BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on cloud platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on a cloud platform, and the system comprises a system architecture design module which employs modularization, expandability and high performance as core principles, and guarantees the stable and efficient operation of the system; comprising a front-end webpage APP, a cloud server and a BIM software plug-in. The data processing and transmission module comprises a data format standardization technology, a data compression and encryption technology, a concurrency control technology and a real-time synchronization technology; and the security and authority management module comprises user identity verification, access authority control, data encryption and transmission security, auditing and log recording and data backup and recovery. Through the cloud sharing function, a user can reduce the hardware cost required for locally installing and configuring the BIM software, and a high-performance computer and storage equipment do not need to be equipped for each designer. The hardware input cost of an enterprise can be reduced; the real-time collaborative design and modification function reduces communication barriers between designers, and improves the communication efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the cross-technical field of architectural design and information technology, and in particular to a BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on a cloud platform. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, its application in architectural design and construction has become increasingly widespread, significantly improving design efficiency, construction quality and project management. However, in the actual application of BIM models, especially when it involves multi-party collaboration, there are still many challenges and shortcomings.

[0003] At present, the sharing and collaborative modification of BIM models are mainly achieved through the following methods: 1) File transfer and sharing: Designers transfer BIM model files through email, instant messaging tools or cloud storage services. However, this method has problems such as low efficiency, chaotic version management, and prone to errors. Each modification requires retransmission of files, which increases communication costs and time costs.

[0004] 2) Third-party collaborative platform: Some third-party platforms provide collaborative editing functions for BIM models, but they are often limited by platform compatibility and usage costs. In addition, data migration and synchronization between platforms are also difficult, which increases the threshold for use.

[0005] 3) Professional software plug-ins: Some BIM software provides plug-ins or interfaces to achieve data exchange with other software. However, these plug-ins have limited applicability and often require users to have certain programming knowledge, making them difficult to use.

[0006] Although the above methods have solved the problem of BIM model sharing and collaborative modification to a certain extent, they still have the following problems and shortcomings: 1) Data security risks: The sharing of complete BIM models increases the risk of data leakage, especially in the absence of effective encryption and security measures.

[0007] 2) Lack of real-time performance: Traditional file transfer methods cannot achieve real-time viewing and modification of models, which affects collaboration efficiency.

[0008] 3) Compatibility issues: The data formats and interface standards between different BIM software are not unified, which leads to obstacles in model sharing and modification.

[0009] 4) Performance impact: Frequent data transmission and synchronization operations may have a certain impact on local software performance and reduce user experience.

[0010] In addition, the existing technology lacks a BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system that can simultaneously meet the requirements of data security, real-time, compatibility and performance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new solution to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on a cloud platform to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on a cloud platform, comprising: System architecture design module: With modularity, scalability and high performance as core principles, it ensures that the system can run stably and efficiently; including front-end web APP, cloud server and BIM software plug-in; Data processing and transmission module: including data format standardization, data compression and encryption, concurrency control and real-time synchronization technology; Security and permission management module: including user authentication, access permission control, data encryption and transmission security, auditing and logging, and data backup and recovery.

[0013] Furthermore, the front-end web APP is the user interface layer of the entire system, which is responsible for interacting with users, displaying BIM models and providing modification functions; the APP is built based on WebGL technology and supports running on multiple browsers and devices, and can be used without installing additional plug-ins; specifically, it includes: 1) Interface design: Interface elements include: (1) Menu bar: provides user login, logout, and model selection functions; (2) Toolbar: provides basic operation tools for model viewing, zooming, rotating, and translating, as well as advanced function tools for measuring, marking, and modifying; (3) Model view area: displays the BIM model and supports users to interact with it through a mouse or touch screen; (4) Status bar: displays the current operation status and model information; 2) Functional implementation: (1) Model loading and display: Users load BIM models by selecting model files or entering model URLs, and the front-end APP uses WebGL technology to render and display the models; (2) Model interaction: Provides mouse dragging, rotation, and zooming interactions, allowing users to view the model from multiple angles and levels; (3) Model modification: Through a custom extension interface, components can be moved, rotated, scaled, and deleted. Users can select components and enter new positions or parameter values, and the front-end APP will send the modification information to the cloud server. (4) Modification history: Automatically record the user's modification operations and provide undo and redo functions to facilitate users to backtrack and modify.

