Beam training method and device and computer readable storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a beam training method and device and a computer readable storage medium, relates to the technical field of communication, and can effectively reduce the overhead of beam training in a near-field scene. The method comprises the following steps: sending a measurement reference signal through a plurality of first beams; receiving a first measurement result sent by the second node; the first measurement result is used for indicating the number of beams meeting a preset condition in the plurality of first beams and an optimal beam in the plurality of first beams; sending a measurement reference signal through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used for scanning a target area determined based on the number of the beams; receiving a second measurement result sent by the second node; the second measurement result is used for indicating the optimal beam in the plurality of second beams. The present disclosure can be used in a wireless communication process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a beam training method, device, and computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The ultra-large-scale multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system can focus the signal in a specific direction through beamforming technology, improving the received signal quality and spectrum efficiency of the user equipment (UE). In order to determine the optimal beam direction of the base station (BS), beam training is required between the base station and the UE to determine the optimal beam.

[0003] As the aperture of the base station antenna array increases, users will appear in the near field range of the BS with a greater probability. In the near field scenario, electromagnetic waves have spherical wave characteristics, which means that the beam can be focused not only at different angles but also at different distances. This will increase the number of candidate beams exponentially, and the overhead of beam training is relatively large. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a beam training method, an apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium, which can effectively reduce the overhead of beam training in a near-field scenario.

[0005] On the one hand, a beam training method is provided, which is applied to a first node and includes:

[0006] Sending a measurement reference signal via a plurality of first beams;

[0007] receiving a first measurement result sent by the second node; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition among the multiple first beams and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams;

[0008] Sending a measurement reference signal through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of beams;

[0009] A second measurement result sent by the second node is received; the second measurement result is used to indicate an optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0010] On the other hand, a beam training method is provided, which is applied to a second node and includes:

[0011] measuring a measurement reference signal sent by the first node through a plurality of first beams;

[0012] Sending a first measurement result; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams in the plurality of first beams that meet a preset condition, and the optimal beam in the plurality of first beams;

[0013] measuring a measurement reference signal sent by a second node through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of beams;

[0014] A second measurement result is sent; the second measurement result is used to indicate an optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0015] On the other hand, a beam training method is provided, which is applied to a first node and includes:

[0016] A measurement reference signal is sent through multiple beams on a transmission bandwidth; the transmission bandwidth is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy a quasi co-location (QCL) relationship on different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions on different sub-frequency bands;

[0017] A measurement result sent by the second node is received; the measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple beams.

[0018] On the other hand, a beam training method is provided, which is applied to a second node, comprising:

[0019] Measuring a measurement reference signal sent by the first node through multiple sub-beams of the multiple beams; the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands;

[0020] Sending measurement results; the measurement results are used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet preset conditions and the best sub-beam among multiple beams.

[0021] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, including: a sending module and a receiving module.

[0022] The sending module is used to send a measurement reference signal through a plurality of first beams;

[0023] The receiving module is used to receive a first measurement result sent by the second node; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition among the multiple first beams, and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams;

[0024] The sending module is further used to send a measurement reference signal through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of beams;

[0025] The receiving module is further used to receive a second measurement result sent by the second node; the second measurement result is used to indicate an optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0026] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, including: a measuring module and a sending module.

[0027] The measurement module is used to measure a measurement reference signal sent by the first node through multiple first beams;

[0028] The sending module is used to send a first measurement result; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition among the multiple first beams, and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams;

[0029] The measurement module is used to measure the measurement reference signal sent by the second node through the multiple second beams; the multiple second beams are used to scan the target area determined based on the number of beams;

[0030] The sending module is further used to send a second measurement result; the second measurement result is used to indicate the optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0031] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, including: a sending module and a receiving module.

[0032] The sending module is used to send a measurement reference signal through multiple beams on a transmission bandwidth; the transmission bandwidth is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands;

[0033] The receiving module is used to receive the measurement result sent by the second node; the measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple beams.

[0034] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, including: a measuring module and a sending module.

[0035] The measurement module is used to measure the measurement reference signal sent by the first node through multiple sub-beams of the multiple beams; the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands;

[0036] The sending module is used to send the measurement result; the measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple beams.

[0037] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory and the processor are coupled; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor implements the beam training method described in any one of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0038] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the beam training method described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0039] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the beam training method described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0040] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a beam training method, in which a first node sends a measurement reference signal to a second node through multiple first beams. Reciprocally, the first node can receive a first measurement result sent by the second node, and the first measurement result can indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition. The first node can send a measurement reference signal to scan the target area through multiple second beams based on the target area determined by the number of beams, and then receive the measurement result of the second node. The number of beams fed back by the second node in the method provided by the present disclosure can reflect the approximate location of the second node. The first node determines the target area to be scanned by the second round of beam scanning through the first round of beam scanning, and then can perform a second round of scanning on the target area in a targeted manner. This can reduce the number of candidate beams and effectively reduce the overhead of beam training in near-field scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 2 A flowchart of a beam training method provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 3 A flowchart of another beam training method provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of beam scanning provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a beam gain curve at different distances provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 6A schematic diagram of beam curves in different frequency bands provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a QCL relationship provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic diagram comparing two implementation methods provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] Fig. 9 A flowchart of another beam training method provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] Fig.10 A flowchart of another beam training method provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0052] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0053] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0054] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0055] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0056] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will be combined with the drawings in the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0059] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0060] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more.

