A sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system

Abstract

The present invention specifically relates to a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving cogeneration system, comprising a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), a first pump, a sodium heat exchanger, a high-temperature energy storage tank, a low-temperature energy storage tank, a second pump, a third pump, a water heat exchanger, a feed water tank, a steam turbine, a power grid, and an electrically heated superheater. The SFR is immersed in an intermediate heat exchanger. The SFR is connected to the tube side of the intermediate heat exchanger, forming a primary circuit. The shell side of the intermediate exchanger, the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger, and the first pump together form a secondary circuit. The shell side of the sodium heat exchanger, the low-temperature energy storage tank, the high-temperature energy storage tank, the second pump, the third pump, and the tube side of the water heat exchanger together form a tertiary circuit. The shell side outlet of the water heat exchanger, the steam turbine, and the electrically heated superheater together form side A of the fourth circuit. The SFR power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving cogeneration system of the present invention enables the rapid switching of the SFR from power grid peak-shaving to high-temperature industrial steam production mode, while simultaneously improving the safety and economic efficiency of the SFR.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multi-purpose application design of sodium-cooled fast reactors, and in particular to a sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, all nuclear energy systems use a generator-follow-reactor approach, meaning that nuclear power units do not participate in grid peak regulation. As fourth-generation nuclear energy systems, represented by sodium-cooled fast reactors, mature and are poised for large-scale deployment, consideration will urgently be given to integrating them with other energy sources, such as wind and solar, for grid peak regulation.

[0003] For peak regulation of sodium-cooled fast reactors, the "reactor-follows-machine" design scheme can be adopted from the design perspective. However, it puts forward higher requirements on the control system design, control rod reliability and life, and reduces the load factor of the nuclear power plant, which is not conducive to improving the safety and economy of the nuclear power plant.

[0004] Currently, high-temperature industrial steam is a major industrial application. High-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) can utilize the high reactor outlet temperature to produce industrial high-temperature steam exceeding 600°C, meeting the needs of chemical companies. For sodium-cooled fast reactors, the three-circuit steam temperature parameter is 490°C. Further increasing this temperature could allow for large-scale industrial high-temperature steam applications.

[0005] Currently, sodium-cooled fast reactors do not consider peak regulation and the design and application of industrial high-temperature steam production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving co-generation system, which uses energy storage tanks to achieve rapid grid peak-shaving switching of the sodium-cooled fast reactor to a high-temperature industrial steam production mode, while improving the safety and economy of the sodium-cooled fast reactor.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving co-generation system comprises a sodium-cooled fast reactor, a first pump, a sodium heat exchanger, a high-temperature energy storage tank, a low-temperature energy storage tank, a second pump, a third pump, a water heat exchanger, a feed water tank, a steam turbine, a power grid and an electric heating superheater; an intermediate heat exchanger is immersed in the sodium-cooled fast reactor; the sodium-cooled fast reactor is connected to the tube side of the intermediate heat exchanger to form a primary circuit; the shell side of the intermediate exchanger is connected to the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger, a first pump is provided between the shell side inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger and the tube side outlet of the sodium heat exchanger, and the shell side of the intermediate exchanger, the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger and the first pump together form a secondary circuit; the shell side outlet of the sodium heat exchanger is connected in sequence to the high-temperature energy storage tank, the second pump, the third pump, a water heat exchanger, a feed water tank, a steam turbine, a power grid and an electric heating superheater The shell-side inlet of the sodium heat exchanger is connected to the second pump, the low-temperature energy storage tank and the water-heat exchanger tube-side outlet in sequence. The shell-side of the sodium heat exchanger, the low-temperature energy storage tank, the high-temperature energy storage tank, the second pump, the third pump and the water-heat exchanger tube-side together constitute three circuits; the shell-side outlet of the water heat exchanger is connected to the electric superheater and the steam turbine respectively, the shell-side inlet of the water heat exchanger is connected to the feed water tank and the steam turbine respectively, the steam turbine is connected to the power grid and the electric superheater respectively, the shell-side of the water heat exchanger, the steam turbine, the feed water tank and the power grid together constitute the B side of the four-circuit, and the shell-side outlet of the water heat exchanger, the steam turbine and the electric superheater together constitute the A side of the four-circuit.

