Fish character classification method based on behaviors and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a behavior-based fish character classification method and application, and belongs to the technical field of fish behavioral analysis, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, temporary rearing of individuals; s2, behavior testing and shooting; s3, behavior feature quantification and statistics; s4, biliary volume comprehensive index. According to the method, behavior characteristics are quantified through a new object experiment test, so that the influence of subjective factors on character identification is avoided; besides the average moving speed of the motion behavior characteristics, spatial behavior characteristics of a contact area and an approaching area are introduced, and a more rigorous and comprehensive standard is provided for character identification; according to the method, the quantitative index of the biliary volume comprehensive index is put forward, formulation calculation is carried out on the basis of normalization processing of multi-behavior parameter data, comparison and difference analysis are carried out on characters of different individuals, fry suitable for deep and far sea culture can be screened out more accurately and conveniently, and then the culture income is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fish behavior analysis, and in particular to a behavior-based fish personality classification method and application. Background Art

[0002] "Personality" is considered to be the main factor affecting individual behavioral changes, and there are personality differences between individuals. Individuals within a group show a continuous distribution of boldness-timidity, and personality has a profound impact on animals' response to environmental changes. After a series of behavioral tests and physiological index analysis, it was confirmed that bold-timid personality is directly related to aggression, foraging, stress resistance and recovery time. Courageous individuals are more active than timid individuals, have higher social status, are more adaptable to the environment, and recover faster from stress. Under intensive farming conditions, fish are exposed to acute and chronic stress environments, which will cause fish to respond in a combination of behavioral, neuroendocrine and autonomic changes, aiming to reduce the adverse effects of stress. Changes in behavior enable fish to respond to challenges or escape, while autonomic and neuroendocrine responses provide fish with the resources needed to meet the needs of changing behavior and maintain homeostasis. Drastic changes in behavior can be divided into active stress coping styles manifested as high levels of active avoidance and aggression, and passive stress coping styles manifested as immobility and low levels of aggression. These two behavioral characteristics should be largely related to the neuroendocrine system. As in other vertebrates, the level of cortisol in the blood is an important indicator of the stress state of fish, and the increase in cortisol levels is caused by the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis (HPI). Therefore, timid individuals have greater HPI axis reactivity to stressors, resulting in higher plasma cortisol levels than bold individuals.

[0003] In addition to helping to identify fish personality for subsequent behavioral experiments, behavioral testing of fish personality can also provide certain assistance in improving fish resistance in the field of aquaculture production, and in the field of biology it can provide certain theoretical guidance for enriching and developing basic fish behavioral theories.

[0004] Looking at the current research on fish farming, most of them remain at the level of breeding, seawater domestication, and nutritional quality analysis. There are still many blanks in the research on fish personality, behavior, and environmental adaptability, and there is a lack of testing methods for identifying personality. Previous researchers have quantitatively judged the personality of fish through a single behavioral parameter or blood biochemical index. However, the personality of animals is not a binomial distribution, and there are usually more intermediate characteristics of continuous distribution; and in the marine economic fish farming industry, in order to screen fish seedlings suitable for deep-sea farming, farmed fish are anesthetized and blood is taken, and the personality of fish is quantitatively judged through blood biochemical indicators. The operation is cumbersome, not only the detection cost is high, but also it is easy to cause harm to farmed fish. At present, there is a lack of quantitative analysis methods for fish personality. The above problems need to be solved urgently. To this end, a behavior-based fish personality classification method is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problem that the prior art lacks a quantitative analysis method for fish personality, so as to more accurately and conveniently screen out seedlings suitable for deep-sea aquaculture, thereby increasing aquaculture income, and providing a behavior-based fish personality classification method.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions, and the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Individual temporary care

[0008] The test fish are temporarily cultured in a culture container;

[0009] S2: Behavioral testing and filming

[0010] The behavior of the test fish was tested and filmed using a novel object behavior testing device;

[0011] S3: Behavioral Characterization and Statistics

[0012] Based on the contact zone and approach zone set by the new object, the test fish's personality was qualitatively divided, and the relevant behavioral characteristics of the test fish were selected as quantitative analysis indicators for evaluating individual personality;