[0014] Furthermore, the cloud server is the core processing layer of the entire system, responsible for receiving modification requests sent by the front-end APP, processing concurrent requests, managing data storage, and synchronizing modification information to the BIM software plug-in; the details are as follows: 1) Architecture design: The cloud server adopts a microservice architecture, splitting different functional modules into independent microservices, and performing service registration, discovery, and routing through API Gateway; each microservice is independently deployed and operated; 2) Functional implementation: (1) Request reception and processing: The cloud server receives the modification request sent by the front-end APP through the HTTP or WebSocket protocol, authenticates the request and verifies the permission, and then forwards the request to the corresponding microservice for processing; (2) Data storage: A distributed database is used for data storage, which stores BIM model data, user information, permission settings, and modification history records; (3) Modification information synchronization: When the cloud server receives the modification request and completes the processing, the modification information is pushed to all relevant BIM software plug-ins in real time through the WebSocket protocol; (4) Concurrent processing: Through load balancing and distributed caching technologies, the system's concurrent processing capabilities are improved to ensure the system's stability and response speed in high-concurrency scenarios.

[0015] Furthermore, the BIM software plug-in is responsible for synchronizing the modification information of the cloud server to the local BIM software and updating the model in real time, as follows: 1) Plugin development: BIM software plug-ins are developed based on the API of the target BIM software. The development steps include: (1) Environment construction: Install and configure the SDK and development environment of the target BIM software; (2) Interface call: According to the API documentation of the target BIM software, write code to call the relevant interface to realize the model loading, rendering, and modification functions; (3) WebSocket connection: Integrate the WebSocket client in the plug-in, establish a WebSocket connection with the cloud server, and receive modification information in real time; (4) Model update: When the plug-in receives modification information pushed by the cloud server, it parses the information content and updates the local BIM model; 2) Functional implementation: (1) Model synchronization: The plug-in receives modification information pushed by the cloud server in real time through a WebSocket connection, and updates the component location and attribute information in the local BIM model; (2) Conflict detection: Before updating the model, the plug-in will perform conflict detection to ensure that the modification operation will not conflict with the operations of other designers; if a conflict is detected, the plug-in will warn the user and provide a solution; (3) Error handling: The plug-in has a complete error handling mechanism that can capture and handle various error situations that may occur during the model synchronization process, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific implementation process of data compression and encryption is as follows: 1) Data compression: Before sending data, the front-end web APP and cloud server compress the BIM model data to reduce the amount of data transmission; 2) Data encryption: In order to ensure the security of data transmission and prevent data from being illegally intercepted and tampered with, encryption technology is used in the data transmission process; all data transmitted through the network will be encrypted, and only the recipient with the corresponding decryption key can decrypt and read the data content.

[0017] Furthermore, the concurrent control sightline strategy includes: 1) Optimistic lock: set a version number or timestamp for each key field in the BIM model data table; when a user tries to modify data, the system first checks whether the version number or timestamp of the field is consistent with that in the database; if they are consistent, it means that no other user is currently modifying the data and the data can be updated; if they are inconsistent, it means that other users have modified the data, and the user needs to be prompted to reload the data or resolve the conflict; 2) Transaction processing: For complex modification operations, the transaction processing mechanism is used to ensure data consistency and integrity. Transaction processing includes starting a transaction, executing modification operations, and committing a transaction. Before committing a transaction, the system will verify and test the modification operation to ensure that no constraints are violated or data inconsistency is caused. If an error or conflict occurs, the system will roll back the transaction to the state before the start to maintain data consistency. 3) Queue mechanism: In order to alleviate the processing pressure of the cloud server and improve the concurrent processing capability, a queue mechanism is introduced in the cloud server. When a user sends a modification request, the cloud server will put the request into a queue to be processed. Then, the cloud server will take the request out of the queue for processing according to a certain strategy.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) Improve design efficiency: Through cloud sharing and real-time modification functions, designers can access and modify BIM models anytime and anywhere, without being restricted by geographical location and equipment. This greatly shortens the design cycle and improves design efficiency.

[0019] 2) Enhanced collaboration capabilities: The system supports simultaneous online collaboration among multiple users, allowing designers to communicate and share design opinions in real time. This helps reduce communication costs and improve team collaboration efficiency.

[0020] 3) Improve data security: The system uses strict security measures such as desensitization, data encryption and access control to ensure the security and controllability of BIM model data. This helps prevent risks such as data leakage and illegal access.

