Scheduling method and device for delivery personnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of computer scheduling, and discloses a scheduling method and device for delivery personnel, and the method comprises the steps: determining the order number in a future day and the order number per hour according to the order number per day and the order number per hour in M historical days; according to the order quantity in the next day and the order quantity per hour, determining the order quantity allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the next day and the order quantity per hour; constructing a first objective function and a second objective function according to the number of orders allocated for the first type of delivery personnel in the next day and the number of orders per hour, and determining the number of the orders allocated for the first type of delivery personnel according to the first objective function, the second objective function and a preset constraint condition; and determining the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel of each shift in the next day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the next day. In this way, reasonable scheduling is formulated for delivery personnel, so that the effects of reducing cost and increasing efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of computer scheduling, and in particular to a method and device for scheduling delivery personnel. Background Art

[0002] With the development of mobile Internet, e-commerce platforms have risen rapidly and become the hottest form of new retail. People place orders online on e-commerce platforms, and delivery personnel pick up goods from the warehouse and transport them to the destination. In this process, instant delivery is crucial. In order to achieve instant delivery, it is key to make reasonable shift arrangements for delivery personnel.

[0003] Currently, the delivery staff's shifts are mainly manually scheduled by experienced store managers based on past experience. This process takes a lot of time and the delivery staff's shifts need to be adjusted based on actual conditions.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution to customize reasonable shifts for delivery personnel, so as to achieve the effect of reducing costs and increasing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for scheduling delivery personnel, which is used to assign reasonable schedules to delivery personnel.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for scheduling delivery personnel, the method comprising: determining the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the historical M days; determining the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; constructing a first objective function and a second objective function based on the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour, the first objective function comprising a first decision variable, the first decision variable being the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, the second objective function comprising a second decision variable, the second decision variable being the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day; determining the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day based on the first objective function, the second objective function and preset constraints.

[0007] By adopting the above method, the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day are determined according to the first objective function, the second objective function and the preset constraints, so that reasonable schedules can be assigned to the first type of delivery personnel, avoiding the increase in costs caused by manually assigned schedules and the instability of the performance service quality.

[0008] Optionally, the first objective function satisfies the following formula: Among them, MP d is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, O d is the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E d is the preset first target value.

[0009] in this way, Used to describe the target number of first-type delivery personnel. The closer the attendance number of first-type delivery personnel in each shift of the future day is to the target number of first-type delivery personnel, the more reasonable the specified shift schedule is.

[0010] Optionally, the second objective function satisfies the following formula: preGap = |MP h *E h -O h |, where MP h is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day, O h is the number of orders per hour assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E h is the preset second target value.

[0011] So, MP h *E h Used to describe the hourly production capacity of the first type of delivery personnel. When the hourly production capacity of the first type of delivery personnel is closer to the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel, the first type of delivery personnel can ensure the quality of fulfillment while ensuring the number of orders.

[0012] Optionally, the preset constraints include at least one of the following: the number of the first type of delivery personnel who are present throughout the day does not exceed the maximum number of persons who can be present; the number of persons present in the earliest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1; the number of persons present in the latest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1.

[0013] In the above design, the number of people who can attend the site is a restriction on the designated scheduling of the first-type delivery personnel. On the premise that the number of people attending throughout the day does not exceed the number of people who can attend the site, the attendance number of the first-type delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the first-type delivery personnel every hour of the future day are determined, thereby ensuring the rationality of the scheduling results.

[0014] Optionally, the method further includes: determining the number of people required per hour in the future day according to the daily shift schedule in the historical M days; if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is greater than or equal to a second threshold, then the minimum value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is equal to a third threshold, then the average value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is equal to a fourth threshold, then the average value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel shifted forward by the first time in the time period.

[0015] Optionally, the method also includes: determining the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel and the number of orders per hour in the future day based on the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; constructing a sixth objective function and a seventh objective function based on the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel and the number of orders per hour in the future day, the sixth objective function including a sixth decision variable, the sixth decision variable being the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, and the seventh objective function including a seventh decision variable, the seventh decision variable being the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day; determining the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day based on the sixth objective function, the seventh objective function and preset constraints.

[0016] In this way, the second type of delivery personnel can be reasonably scheduled based on the scheduling of the first type of delivery personnel, thereby achieving the effect of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0017] Optionally, the sum of the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders assigned to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day is the number of orders in the future day, wherein the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day is greater than the number of orders assigned to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a delivery personnel scheduling device, the device comprising:

[0019] A determination unit is used to determine the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the historical M days; and to determine the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; a processing unit is used to construct a first objective function and a second objective function based on the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour, the first objective function including a first decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, and the second objective function including a second decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day; and based on the first objective function, the second objective function and preset constraints, determine the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day.

