Method for preventing and controlling longhorn beetle larvae

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing and treating longhorn beetle larvae, which is characterized in that the longhorn beetle larvae are respectively prevented and treated and differentiated measures are taken aiming at three important periods of the longhorn beetle larvae by utilizing the living feeding characteristic of the longhorn beetle boring a rod and the larva harm characteristic, and a systemic insecticide is combined with a biological source pesticide to kill the longhorn beetle larvae in the early period of spring. In the early stage of summer, a strong systemic insecticide is adopted for key prevention, and in the last stage of autumn, parasitic infectious bacteria are adopted for biological prevention. According to the long-horned beetle larva prevention and control method, the improved high-pressure pesticide spraying device is used for directly conveying the pesticide to the surfaces of the larvae in the trees, and the method has the advantages of being easy to operate, accurate in prevention and control, low in pesticide dosage, efficient, low in toxicity and environmentally friendly; the technical problems that long-horned beetle larvae are deep and difficult to prevent and control and a traditional pesticide spraying mode is low in prevention and control efficiency are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection and control, and particularly relates to a method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae. Background Art

[0002] The larvae of longhorn beetles are an important specialized borer pest and a major stem borer pest in orchards and tea gardens. They damage the stems of fruit trees and directly cause the death of fruit trees, including citrus, grapevines, grapefruit and other important economic crops. In the past, the control of longhorn beetles was mainly carried out by spraying pesticides, killing with holes and hooks, and attracting longhorn beetle adults. The effect was not very good and caused many drawbacks such as high labor management costs, high pesticide residues, soil pollution, and killing of non-target organisms.

[0003] In recent years, the control of pest longhorn beetle species has become a difficult problem in pest control in orchards and tea gardens. Longhorn beetles lay eggs in tree trunks, and the larvae specifically bore into the trunks and feed on the stems inside the trees, making it impossible for the trees to transport nutrients, leading to the death of the trees. Due to their feeding habits, it is difficult for pesticides to penetrate from the surface of the tree into the trunk. Low-dose pesticides have low efficacy and cannot kill the larvae. Although high-dose pesticides kill target pests, they also harm fruit plants. Moreover, the labor force in hilly areas has decreased, and the method of manually killing longhorn beetle larvae with hooks has invisibly increased a large amount of management costs. In addition, the policy of reducing the use of pesticides has also reduced the use of large-scale spraying to a certain extent. Therefore, the development of a method for killing longhorn beetle larvae with low doses, precision and high efficiency has broad application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the larvae of longhorn beetles in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art. In view of the fact that longhorn beetles lay eggs on tree trunks and the larval stage is an important period for harming fruit trees, a method of high-pressure spraying of tree pores is adopted, and different pesticides are sprayed respectively in three periods throughout the year using a high-pressure pesticide spraying device for prevention and control.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for preventing and controlling longhorn beetle larvae, which uses high-pressure spraying of tree ducts to prevent and control longhorn beetle larvae at three important stages, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. In March and April, after the larvae of longhorn beetles become active, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust on the trees, spray the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a along the holes with a high-pressure agent spraying device, and spray 10 to 15 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 3 to 8% of low-toxic longhorn beetle killing agent, 5 to 10% of emulsifier, 0.1 to 0.5% of plant growth regulator, 20% of biogenic pesticide, 2 to 3% of cosolvent, and the balance is water;

[0008] S2. From May to July, during the peak period of emergence and egg-laying of longhorn beetle larvae, in places where trees have obvious holes or sawdust, use a high-pressure agent spraying device to spray longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B along the hole opening, and spray 10 to 20 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 10% low-toxic longhorn beetle killing agent, 5 to 10% emulsifier, 1% plant growth regulator, 2% cosolvent, and the balance is water;

[0009] S3. From November to December, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the trees, spray the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid along the holes, and spray 5 to 10 mL in a single hole; the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid is prepared by 20% composite bacterial agent and 80% water, and the composite bacterial agent includes 50% green muscardine CQMa421, 30% Beauveria bassiana and 20% Bacillus thuringiensis.

[0010] Preferably, the low-toxic longhorn beetle-killing agent includes imidacloprid, thiacloprid or dichlorvos.

[0011] Preferably, the emulsifier includes fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, phenoxyphenol polyoxyethylene ether or phenoxyethylene, and has a molecular weight of 800-1200.

[0012] Preferably, the plant growth regulator is brassinolide.

[0013] Preferably, the biogenic pesticide is Bacillus thuringiensis liquid, and the active ingredient is 16000 IU / mg.

[0014] Preferably, the co-solvent comprises acetone, methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol ether or butylene glycol ether.

[0015] Preferably, the high-pressure medicine spraying device includes a gun head, a catheter, an electric pressurizer and a medicine bottle, the gun head is replaceable, one end of the catheter is connected to the gun head, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the electric pressurizer, and the electric pressurizer is threadedly connected to the medicine bottle.

