Compound chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method and device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring target area geological environment data; calculating the height of a weather radar equipment site; calculating the site position of a ground rainfall station; dividing the monitoring river basin into functional areas to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring functional area, wherein the mountain disaster monitoring functional area comprises a starting area, a transformation and flow area and a deposition area; according to the disaster characteristics of the starting area, the position of the starting area monitoring equipment in the starting area is calculated; according to the disaster characteristics of the transformation and flow area, the position of the transformation and flow area monitoring equipment in the transformation and flow area is calculated; according to the disaster characteristics of the deposition area, the position of the deposition area monitoring equipment in the deposition area is calculated; and the target mountain is subjected to network layout to obtain a monitoring network layout result. The application realizes the monitoring network layout, improves the monitoring accuracy and the overall layout. The application can be applied to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, and in particular to a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method and device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the driving of extreme weather, geological disasters show new characteristics of basin composite chain disasters. The composite cluster disaster chain not only has spatial aggregation of single landslides, but also has obvious associated effects and cumulative effects. The complexity, concealment, occurrence, dynamic change and spatio-temporal uncertainty of composite chain mountain disasters are more prominent, and it is necessary to identify disaster chain occurrence risks and precisely monitor potential hazards. Traditional monitoring methods include rainfall, crack, displacement, moisture content, water level and other monitoring means, but all belong to single monitoring means, single landslide or debris flow monitoring, which causes the disaster chain monitoring measures to be unmatched with the formation process of the disaster chain, blind areas exist in hazard monitoring, the monitoring accuracy is low, and the layout comprehensiveness is low.

[0003] Therefore, the technical problems in the related art need to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] The composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method, device and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application effectively improve the monitoring accuracy and layout comprehensiveness.

[0005] In one aspect, the present application provides a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtaining target area geological environment data, the target area geological environment data including topographic and geomorphic data, geological data, meteorological data, hydrological data or vegetation data;

[0007] According to the target area geological environment data, calculating the height of the meteorological radar equipment site selection;

[0008] According to the height of the meteorological radar equipment site selection, calculating the site selection position of the ground rainfall station;

[0009] According to the target area geological environment data, dividing the monitoring basin into functional zones to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring functional zone, the mountain disaster monitoring functional zone including a start-up zone, a transformation flow-through zone and a deposition zone;

[0010] According to the disaster starting characteristics of the start-up zone, calculating the start-up zone device position of the start-up zone monitoring device in the start-up zone, the start-up zone monitoring device including a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability meter, a soil erosion meter or a displacement sensor;

[0011] According to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow area, a transformation flow area equipment position of a transformation flow area monitoring device is calculated in the transformation flow area, the transformation flow area monitoring device including a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow meter or a mud level gauge;

[0012] According to the disaster characteristics of the deposition area, a deposition area equipment position of a deposition area monitoring device is calculated in the deposition area, the deposition area monitoring device including a flow measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument;

[0013] According to the meteorological radar equipment site height, the ground rain station site position, the start-up area equipment position, the transformation flow area equipment position and the deposition area equipment position, a target mountainous area is monitored to obtain a monitoring network layout result, which is used for monitoring a complex chain mountainous disaster.

[0014] In some embodiments, the meteorological radar equipment site height is calculated according to the target area geological environment data, including:

[0015] According to the target area geological environment data, a single-station radar shadow angle diagram and a single-station radar isoray height diagram at multiple altitudes are generated;

[0016] According to the single-station radar shadow angle diagram and the single-station radar isoray height diagram, radar scanning plane data is calculated, including a projection area, a coverage or a height volume index;

[0017] According to the projection area and the altitude, a first relationship curve is calculated;

[0018] According to the coverage and the altitude, a second relationship curve is calculated;

[0019] According to the height volume index and the altitude, a third relationship curve is calculated;

[0020] According to the first relationship curve, the second relationship curve and the third relationship curve, the meteorological radar equipment site height is calculated, which takes into account the plane coverage and the vertical coverage.

[0021] In some embodiments, the ground rain station site position is calculated according to the meteorological radar equipment site height, including:

[0022] According to the meteorological radar equipment site height, a radar signal shielding area is calculated;

[0023] According to a preset number of rain stations, the ground rain station site position is calculated in the radar signal shielding area.

[0024] In some embodiments, the function zoning of the monitoring basin according to the target area geological environment data comprises:

[0025] obtaining the basin background data in the disaster risk small basin unit;

[0026] establishing a digital elevation model of the basin according to the target area geological environment data and the basin background data;

[0027] calculating the flow accumulation according to the digital elevation model of the basin by using a preset spatial analysis method;

[0028] extracting the river network structure data of the disaster risk small basin unit from the digital elevation model of the basin according to the flow accumulation;

[0029] constructing a river longitudinal section according to the river network structure data, river fall and distance from the measuring point to the river mouth;

[0030] calculating the river longitudinal section gradient according to the river longitudinal section;

[0031] calculating a first crack point and a second crack point on the river longitudinal section according to the river longitudinal section gradient, the first crack point being used to represent the turning point of the ridge line steep slope section and the river gentle slope section, and the second crack point being used to represent the turning point of the river gentle slope section and the water outlet gentle slope section;

[0032] taking the first river area between the ridge line and the first crack point as the starting area, the starting area being used to monitor the slope ecological hydrogeological coupling process and the disaster formation and evolution trend;

[0033] taking the second river area between the first crack point and the second crack point as the transformation flow area, the transformation flow area being used to monitor the disaster chain solid flow transformation process and the change of water and soil flux along the way;

[0034] taking the third river area between the second crack point and the water outlet as the deposition area, the deposition area being used to monitor the deposition dynamic characteristics.

[0035] In some embodiments, the calculation of the starting area device position of the starting area monitoring device in the starting area according to the starting area disaster characteristics comprises:

[0036] constructing a starting area monitoring index according to the starting area disaster characteristics, the starting area monitoring index comprising slope runoff, soil moisture content, soil saturation degree, infiltration rate, erosion amount or surface displacement;

[0037] dividing the starting area into a plurality of initial slope units by using a geographic information system according to the digital elevation model of the basin;

[0038] calculating a dangerous index of the initial slope unit according to the landslide danger evaluation index;

[0039] selecting a high-danger slope unit from the plurality of initial slope units according to the dangerous index;

[0040] constructing a slope hydrological disaster observation area according to the high-danger slope unit and the ridge, the slope hydrological disaster observation area being used for observing rainfall infiltration and underground instability process;

[0041] calculating a start-up area device position in the slope hydrological disaster observation area according to the start-up area monitoring index.

