Aerogel composite thermal insulation material and preparation device thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an aerogel composite thermal insulation material and a preparation device thereof, which comprises a blast oven and a drying groove, a circulating pipeline blower is installed on the drying groove, a motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the blast oven, a fixed rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the fixed rod penetrates through the inner wall of the drying groove and extends to the inner side of the drying groove, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the end face of the fixed rod, a fixing structure is installed on the fixed frame, the fixing structure comprises a connecting rod which is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed frame, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod, and a fixed bottom plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate. The application can make the pre-oxidized material be heated more uniformly, simultaneously, the material is beaten, the material is kept in a fluffy state, the processing of the material is facilitated, and the aerogel material with low bulk density, high flame-retardant grade and good thermal insulation effect can be quickly and effectively produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation composite materials, and more particularly to an aerogel composite thermal insulation material and its preparation apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in global energy consumption and the growing severity of the energy crisis, the construction industry, as a major energy consumer, has a high proportion of energy used for building heating and cooling. In developed countries in Europe and America, building energy consumption accounts for about 30-40% of the total social energy consumption, while in China, this proportion has reached about 20-30%.

[0003] Traditional building insulation materials, due to their limited insulation performance, cannot adequately meet the energy-saving requirements of buildings during long-term use. Therefore, a new type of aerogel composite material is needed. However, during the manufacturing process of existing aerogel composite materials, it is difficult to achieve proper pre-oxidation treatment of the intact aerogel, which is not conducive to the use of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an aerogel composite thermal insulation material and its preparation apparatus.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An apparatus for preparing aerogel composite thermal insulation material, comprising: A forced-air drying oven and a drying trough are provided. A circulating pipe blower is installed on the drying trough. A motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the forced-air drying oven. A fixed rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The fixed rod passes through the inner wall of the drying trough and extends to the inner side of the drying trough. A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the end face of the fixed rod. A fixed structure is installed on the fixed frame. The fixed structure includes a connecting rod rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed frame. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod. A fixed base plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate. A fixed pressure plate is installed above the fixed base plate, and the fixed pressure plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed plate. A tapping structure is installed on the fixed base plate.

[0006] Preferably, the tapping structure includes an elastic telescopic rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed base plate. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod. An installation rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting plate. A tapping plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the installation rod. An adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate. An extrusion block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjusting rod. A fixing protrusion is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed frame via a support rod. The position of the extrusion block corresponds to the fixing protrusion. A fixing rod passes through the corresponding fixed frame and is fixedly connected to a fixing gear. A fixing gear ring that meshes with the fixing gear is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying tank.

[0007] Preferably, the side wall of the fixing plate has a sliding groove, and the inner wall of the sliding groove is slidably connected to a matching sliding block, and the sliding block extends to the outside of the fixing plate. A connecting screw is connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the sliding groove, the connecting screw passes through the sliding groove and extends to the outside of the fixing plate, and the connecting screw is threadedly connected to the corresponding sliding block.

[0008] Preferably, the sliding block has a connecting groove on its side wall, and a connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove. A connecting block is fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the connecting block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed pressure plate. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding block, and the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting block. The connecting spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the outer side of the slapping plate includes a protective layer, and the sidewalls of each extrusion block have rounded corners.

[0010] An aerogel composite thermal insulation material is provided, which is composed of silica aerogel and polyacrylonitrile micro / nanofiber. The preparation process includes the preparation of lithium chloride / dimethylformamide solution, dispersion of aerogel particles, preparation of spinning solution, spinning of nanofiber sponge, and pre-oxidation treatment.

