Mountain blasting construction method and dust falling device

Abstract

The application discloses a mountain blasting construction method and a dust falling device, and relates to the technical field of blasting construction, which has the technical scheme as follows: one, excavating a drilling platform for walking and a slope forming platform at the edge slope of a mountain top; two, a drilling equipment walks on the drilling platform and drills blast holes along an angle parallel to the edge slope; three, equidistantly arranging and distributing the dust falling device on the slope forming platform; four, using electronic detonators to initiate a hole-by-hole network; five, cleaning the mountain rock after blasting and processing the edge slope; six, repeating steps two to five until the construction reaches the position of the slope bottom. The method is implemented in combination with the dust falling device, can reduce the flying dust after blasting in the process of blasting the mountain in sections, makes the visual field clear after blasting, can help the staff to observe the rock rolling condition, so as to adaptively adjust the blasting work in real time, reduce the construction safety hidden danger, and also reduces the pollution to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting construction technology, specifically to a mountain blasting construction method and a dust suppression device. Background Technology

[0002] Construction blasting is an engineering technique that uses the energy generated by the explosion of explosives under controlled conditions to accomplish specific engineering tasks. This construction method is often used for tunnel excavation or rock breaking. The process generates a large amount of dust, especially when blasting mountains. Blasting is mainly carried out on the slope side of the mountain. During the blasting process, a large amount of dust will spread down the slope, which will obstruct the overall visibility of the slope side after the blasting is carried out. It is also difficult for workers to observe the rolling of the broken rocks, which increases the safety hazards in the construction process.

[0003] In view of this, a design or technical improvement is proposed to solve the above problems.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a method for mountain blasting construction and a dust suppression device.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for mountain blasting construction includes the following steps:

[0008] 1. Excavate a drilling platform and a slope-forming platform at the top slope for walking. The drilling platform is 6-8m wide and its height is lower than that of the slope-forming platform.

[0009] 2. The drilling equipment moves on the drilling platform and drills blast holes at an angle parallel to the slope. Every three groups of blast holes form an equilateral triangle unit, and each unit is arranged at equal intervals to form a rectangular or parallelogram plane.

[0010] 3. Dust suppression devices are arranged at equal intervals on the sloping platform;

[0011] 4. After the holes are laid out, the site is cleared. Then, electronic detonators are used to detonate the network hole by hole. The delay for each hole is 25-30ms, and the delay between rows is 45-50ms. The total number of detonators in the network is no more than 200.

[0012] 5. Clean up the blasted rock and process the slope to allow it to continue forming drilling platforms and slope-forming platforms in the next layer;

[0013] 6. Repeat steps 2 through 5 until the construction reaches the bottom of the slope.

[0014] A dust suppression device in step three of the above method includes a housing and fixed rods disposed on both sides of the housing. The housing is fixed to the slope platform by the fixed rods.

[0015] Furthermore, the housing is provided with an energy-absorbing mechanism for buffering and absorbing the impact of blasted rocks, a spraying mechanism for spraying water mist into the blasting range after the energy-absorbing mechanism absorbs the impact of blasted rocks, and a dust-collecting mechanism for absorbing the humidified dust particles after the spraying mechanism has finished working.

[0016] Furthermore, the energy absorption mechanism includes an energy absorption plate located below the housing, a buffer spring disposed on the energy absorption plate and slidably connected to the housing, a limiting slide rod sleeved outside the buffer spring with one end disposed on the energy absorption plate and the other end disposed on the housing, and a pin locking assembly for limiting the movement of the energy absorption plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the spraying mechanism includes a water storage tank disposed within the housing, a piston plate that slides and seals within the water storage tank, and atomizing nozzles evenly distributed on the water storage tank and communicating with its interior; a slot communicating with the water storage tank is provided on the bottom side of the housing, and the piston plate and the energy-absorbing plate are connected by an energy-storing spring passing through the slot; and pin-locking assemblies that limit the movement of the energy-absorbing plate and the piston plate are also provided on both sides of the water storage tank.

