Intelligent dry method sorting equipment for pre-removing gangue of coking coal

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for coke coal pre-arrangement gangue intelligent dry method sorting equipment, it belongs to coal sorting technical field, wherein upper layer X-ray generator, upper layer beating device, lower layer X-ray generator and lower layer beating device are all installed on equipment rack, unified dust collector and control terminal are equipped;Upper layer X-ray receiver and lower layer X-ray receiver are respectively arranged in the inner cavity of upper layer sorting conveying device and lower layer sorting conveying device;Upper layer sorting conveying device and lower layer sorting conveying device all include transmission belt, transmission roller and driving motor, transmission roller is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of equipment rack by bearing.Compared with traditional single-layer photoelectric sorting equipment, the utility model uses upper and lower double-layer sorting structure, a single device can process two layers of coal simultaneously, greatly improves the processing capacity of coal, when facing a large number of coal sorting tasks, multiple devices do not need to be used simultaneously, saves sorting time, improves overall production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal sorting technology, specifically relating to an intelligent dry sorting device for pre-discharge of coking coal. Background Technology

[0002] Coal, as an important energy source and industrial raw material, requires quality sorting as a crucial step in its processing and utilization. With the increasing mechanization of coal mining, a large amount of gangue from the roof, floor, and intercalations is mixed into the raw coal during the mining process, significantly increasing the gangue content. High gangue content leads to severe wear and tear on coal preparation plant equipment and pipelines, increasing media loss and coal preparation costs. Therefore, pre-sorting and removing gangue from raw coal are essential to save costs and improve production efficiency. Over-exploitation of mineral resources inevitably alters the original ecological environment of the mine, causing problems such as vegetation destruction, waste rock mountains, and groundwater depletion. Large amounts of gangue discharged from coal production accumulate into gangue mountains, occupying vast amounts of farmland and green space, causing surface pollution. Furthermore, the accumulation of gangue can cause spontaneous combustion, acid rain, and other disasters.

[0003] Photoelectric sorting equipment is a type of mineral sorting equipment based on advanced imaging and artificial intelligence technologies. It features high sorting accuracy, simple system, and low production cost, and is widely used in the field of mineral sorting.

[0004] Chinese Patent Application No. CN202010716178.1 discloses a coal resource upgrading process for sorting and pre-removing gangue, which includes the following steps: S1, transporting raw coal to a crushing device, crushing it, and then feeding it into a high-intensity classifying screen for screening. The undersize material from the classifying screen is sent to an underground raw coal bunker, and finally to a surface raw coal bunker; S2, feeding the oversize material from the classifying screen into a composite dry separator for pre-removing gangue, discharging most of the gangue; S3, feeding the composite dry separator into a high-intensity classifying screen for pre-removing gangue. The raw coal obtained after pre-removing gangue by the sorting machine is sent to the X-ray sorting machine for sorting. After sorting, gangue and clean coal are obtained. S4. The clean coal obtained by the X-ray sorting machine is sent to the underground clean coal silo, and finally sent to the surface clean coal silo. S5. The gangue obtained by the X-ray sorting machine in step S3 and the gangue obtained by the composite dry sorting machine in step S2 are both sent to the crushing device. After being crushed by the crushing device, they are sent to the mixing device for slurry preparation. After slurry preparation, they are transported to the goaf area for backfilling by the conveying pump.

[0005] Existing photoelectric sorting equipment with a single-layer sorting structure can only sort a single layer of coal. When dealing with large quantities of coal requiring sorting, the limited processing capacity of a single-layer photoelectric sorting device necessitates the simultaneous use of multiple devices, resulting in large footprints, high equipment investment, and complex coordination and control between multiple devices, which is detrimental to efficient production operations. Furthermore, single-layer photoelectric sorting equipment can only sort minerals of a single particle size (generally a particle size ratio <6); sorting two particle sizes (a particle size ratio <12) requires two separate devices.

[0006] Existing single-layer conveying and sorting equipment has limited processing capacity per unit time, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. Furthermore, single-layer structures are prone to accumulation and congestion during coal transport, further reducing sorting efficiency. To increase processing capacity, it is necessary to enlarge the size of individual machines or increase the number of devices, resulting in a large overall footprint. This is particularly problematic in space-constrained coal preparation plants, significantly increasing the difficulty of equipment layout and infrastructure costs. The existing layout of detection devices and sorting actuators is unreasonable, with excessive spacing between the X-ray detection area and the impact device. This leads to a lag in signal transmission to the actuator, resulting in frequent "false hits" and "missed hits." Simultaneously, the impact device has poor structural stability, with uncontrollable vibration frequency and impact force, making it difficult to accurately separate coal of different particle sizes. The sorting process generates a large amount of dust, which not only harms the health of operators but also adheres to the surface of detection elements, affecting X-ray detection accuracy and increasing equipment maintenance frequency. Each functional module (such as conveying, detection, and striking) uses an independent control unit, and parameter adjustment requires separate operation, resulting in poor coordination and a lack of intelligent data feedback and adaptive adjustment capabilities, which places high demands on the skills of operators.