[0011] Preferably, the pre-oxidation treatment is carried out by heating at a temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it enables the pre-oxidized material to be heated more evenly, and at the same time, the material is patted to keep it in a fluffy state, which facilitates the processing of the material and avoids the inner part of the material not being fully pre-oxidized, which is beneficial to the use of the device. Moreover, it can quickly and effectively produce aerogel materials with low bulk density, high flame retardancy and heat insulation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an aerogel composite thermal insulation material and its preparation device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of an aerogel composite thermal insulation material and its preparation device proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed base plate of the aerogel composite thermal insulation material and its preparation device proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed base plate of the aerogel composite thermal insulation material and its preparation device proposed in this invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Blower oven, 2. Drying trough, 3. Fixing rod, 4. Fixing frame, 5. Fixing gear, 6. Fixing gear ring, 7. Fixing plate, 8. Sliding groove, 9. Fixing pressure plate, 10. Fixing base plate, 11. Beating plate, 12. Connecting rod, 13. Mounting rod, 14. Connecting plate, 15. Elastic telescopic rod, 16. Adjusting rod, 17. Extrusion block, 18. Fixing protrusion, 19. Sliding block, 20. Connecting groove, 21. Connecting shaft, 22. Connecting spring, 23. Connecting screw, 24. Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0016] Reference Figures 1-5 An apparatus for preparing aerogel composite thermal insulation material, comprising: The oven 1 and the drying trough 2 are equipped with a circulating pipe blower. A motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the oven 1. A fixed rod 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The fixed rod 3 passes through the inner wall of the drying trough 2 and extends to the inner side of the drying trough 2. A fixed frame 4 is fixedly connected to the end face of the fixed rod 3. A fixed structure is installed on the fixed frame 4. The fixed structure includes a connecting rod 12 rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed frame 4. A fixed plate 7 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod 12. A fixed bottom plate 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate 7. A fixed pressure plate 9 is installed above the fixed bottom plate 10 and is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed plate 7. A tapping structure is installed on the fixed bottom plate 10. The fiber sponge is placed in the drying chamber 2 of the blower oven 1 and fixed on the fixed pressure plate 9. The blower oven 1 is started to heat it for pre-oxidation treatment. At the same time, the motor is started, and the output end of the motor drives the fixed rod 3 to rotate, which in turn drives the fixed frame 4 to rotate, and drives the fixed plate 7 and the fixed base plate 10 to rotate together, so that the fiber sponge also rotates, making the heating of the fiber sponge more uniform. At the same time, the beating structure will beat the fiber sponge to keep the fiber sponge in a fluffy state, so as to facilitate its pre-oxidation treatment. The tapping structure includes an elastic telescopic rod 15 fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed base plate 10. A connecting plate 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic telescopic rod 15. An installation rod 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 14. A tapping plate 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the installation rod 13. An adjusting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate 14. An extrusion block 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjusting rod 16. A fixing protrusion 18 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed frame 4 through a support rod. The fixing protrusion 18 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 12 and is not connected to the connecting rod 12. The position of the extrusion block 17 corresponds to the fixing protrusion 18. A fixing rod 3 passes through the corresponding fixed frame 4 and is fixedly connected to a fixing gear 5. A fixing toothed ring 6 that meshes with the fixing gear 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying tank 2. When the connecting rod 12 rotates, the fixed gear 5 fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod 12 rotates accordingly. Under the action of the fixed gear ring 6, the fixed gear 5 will also rotate on its own when rotating, thereby driving the fixed plate 7 and the fixed base plate 10 and other structures to rotate together. When the fixed base plate 10 rotates, the elastic telescopic rod 15 and the connecting plate 14 rotate accordingly, driving the mounting rod 13 and the patting plate 11 to rotate together. At the same time, the adjusting rod 16 and the squeezing block 17 on the side wall of the connecting plate 14 rotate together. When the squeezing block 17 rotates at the protrusion of the fixed protrusion 18, the fixed protrusion 18 will squeeze the squeezing block 17 to move it, thereby driving the connecting plate 14 and the patting plate 11 and other structures to move together. With the elastic force of the elastic telescopic rod 15, the patting plate 11 moves back and forth to pat the fiber sponge. The side wall of the fixed plate 7 has a sliding groove 8. The inner wall of the sliding groove 8 is slidably connected to a matching sliding block 19, and the sliding block 19 extends to the outside of the fixed plate 7. The connecting screw 23 between the upper and lower inner walls of the sliding groove 8 passes through the sliding groove 8 and extends to the outside of the fixed plate 7. The connecting screw 23 is threadedly connected to the corresponding sliding block 19. The side wall of the sliding block 19 has a connecting groove 20. The inner wall of the connecting groove 20 is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft 21. A connecting block 24 is fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft 21. The connecting block 24 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed pressure plate 9. A connecting spring 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding block 19. The connecting spring 22 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting block 24. The connecting spring 22 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft 21. Rotating the connecting screw 23 causes the sliding block 19 to move along with the screw thread, which in turn causes the connecting shaft 21, connecting block 24 and fixed pressure plate 9 to move together. With the cooperation of the connecting spring 22, the fiber sponge is fixed in place. Moreover, the elastic force of the connecting spring 22 can make the fixed pressure plate 9 rotate upward, preventing the fiber sponge from being damaged when it is patted. The outer side of the patting plate 11 includes a protective layer, and the sidewalls of each extrusion block 17 are rounded to protect the patting plate 11 and the aerogel. The rounded corners are also beneficial for extruding the extrusion block 17. An aerogel composite thermal insulation material is characterized in that the aerogel composite thermal insulation material is composed of silica aerogel and polyacrylonitrile micro / nanofiber, and the preparation process includes the preparation of lithium chloride / dimethylformamide solution, dispersion of aerogel particles, preparation of spinning solution, spinning of nanofiber sponge, and pre-oxidation treatment. Preparation of lithium chloride / dimethylformamide solution: Lithium chloride was vacuum dried at 80 °C for 3 hours. Then, 0.01 wt% lithium chloride particles were added to dimethylformamide at room temperature and magnetically stirred for 1 hour to prepare the lithium chloride / dimethylformamide solution. Dispersion of SiO2 aerogel: SiO2 aerogel was dispersed into the corresponding lithium chloride / dimethylformamide solution and stirred continuously with a magnetic stirrer. The prepared solution was further ultrasonicated for 1 hour to ensure that the SiO2 aerogel particles were uniformly dispersed. Preparation of electrospinning solution: 7-15 wt% of polyacrylonitrile powder was vacuum dried at 80°C for 3 hours before preparing the electrospinning solution, and then added to the subsequent solution. The mixture was stirred continuously for 12 hours until it was completely dissolved. Electrospinning process: The prepared polyacrylonitrile solution was transferred to five 10 ml plastic syringes and pumped out at a constant flow rate of 1.5 ml / h. A stable 30 kV DC voltage was provided to the metal needle tip, and the distance from the needle tip to the collector was maintained at 20 cm. The spun fiber membrane was deposited on a polyethylene terephthalate / viscose nanofiber fabric wrapped around a grounded stainless steel drum. The ambient temperature was maintained at 25 ± 3 ℃, and the relative humidity was controlled at 85 ± 5%. A nanofiber sponge with a fluffy structure was finally prepared. Using the same electrospinning parameters and methods, PAN / SiO2 aerogel nanofiber sponges with different SiO2 aerogel concentrations were prepared under a relative humidity of 85±5%. The pre-oxidation treatment is carried out by heating at a temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours.