[0013] S4: Calculation of comprehensive courage index

[0014] The comprehensive courage index of each test fish was calculated, and the courage of the test fish was further quantitatively analyzed.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the new object behavior testing device includes an observation box, a new object, and a camera. The new object is located at a set position in the observation box, and the camera is used to shoot the behavior of the test fish.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, the specific processing process is as follows:

[0017] S21: The aquaculture water is adjusted to the set temperature after aeration for 24 hours;

[0018] S22: Place the test fish in the observation box to adapt for 10 min;

[0019] S23: placing a new object at a set distance in front of the test fish;

[0020] S24: setting the new object as the center, the 5 cm range around the new object is divided into the contact zone, and the 5-10 cm range around the new object is divided into the proximity zone;

[0021] S25: Complete the testing and photographing of a set number of individuals in sequence.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the test fish's personality is qualitatively divided into bold and timid, corresponding to bold individuals and timid individuals; when the test fish has entered the contact area, the test fish is a bold individual, and when the test fish is always outside the approach area, the test fish is a timid individual.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S3, the selected behavioral characteristics are the average speed of the test fish, the cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S4, before calculating the courage comprehensive index, it is necessary to normalize the selected behavior feature data in step S3. The normalization process is specifically as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, Xn* is the normalized value, X is the specific data of a behavioral indicator of the test fish, max is the maximum value of the specific data of the behavioral feature in the test fish school, and min is the minimum value of the specific data of the behavioral feature in the test fish school; n=1,2,3,.....,9, corresponding to 9 behavioral features respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S4, the courage comprehensive index includes a mobility index and a spatiality index, wherein the mobility index is the normalized average speed, and the spatiality index is the normalized cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone. The calculation formula of the courage comprehensive index is as follows:

[0028] B=(X1 * +X2 * +X3 * +X4 * +X5 * +X6 * +X7 * +X8 * +X9 * ) / 9

[0029] Among them, X1 * is the average speed data of the tested fish in the motility index after normalization, X2 * 、X3 * 、X4 * 、X5 * 、X6 * 、X7 * 、X8 * With X9 * Corresponding to the data of the normalized spatial index of the test fish entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone.

[0030] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned behavior-based fish personality classification method. The behavior-based fish personality classification method is used to calculate the comprehensive courage index of each individual in the breeding group and sort them from high to low. Then, according to the demand for deep-sea breeding seedlings, multiple individuals with high courage comprehensive index ranking are screened out as deep-sea breeding seedlings, wherein the level of the comprehensive courage index is positively correlated with the strength of environmental adaptability.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1) Traditional fish personality identification standards can only be qualitatively analyzed, but the personality of animals is not a binomial distribution, and there are usually more intermediate characteristics of continuous distribution; the present invention quantifies the behavioral characteristics through novel object experimental testing, avoiding the influence of subjective factors on personality identification.

[0033] 2) In addition to considering the average swimming speed of the athletic behavior characteristics, the present invention also introduces the spatial behavior characteristics of the "contact zone" and the "approach zone" to provide a more rigorous and comprehensive standard for personality identification.

[0034] 3) Traditional fish personality identification usually uses a single behavioral parameter. The present invention proposes a quantitative indicator of courage comprehensive index. By formulating and calculating on the basis of normalized processing of multiple behavioral parameter data, the courage of different individuals is compared and analyzed, which can more accurately and conveniently screen out seedlings suitable for deep-sea aquaculture, thereby increasing aquaculture income. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a new object behavior test device for rainbow trout in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a rectangular observation box, 2 is a new object, and 3 is a camera;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a distribution diagram of average speed results of bold large and timid small rainbow trout in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the figure represents an individual);

[0037] Figure 3 This is a distribution diagram of the cumulative duration results of bold large and timid small rainbow trout in the approach zone in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0038] Figure 4 : is a distribution diagram of the frequency results of bold large and timid small rainbow trout entering the approach zone in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0039] Figure 5 This is a distribution diagram of the maximum time results of bold large and timid small rainbow trout entering the approach zone in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0040] Figure 6 : This is a distribution diagram of the average time for bold large and timid small rainbow trout to enter the approach zone in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0041] Figure 7 This is a distribution diagram of the cumulative duration results of the bold large and timid small rainbow trout in the contact area in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0042] Figure 8 : is a distribution diagram of the frequency of large-sized and small-sized bold rainbow trout entering the contact zone in an embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a distribution diagram of the maximum time results of bold large and timid small rainbow trout entering the contact zone in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0044] Fig.10 : is a distribution diagram of the average time for large and small timid rainbow trout to enter the contact zone in the embodiment of the present invention (each small circle in the diagram represents an individual);

