An anti-icing insulating coating, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-icing insulating coating and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the anti-icing insulating coating comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving SIS block copolymer in an organic solvent, adding a photoinitiator and ammonia / organic amine, and then irradiating with ultraviolet light to obtain a reaction mixture; and 2) adding 3-mercapto propyl triethoxysilane and tetraethyl orthosilicate into the reaction mixture in step 1), and then irradiating with ultraviolet light to obtain the anti-icing insulating coating. The coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating has excellent insulating performance and hydrophobic performance, can achieve the anti-icing effect, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulating coating technology, specifically to an anti-icing insulating coating, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers possess excellent film-forming properties, mechanical properties, hydrophobic properties, and insulating properties, and are widely used in flexible sensors, photocurable adhesives, and other fields. SIS block copolymers can be used as film-forming materials to prepare insulating coatings; however, the insulating and hydrophobic properties of traditional SIS block copolymer-based insulating coatings still need further improvement, failing to achieve anti-icing effects and thus not fully meeting practical application requirements. Studies have found that blending inorganic fillers such as zinc oxide and silica into SIS block copolymers can improve the insulating and hydrophobic properties of the resulting coatings to some extent. However, due to the poor compatibility between SIS block copolymers and inorganic fillers, interface defects easily appear within the coating, ultimately leading to a significant decrease in the coating's mechanical properties.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an insulating coating that has excellent insulation and hydrophobic properties and can achieve anti-icing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-icing insulating coating, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] A method for preparing an anti-icing insulating coating includes the following steps:

[0007] 1) Dissolve the SIS block copolymer in an organic solvent, then add a photoinitiator and ammonia / organic amine, and irradiate with ultraviolet light to obtain a reaction mixture;

[0008] 2) Add 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethyl orthosilicate to the reaction mixture in step 1), and then irradiate with ultraviolet light to obtain an anti-icing insulating coating.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the SIS block copolymer, ammonia / organic amine, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:0.01-0.02:0.4-1.0:1-15.

[0010] Preferably, the SIS block copolymer in step 1) has a linear structure and a number-average molecular weight of 80,000 to 120,000.

[0011] Preferably, the organic solvent in step 1) is at least one of cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and benzene.

[0012] More preferably, the organic solvent in step 1) is cyclopentyl methyl ether.

[0013] Preferably, the photoinitiator in step 1) is at least one of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone, benzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, benzophenone, α,α-dimethoxy-α-phenylacetophenone, α,α-diethoxyacetophenone, α-hydroxyalkylacetophenone, and α-aminealkylacetophenone.

[0014] More preferably, the photoinitiator in step 1) is photoinitiator 2959 (2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone).

[0015] Preferably, the ammonia in step 1) is added in the form of ammonia water.

[0016] Preferably, the organic amine in step 1) is at least one of n-butylamine and ethylenediamine.

[0017] Preferably, the ultraviolet light irradiation time in step 1) is 8 min to 12 min.

[0018] Preferably, the ultraviolet light irradiation time in step 2) is 3h to 5h.

[0019] An anti-icing insulating coating is prepared by the above-described method.

[0020] A steel-cored aluminum stranded wire comprising a coating made of the aforementioned anti-icing insulating coating.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the anti-icing insulating coating of the present invention forms a coating with excellent insulation performance and excellent hydrophobic performance, which can achieve the anti-icing effect and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.

[0022] Specifically:

[0023] 1) This invention modifies the SIS block copolymer by grafting 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane through a mercapto-olefin click reaction, and simultaneously synthesizes amorphous silica in situ. While ensuring that the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating has excellent electrical insulation properties, it significantly improves the hydrophobic properties of the coating, and finally endows the coating with excellent anti-icing properties.

[0024] 2) This invention synthesizes amorphous silica in situ while grafting 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane onto the SIS block copolymer. This not only significantly improves the hydrophobic properties of the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating, but also greatly improves the interfacial compatibility between the SIS block copolymer and amorphous silica, minimizing interfacial defects in the coating and thus improving the breakdown characteristics of the coating.

