Indoor efficient feeding domestication method for zander fries

Abstract

The invention discloses an indoor efficient feeding domestication method for zander fries, which comprises the following steps: transferring 1.5-2.0 cm zander fries cultured in an outdoor pond to an indoor culture pond, and then creating a proper feeding domestication environment, namely forming a micro-water flow environment by using an aerator air stone to discharge air, and adjusting full-spectrum light to control the illumination intensity of a feeding domestication water surface area, so that the feeding domestication of zander fries is realized, and the feeding domestication of zander fries is realized. Adjusting the transparency of the water body by using a food-grade blue pigment, and controlling the water temperature at 27-29 DEG C; then, a self-made feeding domestication device is installed and comprises a floating feeding domestication frame and a feeding domestication leakage box, the zander seedlings are promoted to gradually receive the feed from eating the bait, and the water surface scattering range of the feed is limited. In the feeding training process, the proportion of fairy shrimps is gradually reduced, the proportion of feed is increased, and finally complete feed feeding is achieved. According to the method, through accurate environment control and feeding domestication strategies, the feeding domestication success rate of the zander fries is remarkably increased, losses caused by environment changes and pathogen transmission are reduced, and technical support is provided for sustainable development of the zander breeding industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic breeding and culture, and in particular to a method for efficiently taming pike perch seedlings indoors. Background Art

[0002] The development of modern aquaculture is highly dependent on compound feeds, which can train carnivorous fish that originally ate young fish to eat compound feeds, and then feed them mainly in the subsequent breeding, thereby reducing the problems of pathogen transmission, water pollution, and unstable growth rate caused by feeding young fish. Therefore, training carnivorous fish to eat feeds during the fry rearing stage is the foundation of the aquaculture industry and the prerequisite for its high-quality development.

[0003] Zander (Sander lucioperca) is a large, ferocious carnivorous fish known as the "king of freshwater fish". As an important emerging economic fish, it is favored by farmers and consumers for its tender meat and fast growth rate. In particular, zander can adapt to a wide range of saline-alkali environments, and its reproduction and seed cultivation are of great significance to aquaculture in saline-alkali waters in northern my country, such as Xinjiang, Tibet and Northeast China.

[0004] In the development of zander aquaculture, seedling training is the most important limiting factor. The low survival rate and high residual rate of training have seriously affected the supply of seedlings, as well as the downstream aquaculture and consumer industries. During the field investigation of zander seedling cultivation, it was found that the survival rate of seedling cultivation was generally less than 20%, and the mortality rate was often as high as nearly 100%. At present, the training method of zander is mostly carried out in outdoor ponds, relying on natural bait and young fish (live fish, minced fish or iced fish). This method not only cannot guarantee efficiency, but is also affected by weather and seasonal changes. It is difficult to control the training process, resulting in a lower survival rate of seedlings.

[0005] What is particularly important is that zander is a ferocious carnivorous fish, and cannibalism of zander of similar size often occurs, and even the smaller one eats the larger one. Prolonging the feeding process will further increase the cannibalism rate. At the same time, using young fish for feeding also faces the risk of pathogen transmission and environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an efficient indoor feeding method for pike perch. The present invention achieves a rapid transition of pike perch seedlings from eating natural bait to compound feed through fine indoor environmental control, the use of a homemade feeding training device, and a gradual transition feeding training strategy, thereby improving the feeding efficiency and seedling survival rate.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution designed by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for efficiently taming pike perch seedlings indoors, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Stocking of fish fry of specific specifications: The breeding tank is cleaned and disinfected, the water is aerated in advance, and the tank wall is left to grow microorganisms naturally; after the preparation is completed, the pike perch fry cultivated in the outdoor pond are transferred to the indoor breeding tank;

[0010] (2) Create a domesticated feeding environment:

[0011] a. Use the air stone of the aerator to create a micro-flow environment, where the water flow rate is set to 30-50cm / s

[0012] b. The outer cover of the breeding tank is equipped with a sunshade to create an extremely weak light environment. At the same time, the light intensity of the water surface in the training area is adjusted to 100-200lx by adjusting the full-spectrum training light; the light intensity under the water is 30-80lx, and the light intensity outside the direct light range is 5-20lx.

[0013] c. Use food-grade blue pigment to adjust the transparency to 50-70cm and raise the water temperature to 27-29℃;

[0014] (3) Installing the feeding device: placing multiple feeding boxes in a floating feeding frame, and then fixing the floating feeding frame on the tank wall, and placing the feeding boxes under the full-spectrum feeding light; placing an air stone under the feeding boxes to form a micro-flow environment that flows from the bottom of the feeding boxes to the upper side;

[0015] (4) Food Taming:

[0016] a. Before starting to train the feeder, turn on the full-spectrum training light and adjust the speed of the gas stone.

