A method, system, equipment, and medium for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soft magnetic materials technology, and discloses a method, system, equipment, and medium for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials. The method determines multiple candidate annealing temperatures based on the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of the soft magnetic material, and performs loss separation on the soft magnetic material to identify hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss. The total loss of the candidate annealing temperatures is then determined using these losses, and the optimal annealing temperature is determined based on the total loss. This loss decomposition improves the reliability of predicting changes in the magnetic property loss of soft magnetic materials, enhances the accuracy of annealing temperature selection, and optimizes the magnetic property loss of soft magnetic materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soft magnetic materials technology, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of power equipment towards maximum power, miniaturization, and wide bandwidth, higher requirements are being placed on soft magnetic materials used in power equipment. The advantages of nanocrystalline materials—high saturation magnetic flux density, high initial permeability, and low loss—are becoming increasingly apparent in high-frequency operating scenarios. Predicting the hysteresis and loss characteristics of soft magnetic materials under high-frequency excitation conditions is of great significance for the condition assessment of power equipment under different operating scenarios.

[0003] Currently, there are three main approaches to modeling the hysteresis characteristics of soft magnetic materials: 1) neural network method; 2) hybrid method based on hysteresis model and loss statistics theory; and 3) numerical method. The neural network method, from a data analysis perspective, predicts the hysteresis characteristics of soft magnetic materials by hierarchically processing a large amount of experimental data. However, this method requires analyzing a large amount of experimental data and cannot guarantee high reliability in practical engineering applications.

[0004] Based on the hysteresis model and loss statistics theory, this paper improves the original Bertotti loss separation model according to the loss formation mechanism. The classic Bertotti loss separation model divides the total loss of soft magnetic materials into three parts: hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and anomalous loss, and analyzes these three parts independently. Among them, the hysteresis model (static Preisach model, static JA hysteresis model) is used to calculate the static loss of soft magnetic materials. Classical eddy current loss and anomalous loss are classical loss expressions based on the Ohmic loss generated by the external alternating magnetic field and loss statistics theory. As the application scenarios of soft magnetic materials become more complex, improved models for complex excitations and high-frequency ranges have been proposed. Those skilled in the art consider the influence of the skin effect on iron loss and, combined with relevant classical loss calculation methods, propose a dynamic hysteresis model for high-frequency sinusoidal excitation. However, this model introduces a neural network shape factor coefficient, requires a large amount of experimental data for prediction, and has limited practicality.

[0005] Furthermore, annealing can improve the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials by changing their microstructure. The loss changes of soft magnetic materials affect their temperature treatment. However, the current prediction reliability of the magnetic loss changes of soft magnetic materials is poor, making it difficult to accurately select the annealing temperature to optimize the magnetic loss of soft magnetic materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, system, device and medium for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials, which solves the technical problem that the current prediction reliability of the magnetic property loss change of soft magnetic materials is poor and it is difficult to accurately select the annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials to optimize the magnetic property loss of soft magnetic materials.

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials, comprising:

[0008] Multiple candidate annealing temperatures were determined based on the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of soft magnetic materials.

[0009] The losses generated by the soft magnetic material at each of the candidate annealing temperatures are separated to obtain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss.

[0010] The total loss for each candidate annealing temperature is obtained using the hysteresis loss, the eddy current loss, and the abnormal loss.

[0011] By comparing the total loss of each candidate annealing temperature, the candidate annealing temperature with the minimum total loss is selected as the first optimal annealing temperature for the soft magnetic material.

[0012] Preferably, the candidate annealing temperature covers the crystallization temperature range and the Curie temperature.

[0013] Preferably, the hysteresis loss is determined by calculating the magnetic field strength corresponding to the static hysteresis loss of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring at the candidate annealing temperature using the Preisach model.

[0014] Preferably, the abnormal loss is derived from magnetic domain theory; wherein, the abnormal loss derived from magnetic domain theory is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, The annealing temperature is Abnormal losses, The electrical conductivity of the material, The cross-sectional area of ​​the material. These are statistical parameters for abnormal losses. For the excitation frequency, The annealing temperature. The coefficient is dimensionless. It is a constant. To determine the sign of the derivative, It represents the magnetic field strength. For time; among which,

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, , , , , , , , , , , , All are fitting coefficients.