[0021] 4) Support cross-platform access: The front-end web APP and BIM software plug-in support access from multiple browsers and devices as well as multiple mainstream BIM software platforms. This allows users to work flexibly in different environments and lowers the threshold for use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a workflow diagram of the cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] Combination Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on a cloud platform, which specifically includes: 1. System architecture design module: The system architecture design of the present invention takes modularity, scalability and high performance as the core principles to ensure that the system can run stably and efficiently. The system is mainly composed of front-end web APP, cloud server, BIM software plug-in and data storage module, as follows: 1.1 Front-end web APP The front-end web APP is the user interface layer of the entire system, responsible for interacting with users, displaying BIM models and providing modification functions. The APP is built based on WebGL technology and supports running on multiple browsers and devices without installing additional plug-ins.

[0028] 1) Interface design The interface design of the front-end web APP focuses on user experience and ease of use. The main interface elements include: (1) Menu bar: provides functions such as user login, logout, and model selection.

[0029] (2) Toolbar: Provides basic operation tools such as model viewing, zooming, rotating, and panning, as well as advanced function tools such as measurement, annotation, and modification.

[0030] (3) Model view area: displays the BIM model and supports user interaction via mouse or touch screen.

[0031] (4) Status bar: displays the current operation status, model information and other prompt information.

[0032] 2) Function Implementation (1) Model loading and display: Users load BIM models by selecting model files or entering model URLs, and the front-end APP uses WebGL technology to render and display the models.

[0033] (2) Model interaction: It provides interaction methods such as mouse dragging, rotation, and zooming, allowing users to view the model from multiple angles and levels.

[0034] (3) Model modification: Through the customized extension interface, operations such as moving, rotating, scaling, and deleting components can be realized. Users can select components and enter new positions or parameter values, and the front-end APP will send the modification information to the cloud server.

[0035] (4) Modification history: Automatically record the user's modification operations and provide undo and redo functions to facilitate users to backtrack and modify.

[0036] 1.2 Cloud Server The cloud server is the core processing layer of the entire system, responsible for receiving modification requests sent by the front-end APP, processing concurrent requests, managing data storage, and synchronizing modification information to the BIM software plug-in.

[0037] 1) Architecture design The cloud server adopts a microservice architecture, splitting different functional modules into independent microservices, and registering, discovering and routing services through API Gateway. Each microservice is deployed and operated independently, which improves the scalability and fault tolerance of the system.

[0038] 2) Function Implementation (1) Request reception and processing: The cloud server receives the modification request sent by the front-end APP through the HTTP or WebSocket protocol, authenticates the request and verifies the permission, and then forwards the request to the corresponding microservice for processing.

[0039] (2) Data storage: Use a distributed database (such as MongoDB) for data storage to ensure high availability and scalability of data. The database stores BIM model data, user information, permission settings, modification history, and other data.

[0040] (3) Synchronization of modification information: When the cloud server receives the modification request and completes the processing, the modification information is pushed to all relevant BIM software plug-ins in real time through the WebSocket protocol.

[0041] (4) Concurrent processing: Through technical means such as load balancing and distributed caching, the system's concurrent processing capabilities are improved to ensure the stability and response speed of the system in high-concurrency scenarios.

[0042] 1.3 BIM software plug-in The BIM software plug-in is an important part of the system. It is responsible for synchronizing the modification information of the cloud server to the local BIM software and updating the model in real time.

[0043] 1) Plugin development BIM software plug-ins are developed based on the API of the target BIM software to ensure that the plug-in can be seamlessly integrated into the target BIM software. The main development steps include: (1) Environment setup: Install and configure the SDK and development environment of the target BIM software.

[0044] (2) Interface call: According to the API documentation of the target BIM software, write code to call the relevant interface to implement functions such as model loading, rendering, and modification.

[0045] (3) WebSocket connection: Integrate the WebSocket client in the plug-in, establish a WebSocket connection with the cloud server, and receive modification information in real time.

[0046] (4) Model update: When the plug-in receives modification information pushed by the cloud server, it parses the information content and updates the local BIM model.

[0047] 2) Function Implementation (1) Model synchronization: The plug-in receives modification information pushed by the cloud server in real time through a WebSocket connection, and updates the component location, properties and other information in the local BIM model.

[0048] (2) Conflict detection: Before updating the model, the plug-in will perform a conflict detection to ensure that the modification operation will not conflict with other designers' operations. If a conflict is detected, the plug-in will warn the user and provide a solution.

