Preparation and detection method of processed bee pollen

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional food raw material processing and detection, and relates to a preparation and detection method of processed bee pollen, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) removing impurities from bee pollen, granulating, and sieving to obtain bee pollen particles; (2) processing the bee pollen particles by a stir-frying method; and (3) carrying out size stabilization and cooling on the processed bee pollen to obtain the processed bee pollen particles. According to the processing and extraction detection method, the additional value of the bee pollen is remarkably improved, the content of hormone components such as estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) can be effectively controlled after the natural bee pollen is processed, and the prepared processed bee pollen is not only suitable for the edible and medicinal fields, but also can be used as a cosmetic raw material; the bee pollen prepared by the method meets the requirements of different consumers, provides a new way for deep processing and comprehensive utilization of the bee pollen, and is expected to promote sustainable development and innovation of the bee pollen industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional food raw material processing and detection, and in particular relates to a preparation method of processed bee pollen and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bee pollen is a granular substance formed by bees collecting pollen from plant flowers and adding some nectar and bee saliva. It is rich in nutrients and has many physiological functions such as preventing aging, maintaining beauty, and enhancing immunity.

[0003] Bee pollen processing is to process raw bee pollen through a series of processes to make products suitable for food, medicine or cosmetics. The processing process can not only improve the edible safety and taste of bee pollen, but also extract and concentrate the effective ingredients in it, improve the nutritional value and health effects of the product. In addition, processing can also extend the shelf life of bee pollen and facilitate storage and transportation.

[0004] Industrialization has played a key role in the processing of bee pollen, ensuring product quality and increasing product diversity. With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the continuous improvement of consumers' health needs, how to provide a preparation method that can not only improve production efficiency, retain the natural characteristics and nutritional value of bee pollen, but also meet the needs of modern consumers for healthy and natural products is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0005] At the same time, bee pollen, as a pollen mass collected by bees from plants, contains a variety of plant hormones, including estradiol, testosterone and other sex hormones. The detection of bee pollen is also a complex and meticulous process, requiring the use of a variety of technologies and methods. Through scientific extraction and testing methods, the quality and safety of bee pollen can be ensured, providing strong protection for consumers' health. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing processed bee pollen particles and detecting the same. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of processed bee pollen, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) removing impurities from bee pollen, granulating it, and sieving it to obtain bee pollen granules;

[0009] (2) stir-frying the bee pollen particles over a slow fire until both sides of the bee pollen are dark yellow at a temperature of 100-140° C.;

[0010] (3) The processed bee pollen is granulated and cooled to obtain processed bee pollen granules.

[0011] The present invention effectively removes impurities through the steps of impurity removal, granulation, frying, etc., and improves the purity and uniformity of bee pollen. At the same time, by strictly controlling the frying temperature, etc., the stability and quality of the processed bee pollen are ensured. In addition, the processed bee pollen is quickly granulated and cooled, which further improves the appearance and storage stability of the product.

[0012] The present invention combines traditional ancient processing technology with modern processing methods to prepare a product suitable for food, medicine or cosmetics. It not only retains the natural characteristics of bee pollen and the advantages of traditional processing technology, but also improves processing efficiency and product quality through modern equipment and technology, providing new ideas for the modern processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. At the same time, the ancient processing technology has also been inherited and developed in this field, providing consumers with more diversified choices and cultural experiences.

[0013] Furthermore, in the step (1), the impurity removal process is performed by screening and / or air selection, and the mesh size of the bee pollen particles is 14-20 meshes.

[0014] Furthermore, in the step (1), the impurity removal treatment first removes large particles of impurities such as bee heads, wings, and limbs by screening, and then removes impurities such as dust and sand by air separation.

[0015] Furthermore, in the step (1), when the impurity removal treatment is carried out by air selection, the frequency of the frequency converter is controlled to be 28-40 Hz, and the wind speed at the air outlet is controlled to be 4-7 m / s; the best impurity removal effect is achieved by controlling the frequency converter frequency and wind speed.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step (1), the impurity-free bee pollen is extruded and granulated, and water is used as a wetting agent. The water addition ratio is 3.0-6.0% of the weight of the impurity-free bee pollen.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step (2), the granulation mesh size is 10-18 meshes.

[0018] The moisture content of the processed bee pollen granules after cooling is 3.0-6.0%, and they can be stored for a long time after being packaged.

[0019] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the processed bee pollen prepared as above, comprising the following steps:

[0020] 1) extracting the processed bee pollen granules with water, and then separating and collecting the extract;

[0021] 2) using tannic acid to remove protein from the extract, and concentrating and drying the clear solution after the protein removal to obtain the processed bee pollen water extract;

[0022] 3) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the characteristic components of processed bee pollen extract.

[0023] The present invention uses a water extraction method to separate characteristic components in processed bee pollen, and improves the purity of the extract by removing protein. At the same time, an efficient and accurate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method is used to quantitatively detect key characteristic components in processed bee pollen, effectively evaluate the quality and safety of the product, and provide a standard basis for quality judgment.