[0020] Optionally, the first objective function in the processing unit satisfies the following formula: Among them, MP d is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, O d is the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E d is the preset first target value.

[0021] Optionally, the second objective function in the processing unit satisfies the following formula: preGap=|MP h *E h -O h |, where MP h is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day, O h is the number of orders per hour assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E h is the preset second target value.

[0022] Optionally, the constraints preset in the processing unit include at least one of the following: the number of the first type of delivery personnel present throughout the day does not exceed the maximum number of persons who can be present; the number of persons present in the earliest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1; the number of persons present in the latest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1.

[0023] Optionally, the processing unit is further used to determine the number of people required per hour in the future day based on the daily shift schedule in the historical M days; if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the number difference exists is greater than or equal to a second threshold, then the minimum value in the time period in which the number difference exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the number difference exists is equal to a third threshold, then the average value in the time period in which the number difference exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the number difference exists is equal to a fourth threshold, then the average value in the time period in which the number difference exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel shifted forward by the first time in the time period.

[0024] Optionally, the determination unit is also used to determine the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; the processing unit is also used to construct a sixth objective function and a seventh objective function based on the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour, the sixth objective function including a sixth decision variable, the sixth decision variable being the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, and the seventh objective function including a seventh decision variable, the seventh decision variable being the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour of the future day; based on the sixth objective function, the seventh objective function and preset constraints, determine the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour of the future day.

[0025] Optionally, the sum of the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day in the processing unit is the number of orders in the future day, wherein the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day is greater than the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day.

[0026] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computing device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for executing the method described in the first aspect according to the obtained program when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when a computer reads and executes the computer program, the method described in the first aspect above is executed.

[0028] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product. When a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the method described in the first aspect is executed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 A flowchart corresponding to a method for scheduling delivery personnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A flowchart corresponding to a method for scheduling delivery personnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A flowchart corresponding to a method for scheduling delivery personnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a delivery personnel scheduling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality refers to two or more than two. The words "first", "second" and the like are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0037] As the business grows, the fluctuation of the number of orders brings a series of problems such as recruitment and delivery personnel arrangement. Since the number of orders of the store will fluctuate with the time trend during the business hours, the problem of store delivery personnel scheduling is also brought about. In order to cope with the increasingly complex instant delivery scenarios, the store manager of each store needs to formulate reasonable shifts for different delivery personnel, including first-type delivery personnel and second-type delivery personnel. For stores with only first-type delivery personnel, when the store manager changes, the new store manager's incomplete information about the store will lead to unreasonable scheduling, resulting in increased costs and unstable fulfillment service quality; for stores with both first-type and second-type delivery personnel, the store manager's estimated number of orders per day and per hour for the store directly affects the rationality of the scheduling. When the estimated number of orders exceeds the actual number of orders, the employment cost of the first-type and second-type delivery personnel will increase. When the estimated number of orders is lower than the actual number of orders, the number of scheduled delivery personnel is less than the actual number of personnel required, resulting in order delivery timeouts and reduced fulfillment service quality.

[0038] Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for scheduling delivery personnel, which is used to formulate a reasonable schedule for delivery personnel.

[0039] The method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0040] Figure 1 A flowchart corresponding to a method for scheduling delivery personnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 101, based on the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the historical M days, determine the number of orders in the next day and the number of orders per hour.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, taking into account that there may be multiple delivery orders for the same delivery address at the same time, the delivery personnel actually only delivered the order once. Therefore, it is necessary to merge the number of orders for the same delivery address at the same time into one order. For example, the number of orders on that day is 5, of which 2 orders have the same delivery address. In this case, the two orders are merged into 1 order, and the number of orders after the merger is 4.

[0043] Exemplarily, there are multiple ways to determine the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour, such as implementation method 1 and implementation method 2, which are not limited here.

[0044] Implementation method 1: Based on the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the historical M days, the number of orders in the next day and the number of orders per hour are predicted through the existing prediction model. The existing prediction model, such as the autoregressive integral moving average model or the exponential smoothing method, can be selected according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0045] Implementation method 2: Since the holiday characteristics of each day can be obtained from the store's historical order data, and the holiday characteristics include working days and weekends, the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour with the same holiday characteristics in the historical M days can be obtained based on the holiday characteristics of the future day, and the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour can be determined.