[0042] In some embodiments, the calculating a transformation flow area device position of a transformation flow area monitoring device in the transformation flow area according to transformation flow area disaster characteristics comprises:

[0043] constructing a transformation flow area monitoring index according to the transformation flow area disaster characteristics, the transformation flow area monitoring index comprising pressure change, ground surface deformation, particle motion form or rock-soil mass movement process;

[0044] calculating a first device position of the pressure sensor in the transformation flow area according to rainfall position, the pressure sensor being used for monitoring the pressure change;

[0045] calculating a second device position of a combination of the flow velocity meter and the mud level gauge in the transformation flow area according to water-soil mixed medium position, the combination of the flow velocity meter and the mud level gauge being used for monitoring the rock-soil mass movement process;

[0046] calculating a third device position of the first video acquisition instrument in the transformation flow area according to ground surface position, the first video acquisition instrument being used for monitoring the ground surface deformation;

[0047] calculating a fourth device position of the particle dynamic scanner in the transformation flow area according to rock-soil mass position, the particle dynamic scanner being used for monitoring the particle motion form;

[0048] combining the first device position, the second device position, the third device position and the fourth device position to obtain the transformation flow area device position.

[0049] In some embodiments, the calculating a deposition area device position of a deposition area monitoring device in the deposition area according to deposition area disaster characteristics comprises:

[0050] constructing a deposition area monitoring index according to the deposition area disaster characteristics, the deposition area monitoring index comprising flood peak flow, flow velocity, flow depth, erosion and deposition depth, deposition range or sediment sorting characteristics;

[0051] calculating, according to the disaster body deposition position, a fifth device position of the measuring weir in the deposition area, the measuring weir being used for monitoring the flood peak flow, the flow velocity, the flow depth, the erosion deposition depth, the deposition range, or the sediment sorting characteristics;

[0052] calculating, according to the disaster body deposition position, a sixth device position of the second video acquisition instrument in the deposition area, the second video acquisition instrument being used for monitoring a disaster chain accumulation damage process;

[0053] combining the fifth device position and the sixth device position to obtain the deposition area device position.

[0054] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout device, comprising:

[0055] a first module configured to acquire target area geological environment data, the target area geological environment data including topographic and geomorphic data, geological data, meteorological data, hydrological data, or vegetation data;

[0056] a second module configured to calculate a meteorological radar device site selection height according to the target area geological environment data;

[0057] a third module configured to calculate a ground rainfall station site selection position according to the meteorological radar device site selection height;

[0058] a fourth module configured to divide a monitoring river basin into functional zones according to the target area geological environment data to obtain mountain disaster monitoring functional zones, the mountain disaster monitoring functional zones including a start-up zone, a transformation flow transmission zone, and a deposition zone;

[0059] a fifth module configured to calculate a start-up zone device position of a start-up zone monitoring device in the start-up zone according to start-up zone disaster characteristics, the start-up zone monitoring device including a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability measuring instrument, a soil erosion meter, or a displacement sensor;

[0060] a sixth module configured to calculate a transformation flow transmission zone device position of a transformation flow transmission zone monitoring device in the transformation flow transmission zone according to transformation flow transmission zone disaster characteristics, the transformation flow transmission zone monitoring device including a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow velocity meter, or a mud level meter;

[0061] a seventh module configured to calculate a deposition zone device position of a deposition zone monitoring device in the deposition zone according to deposition zone disaster characteristics, the deposition zone monitoring device including a measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument;

[0062] An eighth module is configured to perform network layout for a target mountainous area according to the weather radar device site height, the ground rainfall station site location, the start-up area device location, the transformation flow area device location, and the deposition area device location, to obtain a network layout result, which is used for monitoring the complex chain mountainous area disaster.

[0063] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, comprising:

[0064] at least one processor;

[0065] at least one memory configured to store at least one program;

[0066] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method.

[0067] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method.

[0068] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] The embodiment of the present application first acquires target area geological environment data, calculates a weather radar device site height, and calculates a ground rainfall station site location according to the weather radar device site height, then divides a monitoring river basin according to the target area geological environment data to obtain a mountainous area disaster monitoring functional area, calculates a start-up area device location of a start-up area monitoring device in the start-up area according to a start-up area monitoring index, calculates a transformation flow area device location of a transformation flow area monitoring device in the transformation flow area according to a transformation flow area monitoring index, and calculates a deposition area device location of a deposition area monitoring device in the deposition area according to a deposition area monitoring index, and finally performs network layout for a target mountainous area according to the weather radar device site height, the ground rainfall station site location, the start-up area device location, the transformation flow area device location, and the deposition area device location, to obtain a network layout result, so that the network layout can be performed through various device locations, and the monitoring accuracy and layout comprehensiveness are improved.

[0070] Other features and advantages of the present application will be further described in the following description, and will become apparent from the description, or will be learned through practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application will be realized and achieved by particularly pointed out in the description and appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0071] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative effort.

[0072] Figure 1 A flow chart of a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a mountain disaster monitoring function area division result according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a monitoring network layout result according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a whole process of the monitoring network layout according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 6 A hardware structural schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the implementation manners consistent with the embodiments of the present application, but are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0079] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", and the like used in the present application can be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless specifically stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another concept. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining".

[0080] As used herein, the terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any of" and the like, at least one includes one, two or more, multiple includes two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding plurality, and any refers to any one of the plurality.

[0081] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only, and is not intended to limit this application.

[0082] Before the embodiments of the present application are described in detail, first, some nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are explained, and the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the following explanations.

[0083] Compound chain mountain disaster: refers to the compound disaster caused by the interaction and mutual influence of different types of natural disasters. These natural disasters can be meteorological disasters, geological disasters, biological disasters, etc. They interact and influence each other, aggravate or even trigger other disasters, thus forming a compound disaster.