[0019] Preferably, the eddy current loss is calculated using a piecewise linear method as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, For eddy current losses, The scaling factor for segment i. Let i be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity in segment i. To output the hysteresis angle, Angular frequency, Total number of segments For segment index, Let be the magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material. It is a constant. Let be the magnetic field strength at time t. It represents the magnetic field strength. The proportionality coefficient for segment n. Let n be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity under segment n. The output lag angle is given for n segments.

[0022] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0023] Based on the hysteresis loss, the eddy current loss, the abnormal loss, and the total loss, determine the proportion of hysteresis loss, the proportion of eddy current loss, and the proportion of abnormal loss.

[0024] The second optimal annealing temperature is determined from a plurality of candidate annealing temperatures based on the hysteresis loss ratio, the eddy current loss ratio, or the abnormal loss ratio.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention provides an optimal annealing temperature selection system for soft magnetic materials, comprising:

[0026] The candidate temperature determination module is used to determine multiple candidate annealing temperatures based on the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of the soft magnetic material.

[0027] The loss separation module is used to separate the losses generated by the soft magnetic material at each of the candidate annealing temperatures to obtain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss;

[0028] The total loss determination module is used to obtain the total loss for each candidate annealing temperature using the hysteresis loss, the eddy current loss, and the abnormal loss.

[0029] The annealing temperature selection module is used to compare the total loss of each candidate annealing temperature and select the candidate annealing temperature with the minimum total loss as the first optimal annealing temperature of the soft magnetic material.

[0030] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by the processor causing the processor to perform the steps of the method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials as described in the first aspect.

[0031] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the steps of the method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials as described in the first aspect.

[0032] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein, when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials as described in the first aspect.

[0033] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this invention determines multiple candidate annealing temperatures by using the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of soft magnetic materials, and separates the soft magnetic materials into hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss. The total loss of the candidate annealing temperatures is determined by using the hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss, and the optimal annealing temperature is determined by using the total loss. Thus, the reliability of predicting the change of magnetic property loss of soft magnetic materials is improved by loss decomposition, and the accuracy of selecting the annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials is improved, thereby optimizing the magnetic property loss of soft magnetic materials. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the annealing process for nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials.

[0037] Figure 3 The fitting results are for hysteresis loops with different magnetic flux densities;

[0038] Figure 4 The basic magnetization curves of nanocrystalline magnetic rings at different annealing temperatures are shown.

[0039] Figure 5a , Figure 5b A comparison of dynamic hysteresis loop fitting and measurement for each annealing temperature treatment;

[0040] Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 6c , Figure 6d The graph shows the change of the proportion of each loss at different operating frequencies with annealing temperature.

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an optimal annealing temperature selection system for a soft magnetic material;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] This application provides a method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of a soft magnetic material. This embodiment is applicable to the selection of the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials. The method can be executed by a device for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials. The device for selecting the optimal annealing temperature of soft magnetic materials can be implemented in hardware and / or software and can be configured in a computer device.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for selecting the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials, including the following steps S1 to S4. Wherein:

[0046] Step S1: Determine multiple candidate annealing temperatures based on the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of the soft magnetic material.

[0047] In this application, the soft magnetic material targeted is primarily a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material. Multiple candidate annealing temperatures are set based on the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, and these candidate annealing temperatures cover both the crystallization temperature range and the Curie temperature range, thereby improving the accuracy of the annealing temperature. Simultaneously, to improve the efficiency of annealing temperature selection, the error in the coverage of the crystallization temperature range and the Curie temperature by the candidate annealing temperatures should not be too large, and the error can be within 50 degrees Celsius.

[0048] For example, the crystallization temperature of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is 510°C, the Curie temperature is 565°C, and five candidate annealing temperatures of 520°C, 540°C, 560°C, 580°C, and 600°C can be set.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, during the annealing process of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, a three-stage gradient heating method was used to heat-treat the nanocrystalline magnetic ring. After the annealing furnace was evacuated to a vacuum, the annealing temperature was increased at a rate of 10℃ / min to reach the target temperature of the first heating stage and held for 10 min. Then, the annealing temperature was increased at a rate of 5℃ / min to reach the target temperature of the second heating stage and held for 10 min. Finally, the annealing temperature was increased at a rate of 1℃ / min to reach the target annealing temperature and held for 2 h to ensure sufficient crystallization inside the nanocrystalline magnetic ring material. Finally, the nanocrystalline magnetic ring was removed when the temperature inside the vacuum annealing furnace reached room temperature.