[0007] The above problems need to be solved based on the needs of actual coal sorting and production. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model proposes an intelligent dry sorting device for pre-discharge of coking coal, which can simultaneously realize photoelectric sorting of two layers of synchronous pre-discharge of coking coal on a single device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: an intelligent dry sorting device for pre-discharge of coking coal, comprising an upper-layer sorting and conveying device, an upper-layer X-ray generator, an upper-layer X-ray receiver, an upper-layer impact device, a lower-layer sorting and conveying device, a lower-layer X-ray generator, a lower-layer X-ray receiver, a lower-layer impact device, an equipment frame, a dust collector, and a control terminal. The upper-layer X-ray generator, upper-layer impact device, lower-layer X-ray generator, and lower-layer impact device are all mounted on the equipment frame. The equipment is equipped with a unified dust collector and control terminal; the upper-layer X-ray receiver and the lower-layer X-ray receiver are respectively installed in the inner cavity of the upper-layer sorting and conveying device and the lower-layer sorting and conveying device; the upper-layer sorting and conveying device and the lower-layer sorting and conveying device each include a conveyor belt, a drive roller and a drive motor, and the drive roller is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the equipment frame through bearings; the upper-layer X-ray generator, the upper-layer X-ray receiver and the lower-layer X-ray generator, the lower-layer X-ray receiver are respectively installed on one side close to the upper-layer striking device and the lower-layer striking device.

[0010] Preferably, the drive motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the equipment frame and connected to the drive roller in the transmission roller through a coupling. The transmission belt is sleeved on the surface of the transmission roller, and the surface of the transmission belt is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the equipment frame near the dust collector is fixedly connected to an upper sorting outlet and a lower sorting outlet.

[0012] Preferably, the upper and lower sorting inlets are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the equipment frame on the side away from the dust collector, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, both the upper striking device and the lower striking device include a mounting box. A support base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box, and a dual-output shaft motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support base. Cams are fixedly connected to both ends of the dual-output shaft motor, and one output shaft of the dual-output shaft motor extends through to the outside of the mounting box and is fixedly connected to a drive pulley.

[0014] More preferably, dampers are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the mounting box, and a separation box is fixedly connected to the top of the dampers. A spring is sleeved on the surface of the damper, and the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the mounting box and the separation box respectively. The top of the cam contacts the bottom of the separation box. A slide rail is fixedly connected to the top front end of the mounting box near the drive pulley, and a slider is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the slide rail.

[0015] Furthermore, springs are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the slide rail and the slider. A tensioning wheel is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider via a bearing. A receiving block is fixedly connected to the rear end of the slider. A wedge is slidably connected to the surface of the receiving block. The top of the wedge is fixedly connected to the separation box.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the separation box is connected to a feed hopper, the inner cavity of the separation box is fixedly connected to a screen, the bottom of one side of the separation box is connected to a discharge pipe one, one side of the separation box and above the screen is connected to a solenoid valve associated with a pushing device, the other end of the solenoid valve is connected to a discharge pipe two, and a drive shaft is provided on the top of the screen.

[0017] More preferably, the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box via a bearing, a receiving tube is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft, a slide rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the receiving tube, a support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rod, a striking ball is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, a spring three is sleeved on the surface of the receiving tube, the two ends of the spring three are fixedly connected to the support plate and the drive shaft respectively, and a driven gear is fixedly connected to the drive shaft at both ends of the front and rear ends and the end located outside the separation box, and a driving gear meshes between the two driven gears.

[0018] Furthermore, the drive gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft located in the middle, and a driven pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft located in the middle and outside the separation box. A belt is sleeved between the drive pulley, the tensioner, and the driven pulley.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages and positive effects of this intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal are as follows: 1. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal of this utility model adopts a double-layer sorting structure. Compared with the traditional single-layer photoelectric sorting equipment, a single unit can process two layers of coal at the same time, which greatly improves the coal processing capacity. When facing a large number of coal sorting tasks, there is no need to use multiple units at the same time, saving sorting time and improving overall production efficiency.

[0020] 2. This utility model's intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal reduces equipment investment costs, eliminating the need to purchase multiple single-layer photoelectric sorting devices. Simultaneously, the reduced number of devices significantly decreases the required floor space, lowering site rental costs. Furthermore, centralized control and collaborative operation of the equipment reduce manual operation and maintenance costs, improve resource utilization efficiency, and lower the company's operating costs.

[0021] 3. The upper and lower sorting and conveying devices, X-ray detection devices, and impact devices of the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal of this utility model can all be configured differently according to the particle size range, processing capacity requirements, and coal properties. This allows the system to adapt to the sorting of different types and characteristics of coal. Whether the particle size difference is large or the coal quality is complex and variable, it can achieve accurate sorting, expand the application range of the equipment, and improve the enterprise's ability to handle different coal resources.

[0022] 4. This utility model's intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal, through precise detection by the upper-layer X-ray generator, upper-layer X-ray receiver, lower-layer X-ray generator, and lower-layer X-ray receiver, as well as precise action control of the upper-layer and lower-layer impact devices, can accurately separate coal that meets the requirements and coal that does not meet the requirements according to the characteristics of the coal. Compared with traditional sorting methods, it reduces the occurrence of mis-sorting and missed sorting, improves the quality of coal products, provides a guarantee for enterprises to produce higher-quality coal products, and enhances the competitiveness of enterprises in the market.

