A method for spin forming an elevator return pulley

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for spin forming an elevator return pulley, which relates to the technical field of elevator part processing. The method includes designing a spin forming process, designing a spin blank, designing a spin forming process, spin forming, and inspecting parts. The spin forming process sequentially includes designing a spin forming die, designing the attack angle and profile of the spinning wheel, designing the clearance line of the spinning wheel, designing the spin forming trajectory, generating a spin forming program, and designing spin forming parameters. The spin forming sequentially includes spin forming the small end, spin forming the large end, and eccentric spin forming the rope groove structure. This application can overcome the disadvantages of casting processing technology and welding technology, and can greatly shorten the processing cycle, improve the processing efficiency. Moreover, spin forming can harden the material and improve the hardness of the material. Through conventional spin forming and eccentric spin forming, the material hardness is increased from HB180 to HB310, greatly improving the strength of the material and enhancing the safety of the product. Under the same strength requirements, spin forming can meet the requirements of product lightweight design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of elevator part processing, and particularly relates to a spinning forming method for an elevator deflection sheave. Background Art

[0002] The elevator deflection sheave part is an indispensable part in the elevator industry. During the operation of the elevator, it is a key load-bearing component that needs to have sufficient strength to withstand sufficient loads. Due to the limitations of processing technology, the previous forming methods were generally precision machining after casting or welding after separate machining.

[0003] First of all, the welding method is likely to produce microscopic defects in the weld, which is not conducive to the improvement of the overall performance. Reducing the welding process of the elevator deflection sheave part or realizing the integral forming of the elevator deflection sheave part is beneficial to the improvement of the overall performance, which is very important for the safety of elevator operation. In addition, the casting forming process also has defects such as sand holes and pits. In addition, the machining efficiency of this product is much lower than that of spinning.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spinning forming method for an elevator deflection sheave to solve the technical problems that the existing forming method of the elevator deflection sheave is not conducive to the improvement of the overall performance and has low processing efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a spinning forming method for an elevator deflection sheave, including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, design the spinning process. The spinning process is to use the uniformly distributed hole positions as the spinning processing reference, the flange surface as the fixed surface, first use the internal spinning processing method to spin the small end C , and then spin the large end through multiple passes of conventional spinning B . Finally, form the rope groove through eccentric spinning to ensure that the pitch diameters of each rope groove A are consistent; D

[0008] Step 2, design the spinning blank. Determine the required blank sizes for the large end and the small end according to the spinning process and the product structure;

[0009] Step 3, design the spinning process. The spinning process sequentially includes designing the spinning mandrel, designing the attack angle and profile of the spinning wheel, designing the clearance line of the spinning wheel, designing the spinning trajectory, generating the spinning program, and designing the spinning parameters;

[0010] Among them, the swaging angle of the small end is 20°, and the swaging wheel at the small end is a single conical surface swaging wheel. The radius R of the swaging wheel at the small end is greater than T 0 ;

[0011] The swaging angle of the large end is 45°, and the swaging wheel at the large end is a double conical surface swaging wheel. The radius R of the swaging wheel at the large end is R≥2T 0 , T 0 is the blank thickness.

[0012] Step 4: Swaging forming, which successively includes swaging the small end, swaging the large end, and eccentric swaging the rope groove structure;

[0013] Step 5: Inspect the parts.

[0014] Furthermore, in Step 2, a sheet material is selected as the blank, and the blank thickness T is designed 0 , the internal swaging thinning rate at the small end is 15%. The thickness T of the product at the small end is calculated through the blank thickness T 0 ; 1 ;

[0015] The swaging at the large end is multi-pass conventional swaging, and the thinning rate of the conventional swaging at the large end is 20%. The thickness T of the product at the large end is calculated through the blank thickness T 0 ; 2 ;

[0016] Design the outer diameter of the blank at the large end as 外 , the volume at the large end is V 大 , and design the size L of the blank at the large end 3 , then the volume at the large end is V 外 , from which we can get:

[0017] 外= A+ 2L 3 ;

[0018] To ensure that there is a certain margin for the swaged product, design the blank volume at the large end of the product as 1.2V 大 , then V 外 = 1.2V 大 ;

[0019] The large end is a ring with an inner diameter A , a wall thickness of T 2 , and a height of L 2 . Therefore, the large end L 2 can be divided into N Ts 0 , then , then V 大 is the volume V of N small ringsE If it is the sum of

[0020] ;

[0021] Unroll the small ring into a cuboid, then ;

[0022] On the blank at the large end, take an upper ring with an inner diameter of F , a wall thickness of T 0 , and a thickness of T 0 , then the volume of the upper ring ;

[0023] During the ordinary spinning process, the change in the diameter direction of the blank is small, so it is approximately considered that F = A , then V F = V E ;

[0024] Divide the blank L 3 into 1.2N V E , and calculate from this: ;

[0025] Design the inner diameter of the blank at the small end to be 内， The volume of the small end is V 小 , design the size of the blank at the small end to be L 4 , then the volume of the small end is V 内 , and thus it can be obtained:

[0026] V 内 = B - 2L 4 ;

[0027] To ensure that there is a certain margin in the spun product, design the blank volume at the small end of the product to be 1.2V 内 , and calculate and obtain: ;

[0028] Determine the outer diameter of the blank size to be 外 , the inner diameter to be 内 , the wall thickness to be T 0 , and obtain a spinning blank with an outer diameter of 外 , the inner diameter to be 内 , and the wall thickness to be T 0 through laser cutting or water jet cutting.

[0029] Furthermore, the roller gap line is 0.8 - 1.0 times the blank thickness T 0 .

[0030] Furthermore, in step 3, the movement trajectory of the roller at the small - end is an arc line, and the single - pass forward spinning of "forward - forward" is adopted, with the spinning pass number being 4;

[0031] The movement trajectory of the roller at the large - end is an arc line. The number of passes of the movement trajectory is designed according to the part length. In the initial spinning process, single - pass forward spinning is adopted, with the spinning pass number being 2, to pre - deform the material so that the material has a tendency to deform in the tipping direction. Then, the forming spinning trajectory is designed as a multi - component forming trajectory of "forward - forward - return", with the spinning pass number being 8. Finally, the material is gradually formed using the spinning trajectory of "forward - forward".

[0032] Furthermore, in step 3, the spinning parameters include spinning temperature, machine tool speed, and roller feed parameters;

[0033] When internally spinning the small - end, the machine tool speed is 150 rev / min and the feed speed is 100 mm / min;

[0034] When ordinarily spinning the large - end, the machine tool speed is 180 rev / min. When the spinning trajectory fits the mold, the feed speed is 150 mm / min, and when the spinning trajectory does not fit the mold, the feed speed is 1600 mm / min.

[0035] Furthermore, the spinning process of the small - end includes the following steps:

[0036] ① Fix the spinning mandrel on the spinning machine tool;

[0037] ② Install the internal - spinning tool bar and roller, and perform tool setting (determine the zero points in the X and Z directions). Run the spinning program empty, measure the gap between the roller and the mold. If there is a deviation, it needs to be adjusted in the tool compensation control;

[0038] ③ Fix the blank on the spinning mandrel: Position it through the N - C equally - distributed holes and fix it with a pressing plate;

[0039] ④ Start the machine tool and run the spinning trajectory;

[0040] ⑤ After spinning, machine the length L 1 and then take out the part.

[0041] Furthermore, the spinning process of the large - end includes the following steps:

[0042] ① Install the spinning wheel and perform tool setting (determine the zero points in the X and Z directions). Run the spinning program empty, measure the gap between the spinning wheel and the die. If there is deviation, adjustment is required in the tool compensation control;

[0043] ② Keep the spinning mandrel unchanged. Fix the small-end of the product after spinning on the spinning mandrel, and position it through the evenly distributed N- C holes and fix it with the tailstock;

[0044] ③ Start the machine tool and run the spinning trajectory;

[0045] ④ After spinning, machine the length L 2 and then take out the part.