[0061] Massive MIMO is a key technology in the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) mobile communication system. Its core feature is that a large number of antennas are configured on the base station. The base station can use beamforming technology to concentrate the signal power in a specific area to improve the signal quality and communication rate. In the process of beamforming, in order to determine the best beam (that is, the beam pointing closest to the terminal location), beam training is required between the base station and the user equipment (UE). During the beam training process, the base station needs to send multiple beams with different directions, and each beam carries a predefined reference signal. The UE measures the reference signal and feeds back the indication information of each beam, and the base station can then refer to the beam indication information to determine the optimal beam.

[0062] In order to further improve the performance of communication systems, ultra-large-scale MIMO is regarded as a key technology for future mobile communication systems. Hundreds or thousands of antennas are deployed on ultra-large-scale MIMO systems, which can bring higher beamforming gain. However, as the aperture of the antenna array increases, beam training faces a large overhead for the following reasons.

[0063] On the one hand, according to classical antenna theory, the width of the main lobe of the beam is inversely proportional to the aperture of the antenna array. A larger antenna array will make the main lobe of the beam narrower, which means that more scans are required to cover the scan area during beam training, that is, there are more candidate beam directions, resulting in an increase in the overhead of beam training. On the other hand, as the aperture of the antenna array increases, the near-field coverage of the base station also increases, and the UE is more likely to be located in the near field. In the existing scheme, only the scenario where the UE is located in the far field of the base station is considered. At this time, the electromagnetic wave can be regarded as a plane wave, and the beam can only be focused at different angles. In the scenario where the UE is located in the near field of the base station, the electromagnetic wave has the characteristics of a spherical wave, and the beam must consider not only the focusing angle, but also the focusing distance. If an exhaustive method is used to scan the beam at all possible angles and distances, the number of candidate beams is large, which will also lead to a significant increase in the overhead of beam training.

[0064] In response to the problem of excessive beam training overhead, the current solution adopts a phased approach to beam training. First, the base station sends a small number of wide beams for beam scanning, narrows the possible range of the optimal beam direction based on UE feedback, and sends a narrower beam for beam scanning in the next stage. However, the current solutions are all based on far-field scenarios, that is, only considering beam scanning in the angle dimension, and the current solutions are not applicable to near-field scenarios. The applicant's research found that when the UE is in the near field, when the base station uses the beamforming weights focused on the far field for beam scanning, the UE can measure multiple beams with similar power sizes on multiple beams during measurement. And the more beams there are, the closer the terminal is to the base station.

[0065] Based on this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a beam training method, in which a first node sends a measurement reference signal to a second node through multiple first beams. Reciprocally, the first node can receive a first measurement result sent by the second node, and the first measurement result can indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition. The first node can send a measurement reference signal to scan the target area through multiple second beams based on the target area determined by the number of beams, and then receive the measurement result of the second node. The number of beams fed back by the second node in the method provided by the present disclosure can reflect the approximate location of the second node. The first node determines the target area to be scanned by the second round of beam scanning through the first round of beam scanning, and then can perform a second round of scanning on the target area in a targeted manner. This can reduce the number of candidate beams and effectively reduce the overhead of beam training in near-field scenarios.

[0066] The network architecture of the mobile communication system (including but not limited to 5G and future 6G mobile communication systems) in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include a first node and a second node. In some examples, the first node may be a base station and the second node may be a terminal / UE. In other examples, the first node may be a UE and the second node may be a base station. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0067] The following description is made by taking the first node as a base station and the second node as a terminal as an example.

[0068] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the communication system includes a base station and a UE. The base station and the UE may be connected via a wireless network. The wireless network may be supported by a router, a switch, or other devices that facilitate communication between the base station and the UE, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0069] In some embodiments, a base station is used to provide wireless access services for UEs. Specifically, a base station provides a service coverage area (also called a cell). UEs entering the area can communicate with the base station via wireless signals to receive wireless access services provided by the base station.

[0070] In some embodiments, the base station may be a millimeter wave base station, an evolution nodeB (eNB), a next generation nodeB (gNB), a transmission receive point (TRP), a transmission point (TP), and some other access node. According to the size of the service coverage area provided, the base station can be divided into a macro base station for providing macro cells (Macro cells), a micro base station for providing micro cells (Pico cells), and a femto base station for providing femto cells (Femto cells). With the continuous evolution of wireless communication technology, future base stations may also adopt other names. The signal coverage range of the base station also includes near field and far field. The UE can be in the near field range or in the far field range.

[0071] In some embodiments, the UE may be a device with wireless transceiver functions, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. The embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific types of UEs.

[0072] It should be understood that Figure 1 is an exemplary structural diagram, Figure 1The communication system shown includes an unlimited number of devices, for example, an unlimited number of base stations and an unlimited number of UEs. Figure 1 In addition to the equipment shown, Figure 1 The communication system shown may also include other devices, which is not limited thereto.

[0073] Figure 2 The following is a flow chart of a beam training method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 In the communication system shown in FIG. Figure 1 In the base station.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure may specifically include the following steps:

[0075] S201. A first node sends a measurement reference signal through multiple first beams.

[0076] In some embodiments, in a near-field scenario, the first node may perform beam scanning in an angular dimension, and send a measurement reference signal through multiple first beams to obtain the position of the UE in the angular dimension. That is, the first node uses the beamforming weights for focusing on the far field in the related technology to achieve multiple first beams at different angles.