[0046] Step 102, based on the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour, determine the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour can be divided according to different division modes, so as to determine the number of orders and the number of orders per hour allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders and the number of orders per hour allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day. The sum of the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day is the number of orders in the future day, and the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day is greater than the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day. The division mode includes: the first division mode and the second division mode, wherein the first division mode determines the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel according to the preset first target value and the number of full-time available personnel, and the remaining number of orders is the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel. For example, the number of orders for the next day is 2,000, and the preset first target value is 100. If the number of first type of delivery personnel available is 20, the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel is 2,000, and there is no need to arrange second type of delivery personnel; if the number of first type of delivery personnel available is 16, the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel is 1,600, and the remaining 400 are the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel. The second division mode determines the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel and the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel according to the preset proportion of the second type of delivery personnel. For example, the preset proportion of the second type of delivery personnel is 25%. At this time, the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel is 1,500, and the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel is 500.

[0048] Step 103, constructing a first objective function and a second objective function according to the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour.

[0049] Here, the first objective function is used to calculate the labor efficiency score of the first type of delivery personnel. The smaller the labor efficiency score, the better. The first objective function includes the first decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the next day. The calculation formula of the first objective function is shown in formula (1):

[0050]

[0051] Among them, MP d The number of first-type delivery personnel present in each shift for the next day, O d is the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the next day, E d The first target value is the preset value. The number of first-type delivery personnel in each shift in the next day is MP dThe calculation formula is shown in formula (2):

[0052]

[0053] Among them, Sch(s) is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day (ie, the first decision variable).

[0054] The second objective function is used to calculate the performance score of the first type of delivery personnel. The smaller the performance score, the better. The second objective function includes a second decision variable, which is the number of first type of delivery personnel on duty every hour in the next day. The calculation formula of the second objective function is shown in formula (3):

[0055] perGap=|MP h *E h -O h | (3)

[0056] Among them, MP h is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel every hour in the future day, O h is the number of orders per hour assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the next day, E h is the preset second target value, the number of first-type delivery personnel on duty every hour in the next day MP h The calculation formula is shown in formula (4):

[0057]

[0058] Among them, Sch(s)*Cover(s, h) is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel every hour in the future day (ie, the second decision variable).

[0059] Optionally, a third objective function may be constructed, and the third objective function is used to calculate the attendance score of the first delivery personnel. The calculation formula of the third objective function is shown in formula (5):

[0060] SchGap=|MP d -A*B| (5)

[0061] Among them, MP d is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, A is the attendance ratio of the first type of delivery personnel, and B is the number of the first type of delivery personnel available for attendance in the future day.

[0062] Optionally, a fourth objective function may also be constructed, and the fourth objective function is used to calculate the half-day shift usage points of the first type of delivery personnel. The calculation formula of the fourth objective function is shown in formula (6):

[0063]

[0064] Among them, the fourth objective function can only take values ​​of 0 and 1, MP half It is the number of Type 1 delivery personnel present each hour during a half-day shift.

[0065] Optionally, a fifth objective function may be constructed, which is used to calculate the equilibrium score difference between the first type of delivery personnel per hour, so that the number of first type of delivery personnel per hour is balanced. The calculation formula of the fifth objective function is shown in formula (7):

[0066] OverGap=|Over(h1)-Over(h2)| (7)

[0067] Where, Over(h1) is the balance score at hour h1, Over(h2) is the balance score at hour h2, and the calculation formula of Over(h) is shown in formula (8):

[0068]

[0069] in, is the number of first-type delivery personnel present at hour h, E h is the preset second target value, O h The number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel at hour h.

[0070] The first objective function, the second objective function, the third objective function, the fourth objective function and the fifth objective function are normalized by the min-max method.

[0071] Step 104, determining the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day based on the first objective function, the second objective function and the preset constraints.

[0072] Here, according to the first objective function, the second objective function and the preset constraints, the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the next day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the next day are determined. The total objective function is constructed according to the first objective function and the second objective function. The calculation formula of the total objective function is shown in formula (9):

[0073] min Z=W1*effGap+W2*preGap (9)

[0074] Among them, effGap is the first objective function, W1 is the first weight corresponding to the first objective function, preGap is the second objective function, and W2 is the second weight corresponding to the second objective function.