[0046] Furthermore, the eccentric spinning rope groove structure includes the following steps:

[0047] ① Fix the eccentric spinning mandrel on the spinning machine tool;

[0048] ② Install the spinning wheel and perform tool setting (determine the zero points in the X and Z directions). Run the spinning program empty, measure the gap between the spinning wheel and the die. If there is deviation, adjustment is required in the tool compensation control;

[0049] ③ Fix the large-end of the product after spinning on the spinning mandrel and fix it with the tailstock;

[0050] ④ Start the machine tool and run the spinning trajectory;

[0051] ⑤ After spinning, take out the part.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] This application can overcome the shortcomings of casting and welding processes, and can significantly shorten the processing cycle, improve the processing efficiency. Moreover, spinning can harden the material and increase its hardness. Through conventional spinning and eccentric spinning, the material hardness is increased from HB180 to HB310 after two spinning processes, greatly improving the material strength and enhancing the product safety. Under the same strength requirement, spinning can meet the requirements of product lightweight design. Description of the Drawings

[0054] The drawings, as a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 Structural diagram of the elevator return pulley part for the elevator return pulley spinning forming method provided by this embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 Structural design diagram of the elevator return pulley blank for the elevator return pulley spinning forming method provided by this embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the small - end spinning of the elevator return pulley for the elevator return pulley spinning forming method provided by this embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the large - end spinning of the elevator return pulley for the elevator return pulley spinning forming method provided by this embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the eccentric spinning of the elevator return pulley for the elevator return pulley spinning forming method provided by this embodiment of the present application.

[0060] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present invention in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Specific Embodiments

[0061] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an elevator return pulley spinning forming method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1, See Figure 1 As shown, in the prior art, the elevator return pulley product is a rotary part, which can be divided into a flange surface, a large end, and a small end from the flange surface. The elevator return pulley product can be formed by sheet metal stretching and bead spinning, and then process N - C equally - distributed hole positions. First, use a stretching die to spin the outer shape (the rope groove is processed into a cylindrical section), replace the bead - spinning die to eccentrically spin - form the rope groove, and then process the N - C equally - distributed holes of the elevator return pulley. However, there are still problems with this spinning processing method. One is that the flatness of the flange surface will change after spinning processing, and the force is uneven when bearing the load. Since the elevator return pulley bears a large load, the uneven force on the flange plane will cause the product to deform, posing a certain hidden danger. The second is that there will be elliptical deformation after the product is demolded, and the subsequent processed N - C equally - distributed holes cannot guarantee the positional accuracy between the hole positions and the product outer shape. Therefore, a spinning process is designed, and the spinning process is based on N - C The evenly distributed hole positions serve as the reference for spinning processing, and the flange surface is the fixed surface. First, the inner spinning processing method is used to spin the small-end B , and then the large-end is spun through multiple passes of conventional spinning A . Finally, the rope grooves are formed by eccentric spinning to ensure that the pitch diameters of each rope groove D are of the same size, which can not only ensure that the flange surface does not participate in the spinning deformation but also ensure the positional tolerance between the spinning profile and the N- C evenly distributed holes.

[0064] Step 2: Design the spinning blank. Determine the required blank sizes for the large-end and the small-end according to the spinning process and the product structure.

[0065] Step 3: Design the spinning process. The spinning process successively includes designing the spinning mandrel, designing the wheel attack angle and wheel profile, designing the wheel clearance line, designing the spinning trajectory, generating the spinning program, and designing the spinning parameters.