[0084] In the related art, under the driving of extreme weather, geological disasters show new characteristics of basin compound chain disaster, and the characteristics of geological disaster chain mainly include suddenness, sporadicness, destructiveness, chain generation and complexity. The compound cluster disaster chain not only has spatial aggregation of single landslide, but also has obvious associated action and cumulative effect. The complexity, concealment, suddenness, dynamic change and spatio-temporal uncertainty of the compound chain mountain disaster are more prominent, and how to identify the risk of disaster chain occurrence and precisely monitor potential hidden dangers becomes a more severe challenge for disaster prevention and mitigation. The existing geological disaster monitoring means include rainfall, crack, displacement, moisture content, water level, etc. Remote automatic monitoring is basically realized, and effective transmission of on-site monitoring data can be realized through Beidou satellite. The occurrence of rainfall-driven compound chain mountain disaster is a complex dynamic process caused by landslide and unstable starting area, but the current monitoring means mostly belong to single means monitoring, single landslide or debris flow, and there is no systematic monitoring method for the linkage monitoring between different disaster species in rainfall-driven compound chain.

[0085] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a monitoring network layout method for a composite chain mountain disaster by analyzing the disaster-causing, disaster-causing and transformation and conversion process of the composite chain, so as to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the monitoring equipment configuration and perfect the system of the monitoring layout system.

[0086] The composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method provided by the embodiments of the present application relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring. The composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a terminal, can be applied to a server, and can also be software running in the terminal or the server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, a vehicle-mounted terminal, and the like, but is not limited thereto; the server end can be configured as a stand-alone physical server, can be configured as a server cluster or a distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, can be configured as a cloud server providing cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDNs, and basic cloud computing services such as big data and artificial intelligence platforms, and the server can also be a node server in a blockchain network; the software can be an application that implements the composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method, and the like, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0087] The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld devices or portable devices, tablet devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, and the like. The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, and the like that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected by a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0088] The embodiments of the present application will be specifically explained below in conjunction with the drawings:

[0089] Figure 1 is an optional flowchart of the composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout method provided by the embodiments of the present application,Figure 1 The method in the method can include but is not limited to steps S101 to S108.

[0090] Step S101, obtaining target area geological environment data, the target area geological environment data including topographic data, geological data, meteorological data, hydrological data or vegetation data;

[0091] Step S102, calculating the weather radar equipment site height according to the target area geological environment data;

[0092] Step S103, calculating the ground rain station site position according to the weather radar equipment site height;

[0093] Step S104, dividing the monitoring watershed into functional zones according to the target area geological environment data to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring functional zone, the mountain disaster monitoring functional zone including a starting zone, a transformation flow zone and a deposition zone;

[0094] Step S105, calculating the starting zone device position of the starting zone monitoring device in the starting zone according to the disaster characteristics of the starting zone, the starting zone monitoring device including a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability measuring instrument, a soil erosion meter or a displacement sensor;

[0095] Step S106, calculating the transformation flow zone device position of the transformation flow zone monitoring device in the transformation flow zone according to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow zone, the transformation flow zone monitoring device including a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow velocity meter or a mud level meter;

[0096] Step S107, calculating the deposition zone device position of the deposition zone monitoring device in the deposition zone according to the disaster characteristics of the deposition zone, the deposition zone monitoring device including a flow measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument;

[0097] Step S108, monitoring network layout for the target mountain according to the weather radar equipment site height, the ground rain station site position, the starting zone device position, the transformation flow zone device position and the deposition zone device position to obtain a monitoring network layout result, the monitoring network layout result being used for monitoring the composite chain mountain disaster.

[0098] The steps S101 to S108 shown in the embodiments of the present application realize the monitoring network layout, and improve the monitoring accuracy and the layout comprehensiveness.

[0099] In step S101 of some embodiments, the target area geological environment data can be obtained through mountain investigation record information. The target area geological environment data can also be obtained through other ways, which are not limited thereto. The target area geological environment data can include topographic data, geological data, meteorological data, hydrological data or vegetation data.

[0100] In some embodiments, in step S102, calculating the weather radar equipment site height according to the target area geological environment data can include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0101] generating a single-station radar shadow angle diagram and a single-station radar isoray height diagram at multiple altitudes according to the target area geological environment data;

[0102] calculating radar scanning plane data according to the single-station radar shadow angle diagram and the single-station radar isoray height diagram, the radar scanning plane data including a projected area, a coverage, or a height volume index;

[0103] calculating a first relationship curve according to the projected area and the altitude;

[0104] calculating a second relationship curve according to the coverage and the altitude;

[0105] calculating a third relationship curve according to the height volume index and the altitude;

[0106] calculating the weather radar equipment site height according to the first relationship curve, the second relationship curve, and the third relationship curve, the weather radar equipment site height taking into account both the planar coverage and the vertical coverage.

[0107] In some embodiments, the rainfall feature is a triggering factor of a disaster, and the rainfall process and feature can be observed by a rainfall radar. In complex terrain conditions, the weak echo and observation blind area caused by the terrain shielding of the radar antenna beam are important factors affecting the quality of radar reflectivity factor data and the main error source of radar rainfall estimation. The mountain will partially or completely shield the radar beam, causing a loss of echo power received by the radar, and thus causing a deviation between the rainfall estimated by the radar and the true rainfall. The radar is installed at a high position, has a large scanning range, but it is difficult to detect the weather process at the bottom of the troposphere, especially the formation process of orographic rain, and many disastrous weather processes are generated and developed at this height range. Therefore, considering the scanning range and the integrity of the weather process is the key to the site selection of the meteorological radar. In some embodiments, a single-station radar shielding angle graph and a single-station radar isobeam height graph at a plurality of altitudes h can be generated based on high-resolution terrain data according to the geological environment data of the target region, and then radar scanning plane data can be calculated according to the single-station radar shielding angle graph and the single-station radar isobeam height graph. The radar scanning plane data can include a projected area s, a coverage c, or a height-volume index v. Then, a first relationship curve can be calculated according to the projected area and the altitude to determine the quantitative relationship (h-s) between the projected area and the altitude; a second relationship curve can be calculated according to the coverage and the altitude to determine the quantitative relationship (h-c) between the coverage and the altitude; and a third relationship curve can be calculated according to the height-volume index and the altitude to determine the quantitative relationship (h-v) between the height-volume index and the altitude. Finally, the site selection height of the meteorological radar equipment can be calculated according to the first relationship curve, the second relationship curve, and the third relationship curve. It can be understood that the site selection height of the meteorological radar equipment takes into account the planar coverage and the vertical coverage.

