Battery monomer, battery pack and power utilization device

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery monomer, a battery pack and a power utilization device. The battery monomer comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, a top cover, an anti-explosion valve and a first filter screen assembly, the first filter screen assembly is arranged on the side, away from the electrode assembly, of the anti-explosion valve so as to prevent particulate matter from entering the shell. The first filter screen assembly comprises a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a connecting piece, the first filter screen and the second filter screen are arranged in a spaced mode in the first direction, and the first connecting piece is arranged between the first filter screen and the second filter screen in the first direction and matched with the first filter screen to define a first hollow structure. The first filter screen assembly can shield high-temperature and high-pressure emissions to realize double filtration, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are directly accumulated on the first filter screen assembly to protect an explosion-proof valve of the non-thermal-runaway battery monomer, and the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are prevented from entering the non-thermal-runaway battery monomer to prevent the explosion-proof valve of the non-thermal-runaway battery monomer from being damaged. And heat diffusion is effectively inhibited, so that the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] The mainstream batteries on the market currently have the characteristics of high energy density and long life. With the continuous development of the new energy market, the safety hazards of battery pack thermal runaway and thermal diffusion are also increasingly concerned by the public. After the thermal runaway of a battery cell, the high-temperature emissions generated will seriously affect the remaining battery cells, thereby causing thermal diffusion and leading to fire. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the thermal safety of the battery pack. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a battery cell, a battery pack, and an electrical device to solve the technical problem of heat diffusion caused by thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery cell, which has a first direction, and the battery cell includes: a shell having an opening; an electrode assembly, which is arranged in the shell; a top cover, which is arranged on the shell and used to close the opening, and the top cover has a pressure relief hole in the first direction; an explosion-proof valve, which is arranged in the pressure relief hole; and a first filter assembly, which is arranged on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly in the first direction to block particulate matter from entering the interior of the shell; wherein the first filter assembly includes a first filter, a second filter and a first connecting member, the first filter and the second filter are spaced apart in the first direction, and the first connecting member is arranged between the first filter and the second filter in the first direction, so that the first filter, the second filter and the first connecting member cooperate to form a first hollow structure.

[0005] In some embodiments, two ends of the first connecting member are respectively connected to an edge of the first filter screen and an edge of the second filter screen in a first direction.

[0006] In some embodiments, the battery cell has a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the first filter has a plurality of first connecting ribs on the reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of first connecting ribs are intersectingly arranged and cooperate to form a first through hole; the second filter has a plurality of second connecting ribs on the reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of second connecting ribs are intersectingly arranged and cooperate to form a second through hole; the inner contour size of the second through hole is smaller than the inner contour size of the first through hole.

[0007] In some embodiments, along the first direction, an orthographic projection of the first connecting rib and an orthographic projection of the second connecting rib are arranged at an angle on the reference plane.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first connecting member includes a first main body and a first extension, the first main body is provided with a first filter channel, the first extension is connected to the periphery of the first main body in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the two ends of the first main body in the first direction are respectively connected to the edge of the first filter screen and the edge of the second filter screen; wherein the first filter screen assembly covers the pressure relief hole in the first direction, and the first extension is connected to the top cover in the first direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes: a second filter assembly, which is arranged on the side of the explosion-proof valve close to the electrode assembly, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are both arranged in the pressure relief hole; the second filter assembly includes a third filter, a fourth filter and a second connecting member, the third filter and the fourth filter are spaced apart in the first direction, and the second connecting member is arranged between the third filter and the fourth filter in the first direction, so that the third filter, the fourth filter and the second connecting member cooperate to form a second hollow structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery cell has a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the first filter has multiple first connecting ribs on the reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the multiple first connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a first through hole; the second filter has multiple second connecting ribs on the reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the multiple second connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a second through hole; the third filter has multiple third connecting ribs on the reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the multiple third connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a third through hole; the fourth filter has multiple fourth connecting ribs on the reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the multiple fourth connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a fourth through hole; the inner contour size of the second through hole is smaller than the inner contour size of the first through hole; the inner contour size of the fourth through hole is smaller than the inner contour size of the third through hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inner contour size of the first through hole is equal to the inner contour size of the third through hole, and the inner contour size of the second through hole is equal to the inner contour size of the fourth through hole; or, the inner contour size of the third through hole is less than or equal to the inner contour size of the second through hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the top cover includes a cover body and a convex ring portion, the cover body is provided with a pressure relief hole, the convex ring portion is connected to the cover body in a direction perpendicular to the first direction and is arranged in the pressure relief hole; wherein the second filter assembly is against the convex ring portion in the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top cover is provided with a first accommodating hole and a second accommodating hole in a first direction, the first accommodating hole is connected to the second accommodating hole and forms a pressure relief hole, and the inner contour size of the second accommodating hole decreases along the direction approaching the electrode assembly; wherein, the first filter assembly and the explosion-proof valve are arranged in the first accommodating hole; the second filter assembly is arranged in the second accommodating hole.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising: a box body; and a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are disposed in the box body.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery pack, which is used to power the electrical device.