[0018] Furthermore, the pin lock assembly includes a limiting buckle disposed on the housing, a limiting pin that slides within the limiting buckle, a fixing plate disposed on the housing, and a first return spring disposed between the limiting pin and the fixing plate.

[0019] The piston plate is provided with a lower suspension plate, and the lower suspension plate is provided with a pin hole that matches the limiting pin.

[0020] The end of the limiting pin away from the limiting buckle is provided with a rear plate, the rear plate is provided with a fan-shaped protrusion, and the energy-absorbing plate is provided with buckle plates on both sides, the buckle plates having slots adapted to the fan-shaped protrusion.

[0021] Furthermore, the dust collection mechanism includes a dust collection chamber disposed within the housing, multiple sets of exhaust fans rotatably disposed within the dust collection chamber, a first movable shaft rotatably disposed at both ends within the dust collection chamber via bearing brackets, and a first motor disposed at one end of the first movable shaft; the exhaust fan is provided with a first bevel tooth at its tail end, and the first movable shaft is provided with a second bevel tooth that meshes with the first bevel tooth; the housing is provided with an exhaust port communicating with the dust collection chamber, and the exhaust fan is positioned directly opposite the exhaust port.

[0022] Furthermore, the water storage tank is also equipped with a mist blowing assembly for improving the diffusion range of the water mist sprayed by the spraying mechanism; the mist blowing assembly includes multiple sets of fans rotatably mounted on the water storage tank, a second movable shaft rotatably mounted on the water storage tank at both ends via bearing brackets, and a second motor mounted at one end of the second movable shaft; the tail end of the fan is provided with a third bevel tooth, and the second movable shaft is provided with a fourth bevel tooth that meshes with the third bevel tooth; the housing is provided with a blower opening communicating with its interior, and the fan and the atomizing nozzle are directly opposite the blower opening.

[0023] Furthermore, the water storage tank is also provided with a flow passage cavity communicating with its interior, the atomizing nozzle is provided on the flow passage cavity, the water storage tank is provided with a transfer box communicating with the flow passage cavity and the interior of the water storage tank respectively, a first execution box electrically connected to the second motor is provided above the transfer box, a first spring switch is provided on the side of the first execution box facing the transfer box, a push rod is movably connected to the upper side of the transfer box, and a one-way valve is provided between the transfer box and the flow passage cavity;

[0024] The water storage tank is also equipped with a second actuator box that is electrically connected to the first motor. The upper end of the second actuator box is equipped with a second spring switch. The water storage tank is equipped with an air collection cylinder that communicates with its interior. The upper end of the air collection cylinder is provided with an air inlet. A movable rod is movably connected inside the air inlet. The lower end of the movable rod is provided with an air inlet sealing plate that can cover the air inlet. The upper end of the movable rod is provided with a pressure contact plate facing the second spring switch. A second return spring is sleeved on the movable rod, with one end on the air collection cylinder and the other end on the pressure contact plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the rear plate extends upward into the housing, and the housing is provided with a limiting groove for the rear plate to limit its movement. A cross arm is provided at the end of the rear plate away from the limiting pin. A push control plate is provided on the piston plate that movably connects with the water storage tank. A wedge-shaped surface is provided between the cross arm and the push control plate to cooperate with each other.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this solution are: This method, combined with a dust suppression device, can reduce dust generated after blasting during the segmented blasting process, making the post-blast visibility clear and facilitating workers to observe the falling debris, so as to make real-time adaptive adjustments to the blasting work, reduce construction safety hazards, and also reduce environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the construction site layout during the implementation of the construction method of this invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a site diagram after the implementation of the construction method of this invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dust suppression device in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the housing structure in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the shell structure in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the housing in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection mechanism in the dust collection device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a rear view schematic diagram of the water storage tank in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a side view of the water storage tank in the dust suppression device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a front view schematic diagram of the water storage tank in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer box in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the mist blowing component in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the air collection cylinder in the dust collection device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the pin-lock assembly in the dust suppression device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 17 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the pin-lock assembly in the dust suppression device of the present invention.