[0025] 3) The anti-icing insulating coating of the present invention is green and environmentally friendly, and its use will not increase pollution to the natural environment. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 The infrared spectra of the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 and the insulating coating of Comparative Example 1 are shown.

[0027] Figure 2 The image shows the carbon NMR spectrum of the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4.

[0028] Figure 3 The figures show the contact angle and roll-off angle test results of the coatings formed by the anti-icing insulating coatings of Examples 1-4 and the insulating coatings of Comparative Examples 1-2.

[0029] Figure 4 The graph shows the test results of the anti-wet flashover performance of the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating in Example 4.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a SEM image of the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4.

[0031] Figure 6 The graph shows the test results of the anti-icing insulating coatings of Examples 1-4 and the insulating coatings of Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively, on their breakdown performance.

[0032] Figure 7 The DSC curve is for the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4.

[0033] Figure 8 The image shows the test results of the anti-icing effect of the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating in Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] An anti-icing insulating coating, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0037] 1) Dissolve 10g of SIS block copolymer (linear structure, number average molecular weight of 100,000) in 100mL of cyclopentyl methyl ether, then add 0.2g of photoinitiator 2959 and 0.2g of n-butylamine, and then irradiate with a UV lamp with a wavelength of 365nm for 10min to obtain a reaction mixture.

[0038] 2) Add 5 mL of 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (KH590) and 20 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to the reaction mixture in step 1), and then irradiate with a UV lamp with a wavelength of 365 nm for 4 hours to obtain an anti-icing insulating coating (denoted as SIS-KH590 / SiO2-1).

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] An anti-icing insulating coating (designated as SIS-KH590 / SiO2-2) is identical to Example 1 except that the amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate added in step 2) is adjusted from "20 mL" to "50 mL" during preparation.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] An anti-icing insulating coating (designated as SIS-KH590 / SiO2-3) is identical to Example 1 except that the amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate added in step 2) is adjusted from "20 mL" to "70 mL" during preparation.

[0043] Example 4:

[0044] An anti-icing insulating coating (designated as SIS-KH590 / SiO2-4) is identical to Example 1 except that the amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate added in step 2) is adjusted from "20 mL" to "90 mL" during preparation.

[0045] Comparative Example 1:

[0046] An insulating coating, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0047] Dissolve 10g of SIS block copolymer (linear structure, number average molecular weight of 100,000) in 100mL of cyclopentyl methyl ether to obtain an insulating coating (denoted as SIS).

[0048] Comparative Example 2:

[0049] An insulating coating (designated SIS-KH590) is identical to that in Example 1 except that tetraethyl orthosilicate is not added in step 2) of its preparation.

[0050] Performance testing:

[0051] 1) The infrared spectra of the anti-icing insulating coating (SIS-KH590 / SiO2-4) of Example 4 and the insulating coating (SIS) of Comparative Example 1 are shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the carbon NMR spectrum of the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 is as follows. Figure 2 As shown.

[0052] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the present invention does indeed perform 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane graft modification on SIS block copolymers through mercapto-olefin click reaction, and simultaneously synthesizes amorphous silicon dioxide in situ.

[0053] 2) The contact angle (water) and roll-off angle (water) test results of the coatings formed by the anti-icing insulating coatings of Examples 1-4 and the insulating coatings of Comparative Examples 1-2 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0054] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the contact angle of the anti-icing insulating coatings formed in Examples 1 to 4 gradually increases and the roll-off angle gradually decreases. The contact angle is significantly larger than that of the insulating coatings formed in Comparative Examples 1 to 2. This indicates that the in-situ synthesis of amorphous silica while grafting 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane onto the SIS block copolymer can significantly improve the hydrophobic properties of the coatings formed by the anti-icing insulating coatings.

