Method and system for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on cosmic muon tunnel stratum monitoring early warning method and system, it obtains the average value and standard deviation of surface cosmic muon flux first, then real-time acquisition is monitored point in each preset time period Tunnel cosmic muon flux, based on the average value of surface cosmic muon flux and tunnel cosmic muon flux Calculation obtains the muon flux attenuation value in each preset time period, if the muon flux attenuation value in a certain preset time period exceeds preset threshold range, then judge stratum suspect to appear change, trigger overrun alarm, using cosmic muon flux attenuation value as monitoring index, its change directly reflects the change of stratum structure, without relying on complex geological survey, and the stability of muon detector is strong, service life is long, very suitable for needing continuous, stable monitoring tunnel stratum safety monitoring project, significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of tunnel stratum monitoring result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning, in particular, relates to a method and system for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons, an electronic device and a computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, tunnels are important hubs of urban traffic, and their safe operation is directly related to the normal operation of urban life and public safety. During the operation of the tunnel, the stratum conditions may change due to factors such as seismic activity, adjacent construction disturbance, material aging, etc., which may affect the stability of the tunnel structure, and in severe cases may even lead to tunnel collapse. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the monitoring and early warning of stratum changes during tunnel operation. The traditional monitoring and early warning method during tunnel operation mainly adopts a combination of manual patrol and regular measurement, and professional personnel periodically enter the tunnel to visually inspect the integrity of the tunnel lining, water seepage conditions, and signs of ground subsidence, etc., while using leveling instruments, total stations and other measuring equipment to monitor the displacement of key points in the tunnel to obtain quantitative data on the deformation of the tunnel structure. However, the state change of the tunnel lining is often a reflection of the accumulation of stratum changes to a certain extent, and it is not possible to capture early signs of stratum changes in a timely manner, thus missing the best opportunity for prevention and intervention, and regular measurement data, although accurate, has a long time interval between data, which cannot provide timely early warning of sudden stratum changes.

[0003] Currently, sensors have been buried in tunnel segments or soil to achieve real-time remote monitoring of stratum conditions, or sensors have been placed in drilled holes at monitoring points to monitor stratum changes. For example, patent CN108825304A discloses a long-term health monitoring system for shield tunnel stratum stability and tunnel structure, which monitors the state of the segment by placing soil pressure gauges, osmotic pressure gauges, stress gauges, strain gauges, crack gauges and other sensors inside and on the surface of the segment to determine the stability of the stratum; patent CN117870608A discloses a stratum deformation early warning method and system, which measures the change in stratum migration parameters by placing buried wireless induction devices at multiple monitoring points, calculates the theoretical change value for one monitoring point, compares the measured data of other points with the theoretical value, and thus performs stratum deformation early warning. However, the existing method of monitoring stratum changes through sensors has difficulty in timely repair and replacement once the sensors fail or are damaged, which will result in missing or interruption of monitoring data, and as time goes by, the measurement accuracy of the sensors will decrease, affecting the reliability of the monitoring results, in addition, the accuracy of the monitoring results depends on the accuracy of the geological parameters, which are difficult to obtain accurately in actual application, thus resulting in poor accuracy of the monitoring results. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning method and system based on cosmic muons, an electronic device and a computer readable storage medium, which can significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of the tunnel stratum monitoring result.

[0005] According to one aspect of the application, a tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning method based on cosmic muons is provided, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0006] The cosmic muon flux above the ground surface of the monitoring point is collected within a period of time, and the average value and the standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux are calculated;

[0007] The tunnel cosmic muon flux of the monitoring point is collected within each preset time period;

[0008] The muon flux decay value within each preset time period is calculated based on the average value of the ground cosmic muon flux and the tunnel cosmic muon flux, and if the muon flux decay value within a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an overrun alarm is triggered.

[0009] Further, the following steps are further included:

[0010] After triggering the overrun alarm, the cosmic muon flux above the ground surface of the monitoring point is collected again within a period of time, and the average value and the new value of the standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux are calculated, the new average value is compared with the old average value, if the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, a stratum change alarm is triggered, and if the difference between the two is greater than three times the old standard deviation, the new average value and the standard deviation replace the old average value and the standard deviation for analysis and calculation.