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Drilling platform; 11. Slope-forming platform; 2. Shell; 21. Fixed rod; 22. Groove; 23. Limiting slide groove; 3. Energy-absorbing plate; 31. Buffer spring; 32. Limiting slide rod; 4. Water storage tank; 41. Piston plate; 42. Atomizing nozzle; 43. Energy storage spring; 5. Limiting buckle; 51. Limiting pin; 52. Fixed plate; 53. First reset spring; 54. Lower suspension plate; 55. Pin hole; 56. Rear plate; 57. Fan-shaped protrusion; 58. Buckle plate; 59. Slot; 6. Dust collection tank; 61. Exhaust fan; 62. First movable shaft; 63. First motor 64. First bevel gear; 65. Second bevel gear; 66. Exhaust port; 7. Blowing fan; 71. Second movable shaft; 72. Second motor; 73. Third bevel gear; 74. Fourth bevel gear; 75. Blowing port; 8. Flow chamber; 81. Flow box; 82. First actuator box; 83. First spring switch; 84. Push rod; 85. One-way valve; 9. Second actuator box; 91. Second spring switch; 92. Air receiver; 93. Air inlet; 94. Movable rod; 95. Air inlet sealing plate; 96. Pressure plate; 97. Second return spring; 98. Horizontal arm; 99. Push control plate. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1-17 The shown mountain blasting construction method includes the following steps:

[0048] 1. Excavate a drilling platform 1 for walking and a slope-forming platform 11 at the top slope. The drilling platform 1 is 6-8m wide and the height of the drilling platform 1 is lower than that of the slope-forming platform 11.

[0049] 2. The drilling equipment moves on the drilling platform 1 and drills blast holes at an angle parallel to the slope. Every three groups of blast holes form an equilateral triangle unit. Each unit is arranged at equal intervals to form a rectangular or parallelogram plane. The equilateral triangle arrangement principle makes the blasting energy evenly distributed, and makes it easier to achieve the expected effect of rock fragmentation after blasting.

[0050] 3. Dust suppression devices are arranged at equal intervals on the slope platform 11. During the blasting process, the dust suppression devices will be driven by the blasting impact force to spray water mist within the blasting range. The water mist will agglomerate the agitated dust and reduce the dust diffusion.

[0051] 4. After the holes are laid out, the site is cleared. Then, electronic detonators are used to detonate the network hole by hole. The delay for each hole is 25-30ms, and the delay between rows is 45-50ms. The total number of detonators in the network is no more than 200.

[0052] 5. Clean up the blasted rock and process the slope to form drilling platform 1 and slope forming platform 11 in the next layer;

[0053] 6. Repeat steps 2 through 5 until the construction reaches the bottom of the slope.

[0054] This construction plan is mainly applicable to blasting work on the slope side of mountains. During the blasting process, a large amount of dust will be generated, and some gravel will roll off due to the impact of the blasting force. As the dust spreads along the slope, it will hinder the staff from observing the falling gravel and make it difficult to adjust the blasting work. Therefore, this plan introduces a dust suppression device to cooperate with the blasting work of the slope in stages, so as to greatly reduce dust and improve the staff's observation vision.

[0055] The dust suppression device includes a housing 2 and fixed rods 21 arranged on both sides of the housing 2. The housing 2 is fixed to the slope platform 11 by the fixed rods 21. The housing 2 is arranged in an inclined position. The length of the fixed rods 21 can be set to 2-4 times the height of the inclined position of the housing 2, and the insertion depth reaches two-thirds of the overall length of the fixed rods 21 to improve the stability of the device.