[0050] Step S2: Separate the losses generated by the soft magnetic material at each candidate annealing temperature to obtain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss.

[0051] Among them, based on field separation technology and the principle of loss separation consistency, the losses generated by soft magnetic materials are separated into hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss through the Bertotti loss separation model.

[0052] Among them, the hysteresis model (static Preisach model, static JA hysteresis model) is used to calculate the static loss component of soft magnetic materials. Classical eddy current loss and anomalous loss are classical loss expressions established based on the ohmic loss generated by an external alternating magnetic field and loss statistics theory.

[0053] Specifically, since both eddy current loss and abnormal loss are closely related to the excitation frequency, when the applied excitation frequency is close to 0, the total loss of the soft magnetic material is only the hysteresis loss. Therefore, the hysteresis loss is determined by calculating the magnetic field strength corresponding to the static hysteresis loss of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring at the candidate annealing temperature using the Preisach model.

[0054] The Preisach density function (also known as the distribution function) is defined based on experimental data or material properties. This function describes the weight of different magnetization states. The Preisach model and the known density function are used to simulate the hysteresis loop under different magnetic field strengths. By integrating the relationship curve between magnetization and magnetic field on the hysteresis loop, the total hysteresis loss over one period can be obtained.

[0055] The abnormal loss is derived from magnetic domain theory; the abnormal loss derived from magnetic domain theory is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, The annealing temperature is Abnormal losses, The electrical conductivity of the material, The cross-sectional area of ​​the material. These are statistical parameters for abnormal losses. For the excitation frequency, The annealing temperature. The coefficient is dimensionless. The value is 0.1356. It is a constant. The value of and The symbol is related, when When it is a positive value, The value is 1, when When it is negative, The value is -1. To determine the sign of the derivative, It represents the magnetic field strength. For time; where, under a working magnetic flux density of Bm=0.8T, based on the identification results of the abnormal loss parameter V of the nanocrystalline magnetic rings after annealing at various temperatures under various working conditions, the abnormal loss parameter V at each frequency is combined with the annealing temperature, and the relationship between the annealing temperature coefficient and the abnormal loss parameter V is fitted as follows:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, , , , , , , , , , , , All are fitting coefficients.

[0060] The eddy current loss is calculated using the piecewise linear method as follows:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, For eddy current losses, The scaling factor for segment i. Let i be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity in segment i. To output the hysteresis angle, Angular frequency, Total number of segments For segment index, Let be the magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material. It is a constant. Let be the magnetic field strength at time t. It represents the magnetic field strength. The proportionality coefficient for segment n. Let n be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity under segment n. The output lag angle is given for n segments.

[0063] It should be noted that, based on the high-frequency dynamic hysteresis model that takes into account the skin effect, a piecewise linear method is used to approximate the basic magnetization curves at different annealing temperatures, thereby obtaining the eddy current losses at different annealing temperatures.

[0064] Specifically, the eddy current loss is calculated based on Maxwell's equations as follows:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, Let be the magnetic field strength in the y-direction. In the y-direction, Let be the magnetic flux density in the y-direction.

[0067] When a soft magnetic material is in an unsaturated magnetization state, its permeability is... It can be considered a constant. Therefore, the basic magnetization curve of soft magnetic materials can be approximated by a piecewise linear law.

[0068] Among these methods, the magnetic properties of a magnetic ring under alternating current can be measured using a Brookhaus system. By inputting a signal from 5 to 20 kHz, hysteresis loops at different magnetic flux densities (0.1-1.2 T) can be obtained. The connection points of the vertices of the hysteresis loops at different magnetic flux densities constitute the basic magnetization curve, and its slope is the permeability. This is used to calculate the intensity of eddy current magnetic fields. For example... Figure 3 The fitting results of hysteresis loops for different magnetic flux densities shown are obtained by using the piecewise linear method, which involves measuring the permeability at multiple magnetic flux densities. This allows for a more accurate numerical description of the eddy current magnetic field strength, thereby making the fitting of the hysteresis loop more accurate.