[0066] Design the spinning mandrel: The profile of the spinning mandrel is designed according to the theoretical inner profile of the part, and holes for fixing to the machine tool and holes for fixing the blank are added. To ensure that there is an appropriate machining allowance for the part, the length of the mandrel is increased by 60 mm. The spinning mandrel bears a large torque and pressure during the deformation process. In this embodiment of the application, spinning forming is carried out under normal temperature conditions or under water-cooling conditions, and the cold-work die steel Cr12MoV is selected for the die.

[0067] Design the wheel attack angle and wheel profile: The wheel is the main tool for applying the deformation force. The wheel can rotate passively synchronously with the blank under the action of friction. The wheel is formed by spinning under normal temperature conditions or under water-cooling conditions. The wheel material is selected as Cr12MoV, and the hardness after overall heat treatment is HRC58 - 62.

[0068] Step 4: Spinning forming. Spinning forming successively includes spinning the small-end, spinning the large-end, and eccentrically spinning the rope groove structure;

[0069] Step 5: Inspect the part. After the product is spun and formed, check the product dimensions according to the inspection drawing, measure the rope groove dimensions with a template, measure the hardness at the spinning forming position, and at the same time take samples and detect flaws according to the finished product requirements.

[0070] In Step 2, as shown in Figure 2 , the blank is selected as a sheet metal, and the blank thickness T 0 is designed. The thinning rate of the inner spinning of the small-end is 15%, and the thickness T 0 of the blank is used to calculate the thickness T 1 of the small-end product;

[0071] The large end is spun by multiple passes of conventional spinning. The reduction rate of the large end in conventional spinning is 20%, and the thickness of the large end product is calculated through the blank thickness T 0 to obtain the thickness T of the large end product 2 . To ensure the strength of the rope groove structure, it can be adjusted through spinning parameters;

[0072] Design the outer diameter of the large end blank to be 外 , with the volume of the large end being V 大 , and design the size L of the large end blank 3 , then the volume of the large end is V 外 , from which we can get:

[0073] 外= A+ 2L 3 ;

[0074] To ensure that there is a certain margin in the spun product, design the volume of the blank at the large end of the product to be 1.2V 大 , then V 外 = 1.2V 大 ;

[0075] The large end is a ring with an inner diameter A , a wall thickness of T 2 , and a height of L 2 . Therefore, the large end L 2 can be divided into N Ts 0 , then , then V 大 is the sum of the volumes V E of N small rings, then:

[0076] ;

[0077] Unroll the small ring into a cuboid, then ;

[0078] Take an upper ring with an inner diameter of F , a wall thickness of T 0 , and a thickness of T 0 on the blank at the large end. Then the volume of the upper ring ;

[0079] Since the diameter of the blank changes little during the conventional spinning process, it is approximately considered that F = A , then V F = V E ;

[0080] Divide the blank L 3 into 1.2N Vs E , and calculate from this: ;

[0081] Design the inner diameter of the blank at the small end to be 内， The volume of the small end is V 小 , design the size of the blank at the small end to be L 4 , then the volume of the small end is V 内 , and thus it can be obtained:

[0082] V 内 = B -2L 4 ;

[0083] To ensure that the spun product has a certain margin, design the blank volume at the small end of the product to be 1.2V 内 , and calculate to obtain: ;

[0084] Determine the outer diameter of the blank size from the above calculations to be 外 , the inner diameter to be 内 , the wall thickness to be T 0 , and obtain a spinning blank with an outer diameter of 外 , an inner diameter of 内 , and a wall thickness of T 0 by laser cutting or water jet cutting.

[0085] Design the roller clearance line: Draw the roller clearance line according to the part shape. First, set the spinning clearance line. The spinning clearance line is the maximum distance between the roller and the spinning die. The spinning clearance line is 0.8 - 1.0 times the wall thickness T 0 . In the embodiment of the present application, the spinning clearance line is selected to be 1.0 times the wall thickness T 0 , and then carry out process design and adjustment according to the thickness of the first-piece processing.