[0056] In one embodiment, the housing 2 is equipped with an energy-absorbing mechanism for buffering and absorbing the impact of blasted rocks, a spraying mechanism for spraying water mist into the blasting area after the energy-absorbing mechanism absorbs the impact of the rocks, and a dust-collecting mechanism for absorbing the moistened dust particles after the spraying mechanism has finished working. During the blasting process, the impact force will cause a large number of rocks to fly. The rocks will impact the energy-absorbing mechanism of the dust-collecting device, so that their impact energy is absorbed by the device. At this time, they will fall down. The device will activate the internal spraying mechanism due to the impact of the rocks, and then spray water mist towards the blasting side. The water mist causes the dust to agglomerate and then fall under the action of gravity, preventing it from spreading down the slope. After the spraying mechanism finishes spraying, the dust-collecting mechanism on the device will continue to start, and then accelerate the absorption of the agglomerated dust, so that it quickly disappears from the blasting area, providing the staff with a good observation field.

[0057] In one embodiment, the energy-absorbing mechanism includes an energy-absorbing plate 3 located below the housing 2, a buffer spring 31 disposed on the energy-absorbing plate 3 and slidably connected to the housing 2, a limiting slide rod 32 sleeved outside the buffer spring 31 with one end disposed on the energy-absorbing plate 3 and the other end disposed on the housing 2, and a pin locking assembly for limiting the movement of the energy-absorbing plate 3. The energy-absorbing plate 3 mainly receives the impact of the gravel, causing it to move towards the housing 2 under the action of the impact energy, thereby compressing the limiting slide rod 32, thereby converting the impact kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, causing the gravel to quickly lose energy and fall back into the blasting area. A thicker rubber layer can be provided on the side of the energy-absorbing plate 3 opposite to the blasting area to protect the surface of the energy-absorbing plate 3 from deformation by the impact of the gravel.

[0058] In one embodiment, the spraying mechanism includes a water storage tank 4 disposed within a housing 2, a piston plate 41 that slides and seals within the water storage tank 4, and atomizing nozzles 42 evenly distributed on the water storage tank 4 and communicating with its interior. A slot 22 communicating with the water storage tank 4 is provided on the bottom side of the housing 2. The piston plate 41 and the energy-absorbing plate 3 are connected by an energy-storing spring 43 passing through the slot 22. Pin-locking assemblies that limit the movement of the energy-absorbing plate 3 and the piston plate 41 are also provided on both sides of the water storage tank 4. When the energy-absorbing plate 3 is impacted by gravel and moves towards the housing 2, it will cause the energy-storing spring 43 to contract and store energy. After the energy-absorbing plate 3 has moved a certain distance, it is limited by the pin-locking assembly, preventing it from continuing to move. At this time, the energy-storing spring 43 releases its stored energy towards the piston plate 41, causing the piston plate 41 to move within the water storage tank 4 and push the water in the water storage tank 4 upward through the atomizing nozzles 42 to be atomized and sprayed out.