[0108] In some embodiments, according to the site selection height of the meteorological radar equipment, the site selection position of the ground rainfall station can be calculated, which can include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0109] According to the site selection height of the meteorological radar equipment, the radar signal shielding area is calculated.

[0110] According to the preset number of rainfall stations, the site selection position of the ground rainfall station in the radar signal shielding area is calculated.

[0111] In some embodiments, the radar signal shielding area can be calculated according to the site selection height of the meteorological radar equipment, and then the site selection position of the ground rainfall station in the radar signal shielding area can be calculated according to the preset number of rainfall stations, so as to facilitate the subsequent arrangement of the ground rainfall station in the radar signal shielding area. More specifically, the continuous three-dimensional full-coverage observation of the disaster weather process (rainfall, rainfall intensity, wind force) can be realized by the combination of the ground rainfall station and the meteorological radar equipment.

[0112] In some embodiments, in step S104, according to the target area geological environment data, the monitoring watershed is functionally divided to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring function area, which can include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0113] Obtaining the watershed background data in the disaster risk small watershed unit;

[0114] According to the target area geological environment data and the watershed background data, a digital elevation model of the watershed is established;

[0115] According to the digital elevation model of the watershed, the pre-set spatial analysis method is used to calculate the runoff accumulation;

[0116] According to the runoff accumulation, the river network structure data of the disaster risk small watershed unit is extracted from the digital elevation model of the watershed;

[0117] According to the river network structure data, the river drop and the distance from the measuring point to the river mouth, the river longitudinal section is constructed;

[0118] According to the river longitudinal section, the river longitudinal section slope is calculated;

[0119] According to the river longitudinal section slope, the first crack point and the second crack point are calculated on the river longitudinal section, the first crack point is used to represent the turning point of the ridge line steep slope section and the river gentle slope section, and the second crack point is used to represent the turning point of the river gentle slope section and the water outlet gentle slope section;

[0120] The first river area between the ridge line and the first crack point is taken as the starting area, and the starting area is used to monitor the slope ecological hydrogeological coupling process and the disaster formation and evolution trend;

[0121] The second river area between the first crack point and the second crack point is taken as the transformation flow area, and the transformation flow area is used to monitor the disaster chain solid flow transformation process and the change of water and soil flux along the way;

[0122] The third river area between the second crack point and the water outlet is taken as the deposition area, and the deposition area is used to monitor the deposition dynamic characteristics.

[0123] In some embodiments, the occurrence of rainfall-driven compound chain mountain hazards is a disaster chain with complex dynamic processes caused by landslides and unstable starting areas. The effectiveness of monitoring can be affected by the mismatch between monitoring equipment and disaster processes. The disaster-causing, disaster-causing, and transformation and conversion processes of the compound chain disaster can be analyzed to monitor the rainfall process under complex topographic conditions, the starting characteristics of the water-soil-vegetation mixed medium solid-flow movement under rainfall driving, and the deposition and destruction characteristics of the accumulation body. In some embodiments, the monitoring basin can be divided into functional zones according to the target regional geological environmental data to obtain a mountain hazard monitoring functional zone. The mountain hazard monitoring functional zone includes a starting area, a transformation flow area, and a deposition area. For a small watershed of interest with a compound chain disaster risk, a complete closed disaster risk small watershed unit can be used as a basic observation unit to obtain topography, geology, meteorology, hydrology, vegetation, and other watershed background data within the disaster risk small watershed unit. Then, according to the target regional geological environmental data and the watershed background data, a digital elevation model of the compound chain disaster risk small watershed is established. The watershed background data can be obtained by surveying or using public topographic data, such as using the digital elevation model data of the global 12.5m resolution earth observation satellite. Then, according to the digital elevation model of the watershed, the pre-set spatial analysis method is used to calculate the flow accumulation, wherein the pre-set spatial analysis method can include the spatial analysis function of Geographic Information System (GIS). Then, according to the flow accumulation, the river network structure data of the disaster risk small watershed unit is extracted from the digital elevation model of the watershed, and the hydrological and geomorphological parameters of the river network structure are used to reflect the upstream and downstream flow concentration relationship and dynamic condition changes. According to the river network structure data, the river drop, and the distance from the measurement point to the river mouth, a river longitudinal section is constructed. The river longitudinal section can be obtained by taking the river drop as the vertical axis, the distance from the measurement point to the river mouth as the horizontal axis, and the measured height value to determine the coordinates of each point. Then, according to the river longitudinal section, the river longitudinal section slope, i.e., the drop per unit river length, is calculated. Then, the river section is segmented according to the river longitudinal section slope, and the first and second cracking points are calculated on the river longitudinal section according to the river longitudinal section slope. The first cracking point is used to represent the turning point of the mountain ridge line steep slope section and the river gentle slope section, and the second cracking point is used to represent the turning point of the river gentle slope section and the water outlet gentle slope section. It can be understood that there are some places where the river longitudinal section slope changes suddenly on the river longitudinal section, which are cracking points, that is, the turning points of the gentle slope section and the steep slope section on the river longitudinal section are cracking points. Finally, the first river area between the mountain ridge line and the first cracking point is taken as the starting area, wherein the starting area is used to monitor the slope ecological hydrogeological coupling process and the disaster formation and evolution trend. For example, the first river area between the mountain ridge line and the first cracking point where the river longitudinal section slope is larger and the slope is larger to the gentle slope section with reduced slope can be determined as the starting area.The second river region between the first and second rift points is designated as the transformation and flow zone, where it is used to monitor the solid-fluid transformation process of the disaster chain and changes in cumulative water and soil flux along the course. For example, the second river region between the first rift point and the area with a gentler slope to the second-level rift point can be identified as the flow transformation zone. The third river region between the second rift point and the outlet is designated as the sedimentation zone, where it is used to monitor sedimentary dynamic characteristics. For example, the third river region between the second rift point and the outlet, where the slope of the river channel longitudinal section is gentler, can be identified as the sedimentation zone. The results of the functional zoning for mountain disaster monitoring based on the hydrogeomorphic characteristics of the river network longitudinal section are as follows. Figure 2 As shown. Further verification can be conducted in the field based on indoor classification to further determine the initiation zone, transformation flow zone, and deposition zone. It is understandable that a small watershed with disaster risk is an open system involving the combined effects of mechanics, physics, chemistry, biology, and social production, interconnected through the hydrological cycle. The complex chain disaster process driven by heavy precipitation can be understood as precipitation acting on the surface of the small watershed (including topography, soil, geology, vegetation, etc.), driving the transport and destruction of surface rock and soil through the flow of surface-to-groundwater networks. Therefore, changes in the physical structure and topological parameters of the watershed's water network can reflect the characteristics of the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the watershed and the characteristics of disaster initiation and migration. The relationships between the upper, middle, and lower reaches within the small watershed also reflect the characteristics of the disaster initiation zone, flow zone, and deposition zone. The disaster initiation zone is located in the upper reaches of the watershed, with steep terrain, severe erosion, large topographic relief, a large longitudinal gradient of the river, a large longitudinal steepness coefficient, and hydrodynamic forces exceeding resistance. The transformation and flow zone is located in a transitional area where the terrain changes dramatically from steep to gentle, with significant variations in topography and river gradient, resulting in hydrodynamic forces equaling resistance. The depositional zone, on the other hand, has gentle terrain, wide rivers, stable channels, and hydrodynamic forces less than resistance.