[0045] Fig.11 This is a result diagram of serum cortisol content of large-sized and small-sized rainbow trout in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.12 is a comparison diagram of relative expression levels of growth hormone releasing hormone receptor expression genes in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.13 It is a flow chart of a behavior-based fish personality classification method in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0049] This embodiment provides a technical solution: a behavior-based fish personality classification method. The fish in this embodiment takes rainbow trout as an example. The above fish personality classification method includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Individual temporary care

[0051] The test fish were temporarily raised for one week in a cylindrical aquarium (height: 58 cm, radius: 32 cm, volume: 186 L) with 25 fish placed in it. The air pump was continuously aerated for 24 h, dissolved oxygen (DO) > 6 mg / L, the temperature was 16.0 ± 0.5 °C, and the photoperiod was 12 L: 12 D. During the temporary raising period, artificial compound feed was fed once at 9:00 and 15:00 every day, and the water was changed once a day with a water change volume of 90%. The replaced fresh water was aerated 24 h in advance and adjusted to a suitable temperature.

[0052] Step 2: Behavioral testing and filming

[0053] The novel object behavior testing device in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1As shown, it includes a rectangular observation box 1, a novel object 2, and a camera 3. The rectangular observation box 1 is an acrylic box of 90×50×40, with a white interior. The novel object 2 is a cuboid (10×7×4cm) made of Lego blocks of various colors, sizes, and shapes, with a metal iron block (3×3×3cm, about 200g) inside to facilitate its sinking to the bottom of the water. A scale can be pasted and arranged vertically and horizontally along both sides of the rectangular water tank, so that the distance between the test fish and the novel object can be accurately recorded to 5mm; all tests were conducted 12 hours after feeding and under quiet conditions. After adding fresh water (water depth 25cm) that had been aerated for 24 hours and adjusted to a suitable temperature into the rectangular observation box 1, the test fish was placed in the rectangular observation box 1 to adapt for 10 minutes, and a novel object 2 was placed about 10cm in front of the test fish. The experiment ended after recording the behavior for 15 minutes, and the test and shooting of 85 individuals were completed in sequence.

[0054] Step 3: Behavioral Characterization and Statistics

[0055] The present embodiment selects the rainbow trout personality characteristics as boldness and timidity, and uses EthoVision XT17 (Noldus, Wageningen, The Netherlands) for video tracking and analysis. Mainly use whether the test fish enters the contact zone and the approach zone, this index is used for qualitative analysis of personality. Set the 5cm range around the new object as the contact zone with the new object as the center, and the 5-10cm range around the new object as the approach zone. When the test fish enters the contact zone, the test fish is a bold individual (i.e., a bold large rainbow trout), and when the test fish is always outside the approach zone, the test fish is a timid individual (i.e., a timid small rainbow trout). Select the average speed of the test fish, the cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone as the quantitative analysis index for evaluating individual personality.

[0056] It should be noted that when the test fish has entered the approach zone but has not entered the contact zone, it is regarded as an intermediate individual. The various performances of the intermediate individual are between the timid individual and the bold individual. In practical applications, the present invention is mainly used to screen bold individuals and timid individuals.

[0057] In this embodiment, the cumulative duration is the total time that the test fish enters the set target area (contact area or approach area) during the video acquisition period; the maximum time is the longest time that the test fish repeatedly enters and exits the set target area during the video acquisition period, and the average time is the cumulative duration / frequency of the test fish entering the set target area during the video acquisition period; the average speed is the ratio of the swimming distance of the test fish during the video acquisition period to the time taken; the frequency is the total number of times the test fish enters the set target area (contact area or approach area) during the video acquisition period.

[0058] In this embodiment, EthoVision XT17 is a video tracking software that tracks and analyzes animal behavior, activities, and movement trajectories. EthoVision XT17 can detect animals in recorded videos, distinguish them from the background, and track their positions and movement trajectories, while providing a large number of parameters such as travel distance, time spent in a set target area, path shape, etc. to help conduct in-depth analysis of animal behavior. In the past, animal behavior tracking has mainly focused on model organisms such as zebrafish and rodents, and less behavioral tracking of economic fish has been conducted.