[0024] Furthermore, in the step 1), the extraction temperature is 70-85° C., and the extraction time is 30-60 min.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step 2), the temperature of the protein removal reaction is 40-50° C., and the amount of tannic acid added is 1.0-3.0% of the weight of the processed bee pollen particles.

[0026] Furthermore, in the step 2), the water content of the processed bee pollen water extract obtained is 3.0-6.0%, and it can be stored for a long time after being packaged.

[0027] Furthermore, in the step 3), the characteristic components detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) - double antibody sandwich method are estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T).

[0028] The content of estradiol (E2) in the processed bee pollen extract is 10-25pmol / L, and the content of testosterone (T) is 160-320pg / mL.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] The processing and extraction detection method of the present invention significantly improves the added value of bee pollen. After processing, the natural bee pollen can effectively control the content of hormone components such as estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T). The prepared processed bee pollen is not only suitable for edible and medicinal fields, but also can be used as a raw material for cosmetics, meeting the needs of different consumers. At the same time, the present invention provides a new way for the deep processing and comprehensive utilization of bee pollen, and is expected to promote the sustainable development and innovation of the bee pollen industry.

[0031] The processing and extraction process of the present invention focuses on environmental protection and sustainability. In the processing process, the environmental impact is reduced by optimizing process parameters and reducing waste generation; both the processing and extraction processes use raw and auxiliary materials from natural sources, which conforms to the green and environmentally friendly production concept. In addition, the preparation method of the present invention also takes into account the long-term storage stability of the product, which helps to reduce resource waste and environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1The present invention is a flow chart of the method for preparing bee pollen;

[0033] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of the bee pollen preparation and detection method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] Example:

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a preparation method of processed bee pollen comprises the following steps:

[0037] (1) Fresh, uncontaminated corn bee pollen was collected and preliminarily removed by screening and air separation. First, large particles of impurities such as bee heads, wings, and limbs were removed by screening, and then dust, sand, and other impurities were removed by air separation. The mesh size used for screening was 16 meshes, and the air separation used a vertical wind separator with a separation frequency set to 32.35 Hz and a measured outlet wind speed of 5 m / s. The frequency and wind speed of the frequency converter were controlled to achieve the best removal effect.

[0038] (2) Taking 100 parts of impurity-free bee pollen by weight, adding 4 parts of water as a wetting agent, and converting the bee pollen into granules by extrusion granulation, with an extrusion mesh size of 14 meshes;

[0039] (3) The bee pollen granules are prepared by frying, using a low fire at a frying temperature of 115° C. until both sides of the bee pollen are dark yellow. After the frying is completed, the bee pollen is quickly taken out and quickly granulated into 14 meshes. After the granulation is completed, the prepared bee pollen granules are placed in a clean tray for cooling; the cooled prepared bee pollen granules pass physical and chemical testing, and the moisture content meets the requirement of 3.0-6.0%, and can be stored for long-term use after being packaged.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the detection method of bee pollen prepared in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0041] 1) Taking 100 parts of processed bee pollen granules by weight, mixing them evenly with 800 parts of pure water, and then extracting them with water at a temperature of 75° C. for 30 min. After two extractions, the extracts were separated and collected to separate the characteristic components.

[0042] 2) adding 1.5% of the weight of the processed bee pollen particles as a food additive tannic acid to the extract to remove protein, and the reaction temperature is 45° C.; separating and removing impurities again, concentrating the clear liquid by nanofiltration and vacuum freeze drying to obtain the processed bee pollen water extract; the extract is subjected to physical and chemical testing, and the moisture content meets the requirement of 3.0-6.0%, and can be stored for a long time after being packaged.

[0043] 3) The characteristic components of processed bee pollen extract were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the contents of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in the processed bee pollen extract were measured by double antibody sandwich method.

[0044] The above-mentioned embodiment provides a safe, green and efficient method for preparing bee pollen, and provides a method for extracting and detecting characteristic components, which provides a basis for the sustainable use and quality determination of the product.

[0045] Comparative Example:

[0046] A bee pollen processing and detection method comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Collect fresh, uncontaminated bee pollen, and perform preliminary impurity removal on the bee pollen by combining screening and air selection; first, remove large particles of impurities such as bee heads, wings, and limbs by screening, and then remove impurities such as dust and sand by air selection; the mesh size used for screening is 16 meshes, and the air selection uses a vertical wind separator, the separation frequency is set to 32.35 Hz, and the wind speed at the outlet is measured to be 5 m / s;

[0048] (2) Taking 100 parts of impurity-removed bee pollen by weight, mixing them evenly with 800 parts of pure water, and then extracting them with water at a temperature of 75° C. and a time of 30 min. After two extractions, the extracts are separated and collected to separate the characteristic components; 1.5% of the weight of the bee pollen particles as a food additive tannic acid is added to the extract to remove protein at a reaction temperature of 45° C.; the impurities are separated and removed again, and the clear liquid is concentrated by nanofiltration and freeze-dried in a vacuum to obtain a bee pollen water extract; the extract is subjected to physical and chemical testing, and the moisture content meets the requirement of 3.0-6.0%.