[0011] Further, the following steps are further included:

[0012] A series of muon flux decay values of the monitoring point are obtained, and a prediction model is used to predict the muon flux decay value of the next time period based on the series of muon flux decay values, and if the predicted muon flux decay value of the next time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an overrun early warning is triggered.

[0013] Further, the expression of the prediction model is:

[0014] Y t =φ1Y t-1 +φ2Y t-2 +…+φ p Y t-p +ε t -θ1ε t-1 -…-θ q ε t-q

[0015] wherein Y tdenotes the muon flux decay value of the tth time period, ε t denotes the error of the tth time period, p and q respectively denote the order of autoregression and moving average, determined by autocorrelation coefficient and partial autocorrelation coefficient, φ i and θ i denote the autoregression coefficient and moving average coefficient, solved by least square estimation method.

[0016] Further, the preset threshold range of the muon flux decay value is: wherein, h a denotes the preset threshold range, and σ a respectively denote the average value and standard deviation of the muon flux decay value of the monitoring point in the initial monitoring stage.

[0017] Further, the process of collecting the cosmic ray muon flux above the ground surface of the monitoring point within a period of time comprises the following contents:

[0018] A flat and unobstructed area above the ground surface of the monitoring point is selected to deploy a muon detector, the muon detector is started to continuously measure, the flux value of the cosmic ray muon is recorded once an hour, and the cosmic ray muon flux is calculated based on the following formula: wherein, I denotes the cosmic ray muon flux, N denotes the number of muons measured within an hour, S denotes the effective detection area of the muon detector, and Δt denotes the measurement time.

[0019] In addition, the present application also provides a system for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons, comprising:

[0020] The ground muon data acquisition module is used to collect the cosmic ray muon flux above the ground surface of the monitoring point within a period of time, and calculate the average value and standard deviation of the ground cosmic ray muon flux.

[0021] The tunnel muon data acquisition module is used to collect the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux of the monitoring point within each preset time period.

[0022] The muon data calculation and overrun alarm module is used to calculate the muon flux decay value within each preset time period based on the average value of the ground cosmic ray muon flux and the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux, and if the muon flux decay value within a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an overrun alarm is triggered.

[0023] Further, it further comprises:

[0024] The stratum change alarm module is used for collecting the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitoring point in a period of time after triggering the overrun alarm, calculating a new average value and a new standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux, comparing the new average value with the old average value, triggering the stratum change alarm if the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, and replacing the old average value and the old standard deviation with the new average value and the new standard deviation for analysis and calculation if the difference between the two is greater than three times the old standard deviation.

[0025] In addition, the application further provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the steps of the method by invoking the computer program stored in the memory.

[0026] In addition, the application further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of the method when running on a computer.

[0027] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons provided by the application uses the cosmic ray muon flux decay value as a monitoring index, and the change of the monitoring index directly reflects the change of the stratum structure, so that the method does not need to rely on complex geological survey, and the muon detector has strong stability and long service life, and is very suitable for tunnel stratum safety monitoring projects that need continuous and stable monitoring, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the tunnel stratum monitoring result.

[0029] In addition, the system for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons provided by the application also has the above advantages.

[0030] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the application has other objects, features and advantages. The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and are incorporated herein for explanation by reference. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons according to the preferred embodiment of the application.

[0033] Figure 2 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of deploying a muon detector in a tunnel according to the preferred embodiment of the application.

[0034] Figure 3 is another flowchart of a method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 4 is still another flowchart of a method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 is a module structure diagram of a system for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Legend of reference signs

[0038] 1, tunnel; 2, segment; 3, muon detector; 4, network cable; 5, switch; 6, monitoring center PC. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , the preferred embodiments of the present application provide a method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons, including the following contents:

[0041] Step S1: collecting the cosmic muon flux above the ground surface of the monitoring point within a period of time, and calculating the average value and standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux;

[0042] Step S2: collecting the tunnel cosmic muon flux of the monitoring point within each preset time period;

[0043] Step S3: calculating the muon flux decay value within each preset time period based on the average value of the ground cosmic muon flux and the tunnel cosmic muon flux, and triggering an overrun alarm if the muon flux decay value within a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range.