[0059] Step 4: Sample collection and indicator determination

[0060] Before sampling, the test fish were anesthetized in MS-222 anesthetic (40-50 mg / L) and then venous blood was collected. Six fish were randomly selected from each group of rainbow trout in the bold and bold groups for collection. The blood samples were placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for 12 hours for natural stratification, and then centrifuged at 3500r / min for 15 minutes to extract the upper serum, which was quickly stored in a -80℃ refrigerator for testing. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA; H094-1-1; Nanjing Jiancheng, Nanjing, China) was used to determine the content of cortisol in serum. The specific operation was carried out strictly in accordance with the instructions, and the instrument used was an enzyme marker (BioRad-550, USA).

[0061] The level of cortisol in serum is one of the intuitive indicators that reflects the stress response of fish to environmental stimuli. In this test, the cortisol level in the serum of bold individuals identified by the single behavioral parameter in step 3 showed a significant difference from that of timid individuals. The timid individuals had higher cortisol levels in their serum. Therefore, it can be concluded that the fourth method of character identification through behavioral characterization is feasible. In addition, character is closely related to the endocrine system, and bold individuals show higher resistance to stress.

[0062] Step 5: Calculation of the courage comprehensive index

[0063] The judgment standard of character identification based on a single behavioral parameter is too one-sided. The character of fish cannot be directly divided into "bold" and "timid". There are usually different "degrees of courage". At the same time, character identification based on blood biochemical indicators is not only costly and cumbersome, but also easy to cause infection to farmed fish. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a more comprehensive and rigorous concept to quantitatively analyze the character of rainbow trout.

[0064] The comprehensive courage index includes the motility index and the spatiality index, where the motility index is the normalized average (swimming) speed of the test fish, and the spatiality index is the normalized cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone. Since each behavioral characteristic has different dimensions and dimensional units, which affects the data analysis results, it is necessary to normalize the obtained data so that the motility index or spatiality index can be scored. The normalization process is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, Xn* is the normalized value, X is the specific data of a certain behavior characteristic of the test fish, max is the maximum value of the specific data of the behavior characteristic in the test fish school, and min is the minimum value of the specific data of the behavior characteristic in the test fish school. n=1,2,3,.....,9, corresponding to 9 quantitative analysis indicators of personality: average speed of the test fish, cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, frequency of entering the contact zone, frequency of entering the approach zone, maximum time of entering the contact zone, maximum time of entering the approach zone, average time of entering the contact zone, and average time of entering the approach zone.

[0067] The calculation formula of the courage comprehensive index (B) is as follows:

[0068] B=(X1 * +X2 * +X3 * +X4 * +X5 * +X6 * +X7 * +X8 * +X9 * ) / 9

[0069] Among them, X1 * is the average speed data of the tested fish in the motility index after normalization, X2 * 、X3 * 、X4 * 、X5 *、X6 * 、X7 * 、X8 * With X9 * Corresponding to the data of the normalized spatial index of the test fish entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone.

[0070] In this test, the movement index and spatial index of the test fish were calculated respectively. The behavioral characteristic data of the top eight and bottom eight test fish in terms of courage comprehensive index are shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0071] Table 1. Characteristics of the top eight fish in terms of courage in a behavior-based rainbow trout personality classification test.

[0072]

[0073] “*” refers to normalized values.

[0074] Table 2 The characteristic data of the bottom eight test fish in the comprehensive courage index in a behavior-based rainbow trout personality classification test experiment

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] “*” refers to normalized values.

[0078] Based on the above results, the personality of each individual can be identified. According to the needs of the experiment or industry, the brave individuals with high courage comprehensive index and the timid individuals with low courage comprehensive index can be selected for subsequent experiments. The classification basis and process are more objective, accurate and scientific, filling the gap in the behavioral personality classification of rainbow trout.

[0079] It should be noted that in Figure 3-Figure 10 Some timid individuals have data on entering the contact zone and approach zone, such as the 8th from the bottom timid individual in Table 2. This is because fish will flee in panic under stressful conditions, so some individuals swim quickly and mistakenly enter the contact zone and approach zone. From the perspective of data analysis, this is a slight experimental error that cannot be avoided under objective conditions.