[0124] In some embodiments, step S105, calculating the location of the monitoring equipment in the start-up zone based on the disaster characteristics of the start-up zone, may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0125] Based on the disaster characteristics of the starting area, monitoring indicators for the starting area are constructed, including slope runoff, soil moisture content, soil saturation, infiltration rate, erosion amount or surface displacement.

[0126] Based on the watershed digital elevation model, the starting area was divided into slopes using a geographic information system to obtain multiple initial slope units.

[0127] Calculate the hazard index of the initial slope unit based on the landslide hazard assessment index;

[0128] Based on the risk index, high-risk slope units are selected from multiple initial slope units;

[0129] According to the high-risk slope unit and the edge dike, a slope hydrological disaster observation area is constructed on the surface of the high-risk slope unit, and the slope hydrological disaster observation area is used for observing rainfall infiltration and underground instability process.

[0130] According to the starting area monitoring index, the position of the starting area equipment in the slope hydrological disaster observation area is calculated.

[0131] In some embodiments, the disaster starting area is located in an area with steep terrain and intense cutting erosion, and the instability process of the slope surface is mainly monitored. A high-risk slope unit in the basin can be selected as a single table to monitor the stability of the slope surface, and a slope hydrological disaster observation area is established in the slope unit. Through the slope hydrological disaster observation area, the process of erosion of the slope surface and the change of the underground water stability of the slope body after the rainfall is converted into surface runoff and underground water is monitored, and the rainfall-runoff, soil moisture content, infiltration capacity, erosion capacity, soil saturation degree, and surface displacement characteristics are monitored to improve the integrity of the surface and underground action in the disaster process. In some embodiments, the starting area monitoring index can be constructed according to the disaster characteristics of the starting area, which can include slope runoff, soil moisture content, soil saturation degree, infiltration rate, erosion amount, or surface displacement and other surface ecological-hydrological-mechanical processes. Then, according to the digital elevation model of the basin, the slope of the starting area is divided by using the geographic information system to obtain a plurality of initial slope units. Then, according to the landslide risk evaluation index, the risk index of the initial slope unit is calculated, and then according to the risk index, a high-risk slope unit is selected from the plurality of initial slope units, that is, the initial slope unit with higher risk in the monitoring range is selected as the representative high-risk slope unit. In order to reflect the surface-underground hydrological-mechanical coupling disaster process driven by heavy rain, according to the high-risk slope unit and the edge dike, a slope hydrological disaster observation area is constructed on the surface of the high-risk slope unit, and the slope hydrological disaster observation area is used for observing rainfall infiltration and underground instability process, which can detect the flow process of surface water. It can be understood that the slope hydrological disaster observation area maintains the original soil topography as much as possible, and is a kind of test facility for quantitative research on the law of soil and water migration and destruction of slope land. The slope hydrological disaster observation area is generally surrounded by edge dike, and the side of the edge dike is transparent, which can observe the rainfall infiltration and underground instability process. Finally, according to the starting area monitoring index, the position of the starting area equipment in the slope hydrological disaster observation area is calculated. The starting area monitoring equipment can include a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability measuring instrument, a soil erosion amount meter, or a displacement sensor. The installation of the starting area monitoring equipment in the slope hydrological disaster observation area can observe the deformation and destruction characteristics, destruction mode and evolution trend of the slope surface.

[0132] In some embodiments, in step S106, according to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow area, the transformation flow area equipment position of the transformation flow area monitoring equipment in the transformation flow area is calculated, which can include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0133] According to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow area, a monitoring index of the transformation flow area is constructed, and the monitoring index of the transformation flow area includes pressure change, surface deformation, particle motion form or rock-soil body movement process;

[0134] According to the rainfall position, a first equipment position of a pressure sensor for monitoring pressure change is calculated in the transformation flow area;

[0135] According to the water-soil mixed medium position, a second equipment position of a combination of a flow velocity meter and a mud level gauge for monitoring the rock-soil body movement process is calculated in the transformation flow area;

[0136] According to the surface position, a third equipment position of a first video acquisition instrument for monitoring the surface deformation is calculated in the transformation flow area;

[0137] According to the rock-soil body position, a fourth equipment position of a particle dynamic scanning instrument for monitoring the particle motion form is calculated in the transformation flow area;

[0138] The first equipment position, the second equipment position, the third equipment position and the fourth equipment position are combined to obtain the equipment position of the transformation flow area.