[0069] In the magnetization saturation state, the following can be used: Horizontal approximation yields

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, Let be the magnetic flux density of the i-th segment. For maximum magnetic field strength, Segmentation points at different annealing temperatures The corresponding permeability, This is the intercept on the B-axis. Section 1 The Maxwell equations are as follows:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, The magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material is given by , where j is an imaginary number and angular frequency is . , For the excitation frequency, The amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field strength ; To reach skin depth, The total magnetic field strength inside the material is obtained by solving the problem. for:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, For wave vector, For strip thickness, wave vector In this embodiment, the magnetic field strength corresponding to eddy current loss is approximated as the average magnetic field strength. Therefore, the magnetic field strength corresponding to the average eddy current loss inside the nanocrystal is... for:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, The proportionality coefficient is expressed as follows:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, Skin coefficient, , All are related to skin depth The relevant initial phase angle and output hysteresis angle The expressions for each parameter are as follows:

[0080]

[0081] When a material changes from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, based on the ideal saturated state... By establishing the step response relationship and setting Maxwell's equations for material saturation, the total magnetic field strength of the material can be obtained. for:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, Let be the equivalent yield effect depth in the y-direction at time t. Let n be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field strength. The expression is:

[0084]

[0085] when At that time, the magnetic field strength of the applied alternating magnetic field for:

[0086]

[0087] The expression for the magnetic field strength of the eddy current loss in the saturated state of the soft magnetic material is:

[0088]

[0089] In summary, combining the calculation formulas for eddy current losses in the unsaturated and saturated states of magnetic materials, and referring to... Figure 4 The basic magnetization curves of nanocrystalline magnetic rings at different annealing temperatures are shown in the figure. The magnetic field strength corresponding to eddy current loss under high-frequency excitation is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, For eddy current losses, The scaling factor for segment i. Let i be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity in segment i. To output the hysteresis angle, Angular frequency, Total number of segments For segment index, Let be the magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material. It is a constant. Let be the magnetic field strength at time t. It represents the magnetic field strength. The proportionality coefficient for segment n. Let n be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity under segment n. The output lag angle is given for n segments.

[0092] Step S3: Calculate the total loss for each candidate annealing temperature using hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss.

[0093] The sum of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss is the total loss at the candidate annealing temperature.

[0094] Step S4: Compare the total loss of each candidate annealing temperature and select the candidate annealing temperature with the minimum total loss as the first optimal annealing temperature for the soft magnetic material.

[0095] Understandably, in order to reduce the total loss of soft magnetic materials, it is necessary to determine the candidate annealing temperature with the minimum total loss as the optimal annealing temperature for soft magnetic materials.

[0096] like Figure 5a As shown in Figure ~b, the comparison between the dynamic hysteresis loop fitting and measurement at various annealing temperatures reveals that as the working magnetic flux density and frequency of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring increase, the magnetization trajectory of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring at different annealing temperatures can be fitted relatively accurately, verifying the effectiveness of considering the skin effect in high-frequency loss calculations. Analysis of the hysteresis loop fitting results at different annealing temperatures shows that the total loss value of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring is greater when approaching the crystallization temperature of the nanocrystalline material, resulting in a larger error in the hysteresis loop fitting. As the annealing temperature increases to the optimal annealing temperature range for the nanocrystalline material, the total loss value of the nanocrystalline ring decreases, and the hysteresis loop prediction becomes more accurate.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, multiple candidate annealing temperatures are determined by the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of the soft magnetic material. The soft magnetic material is then subjected to loss separation to extract hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss. The total loss of the candidate annealing temperatures is determined using the hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss. The optimal annealing temperature is then determined by the total loss. This loss decomposition improves the reliability of predicting changes in the magnetic property loss of the soft magnetic material and enhances the accuracy of selecting the annealing temperature, thereby optimizing the magnetic property loss of the soft magnetic material.

[0098] In some embodiments, due to varying requirements, the proportion of each loss component in nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials changes with annealing temperature at different operating frequencies. Hysteresis loss reaches its maximum near the crystallization temperature, and its proportion decreases as the annealing temperature increases. The main factor affecting iron loss is grain size. As grain size increases, grain boundaries decrease, intragranular defect density decreases, and the resistance to domain wall movement decreases, thus reducing iron loss. When the annealing temperature reaches the Curie temperature range of the nanocrystalline material, the hysteresis loss value reaches its minimum and its proportion is at a relatively low level.

[0099] As the operating frequency of nanocrystalline materials increases, it becomes necessary to adjust the heat treatment conditions according to application requirements. Figure 6a As shown in ~d, the proportion of each loss varies with annealing temperature at different operating frequencies. It can be seen that the proportion of hysteresis loss reaches its minimum under different annealing temperatures when applied to different operating frequencies. Therefore, in practical applications, to obtain ideal magnetic properties, the annealing conditions can be adjusted, and different annealing temperatures can be set for magnetic components for different frequency conditions.

