) located at the same end. The lower ends of the two movable plates (302) are elastically connected to one end of the inner side of the four grooves (301) through a return spring (303). A positioning pressure plate (304) is fixed at the middle position of the lower side of the two movable plates (302). A cam (308) is fixed to the outer side of the two drive shafts (305) corresponding to the position of each movable plate (302). Two pressure rods (306) are fixed to one end of the two drive shafts (305). A pedal (307) is rotatably connected between the four pressure rods (306).

3. A building construction and municipal engineering unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the positioning plates (304) is made of rubber, and each positioning plate (304) has anti-slip texture on one side.

4. A building construction and municipal engineering unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modules of the two first gears (212) are both smaller than the modules of the two second gears (213).

5. A building construction and municipal engineering unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offset warning mechanism includes a toggle plate (216) fixed at one end of the sliding bar (202) and a spring clip fixing plate (217) fixed at the corresponding position of the toggle plate (216) on one side of the guide bar (201). Multiple warning spring clips (218) are fixed at equal intervals on the upper side of the spring clip fixing plate (217).

6. A building and municipal unloading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lengths of the multiple warning springs (218) decrease sequentially.

7. A building construction and municipal engineering unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limiting blocks (215) are symmetrically fixed on the upper side of the two guide bars (201) at both ends.

8. A building and municipal unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the I-beam cantilever beam (3) is fixed to a floor slab (1) below it by multiple U-shaped anchor bolts (6).

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