[0016] The technical effect of the present invention is to provide a battery cell, a battery pack, and an electrical device. When a battery cell has thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions ejected through the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell with thermal runaway are sprayed to other battery cells without thermal runaway. Since the first filter assembly includes a double-layer filter, the first filter assembly can block the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions to achieve double filtration, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are directly accumulated on the first filter assembly, so as to protect the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell without thermal runaway, and prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell without thermal runaway, effectively inhibit heat diffusion, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0017] Since the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly both include double-layer filters, the first filter assembly can block and filter high-temperature and high-pressure emissions, so that high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes are directly accumulated on the first filter assembly, and the second filter assembly blocks and filters high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with relatively small particle sizes passing through the explosion-proof valve, so that high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with relatively small particle sizes are directly accumulated on the second filter assembly, so as to perform multiple filtration on high-temperature and high-pressure emissions to prevent high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the non-thermal runaway battery cell, further inhibiting heat diffusion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of the present application will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the top cover assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the first filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 5The overall structure of the first filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of the first filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application mainly reflects the structure after the first filter and the second filter are connected.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the first filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 , which mainly reflects that the inner contour size of the second through hole is smaller than the inner contour size of the first through hole.

[0026] Figure 8 The overall structure of the first filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 2 , mainly reflecting the structure of the first connecting member.

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the first filter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application is disposed in a pressure relief hole.

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application are arranged in a pressure relief hole.

[0029] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the second filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0030] Fig.12 The overall structure of the second filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0031] Fig.13 The structural schematic diagram of the second filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application mainly reflects the structure after the first filter and the second filter are connected.

[0032] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the second filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 , which mainly reflects that the inner contour size of the fourth through hole is smaller than the inner contour size of the third through hole.

[0033] Fig.15 The overall structure of the second filter assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 , mainly reflecting the structure of the second connecting member.

[0034] Fig.16 A schematic structural diagram of a cover body provided in an embodiment of the present application having a convex ring portion for supporting a second filter assembly.

[0035] Fig.17A schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief hole provided in an embodiment of the present application having two accommodating holes.

[0036] Fig.18 for Fig. 9 The overall structure of the second filter assembly Figure 2 .

[0037] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] The components of the attached drawings are identified as follows:

[0039] 1 shell; 10 opening; 110 cavity; 2 electrode assembly; 3 top cover; 30 pressure relief hole; 4 explosion-proof valve;

[0040] 5 first filter assembly; 501 first filter; 502 second filter; 503 first connecting member; 5031 first filter channel; 510 first hollow structure; 511 first connecting rib; 512 second connecting rib; 513 first reinforcing rib; 521 first through hole; 522 second through hole; O first connecting point; P second connecting point; 520 first mesh structure; Q reference plane;

[0041] 311 first main body; 312 first extension; 313 second main body; 314 second extension;

[0042] 301 first receiving hole; 302 second receiving hole;

[0043] 31 cover body; 32 convex ring portion;

[0044] 6 second filter assembly; 601 third filter; 602 fourth filter; 603 second connecting piece; 6031 second filter channel; 610 second hollow structure; 611 third connecting rib; 612 fourth connecting rib; 613 second reinforcing rib; 621 third through hole; 622 fourth through hole; R third connecting point; S fourth connecting point; 620 second mesh structure;

[0045] 111 pole; 112 plastic;

[0046] Z is the first direction; X is the second direction; Y is the third direction;

[0047] 100 battery cells; 200 boxes; 300 box covers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application clear. The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application clear and complete. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the directional words such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" used generally refer to the upper, lower, left and right of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "stacked" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Generally, power batteries are equipped with explosion-proof valves on the top cover. In the case of battery abuse (improper charging, short circuit, exposure to harsh environment, etc.), the battery will produce a large amount of gas to open the explosion-proof valve to protect the battery, thereby improving the safety of the battery. However, when a battery cell has thermal runaway, the high-temperature emissions sprayed from the explosion-proof valve are easily sprayed onto the remaining battery cells, thereby causing heat diffusion and fire, affecting the safety performance of the battery.