[0049] (3) Error handling: The plug-in has a complete error handling mechanism that can capture and handle various error situations that may occur during the model synchronization process, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0050] 2. Data processing and transmission module: In the BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on the cloud platform, the efficiency and security of data processing and transmission are crucial. This section will introduce the key technologies, processes and security measures for data processing and transmission in detail. Specifically: 2.1 Data format standardization In order to ensure smooth data interaction between the front-end web APP, cloud server and BIM software plug-in, the data format needs to be standardized. The present invention adopts widely supported BIM data exchange standards, such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) or other BIM data formats suitable for this system, to ensure interoperability and compatibility of data between different systems.

[0051] During the data processing process, the front-end web APP converts the user's modification operation into a standard BIM data request and sends it to the cloud server via HTTP or WebSocket protocol. After receiving and processing these data requests, the cloud server returns the modification results to the BIM software plug-in in the same standard format. The BIM software plug-in updates the local BIM model based on this data.

[0052] 2.2 Data Compression and Encryption Considering that BIM model data is usually quite large, in order to reduce the burden of network transmission and improve the security of data transmission, the present invention adopts data compression and encryption technology.

[0053] 1) Data compression: Before sending data, the front-end web APP and cloud server will compress the BIM model data to reduce the amount of data transmission. Commonly used compression algorithms include GZIP, ZIP, etc. These algorithms can effectively reduce data volume and improve transmission efficiency.

[0054] 2) Data encryption: In order to ensure the security of data transmission and prevent data from being illegally intercepted and tampered with, the present invention adopts encryption technology in the data transmission process. All data transmitted through the network will be encrypted, and only the recipient with the corresponding decryption key can decrypt and read the data content. Common encryption technologies include SSL / TLS protocol, AES encryption algorithm, etc.

[0055] 2.3 Concurrency Control In the scenario of multi-user concurrent collaboration, how to effectively control concurrent access and modification is a key issue. The present invention adopts the following strategies to achieve concurrency control: 1) Optimistic lock: Set a version number or timestamp for each key field in the BIM model data table. When a user tries to modify data, the system first checks whether the version number or timestamp of the field is consistent with that in the database. If they are consistent, it means that no other user is currently modifying the data and the update can be performed; if they are inconsistent, it means that other users have modified the data, and the user needs to be prompted to reload the data or resolve the conflict.

[0056] 2) Transaction processing: For complex modification operations, the present invention uses a transaction processing mechanism to ensure data consistency and integrity. Transaction processing includes steps such as starting a transaction, executing modification operations, and committing transactions. Before committing a transaction, the system will verify and test the modification operation to ensure that no constraints are violated or data inconsistencies are caused. If an error or conflict occurs, the system will roll back the transaction to the state before the start to maintain data consistency.

[0057] 3) Queue mechanism: In order to relieve the processing pressure of the cloud server and improve the concurrent processing capability, the present invention introduces a queue mechanism in the cloud server. When a user sends a modification request, the cloud server will put the request into a queue to be processed. Then, the cloud server will take out the request from the queue for processing according to certain strategies (such as priority, first come first served, etc.). This method can smoothly process a large number of concurrent requests and avoid server overload and crash.

[0058] 2.4 Real-time synchronization technology In order to achieve real-time synchronous update of BIM models, the present invention adopts WebSocket technology. WebSocket is a protocol for full-duplex communication on a single TCP connection, which makes data exchange between the client and the server simpler and more efficient.

[0059] In the front-end web APP, when the user modifies the model, the APP will encapsulate the modification information into a WebSocket message and send it to the cloud server. After receiving the message, the cloud server will immediately push the modification information to all related BIM software plug-ins. After receiving the modification information, the plug-in will immediately update the corresponding component location, attributes and other information in the local BIM model. In this way, real-time collaborative modification and synchronous update of the BIM model can be achieved among multiple users.

[0060] 3. Security and authority management module: In the BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on the cloud platform, security and authority management are very important links. This section will introduce the security and authority management mechanism of the present invention in detail. Specifically including: 3.1 User Authentication In order to ensure that only legitimate users can access the system and modify BIM model data, the present invention adopts a strict user identity authentication mechanism. Users need to log in and verify using a username and password or other identity authentication methods (such as fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, etc.). Only users who pass the verification can access the system and perform subsequent operations.

[0061] 3.2 Access Control Different users may have different access rights. The present invention sets corresponding access rights according to the user's role and responsibility. For example, a project manager may have the authority to view and modify all BIM model data; while an ordinary designer may only be able to view and modify the BIM model data for which he is responsible. The system uses a permission control mechanism to ensure that users can only access and operate their authorized data and functions.