[0023] 5. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal of this utility model is equipped with a unified dust collector, which promptly handles the dust generated during the sorting process, effectively reducing dust pollution in the working environment, improving the working conditions of operators, protecting the health of employees, and also meeting environmental protection requirements, which is conducive to the sustainable development of enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the upper impact device of the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a side view of the upper impact device of the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection structure of the upper impact device of the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the screen and the striking ball in the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tensioning wheel and the slide rail in the intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to this utility model; Figure 7 This utility model relates to an intelligent dry sorting device for pre-discharge of coking coal. Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Upper sorting and conveying device; 2. Upper X-ray generator; 3. Upper X-ray receiver; 4. Upper impact device; 41. Mounting box; 42. Support base; 43. Dual output shaft motor; 44. Cam; 45. Drive belt pulley; 46. Damper; 47. Separation box; 48. Spring 1; 49. Slide rail; 410. Slider; 411. Spring 2; 412. Tensioner wheel; 413. Receiving block; 414. Wedge block; 415. Feed hopper; 416. Screen; 417. Discharge pipe 1; 418. Solenoid valve; 4 19. Discharge pipe II; 420. Drive shaft; 421. Receiving pipe; 422. Slide rod; 423. Support plate; 424. Striking ball; 425. Spring III; 426. Driven gear; 427. Driven gear; 428. Driven pulley; 5. Lower layer sorting conveyor; 6. Lower layer X-ray generator; 7. Lower layer X-ray receiver; 8. Lower layer striking device; 9. Equipment frame; 10. Dust collector; 11. Control terminal; 12. Upper layer sorting inlet; 13. Lower layer sorting inlet; 14. Upper layer sorting outlet; 15. Lower layer sorting outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent dry sorting device for pre-discharge of coking coal. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described in the following specification.

[0028] As attached Figures 1-7As shown, this utility model provides an intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal, which includes an upper sorting and conveying device 1, an upper X-ray generator 2, an upper X-ray receiver 3, an upper impact device 4, a lower sorting and conveying device 5, a lower X-ray generator 6, a lower X-ray receiver 7, a lower impact device 8, an equipment frame 9, a dust collector 10, and a control terminal 11. The upper sorting and conveying device 1, the upper X-ray generator 2, the upper X-ray receiver 3, the upper impact device 4, the lower sorting and conveying device 5, the lower X-ray generator 6, the lower X-ray receiver 7, and the lower impact device 8 are all installed on the equipment frame 9, and are equipped with a unified dust collector 10 and a control terminal 11. The upper-layer X-ray receiver and the lower-layer X-ray receiver are respectively disposed in the inner cavities of the upper-layer sorting and conveying device and the lower-layer sorting and conveying device; both the upper-layer sorting and conveying device and the lower-layer sorting and conveying device include a conveyor belt, a drive roller and a drive motor, and the drive roller is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the equipment frame through bearings; the upper-layer X-ray generator, the upper-layer X-ray receiver and the lower-layer X-ray generator, the lower-layer X-ray receiver are respectively disposed on one side close to the upper-layer striking device and the lower-layer striking device.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, coal is fed into the upper and lower sorting mechanisms respectively, enabling a single piece of equipment to perform sorting operations on both layers simultaneously. This improves the equipment's sorting efficiency and processing capacity. The double-layer stacked structure of the sorting mechanism effectively saves the equipment's floor space and reduces equipment investment costs. Equipped with a unified dust collector 10 and control terminal 11, it facilitates operation and management during production.

[0030] In addition, both the upper-level sorting and conveying device 1 and the lower-level sorting and conveying device 5 include a conveyor belt, a drive roller, and a drive motor. The drive roller is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the equipment frame 9 via bearings, and the drive motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the equipment frame 9 and connected to the drive roller via a coupling. The conveyor belt is fitted onto the surface of the drive roller, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with anti-slip textures. The specific structural design of the upper-level sorting and conveying device 1 and the lower-level sorting and conveying device 5 ensures the stability and reliability of the conveying device operation, effectively prevents coal from slipping during the conveying process, ensures the smooth and efficient conveying of coal, and lays a good foundation for subsequent detection and sorting stages.

[0031] In some embodiments, the conveyor belt can be made of neoprene rubber with a thickness of 8-12mm. The surface can be pressed with diamond-shaped anti-slip patterns (pattern depth 2-3mm, spacing 10mm). It can have wear-resistant and oil-resistant properties, and its tensile strength can be ≥15MPa and elongation can be ≤3%.

[0032] In some embodiments, the drive roller may include a driving roller, a driven roller, and an idler roller. The driving roller and the driven roller may have a diameter of 120-150mm and may be made of 45 steel with heat treatment (hardness HRC28-32). The surface may be chrome-plated (thickness 0.05-0.1mm) for rust prevention. The idler roller spacing may be 300-500mm and may be made of high molecular weight polyethylene. The weight is reduced by 40% compared to steel idler rollers, which can reduce drive energy consumption.

[0033] In some embodiments, the drive motor can be a Y-series three-phase asynchronous motor with a power of 1.5-3kW and a speed of 1450r / min. It can be connected to the drive roller through a flexible pin coupling with an axial compensation of ±2mm and a radial compensation of ±0.1mm to ensure smooth power transmission.

[0034] In some embodiments, the tensioning mechanism may be a spiral tensioning device, which can keep the conveyor belt tension at 15-20kN by adjusting the position of the driven roller, thus avoiding conveyor belt wear caused by slippage or over-tension.