[0051] In order to solve the technical problem of heat diffusion caused by thermal runaway of a battery cell, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a shell, an electrode assembly, a top cover, an explosion-proof valve and a first filter assembly. The shell has an opening, and the electrode assembly is arranged in the shell; the top cover is arranged on the shell to close the opening; the top cover is provided with a pressure relief hole in the first direction; the explosion-proof valve is arranged in the pressure relief hole; the first filter assembly is provided with the explosion-proof valve on the side away from the electrode assembly in the first direction to prevent particulate matter from entering the interior of the shell. Among them, the first filter assembly includes a first filter, a second filter and a connector, the first filter and the second filter are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and the first connector is arranged between the first filter and the second filter in the first direction, so that the first filter, the second filter and the first connector cooperate to form a first hollow structure. Therefore, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions ejected from the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell in thermal runaway are sprayed onto other battery cells in non-thermal runaway. Since the first filter assembly includes a double-layer filter, the first filter assembly can block the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions and achieve double filtration, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are directly accumulated on the first filter assembly to protect the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell in non-thermal runaway, and to prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell in non-thermal runaway, effectively suppressing heat diffusion, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery pack. This is explained in detail below.

[0052] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell 100 has a first direction Z, a second direction X, and a third direction Y that intersect each other. Optionally, the first direction Z, the second direction X, and the third direction Y are orthogonal to each other. The first direction Z may be the height direction of the battery cell 100, the second direction X may be the length direction of the battery cell 100, and the third direction Y may be the thickness direction of the battery cell 100.

[0053] The battery cell 100 includes a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2, a top cover 3, an explosion-proof valve 4, and a first filter assembly 5. The housing 1 has an opening 10, and the electrode assembly 2 is disposed in the housing 1; the top cover 3 is disposed on the housing 1 to close the opening 10; the top cover 3 is provided with a pressure relief hole 30 in the first direction Z; the explosion-proof valve 4 is disposed in the pressure relief hole 30; the first filter assembly 5 is provided on the side of the explosion-proof valve 4 away from the electrode assembly 2 in the first direction Z to prevent particles from entering the interior of the housing 1. Among them, the first filter assembly 5 includes a first filter 501, a second filter 502 and a connecting piece. The first filter assembly 5 includes a first filter 501, a second filter 502 and a first connecting piece 503. The first filter 501 and the second filter 502 are spaced apart in the first direction Z. The first connecting piece 503 is arranged between the first filter 501 and the second filter 502 in the first direction Z, so that the first filter 501, the second filter 502 and the first connecting piece 503 cooperate to form a first hollow structure 510. Therefore, when a battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions ejected through the explosion-proof valve 4 of the battery cell 100 are sprayed onto other battery cells 100 that are not in thermal runaway. Since the first filter assembly 5 includes a double-layer filter, the first filter assembly 5 can block and filter the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions, thereby achieving double filtration, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are directly accumulated on the first filter assembly 5, thereby protecting the explosion-proof valve 4 of the battery cell 100 that is not in thermal runaway, and preventing the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 that is not in thermal runaway, thereby effectively suppressing heat diffusion and improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0054] The housing 1 has an opening 10 at one end thereof and a cavity 110 communicating with the opening 10. The housing 1 includes a bottom wall, which is located at an end of the cavity 110 away from the opening 10 and is arranged opposite to the opening 10 in the first direction Z.

[0055] The electrode assembly 2 is disposed in the cavity 110 of the housing 1. The electrode assembly 2 includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are stacked, and the separator is disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.

[0056] The top cover 3 is disposed on the housing 1 to close the opening 10. The top cover 3 is provided with a pressure relief hole 30 in the first direction Z.

[0057] The explosion-proof valve 4 is arranged in the pressure relief hole 30. The explosion-proof valve 4 is a pressure relief device for the battery cell 100. When an accident occurs to the battery due to improper charging, short circuit or other abuse or exposure to a harsh environment such as high temperature, the high-energy battery will generate a large amount of gas and the temperature will rise sharply. The gas will break the explosion-proof valve 4 to achieve the purpose of pressure relief. The existence of the explosion-proof valve 4 greatly improves the safety performance of the battery.

[0058] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the first filter assembly 5 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 4 on a side away from the electrode assembly 2 in the first direction Z to prevent particles from entering the interior of the housing 1. The first filter assembly 5 includes a first filter 501, a second filter 502 and a first connector 503, the first connector 503 has a first filter channel 5031 extending along the first direction Z, and the first filter 501 and the second filter 502 are connected to the first connector 503 at both ends in the first direction Z, respectively.