[0017] In this invention, when using the device, the fiber sponge is first placed on the fixed base plate 10. Then, the connecting screw 23 is rotated. Under the action of the thread, the rotation of the connecting screw 23 will drive the sliding block 19 to move together, thereby causing the connecting shaft 21, connecting block 24, and fixed pressure plate 9 to move together. With the cooperation of the connecting spring 22, the fiber sponge is fixed. Moreover, the elasticity of the connecting spring 22 can make the fixed pressure plate 9 rotate upward, preventing the fiber sponge from being damaged when it is patted. Then, the motor and the blower oven 1 are started. The blower oven 1 performs pre-oxidation treatment on the limited sponge in the drying tank 2. The output end of the motor drives the fixed rod 3 to rotate, thereby causing the fixed frame 4 to rotate together, driving the fixed plate 7 and the fixed base plate 10 and other structures to rotate together, so that the fiber sponge also rotates, making the heating of the fiber sponge more uniform. The connecting rod 12 rotates. When the fixed gear 5, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod 12, rotates, the fixed gear 5 also rotates on its own axis under the action of the fixed gear ring 6, thereby driving the fixed plate 7 and the fixed base plate 10 to rotate together. When the fixed base plate 10 rotates, the elastic telescopic rod 15 and the connecting plate 14 rotate together, driving the mounting rod 13 and the patting plate 11 to rotate together. At the same time, the adjusting rod 16 and the squeezing block 17 on the side wall of the connecting plate 14 rotate together. When the squeezing block 17 rotates at the protrusion of the fixed protrusion 18, the fixed protrusion 18 will squeeze the squeezing block 17 to move it, thereby driving the connecting plate 14 and the patting plate 11 to move together. With the elastic force of the elastic telescopic rod 15, the patting plate 11 moves back and forth to pat the fiber sponge, keeping the fiber sponge in a fluffy state for pre-oxidation treatment.