[0017] b. On the 1st to 2nd day of feeding, place the frozen Artemia block in the feeding leakage box to allow it to melt naturally, and flow out of the feeding leakage box with the micro-flow environment, and sprinkle the micro-feed once in the feeding box at intervals;

[0018] c. On the 3rd to 5th day, mix Artemia spp. and micro-granular feed of similar color and particle size evenly to make three mixed feeds of different proportions and freeze them into small mixed feed blocks, which are put into the training feeding leak box on the corresponding days and allowed to melt naturally; the mixed feed flows out of the training feeding leak box with the micro-flow environment, and the micro-granular feed is sprinkled in the training feeding box at intervals; wherein, the weight ratio of Artemia spp. to feed in the mixed feed is 3:1-9;

[0019] d. On the 6th to 7th day, place the frozen micro-particle feed balls in the training feeding box and sprinkle the micro-particle feed in the training feeding box at intervals to complete the training.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (1), the size of the pike perch seedlings is 1.5-2.0 cm (seedlings smaller than 1.5 cm and larger than 2.0 cm are screened out using a fish sieve and raised separately to avoid a large amount of leftover food before the start of feeding).

[0021] Furthermore, in step (1), the diameter of the breeding tank is 1-3m, the water depth is 0.4-1m, and the water is stored in the breeding tank for at least 1 week. The tank wall feels smooth when touched by hand, indicating that a microbial community has been formed (thereby avoiding scratches on the fry).

[0022] Furthermore, in sub-step c of step (2), the water temperature is 29°C.

[0023] Furthermore, the number of feeding taming leaking boxes is 2, and the feeding taming leaking boxes include a coverless cylindrical leaking frame, and the upper end of the outer side of the cylindrical leaking frame is wrapped with a buoyant foam ring.

[0024] Furthermore, the wall and bottom of the cylindrical drain are both mesh structures, and their pore sizes are both 800-900 μm. The inner diameter of the cylindrical drain is 1 / 20 of the diameter of the breeding tank, and its height is 1 / 10 of the height of the breeding tank.

[0025] The aperture of the mesh structure of the cylindrical leak frame can allow Artemia or feed particles to flow out of the leak box with the water flow to be eaten by the pike perch fry, and can also prevent the pike perch fry from entering the leak box.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (4) b, the frozen Artemia block is made from live Artemia at least 24 hours after hatching; the micro-particle feed is brown-red or brown-yellow; and the micro-particle feed is sprinkled once every 5 minutes;

[0027] The particle size of the micro-particle feed is 300-600 μm, and the particle size of the micro-particle feed increases with the size of the zander.

[0028] Furthermore, in step (4) c, on days 3 to 5, the weight ratio of Artemia to feed in the mixed feed is 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 respectively; and the micro-particle feed is sprinkled every 3 minutes.

[0029] Furthermore, in the step (4) (d), the micro-particle feed is sprinkled once every 1 minute.

[0030] In the present invention, whether it is Artemia, a mixed feed of Artemia and micro-particle feed or micro-particle feed, the freezing method for making frozen blocks should be rapid freezing to avoid uneven distribution of solid substances in the frozen blocks, which seriously affects the feeding effect.

[0031] Furthermore, in the steps (1) to (4), the breeding density is 1000-3000 fish / m 3 , and need to be raised in grades as the zander seedlings grow.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] The invention optimizes the feeding process by precisely controlling environmental conditions, shortens the feeding process, and improves the feeding efficiency and survival rate of zander seedlings. The invention not only helps to supply sufficient seedlings to the huge breeding market, but also effectively protects natural resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a homemade feeding box for zander seedlings.

[0035] In the figure, there are a cylindrical drain rack 1, a buoyant foam ring 2, and frozen Artemia blocks 3.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the breeding environment setting for zander fry before feeding (non-feeding period).

[0037] In the picture, the breeding tank is covered with black sunshade gauze to create an extremely low-light environment. At least two oxygen-enhancing stones ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen while providing a moderate water flow environment.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process of taming zander seedlings.