[0035] Furthermore, the upper X-ray receiver 3 and the lower X-ray receiver 7 are respectively installed in the inner cavities of the upper sorting and conveying device 1 and the lower sorting and conveying device 5. The upper X-ray generator 2, the upper X-ray receiver 3, the lower X-ray generator 6, and the lower X-ray receiver 7 are respectively installed on the side close to the upper striking device 4 and the lower striking device 8. The upper X-ray receiver 3 and the lower X-ray receiver 7 are respectively installed in the inner cavities of the corresponding sorting and conveying devices. The X-ray generator and the X-ray receiver are close to the side of the striking device. This layout can accurately detect the coal on the conveying device and transmit the detection information to the control terminal 11 in a timely manner. The control terminal 11 quickly commands the striking device to act according to the detection results, which greatly improves the connection efficiency of detection and striking separation and ensures the timeliness and accuracy of sorting work.

[0036] In some embodiments, the control terminal 11 has a built-in adaptive algorithm that can dynamically adjust the system operating status according to the following parameters: when the feed rate fluctuates by ±10%, the conveyor belt speed is automatically adjusted (±0.2m / s) to maintain a stable amount of coal per unit area; when X-rays detect that the impurity content exceeds 3%, the vibration frequency of the impact device is automatically increased (+5Hz) to enhance the separation effect; when the filter element resistance of the dust collector 10 exceeds 1500Pa, pulse cleaning is automatically started (interval 30s, duration 0.1s) to restore the filtration efficiency.

[0037] In some embodiments, the X-ray generator and receiver can be located on the upper and lower sides of the sorting and conveying device, respectively, forming a symmetrical clamping structure. The horizontal distance between the center of the detection area and the entrance of the striking device can be 300-500mm, ensuring that the striking device has sufficient response time (≤0.1s) after the detection signal is transmitted to the control terminal. The X-ray generator tube voltage can be 50-160kV, the tube current can be 1-5mA, the pulse width can be 0.5-2ms, and the detection resolution can be ≤0.1mm. The X-ray receiver can be a flat panel detector with a pixel size of 50-100μm and a frame rate of 30-60fps, which can capture the distribution information of ash, sulfur and impurities inside the coal in real time. A lead protective cover (lead equivalent of 2mm) can be installed outside the detection unit to prevent X-ray leakage. An interlocking device is installed on the surface of the cover to automatically cut off the power supply of the X-ray generator when the cover is opened, ensuring operational safety.

[0038] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the equipment frame 9 away from the dust collector 10 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the frame. The reasonable position design facilitates the entry of coal into the sorting equipment from different inlets. Layered feeding can be carried out according to the different characteristics of coal or sorting requirements, which improves the applicability and operation convenience of the system.

[0039] In some embodiments, the equipment frame 9 can be welded from Q345B high-strength low-alloy steel, forming a frame structure. The uprights can be 150mm × 150mm square steel pipes, and the crossbeams can be 100mm × 50mm rectangular steel pipes. The uprights and crossbeams can be connected via flanges and M16 high-strength bolts, ensuring an overall load-bearing capacity of no less than 5000kg. Adjustable anchor bolts (adjustment range 0-100mm) are installed at the bottom of the frame to level the equipment and prevent vibration and displacement caused by uneven ground.

[0040] Preferably, the bottom of the equipment frame 9 near the dust collector 10 is fixedly connected to the upper sorting outlet 14 and the lower sorting outlet 15 respectively. This design allows the sorted coal to be conveniently discharged from the system. At the same time, combined with the position of the dust collector 10, it is convenient to collect and treat the dust generated during the sorting process, thus optimizing the process flow and working environment of the entire sorting equipment.

[0041] In another embodiment, both the upper striking device 4 and the lower striking device 8 include a mounting box 41. A support base 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box 41. A dual-output shaft motor 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 42. Cams 44 are fixedly connected to both ends of the dual-output shaft motor 43. One output shaft of the dual-output shaft motor 43 extends through to the outside of the mounting box 41 and is fixedly connected to a drive pulley 45. Damperes 46 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box 41. A separation box 47 is fixedly connected to the top of the damper 46. A spring 48 is sleeved on the surface of the damper 46. The two ends of the spring 48 are fixedly connected to the mounting box 41 and the separation box 47, respectively. The top of the cam 44 contacts the bottom of the separation box 47. A slide rail is fixedly connected to the front end of the top of the side of the mounting box 41 near the drive pulley 45. 49. A slider 410 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the slide rail 49. Springs 411 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the slide rail 49 and the slider 410. A tension wheel 412 is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider 410 through a bearing. A receiving block 413 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the slider 410. A wedge 414 is slidably connected to the surface of the receiving block 413. The top of the wedge 414 is fixedly connected to the separation box 47. The dual-output shaft motor 43 drives the cam 44, causing the separation box 47 to vibrate. Combined with the synergistic effect of the damper 46, spring 48, slide rail 49, and slider 410, as well as the cooperation of the feed hopper 415, screen 416, discharge pipe, and solenoid valve 418 associated with the pushing device, efficient and precise impact and separation of coal can be achieved, effectively improving the quality and efficiency of coal sorting.