[0059] Therefore, when a battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, when the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions ejected through the explosion-proof valve 4 of the battery cell in thermal runaway are sprayed to other battery cells 100 that are not in thermal runaway, the first filter 501 can block and filter the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes are directly accumulated on the surface of the first filter 501, and the second filter 502 can block and filter most of the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions passing through the first filter 501 for a second time, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are accumulated in the first filter channel 5031, so as to achieve double protection for the battery cells 100 that are not in thermal runaway, prevent high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 from the explosion-proof valve 4, effectively inhibit heat diffusion, and thereby improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0060] In one embodiment, the first end of the first connector 503 is connected to the edge of the first filter screen 501 in the first direction Z, and the second end of the first connector 503 is connected to the edge of the second filter screen 502 in the first direction Z, so that the first filter screen 501, the second filter screen 502 and the first connector 503 cooperate to form a first hollow structure 510. In this way, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions passing through the first filter screen 501 can be accumulated in the first filter channel 5031, and the first filter screen 501 and the second filter screen 502 are connected together by the first connector 503, which can facilitate the installation of the first filter assembly and improve the assembly efficiency.

[0061] The first connecting member 503 may be an annular structure, specifically including but not limited to a circular ring structure, an elliptical ring structure, and a square ring structure. The wall surface of the first connecting member 503 is a non-hollow structure, which can prevent high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from flying out of the first filter channel 5031.

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, the battery cell 100 has a reference plane Q perpendicular to the first direction Z, and the first filter 501 has a plurality of first connecting ribs 511 on the reference plane Q perpendicular to the first direction Z. The plurality of first connecting ribs 511 are intersectingly arranged and cooperate to form a first through hole 521, and the intersection positions are a plurality of first connection points O.

[0063] Specifically, the first connecting rib 511 includes a plurality of first sub-connecting ribs and a plurality of second sub-connecting ribs, the plurality of first sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, the plurality of second sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, and the position where the first sub-connecting ribs intersect with the second sub-connecting ribs is the first connecting point O. The first sub-connecting ribs intersect and cooperate with the second sub-connecting ribs to form a first through hole 521.

[0064] The second filter screen 502 has a plurality of second connection ribs 512 on a reference plane Q perpendicular to the first direction Z. The plurality of second connection ribs 512 are intersectingly arranged and cooperate to form a second through hole 522 , and the intersection position is a second connection point P.

[0065] Specifically, the second connecting rib 512 includes a plurality of third sub-connecting ribs and a plurality of fourth sub-connecting ribs, the plurality of third sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, the plurality of fourth sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, and the intersection position of the third sub-connecting ribs and the fourth sub-connecting ribs is the second connecting point P. The third sub-connecting ribs and the fourth sub-connecting ribs intersect and cooperate to form a second through hole 522.

[0066] In some embodiments, at least one first connection point O is connected to multiple second connection points P via multiple first reinforcement ribs 513, or multiple first connection points O are connected to at least one second connection point P via multiple first reinforcement ribs 513, so that the first filter 501, the second filter 502 and the first reinforcement ribs 513 cooperate to form a mesh structure. This not only increases the structural strength of the first filter assembly 5, but also allows the first mesh structure 520 to be directly nested inside the first connecting member 503 when the first filter assembly 5 is assembled, so as to improve assembly efficiency.

[0067] The above “at least one first connection point O is connected to multiple second connection points P through multiple first reinforcing ribs 513” can be understood as: one first connection point O is connected to multiple second connection points P through multiple first reinforcing ribs 513, for example, one first connection point O is connected to three second connection points P through three first reinforcing ribs 513. Alternatively, multiple first connection points O are connected to multiple second connection points P through multiple first reinforcing ribs 513, for example, three first connection points O are connected to three second connection points P through three first reinforcing ribs 513. The above “multiple first connection points O are connected to at least one second connection point P through multiple first reinforcing ribs 513” is also connected in a similar manner.

[0068] In some embodiments, the mesh number of the first filter 501 is the same as the mesh number of the second filter 502. It can be understood that the number of the first through holes 521 is the same as the number of the second through holes 522. The inner contour size of the second through hole 522 is the same as the inner contour size of the first through hole 521, and in the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the first connecting rib 511 and the orthographic projection of the second connecting rib 512 are arranged at an angle on the reference plane Q. In this way, when the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust passes through the first filter assembly 5, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust that is not blocked and filtered by the first filter 501 can be blocked and filtered by the second filter 502, so as to further prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust from contaminating the explosion-proof valve 4, and can achieve double protection for the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 from the explosion-proof valve 4, effectively inhibit heat diffusion, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0069] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the mesh number of the first filter 501 is smaller than the mesh number of the second filter 502. It can be understood that the number of the first through holes 521 is greater than the number of the second through holes 522. The inner contour size of the second through hole 522 is smaller than the inner contour size of the first through hole 521. In this way, when the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions pass through the first filter assembly 5, the first filter 501 can block and filter the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes, and accumulate on the surface of the first filter 501, and the second filter 502 can block and filter the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with relatively smaller particle sizes, and accumulate on the surface of the second filter 502, so as to prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from contaminating the explosion-proof valve 4, and can achieve double protection for the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 from the explosion-proof valve 4, effectively inhibit heat diffusion, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0070] In some embodiments, the inner contour size of the first through hole 521 is 0-1 mm, and the inner contour size of the second through hole 522 is 0-1 mm. It is understood that the inner contour size of the first through hole 521 is any one of 0.001, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 or a value between any two values. The inner contour size of the second through hole 522 is any one of 0.001, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 or a value between any two values.