[0039] In the picture, full-spectrum lighting is used to create a contrast between light and dark environments. The feeding frame and feeding leak box are placed, one of the air stones is closed, and the air stone below the feeding frame is adjusted down to create a micro-water flow environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can understand.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 The method for quickly training zander seedlings to eat artificial compound feed indoors comprises the following steps:

[0042] (1) Stocking of fish fry of specific specifications:

[0043] a. Pull up the pike perch seedlings that have been cultivated in the outdoor pond for 15 days with a seedling net, first use a 5-day sieve to screen out the pike perch seedlings with a total length greater than 2 cm (remaining on the sieve), and then use a 4-day sieve to transfer the pike perch seedlings between 1.5-2.0 cm (remaining on the sieve) to the indoor breeding pond for subsequent feeding work. The pike perch seedlings smaller than 1.5 cm are left in the pond for further cultivation for one week before being caught, screened, and then fed.

[0044] b. The diameter of the indoor breeding tank is 6m, the barrel depth is 1.3m, and the water storage depth is 1.0m. Before transferring the fry, the breeding tank is scrubbed and disinfected, and then tap water is added. After aeration for 1 week, when the tank wall feels smooth when touched by hand, 150,000 pike perch fry are evenly placed in 3 breeding tanks, 5,000 in each tank. The water temperature of the 3 breeding tanks is adjusted to 3 predetermined targets: 23℃, 26℃, and 29℃ using variable frequency heating rods.

[0045] (2) Create a domesticated feeding environment:

[0046] a. Cover the aquarium with black sunshade yarn, leaving 1 / 20 of the area for the installation of equipment lights. Adjust the aeration head to medium aeration volume, and form a micro-flow environment through the aerator air stone. The water flow rate is controlled at 30-50cm / s, and the dissolved oxygen in the water is guaranteed to be 5-8mg / L. In the aquarium, measure and adjust the outlet pressure every day.

[0047] b. Use full-spectrum lighting to adjust the light intensity on the water surface within the illumination range to 180lx, the light intensity on the bottom of the water to 40lx, and the light intensity outside the direct illumination range to 5-20lx, that is, 20lx near the illumination range and 5lx away from the illumination range.

[0048] c. Use food-grade blue pigment to adjust the water transparency to 60cm.

[0049] The above conditions provide a suitable early growth and feeding environment for zander seedlings.

[0050] (3) Installing feeding equipment:

[0051] like Figure 1 The feeding taming leakage box made of stainless steel is shown as follows: the feeding taming leakage box comprises an uncovered cylindrical leakage frame 1, and the upper end of the cylindrical leakage frame is wrapped with a buoyant foam ring 2; wherein the wall and bottom of the cylindrical leakage frame 1 are both mesh structures, and their pore diameters are both 900 μm, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical leakage frame 1 is 1 / 20 of the diameter of the breeding tank, and its height is 1 / 10 of the height of the breeding tank;

[0052] Install a floating feeding frame in the aquarium and fix it to the aquarium wall (to limit the spread of feed). Place two stainless steel feeding boxes in the feeding frame, which are fixed on the left and right sides of the inner side of the feeding frame ( Figure 3 ), because the buoyant foam can float naturally and move up and down with the change of water level. An air stone is placed under the feeding box to form a micro-flow environment to promote the natural melting of frozen bait and its movement with water, thus attracting zander fry to eat.

[0053] (4) The domestication process is divided into three stages:

[0054] a. Turn on the full-spectrum feeding light before feeding and adjust the gas stone’s gas output speed.

[0055] b. On the 1st or 2nd day of feeding, place 3 frozen Artemia blocks in a feeding box to allow them to dissolve naturally. At the same time, sprinkle micro-particle feed in the feeding frame every 5 minutes. The particle size of the micro-particle feed is 500-600μm. Construct a trapezoidal cylindrical area under the light to form a specific feeding environment, including stronger light than other areas, micro-current, moving bait, etc.

[0056] c. On the 3rd to 5th day, mix Artemia and micro-particle feed (brown-red) evenly and freeze them into small blocks. On the 3rd, 4th and 5th day, respectively, make frozen blocks of mixed feed in a weight ratio of Artemia to micro-particle feed of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 (gradually increase the proportion of feed in the mixed feed), place the frozen blocks in a feeding box and let them melt naturally. At the same time, sprinkle micro-particle feed in the feeding box every 3 minutes.

[0057] d. On the 6th to 7th day, place the frozen micro-particle feed ball in the training feeding box and sprinkle the micro-particle feed in the training feeding box every 1 minute to complete the training.

[0058] After successful feeding, the larger individuals in the breeding tank are removed and raised separately every 4 days to improve the survival rate of the seedlings. The breeding density is reduced every 12 days. During the breeding process, the bottom of the breeding tank is siphoned and drained every day, and 1 / 3 of the water is replaced every 4 days.