[0042] In one possible configuration, the upper impact device 4 and the lower impact device 8 have identical structures, including a mounting box 41, a drive assembly, a vibration separation assembly, a transmission assembly, and a discharge control assembly. The mounting box 41 can be welded from 304 stainless steel plate with a wall thickness of 5-8mm and internal anti-corrosion treatment to withstand dust and moisture in the sorting environment. The drive assembly may include a support base 42, a dual-output shaft motor 43, a cam 44, and a drive pulley 45. The support base 42 can be fixed to the bottom of the mounting box 41 with expansion bolts, and its top is equipped with a shock-absorbing pad (rubber material, 10mm thick). The dual-output shaft motor 43 can be a variable frequency motor with a power of 0.75-1.5kW and an adjustable speed of 0-3000r / min. The two output shafts are connected by a flat key. Cam 44 (cam lift 10-20mm, base circle diameter 50mm), the vibration separation assembly may include damper 46, spring 48, and separation box 47. Damper 46 can be a hydraulic damper with a damping coefficient of 500-1000N・s / m, and is welded to the separation box 47 at the top. Spring 48 is a cylindrical helical compression spring with a wire diameter of 5mm, a mean diameter of 30mm, a free length of 100mm, and an elastic modulus of 600N / m. Both ends are welded to mounting box 41 and separation box 47 respectively, and work together with the damper to stabilize the amplitude of the separation box at 5-15mm.

[0043] The transmission assembly may include a slide rail 49, a slider 410, a second spring 411, a tensioner 412, a receiving block 413, a wedge block 414, and a belt drive unit. The slide rail 49 adopts a linear guide rail (model HGW20). The gap between the slider 410 and the slide rail is ≤0.05mm. The elastic coefficient of the second spring 411 is 300N / m, ensuring that the pressure of the tensioner 412 on the belt is stable at 50-100N. The belt is a polyurethane synchronous belt with a tooth pitch of 5mm, ensuring that the transmission error is ≤0.5%.

[0044] The discharge control assembly may include a screen 416, a solenoid valve 418, a discharge pipe 1 417 and a discharge pipe 2 419. The screen 416 is a stainless steel woven mesh with replaceable mesh size (0.5-5mm). It is fixed to the inner cavity of the separation box 47 by bolts. The solenoid valve 418 is a two-position three-way solenoid directional valve with a response time ≤50ms to ensure timely coal diversion.

[0045] Furthermore, the top of the separation box 47 is connected to a feed hopper 415, and a screen 416 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the separation box 47. A discharge pipe 417 is connected to the bottom of one side of the separation box 47. A solenoid valve 418 associated with a pushing device is connected to one side of the separation box 47 and above the screen 416. The other end of the solenoid valve 418 is connected to a discharge pipe 419. A drive shaft 420 is installed on the top of the screen 416. The drive shaft 420 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box 47 via bearings. A receiving tube 421 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft 420. A slide rod 422 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the receiving tube 421. A support plate 423 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rod 422. A striking ball 424 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 423. A spring 425 is sleeved on the surface of the receiving tube 421. The two ends of the spring 425 are fixedly connected to the support plate 423 and the drive shaft 420, respectively. A driven gear 426 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 420 located outside the separation box 47. A driving gear 427 meshes between the two driven gears 426. The driving gear 427 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft 420 located in the middle. A driven pulley 428 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 420 located outside the separation box 47. A belt is sleeved between the driving pulley 45, the tension wheel 412, and the driven pulley 428. The internal structure of the separation box 47 allows for preliminary screening of coal by the screen 416. The striking structure composed of the drive shaft 420, the receiving tube 421, the slide bar 422, and the striking ball 424, along with the coordinated work of the drive gear 427, the driven gear 426, and the belt, further enhances the separation effect of the coal. Differentiated separation operations can be performed according to the characteristics of coal particle size, improving the precision of the sorting equipment.

[0046] Using the above technical solution, the width and operating speed of the upper sorting and conveying device 1 and the lower sorting and conveying device 5 are configured differently according to the particle size range and processing volume requirements of the coal to be sorted. This design can better adapt to the characteristics of different coals, improve the adaptability of the equipment to diversified coal sorting tasks, and ensure efficient coal conveying and sorting under different working conditions.

[0047] In addition, the upper X-ray generator 2, upper X-ray receiver 3, lower X-ray generator 6, and lower X-ray receiver 7 are configured with different operating parameters according to the properties of the coal. This design can accurately detect coal with different properties such as coal quality and impurity content, improve the accuracy of the detection results, and provide strong data support for subsequent accurate sorting.

[0048] On the other hand, the upper impact device 4 and the lower impact device 8 are configured differently according to the coal particle size and processing capacity. This design can more effectively carry out impact separation operation on coal of different particle sizes, ensure the separation effect under different processing capacity requirements, and improve the working efficiency and applicability of the entire separation equipment.

[0049] The following specific embodiments further illustrate an intelligent dry sorting device for pre-discharge of coking coal according to this utility model.

[0050] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model provides an intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal, including an upper sorting and conveying device 1, an upper X-ray generator 2, an upper X-ray receiver 3, an upper impact device 4, a lower sorting and conveying device 5, a lower X-ray generator 6, a lower X-ray receiver 7, a lower impact device 8, an equipment frame 9, a dust collector 10, and a control terminal 11. The upper sorting and conveying device 1, the upper X-ray generator 2, the upper X-ray receiver 3, the upper impact device 4, the lower sorting and conveying device 5, the lower X-ray generator 6, the lower X-ray receiver 7, and the lower impact device 8 are all installed on the equipment frame 9, and are equipped with a unified dust collector 10 and a control terminal 11. The upper-layer X-ray receiver and the lower-layer X-ray receiver are respectively disposed in the inner cavities of the upper-layer sorting and conveying device and the lower-layer sorting and conveying device; both the upper-layer sorting and conveying device and the lower-layer sorting and conveying device include a conveyor belt, a drive roller and a drive motor, and the drive roller is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the equipment frame through bearings; the upper-layer X-ray generator, the upper-layer X-ray receiver and the lower-layer X-ray generator, the lower-layer X-ray receiver are respectively disposed on one side close to the upper-layer striking device and the lower-layer striking device.