[0071] The first through hole 521 and the second through hole 522 may be circular holes, triangular holes, etc., and the filtering size of high-temperature and high-pressure emissions may be controlled by adjusting the size and density of the through holes.

[0072] like Figure 8As shown, the first connecting member 503 includes a first main body portion 311 and a first extension portion 312 . The first main body portion 311 is annular and defines a first filtering channel 5031 . The first extension portion 312 is connected to the outer periphery of the first main body portion 311 perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0073] like Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the first filter assembly 5 covers the pressure relief hole 30 in the first direction Z, and the first extension 312 is connected to the top cover 3 in the first direction Z. It can be understood that the first main body 311 is arranged corresponding to the pressure relief hole 30, and the first extension 312 is attached to the upper surface of the top cover 3. The first filter assembly 5 can be installed on the upper surface of the top cover 3 by welding, bonding, etc. In another embodiment, the top cover 3 is provided with a groove connected to the pressure relief hole 30 in a direction perpendicular to the first direction Z. When the first filter assembly 5 is arranged in the pressure relief hole 30, at least a part of the first extension 312 is inserted into the groove to fix the first filter assembly 5. In order to improve the fixing effect of the first filter assembly 5, a colloid or other welding material is arranged between the inner wall of the pressure relief hole 30 and the outer wall of the first filter assembly 5. As long as the above-mentioned embodiment can ensure that when the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions pass through the first filter assembly 5, the first filter 501 can block the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes and accumulate on its surface, and the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions passing through the first filter 501 can accumulate in the first filter channel 5031, so as to achieve double protection for the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 from the explosion-proof valve 4, effectively inhibit heat diffusion, and thereby improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0074] To further suppress the problem of heat diffusion, such as Fig.10 As shown, the battery cell 100 further includes a second filter assembly 6, which is disposed on the side of the explosion-proof valve 4 close to the electrode assembly 2, and the first filter assembly 5 and the second filter assembly 6 are both disposed in the pressure relief hole 30. It can be understood that the explosion-proof valve 4 is disposed between the first filter assembly 5 and the second filter assembly 6 in the pressure relief hole 30, so that when the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions pass through the first filter assembly 5, the first filter assembly 5 can block and filter most of the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes, and even if the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with relatively small particle sizes pass through the explosion-proof valve 4, the second filter assembly 6 can block and filter these high-temperature and high-pressure emissions again, thereby blocking the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions outside the battery cell 100 as much as possible, preventing the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100, further inhibiting heat diffusion, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0075] like Figures 10 to 12As shown, in some embodiments, the second filter assembly 6 includes a third filter 601, a fourth filter 602 and a second connecting member 603, the second connecting member 603 has a second filter channel 6031 that passes through along the first direction Z, the third filter 601 and the fourth filter 602 are spaced apart in the first direction Z, and the second connecting member 603 is disposed between the third filter 601 and the fourth filter 602 in the first direction Z, so that the third filter 601, the fourth filter 602 and the second connecting member 603 cooperate to form a second hollow structure 610. Therefore, when a battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions ejected through the explosion-proof valve 4 of the battery cell 100 are sprayed onto other battery cells 100 that are not in thermal runaway. Since the first filter assembly 5 and the second filter assembly 6 both include double-layer filters, the first filter assembly 5 can block and filter the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes are directly accumulated on the first filter assembly 5, and the second filter assembly 6 blocks and filters the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with relatively smaller particle sizes that pass through the explosion-proof valve 4, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with relatively smaller particle sizes are directly accumulated on the second filter assembly 6, so as to perform multiple filtration of the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions to prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 that is not in thermal runaway, further inhibit heat diffusion, and thereby improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0076] In one embodiment, the first end of the second connector 603 is connected to the edge of the third filter screen 601, and the second end of the second connector 603 is connected to the edge of the fourth filter screen 602, so that the third filter screen 601, the fourth filter screen 602 and the second connector 603 cooperate to form a second hollow structure 610. In this way, the high-temperature and high-pressure discharge passing through the second filter screen 502 can be accumulated in the second filter channel 6031, and the third filter screen 601 and the fourth filter screen 602 are connected together by the second connector 603, which can facilitate the installation of the fourth filter assembly and improve the assembly efficiency.