[0018] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing aerogel composite thermal insulation material, characterized in that, include: A blower oven (1) and a drying trough (2) are provided. A circulating pipe blower is installed on the drying trough (2). A motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the blower oven (1). A fixed rod (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The fixed rod (3) passes through the inner wall of the drying trough (2) and extends to the inner side of the drying trough (2). A fixed frame (4) is fixedly connected to the end face of the fixed rod (3). A fixed structure is installed on the fixed frame (4). The fixed structure includes a connecting rod (12) rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed frame (4). A fixed plate (7) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod (12). A fixed bottom plate (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate (7). A fixed pressure plate (9) is installed above the fixed bottom plate (10). The fixed pressure plate (9) is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed plate (7). A tapping structure is installed on the fixed bottom plate (10). The tapping structure includes an elastic telescopic rod (15) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed base plate (10). The bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod (15) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (14). The top end of the connecting plate (14) is fixedly connected to an installation rod (13). The top end of the installation rod (13) is fixedly connected to a tapping plate (11). The side wall of the connecting plate (14) is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod (16). The side wall of the adjusting rod (16) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (17). The side wall of the fixed frame (4) is fixedly connected to a fixing protrusion (18) via a support rod. The position of the extrusion block (17) corresponds to the fixing protrusion (18). The fixing rod (3) passes through the corresponding fixed frame (4) and is fixedly connected to a fixing gear (5). The inner wall of the drying tank (2) is fixedly connected to a fixing gear ring (6) that meshes with the fixing gear (5).

2. The apparatus for preparing aerogel composite thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the fixed plate (7) has a sliding groove (8), and the inner wall of the sliding groove (8) is slidably connected to a matching sliding block (19), and the sliding block (19) extends to the outside of the fixed plate (7). The upper and lower inner walls of the sliding groove (8) are connected by a connecting screw (23), which passes through the sliding groove (8) and extends to the outside of the fixed plate (7), and the connecting screw (23) is threadedly connected to the corresponding sliding block (19).

3. The apparatus for preparing aerogel composite thermal insulation material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding block (19) has a connecting groove (20) on its side wall. The inner wall of the connecting groove (20) is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (21). A connecting block (24) is fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft (21). The connecting block (24) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed pressure plate (9). A connecting spring (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding block (19). The connecting spring (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting block (24). The connecting spring (22) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft (21).

4. The apparatus for preparing aerogel composite thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the slapping plate (11) includes a protective layer, and the sidewalls of each of the extrusion blocks (17) are rounded.

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