[0016] The method for preventing and controlling longhorn beetle larvae of the present invention can be used in orchards or tea gardens.

[0017] The present invention has the following significant technical effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of the life and feeding of stem borers and the characteristics of the larval damage period to develop a control method for targeted elimination of tree stem borers. The method mainly targets the three important periods of longhorn beetle larvae for separate control and differentiated measures. In early spring, systemic insecticides are used in combination with biogenic pesticides for killing, in early summer, strong systemic insecticides are used for key control, and in late autumn, parasitic infectious bacteria are used for biological control. The longhorn beetle larvae control method of the present invention utilizes an improved high-pressure agent spraying device to directly deliver the insecticide to the surface of the larvae in the tree. It has the advantages of simple use, precise control, low dosage, high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental protection, and effectively solves the technical problems of the difficulty in controlling the deep-boring stems of longhorn beetle larvae and the low control efficiency of traditional pesticide spraying methods.

[0019] 2. The present invention adopts parasitic infectious bacteria for biological control in late autumn, among which Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 and Beauveria bassiana can achieve long-term infection and lethal effect on longhorn beetle larvae during the long winter without damaging the tree.

[0020] 3. The present invention utilizes an improved high-pressure pesticide spraying device to spray pesticides into tree holes in a directional manner, which can more efficiently deliver chemical pesticides to target pests, reduce the amount of pesticides used, and reduce the harm of residual pesticides to the soil in orchards or tea gardens. At the same time, different gun heads can be replaced for different types of pesticides to better exert the effects of the pesticides.

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure medicine spraying device of the present invention, 1-gun head, 2-conduit, 3-electric pressurizer, 4-medicine bottle;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a control effect diagram of killing longhorn beetle larvae on citrus fruit trees in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the control effect of killing longhorn beetle larvae on grapefruit trees in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a control effect diagram of the tea tree killing longhorn beetle larvae in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Example 1

[0027] In this example, in 2023, the citrus orchard of the Horticulture Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Nanchang County, Nanchang City, was used to control longhorn beetle larvae. Citrus trees with longhorn beetle holes and fresh sawdust at the root bottom were selected in the citrus orchard for marking. After one day of observation, trees with new sawdust were generated, and 90 trees were selected. The damaged fruit trees were treated with three medication methods, namely, high-pressure spraying of pesticides on the trunk holes, spraying of pesticides on the trunk surface, and spraying of tap water on the trunk holes (control), and 30 diseased trees were selected for each treatment.

[0028] The method of high pressure spraying of pesticides in tree trunk holes includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. From March to April, after the larvae of longhorn beetles become active, use a high-pressure spraying device to spray longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a along the holes where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the fruit trees, and spray 15 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a is a systemic insecticide combined with a biogenic pesticide, specifically composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 6% thiacloprid, 8% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1% brassinolide, 20% Bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 3% butanediol ether, and the remainder is water, wherein the molecular weight of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 800, and the active ingredient of Bacillus thuringiensis liquid is 16000 IU / mg, which is purchased from Shandong Tianwei Pesticide Co., Ltd.

[0030] Schematic diagram of high pressure spraying device Figure 1 , including: a gun tip 1, a catheter 2, an electric pressurizer 3 and a medicine bottle 4, one end of the catheter 2 is connected to the gun tip 1, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the electric pressurizer 3, the electric pressurizer 3 is threadedly connected to the medicine bottle 4, the gun tip 1 is a pipette gun tip, and different gun tips can be replaced according to different medicines, the catheter 2 is a PVC hose with a diameter of 5mm, and the electric pressurizer 3 is a commercially available "Jin Dashi" brand.

[0031] S2. From May to July, during the peak period of emergence and egg-laying of longhorn beetle larvae, use a high-pressure spray device to spray longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B along the holes where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the fruit trees, and spray 10 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B is a strong systemic insecticide composed of the following ingredients: 10% dichlorvos, 5% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (molecular weight 800), 1% brassinolide, 2% acetone, and the balance is water.

[0032] S3. From November to December, spray parasitic infectious bacteria liquid along the holes where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the fruit trees, and spray 5 mL in a single hole; the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid is prepared by 20% composite bacterial agent and 80% water, and the composite bacterial agent includes 50% green muscardine CQMa421, 30% Beauveria bassiana and 20% Bacillus thuringiensis, all of which are commercially available.

[0033] The method of spraying the pesticide on the surface of the tree trunk is: at the same time, the same pesticide is sprayed on the surface of the tree trunk using a pesticide spraying device.

[0034] Spraying tap water into the holes of tree trunks means spraying tap water into the holes of tree trunks using a pesticide spraying device at the same time as a control.