[0100] Therefore, this method also includes:

[0101] S501. Determine the percentage of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, abnormal loss, and total loss based on hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss.

[0102] S502. Determine the second optimal annealing temperature from multiple candidate annealing temperatures based on the proportion of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, or abnormal loss.

[0103] Based on the loss requirements, the candidate annealing temperature corresponding to the smallest proportion of hysteresis loss, the smallest proportion of eddy current loss, or the smallest proportion of abnormal loss can be selected as the optimal annealing temperature.

[0104] For example, from the perspective of improving product characteristics, if eddy current loss is large, the product thickness can be improved by improving the skin effect, or the electric field distribution can be improved by using an equalizing ring. However, since the experiment is conducted at limited annealing temperatures and frequencies, in order to obtain ideal magnetic properties in practical applications, the annealing conditions can be adjusted, and different annealing temperatures can be set for magnetic components for different frequency operating conditions to obtain the minimum loss.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an optimal annealing temperature selection system for soft magnetic materials for implementing the above-mentioned optimal annealing temperature selection method for soft magnetic materials.

[0106] The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of the one or more soft magnetic material optimal annealing temperature selection system embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the soft magnetic material optimal annealing temperature selection method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0107] like Figure 7 As shown, this application provides an optimal annealing temperature selection system for soft magnetic materials, including:

[0108] The candidate temperature determination module 100 is used to determine multiple candidate annealing temperatures based on the crystallization temperature range and Curie temperature of the soft magnetic material.

[0109] The loss separation module 200 is used to separate the losses generated by the soft magnetic material at each candidate annealing temperature to obtain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss.

[0110] The total loss determination module 300 is used to obtain the total loss for each candidate annealing temperature using hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss.

[0111] Annealing temperature selection module 400 is used to compare the total loss of each candidate annealing temperature and select the candidate annealing temperature with the minimum total loss as the first optimal annealing temperature for the soft magnetic material.

[0112] In some embodiments, the candidate annealing temperature covers the crystallization temperature range and the Curie temperature.

[0113] In some embodiments, the hysteresis loss is determined by calculating the magnetic field strength corresponding to the static hysteresis loss of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring at the candidate annealing temperature using the Preisach model.

[0114] In some embodiments, the abnormal loss is derived from magnetic domain theory; wherein, the abnormal loss derived from magnetic domain theory is:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, The annealing temperature is Abnormal losses, The electrical conductivity of the material, The cross-sectional area of ​​the material. These are statistical parameters for abnormal losses. For the excitation frequency, The annealing temperature. The coefficient is dimensionless. It is a constant. To determine the sign of the derivative, It represents the magnetic field strength. For time; among which,

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, , , , , , , , , , , , All are fitting coefficients.

[0119] In some embodiments, eddy current losses are calculated using a piecewise linear method as follows:

[0120]

[0121] In the formula, For eddy current losses, The scaling factor for segment i. Let i be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity in segment i. To output the hysteresis angle, Angular frequency, Total number of segments For segment index, Let be the magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material. It is a constant. Let be the magnetic field strength at time t. It represents the magnetic field strength. The proportionality coefficient for segment n. Let n be the amplitude of the external alternating magnetic field intensity under segment n. The output lag angle is given for n segments.

[0122] In some embodiments, the system further includes:

[0123] The loss ratio module is used to determine the percentage of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and abnormal loss based on hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, abnormal loss, and total loss.

[0124] The annealing temperature optimization module is used to determine the second optimal annealing temperature from multiple candidate annealing temperatures based on the proportion of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, or abnormal loss.

[0125] like Figure 8 As shown, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device. The electronic device 10 includes a memory 20 and a processor 30. The memory 20 stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor 30, the processor 30 performs the steps of the optimal annealing temperature selection method for soft magnetic materials as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0126] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed, implements the steps of the optimal annealing temperature selection method for soft magnetic materials as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0127] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the optimal annealing temperature selection method for soft magnetic materials as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, electronic devices, computer storage media, and computer program products described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0129] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0130] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it will be understood that each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the figures. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved.