[0059] In one embodiment, the pin-lock assembly includes a limiting buckle 5 disposed on the housing 2, a limiting pin 51 that limits sliding within the limiting buckle 5, a fixing plate 52 disposed on the housing 2, and a first return spring 53 disposed between the limiting pin 51 and the fixing plate 52; a lower suspension plate 54 is disposed on the piston plate 41, and a pin hole 55 adapted to the limiting pin 51 is provided on the lower suspension plate 54; a rear plate 56 is disposed at the end of the limiting pin 51 away from the limiting buckle 5, and a fan-shaped protrusion 57 is provided on the rear plate 56; buckle plates 58 are disposed on both sides of the energy-absorbing plate 3, and slots 59 adapted to the fan-shaped protrusion 57 are provided on the buckle plates 58; in the normal state, the limiting pin 51 is inserted into the pin hole 55 on the lower suspension plate 54 to limit the piston plate 41, so that the piston plate 41 can be stopped when the energy-absorbing plate 3 is impacted. When the energy-absorbing plate 3 is impacted and the energy storage spring 43 is compressed, it becomes the bearing surface. When the energy-absorbing plate 3 moves to a certain position, the buckle plates 58 on both sides will abut against the fan-shaped protrusion 57, thereby pushing the limiting pin 51 to move out of the pin hole 55, thus releasing the limitation on the piston plate 41. At the same time as the limitation on the piston plate 41 is released, the buckle plate 58 and the fan-shaped protrusion 57 are misaligned, and the slot 59 at its upper end is directly opposite the fan-shaped protrusion 57. At this time, the fan-shaped protrusion 57 loses the abutting force of the buckle plate 58, and thus resets under the action of the first reset spring 53. Then it rebounds and inserts into the slot 59 to limit the energy-absorbing plate 3, so that the energy-absorbing plate 3 becomes the fixed bearing surface of the energy storage spring 43. Then, the rebound of the energy storage spring 43 releases the impact kinetic energy it has absorbed, and pushes the piston plate 41 upward to compress the water and spray it out as an atomization.

[0060] In one embodiment, the vacuuming mechanism includes a vacuum chamber 6 disposed within a housing 2, multiple sets of exhaust fans 61 rotatably disposed within the vacuum chamber 6, a first movable shaft 62 rotatably disposed at both ends within the vacuum chamber 6 via bearing brackets, and a first motor 63 disposed at one end of the first movable shaft 62; the exhaust fan 61 is provided with a first bevel tooth 64 at its tail end, and the first movable shaft 62 is provided with a second bevel tooth 65 that meshes with the first bevel tooth 64; the housing 2 is provided with an exhaust port 66 communicating with the vacuum chamber 6, and the exhaust fan 61 is positioned directly opposite the exhaust port 66. The first motor 63 drives the first movable shaft 62 to rotate, and then the first bevel tooth 64 is driven by the second bevel tooth 65, thereby driving the exhaust fan 61 to rotate and generate a suction effect, thus realizing the vacuuming operation.

[0061] In one embodiment, the water storage tank 4 is further provided with a mist blowing assembly for improving the diffusion range of the water mist sprayed by the spraying mechanism; the mist blowing assembly includes multiple sets of blower fans 7 rotatably mounted on the water storage tank 4, a second movable shaft 71 rotatably mounted on the water storage tank 4 at both ends via bearing brackets, and a second motor 72 mounted at one end of the second movable shaft 71; the tail end of the blower fan 7 is provided with a third bevel tooth 73, and the second movable shaft 71 is provided with a fourth bevel tooth 74 that meshes with the third bevel tooth 73; the housing 2 is provided with a blowout port 75 communicating with its interior, and the blower fan 7 and the atomizing nozzle 42 are directly opposite the blowout port 75. When the water atomized in the atomizing nozzle 42 is sprayed, in order to diffuse it further to fully cover the dust, the second motor 72 drives the second movable shaft 71 to rotate, and then the fourth bevel tooth 74 on the second movable shaft 71 drives the third bevel tooth 73, thereby driving the blower fan 7 to rotate, thereby blowing the atomized water to a further range to cover the dust.