[0009] In the first circuit, the coolant sodium in the sodium-cooled fast reactor enters the intermediate heat exchanger tube side, exchanges heat with the sodium in the intermediate heat exchanger shell side, and then returns to the sodium-cooled fast reactor; in the second circuit, the sodium in the intermediate heat exchanger shell side enters the sodium heat exchanger tube side, exchanges heat with the water in the sodium heat exchanger shell side, and then returns to the intermediate heat exchanger shell side through the first pump; in the third circuit, the water in the sodium heat exchanger shell side forms water vapor after heat exchange, enters the high-temperature energy storage tank, and enters the water heat exchanger tube side through the third pump, and then exchanges heat with the water in the water heat exchanger shell side. It enters the low-temperature energy storage tank and returns to the shell side of the sodium heat exchanger through the second pump; in the A side of the four-circuit circuit, the water in the shell side of the water heat exchanger is converted into water vapor after heat exchange and enters the electric superheater, and the water vapor is superheated into industrial high-temperature steam by the electric superheater; in the B side of the four-circuit circuit, the water in the shell side of the water heat exchanger is converted into water vapor after heat exchange and enters the steam turbine, and the water vapor is supplied to the power grid or the electric superheater through the steam turbine to generate electricity, and the water vapor is converted into water after the steam turbine generates electricity and returns to the shell side of the water heat exchanger. The water consumed by the steam turbine for power generation is supplied to the water heat exchanger from the feed water tank.

[0010] As one of the implementation methods, the operating conditions of the sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving cogeneration system include power generation mode and peak-shaving high-temperature industrial steam mode.

[0011] As one of the implementation methods, in power generation mode, the sodium-cooled fast reactor operates at full power, the first pump runs at full speed, the second pump and the third pump run at the same flow rate and speed, the A side of the fourth circuit is closed, and the B side of the fourth circuit is opened; the water vapor from the third circuit is sent to the fourth circuit for steam turbine power generation and supply to the power grid.

[0012] As one of the implementation methods, the peak-shaving high-temperature industrial steam mode includes the following steps:

[0013] Phase 1: Complete grid peak regulation;

[0014] Phase 2: Transition from grid peak regulation to peak regulation to produce high-temperature industrial steam.

[0015] As one of the implementation methods, in stage one, under grid peak regulation, the sodium-cooled fast reactor operates at full power, the first pump operates at full speed, the second pump operates at full speed, and the third pump decreases from full speed in proportion to the grid peak regulation demand. The A side of the four-circuit is closed, and the B side of the four-circuit is opened to generate electricity and supply the grid; part of the water vapor from the three-circuit is sent to the four-circuit for steam turbine power generation to supply the grid to achieve grid peak regulation, and the remaining part is stored in a high-temperature energy storage tank.

[0016] As one of the implementation methods, in stage two, under peak-shaving to produce high-temperature industrial steam, the sodium-cooled fast reactor operates at full power, the first pump operates at full speed, the second pump operates at full speed, the third pump operates at full speed, and the A side and B side of the four-circuit are both opened; the water vapor from the three circuits is all sent to the four-circuit, among which the water vapor from the A side of the four-circuit is superheated into industrial high-temperature steam by the electric superheater, and the water vapor from the B side of the four-circuit is supplied to the power grid and the electric superheater through the steam turbine; the power supplied to the power grid by the steam turbine is consistent with that in stage one, and the remaining power is supplied to the electric superheater.

[0017] As one of the implementation methods, in stage two, the water vapor flow rate on the B side of the four-circuit is 1.1 times that of stage one.