[0139] In some embodiments, the traditional monitoring method is not detailed enough for the disaster transformation process, and the transformation flow-through zone focuses on monitoring the transformation process of the rock-soil body from a solid-like state to a liquid-like state in the flow process. To improve the shortcomings of the traditional monitoring method in describing the disaster transformation process, the present embodiment can monitor the solid-liquid transformation process of the disaster chain and the change of the cumulative water-soil flux along the way. A transformation flow-through zone monitoring device can be installed in the potential transformation flow-through zone, wherein the transformation flow-through zone monitoring device can include a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow velocity meter or a mud level gauge. First, according to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow-through zone, a transformation flow-through zone monitoring index can be constructed, wherein the transformation flow-through zone monitoring index can include pressure change, surface deformation, particle motion form or rock-soil body motion process. Then, according to the rainfall position, the first device position of the pressure sensor in the transformation flow-through zone is calculated, wherein the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure change to obtain the change process of the pressure in the transformation flow-through zone with time and rainfall. According to the position of the water-soil mixed medium, the second device position of the combination of the flow velocity meter and the mud level gauge in the transformation flow-through zone can be calculated, wherein the combination of the flow velocity meter and the mud level gauge is used to monitor the rock-soil body motion process to monitor and record the migration speed and flow of the water-soil mixed medium. According to the surface position, the third device position of the first video acquisition instrument in the transformation flow-through zone can be calculated, wherein the first video acquisition instrument is used to monitor the surface deformation to record the surface shape change data in the impact process. According to the position of the rock-soil body, the fourth device position of the particle dynamic scanner in the transformation flow-through zone can be calculated, wherein the particle dynamic scanner is used to monitor the particle motion form to scan the motion form, motion path and distribution data of the marked characteristic particles at each feature point in the rock-soil body. Finally, the first device position, the second device position, the third device position and the fourth device position are combined to obtain the transformation flow-through zone device position. It can be understood that the video pictures collected by the first video acquisition instrument can determine the rock-soil body motion process, draw the motion speed-time change curve, and monitor the solid-liquid transformation critical speed of the rock-soil body. For the cumulative amplification effect along the way in the disaster body motion process in the transformation flow-through zone, the transformation flow-through zone monitoring device can systematically observe the small watershed runoff process and the disaster motion accumulation and destruction process and the change trend.

[0140] In some embodiments, in step S107, according to the disaster characteristics of the deposition zone, the deposition zone device position of the deposition zone monitoring device in the deposition zone can be calculated, which can include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0141] According to the disaster characteristics of the deposition zone, the deposition zone monitoring index is constructed, and the deposition zone monitoring index includes flood peak flow, flow velocity, flow depth, erosion and deposition depth, deposition range or sediment sorting characteristics;

[0142] According to the deposition position of the disaster body, a fifth device position of the measuring weir in the deposition area is calculated, the measuring weir being used to monitor the peak flow, flow velocity, flow depth, erosion deposition depth, deposition range or sediment sorting characteristics;

[0143] According to the deposition position of the disaster body, a sixth device position of the second video acquisition instrument in the deposition area is calculated, the second video acquisition instrument being used to monitor the accumulation damage process of the disaster chain;

[0144] The fifth device position and the sixth device position are combined to obtain the device position of the deposition area.

[0145] In some embodiments, a deposition area monitoring device can be arranged in the deposition area to monitor the accumulation process of the disaster body over time. The deposition area monitoring device can include a measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument. First, a deposition area monitoring index can be constructed according to the disaster characteristics of the deposition area, wherein the deposition area monitoring index includes the peak flow, flow velocity, flow depth, erosion deposition depth, deposition range or sediment sorting characteristics. Then, a fifth device position of the measuring weir in the deposition area is calculated according to the deposition position of the disaster body, wherein the measuring weir is used to monitor the peak flow, flow velocity, flow depth, erosion deposition depth, deposition range or sediment sorting characteristics. A sixth device position of the second video acquisition instrument in the deposition area is calculated according to the deposition position of the disaster body, wherein the second video acquisition instrument is used to monitor the accumulation damage process of the disaster chain. Finally, the fifth device position and the sixth device position are combined to obtain the device position of the deposition area.

[0146] In some embodiments, in step S108, a monitoring network layout can be performed on the target mountainous area according to the meteorological radar device positioning height, the ground rain gauge station positioning position, the device position of the starting area, the device position of the transformation flow area and the device position of the deposition area, to obtain a monitoring network layout result. The monitoring network layout result is used to monitor the complex chain-forming mountainous disaster. Exemplarily, a meteorological radar device can be arranged at the meteorological radar device positioning height, a ground rain gauge station can be arranged at the ground rain gauge station positioning position, and a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability measuring instrument, a soil erosion meter or a displacement sensor can be arranged at the device position of the starting area in the starting area. In the transformation flow area, a pressure sensor can be arranged at the first device position, a flow velocity meter and a mud level meter can be arranged at the second device position, a first video acquisition instrument can be arranged at the third device position, and a particle dynamic scanner can be arranged at the fourth device position. In the deposition area, a measuring weir can be arranged, and a second video acquisition instrument can be arranged at the sixth device position. The monitoring network layout result is as shown in Figure 3 .

[0147] In some embodiments, the overall flow of the monitoring network layout is as shown in Figure 4As shown, the geological environment data of the target region can be acquired first, including topography, geology, meteorology, hydrology, vegetation, etc., and then the rainfall radar layout is performed, and then the disaster characteristic subarea is divided based on the hydrological geomorphology parameters of the riverbed longitudinal section, i.e., the mountain disaster monitoring functional area, the first river area between the mountain ridge line and the first cracking point of the slope change of the riverbed longitudinal section is taken as the starting area, the second river area between the first cracking point of the slope change of the first level riverbed longitudinal section and the second cracking point of the slow change of the slope is taken as the transformation flow area, and the third river area between the second cracking point of the second level slope change and the water outlet is taken as the deposition area. Finally, in the starting area, the flow sensor is arranged to monitor the slope runoff, the soil water content meter is arranged to monitor the soil water content and the soil saturation degree, the soil permeability measuring instrument is arranged to monitor the infiltration rate, the soil erosion amount meter is arranged to monitor the erosion amount, and the displacement sensor is arranged to monitor the ground displacement. In the transformation flow area, the pressure sensor is arranged to monitor the pressure change, the first video acquisition instrument is arranged to monitor the ground deformation, the particle dynamic scanner is arranged to monitor the particle motion form, and the flow velocity meter and the mud level meter are arranged to monitor the rock-soil movement process. In the deposition area, the flow measuring weir is arranged to monitor the flood peak flow, flow velocity, flow depth, erosion and deposition depth, deposition range and sediment sorting characteristics, and the second video acquisition instrument is arranged to monitor the disaster chain accumulation and damage process.