[0077] It should be noted that the above-mentioned beam scanning in the angle dimension to determine the position of the UE in the angle dimension can be performed in two rounds of scanning according to the solution of the relevant technology, that is, the first node first sends a small number of wide beams for beam scanning, determines the possible range of the UE in the angle dimension according to the measurement results fed back by the UE, and sends a narrower beam in the next node to perform beam scanning on the possible range to determine the best beam direction, that is, the position of the UE in the angle dimension. It can also be performed in one round of scanning, directly using a narrow beam to scan all possible angles to determine the best beam direction, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this implementation.

[0078] S202: The first node receives a first measurement result sent by the second node.

[0079] The first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet preset conditions among the multiple first beams, and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams.

[0080] In some embodiments, the first node may receive a first measurement result of the second node measuring multiple first beams. The first measurement result may be used to indicate the optimal beam among the multiple first beams (for example, the first measurement result includes a beam identifier corresponding to the optimal beam), and may also indicate the number of beams that meet preset conditions. Among them, the direction of the optimal beam among the first beams reflects the position information of the second node in the angular dimension. The beam meeting the preset conditions means that the beam can be used as a subsequent working beam, and the first node and the second node can communicate through the working beam.

[0081] In some embodiments, the preset condition is: the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam is greater than a first threshold value. Alternatively, the difference between the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam and the maximum signal receiving power is less than a second threshold value, and the maximum signal receiving power is the maximum signal receiving power corresponding to the optimal beam.

[0082] S203: The first node sends a measurement reference signal through multiple second beams.

[0083] The plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of beams.

[0084] In some embodiments, as described above, the number of beams that meet the preset conditions in the first measurement result can reflect the approximate position of the UE in the distance dimension (i.e., the target area). After obtaining the number of beams fed back by the second node, the first node can refer to the number of beams, determine the target area to be scanned according to the number of beams, and then send a measurement reference signal through multiple second beams to scan the target area.

[0085] In some embodiments, a larger number of beams indicates that the second node is closer to the first node.

[0086] It should be noted that the specific reason why the number of beams that meet the preset conditions can reflect the approximate position of the UE in the distance dimension can be found in the description of the relevant content below and will not be elaborated here.

[0087] S204: The first node receives a second measurement result sent by the second node.

[0088] The second measurement result is used to indicate the optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0089] In some embodiments, the first node may receive a second measurement result of the second node measuring the plurality of second beams, wherein the second measurement result indicates the best beam among the plurality of second beams, in other words, the best beam reflects the position information of the second node in the distance dimension.

[0090] At this point, through the angular position of the second node determined in S202 and the distance position of the second node determined in S204, the position of the second node in the angular dimension and distance position and the optimal beam direction pointing to the second node can be accurately determined in the near-field scenario to complete the beam training.

[0091] Figure 3 A flowchart of another beam training method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Exemplarily, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 In the communication system shown in FIG. Figure 1 In the UE.

[0092] like Figure 3 As shown, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure may specifically include the following steps:

[0093] S301. A second node measures a measurement reference signal sent by a first node through multiple first beams.

[0094] S302: The second node sends a first measurement result.

[0095] The first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet preset conditions among the multiple first beams, and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams.

[0096] With respect to the above S301 and S302, the second node may measure the multiple first beams of the first node to obtain the received signal power of one or more beams in the multiple first beams. Further, the number of beams that meet the preset conditions and the optimal beam in the multiple first beams are determined according to the received signal power of each beam, and a first measurement result is generated and sent to the first node.

[0097] S303: The second node sends a measurement reference signal for measuring the second node sent through multiple second beams.

[0098] S304: The second node sends a second measurement result.

[0099] The second measurement result is used to indicate the optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0100] With respect to the above S303 and S304, the second node may measure the multiple second beams of the first node to obtain the received signal power of one or more beams in the multiple second beams. Further, the optimal beam in the multiple second beams is determined according to the received signal power of each beam, and a second measurement result is generated and sent to the first node.

[0101] A beam training method is provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a first node sends a measurement reference signal to a second node through a plurality of first beams, and correspondingly, the first node can receive a first measurement result sent by the second node, and the first measurement result can indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition. The first node can determine the target area based on the number of beams, send a measurement reference signal through a plurality of second beams to scan the target area, and then receive the measurement result of the second node. The number of beams fed back by the second node in the method provided in the present disclosure can reflect the approximate location of the second node. The first node determines the target area to be scanned by the second round of beam scanning through the first round of beam scanning, and then can perform a second round of scanning on the target area in a targeted manner. This can reduce the number of candidate beams and effectively reduce the overhead of beam training in a near-field scenario.

[0102] The two rounds of scanning performed by the first node in the above S201 - S204 are described in detail below in conjunction with a specific embodiment.

[0103] The following formula is a possible phase shifter weight to achieve beamforming:

[0104]

[0105] Where w is the phase shifter weight and N is the antenna index.

[0106] The first node can configure multiple channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resources for beam training, and one CSI-RS resource corresponds to a beam in one direction. In the first round of beam scanning, the first node sets the parameter β in w to a constant value, and different CSI-RS resources correspond to different parameters α to achieve beam scanning in the angle dimension. In addition, β=0 can be set, so that the beamforming can be focused on the far field and realize traditional far-field DFT beam scanning. Furthermore, after the second node performs the measurement, the feedback measurement results include not only the CSI-RS resource indication information, but also the number of beams that meet the preset conditions.