[0086] In step 3, as shown in Figure 3 , the blank is positioned by the positioning pin, the fixing bolts, the pressure plate and the spinning matrix are fixed. During the spinning process, the main shaft drives the spinning matrix to rotate, the roller rotates passively under the drive of the frictional force, the roller moves along the drawn motion trajectory, and the material is rolled to realize the forming of the part structure, and the spinning product at the small end of the elevator rope return wheel is obtained. The small-end spinning is internal spinning, and an internal spinning tool bar needs to be designed. The attack angle of the roller at the small end is 20°, and the roller at the small end is a single-cone roller. The radius R of the roller at the small end is greater than T 0, the radius R of the spinning wheel at the small end of the embodiment of the present application is 6 mm.

[0087] See Figure 4 As shown, by spinning the small end of the elevator return rope wheel, a spun product of the small end of the elevator return rope wheel is obtained. The spun product of the small end of the return rope wheel is fixed with the spinning die through positioning by a positioning pin and pressing tightly with a tailstock. During the spinning process, the main shaft drives the spinning die and the tailstock to rotate. The spinning wheel rotates passively driven by the frictional force. The spinning wheel moves along the drawn motion trajectory, rolls the material, realizes the forming of the part structure, and obtains the spun product of the large end of the elevator return rope wheel. The attack angle of the spinning wheel at the large end is 45°. This attack angle will not interfere with the die and tooling. And the spinning wheel at the large end is a double-cone surface spinning wheel. To achieve a spinning thinning rate of 20%, the radius R of the spinning wheel at the large end ≥ 2T 0 , the radius R of the spinning wheel at the large end of the embodiment of the present application is 12 mm.

[0088] Design the attack angle and the shape of the spinning wheel for eccentric spinning: During eccentric spinning, the spinning wheel is at 90° to the product surface, and the shape of the spinning wheel is the same as the contour at the rope groove. To prevent the opening of the large end during eccentric spinning, resulting in out-of-tolerance of the mouth size, the thickness of the eccentric spinning wheel should be as consistent as possible with the product length L 2 in size. If the product size is long, excluding the deformed position, the length allowance at both ends should ≥ 20 mm.

[0089] In step 3, design the motion trajectory of the spinning wheel: The motion trajectory of the spinning wheel can control the deformation of the material during the spinning process and is the intermediate configuration of each spinning process. During the spinning deformation process, there is both thinning of the material thickness and change of shape, and it is necessary to allocate passes for gradual forming.

[0090] The motion trajectory of the spinning wheel at the small end is an arc line. Design the motion trajectory passes according to the part length. Since the length of the small end is small, a single-pass forward spinning of "forward - forward" is adopted, and the number of spinning passes is 4; the number of spinning trajectories can be adjusted according to the material deformation effect during the spinning process and the dimensional accuracy after the first-piece spinning.

[0091] The motion trajectory of the spinning wheel at the large end is an arc line. Design the motion trajectory passes according to the part length. In the initial spinning process, single-pass forward spinning is adopted, and the number of spinning passes is 2 to pre-deform the material so that the material has a tendency of tilting deformation direction. Then design the forming spinning trajectory as a multi-component forming trajectory of "forward - forward - return", and the number of spinning passes is 8. Finally, use the spinning trajectory of "forward - forward" to gradually form the material; thus, the trajectory design of the large-end spinning deformation is completed. The number of spinning trajectories can be adjusted according to the material deformation effect during the spinning process and the dimensional accuracy after the first-piece spinning.

[0092] See Figure 5As shown in the figure, the large-end spinning forming product of the elevator return rope wheel is obtained by spinning the large end of the elevator return rope wheel, and the large-end spinning forming product of the elevator return rope wheel is fixed on the spinning mold by pressing with the tail top. During the spinning process, the main shaft drives the spinning mold and the tail top to rotate, and the spinning wheel rotates passively under the drive of friction. When the spinning wheel moves to the position of the spinning wheel clearance line, the rope groove structure of the part is formed, and the elevator return rope wheel part is obtained. Design the movement trajectory of the eccentric spinning wheel: The movement trajectory of the eccentric spinning wheel is a straight line, and only the spinning wheel clearance line needs to be confirmed.