[0044] It can be understood that the method for monitoring and early warning of the tunnel stratum based on cosmic muons in the embodiment first collects the cosmic muon flux above the ground surface of the monitoring point in a period of time, and calculates the average value and the standard deviation of the cosmic muon flux on the ground surface, which are used as the reference data for subsequent muon flux decay calculation. Then, the tunnel cosmic muon flux of the monitoring point in each preset time period is collected in real time, and the muon flux decay value in each preset time period is calculated based on the average value of the cosmic muon flux on the ground surface and the tunnel cosmic muon flux. Since the muon loses energy when passing through the stratum, the greater the density of the material, the greater the energy loss per unit length of the muon in the material, and the higher the muon flux decay. Therefore, the change of the stratum can be judged according to the degree of muon flux decay. If the muon flux decay value in a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, it is judged that the stratum is suspected to change, and an overrun alarm is triggered, so that real-time monitoring and early warning of the stratum structure change can be realized, and a solid technical support is provided for quickly identifying and effectively dealing with potential stratum safety hazards. Therefore, the method for monitoring and early warning of the tunnel stratum based on cosmic muons uses the muon flux decay value as the monitoring index, and the change thereof directly reflects the change of the stratum structure, without relying on complex geological exploration. Moreover, the muon detector has strong stability and long service life, and is very suitable for the tunnel stratum safety monitoring project which needs continuous and stable monitoring, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the tunnel stratum monitoring result.

[0045] It can be understood that in the step S1, a muon detector is deployed on a flat and unobstructed area above the ground surface of each monitoring point, and the muon detector is started to continuously measure, for example, for 24 hours, the flux value of cosmic muons is recorded once an hour, and the cosmic muon flux is calculated based on the following formula: wherein I represents the cosmic muon flux, N represents the number of muons measured in an hour, S represents the effective detection area of the muon detector, and Δt represents the measurement time. Then, the average value I and the standard deviation σ of the cosmic muon flux on the ground surface of each monitoring point are calculated I which are used as the reference data for subsequent muon flux decay calculation.

[0046] It can be understood that in the step S2, the muon detector is installed directly above the tunnel segment of each monitoring point, with the detection surface horizontally upward, to measure the muon information passing through the overlying stratum in real time, and the cosmic muon flux data in the tunnel is automatically calculated once every predetermined time period (for example, every hour), and the muon flux data is transmitted to the PC end of the monitoring center. The deployment diagram of the muon detector in the tunnel is as shown in Figure 2As shown, a plurality of muon detectors 3 are arranged on the pipe section 2 in the tunnel 1, the plurality of muon detectors 3 are connected with a switch 5 through a network cable 4, the switch 5 serves as a communication hub, and transmits the muon information collected by each detector to a monitoring center PC end 6 through a network port communication mode, and a remote client can perform network browsing and real-time monitoring of the monitoring data through the Internet. The muon detector 3 includes a dark box, a data acquisition and processing module, and a muon detection module, the muon detection module is composed of a plastic scintillator, when the cosmic ray muon enters the dark box and passes through the detection module, the plastic scintillator is excited to generate photons, the data acquisition and processing module collects the photon signals and performs amplification, filtering, flux calculation and processing, so as to collect the muon information. It can be understood that by directly installing the muon detector on the tunnel pipe section, the subsequent maintenance and replacement work is greatly facilitated, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the plastic scintillator muon detector has strong stability and long service life, which is very suitable for continuous and stable monitoring of the tunnel and stratum safety monitoring project.

[0047] It can be understood that in the step S3, the muon will lose energy when passing through the material, the greater the density of the material, the greater the energy loss per unit length of the muon in the material, and the higher the flux attenuation, so the stratum change can be judged according to the flux attenuation. Specifically, the muon flux attenuation value of each preset time period is calculated based on the following formula: ΔI = I - I t , wherein ΔI represents the muon flux attenuation value, I t is the muon flux value in the tth time period measured in the step S2. Then, the muon flux attenuation value in each time period is compared with the preset threshold range, if the muon flux attenuation value in a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, it is preliminarily judged that the stratum is suspected to change, and an overrun alarm is triggered, if the muon flux attenuation value in a certain preset time period is within the preset threshold range, it is judged that the stratum does not change, and no alarm is triggered.