[0059] Through the comprehensive operation of the above method, the pike perch seedlings were successfully switched from natural bait to compound feed within 1 week without any young fish feeding stage. The advantages of using the method of this embodiment are as follows:

[0060] Ten days after the completion of feeding, the indicators of the seedlings in the three different water temperature aquariums were measured and it was found that the total length of the pike perch seedlings in the three aquariums at 23℃, 26℃ and 29℃ were 4.6cm, 5.2cm and 5.4cm respectively, which were all significantly different. The body weight in the 29℃ aquarium was also significantly higher than that in the other two aquariums, and the survival rates were 51%, 73% and 85% respectively. This shows that the pike perch seedlings are more likely to accept and digest the feed when the water temperature is 29℃.

[0061] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently training pike perch seedlings indoors, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Stocking of fish fry of specific specifications: The breeding tank is cleaned and disinfected, the water is aerated in advance, and the tank wall is left to grow microorganisms naturally; after the preparation is completed, the pike perch fry cultivated in the outdoor pond are transferred to the indoor breeding tank; (2) Create a domesticated feeding environment: a. Use the air stone of the aerator to create a micro-flow environment, where the water flow rate is set to 30-50cm / s b. The outer cover of the breeding tank is equipped with a sunshade to create an extremely weak light environment. At the same time, the light intensity of the water surface in the training area is adjusted to 100-200lx by adjusting the full-spectrum training light; the light intensity under the water is 30-80lx, and the light intensity outside the direct light range is 5-20lx. c. Use food-grade blue pigment to adjust the transparency to 50-70cm and raise the water temperature to 27-29℃; (3) Installing the feeding device: placing multiple feeding boxes in a floating feeding frame, and then fixing the floating feeding frame on the tank wall, and placing the feeding boxes under the full-spectrum feeding light; placing an air stone under the feeding boxes to form a micro-flow environment that flows from the bottom of the feeding boxes to the upper side; (4) Food Taming: a. Before starting to train the feeder, turn on the full-spectrum training light and adjust the speed of the gas stone. b. On the 1st to 2nd day of feeding, place the frozen Artemia block in the feeding leakage box to allow it to melt naturally, and flow out of the feeding leakage box with the micro-flow environment, and sprinkle the micro-particle feed in the feeding box at intervals; c. On the 3rd to 5th day, mix Artemia spp. and micro-granular feed of similar color and particle size evenly to make three mixed feeds with different proportions and freeze them into small mixed feed blocks, which are put into the training feeding leak box on the corresponding days and allowed to melt naturally; the mixed feed flows out of the training feeding leak box with the micro-flow environment, and the micro-granular feed is sprinkled in the training feeding box at intervals; wherein, the weight ratio of Artemia spp. to feed in the mixed feed is 3:1-9; d. On the 6th to 7th day, place the frozen micro-particle feed ball in the training feeding box and sprinkle the micro-particle feed in the training feeding box at intervals to complete the training.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the size of the pike perch seedlings is 1.5-2.0 cm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the diameter of the breeding tank is 1-3 m, the water depth is 0.4-1 m, and the water is stored in the breeding tank for at least 1 week. The tank wall feels smooth when touched by hand, indicating that a microbial community has been formed.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2) in sub-step c, the water temperature is 29°C.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the number of feeding boxes is 2, and the feeding boxes include a coverless cylindrical feeding frame, and the upper end of the cylindrical feeding frame is wrapped with a buoyant foam ring.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wall and bottom of the cylindrical drain frame are both mesh structures, and their pore sizes are both 800-900 μm. The inner diameter of the cylindrical drain frame is 1 / 20 of the diameter of the breeding tank, and its height is 1 / 10 of the height of the breeding tank. The aperture of the mesh structure of the cylindrical leak frame can allow Artemia or feed particles to flow out of the leak box with the water flow to be eaten by the pike perch fry, and can also prevent the pike perch fry from entering the leak box.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4) b, the frozen Artemia blocks are made from live Artemia at least 24 hours after hatching; the micro-particle feed is brown-red or brown-yellow; and the micro-particle feed is sprinkled once every 5 minutes; The particle size of the micro-particle feed in the initial stage of domestication is 300-600μm, and the particle size of the micro-particle feed increases with the size of the zander.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4) c, on days 3-5, the weight ratio of Artemia to feed in the mixed feed is 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 respectively; the micro-particle feed is sprinkled every 3 minutes.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4) (d), the micro-particle feed is sprinkled once every 1 minute.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps (1) to (4), the breeding density is 1000-3000 fish / m 3 , and need to be raised in grades as the zander seedlings grow.

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