[0077] The second connecting member 603 may be an annular structure, including but not limited to a circular ring structure, an elliptical ring structure, and a square ring structure. The wall surface of the second connecting member 603 is a non-hollow structure, which can prevent high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from flying out of the second filter channel 6031.

[0078] like Fig.13 As shown, the third filter screen 601 has a plurality of third connecting ribs 611 on a reference plane Q perpendicular to the first direction Z. The plurality of third connecting ribs 611 are intersectingly arranged and cooperate to form a third through hole 621 , and the intersection position is a third connecting point R.

[0079] Specifically, the third connecting rib 611 includes a plurality of fifth sub-connecting ribs and a plurality of sixth sub-connecting ribs, the plurality of fifth sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, the plurality of sixth sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, and the positions where the fifth sub-connecting ribs intersect with the sixth sub-connecting ribs are a plurality of third connecting points R. The fifth sub-connecting ribs intersect and cooperate with the sixth sub-connecting ribs to enclose the third through hole 621.

[0080] The fourth filter screen 602 has a plurality of fourth connecting ribs 612 on a reference plane Q perpendicular to the first direction Z. The plurality of fourth connecting ribs 612 are intersectingly arranged and cooperate to form a fourth through hole 622 , and the intersection position is a fourth connecting point S.

[0081] Specifically, the second connecting rib 512 includes a plurality of seventh sub-connecting ribs and a plurality of eighth sub-connecting ribs, the plurality of seventh sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, the plurality of eighth sub-connecting ribs are arranged in parallel, and the position where the seventh sub-connecting ribs intersect with the eighth sub-connecting ribs is the fourth connecting point S. The seventh sub-connecting ribs intersect with the eighth sub-connecting ribs to form a fourth through hole 622.

[0082] In some embodiments, at least one third connection point R is connected to multiple fourth connection points S via multiple second reinforcing ribs 613, or multiple third connection points R are connected to at least one fourth connection point S via multiple second reinforcing ribs 613, so that the third filter 601, the fourth filter 602 and the second reinforcing ribs 613 cooperate to form a second mesh structure 620. This not only increases the structural strength of the second filter assembly 6, but also allows the second mesh structure 620 to be directly nested inside the second connecting member 603 when the second filter assembly 6 is assembled, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0083] The above “at least one third connection point R is connected to multiple fourth connection points S through multiple second reinforcing ribs 613” can be understood as: one third connection point R is connected to multiple fourth connection points S through multiple second reinforcing ribs 613, for example, one third connection point R is connected to three fourth connection points S through three second reinforcing ribs 613. Alternatively, multiple third connection points R are connected to multiple fourth connection points S through multiple second reinforcing ribs 613, for example, three third connection points R are connected to three fourth connection points S through three second reinforcing ribs 613. The above “multiple third connection points R are connected to at least one fourth connection point S through multiple second reinforcing ribs 613” is also connected in a similar manner.

[0084] In some embodiments, the mesh number of the third filter screen 601 is the same as the mesh number of the fourth filter screen 602. It can be understood that the number of the third through holes 621 is the same as the number of the fourth through holes 622. The inner contour size of the third through hole 621 is the same as the inner contour size of the fourth through hole 622, and along the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the third connecting rib 611 and the orthographic projection of the fourth connecting rib 612 are arranged at an angle on the reference plane Q. In this way, when the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust passes through the first filter assembly 5, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust that is not blocked and filtered by the first filter assembly 5 can be blocked and filtered by the second filter assembly 6, so as to achieve multiple protection for the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust from entering the interior of the battery cell 100 from the explosion-proof valve 4, further inhibit heat diffusion, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0085] like Fig.14 As shown, in some embodiments, the mesh number of the third filter screen 601 is smaller than the mesh number of the fourth filter screen 602. It can be understood that the number of the third through holes 621 is greater than the number of the fourth through holes 622. The inner contour size of the fourth through hole 622 is smaller than the inner contour size of the third through hole 621. In this way, when the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions pass through the first filter screen assembly 5, the first filter screen assembly 5 can block and filter the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions with larger particle sizes, and accumulate on the first filter screen assembly 5. The high-temperature and high-pressure emissions passing through the explosion-proof valve 4 can be blocked and filtered by the second filter screen assembly 6 and accumulated in the second filter channel 6031, so as to achieve multiple protection for the battery cell 100 in non-thermal runaway, prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cell 100, effectively inhibit heat diffusion, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0086] In some embodiments, the inner contour size of the third through hole 621 is 0.5-1 mm, and the inner contour size of the fourth through hole 622 is 0.5-1 mm. It is understood that the inner contour size of the third through hole 621 is any one of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 or a value between any two values. The inner contour size of the fourth through hole 622 is any one of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 or a value between any two values.