[0148] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present application include that the embodiment of the present application first acquires the geological environment data of the target region, calculates the meteorological radar equipment site height, and then calculates the ground rainfall station site position according to the meteorological radar equipment site height, then divides the monitoring basin according to the target region geological environment data to obtain the mountain disaster monitoring functional area, and then calculates the starting area device position of the starting area monitoring device in the starting area according to the starting area monitoring index, calculates the transformation flow area device position of the transformation flow area monitoring device in the transformation flow area according to the transformation flow area monitoring index, and calculates the deposition area device position of the deposition area monitoring device in the deposition area according to the deposition area monitoring index, and finally, according to the meteorological radar equipment site height, the ground rainfall station site position, the starting area device position, the transformation flow area device position and the deposition area device position, the target mountain is monitored to obtain the monitoring network layout result, so that the monitoring network layout can be realized through various device positions, and the monitoring accuracy and the layout comprehensiveness are improved. At the same time, the embodiment overcomes the limitations of traditional single disaster monitoring, and improves the completeness, accuracy and effectiveness of the monitoring process.

[0149] As shown in Figure 5 The embodiment of the present application also provides a composite chain mountain disaster monitoring network layout device, which comprises:

[0150] The first module 801 is used for acquiring the geological environment data of the target region, and the geological environment data of the target region includes topography data, geology data, meteorology data, hydrology data or vegetation data;

[0151] The second module 802 is configured to calculate a weather radar device site height according to the target region geological environment data.

[0152] The third module 803 is configured to calculate a ground rain gauge site position according to the weather radar device site height.

[0153] The fourth module 804 is configured to divide a monitoring watershed into functional zones according to the target region geological environment data to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring functional zone, and the mountain disaster monitoring functional zone includes a starting zone, a transformation flow zone and a deposition zone.

[0154] The fifth module 805 is configured to calculate a starting zone device position of a starting zone monitoring device in the starting zone according to disaster characteristics of the starting zone, and the starting zone monitoring device includes a flow sensor, a soil moisture meter, a soil permeability meter, a soil erosion meter or a displacement sensor.

[0155] The sixth module 806 is configured to calculate a transformation flow zone device position of a transformation flow zone monitoring device in the transformation flow zone according to disaster characteristics of the transformation flow zone, and the transformation flow zone monitoring device includes a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow velocity meter or a mud level meter.

[0156] The seventh module 807 is configured to calculate a deposition zone device position of a deposition zone monitoring device in the deposition zone according to disaster characteristics of the deposition zone, and the deposition zone monitoring device includes a flow measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument.

[0157] The eighth module 808 is configured to perform monitoring network layout on a target mountain according to the weather radar device site height, the ground rain gauge site position, the starting zone device position, the transformation flow zone device position and the deposition zone device position to obtain a monitoring network layout result, and the monitoring network layout result is used for monitoring a composite chain mountain disaster.

[0158] The contents in the above method embodiments are applicable to the device embodiments, the device embodiments specifically implement the functions of the above method embodiments, and achieve the same beneficial effects as the above method embodiments.

[0159] As shown in Figure 6 the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device, which comprises:

[0160] at least one processor 901;

[0161] at least one memory 902 configured to store at least one program;

[0162] when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is caused to implement the method shown in Figure 1 .

[0163] The contents in the method embodiments are applicable to the device embodiments, the device embodiments specifically implement the functions same as the method embodiments, and achieve the beneficial effects same as the method embodiments.

[0164] The embodiment of the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method shown in the embodiment of the application. Figure 1 The embodiment of the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method shown in the embodiment of the application.

[0165] The contents in the method embodiments are applicable to the device embodiments, the device embodiments specifically implement the functions same as the method embodiments, and achieve the beneficial effects same as the method embodiments.