[0062] 3.3 Data encryption and transmission security As mentioned above, the present invention uses encryption technology to ensure the security of data during data transmission. All data transmitted over the network will be encrypted to prevent the data from being illegally intercepted and tampered with. In addition, the system also uses security protocols such as SSL / TLS protocol to ensure a secure channel during data transmission, further enhancing the security of data transmission.

[0063] 3.4 Auditing and Logging In order to track the user's operation behavior in the system and conduct security audits, the present invention introduces an audit and log recording mechanism. The system will record key behaviors such as user login, operation, data modification, etc., and save these records in a secure log database. By viewing and analyzing log records, administrators can track the user's operation trajectory and promptly discover and deal with potential security issues.

[0064] 3.5 Data backup and recovery In order to prevent data loss or damage, the present invention also provides a data backup and recovery mechanism. The system regularly backs up the BIM model data and its modification records to a secure storage medium, such as a hard disk, cloud storage, etc. When data is lost or damaged, the administrator can restore the data from the backup to ensure the normal operation of the system and the integrity of the data.

[0065] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Technical effect: 1) Improve design efficiency: Through cloud sharing and real-time modification functions, designers can access and modify BIM models anytime and anywhere, without being restricted by geographical location and equipment. This greatly shortens the design cycle and improves design efficiency.

[0066] 2) Enhanced collaboration capabilities: The system supports simultaneous online collaboration among multiple users, allowing designers to communicate and share design opinions in real time. This helps reduce communication costs and improve team collaboration efficiency.

[0067] 3) Improve data security: The system uses strict security measures such as desensitization, data encryption and access control to ensure the security and controllability of BIM model data. This helps prevent risks such as data leakage and illegal access.

[0068] 4) Support cross-platform access: The front-end web APP and BIM software plug-in support access from multiple browsers and devices as well as multiple mainstream BIM software platforms. This allows users to work flexibly in different environments and lowers the threshold for use.

[0069] Economic effect: 1) Reduce hardware costs: Through the cloud sharing function, users can reduce the hardware costs required for local installation and configuration of BIM software, and there is no need to equip each designer with high-performance computers and storage devices. This helps reduce the hardware investment costs of enterprises.

[0070] 2) Reduce communication costs: Real-time collaborative design and modification functions reduce communication barriers between designers and improve communication efficiency. This helps reduce design errors and rework caused by poor communication, thereby reducing project costs.

[0071] 3) Improve resource utilization: The system supports multi-user online collaboration at the same time, so that design resources (such as designers, design tools, etc.) can be used more reasonably. This helps to improve the resource utilization efficiency of the entire design team.

[0072] Social impact: 1) Promote green design: The remote collaborative design and real-time modification functions of BIM models help promote the design concept of green buildings and sustainable development. Through more efficient collaboration, designers can better consider factors such as environmental protection and energy saving, thereby designing greener and more environmentally friendly building solutions.

[0073] 2) Improve industry competitiveness: The system of the present invention provides a new collaborative model for the architectural design industry, which helps to improve the innovation and competitiveness of enterprises. Enterprises can use this advantage to stand out in the market and win more customers and market share.

[0074] 3) Promote digital transformation: With the continuous development of information technology, digital transformation has become an important trend in all walks of life. The system of the present invention provides strong support for the digital transformation of the architectural design industry and helps to promote the informatization and intelligent development of the entire industry.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system based on a cloud platform, characterized by: include: System architecture design module: With modularity, scalability and high performance as core principles, it ensures the system can operate stably and efficiently; Including front-end web APP, cloud server and BIM software plug-in; Data processing and transmission module: including data format standardization, data compression and encryption, concurrency control and real-time synchronization technology; Security and permission management module: including user authentication, access permission control, data encryption and transmission security, auditing and logging, and data backup and recovery.

2. The cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front-end web app is the user interface layer of the entire system, responsible for interacting with users, displaying BIM models and providing modification functions. The app is built based on WebGL technology and supports running on multiple browsers and devices without installing additional plug-ins. Specifically include: 1) Interface design: Interface elements include: (1) Menu bar: provides user login, logout, and model selection functions; (2) Toolbar: provides basic operation tools for model viewing, zooming, rotating, and panning, as well as advanced function tools for measuring, marking, and modifying; (3) Model view area: displays the BIM model and supports user interaction via mouse or touch screen; (4) Status bar: displays the current operation status and model information; 2) Function Implementation: (1) Model loading and display: Users load BIM models by selecting a model file or entering a model URL, and the front-end APP uses WebGL technology to render and display the model; (2) Model interaction: Provides mouse dragging, rotation, and zooming interaction methods, allowing users to view the model from multiple angles and levels; (3) Model modification: Through a custom extension interface, components can be moved, rotated, scaled, and deleted. Users can select components and enter new positions or parameter values, and the front-end APP will send the modified information to the cloud server. (4) Modification history: Automatically record the user's modification operations and provide undo and redo functions to facilitate users to backtrack and modify.