[0051] In some embodiments, the dust collector 10 may be a pulse-jet bag filter with a processing air volume of 1000-2000 m³ / h. 3 / h, filtration efficiency ≥99.9%, connected to the dust generation points of the upper and lower sorting and conveying devices and the impact device through galvanized air ducts with a diameter of 150mm (air velocity at the air outlet of the air duct is 15-20m / s), ensuring that the dust concentration in the working environment is ≤10mg / m³.

[0052] The control terminal 11 may include an industrial computer (CPU i5 or above, 8GB memory), a PLC controller (model S7-1200), a touch screen (10.1 inches, resolution 1280×800) and a data acquisition card. The control terminal has a built-in sorting algorithm that can automatically adjust the vibration frequency, striking force and conveying speed of the striking device according to the X-ray detection data to achieve adaptive sorting.

[0053] In some embodiments, the specific arrangement and function of the upper striking device 4 and the lower striking device 8 can be as follows: Figure 2, Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, both the upper striking device 4 and the lower striking device 8 include a mounting box 41. A support base 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box 41. A dual-output shaft motor 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 42. Cams 44 are fixedly connected to both ends of the dual-output shaft motor 43. One output shaft of the dual-output shaft motor 43 extends through to the outside of the mounting box 41 and is fixedly connected to a drive pulley 45. Damperes 46 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box 41. A separation box 47 is fixedly connected to the top of the damper 46. A spring 48 is sleeved on the surface of the damper 46. The two ends of the spring 48 are respectively connected to the mounting box 41 and the separation box 47. The box 47 is fixedly connected, and the top of the cam 44 contacts the bottom of the separating box 47. A slide rail 49 is fixedly connected to the front end of the top of the mounting box 41 near the drive belt pulley 45. A slider 410 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the slide rail 49. Springs 411 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the slide rail 49 and the slider 410. A tension wheel 412 is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider 410 via a bearing. A receiving block 413 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the slider 410. A wedge 414 is slidably connected to the surface of the receiving block 413. The top of the wedge 414 is fixedly connected to the separating box 47. A feed hopper 415 is connected to the top of the separating box 47. A screen 416 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the separator 47. A discharge pipe 417 is connected to the bottom of one side of the separator 47. A solenoid valve 418, associated with a pushing device, is connected to one side of the separator 47 and above the screen 416. The other end of the solenoid valve 418 is connected to a discharge pipe 419. A drive shaft 420 is installed at the top of the screen 416. The drive shaft 420 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separator 47 via bearings. A receiving tube 421 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft 420. A slide rod 422 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the receiving tube 421. A support plate 423 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rod 422. The bottom of the support plate 423 is fixedly connected to... There is a striking ball 424. A spring 425 is sleeved on the surface of the receiving tube 421. The two ends of the spring 425 are fixedly connected to the support plate 423 and the drive shaft 420 respectively. A driven gear 426 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 420 at both ends and at the end located outside the separation box 47. A driving gear 427 meshes between the two driven gears 426. The driving gear 427 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft 420 located in the middle. A driven pulley 428 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft 420 located in the middle and at the end located outside the separation box 47. A belt is sleeved between the driving pulley 45, the tensioner 412 and the driven pulley 428.

[0054] The combined effect of the upper impact device 4 and the lower impact device 8 is that the dual-output shaft motor 43 drives the cam 44, which in turn causes the separation box 47 to vibrate. Combined with the synergistic effect of the damper 46, spring 48, slide rail 49, and slider 410, as well as the cooperation of the feed hopper 415, screen 416, discharge pipe, and solenoid valve 418, efficient and precise impact and separation of coal can be achieved, effectively improving the quality and efficiency of coal sorting. The screen 416 performs preliminary screening of the coal. The impact structure composed of the drive shaft 420, receiving pipe 421, slide rod 422, and impact ball 424, along with the coordinated work of the drive gear 427, driven gear 426, and belt, further enhances the separation effect of the coal. Differentiated separation operations can be performed according to the characteristics of coal particle size, improving the precision of the sorting equipment.

[0055] In this embodiment, the transmission component of the upper striking device 4 can also be equipped with a tensioning wheel 412 with a polyurethane layer (5mm thick) wrapped around its surface to increase friction with the belt and prevent slippage. The driving gear 427 and the driven gear 426 are helical gears (helix angle 15°) to reduce transmission noise to below 75dB. The transmission shaft 420 is made of 40Cr heat-treated material (hardness HRC35-40), and the bearings at both ends are self-aligning roller bearings (model 22310) to accommodate radial loads and slight axial offsets.