[0062] In one embodiment, the water storage tank 4 is further provided with a flow passage cavity 8 communicating with its interior. An atomizing nozzle 42 is disposed on the flow passage cavity 8. The water storage tank 4 is provided with a transfer box 81 communicating with both the flow passage cavity 8 and the interior of the water storage tank 4. Above the transfer box 81 is a first actuator box 82 electrically connected to the second motor 72. A first spring switch 83 is disposed on the side of the first actuator box 82 facing the transfer box 81. A push rod 84 is movably connected to the upper side of the transfer box 81. A one-way valve 85 is disposed between the transfer box 81 and the flow passage cavity 8. The water storage tank 4 is also provided with a second actuator box 9 electrically connected to the first motor 63. A second spring switch 91 is disposed at the upper end of the second actuator box 9. An air collection cylinder 92 communicating with the interior of the water storage tank 4 is also provided. An air inlet 93 is provided at the upper end of the air collector 92. A movable rod 94 is movably connected inside the air inlet 93. An air inlet sealing plate 95 is provided at the lower end of the movable rod 94 to cover the air inlet 93. A pressure contact plate 96 is provided at the upper end of the movable rod 94, facing the second spring switch 91. A second return spring 97 is sleeved on the movable rod 94, with one end on the air collector 92 and the other end on the pressure contact plate 96. The rear plate 56 extends upward into the housing 2. A limiting groove 23 is provided on the housing 2 for limiting the movement of the rear plate 56. A cross arm 98 is provided at the end of the rear plate 56 away from the limiting pin 51. A push control plate 99 is provided on the piston plate 41, which is movably connected to the water storage tank 4. A wedge-shaped surface is provided between the cross arm 98 and the push control plate 99 to cooperate with each other. As the piston plate 41 moves upward to atomize and spray water, the water is diverted into the transfer box 81. The water pressure then pushes the push rod 84 upward, abutting against the first spring switch 83. This activates the first actuator box 82, which then sends an electrical signal to the second motor 72, starting the mist blowing assembly to work synchronously with the spray mechanism. Once the piston plate 41 has completely pushed the water out, its upper push control plate 99 abuts against the cross arm 98, pushing the cross arm 98 to move laterally. The cross arm 98 moves backward via the rear plate 56, disengaging the fan-shaped protrusion 57 from the slot 59 on the latch plate 58, thus releasing the... The limiting of the energy-absorbing plate 3 causes it to spring back to its original position under the action of the limiting slide bar 32. This causes the energy storage spring 43 to be stretched and stored, which pulls the piston plate 41 downward. At this time, a negative pressure is generated in the water storage tank 4, causing the push rod 84 to move back and separate from the first spring switch 83. Consequently, the second motor 72 stops working. At the same time, the air inlet sealing plate 95 moves downward, opening the air inlet 93. This causes the pressure plate 96 to move downward and press against the second spring switch 91, activating the second actuator box 9. This drives the first motor 63 to work, and the dust collection mechanism begins to work, thus absorbing dust. When the piston plate 41 moves a certain distance, the stored energy of the energy storage spring 43 is completely released, and the entire device stops, completing the dust reduction work.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device, characterized in that: It includes a housing (2) and fixed insert rods (21) arranged on both sides of the housing (2). The housing (2) is fixed to the slope platform (11) by the fixed insert rods (21). The housing (2) is provided with an energy-absorbing mechanism for buffering and absorbing the impact of blasted rocks, a spraying mechanism for spraying water mist into the blasting range after the energy-absorbing mechanism absorbs the impact of blasted rocks, and a dust-absorbing mechanism for absorbing the humidified dust particles after the spraying mechanism has finished working. The energy absorption mechanism includes an energy absorption plate (3) located below the housing (2), a buffer spring (31) disposed on the energy absorption plate (3) and slidably connected to the housing (2), a limiting slide rod (32) sleeved outside the buffer spring (31) with one end disposed on the energy absorption plate (3) and the other end disposed on the housing (2), and a pin lock assembly for limiting the movement of the energy absorption plate (3); The spraying mechanism includes a water storage tank (4) disposed in the housing (2), a piston plate (41) that slides and seals inside the water storage tank (4), and atomizing nozzles (42) that are evenly distributed on the water storage tank (4) and communicate with its interior. The bottom side of the shell (2) is provided with a slot (22) that communicates with the water storage tank (4). The piston plate (41) and the energy absorption plate (3) are connected by an energy storage spring (43) that passes through the slot (22). The water storage tank (4) is also provided with a pin lock assembly that limits the position of the energy absorption plate (3) and the piston plate (41). The pin lock assembly includes a limiting buckle (5) disposed on the housing (2), a limiting pin (51) that limits sliding within the limiting buckle (5), a fixing plate (52) disposed on the housing (2), and a first return spring (53) disposed between the limiting pin (51) and the fixing plate (52). The piston plate (41) is provided with a lower suspension plate (54), and the lower suspension plate (54) is provided with a pin hole (55) that is adapted to the limiting pin (51). The end of the limiting pin (51) away from the limiting buckle (5) is provided with a rear plate (56), the rear plate (56) is provided with a fan-shaped protrusion (57), and the energy-absorbing plate (3) is provided with buckle plates (58) on both sides, and the buckle plates (58) are provided with slots (59) that are adapted to the fan-shaped protrusion (57).