[0049] The characteristic components of processed bee pollen extract were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the contents of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in processed bee pollen extract were measured by double antibody sandwich method.

[0050] Description of the test method:

[0051] The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay uses a double antibody sandwich method to detect the characteristic components of processed bee pollen extract. The extract sample is combined with the detection antibody to form an antibody-antigen-enzyme-labeled antibody complex. The color is developed through conversion, and the absorbance (OD value) is measured at a wavelength of 450nm using an enzyme reader. The content of the characteristic components in the sample is then calculated using the standard curve.

[0052] Specific steps:

[0053] 1. Add 50 μL of E2 and T standards of different concentrations to each standard well;

[0054] 2. Set up blank wells and sample wells respectively, add 40 μL of sample diluent to the sample wells on the plate, and then add 10 μL of the sample to be tested;

[0055] 3. Add 100 μL of enzyme-labeled reagent to each well, except for the blank well;

[0056] 4. After sealing the plate, incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes;

[0057] 5. Dilute the washing solution 20 times with distilled water and set aside;

[0058] 6. Remove the sealing film, discard the liquid, spin dry, fill each well with washing solution, let it stand for 30 seconds and then discard it, repeat the washing 5 times;

[0059] 7. Add 50 μL of color developer A to each well, then add 50 μL of color developer B, shake well for 5 minutes, and place in a 37°C incubator away from light for 15 minutes;

[0060] 8. Add 50 μL of stop solution to each well to terminate the reaction;

[0061] 9. Use the microplate reader to zero the blank well and measure the absorbance value of each well in sequence at a wavelength of 450 nm. The measurement should be completed within 15 minutes.

[0062] Calculation method: Use the concentration of the standard as the horizontal axis and the OD value as the vertical axis to draw a standard curve on the coordinate paper. Find the corresponding concentration from the standard curve based on the OD value of the sample; then multiply it by the dilution factor; this is the actual concentration (content) of the sample.

[0063] Test results:

[0064] The results of ELISA for the detection of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) are shown in Table 1:

[0065] Table 1 Results of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) tested

[0066]

[0067] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the processed bee pollen extract in the embodiment shows a significant effect in controlling the characteristic components of plant hormones, and these components are effectively controlled within a safe range. Compared with the bee pollen extract in the comparative example, the processed bee pollen extract in the embodiment significantly reduces the potential health risks, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the product.

[0068] In summary, the present invention not only provides a safe and effective new method for the preparation of bee pollen, but also shows significant advantages in controlling the characteristic components of plant hormones, which brings better development prospects for the application of bee pollen. The potential health risks of bee pollen are successfully reduced through the sophisticated preparation process, making the application of bee pollen extract in health products, food, cosmetics and other fields more extensive and in-depth. Furthermore, the extraction and detection method of the characteristic components provided by the present invention provides a scientific basis for the quality judgment of bee pollen products, helps to improve the market competitiveness and consumer trust of the products, and helps to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the bee pollen industry.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing bee pollen, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) removing impurities from bee pollen, granulating it, and sieving it to obtain bee pollen granules; (2) stir-frying the bee pollen particles over a slow fire until both sides of the bee pollen are dark yellow at a temperature of 100-140° C.; (3) The processed bee pollen is granulated and cooled to obtain processed bee pollen granules.

2. The method for preparing processed bee pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the impurity removal process is performed by screening and / or air selection, and the mesh size of the bee pollen particles is 14-20 meshes.

3. The method for preparing processed bee pollen according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step (1), when the impurity removal process is carried out by air selection, the frequency of the frequency converter is controlled to be 28-40 Hz, and the wind speed at the air outlet is 4-7 m / s.

4. The method for preparing processed bee pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the impurity-free bee pollen is extruded and granulated, and water is used as a wetting agent. The water is added in an amount of 3.0-6.0% by weight of the impurity-free bee pollen.

5. The method for preparing processed bee pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the granulation mesh size is 10-18 meshes.

6. A method for detecting processed bee pollen, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) extracting the processed bee pollen granules according to any one of claims 1 to 5 with water, and then separating and collecting the extract; 2) using tannic acid to remove protein from the extract, and concentrating and drying the clear solution after the protein removal to obtain the processed bee pollen water extract; 3) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the characteristic components of processed bee pollen extract.

7. The method for detecting processed bee pollen according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 1), the extraction temperature is 70-85° C. and the extraction time is 30-60 min.

8. The method for detecting processed bee pollen according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 2), the temperature of the protein removal reaction is 40-50° C., and the amount of tannic acid added is 1.0-3.0% of the weight of the processed bee pollen particles.

9. The method for detecting processed bee pollen according to claim 6, characterized in that: The characteristic components are estradiol and testosterone.

10. The method for detecting processed bee pollen according to claim 9, characterized in that: The double antibody sandwich method was used to detect the characteristic components.

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