[0107] Correspondingly, after receiving the feedback, the first node can determine the approximate distance of the second node based on the number of beams, and then configure the CSI-RS resource for the second stage of beam scanning according to the distance.

[0108] In the second round of beam scanning, the first node sets the parameter α in w to a fixed value (the specific value is determined according to the measurement result of the first stage), and different CSI-RS resources correspond to different parameters β to achieve beam scanning in the distance dimension. Furthermore, the second node feeds back the measurement result after measurement. Correspondingly, the first stage determines the best direction in the distance dimension after receiving the feedback.

[0109] In summary, after two stages of beam training, the first stage can determine the direction of the optimal beam ultimately used for data transmission.

[0110] It can be understood that in beam training in a near-field scenario, if the number of candidate beams in the angle dimension is N1 and the number of candidate beams in the distance dimension is N2, the traditional exhaustive scheme needs to send N1*N2 training beams. The method provided in the present disclosure requires N1+N3 training beams, where N3 represents the number of values ​​of the above parameter β, and the value of N3 is less than N2. Because the base station has made a preliminary estimate of the distance of the UE relative to itself, it does not need to scan all N2 distance dimensions, thereby effectively reducing the overhead of beam training.

[0111] The reasons why the number of beams that meet the preset conditions can reflect the approximate location of the UE are as follows:

[0112] When the UE is in the near field of the base station, if the base station uses a DFT beam focused on the far field for beam scanning, the UE can measure close power on multiple beams. For example, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of beam scanning provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 It can be seen that the base station sends out beams in three different directions, namely beam 1, beam 2 and beam 3. If the UE is located at the angle of beam 2, when the UE is at position 2, that is, close to the base station, the beams are relatively dense, and the signal receiving powers measured by the UE for the three beams are almost the same, and all three beams meet the preset conditions. When the UE is at position 1, that is, far away from the base station, the beams are relatively sparse, and the directions of beams 1 and beam 3 deviate far from the UE. Therefore, when the UE is measuring, it will be found that only beam 2 meets the preset conditions, and the signal receiving power of beam 1 is much lower than the signal receiving power of beam 3.

[0113] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a beam gain curve at different distances provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 The horizontal axis represents the sine value of the UE's angle θ relative to the base station, and the vertical axis represents the normalized beam gain. The closer it is to 1, the greater the beam gain, that is, the UE can measure a larger signal receiving power. Take the position where the UE is at sinθ = 0 as an example. Figure 5It can be seen that the figure includes three curves at different distances, namely r=20, r=50 and r=200. For the curve of r=20, it can be seen that the beam sent by the base station at the angle corresponding to sinθ=0 has a beam gain between 0.2 and 0.3 relative to the UE. If the base station sends beams to the corresponding angles of sinθ=-0.1 and 0.1 respectively, it is equivalent to shifting the r=20 curve to the left / right by 0.1 units, then the beam gain relative to the UE (i.e. corresponding to sinθ=0) is between 0.2-0.3. Therefore, it can be explained that if the UE is close to the base station, there are multiple beams with similar signal receiving power and meet the preset conditions.

[0114] In contrast, for the curve of r=200, it can be seen that if the base station sends a beam to the angle corresponding to sinθ=0, its beam gain relative to the UE is 0.9. If the base station sends a beam to the angle corresponding to sinθ=-0.1, 0.1, it is equivalent to shifting the r=200 curve to the left / right by 0.1 units, then the beam gain relative to the UE (i.e. corresponding to sinθ=0) is between 0-0.1, which is quite different from 0.9. Therefore, it can be explained that if the UE is far away from the base station, the number of beams that meet the preset conditions is small.

[0115] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the number of beams that meet the preset conditions can reflect the distance of the UE relative to the base station, and the more beams there are, the closer the UE is to the base station.

[0116] The following describes in detail the two scanning processes in S201 - S204 and S301 - S304 in combination with specific embodiments and drawings, taking into account the "dispersion effect" of the beam.

[0117] As the transmission bandwidth of large-scale antenna arrays increases, the beam will experience the so-called "dispersion effect", that is, the steering vector of the antenna array changes with the subcarrier frequency. Taking the uniform linear array (ULA) as an example, the antenna unit spacing d is usually set to the center frequency wavelength λ c Half of d, i.e. d = 0.5λ c , then the steering vector of the antenna array can be expressed as:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] It can be seen that the steering vector a(θ) is related to the subcarrier frequency f mRelated. Existing base stations usually implement beamforming based on RF phase shifters, and achieve beam focusing by adjusting the signal phase. The RF phase shifters on the base station side are usually regarded as frequency-independent, that is, the same spatial domain processing is performed on signals of different frequencies in the entire bandwidth, which leads to differences in the orientation of beams on different subcarriers. This phenomenon is called "beam splitting" or "beam squint", that is, the "dispersion effect" of the beam. Although beam splitting will cause the signal power on the edge subcarriers to decrease, it can achieve differences in the orientation of beams at different frequencies at the same time. Furthermore, if frequency-related devices are used instead of phase shifters to achieve differentiated processing of beams at different frequencies, effective control of beam splitting can be achieved and applied in the process of beam training. Utilizing the characteristics of beam splitting, it is equivalent to configuring the base station to send beams in multiple directions at one time, thereby effectively reducing the time required for beam training.