[0075] Before constructing the total objective function, it is necessary to determine the first weight W1 and the second weight W2. By constructing an arithmetic sequence with a tolerance of 1 person, the values ​​of the first objective function and the second objective function for different numbers of people are solved, and the first weight and the second weight are determined according to a preset mode. The preset modes include: first objective function priority mode, second objective function priority mode and balance mode. For example, construct an arithmetic progression of 10 people, 11 people, 12 people, 13 people... The first objective function value corresponding to 10 people is 0.1, and the second objective function value is 0.6; the first objective function value corresponding to 11 people is 0.4, and the second objective function value is 0.5; the first objective function value corresponding to 12 people is 0.3, and the second objective function value is 0.4; the first objective function value corresponding to 13 people is 0.2, and the second objective function value is 0.4... If the preset mode is the first objective function priority mode, the first objective function value corresponding to 10 people is the best, so the corresponding first weight is 6 / 7, and the second weight is 1 / 7; if the preset mode is the second objective function priority mode, it can be seen that the second objective function value corresponding to 13 is the best, so the corresponding first weight is 1 / 3, and the second weight is 2 / 3; if the preset mode is the balanced mode, the first weight and the second weight can be 1 / 2.

[0076] The preset constraints include:

[0077] The number of Type 1 delivery personnel who are on duty throughout the day shall not exceed the maximum number of persons who can be on duty.

[0078] Optionally, the preset constraints also include:

[0079] The number of employees in the earliest shift of the next day is greater than or equal to 1, that is, Sch f (s)≥1;

[0080] The attendance number of the latest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1, that is, Sch l (s)≥1.

[0081] Optionally, the preset constraints also include:

[0082] The production capacity of the earliest period meets the preset interval range a~b, that is, a≤Sch f (s)*Cover(s,h)*E h ≤b, where a and b are determined based on actual conditions. a can be 80%*the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel, and b can be 150%*the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel.

[0083] It can be seen that under the requirement of meeting the preset constraints, the value of the first decision variable solved is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, and the value of the second decision variable is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel every hour in the future day.

[0084] Optionally, based on the attendance number of first type delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of first type delivery personnel every hour in the future day determined by the above method, the attendance number of second type delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of second type delivery personnel every hour in the future day are determined.

[0085] There are multiple ways to determine the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each hour in the future day, such as implementation method one and implementation method two.

[0086] Implementation method 1

[0087] According to the daily shift schedule in the past M days, determine the number of people required per hour in the next day, such as Figure 2 As shown, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present in the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is greater than or equal to the second threshold, then the minimum value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel in that time period. For example, the number of people required per hour in the future day is 30, the first threshold is 0.5, and the second threshold is set to 4. The difference in the number of people at 10 o'clock is 5, the difference in the number of people at 11 o'clock is 10, the difference in the number of people at 12 o'clock is 5, and the difference in the number of people at 13 o'clock is 5. At this time, the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people is greater than or equal to the first threshold is 4, which is equal to the second threshold. The minimum value 5 in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel from 10 o'clock to 13 o'clock.

[0088] If the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present in the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which there is a difference in the number of people is equal to the third threshold, then the average value in the time period in which there is a difference in the number of people is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel in that time period. For example, the third threshold is set to 3, the difference in the number of people at 10 o'clock is 8, the difference in the number of people at 11 o'clock is 10, and the difference in the number of people at 12 o'clock is 6. At this time, the number of time periods in which there is a difference in the number of people greater than or equal to the first threshold is 3, which is equal to the third threshold. The average value 8 in the time period in which there is a difference in the number of people is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel from 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock.

[0089] If the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present in the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which there is a difference in the number of people is equal to the fourth threshold, then the average value in the time period in which there is a difference in the number of people is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel in that time period shifted forward by the first time. For example, the third threshold is set to 2, the difference in the number of people at 10 o'clock is 5, and the difference in the number of people at 11 o'clock is 10. At this time, the number of time periods in which there is a difference in the number of people greater than or equal to the first threshold is 2, which is equal to the fourth threshold. The average value 5 in the time period in which there is a difference in the number of people is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel from 9 to 11 o'clock.

[0090] Implementation method 2

[0091] Figure 3 A flowchart corresponding to a method for scheduling delivery personnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0092] Step 301, based on the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour, determine the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour.

[0093] The number of orders and the number of orders per hour allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day are determined based on the number of orders and the number of orders per hour in the future day and the number of orders and the number of orders per hour allocated to the first type of delivery personnel.

[0094] Step 302, constructing a sixth objective function and a seventh objective function according to the number of orders assigned to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour.