[0080] Embodiment 2

[0081] With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the available offshore space and freshwater resources for aquaculture are constantly shrinking, and the new growth point of aquaculture is in the deep sea. Compared with indoor factory farming and pond farming, the deep sea is an open sea with a changeable environment. Environmental changes stimulate fish, causing stress reactions and affecting fish growth and reproduction. Therefore, it is extremely important to provide fish seedlings with strong adaptability for the deep sea environment.

[0082] In aquaculture, bold individuals have strong adaptability to environmental changes and can recover normal growth from physiological stress more quickly after being stimulated. This is especially important for deep-sea aquaculture environments. Fish often face rapid currents and changing environments in deep-sea environments. At this time, bold individuals can adapt to environmental changes as quickly as possible and resume growth; while timid individuals are sensitive to the environment and have poor adaptability to the environment. After environmental changes, they are in a state of stress for a long time, resulting in impaired growth, reproduction, immunity and other abilities, and even death (see reference 1: Lv Weiqun; Gui Jianfang. Fish stress coping strategies and their application in stress resistance breeding. Journal of Fisheries of China 2020, 44, (3), 505-513.). For example, after salmonids were transferred from freshwater to seawater, they were stressed by salinity changes, and nearly 15% of the individuals died due to poor environmental adaptability (see reference 2: Sissener, NH, et al., 2021, Can improved nutrition for Atlantic salmon in freshwater increase fish robustness, survival and growth after seawater transfer? Aquaculture 542, 736852.). Bold fish have strong adaptability, grow fast, and can quickly adapt to the high salinity environment of seawater; timid fish have poor adaptability, are continuously subjected to stress reactions, and eventually stop growing and die. It is worth noting that stress reactions do not cause fish to die immediately, but will continue to affect timid fish, causing fish to die about 8 weeks after being stressed. Collecting blood from fish is very complicated, the labor cost is extremely high, and it is extremely harmful to fish. Therefore, in actual breeding, it is impossible to judge their personality by analyzing blood physiological and biochemical indicators. This leads to the mixed breeding of bold and timid fish after salmonids are transferred from freshwater to seawater, wasting a lot of breeding space and feed costs. If we can make early predictions about fish through behavioral science and select bold fish before fresh water is transferred to sea water, we can effectively improve aquaculture efficiency.

[0083] As mentioned above, the personality of fish is a reflection of its environmental adaptability. In essence, it is a different physiological state, that is, the physiological state determines environmental adaptability and personality. The most core indicator is the level of cortisol in the blood (see reference 3: Schreck, CB & Tort, L., The concept of stress in fish. In Fish Physiol., Schreck, CB; Tort, L.; Farrell, AP; Braune, CJ, Eds. Elsevier: 2016; Vol. 35, pp 1-34.). Cortisol is an important indicator of the stress state of fish. In a stable state, individuals who are sensitive to stress have significantly higher cortisol levels than those who are not sensitive to stress; after being stressed, individuals with strong stress reactions have higher cortisol levels ( Fig.11 Our data indicate that the steady-state cortisol level of timid individuals is significantly higher than that of bold individuals, indicating that timid individuals are sensitive to stress and are prone to growth cessation and death due to stress caused by environmental changes in culture.

[0084] In addition, growth performance is also a trait that farmed fish focus on. Growth hormone-releasing hormone secreted by the brain promotes the growth of fish by activating its receptors (see reference 4: Hou, ZS, et al., 2020. GHRH-SST-GH-IGFaxis regulates crosstalk between growth and immunity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) infected with Vibrio anguillarum. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 106, pp. 887-897.). Our study confirmed at the genetic level that the relative expression level of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor expression gene in bold individuals was significantly higher than that in timid individuals (see Fig.12 ), the above results confirm that bold individuals have higher growth potential.