[0035] The changes in sawdust at the holes of citrus trees were observed 10 days before and after the three treatments, and the absence of new sawdust was considered as the standard for effective killing of longhorn beetle larvae. Figure 2 This is a data chart of the control effect of killing longhorn beetle larvae on citrus fruit trees in this embodiment. The results show that compared with spraying on the surface of the trunk, the method of high-pressure spraying of pesticides in the trunk holes of the present invention has a significant effect on the control of longhorn beetle larvae, effectively solves the problem of longhorn beetle larvae boring deep into the trunk and is difficult to control, and has a high control efficiency.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] In view of the damage of longhorn beetle larvae to grapefruit trees in the grapefruit orchard, this embodiment carried out longhorn beetle larvae control in the grapefruit orchard of the Henggang base of the Horticulture Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Nanchang County, Nanchang City in 2023. Grapefruit trees with longhorn beetle holes and fresh sawdust were selected in the grapefruit orchard for marking. After one day of observation, trees with new sawdust were generated, and 60 trees were selected. The damaged fruit trees were treated with three medication methods, namely, high-pressure spraying of trunk holes, spraying of trunk surface, and tap water spraying of trunk holes (control), and 20 diseased trees were selected for each treatment.

[0038] The method of high pressure spraying of pesticides in tree trunk holes includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. In March and April, after the larvae of the longhorn beetles become active, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the fruit trees, a high-pressure agent spraying device (same as in Example 1) is used to spray the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a along the hole opening, and 12 mL is sprayed in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a is a systemic insecticide combined with a biogenic pesticide, and is specifically composed of the following components in mass percentage: 5% imidacloprid, 6% phenoxyethylene, 0.3% brassinolide, 20% Bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 2% propylene glycol, and the balance is water, wherein the molecular weight of phenoxyethylene is 1200, and the effective ingredient of the Bacillus thuringiensis liquid is 16000 IU / mg, which is purchased from Shandong Tianwei Pesticide Co., Ltd.

[0040] S2. From May to July, during the peak period of emergence and egg-laying of longhorn beetle larvae, use a high-pressure spraying device to spray longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B along the holes where there are obvious holes or sawdust in fruit trees, and spray 15 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B is a strong systemic insecticide composed of the following ingredients: 10% dichlorvos, 8% phenoxyethylene (molecular weight 1200), 1% brassinolide, 2% ethanol, and the balance is water.

[0041] S3. From November to December, spray parasitic infectious bacteria liquid along the holes where there are obvious holes or sawdust on the fruit trees, and spray 10 mL in a single hole; the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid is prepared by 20% composite bacterial agent and 80% water, and the composite bacterial agent includes 50% green muscardine CQMa421, 30% Beauveria bassiana and 20% Bacillus thuringiensis, all of which are commercially available.

[0042] The method of spraying the pesticide on the surface of the tree trunk is: at the same time, the same pesticide is sprayed on the surface of the tree trunk using a pesticide spraying device.

[0043] Spraying tap water into the holes of tree trunks means spraying tap water into the holes of tree trunks using a pesticide spraying device at the same time as a control.

[0044] The changes in sawdust at the holes of fruit trees were observed 10 days before and after the three treatments, and the absence of new sawdust was considered as the standard for effective killing of longhorn beetle larvae. Figure 3 This is a data chart of the control effect of killing longhorn beetle larvae on grapefruit trees in this embodiment. It can be seen that compared with spraying on the trunk surface, the trunk hole high-pressure spraying method of the present invention has obvious control effect on grapefruit tree longhorn beetle larvae, effectively solves the problem that longhorn beetle larvae are difficult to control because they bore deep into the trunk, and has high control efficiency.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] In view of the damage of tea trees in old tea gardens by longhorn beetle larvae, this embodiment carried out longhorn beetle larvae control in the old tea garden of Gao'an Base of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Sixi Town, Gao'an City in 2023. In the tea garden, old tea trees with holes and fresh sawdust at the bottom of the trunk were marked, and 60 trees were selected after observing the trees with new sawdust generated one day. The damaged tea trees were treated with three medication methods, namely high-pressure spraying of trunk holes, spraying of trunk surface, and tap water spraying of trunk holes (control), and 20 diseased trees were selected for each treatment.

[0047] The method of high pressure spraying of pesticides in tree trunk holes includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. From March to April, after the larvae of the longhorn beetles become active, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust on the tea trees, a high-pressure agent spraying device (same as in Example 1) is used to spray the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a along the holes, and 10 mL is sprayed in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a is a systemic insecticide combined with a biogenic pesticide, specifically composed of the following components in mass percentage: 8% thiacloprid, 10% phenoxyphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.5% brassinolide, 20% Bacillus thuringiensis solution, 3% isopropanol, and the balance is water, wherein the molecular weight of phenoxyphenol polyoxyethylene ether is 1000, and the effective ingredient of the Bacillus thuringiensis solution is 16000 IU / mg, which is purchased from Shandong Tianwei Pesticide Co., Ltd.