3. The cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cloud server is the core processing layer of the entire system, responsible for receiving modification requests sent by the front-end app, processing concurrent requests, managing data storage, and synchronizing modification information to the BIM software plug-in; the details are as follows: 1) Architecture design: The cloud server adopts a microservice architecture, splitting different functional modules into independent microservices, and performing service registration, discovery, and routing through the API Gateway; each microservice is independently deployed and operated; 2) Function Implementation: (1) Request reception and processing: The cloud server receives the modification request sent by the front-end APP through HTTP or WebSocket protocol, performs identity authentication and permission verification on the request, and then forwards the request to the corresponding microservice for processing; (2) Data storage: A distributed database is used for data storage, which stores BIM model data, user information, permission settings, and modification history records; (3) Modification information synchronization: When the cloud server receives the modification request and completes the processing, the modification information is pushed to all relevant BIM software plug-ins in real time through the WebSocket protocol; (4) Concurrent processing: Through load balancing and distributed caching technologies, the system's concurrent processing capabilities are improved to ensure the system's stability and response speed in high-concurrency scenarios.

4. The cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The BIM software plug-in is responsible for synchronizing the modified information of the cloud server to the local BIM software and updating the model in real time, as follows: 1) Plugin development: BIM software plug-ins are developed based on the target BIM software's API. The development steps include: (1) Environment construction: Install and configure the SDK and development environment of the target BIM software; (2) Interface call: According to the API documentation of the target BIM software, write code to call the relevant interface to realize the model loading, rendering, and modification functions; (3) WebSocket connection: Integrate the WebSocket client in the plug-in, establish a WebSocket connection with the cloud server, and receive modification information in real time; (4) Model update: When the plug-in receives the modification information pushed by the cloud server, it parses the information content and updates the local BIM model; 2) Function Implementation: (1) Model synchronization: The plug-in receives modification information pushed by the cloud server in real time through a WebSocket connection, and updates the component position and attribute information in the local BIM model; (2) Conflict Detection: Before updating the model, the plug-in will perform conflict detection to ensure that the modification operation will not conflict with the operations of other designers; if a conflict is detected, the plug-in will warn the user and provide a solution; (3) Error handling: The plug-in has a complete error handling mechanism that can capture and handle various error situations that may occur during the model synchronization process, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

5. The cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific implementation process of data compression and encryption is as follows: 1) Data compression: Before sending data, the front-end web app and cloud server compress the BIM model data to reduce the amount of data transmitted; 2) Data encryption: To ensure data security during transmission and prevent illegal interception and tampering, encryption technology is used during data transmission. All data transmitted over the network will be encrypted, and only the recipient with the corresponding decryption key can decrypt and read the data content.

6. The cloud platform-based BIM model remote collaborative design and real-time modification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The concurrent control sightline strategy includes: 1) Optimistic locking: Set a version number or timestamp for each key field in the BIM model data table. When a user attempts to modify data, the system first checks whether the version number or timestamp of the field is consistent with that in the database. If they are consistent, it means that no other user is currently modifying the data and the update can be performed. If they are inconsistent, it means that another user has already modified the data, and the user needs to be prompted to reload the data or resolve the conflict. 2) Transaction Processing: For complex modification operations, a transaction processing mechanism is used to ensure data consistency and integrity. Transaction processing includes starting a transaction, executing the modification operation, and committing the transaction. Before committing a transaction, the system verifies and tests the modification operation to ensure that no constraints are violated or data inconsistencies are caused. If an error or conflict occurs, the system rolls back the transaction to its pre-start state to maintain data consistency. 3) Queue mechanism: To alleviate the processing pressure of cloud servers and improve concurrent processing capabilities, a queue mechanism is introduced in cloud servers. When a user sends a modification request, the cloud server will place the request in a pending queue. Then, the cloud server will take the request out of the queue for processing according to a certain strategy.

Images