[0018] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0019] The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system of the present invention can simultaneously realize multiple purposes such as sodium-cooled fast reactor power generation and industrial high-temperature steam production; it can realize rapid peak-shaving of power generation and industrial high-temperature steam production through rapid flow regulation of the energy storage circuit without adjusting the power of the sodium-cooled fast reactor; and in case the quality of sodium-cooled fast reactor steam does not reach that of industrial high-temperature steam, the sodium-cooled fast reactor steam is re-superheated by in-plant electricity to achieve the supply level of high-quality industrial high-temperature steam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure, 1-sodium-cooled fast reactor; 2-first pump; 3-sodium heat exchanger; 4-high-temperature energy storage tank; 5-low-temperature energy storage tank; 6-second pump; 7-third pump; 8-water heat exchanger; 9-feed water tank; 10-steam turbine; 11-power grid; 12-electric superheater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left end," "right end," "above," "below," "outside," "inside," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., etc., are used solely for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features indicated.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0025] See also Figure 1The present embodiment provides a sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system, comprising a sodium-cooled fast reactor 1, a first pump 2, a sodium heat exchanger 3, a high-temperature energy storage tank 4, a low-temperature energy storage tank 5, a second pump 6, a third pump 7, a water heat exchanger 8, a feed water tank 9, a steam turbine 10, a power grid 11 and an electric heating superheater 12; an intermediate heat exchanger is immersed in the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1; the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1 is connected to the tube side of the intermediate heat exchanger to form a primary circuit; the shell side of the intermediate exchanger is connected to the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger 3, and a first pump 2 is provided between the shell side inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger and the tube side outlet of the sodium heat exchanger 3, and the shell side of the intermediate exchanger, the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger 3 and the first pump 2 together form a secondary circuit; the shell side outlet of the sodium heat exchanger 3 is connected to the high-temperature energy storage tank 4, the third pump 6, the third pump 7, the water heat exchanger 8, the feed water tank 9, the steam turbine 10, the power grid 11 and the electric heating superheater 12 The three pumps 7 and the water heat exchanger 8 tube side inlet, the shell side inlet of the sodium heat exchanger 3 are connected in sequence to the second pump 6, the low-temperature energy storage tank 5 and the water heat exchanger 8 tube side outlet, the sodium heat exchanger 3 shell side, the low-temperature energy storage tank 5, the high-temperature energy storage tank 4, the second pump 6, the third pump 7 and the water heat exchanger 8 tube side together constitute three circuits; the shell side outlet of the water heat exchanger 8 is respectively connected to the electric superheater 12 and the steam turbine 10, the shell side inlet of the water heat exchanger 8 is respectively connected to the feed water tank 9 and the steam turbine 10, the steam turbine 10 is respectively connected to the power grid 11 and the electric superheater 12, the shell side of the water heat exchanger 8, the steam turbine 10, the feed water tank 9 and the power grid 11 together constitute the B side of the four-circuit, and the shell side outlet of the water heat exchanger 8, the steam turbine 10 and the electric superheater 12 together constitute the A side of the four-circuit.

[0026] In the first circuit, the coolant sodium in the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1 enters the tube side of the intermediate heat exchanger, exchanges heat with the sodium in the shell side of the intermediate heat exchanger, and then returns to the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1; in the second circuit, the sodium in the shell side of the intermediate heat exchanger enters the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger 3, exchanges heat with the water in the shell side of the sodium heat exchanger 3, and then returns to the shell side of the intermediate heat exchanger through the first pump 2; in the third circuit, the water in the shell side of the sodium heat exchanger 3 forms water vapor after heat exchange, enters the high-temperature energy storage tank 4, and enters the tube side of the water heat exchanger 8 through the third pump 7, and then enters the low-temperature energy storage tank after heat exchange with the water in the shell side of the water heat exchanger 8. 5 and returns to the shell side of the sodium heat exchanger 3 through the second pump 6; in the A side of the four-circuit circuit, the water in the shell side of the water heat exchanger 8 is converted into water vapor after heat exchange and enters the electric superheater 12. The water vapor is superheated into industrial high-temperature steam by the electric superheater 12; in the B side of the four-circuit circuit, the water in the shell side of the water heat exchanger 8 is converted into water vapor after heat exchange and enters the steam turbine 10. The water vapor is supplied to the power grid 11 or the electric superheater 12 through the steam turbine 10 to generate electricity. After the water vapor is converted into water after the steam turbine 10 generates electricity, it returns to the shell side of the water heat exchanger 8. The water consumed by the steam turbine 10 in generating electricity is supplied to the water heat exchanger 8 by the supply water tank 9.