[0121] In some embodiments, the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-band according to the frequency size, and the transmission bandwidth is the bandwidth occupied when sending the measurement reference signal. The same measurement reference signal does not satisfy the Quasi Co-Location (QCL) relationship in different divided sub-bands.

[0122] It should be understood that the above division step can be performed before S201. Since the dispersion effect is related to the subcarrier frequency, the transmission bandwidth can be divided into different sub-bands according to the frequency size, for example, according to factors such as transmission bandwidth, base station working center frequency, beam focusing direction, and beamforming method. Among them, the division standard is that the same measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-bands, or the same measurement parameter signal has different large-scale characteristics in different sub-bands. Therefore, the sub-band can also be called a QCL region. There is no intersection between different QCL regions.

[0123] In some embodiments, when a measurement reference signal is sent through a beam, the beam is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-bands. One sub-beam corresponds to one sub-band. That is, each of the above-mentioned first beams can be split into at least one sub-beam in different divided QCL areas, and each of the above-mentioned first beams can also be split into at least one sub-beam in different divided QCL areas. This is equivalent to the base station side sending a beam after one configuration, and the UE can detect at least one sub-beam split from the beam.

[0124] In some embodiments, the number of divided QCL regions may be determined by the first node according to signal transmission characteristics.

[0125] For example, if the ratio of the transmission bandwidth to the working center frequency is less than a preset threshold, it means that the dispersion is weak, and the first node can divide the entire transmission bandwidth into one QCL area. If the ratio of the transmission bandwidth to the working center frequency is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it means that the dispersion is strong and beam splitting occurs, and the first node can divide the entire transmission bandwidth into multiple QCL areas.

[0126] For another example, the division of the QCL area may also depend on the beam focusing direction selected by the base station. If the beamforming weight is expressed as [1, e jπdsinθ , ..., e jπ(N-1)sinθ ] T , where the larger the value of |sinθ| is, the more obvious the beam splitting caused by the dispersion effect is, and the larger the QCL area that needs to be divided is, and vice versa, the smaller the QCL area that needs to be divided is. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of beam curves in different frequency bands provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure above, when a beam is sent at an angle corresponding to sinθ=0.5, the beam is transmitted at a frequency of f c -B / 2,f c , f c In the QCL region corresponding to +B / 2, sub-beams with directions of 0.46, 0.5, and 0.54 are split. Figure 6 As shown in the figure below, when a beam is sent at an angle corresponding to sinθ=0.1, the beam is at a frequency of f c -B / 2,f c , f c In the QCL region corresponding to +B / 2, sub-beams with directions of 0.09, 0.1, and 0.11 are split. It can be seen that the larger the value of |sinθ| is, the more the directions of the sub-beams split from a beam deviate from the original direction, that is, the more obvious the beam splitting is.

[0127] In some embodiments, after the first node determines at least one sub-frequency band, it can inform the second node so that the communicating parties maintain coordination and facilitate the implementation of the beam training scheme disclosed in the present invention. Therefore, the beam training method disclosed in the present invention also includes: the first node sends an indication message to the second node, and the indication message indicates the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band. Accordingly, the first node can receive the indication message of the first node to determine and indicate a sub-frequency band. Alternatively, the first node can autonomously determine at least one sub-frequency band based on the predefined transmission bandwidth of the first node.

[0128] In some embodiments, the indication information may be carried in high-layer signaling or dynamic control signaling.

[0129] In some embodiments, the frequency range of the sub-band is greater than or equal to the frequency range of a precoding resource block group (PRG) defined in an existing protocol.

[0130] It should be understood that, considering the characteristics of the above-mentioned QCL region, a set of large-scale parameters of the reference signal corresponds to a QCL region of the reference signal. The reference signal has different large-scale parameters in different QCL regions. For example, if a reference signal corresponds to N QCL regions, then the reference signal corresponds to N different large-scale parameters, which can be specifically reflected as different beam directions.

[0131] In some embodiments, two reference signals associated with the same TCI state configuration have a QCL relationship in the same sub-band and do not have a QCL relationship in different sub-bands. Wherein, TCI state is a parameter for configuring a QCL relationship between one or two reference signals in an existing standard.

[0132] It should be noted that in the existing standards, the QCL relationship is established between two reference signals corresponding to different antenna ports (ports). Having a QCL relationship indicates that the wireless channel properties of the reference signals are the same, so the property characteristics of another reference signal can be determined by measuring one reference signal. According to the existing standards, for a reference signal, the reference signal satisfies the QCL relationship over the entire transmission bandwidth. The present disclosure defines the QCL area and determines that the reference signal satisfies the QCL relationship only within the same QCL area. Therefore, when the base station configures the QCL relationship between two reference signals, only the parts located in the same "QCL area" satisfy the QCL relationship. Such a definition can facilitate beam training and data transmission.

[0133] For example, the base station configures the CSI-RS and demodulation pilot reference signal used for beam training

[0134] (demodulation reference signal, DM-RS) has a QCL relationship. Figure 7 As shown in (a), in different QCL regions, the CSI-RS forms beams in different directions, so the large-scale parameter results obtained by the UE based on the CSI-RS measurement are different. If the base station uses the DM-RS in QCL region 2 for data demodulation, it must rely on the CSI-RS measurement results in QCL region 2, and cannot rely on the CSI-RS measurement results in QCL region 1. It should be noted that, Figure 7As shown in (b), the above purpose can also be achieved by independently configuring multiple groups of reference signals on different frequency bands, but the independent configuration scheme needs to associate multiple TCI states, while relying on dividing the QCL area only needs to associate one TCI state.