[0131] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, electronic devices, computer storage media, computer program products, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0132] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0133] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0134] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for executing all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention through a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.). The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0135] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for selecting an optimal annealing temperature of a soft magnetic material, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of candidate annealing temperatures according to a crystallization temperature range and a Curie temperature of a soft magnetic material; separating the loss generated by the soft magnetic material at each of the candidate annealing temperatures to obtain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss; the hysteresis loss is determined by calculating the magnetic field strength corresponding to the nanocrystalline magnetic ring static hysteresis loss at the candidate annealing temperature through the Preisach model; the abnormal loss is derived from the magnetic domain theory; wherein the abnormal loss derived from the magnetic domain theory is: ； wherein is the annealing temperature is the anomalous loss, is the electrical conductivity of the material, is the cross-sectional area of the material, is the anomalous loss statistical parameter, is the excitation frequency, is the annealing temperature, is the dimensionless coefficient, is the constant, is the derivative symbol, is the magnetic induction, is the time; wherein, ； wherein , , , , , , , , , , , are fitting coefficients; the eddy current loss is calculated by the piecewise linear method as: ； wherein, is the eddy current loss, is the proportionality coefficient under the i-th segment, is the external alternating magnetic field strength amplitude under the i-th segment, is the output lag angle, is the angular frequency, is the total number of segments, is the segment index, is the magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material, is a constant, is the magnetic induction at time t, is the magnetic induction, is the proportionality coefficient under the n-th segment, is the external alternating magnetic field strength amplitude under the n-th segment, is the output lag angle under the n-th segment; using the hysteresis loss, the eddy current loss and the abnormal loss to obtain the total loss of each of the candidate annealing temperatures; comparing the size of the total loss of each of the candidate annealing temperatures, and screening out the candidate annealing temperature with the smallest total loss as the first optimal annealing temperature of the soft magnetic material.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic material is a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material. The candidate annealing temperatures cover the crystallization temperature range and the Curie temperature.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic material is a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material. Further comprising: determining the hysteresis loss ratio, the eddy current loss ratio and the abnormal loss ratio according to the hysteresis loss, the eddy current loss, the abnormal loss and the total loss; determining the second optimal annealing temperature from the plurality of candidate annealing temperatures according to the hysteresis loss ratio, the eddy current loss ratio or the abnormal loss ratio.

4. A system for selecting an optimal annealing temperature of a soft magnetic material, characterized by The method comprises the following steps: a candidate temperature determination module for determining a plurality of candidate annealing temperatures according to a crystallization temperature range and a Curie temperature of a soft magnetic material; a loss separation module for separating the loss generated by the soft magnetic material at each of the candidate annealing temperatures to obtain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and abnormal loss; the hysteresis loss is determined by calculating the magnetic field strength corresponding to the nanocrystalline magnetic ring static hysteresis loss at the candidate annealing temperature through the Preisach model; the abnormal loss is derived from the magnetic domain theory; wherein the abnormal loss derived from the magnetic domain theory is: ； wherein is the annealing temperature is the anomalous loss, is the electrical conductivity of the material, is the cross-sectional area of the material, is the anomalous loss statistical parameter, is the excitation frequency, is the annealing temperature, is the dimensionless coefficient, is the constant, is the derivative symbol, is the magnetic induction, is the time; wherein, ； wherein , , , , , , , , , , , are fitting coefficients; the eddy current loss is calculated by the piecewise linear method as: ； wherein, is the eddy current loss, is the proportional coefficient under i-th segment, is the external alternating magnetic field strength amplitude under i-th segment, is the output lag angle, is the angular frequency, is the total number of segments, is the segment index, is the magnetic field strength at the upper and lower surfaces of the material, is a constant, is the magnetic induction intensity at time t, is the magnetic induction intensity, is the proportional coefficient under n-th segment, is the external alternating magnetic field strength amplitude under n-th segment, is the output lag angle under n-th segment; a total loss determination module for using the hysteresis loss, the eddy current loss and the abnormal loss to obtain the total loss of each of the candidate annealing temperatures; an annealing temperature selection module for comparing the size of the total loss of each of the candidate annealing temperatures, and screening out the candidate annealing temperature with the smallest total loss as the first optimal annealing temperature of the soft magnetic material.

5. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to make the processor execute the steps of the optimal annealing temperature selection method of the soft magnetic material according to any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed to implement the steps of the optimal annealing temperature selection method of the soft magnetic material according to any one of claims 1-3.

7. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprises program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the steps of the optimal annealing temperature selection method of the soft magnetic material according to any one of claims 1-3.

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