[0027] In this embodiment, as one of the implementation methods, the operating conditions of the sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving co-generation system include a power generation mode and a peak-shaving high-temperature industrial steam mode.

[0028] In this embodiment, as one of the implementation methods, in the power generation mode, the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1 operates at full power, the first pump 2 operates at full speed, the second pump 6 and the third pump 7 operate at the same flow rate and speed, the A side of the fourth circuit is closed, and the B side of the fourth circuit is opened; the water vapor from the third circuit is sent to the fourth circuit for the steam turbine 10 to generate electricity and supply the power grid 11.

[0029] Since the peak-shaving demand of the power grid changes at any time, the flow rate and speed described below are determined by the peak-shaving demand of the power grid.

[0030] In this embodiment, as one implementation method, the peak-shaving high-temperature industrial steam mode includes the following steps:

[0031] Phase 1: Complete grid 11 peak regulation;

[0032] Phase 2: The peak regulation of power grid 11 transitions to peak regulation to produce high-temperature industrial steam.

[0033] In this embodiment, as one of the implementation methods, in stage one, under the peak regulation of the power grid 11, the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1 operates at full power, the first pump 2 operates at full speed, the second pump 6 operates at full speed, and the third pump 7 decreases from full speed in proportion according to the peak regulation demand of the power grid 11. The A side of the four-circuit is closed, and the B side of the four-circuit is opened for power generation and supply to the power grid 11; part of the water vapor from the three-circuit is sent to the four-circuit for use in the steam turbine 10 to generate electricity and supply to the power grid 11 to achieve peak regulation of the power grid 11, and the remaining part is stored in the high-temperature energy storage tank 4.

[0034] In this embodiment, as one of the implementation methods, in stage two, under peak regulation to produce high-temperature industrial steam, the sodium-cooled fast reactor 1 operates at full power, the first pump 2 operates at full speed, the second pump 6 operates at full speed, the third pump 7 operates at full speed, and the A side and B side of the four-circuit are both opened; the water vapor of the three circuits is all sent to the four-circuit, among which the water vapor on the A side of the four-circuit is superheated into industrial high-temperature steam by the electric heating superheater 12, and the water vapor on the B side of the four-circuit is supplied to the power grid 11 and the electric heating superheater 12 through the steam turbine 10; the power supplied by the steam turbine 10 to the power grid 11 is consistent with that in stage one, and the remaining power is supplied to the electric heating superheater 12.

[0035] In this embodiment, as one of the implementation methods, in stage two, the water vapor flow rate on the fourth circuit B side is 1.1 times that of stage one.

[0036] The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system of this embodiment can simultaneously realize multiple purposes such as sodium-cooled fast reactor power generation and industrial high-temperature steam production; it can realize rapid peak-shaving of power generation and industrial high-temperature steam production through rapid flow regulation of the energy storage circuit without adjusting the power of the sodium-cooled fast reactor; if the quality of sodium-cooled fast reactor steam does not reach the level of industrial high-temperature steam, the sodium-cooled fast reactor steam is reheated with in-plant electricity to achieve high-quality industrial high-temperature steam supply level.