[0048] Optionally, for each monitoring point to be monitored, the muon flux attenuation data in the initial monitoring stage is counted, the initial monitoring stage represents a stage in which the stratum has not changed, and then the average value I a and the standard deviation σ a of the muon flux attenuation data in the initial monitoring stage are calculated, so that the preset threshold range h a of the muon flux attenuation value of the monitoring point to be monitored is determined as: h a = I a ± 3σ a , when the muon flux attenuation value of the monitoring point to be monitored in a certain time period exceeds h a , an overrun early warning is triggered.

[0049] Optionally, as Figure 3As shown, the method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons further includes the following contents:

[0050] Step S4: After triggering the overrun alarm, the cosmic muon flux above the ground of the monitoring point is collected again within a period of time, and the average value and the new value of the standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux are calculated. The new average value is compared with the old average value. If the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, a stratum change alarm is triggered. If the difference between the two is greater than three times the old standard deviation, the new average value and the standard deviation replace the old average value and the standard deviation for analysis and calculation.

[0051] It can be understood that the comparison between the muon flux decay value obtained based on real-time measurement and the preset threshold range in the above step S3 can only accurately determine the abnormality of the muon flux decay value. The abnormality of the muon flux decay value may be caused by the change of the stratum structure, or may be caused by the change of the number of cosmic muons reaching the region. Therefore, after the overrun alarm is triggered, the muon detector is used again to continuously measure the ground above the alarm monitoring point for a period of time, and the average value and the standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux within the period of time are calculated. The new average value is compared with the old average value. If the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, it is determined that the overrun of the muon flux decay value is caused by the change of the stratum, and a stratum change alarm is started. If the difference between the two is more than three times the old standard deviation, it is determined that the overrun of the muon flux decay value is caused by the change of the number of cosmic muons reaching the region. At this time, the reference data needs to be updated, that is, the new value of the flux average value and the standard deviation replaces the old value, and the new flux average value and the standard deviation are used for subsequent analysis and calculation. I I

[0052] It can be understood that after triggering the overrun alarm, the new value of the average value and the standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux of the alarm point is collected again by the present application, and the new average value is compared with the old average value for analysis, so that it can be accurately determined whether the overrun of the muon flux decay value is caused by the change of the stratum structure or by the change of the number of cosmic muons reaching the region, thereby improving the accuracy of the tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning.

[0053] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 the method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic muons further includes the following contents:

[0054] Step S5: For each monitoring point, a series of muon flux decay values of the monitoring point are obtained, and a prediction model is used to predict the muon flux decay value of the next time period based on the series of muon flux decay values. If the predicted muon flux decay value of the next time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an overrun early warning is triggered.

[0055] ​​Specifically, for each monitoring point, a series of historical muon flux attenuation values of the monitoring point are collected, and an ARMA prediction model is constructed as follows:

[0056] Y t = φ1Y t-1 + φ2Y t-2 + … + φ p Y t-p + ε t - θ1ε t-1 - … - θ q ε t-q

[0057] wherein Y t represents the muon flux attenuation value of the tth time period, ε t represents the error of the tth time period, p and q represent the order of autoregression and moving average respectively, φ i and θ i represent the autoregression coefficient and moving average coefficient, and are solved by the least square estimation method. Based on the historical muon flux attenuation value and the ARMA prediction model, the muon flux attenuation value of the next time period can be accurately predicted, and the predicted muon flux attenuation value is compared with the preset threshold range, so that the stratum change early warning can be performed.

[0058] It can be understood that for each monitoring point, the application also collects a series of historical muon flux attenuation values of the monitoring point, and constructs a prediction model, and uses the historical attenuation data and the prediction model to predict the attenuation data of the next time, so that the early warning of the stratum change can be realized, and the reliability of the tunnel stratum monitoring is further improved. In addition, all the overrun alarms, stratum change alarms and early warning information are transmitted to the client in real time through the network, so that the user can quickly understand and respond to the alarm and early warning information.