[0166] The preferred embodiments of the application are described above with reference to the drawings, and the scope of the application is not limited by the above description. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the application should be within the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method for laying out a composite chain of mountain disaster monitoring networks, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining target area geological environment data, the target area geological environment data comprising topographic and geomorphologic data, geological data, meteorological data, hydrological data or vegetation data; calculating a meteorological radar equipment site height according to the target area geological environment data; calculating a ground rainfall station site position according to the meteorological radar equipment site height; dividing a monitoring watershed into functional zones according to the target area geological environment data to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring functional zone, the mountain disaster monitoring functional zone comprising a start-up zone, a transformation and flow-through zone and a deposition zone; calculating a start-up zone equipment position of a start-up zone monitoring equipment in the start-up zone according to disaster characteristics of the start-up zone, the start-up zone monitoring equipment comprising a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability meter, a soil erosion meter or a displacement sensor; calculating a transformation and flow-through zone equipment position of a transformation and flow-through zone monitoring equipment in the transformation and flow-through zone according to disaster characteristics of the transformation and flow-through zone, the transformation and flow-through zone monitoring equipment comprising a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow velocity meter or a mud level meter; calculating a deposition zone equipment position of a deposition zone monitoring equipment in the deposition zone according to disaster characteristics of the deposition zone, the deposition zone monitoring equipment comprising a measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument; performing monitoring network layout on a target mountain according to the meteorological radar equipment site height, the ground rainfall station site position, the start-up zone equipment position, the transformation and flow-through zone equipment position and the deposition zone equipment position to obtain a monitoring network layout result, the monitoring network layout result being used for monitoring a composite chain-form mountain disaster; the calculating a meteorological radar equipment site height according to the target area geological environment data comprises: generating a single-station radar shadow angle graph and a single-station radar isobeam height graph under multiple altitudes according to the target area geological environment data; calculating radar scanning plane data comprising a projection area, a coverage or a height volume index according to the single-station radar shadow angle graph and the single-station radar isobeam height graph; calculating a first relationship curve according to the projection area and the altitude; calculating a second relationship curve according to the coverage and the altitude; calculating a third relationship curve according to the height volume index and the altitude; calculating the meteorological radar equipment site height according to the first relationship curve, the second relationship curve and the third relationship curve, the meteorological radar equipment site height taking into account both planar coverage and vertical coverage.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the calculating a ground rainfall station site position according to the meteorological radar equipment site height comprises: calculating a radar signal shielding area according to the meteorological radar equipment site height; calculating the ground rainfall station site position in the radar signal shielding area according to a preset number of rainfall stations.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, the dividing a monitoring watershed into functional zones according to the target area geological environment data to obtain a mountain disaster monitoring functional zone comprises: obtaining watershed background data in a disaster risk small watershed unit; establishing a watershed digital elevation model according to the target area geological environment data and the watershed background data; According to the digital elevation model of the basin, a pre-set spatial analysis method is used to calculate a flow accumulation; According to the flow accumulation, river network structure data of the disaster risk small basin unit is extracted from the digital elevation model of the basin; According to the river network structure data, river drop and distance from the measuring point to the river mouth, a river longitudinal section is constructed; According to the river longitudinal section, a river longitudinal section gradient is calculated; According to the river longitudinal section gradient, a first crack point and a second crack point are calculated on the river longitudinal section, the first crack point is used to represent the turning point of the ridge line steep slope section and the river gentle slope section, and the second crack point is used to represent the turning point of the river gentle slope section and the water outlet gentle slope section; A first river area between the ridge line and the first crack point is taken as the starting area, and the starting area is used to monitor the slope ecological hydrogeological coupling process and the disaster formation evolution trend; A second river area between the first crack point and the second crack point is taken as the transformation flow area, and the transformation flow area is used to monitor the disaster chain solid flow transformation process and the change of water and soil flux along the way; A third river area between the second crack point and the water outlet is taken as the deposition area, and the deposition area is used to monitor the deposition dynamic characteristics.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The starting area equipment position in the starting area is calculated according to the disaster characteristics of the starting area, including: According to the disaster characteristics of the starting area, a starting area monitoring index is constructed, and the starting area monitoring index includes slope runoff, soil moisture content, soil saturation degree, infiltration rate, erosion amount or surface displacement; According to the digital elevation model of the basin, a slope division is performed on the starting area by using a geographic information system, and a plurality of initial slope units are obtained; According to a landslide risk evaluation index, a risk index of the initial slope unit is calculated; According to the risk index, a high-risk slope unit is selected from the plurality of initial slope units; According to the high-risk slope unit and the edge dike, a slope hydrological disaster observation area is constructed, and the slope hydrological disaster observation area is used to observe the rainfall infiltration and underground instability process; The starting area equipment position in the slope hydrological disaster observation area is calculated according to the starting area monitoring index.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The transformation flow area equipment position in the transformation flow area is calculated according to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow area, including: According to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow area, a transformation flow area monitoring index is constructed, and the transformation flow area monitoring index includes pressure change, surface deformation, particle motion form or rock-soil body movement process; According to the rainfall position, a first equipment position of the pressure sensor in the transformation flow area is calculated, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure change; According to the position of the water and soil mixed medium, a second equipment position of the combination of the flow velocity meter and the mud level gauge in the transformation flow area is calculated, and the combination of the flow velocity meter and the mud level gauge is used to monitor the rock-soil body movement process; According to the surface position, a third equipment position of the first video acquisition instrument in the transformation flow area is calculated, and the first video acquisition instrument is used to monitor the surface deformation; According to the position of the geotechnical body, a fourth device position of the particle dynamic scanner for monitoring the particle motion form is calculated in the transformation flow circulation zone; The first device position, the second device position, the third device position and the fourth device position are combined to obtain the transformation flow circulation zone device position.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The sedimentation zone device position of the sedimentation zone monitoring device is calculated according to the disaster characteristics of the sedimentation zone, including: According to the disaster characteristics of the sedimentation zone, a sedimentation zone monitoring index is constructed, including a flood peak flow, a flow velocity, a flow depth, an erosion deposition depth, a deposition range or a sediment sorting characteristic; According to the deposition position of the disaster body, a fifth device position of the flow measuring weir for monitoring the flood peak flow, the flow velocity, the flow depth, the erosion deposition depth, the deposition range or the sediment sorting characteristic is calculated in the sedimentation zone; According to the deposition position of the disaster body, a sixth device position of the second video acquisition instrument for monitoring the disaster chain accumulation damage process is calculated in the sedimentation zone; The fifth device position and the sixth device position are combined to obtain the sedimentation zone device position.

7. An apparatus for implementing the method of claim 1-6, wherein, It comprises: A first module is configured to acquire target area geological environment data, which includes topographic and geomorphic data, geological data, meteorological data, hydrological data or vegetation data; A second module is configured to calculate a meteorological radar device site selection height according to the target area geological environment data; A third module is configured to calculate a ground rainfall station site selection position according to the meteorological radar device site selection height; A fourth module is configured to divide a monitoring river basin into functional zones according to the target area geological environment data to obtain a mountain hazard monitoring functional zone, which includes a start-up zone, a transformation flow circulation zone and a sedimentation zone; A fifth module is configured to calculate a start-up zone device position of a start-up zone monitoring device according to the disaster characteristics of the start-up zone, the start-up zone monitoring device including a flow sensor, a soil moisture content meter, a soil permeability measuring instrument, a soil erosion meter or a displacement sensor; A sixth module is configured to calculate a transformation flow circulation zone device position of a transformation flow circulation zone monitoring device according to the disaster characteristics of the transformation flow circulation zone, the transformation flow circulation zone monitoring device including a pressure sensor, a first video acquisition instrument, a particle dynamic scanner, a flow velocity meter or a mud level meter; A seventh module is configured to calculate a sedimentation zone device position of a sedimentation zone monitoring device according to the disaster characteristics of the sedimentation zone, the sedimentation zone monitoring device including a flow measuring weir or a second video acquisition instrument; An eighth module is configured to perform monitoring network layout on a target mountain according to the meteorological radar device site selection height, the ground rainfall station site selection position, the start-up zone device position, the transformation flow circulation zone device position and the sedimentation zone device position to obtain a monitoring network layout result, which is used for monitoring a composite chain-forming mountain hazard.

8. A computer apparatus, characterized by It comprises: At least one processor; At least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is caused to implement the method recited in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8. The computer program, which is executed by a processor, implements the method recited in any one of claims 1-6.

Images