[0135] In a possible implementation, after dividing the transmission bandwidth into at least one QCL region in consideration of the dispersion effect of the beam, the first node sends multiple first beams, each of which is split into at least one sub-beam in different QCL regions. The second node measures each sub-beam split from each first beam, and feeds back the first measurement result. Furthermore, the first node sends multiple second beams, the second node measures each sub-beam split from each second beam, and feeds back the second measurement result.

[0136] The first measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions in the multiple first beams, and the best sub-beam in the multiple first beams. The second measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the best sub-beam in the multiple second beams.

[0137] In addition, since the number of beams sent by the first node is inconsistent with the number of beams perceived by the second node, the measurement result fed back by the second node should include the identification of the sub-band. That is, the first measurement result includes: the identification of the sub-band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple first beams and the signal receiving power. The second measurement result includes: the identification of the sub-band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple second beams and the signal receiving power.

[0138] In another possible implementation, the first node configures a CSI-RS resource in each QCL area, and different CSI-RS resource pairs use different beam directions. Since the number of beams sent by the first node is consistent with the number of beams perceived by the second node, after the second node performs the measurement, the feedback measurement result may not include the sub-band identifier.

[0139] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram comparing two implementation methods provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 As shown in (a), the CSI-RS1 sent by the first round of beam scanning occupies the entire transmission bandwidth, and the corresponding beam directions in different QCL areas are different (beam direction 1 and beam direction 2 in the figure). The CSI-RS2 sent by the second round of beam scanning occupies the entire transmission bandwidth, and the corresponding beam directions in different QCL areas are different (beam direction 3 and beam direction 4 in the figure). Figure 8As shown in (b), each QCL region is configured with its own CSI-RS. The first round of beam scanning sends CSI-RS1 on QCL region 1, corresponding to beam direction 1. CSI-RS2 is sent on QCL region 2, corresponding to beam direction 2. The first round of beam scanning sends CSI-RS3 on QCL region 1, corresponding to beam direction 3. CSI-RS4 is sent on QCL region 2, corresponding to beam direction 4.

[0140] The above content describes the process of beam training in a near-field scenario. Based on the relevant description of the dispersion effect, the following content describes the process of beam training applicable to a far-field scenario.

[0141] Fig. 9 A flowchart of another beam training method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown below. Exemplarily, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 In the communication system shown in FIG. Figure 1 In the base station.

[0142] like Fig. 9 As shown, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure may specifically include the following steps:

[0143] S901. A first node sends a measurement reference signal through multiple beams on a transmission bandwidth.

[0144] The transmission bandwidth is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands, and any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands.

[0145] S902: The first node receives a measurement result sent by the second node.

[0146] The measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among multiple beams.

[0147] In some embodiments, the measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple beams.

[0148] In some embodiments, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure further includes S903.

[0149] S903: The first node sends indication information to the second node. The indication information is used to indicate the sub-band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-band. It should be noted that S903 can be executed before S901, S903 can also be executed after S901, and both can also be executed at the same time, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0150] In some embodiments, the indication information is carried in high-layer signaling or dynamic control signaling.

[0151] For the related description of the above S901-S903, please refer to the aforementioned content and will not be repeated here.

[0152] Fig.10 A flowchart of another beam training method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown below. Exemplarily, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 In the communication system shown in FIG. Figure 1 In the UE.

[0153] like Fig.10 As shown, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure may specifically include the following steps:

[0154] S1001. A second node measures a measurement reference signal sent by a first node through multiple sub-beams of multiple beams.

[0155] The transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands, and any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands.

[0156] S1002. The second node sends a measurement result.

[0157] The measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among multiple beams.

[0158] In some embodiments, the beam training method provided by the present disclosure further includes the following S903.

[0159] S1003: Determine at least one sub-frequency band based on the transmission bandwidth. Alternatively, receive indication information from the first node, where the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

[0160] For the related description of the above S1001-S1003, please refer to the aforementioned content and will not be repeated here.

[0161] The beam training method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes the beam splitting phenomenon to realize that the first node can send out sub-beams in multiple directions in one configuration, and the corresponding second node can measure each sub-beam and feedback the measurement result. In this way, during the beam training process, an original beam can scan multiple directions at the same time, thereby effectively reducing the beam scanning time and improving the beam training efficiency.

[0162] It is understandable that the communication device (which may be the first node or the second node) includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to implement the above functions. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in conjunction with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present disclosure.

[0163] The embodiments of the present disclosure may divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiments. For example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one functional module. The above integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function.

[0164] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the communication device can execute the beam training method provided in the above method embodiment. Fig.11 As shown, the communication device includes: a sending module 1101 and a receiving module 1102.

[0165] The sending module 1101 is used to send a measurement reference signal through multiple first beams.

[0166] The receiving module 1102 is used to receive a first measurement result sent by the second node; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition among the multiple first beams, and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams.

[0167] The sending module 1101 is used to send a measurement reference signal through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of beams.

[0168] The receiving module 1102 is used to receive a second measurement result sent by the second node; the second measurement result is used to indicate an optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0169] In some embodiments, the preset condition is: the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam is greater than a first threshold; or, the difference between the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam and the maximum signal receiving power is less than a second threshold.