[0087] The third through hole 621 and the fourth through hole 622 may be circular holes, triangular holes, etc., and the filtering size of high-temperature and high-pressure emissions may be controlled by adjusting the size and density of the through holes.

[0088] In one embodiment, the inner contour size of the first through hole 521 is equal to the inner contour size of the third through hole 621, and the inner contour size of the second through hole 522 is equal to the inner contour size of the fourth through hole 622. In other words, the structure of the first filter assembly 5 and the structure of the second filter assembly 6 can be exactly the same, which can simplify the preparation process of the filter assembly and improve production efficiency. In another embodiment, the inner contour size of the third through hole 621 is less than or equal to the inner contour size of the second through hole 522, so that the inner contour sizes of the filter holes of the two filter assemblies can be reduced successively in the direction close to the electrode assembly 2, so that high-temperature and high-pressure emissions can be further shielded and filtered, and multiple protections can be achieved for non-thermal runaway battery cells 100, preventing high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the battery cells 100, effectively suppressing heat diffusion, and thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0089] like Fig.15 As shown, the second connecting member 603 includes a second main body portion 313 and a second extension portion 314 . The second main body portion 313 is annular and defines a second filtering channel 6031 . The second extension portion 314 is connected to the outer periphery of the second main body portion 313 in a direction perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0090] like Fig.16 As shown, in some embodiments, the top cover 3 includes a cover body 31 and a convex ring portion 32, the cover body 31 is provided with a pressure relief hole 30, the convex ring portion 32 is connected to the cover body 31 perpendicular to the first direction Z, and is arranged in the pressure relief hole 30; wherein, the second filter assembly 6 abuts against the convex ring portion 32 in the first direction Z. In one embodiment, a portion of the fourth filter 602 can abut against the convex ring portion 32. In another embodiment, the second extension 314 of the second connecting member 603 can abut against the convex ring portion 32. In this way, the second filter assembly 6 can be prevented from falling into the interior of the battery cell 100, and can be blown out by the airflow when the battery cell 100 is working normally, and will not affect the normal opening of the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0091] The distance of the convex ring portion 32 in the radial direction of the pressure relief hole 30 is 0-2 mm, and can be specifically a value among 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or a value between any two values. The thickness of the convex ring portion 32 in the axial direction of the pressure relief hole 30 is 0-1 mm, and can be specifically a value among 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, or a value between any two values. The “distance of the convex ring portion 32 in the radial direction of the pressure relief hole 30” is the distance between the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the convex ring portion 32.

[0092] like Fig.17As shown, in one embodiment, the top cover 3 is provided with a first accommodating hole 301 and a second accommodating hole 302 in a first direction Z, the first accommodating hole 301 is communicated with the second accommodating hole 302 to form a pressure relief hole 30, and the inner contour dimension of the second accommodating hole 302 decreases in a direction approaching the electrode assembly 2 to clamp the second filter assembly 6 to prevent the second filter assembly 6 from falling into the interior of the battery cell 100, and can be blown out by the airflow when the battery cell 100 is working normally, and will not affect the normal opening of the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0093] The angle formed by the inner wall of the second accommodating hole 302 and the axis of the second accommodating hole 302 is 0-30°, and can specifically be a value among 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30° or a value between any two values.

[0094] like Figure 17 to Figure 18 As shown, the first filter assembly 5 and the explosion-proof valve 4 are arranged in the first receiving hole 301, and the second filter assembly 6 is arranged in the second receiving hole 302. In the second filter assembly 6, the projection area of ​​the fourth filter 602 on the reference plane Q is smaller than the projection area of ​​the third filter 601 on the reference plane Q, and the second connecting member 603 is obliquely connected to the third filter 601 and the fourth filter 602. When the second filter assembly 6 is arranged in the second receiving hole 302, the outer surface of the second connecting member 603 is in contact with the inner surface of the second receiving hole 302 to further prevent the second filter assembly 6 from falling into the interior of the battery cell 100, and can be blown out by the airflow when the battery cell 100 is working normally, and will not affect the normal opening of the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0095] The inner contour dimension of the first accommodating hole 301 is equal to the maximum inner contour dimension of the second accommodating hole 302 , which can facilitate the assembly of the second filter assembly 6 .

[0096] The materials used for the first filter screen 501, the second filter screen 502, the third filter screen 601 and the fourth filter screen 602 can be metal foil or non-metallic material. The metal foil can be selected from one or more of gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, etc. The non-metallic material can be selected from one or more of mica, ceramics, etc.

[0097] In some embodiments, the battery cell 100 further includes a pole 111 and an upper plastic 112 disposed on the top cover 3. The battery cell 100 further includes an electrolyte and other functional components. The electrolyte may be a conventional electrolyte or a special electrolyte with additives added thereto. The electrolyte is used to wet the electrode assembly 2.