[0056] This invention utilizes a double-layer stacked sorting structure, increasing the processing capacity of a single unit by 80%-120% compared to traditional single-layer equipment (the upper and lower layers can each process 50-100 t / h). The equipment's footprint is reduced by 40%-50% compared to two independent single-layer units (overall footprint ≤15m²), significantly lowering site requirements and infrastructure costs. The close proximity (300-500mm) between the X-ray detection area and the impact device, combined with the high-speed processing of the control terminal (response time ≤0.1s), improves the sorting accuracy to over 95%. The adjustable frequency vibration (5-30Hz) and grading screen design of the impact device can adapt to coal particle sizes of 0.5-100mm, meeting the sorting requirements of different coal qualities. A unified control terminal enables centralized adjustment of conveying speed, X-ray parameters, impact force, and dust removal airflow. It supports remote communication (Modbus protocol) and data storage (capable of recording 365 days of sorting data). The touchscreen visual interface reduces the skill requirements of operators, allowing a single person to monitor and adjust the equipment. The equipment frame is constructed with high-strength steel and features a shock-absorbing design, resulting in operating noise levels ≤85dB. The dust collection system efficiently gathers dust, and combined with the anti-slip textured conveyor belt and sealed impact device, it reduces dust spillage and coal spillage, meeting the operational environment requirements outlined in the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations." All components utilize standardized interfaces (such as bolt connections and flange interfaces), reducing the time required to replace vulnerable parts like conveyor belts and screens to ≤30 minutes. The control terminal has a built-in fault diagnosis module that provides real-time warnings for faults such as motor overload, belt misalignment, and X-ray anomalies, thus lowering maintenance costs.

[0057] The working principle of this intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-removing gangue from coking coal is as follows: 1. Coal will enter the system from the upper sorting inlet 12 and the lower sorting inlet 13 respectively. The coal from the upper layer enters the upper sorting and conveying device 1, and the coal from the lower layer enters the lower sorting and conveying device 5.

[0058] 2. The upper sorting and conveying device 1 and the lower sorting and conveying device 5 transport the coal. During the process of the coal being transported by the sorting and conveying device, it will pass through the X-ray detection area. The detected signal is transmitted to the control terminal 11. The control terminal 11 analyzes and processes these signals and determines whether the coal meets the requirements according to the preset sorting standards. If it is determined that a certain part of the coal needs to be separated, the control terminal 11 will send an action command to the corresponding striking device.

[0059] 3. When the striking device receives the instruction from the control terminal 11, the dual output shaft motor 43 starts to work, driving the cam 44 to rotate. The top of the cam 44 contacts the bottom of the separation box 47. As the cam 44 rotates, it will push the separation box 47 to move up and down. The dampers 46 fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box 41 and the spring 48 sleeved on the surface of the damper 46 will play a buffering and resetting role during the movement of the separation box 47, so that the separation box 47 can vibrate stably.

[0060] 4. Simultaneously, when the output shaft of one end of the dual-output shaft motor 43 drives the active belt pulley 45 to rotate, the driven belt pulley 428 will rotate through the belt drive, thereby causing the intermediate transmission shaft 420, which is fixedly connected to the driven belt pulley 428, to rotate. Since the driven gear 426 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft 420 at both ends and located outside the separation box 47, and the active gear 427 meshes between the two driven gears 426, and the active gear 427 is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft 420 located in the middle, the rotation of the intermediate transmission shaft 420 will drive the active gear 427 to rotate, and the active gear 427 will drive the two driven gears 426 to rotate, thereby causing the transmission shafts 420 at both ends to rotate as well.

[0061] 5. When the drive shaft 420 rotates, it will drive the receiving tube 421, slide rod 422, support plate 423 and striking ball 424 to rotate together. Under the action of centrifugal force and spring 425, the striking ball 424 will strike the screen 416 in the separation box 47 to prevent coal from clogging the screen 416. At the same time, when the separation box 47 moves up and down, it will drive the wedge block 414 to move up and down. The wedge block 414 squeezes the receiving block 413, the receiving block 413 squeezes the slider 410, and the slider 410 drives the tension wheel 412 to move back and forth, thereby adjusting the tension of the belt and ensuring that the belt always maintains a suitable tension.

[0062] 6. Coal enters the separation box 47 through the feed hopper 415. A screen 416 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the separation box 47. After entering the separation box 47, the coal falls onto the screen 416. Under the vibration of the separation box 47 and the impact of the striking ball 424 on the screen 416, coal that meets the particle size requirements will fall to the bottom of the separation box 47 through the screen 416, while coal that does not meet the particle size requirements will remain above the screen 416. When it is necessary to discharge the coal that does not meet the requirements above the screen 416, the control terminal 11 will send a command to the pushing device based on the judgment result and control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 418, so that the solenoid valve 418 opens, and the pushing device pushes the coal out through the discharge pipe 419. Finally, the coal separated by the striking device will be discharged from the system through the upper sorting discharge port 14 and the lower sorting discharge port 15 respectively. A material pushing device (not shown) is provided inside the separation box 47 and above the screen 416. The pushing device is controlled by the control terminal 11 to perform the pushing action. The pushing device is used to discharge the coal that does not meet the requirements above the screen 416 through the material pipe 419. The pushing device in this patent can be any form of automatic pushing device or mechanical pushing arm in the prior art.

[0063] In some embodiments, during the feeding stage, thermal coal enters the system from the upper sorting inlet 12 (particle size ≤ 50 mm) and the lower sorting inlet 13 (particle size 50-100 mm), respectively. The upper layer feed rate is 30 t / h, and the lower layer feed rate is 50 t / h. The coal is conveyed at a constant speed on the conveyor belt. When it passes through the X-ray detection area, the X-ray generator emits rays that penetrate the coal. The receiver captures the attenuation signal and transmits it to the control terminal 11. The terminal analyzes the ash content of the coal using an algorithm (setting a sorting threshold ≤ 15%). When coal with excessive ash content is detected, the control terminal 11 instructs the corresponding striking device to operate: double... The output shaft motor 43 is adjusted to 1500 r / min, and the cam 44 pushes the separation box 47 to vibrate (amplitude 8 mm). The striking ball 424 (high chromium cast iron material, diameter 50 mm) strikes the screen 416 under the action of the spring 425 (elastic coefficient 400 N / m) to prevent clogging. Qualified coal (ash content ≤15%) passes through the screen 416 and is discharged through the discharge pipe 417. Unqualified coal pushed by the pushing device is discharged through the open solenoid valve 418 (opening time 0.2 s) from the discharge pipe 419. The dust collector 10 works synchronously to collect the dust generated during the sorting process into the dust collection box.