[0170] In some embodiments, the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band according to the frequency size, and the transmission bandwidth is the bandwidth occupied when sending the measurement reference signal; the same measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different divided sub-frequency bands.

[0171] In some embodiments, when a measurement reference signal is sent through a beam, the beam is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands; one sub-beam corresponds to one sub-frequency band.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions among the multiple first beams, and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple first beams; the second measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the optimal sub-beam among the multiple second beams.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first measurement result includes: the identification of the sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple first beams and the signal reception power; the second measurement result includes: the identification of the sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple second beams and the signal reception power.

[0174] In some embodiments, the frequency range of the sub-band is greater than or equal to the frequency range of the PRG.

[0175] In some embodiments, the sending module 1101 is further used to send indication information to the second node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

[0176] In some embodiments, the indication information is carried in high-layer signaling or dynamic control signaling.

[0177] In some embodiments, two reference signals associated with the same TCI state configuration have a QCL relationship in the same sub-band, but do not have a QCL relationship in different sub-bands.

[0178] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the communication device can execute the beam training method provided in the above method embodiment. Fig.12 As shown, the communication device includes: a measuring module 1201 and a sending module 1202 .

[0179] The measurement module 1201 is used to measure a measurement reference signal sent by a first node through multiple first beams.

[0180] The sending module 1202 is used to send a first measurement result; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams that meet a preset condition among the multiple first beams, and the optimal beam among the multiple first beams.

[0181] The measurement module 1201 is used to measure a measurement reference signal sent by the second node through multiple second beams; the multiple second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of beams.

[0182] The sending module 1202 is used to send a second measurement result; the second measurement result is used to indicate an optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

[0183] In some embodiments, the preset condition is: the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam is greater than a first threshold; or, the difference between the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam and the maximum signal receiving power is less than a second threshold.

[0184] In some embodiments, the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band according to the frequency size, and the transmission bandwidth is the bandwidth occupied when sending the measurement reference signal; the same measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different divided sub-frequency bands.

[0185] In some embodiments, when a measurement reference signal is sent through a beam, the beam is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands; one sub-beam corresponds to one sub-frequency band.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the number of sub-beams that meet preset conditions in multiple first beams, and the optimal sub-beam in the multiple first beams; the second measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the optimal sub-beam in the multiple second beams.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first measurement result includes: the identification of the sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple first beams and the signal reception power; the second measurement result includes: the identification of the sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple second beams and the signal reception power.

[0188] In some embodiments, the frequency range of the sub-band is greater than or equal to the frequency range of the PRG.

[0189] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a determination module 1203. The determination module 1203 is used to determine at least one sub-frequency band based on the transmission bandwidth; or, the apparatus further includes a receiving module 1203. The receiving module 1203 is used to receive indication information from the first node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

[0190] In some embodiments, the indication information is carried in high-layer signaling or dynamic control signaling.

[0191] In some embodiments, two reference signals associated with the same TCI state configuration have a QCL relationship in the same sub-band, but do not have a QCL relationship in different sub-bands.

[0192] Fig.13 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device can execute the beam training method provided in the above method embodiment. Fig.13 As shown, the communication device includes: a sending module 1301 and a receiving module 1302.

[0193] The sending module 1301 is used to send a measurement reference signal through multiple beams on a transmission bandwidth; the transmission bandwidth is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands.

[0194] The receiving module 1302 is used to receive the measurement result sent by the second node; the measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple beams.

[0195] In some embodiments, the measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple beams.

[0196] In some embodiments, the sending module is further used to send indication information to the second node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

[0197] In some embodiments, the indication information is carried in high-layer signaling or dynamic control signaling.

[0198] Fig.14 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device can execute the beam training method provided in the above method embodiment. Fig.14 As shown, the communication device includes: a measuring module 1401 and a sending module 1402 .

[0199] The measurement module 1401 is used to measure the measurement reference signal sent by the first node through multiple sub-beams of multiple beams; the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands.

[0200] The sending module 1402 is used to send the measurement result; the measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet the preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple beams.

[0201] In some embodiments, the measurement result further includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple beams.

[0202] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes: a determination module 1403. The determination module 1403 is used to determine at least one sub-frequency band based on the transmission bandwidth. Alternatively, the apparatus further includes: a receiving module 1403. The receiving module 1403 is used to receive indication information from the first node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

[0203] The present disclosure provides a communication system, which includes a first node and a second node, wherein the first node is used to execute the methods described in S201-S204, and the second node is used to execute the methods described in S301-S304. Alternatively, the first node is used to execute the methods described in S901-S903, and the second node is used to execute the methods described in S1001-S1003.

[0204] In the case of implementing the functions of the above-mentioned integrated modules in the form of hardware, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide another possible structure of the communication device involved in the above-mentioned embodiments. Fig.15 As shown, the communication device 150 includes: a processor 1502 and a bus 1504. Optionally, the electronic device or communication device may further include a memory 1501; optionally, the electronic device or communication device may further include a communication interface 1503.

[0205] The processor 1502 may be a processor that implements or executes various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 1502 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 1502 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.