[0098] like Fig.19As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery pack, including a box body 200, a plurality of battery cells 100 and a box cover 300, wherein the plurality of battery cells 100 are arranged in the box body 200, and the box cover 300 is arranged on the box body 200 and is used to close the opening 10 of the box body 200. When a certain battery cell 100 has thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions ejected through the explosion-proof valve 4 of the thermal runaway battery cell 100 are sprayed to other non-thermal runaway battery cells 100, because the battery cell 100 includes at least one filter assembly, the filter assembly can shield the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are directly accumulated on the filter assembly, so as to prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions from entering the interior of the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, effectively suppress heat diffusion, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0099] The battery cell 100 includes, but is not limited to, lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery pack is a power supply for electrical devices. Electrical devices can be mobile phones, portable devices, laptop computers, electric vehicles, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecrafts, etc.; electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.; electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.

[0100] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0101] The above is a detailed introduction to a battery cell, a battery pack and a power usage setting provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solutions and core ideas of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: The battery cell has a first direction, and the battery cell includes: a housing having an opening; an electrode assembly, wherein the electrode assembly is disposed in the housing; A top cover, the top cover is arranged on the shell and used to close the opening, and the top cover is provided with a pressure relief hole in the first direction; an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve being disposed in the pressure relief hole; and A first filter assembly, wherein the first filter assembly is disposed on a side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly in the first direction to prevent particles from entering the interior of the housing; Among them, the first filter assembly includes a first filter, a second filter and a first connecting member, the first filter and the second filter are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and the first connecting member is arranged between the first filter and the second filter in the first direction, so that the first filter, the second filter and the first connecting member cooperate to form a first hollow structure.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two ends of the first connecting member are respectively connected to an edge of the first filter screen and an edge of the second filter screen in the first direction.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell has a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, The first filter screen has a plurality of first connecting ribs on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of first connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a first through hole; The second filter screen has a plurality of second connecting ribs on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of second connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a second through hole; The inner contour dimension of the second through hole is smaller than the inner contour dimension of the first through hole.

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the first direction, an orthographic projection of the first connecting rib and an orthographic projection of the second connecting rib are arranged at an angle on the reference plane.

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting member includes a first main body and a first extension, the first main body is provided with a first filter channel, the first extension is connected to the outer periphery of the first main body in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and two ends of the first main body in the first direction are respectively connected to the edge of the first filter screen and the edge of the second filter screen; Wherein, the first filter assembly covers the pressure relief hole in the first direction, and the first extension portion is connected to the top cover in the first direction.

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell further comprises: A second filter assembly is arranged on a side of the explosion-proof valve close to the electrode assembly, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are both arranged in the pressure relief hole; The second filter assembly includes a third filter, a fourth filter and a second connecting member, the third filter and the fourth filter are spaced apart in the first direction, and the second connecting member is disposed between the third filter and the fourth filter in the first direction, so that the third filter, the fourth filter and the second connecting member cooperate to form a second hollow structure.

7. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery cell has a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, The first filter screen has a plurality of first connecting ribs on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of first connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a first through hole; The second filter screen has a plurality of second connecting ribs on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of second connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a second through hole; The third filter screen has a plurality of third connecting ribs on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of third connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a third through hole; The fourth filter screen has a plurality of fourth connecting ribs on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of fourth connecting ribs are intersected and matched to form a fourth through hole; The inner contour size of the second through hole is smaller than the inner contour size of the first through hole; The inner contour dimension of the fourth through hole is smaller than the inner contour dimension of the third through hole.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner contour size of the first through hole is equal to the inner contour size of the third through hole, and the inner contour size of the second through hole is equal to the inner contour size of the fourth through hole; or, The inner contour size of the third through hole is smaller than or equal to the inner contour size of the second through hole.

9. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top cover comprises a cover body and a convex ring portion, the cover body is provided with the pressure relief hole, the convex ring portion is connected to the cover body in a direction perpendicular to the first direction and is disposed in the pressure relief hole; Wherein, the second filter assembly abuts against the convex ring portion in the first direction.

10. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top cover is provided with a first accommodating hole and a second accommodating hole in the first direction, the first accommodating hole is connected with the second accommodating hole and forms the pressure relief hole, and the inner contour size of the second accommodating hole decreases along the direction approaching the electrode assembly; Wherein, the first filter assembly and the explosion-proof valve are arranged in the first accommodating hole; The second filter assembly is disposed in the second accommodating hole.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: Box; as well as A plurality of battery cells as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the plurality of battery cells are arranged in the box.

12. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery pack as claimed in claim 11, wherein the battery pack is used to supply power to the electrical device.

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