[0085] Therefore, by implementing the character classification method of embodiment 1, by making a qualitative judgment on the character (i.e., environmental adaptability) of rainbow trout seedlings in advance, courageous individuals (i.e., individuals with strong environmental adaptability) are selected as seedlings for deep-sea farming, thereby improving farming efficiency; when necessary, further screening can be carried out from the deep-sea farming seedlings through the comprehensive index of courage, and deep-sea farming seedlings with a higher (larger) comprehensive index of courage can be screened out, which can further improve farming efficiency. Among them, physiological and behavioral studies have confirmed that the level of fish courage is positively correlated with the strength of environmental adaptability.

[0086] In summary, the behavior-based fish personality classification method of the above embodiment quantifies the behavior characteristics through novel object experimental tests, thereby avoiding the influence of subjective factors on personality identification; in addition to considering the average swimming speed of the motor behavior characteristics, it also introduces the spatial behavior characteristics of the "contact zone" and the "approach zone", providing a more rigorous and comprehensive standard for personality identification; a quantitative indicator of courage comprehensive index is proposed, and by formulating calculations based on the normalization of multiple behavior parameter data, the courage of different individuals is compared and analyzed, which can more accurately and conveniently screen out seedlings suitable for deep-sea aquaculture, thereby increasing aquaculture income.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A behavior-based fish personality classification method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Individual temporary care The test fish are temporarily cultured in a culture container; S2: Behavioral testing and filming The behavior of the test fish was tested and filmed using a novel object behavior testing device; In step S2, the new object behavior testing device includes an observation box, a new object, and a camera, the new object is located at a set position in the observation box, and the camera is used to shoot the behavior of the test fish; In step S2, the specific processing process is as follows: S21: The aquaculture water is adjusted to the set temperature after aeration for 24 hours; S22: Place the test fish in the observation box to adapt for 10 min; S23: placing a new object at a set distance in front of the test fish; S24: setting the new object as the center, the 5 cm range around the new object as the contact zone, and the 5-10 cm range around the new object as the proximity zone; S25: completing the testing and photographing of a set number of individuals in sequence; S3: Behavioral Characterization and Statistics Based on the contact zone and approach zone set by the new object, the test fish's personality was qualitatively divided, and the relevant behavioral characteristics of the test fish were selected as quantitative analysis indicators for evaluating individual personality; In step S3, the test fish's personality is qualitatively divided into bold and timid, corresponding to bold individuals and timid individuals; when the test fish has entered the contact area, the test fish is a bold individual, and when the test fish is always outside the approach area, the test fish is a timid individual; In step S3, the selected behavioral characteristics are the average speed of the test fish, the cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone; S4: Calculation of comprehensive courage index The comprehensive courage index of each test fish was calculated, and the courage of the test fish was further quantitatively analyzed.

2. A behavior-based fish personality classification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, before calculating the courage comprehensive index, it is necessary to normalize the selected behavior feature data in step S3. The normalization process is specifically as follows: Among them, Xn* is the normalized value, X is the specific data of a behavioral indicator of the test fish, max is the maximum value of the specific data of the behavioral feature in the test fish school, and min is the minimum value of the specific data of the behavioral feature in the test fish school; n=1,2,3,.....,9, corresponding to 9 behavioral features respectively.

3. A behavior-based fish personality classification method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the courage comprehensive index includes a mobility index and a spatiality index, wherein the mobility index is the normalized average speed, and the spatiality index is the normalized cumulative duration of entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone. The calculation formula of the courage comprehensive index is as follows: B=(X1 * +X2 * +X3 * +X4 * +X5 * +X6 * +X7 * +X8 * +X9 * ) / 9 Among them, X1 * is the average speed data of the tested fish in the motility index after normalization, X2 * 、X3 * 、X4 * 、X5 * 、X6 * 、X7 * 、X8 * With X9 * Corresponding to the data of the normalized spatial index of the test fish entering the contact zone, the cumulative duration of entering the approach zone, the frequency of entering the contact zone, the frequency of entering the approach zone, the maximum time of entering the contact zone, the maximum time of entering the approach zone, the average time of entering the contact zone, and the average time of entering the approach zone.

4. An application of the behavior-based fish personality classification method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The behavior-based fish personality classification method is used to calculate the comprehensive courage index of each individual in the breeding group and rank them from high to low. Then, according to the demand for deep-sea breeding seedlings, multiple individuals with high courage comprehensive index ranking are selected as deep-sea breeding seedlings, wherein the level of the comprehensive courage index is positively correlated with the strength of environmental adaptability.

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