[0095] Here, the sixth objective function is used to calculate the order quantity target of the second type of delivery personnel. The sixth objective function includes a sixth decision variable, which is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift in the next day. The calculation formula of the sixth objective function is shown in formula (10):

[0096]

[0097] in, The number of orders for the second type of delivery personnel at the day level, The number of orders for the second type of delivery personnel at the hourly level, c1 is the weight corresponding to the number of orders for the second type of delivery personnel at the daily level, c2 is the weight corresponding to the number of orders for the second type of delivery personnel at the preset hourly level, the priority of the daily level is greater than the hourly level, for example, c1 can be 1, and c2 can be 0.001.

[0098] The seventh objective function is used to calculate the performance score of the second type of delivery personnel. The smaller the performance score, the better. The seventh objective function includes the seventh decision variable, which is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel every hour in the future day. The calculation formula is the same as the second objective function of the first type of delivery personnel.

[0099] Step 303, based on the sixth objective function, the seventh objective function and the preset constraints, determine the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day.

[0100] Here, according to the sixth objective function, the seventh objective function and the preset constraints, the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the next day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour in the next day are determined. The total objective function is constructed according to the sixth objective function and the seventh objective function, and the calculation formula of the total objective function is shown in formula (11):

[0101] minY=W3*ordGap+W4*preGap (11)

[0102] Among them, ordGap is the sixth objective function, W3 is the third weight corresponding to the sixth objective function, perGap is the seventh objective function, and W4 is the fourth weight corresponding to the seventh objective function.

[0103] Before constructing the total objective function, the third weight W3 and the fourth weight W4 need to be determined, and the third weight and the fourth weight are determined according to a preset mode, and the preset modes include: the sixth objective function priority mode and the balanced mode. For example, if the preset mode is the sixth objective function priority mode, the third weight can be 1 and the fourth weight can be 0.01. If the preset mode is the balanced mode, the third weight can be 1 and the fourth weight can be 1.

[0104] The preset constraints include:

[0105] The shifts of the second type of delivery personnel conform to the preset shift library. For example, the preset shift library of the second delivery personnel is 6:00-10:00, 6:00-11:00, 7:00 to 10:00, etc. At this time, the sixth decision variable is that the shifts of the second type of delivery personnel in the next day need to be within the range of the preset shift library.

[0106] It can be seen that under the requirement of meeting the preset constraints, the value of the sixth decision variable solved is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, and the value of the seventh decision variable is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel every hour in the future day.

[0107] By adopting the above method, in the case where the first type of delivery personnel is sufficient to meet the number of orders for the next day, the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the next day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the next day are determined according to the first objective function, the second objective function and the preset constraints, which can avoid the increase in costs caused by manual scheduling and the instability of the quality of fulfillment services; in the case where the first type of delivery personnel cannot meet the number of orders for the next day, the second type of delivery personnel are scheduled on the basis of the first type of delivery personnel, which can combine the advantages of the two types of delivery personnel, specify reasonable scheduling, and achieve the effect of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0108] Based on the same concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a scheduling device for delivery personnel, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device comprises:

[0109] The determining unit 401 is used to determine the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour according to the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the historical M days; and determine the number of orders and the number of orders per hour allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day according to the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour;

[0110] Processing unit 402 is used to construct a first objective function and a second objective function based on the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel and the number of orders per hour in the future day, wherein the first objective function includes a first decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, and the second objective function includes a second decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day; based on the first objective function, the second objective function and preset constraints, determine the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day.

[0111] Optionally, the first objective function in the processing unit 402 satisfies the following formula: Among them, MP d is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, O d is the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E d is the preset first target value.

[0112] Optionally, the second objective function in the processing unit 402 satisfies the following formula: preGap=|MP h *E h -Oh |, where MP h is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day, O h is the number of orders per hour assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E h is the preset second target value.

[0113] Optionally, the constraints preset in the processing unit 402 include at least one of the following: the number of the first type of delivery personnel who are present throughout the day does not exceed the maximum number of persons who can be present; the number of persons present in the earliest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1; the number of persons present in the latest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1.

[0114] Optionally, the processing unit 402 is further used to determine the number of people required per hour in the future day based on the daily shift schedule in the historical M days; if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is greater than or equal to a second threshold, then the minimum value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is equal to a third threshold, then the average value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, if the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people present of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in the number of people exists is equal to a fourth threshold, then the average value in the time period in which the difference in the number of people exists is used as the number of people present of the second delivery personnel shifted forward by the first time in the time period.