[0059] In addition, as Figure 5 shown, another embodiment of the application also provides a system for monitoring and early warning of a tunnel stratum based on cosmic muons, which preferably adopts the method for monitoring and early warning of a tunnel stratum based on cosmic muons as described above, and the system comprises:

[0060] a ground muon data collection module for collecting cosmic muon fluxes above the ground of the monitoring point within a period of time, and calculating the average value and the standard deviation of the ground cosmic muon flux;

[0061] a tunnel muon data collection module for collecting tunnel cosmic muon fluxes of the monitoring point within each preset time period;

[0062] The muon data calculation and overrun alarm module is used to calculate the muon flux decay value in each preset time period based on the average value of the surface cosmic ray muon flux and the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux, and triggers an overrun alarm if the muon flux decay value in a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range.

[0063] It can be understood that the method for monitoring and early warning of the tunnel stratum based on cosmic ray muons in the embodiment first collects the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitoring point in a period of time, and calculates the average value and the standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux, which is used as the reference data for subsequent muon flux decay calculation. Then, the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux of the monitoring point in each preset time period is collected in real time, and the muon flux decay value in each preset time period is calculated based on the average value of the surface cosmic ray muon flux and the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux. Since the muon loses energy when passing through the stratum, the greater the material density, the greater the energy loss per unit length of the muon in the material, and the higher the muon flux decay. Therefore, the change of the stratum can be judged according to the degree of muon flux decay. If the muon flux decay value in a certain preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, it is judged that the stratum is suspected to change, and an overrun alarm is triggered, so that real-time monitoring and early warning of the stratum structure change can be realized, which provides a solid technical guarantee for quickly identifying and effectively dealing with potential stratum safety hazards. Therefore, the system for monitoring and early warning of the tunnel stratum based on cosmic ray muons uses the muon flux decay value as the monitoring index, and the change thereof directly reflects the change of the stratum structure, without relying on complex geological exploration. Moreover, the muon detector has strong stability and long service life, and is very suitable for tunnel stratum safety monitoring projects that require continuous and stable monitoring, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the tunnel stratum monitoring results.

[0064] Optionally, the system for monitoring and early warning of the tunnel stratum based on cosmic ray muons further comprises:

[0065] The stratum change alarm module is used to, after triggering the overrun alarm, collect the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitoring point in a period of time again, and calculate the new average value and the new standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux. The new average value is compared with the old average value, and if the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, a stratum change alarm is triggered, and if the difference between the two is greater than three times the old standard deviation, the new average value and the new standard deviation replace the old average value and the old standard deviation for analysis and calculation.

[0066] In addition, the system for monitoring and early warning of the tunnel stratum based on cosmic ray muons further comprises:

[0067] The muon flux attenuation prediction module is configured to acquire a series of muon flux attenuation values of the monitoring point, and predict a muon flux attenuation value of a next time period based on the series of muon flux attenuation values by using a prediction model, and trigger an out-of-limit alarm if the predicted muon flux attenuation value of the next time period is out of a preset threshold range.

[0068] It can be understood that the various modules of the system embodiments correspond to the various steps of the method embodiments described above, and thus the specific working principles of the various modules will not be described here again, and the corresponding reference can be made to the various steps of the method embodiments described above.

[0069] In addition, another embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the steps of the method described above by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

[0070] In addition, another embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for monitoring and early warning of a tunnel stratum based on muons of cosmic rays, the computer program executes the steps of the method described above when running on a computer.