[0064] It is understood that in this utility model, "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0065] It is further understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various types of information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first," "second," etc., are completely interchangeable. For example, without departing from the scope of this utility model, first information can also be called second information, and similarly, second information can also be called first information.

[0066] It is further understood that the terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “front,” “rear,” “up,” “down,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0067] It can be further understood that, unless otherwise specified, "connection" includes both direct connections where no other components exist between the two parties and indirect connections where other components exist between them.

[0068] It is further understood that although the operations are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this utility model, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order or serial order shown, or requiring all the operations shown to be performed to obtain the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0069] Other embodiments of this invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the technical concept described herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this invention that follow the general principles of this invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0070] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent dry separation device for pre-arranging gangue of coking coal, characterized by: It includes an upper sorting and conveying device (1), an upper X-ray generator (2), an upper X-ray receiver (3), an upper impact device (4), a lower sorting and conveying device (5), a lower X-ray generator (6), a lower X-ray receiver (7), a lower impact device (8), an equipment frame (9), a dust collector (10), and a control terminal (11). The upper X-ray generator (2), the upper impact device (4), the lower X-ray generator (6), and the lower impact device (8) are all installed on the equipment frame (9), and are equipped with a uniform dust collector (10) and a control terminal (11). The upper X-ray receiver (3) and the lower X-ray receiver (7) are respectively disposed in the inner cavity of the upper sorting and conveying device (1) and the lower sorting and conveying device (5); the upper sorting and conveying device (1) and the lower sorting and conveying device (5) each include a conveyor belt, a drive roller and a drive motor, and the drive roller is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the equipment frame (9) by bearings; The upper X-ray generator (2), upper X-ray receiver (3), lower X-ray generator (6), and lower X-ray receiver (7) are respectively located on the side close to the upper striking device (4) and the lower striking device (8).

2. The intelligent dry separation device for pre-removal of gangue from coking coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the equipment frame (9) and connected to the drive roller in the transmission roller through a coupling. The transmission belt is sleeved on the surface of the transmission roller, and the surface of the transmission belt is provided with anti-slip texture.

3. The intelligent dry separation device for pre-removal of gangue from coking coal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower sorting inlet (12) and the lower sorting inlet (13) are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the equipment frame (9) away from the dust collector (10).

4. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the equipment frame (9) near the dust collector (10) is fixedly connected to the upper sorting outlet (14) and the lower sorting outlet (15).

5. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the upper striking device (4) and the lower striking device (8) include a mounting box (41). A support base (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box (41). A dual-output shaft motor (43) is fixedly connected to the top of the support base (42). Cams (44) are fixedly connected to both ends of the dual-output shaft motor (43). One end of the output shaft of the dual-output shaft motor (43) extends through to the outside of the mounting box (41) and is fixedly connected to an active pulley (45).

6. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 5, characterized in that: Dampers (46) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting box (41). A separation box (47) is fixedly connected to the top of the damper (46). A spring (48) is sleeved on the surface of the damper (46). The two ends of the spring (48) are fixedly connected to the mounting box (41) and the separation box (47) respectively. The top of the cam (44) contacts the bottom of the separation box (47). A slide rail (49) is fixedly connected to the front end of the top of the mounting box (41) near the drive belt pulley (45). A slider (410) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the slide rail (49).

7. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 6, characterized in that: Spring 2 (411) is fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the slide rail (49) and the slider (410). Tensioner (412) is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider (410) through bearing. A receiving block (413) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the slider (410). A wedge (414) is slidably connected to the surface of the receiving block (413). The top of the wedge (414) is fixedly connected to the separation box (47).

8. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the separation box (47) is connected to a feed hopper (415), the inner cavity of the separation box (47) is fixedly connected to a screen (416), the bottom of one side of the separation box (47) is connected to a discharge pipe (417), one side of the separation box (47) and above the screen (416) is connected to a solenoid valve (418) associated with a pushing device, the other end of the solenoid valve (418) is connected to a discharge pipe (419), and a drive shaft (420) is provided on the top of the screen (416).

9. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive shaft (420) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box (47) via bearings. A receiving tube (421) is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft (420). A sliding rod (422) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the receiving tube (421). A support plate (423) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod (422). A hitting ball (424) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (423). A spring three (425) is sleeved on the surface of the receiving tube (421). The two ends of the spring three (425) are fixedly connected to the support plate (423) and the drive shaft (420) respectively. A driven gear (426) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (420) at both ends and the end located outside the separation box (47). A driving gear (427) meshes between the two driven gears (426).

10. The intelligent dry sorting equipment for pre-discharge of coking coal according to claim 9, characterized in that: The drive gear (427) is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft (420) located in the middle. The drive shaft (420) located in the middle and located outside the separator box (47) is fixedly connected to a driven pulley (428). A belt is sleeved between the drive pulley (45), the tensioner (412) and the driven pulley (428).

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