2. The dust suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection mechanism includes a dust collection chamber (6) disposed in the housing (2), multiple sets of exhaust fans (61) rotatably disposed in the dust collection chamber (6), a first movable shaft (62) rotatably disposed in the dust collection chamber (6) through bearing brackets at both ends, and a first motor (63) disposed at one end of the first movable shaft (62). The exhaust fan (61) is provided with a first bevel tooth (64) at its tail end, and the first movable shaft (62) is provided with a second bevel tooth (65) that meshes with the first bevel tooth (64). The housing (2) has an exhaust port (66) that communicates with the dust collection chamber (6), and the exhaust fan (61) is positioned directly opposite the exhaust port (66).

3. The dust suppression device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water storage tank (4) is also equipped with a mist blowing component for improving the diffusion range of the water mist sprayed by the spraying mechanism; The mist blowing assembly includes multiple sets of fans (7) rotatably mounted on the water storage tank (4), a second movable shaft (71) rotatably mounted on the water storage tank (4) at both ends via bearing brackets, and a second motor (72) mounted at one end of the second movable shaft (71). The fan (7) is provided with a third bevel tooth (73) at its tail end, and the second movable shaft (71) is provided with a fourth bevel tooth (74) that meshes with the third bevel tooth (73). The housing (2) is provided with a blow-out port (75) communicating with its interior, and the blow-out fan (7) and the atomizing nozzle (42) are positioned opposite the blow-out port (75).

4. The dust suppression device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water storage tank (4) is also provided with a flow passage cavity (8) communicating with its interior. The atomizing nozzle (42) is provided on the flow passage cavity (8). The water storage tank (4) is provided with a transfer box (81) communicating with the flow passage cavity (8) and the interior of the water storage tank (4) respectively. A first execution box (82) electrically connected to the second motor (72) is provided above the transfer box (81). A first spring switch (83) is provided on the side of the first execution box (82) facing the transfer box (81). A push rod (84) is movably connected to the upper side of the transfer box (81). A one-way valve (85) is provided between the transfer box (81) and the flow passage cavity (8). The water storage tank (4) is also provided with a second execution box (9) that is electrically connected to the first motor (63). The second execution box (9) is provided with a second spring switch (91) at its upper end. The water storage tank (4) is provided with an air collection cylinder (92) that communicates with its interior. The upper end of the air collection cylinder (92) is provided with an air inlet (93). A movable rod (94) is movably connected inside the air inlet (93). The lower end of the movable rod (94) is provided with an air inlet sealing plate (95) that can cover the air inlet (93). The upper end of the movable rod (94) is provided with a pressure contact plate (96) that faces the second spring switch (91). A second return spring (97) is sleeved on the movable rod (94), with one end on the air collection cylinder (92) and the other end on the pressure contact plate (96).

5. The dust suppression device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear plate (56) extends upward into the interior of the housing (2). The housing (2) is provided with a limiting groove (23) for limiting the movement of the rear plate (56). A cross arm (98) is provided at the end of the rear plate (56) away from the limiting pin (51). A push control plate (99) is provided on the piston plate (41) and is movably connected to the water storage tank (4). A wedge-shaped surface is provided between the cross arm (98) and the push control plate (99) to cooperate with each other.

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