[0037] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sodium-cooled fast reactor (1), a first pump (2), a sodium heat exchanger (3), a high-temperature energy storage tank (4), a low-temperature energy storage tank (5), a second pump (6), a third pump (7), a water heat exchanger (8), a feed water tank (9), a steam turbine (10), a power grid (11) and an electric heating superheater (12); an intermediate heat exchanger is immersed in the sodium-cooled fast reactor (1); the sodium-cooled fast reactor (1) is connected to the tube side of the intermediate heat exchanger to form a primary circuit; the shell side of the intermediate heat exchanger is connected to the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger (3); a first pump (2) is provided between the shell side inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger and the tube side outlet of the sodium heat exchanger (3); the shell side of the intermediate heat exchanger, the tube side of the sodium heat exchanger (3) and the first pump (2) together form a secondary circuit; the shell side outlet of the sodium heat exchanger (3) is connected to the high-temperature energy storage tank (4), the third pump (7) and the tube side inlet of the water heat exchanger (8) in sequence, and the sodium heat exchanger (3) is connected to the tube side inlet of the water heat exchanger (8) in sequence. The shell side inlet of the heat exchanger (3) is connected to the second pump (6), the low temperature energy storage tank (5) and the pipe side outlet of the water heat exchanger (8) in sequence. The shell side of the sodium heat exchanger (3), the low temperature energy storage tank (5), the high temperature energy storage tank (4), the second pump (6), the third pump (7) and the pipe side of the water heat exchanger (8) together constitute a three-circuit circuit. The shell side outlet of the water heat exchanger (8) is respectively connected to the electric heating superheater (12) and the steam turbine (10). The shell side inlet of the water heat exchanger (8) is respectively connected to the feed water tank (9) and the steam turbine (10). The steam turbine (10) is respectively connected to the power grid (11) and the electric heating superheater (12). The shell side of the water heat exchanger (8), the steam turbine (10), the feed water tank (9) and the power grid (11) together constitute the B side of the four-circuit circuit. The shell side outlet of the water heat exchanger (8), the steam turbine (10) and the electric heating superheater (12) together constitute the A side of the four-circuit circuit.

2. The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating conditions of the sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving cogeneration system include power generation mode and peak-shaving high-temperature industrial steam mode.

3. The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In power generation mode, the sodium-cooled fast reactor (1) operates at full power, the first pump (2) operates at full speed, the second pump (6) and the third pump (7) operate at the same flow rate and speed, the A side of the fourth circuit is closed, and the B side of the fourth circuit is opened; the water vapor from the third circuit is sent to the fourth circuit for use in the steam turbine (10) to generate electricity and supply the power grid (11).

4. The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The peak-shaving high-temperature industrial steam mode includes the following steps: Phase 1: Complete peak load regulation of the power grid (11); Phase 2: The power grid (11) transitions from peak regulation to peak regulation to produce high-temperature industrial steam.

5. The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the first stage, under the peak regulation of the power grid (11), the sodium-cooled fast reactor (1) operates at full power, the first pump (2) operates at full speed, the second pump (6) operates at full speed, and the third pump (7) decreases from full speed in proportion to the peak regulation demand of the power grid (11). The A side of the four-circuit is closed, and the B side of the four-circuit is opened to generate electricity and supply it to the power grid (11); a part of the water vapor of the three-circuit is sent to the four-circuit for the steam turbine (10) to generate electricity and supply it to the power grid (11) to achieve peak regulation of the power grid (11), and the remaining part is stored in the high-temperature energy storage tank (4).

6. The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the second stage, under the peak regulation of high-temperature industrial steam, the sodium-cooled fast reactor (1) operates at full power, the first pump (2) operates at full speed, the second pump (6) operates at full speed, the third pump (7) operates at full speed, and the A side and B side of the four-circuit are both opened; the water vapor of the three circuits is all sent to the four-circuit, among which the water vapor on the A side of the four-circuit is superheated into industrial high-temperature steam by the electric heating superheater (12), and the water vapor on the B side of the four-circuit is generated by the steam turbine (10) and supplied to the power grid (11) and the electric heating superheater (12); the power supplied by the steam turbine (10) to the power grid (11) remains the same as that in the first stage, and the remaining power is supplied to the electric heating superheater (12).

7. The sodium-cooled fast reactor power-industrial high-temperature steam peak-shaving combined supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In stage 2, the steam flow rate on the B side of the quadruple circuit is 1.1 times that of stage 1.

Images