[0055] 3) The anti-icing insulating coating from Example 4 was applied to an epoxy resin (ER) board to form a coating. Water was then periodically dripped onto the center of a finger electrode (tilted at approximately 15°). The wet flashover voltage was measured using the ramp method. The test results of the anti-wet flashover performance of the coating are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0056] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 has excellent anti-wet flashover performance and can effectively prevent creepage. This shows that the present invention can significantly improve the interfacial compatibility between SIS block copolymer and amorphous silica by grafting 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane onto the SIS block copolymer, thereby minimizing the interfacial defects of the coating and improving the breakdown characteristics of the coating.

[0057] 4) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the coating formed by the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 is shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0058] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 forms a uniform and dense coating with a micron / nano-scale microstructure on the surface, which is beneficial to achieving the anti-icing effect.

[0059] 5) The anti-icing insulating coatings of Examples 1-4 and the insulating coatings of Comparative Examples 1-2 were poured onto a mold to form a coating with a thickness of 50μm-80μm. The breakdown performance of the coating was then tested by controlling the voltage ramp rate at 500V / s until the coating was broken down. The test results of the breakdown performance of the coating are as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0060] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the breakdown voltage of the anti-icing insulating coatings formed in Examples 1 to 4 is as high as 110.9MV / m to 127.2MV / m, which shows excellent breakdown performance. This indicates that the grafting modification of SIS block copolymers with 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and the in-situ synthesis of amorphous silica in this invention do not have a significant impact on the breakdown performance of the coatings formed by the anti-icing insulating coatings.

[0061] 6) The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve of the anti-icing insulating coating formed by Example 4 is shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0062] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 can be used in the range of -50℃ to 70℃, which fully meets the actual application requirements of steel-cored aluminum stranded wire.

[0063] 7) The anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 was applied to the aluminum tube to form a coating (the untreated aluminum tube served as a control). The tube was then placed in a climate chamber at a temperature of -3°C to simulate a freezing rain environment by spraying water onto it, with the water flow rate controlled at 200 L·m. -2 ·h -1 The anti-icing effect was observed after 24 hours, and the test results were as follows. Figure 8 As shown.

[0064] Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that the aluminum tube coated with the anti-icing insulating coating of Example 4 did not have an ice layer on its surface after being placed in a simulated freezing rain environment for 24 hours, while the surface of the untreated aluminum tube was covered with a thick layer of ice. This shows that the anti-icing insulating coating of the present invention has excellent anti-icing effect.

[0065] Furthermore, tests revealed that the anti-icing insulating coatings of Examples 1-4 are suitable for various substrates such as aluminum substrates, epoxy substrates, and silicone rubber substrates. Although the anti-icing effect of the anti-icing insulating coatings of Examples 1-3 is slightly reduced compared to that of Example 4, they can still meet the requirements of practical applications.

[0066] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an anti-icing insulating coating, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Dissolve the SIS block copolymer in an organic solvent, then add a photoinitiator and ammonia / organic amine, and irradiate with ultraviolet light to obtain a reaction mixture; 2) Add 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethyl orthosilicate to the reaction mixture in step 1), and then irradiate with ultraviolet light to obtain an anti-icing insulating coating. The mass ratio of the SIS block copolymer, ammonia / organic amine, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:0.01-0.02:0.4-1.0:1-15. Step 1) The SIS block copolymer has a linear structure and a number-average molecular weight of 80,000 to 120,000; The organic amine mentioned in step 1) is at least one of n-butylamine and ethylenediamine.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solvent in step 1) is at least one of cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and benzene.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoinitiator in step 1) is at least one of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone, benzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, benzophenone, α,α-dimethoxy-α-phenylacetophenone, α,α-diethoxyacetophenone, α-hydroxyalkylacetophenone, and α-aminealkylacetophenone.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the ammonia is added in the form of ammonia water.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet light irradiation time in step 1) is 8 min to 12 min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet light irradiation time in step 2) is 3h to 5h.

7. An anti-icing insulating coating, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A steel-cored aluminum stranded wire, characterized in that, It comprises a coating made of the anti-icing insulating coating as described in claim 7.

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