[0071] The forms of the general computer-readable storage medium include floppy disks, flexible disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, any other magnetic media, CD-ROMs, any other optical media, punch cards, paper tapes, any other physical media with patterns of holes, random access memories (RAMs), programmable read-only memories (PROMs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), FLASH-EPROMs, any other memory chips or cartridges, or any other computer-readable media. The instructions can be further transmitted or received by a transmission medium. The term transmission medium includes any tangible or non-tangible medium that can be used to store, encode, or carry the instructions for execution by a machine, and includes digital or analog communication signals transmitted via wired or wireless communication links. The transmission medium includes a coaxial cable, a copper wire, and a fiber optic cable, including the wires that comprise a bus that carry the digital data signal.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the application can be devised for a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application can be embodied in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, etc.) embodying computer readable program code. Embodiments of the present application can be implemented with various computer program languages such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript, etc.

[0073] The present application is described in reference to the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams according to the embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams.

[0074] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer- readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams.

[0075] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams.

[0076] While the preferred embodiments of the application have been described, additional variations and modifications can be made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

[0077] Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.

[0078] The above description is only preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can have various changes and modifications, which should be included in the scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons, characterized in that: Includes the following: Collect the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitoring point over a period of time, and calculate the average value and standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux; Collect the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux of the monitoring point in each preset time period; The muon flux attenuation value in each preset time period is calculated based on the average value of the surface cosmic ray muon flux and the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux. If the muon flux attenuation value in a preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an over-limit alarm is triggered; Also included: After the over-limit alarm is triggered, the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitored point for a period of time is collected again, and the new values ​​of the average value and standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux are calculated. The new average value is compared with the old average value. If the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, the formation change alarm is triggered. If the difference between the two is greater than three times the old standard deviation, the new average value and standard deviation replace the old average value and standard deviation for analysis and calculation.

2. The method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included: A series of muon flux attenuation values ​​are obtained for the monitoring point, and a prediction model is used to predict the muon flux attenuation value for the next time period based on the series of muon flux attenuation values. If the predicted muon flux attenuation value for the next time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an over-limit warning is triggered.

3. The method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression of the prediction model is: Y t =φ1Y t-1 +φ2Y t-2 +…+φ p Y t-p +e t -θ1ε t-1 -…-θ q e t-q Among them, Y t represents the muon flux attenuation value in the t-th time period, ε t represents the error in the t-th time period, p and q represent the order of autoregression and moving average, respectively, which are determined by the autocorrelation coefficient and partial autocorrelation coefficient, φ i and θ i Represents the autoregressive coefficient and the moving average coefficient, which are solved using the least squares estimation method.

4. The method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset threshold range of the muon flux decay value is: Among them, h a Indicates the preset threshold range, and σ a They represent the mean and standard deviation of the muon flux attenuation values ​​of the monitored point in the initial monitoring stage.

5. The method for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of collecting the cosmic ray muon flux over a period of time above the surface of the monitoring point includes the following: Select a flat and unobstructed area above the surface of the monitoring point to deploy the muon detector. Start the muon detector for continuous measurement, record the cosmic ray muon flux value once an hour, and calculate the cosmic ray muon flux based on the following formula: Where I represents the cosmic ray muon flux, N represents the number of muons measured within one hour, S represents the effective detection area of ​​the muon detector, and Δt represents the measurement time.

6. A system for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons, characterized in that: include: The surface muon data acquisition module is used to collect the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitoring point over a period of time and calculate the average value and standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux; The tunnel muon data acquisition module is used to collect the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux of the monitoring point in each preset time period; The muon data calculation and over-limit alarm module is used to calculate the muon flux attenuation value in each preset time period based on the average value of the surface cosmic ray muon flux and the tunnel cosmic ray muon flux. If the muon flux attenuation value in a preset time period exceeds the preset threshold range, an over-limit alarm is triggered; The formation change alarm module is used to collect the cosmic ray muon flux above the surface of the monitored point over a period of time after the over-limit alarm is triggered, and calculate the new value of the average value and standard deviation of the surface cosmic ray muon flux, and compare the new average value with the old average value. If the difference between the two is less than three times the old standard deviation, the formation change alarm is triggered. If the difference between the two is greater than three times the old standard deviation, the new average value and standard deviation will replace the old average value and standard deviation for analysis and calculation.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

8. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for tunnel stratum monitoring and early warning based on cosmic ray muons, characterized in that: When the computer program is run on a computer, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are executed.

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