[0206] The communication interface 1503 is used to connect with other devices via a communication network, such as Ethernet, wireless access network, wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0207] The memory 1501 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0208] As a possible implementation, the memory 1501 may exist independently of the processor 1502, and the memory 1501 may be connected to the processor 1502 via a bus 1504 to store instructions or program codes. When the processor 1502 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 1501, the access method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0209] In another possible implementation, the memory 1501 may also be integrated with the processor 1502 .

[0210] The bus 1504 may be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 1504 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig.15 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0211] In some embodiments, executable instructions are stored in the memory 1501. When the processor 1502 executes the executable instructions, the communication device executes the beam training method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0212] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium), which stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the beam training method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0213] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks or magnetic tapes, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CD), digital versatile disks (DVD), etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in the present disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0214] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer program product including instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the beam training method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0215] The above is only a specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A beam training method, characterized in that: Applied to the first node, the method comprises: Sending a measurement reference signal via a plurality of first beams; receiving a first measurement result sent by a second node; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams in the plurality of first beams that meet a preset condition and an optimal beam in the plurality of first beams; Sending a measurement reference signal through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of the beams; A second measurement result sent by the second node is received; the second measurement result is used to indicate an optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset conditions are: The signal receiving power corresponding to the beam is greater than a first threshold; Alternatively, the difference between the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam and the maximum signal receiving power is less than the second threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band according to the frequency size, and the transmission bandwidth is the bandwidth occupied when sending the measurement reference signal; The same measurement reference signal does not satisfy the quasi-co-site QCL relationship in the different divided sub-frequency bands.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that When a measurement reference signal is sent through a beam, the beam is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands; one sub-beam corresponds to one sub-frequency band.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The first measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the number of sub-beams in the multiple first beams that meet the preset condition, and the best sub-beam in the multiple first beams; The second measurement result is specifically used to indicate: an optimal sub-beam among the multiple second beams.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the plurality of first beams and a signal receiving power; The second measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple second beams and a signal receiving power.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The frequency range of the sub-frequency band is greater than or equal to the frequency range of the precoding resource block group PRG.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send indication information to the second node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The indication information is carried in high-level signaling or dynamic control signaling.

10. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two reference signals associated with the same TCIstate configuration have a QCL relationship in the same sub-band, but do not have a QCL relationship in different sub-bands.

11. A beam training method, characterized in that: Applied to the second node, the method comprises: measuring a measurement reference signal sent by the first node through a plurality of first beams; Sending a first measurement result; the first measurement result is used to indicate the number of beams in the multiple first beams that meet a preset condition and the optimal beam in the multiple first beams; measuring a measurement reference signal sent by the second node through a plurality of second beams; the plurality of second beams are used to scan a target area determined based on the number of the beams; Send a second measurement result; the second measurement result is used to indicate the optimal beam among the multiple second beams.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The preset conditions are: The signal receiving power corresponding to the beam is greater than a first threshold; Alternatively, the difference between the signal receiving power corresponding to the beam and the maximum signal receiving power is less than the second threshold.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band according to the frequency size, and the transmission bandwidth is the bandwidth occupied when sending the measurement reference signal; The same measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in the different divided sub-frequency bands.

14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that When a measurement reference signal is sent through a beam, the beam is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands; one sub-beam corresponds to one sub-frequency band.

15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first measurement result is specifically used to indicate: the number of sub-beams in the multiple first beams that meet the preset condition, and the best sub-beam in the multiple first beams; The second measurement result is specifically used to indicate: an optimal sub-beam among the multiple second beams.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The first measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the plurality of first beams and a signal receiving power; The second measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple second beams and a signal receiving power.

17. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The frequency range of the sub-frequency band is greater than or equal to the frequency range of the precoding resource block group PRG.

18. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the transmission bandwidth, determining the at least one sub-frequency band; or, Receive indication information from the first node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The indication information is carried in high-level signaling or dynamic control signaling.

20. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that Two reference signals associated with the same TCIstate configuration have a QCL relationship in the same sub-band, but do not have a QCL relationship in different sub-bands.

21. A beam training method, characterized in that: Applied to the first node, the method comprises: Sending a measurement reference signal through multiple beams on a transmission bandwidth; the transmission bandwidth is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy the QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands; A measurement result sent by the second node is received; the measurement result is used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet a preset condition and the best sub-beam among the multiple beams.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The measurement result includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple beams.

23. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send indication information to the second node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The indication information is carried in high-level signaling or dynamic control signaling.

25. A beam training method, characterized in that: Applied to the second node, the method comprises: Measuring a measurement reference signal sent by a first node through multiple sub-beams of multiple beams; the transmission bandwidth of the first node is divided into at least one sub-frequency band, and the measurement reference signal does not satisfy a QCL relationship in different sub-frequency bands; any one of the multiple beams is split into at least one sub-beam with different directions in different sub-frequency bands; Sending measurement results; the measurement results are used to indicate the number of sub-beams that meet preset conditions and the optimal sub-beam among the multiple beams.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The measurement result also includes: an identifier of a sub-frequency band corresponding to each sub-beam in the multiple beams.

27. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the transmission bandwidth, determining the at least one sub-frequency band; or, Receive indication information from the first node; the indication information is used to indicate the sub-frequency band division method and the sub-carrier range occupied by each sub-frequency band.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: include: a processor and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; The processor is configured to execute the instructions so that the communication device performs the beam training method as described in any one of claims 1-20 or 21-27.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the beam training method according to any one of claims 1-20 or 21-27.

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