[0115] Optionally, the determination unit 401 is further used to determine the number of orders and the number of orders per hour assigned to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day according to the number of orders and the number of orders per hour in the future day. The processing unit 402 is also used to construct a sixth objective function and a seventh objective function according to the number of orders and the number of orders per hour assigned to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day, wherein the sixth objective function includes a sixth decision variable, which is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, and the seventh objective function includes a seventh decision variable, which is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day; and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each hour of the future day are determined according to the sixth objective function, the seventh objective function and the preset constraints.

[0116] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure of a device 5000 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the device 5000 includes at least one processor 501 and a memory 502 connected to the at least one processor 501. The specific connection medium between the processor 501 and the memory 502 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 For example, the processor 501 and the memory 502 are connected via a bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. In an embodiment of the present invention, the memory 502 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 501, and the at least one processor 501 can implement the steps of the above-mentioned delivery personnel scheduling method by executing the instructions stored in the memory 502.

[0117] The processor 501 is the control center of the computer device, and can use various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the computer device, and perform resource settings by running or executing instructions stored in the memory 502 and calling data stored in the memory 502. Optionally, the processor 501 may include one or more processing units, and the processor 501 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communications. It is understandable that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 501. In some embodiments, the processor 501 and the memory 502 may be implemented on the same chip, and in some embodiments, they may also be implemented separately on independent chips.

[0118] Processor 501 can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and can implement or execute the various methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware processor for execution, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0119] The memory 502 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules. The memory 502 may include at least one type of storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory, a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, and the like. The memory 502 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store a desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 502 in the embodiment of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device that can realize a storage function, for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0120] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned method for scheduling delivery personnel.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0122] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0123] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0124] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0125] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for scheduling delivery personnel, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine the number of orders in the next day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the past M days, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Determine the number of orders and the number of orders per hour to be allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day according to the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; According to the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour, a first objective function and a second objective function are constructed, wherein the first objective function includes a first decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, and the second objective function includes a second decision variable, which is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day; The attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day are determined according to the first objective function, the second objective function and preset constraints.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first objective function satisfies the following formula: Among them, MP d is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, O d is the number of orders assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E d is the preset first target value.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The second objective function satisfies the following formula: preGap=|MP h *E h -O h |, Among them, MP h is the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day, O h is the number of orders per hour assigned to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day, E h is the preset second target value.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset constraint condition includes at least one of the following: The number of the first type of delivery personnel on duty throughout the day does not exceed the maximum number of persons allowed to be on duty; The number of employees present in the earliest shift among all shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1; The number of employees present in the latest shift among the shifts in the future day is greater than or equal to 1.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the daily shift schedules in the past M days, determine the number of people required per hour in the next day; If the difference between the required number of people per hour in the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in number of people exists is greater than or equal to a second threshold, then the minimum value in the time periods in which the difference in number of people exists is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, If the difference between the number of required persons per hour in the future day and the number of attendance persons of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the number difference exists is equal to the third threshold, then the average value in the time periods in which the number difference exists is used as the attendance number of the second delivery personnel in the time period; or, If the difference between the number of people required per hour in the future day and the number of people on duty of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the number of time periods in which the difference in number exists is equal to a fourth threshold, then the average value in the time periods in which the difference in number exists will be taken as the number of people on duty of the second delivery personnel in the time period shifted forward by the first time.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the number of orders and the number of orders per hour to be allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day according to the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; According to the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders per hour, a sixth objective function and a seventh objective function are constructed, wherein the sixth objective function includes a sixth decision variable, which is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift in the future day, and the seventh objective function includes a seventh decision variable, which is the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day; According to the sixth objective function, the seventh objective function and the preset constraints, the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the second type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day are determined.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The sum of the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day and the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day is the number of orders in the future day, wherein the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day is greater than the number of orders allocated to the second type of delivery personnel in the future day.

8. A dispatching personnel scheduling device, characterized in that: include: A determination unit, used to determine the number of orders in a future day and the number of orders per hour based on the number of orders per day and the number of orders per hour in the historical M days; Determine the number of orders and the number of orders per hour to be allocated to the first type of delivery personnel in the future day according to the number of orders in the future day and the number of orders per hour; A processing unit, used to construct a first objective function and a second objective function according to the number of orders allocated to the first type of delivery personnel and the number of orders per hour in the future day, the first objective function including a first decision variable, the first decision variable being the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day, and the second objective function including a second decision variable, the second decision variable being the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day; according to the first objective function, the second objective function and preset constraints, determine the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel in each shift of the future day and the attendance number of the first type of delivery personnel per hour in the future day.

9. A computing device, characterized in that include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method steps described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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