[0049] S2. From May to July, the peak period of the emergence and egg-laying of longhorn beetle larvae, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the tea trees, use a high-pressure pesticide sprayer to spray the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B along the holes, and spray 20 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B is a strong systemic insecticide composed of the following ingredients: 10% dichlorvos, 10% phenoxyphenol polyoxyethylene ether (molecular weight 1000), 1% brassinolide, 2% ethanol, and the balance is water.

[0050] S3. From November to December, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust on the tea trees, spray the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid along the holes, and spray 8 mL in a single hole; the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid is prepared by 20% composite bacterial agent and 80% water, and the composite bacterial agent includes 50% green muscardine CQMa421, 30% Beauveria bassiana and 20% Bacillus thuringiensis, all of which are commercially available.

[0051] The method of spraying the pesticide on the surface of the tree trunk is: at the same time, the same pesticide is sprayed on the surface of the tree trunk using a pesticide spraying device.

[0052] Spraying tap water into the holes of tree trunks means spraying tap water into the holes of tree trunks using a pesticide spraying device at the same time as a control.

[0053] The changes in sawdust at the holes of tea trees were observed 10 days before and after the three treatments, and the absence of new sawdust was considered as the standard for effective killing of longhorn beetle larvae. Figure 4 3 is a data chart of the control effect of tea trees in this embodiment on killing longhorn beetle larvae. It can be seen that the method of high-pressure spraying of pesticides in tree trunk holes adopts directional control and can almost eliminate all longhorn beetle larvae, while the method of spraying pesticides on the surface of the tree trunk has a poor control effect.

[0054] In summary, the present invention targets the three important periods of longhorn beetle larvae for separate prevention and control and adopts differentiated measures. In the early spring, systemic insecticides are used in combination with biogenic pesticides for killing, in the early summer, strong systemic insecticides are used for key prevention and control, and in the late autumn, parasitic infectious bacteria are used for biological control. The present invention reduces the base number of longhorn beetles in orchards or tea gardens and protects fruit trees and tea trees by effectively killing the larval stage of stem-boring pests (citrus longhorn beetles, star beetles, etc.) in orchards or tea gardens. In addition, the method of directional spraying of pesticides into tree holes not only reduces the amount of pesticide used, but also reduces the residual harm of pesticides to the soil in orchards or tea gardens, protects other non-target organisms, and can improve the ecological environment to achieve a green and sustainable ecological vision.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae, characterized in that: The high-pressure spraying method through tree holes is used to control the three important stages of longhorn beetle larvae, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. In March and April, after the larvae of longhorn beetles become active, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust on the trees, spray the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a along the holes with a high-pressure agent spraying device, and spray 10 to 15 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide a is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 3 to 8% of low-toxic longhorn beetle killing agent, 5 to 10% of emulsifier, 0.1 to 0.5% of plant growth regulator, 20% of biogenic pesticide, 2 to 3% of cosolvent, and the balance is water; S2. From May to July, during the peak period of emergence and egg-laying of longhorn beetle larvae, in places where trees have obvious holes or sawdust, use a high-pressure agent spraying device to spray longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B along the hole opening, and spray 10 to 20 mL in a single hole; the longhorn beetle larvae insecticide B is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 10% low-toxic longhorn beetle killing agent, 5 to 10% emulsifier, 1% plant growth regulator, 2% cosolvent, and the balance is water; S3. From November to December, in places where there are obvious holes or sawdust in the trees, spray the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid along the holes, and spray 5 to 10 mL in a single hole; the parasitic infectious bacteria liquid is prepared by 20% composite bacterial agent and 80% water, and the composite bacterial agent includes 50% green muscardine CQMa421, 30% Beauveria bassiana and 20% Bacillus thuringiensis.

2. A method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-toxic longhorn beetle-killing agent includes imidacloprid, thiacloprid or dichlorvos.

3. A method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsifier includes fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, phenoxyphenol polyoxyethylene ether or phenoxyethylene, and the molecular weight is 800-1200.

4. A method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant growth regulator is brassinolide.

5. The method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biosource pesticide is Bacillus thuringiensis liquid, and the active ingredient is 16000 IU / mg.

6. The method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The co-solvent includes acetone, methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol ether or butylene glycol ether.

7. A method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure medicine spraying device comprises a gun head (1), a conduit (2), an electric pressurizer (3) and a medicine-carrying bottle (4); the gun head (1) is replaceable; one end of the conduit (2) is connected to the gun head (1) and the other end is connected to the outlet of the electric pressurizer (3); the electric pressurizer (3) is threadedly connected to the medicine-carrying bottle (4).

8. The method for controlling longhorn beetle larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: Can be used in orchards or tea gardens.

Images