[0093] Generate the spinning program: After supplementing auxiliary lines such as feed and retract, generate the numerical control program code on the programming software, and perform simulation detection on the generated code.

[0094] In step 3, the spinning parameters include spinning temperature, machine tool speed, and spinning wheel feed parameters;

[0095] When internally spinning the small end, the machine tool speed is 150 rev / min and the feed speed is 100 mm / min;

[0096] When commonly spinning the large end, the machine tool speed is 180 rev / min, the feed speed is 150 mm / min when the spinning trajectory fits the mold, and the feed speed is 1600 mm / min when the spinning trajectory does not fit the mold.

[0097] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the steps for spinning the small end include the following:

[0098] ① Fix the spinning mold on the spinning machine tool;

[0099] ② Install the internal spinning tool bar and the spinning wheel, and perform tool setting (determine the zero points in the X and Z directions). Run the spinning program empty, measure the clearance between the spinning wheel and the mold, and make adjustments in the tool compensation control if there are any deviations;

[0100] ③ Fix the blank on the spinning mold: Position it through the N- C equally distributed holes and fix it with a pressing plate;

[0101] ④ Start the machine tool and run the spinning trajectory;

[0102] ⑤ After spinning, machine the length L 1 and then take out the part.

[0103] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the steps for spinning the large end include the following:

[0104] ① Install the spinning wheel and perform tool setting (determine the zero points in the X and Z directions). Run the spinning program empty, measure the gap between the spinning wheel and the die. If there is any deviation, adjust it in the tool compensation control;

[0105] ② Keep the spinning mandrel unchanged. Fix the small end of the product completed by spinning on the spinning mandrel, and position it through the evenly distributed holes of N- C and fix it with the tailstock;

[0106] ③ Start the machine tool and run the spinning trajectory;

[0107] ④ After spinning, machine the length L 2 and then take out the part.

[0108] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the eccentric spinning rope groove structure includes the following steps:

[0109] ① Fix the eccentric spinning mandrel on the spinning machine tool;

[0110] ② Install the spinning wheel and perform tool setting (determine the zero points in the X and Z directions). Run the spinning program empty, measure the gap between the spinning wheel and the die. If there is any deviation, adjust it in the tool compensation control;

[0111] ③ Fix the large end of the product completed by spinning on the spinning mandrel and fix it with the tailstock;

[0112] ④ Start the machine tool and run the spinning trajectory;

[0113] ⑤ After spinning, take out the part.

[0114] It should be noted that the spinning forming process has many advantages in the preparation of this rotary part. The elevator return rope wheel part can be integrally formed by sheet metal spinning, which greatly improves the processing efficiency. And the spinning process is also a hardening process of the material. Through spinning, the properties of the material can be improved, including hardness and strength. Under the same performance requirements, the weight of the spinning processed product is less than that of the machined product, which can meet the requirements of product lightweight. And compared with the casting die, the cost of the spinning die is greatly reduced.

[0115] This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the invention, and it is not a limitation of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the protection scope of the invention, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for spinning an elevator return rope pulley, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Design a spinning process, wherein the spinning process is based on N- C The evenly distributed holes are used as the spinning process reference, the flange surface is the fixed surface, and the small end is spun first using the internal spinning process B , and then through multiple passes of general swirl large mouth end A Finally, the rope groove is formed by eccentric spinning to ensure that the pitch diameter of each rope groove is D Consistent size; Step 2, designing the spinning blank, and determining the blank size required for the large end and the small end according to the spinning process and the product structure; Step 3, designing the spinning process, wherein the spinning process sequentially includes designing a spinning mold, designing a spinning wheel attack angle and a spinning wheel morphology, designing a spinning wheel gap line, designing a spinning trajectory, generating a spinning program, and designing spinning parameters; Among them, the attack angle of the wheel at the small end is 20°, and the wheel at the small end is a single-cone wheel, and the radius R of the wheel at the small end is greater than T0; the attack angle of the wheel at the large end is 45°, and the wheel at the large end is a double-cone wheel, and the radius R of the wheel at the large end is ≥2T0, T0 is the thickness of the blank; Step 4, spinning, wherein the spinning includes spinning a small-mouth end, spinning a large-mouth end, and eccentric spinning of a rope groove structure in sequence; Step 5: Inspect parts.

2. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the blank is selected as a sheet material, the blank thickness T0 is designed, the small end inner rotation thinning rate is 15%, and the small end product thickness T1 is calculated by the blank thickness T0; The large end spinning is a multi-pass ordinary spinning process, and the thinning rate of the large end ordinary spinning is 20%. The thickness T2 of the large end product is calculated by the blank thickness T0; The outer diameter of the blank at the large end is designed to be 外 , the volume of the large end is V 大 , and the size of the blank at the large end is designed to be L3, then the volume of the large end is V 外 , from which we can get: 外= A+ 2L3； In order to ensure that the spinning product has a certain margin, the blank volume at the large end of the product is designed to be 1.2V 大 , then V 外 =1.2V 大 ; The wide end is the inner diameter A , a ring with a wall thickness of T2 and a height of L2. Therefore, the large end L2 can be divided into N T0, then , then V 大 is the volume V of N small rings E The sum of , then: ； Expand the small ring into a cuboid, then ; Take the inner diameter of the blank on the large end F , the wall thickness is T0, the thickness of the upper ring is T0, then the volume of the upper ring is ; Since the diameter of the blank changes little during the ordinary spinning process, it is approximately considered that F = A , then V F =V E ; Divide the blank L3 into 1.2N V E , calculated from this: ; The inner diameter of the small end blank is designed to be 内， The volume of the small end is V 小 , the design size of the small end blank is L4, then the volume of the small end is V 内 , from which we can get: V 内 = B -2L4; In order to ensure that the spinning product has a certain margin, the blank volume at the small end of the product is designed to be 1.2V 内 , and calculate: ; The outer diameter of the blank size is determined by the above calculation: 外 , inner diameter is 内 , with a wall thickness of T0, and an outer diameter of 外 , inner diameter is 内 , spinning blank with wall thickness T0.

3. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller clearance line is 0.8-1.0 times the thickness T0 of the blank.

4. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 3, the motion trajectory of the spinning wheel at the small mouth end is an arc line, and a single-pass forward spinning of "forward-forward" is adopted, and the number of spinning passes is 4; The motion trajectory of the spinning wheel at the large mouth end is an arc line. The motion trajectory is designed according to the length of the part. In the initial spinning process, single-pass forward spinning is used with 2 passes. The material is pre-deformed so that the material has a tendency to tilt in the deformation direction. Then the forming spinning trajectory is designed as a multi-group forming trajectory of "forward-forward-return", with 8 passes. Finally, the "forward-forward" spinning trajectory is used to gradually form the material.

5. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 3, the spinning parameters include spinning temperature, machine tool speed, and spinning wheel feed parameters; When spinning the small end inward, the machine speed is 150rev / min and the feed speed is 100mm / min; When spinning the large end, the machine speed is 180rev / min, the feed speed is 150mm / min when the spinning track fits the mold, and the feed speed is 1600mm / min when the spinning track does not fit the mold.

6. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spinning process of the small mouth end comprises the following steps: ①Fix the spinning tire on the spinning machine; ②Install the internal rotating tool bar and rotating wheel, and perform tool setting (determine the zero point in the X and Z directions), run the spinning program dry, and measure the gap between the rotating wheel and the mold. If there is any deviation, it needs to be adjusted in the tool compensation control; ③Fix the blank on the spinning mold: through N- C Evenly distributed holes are positioned and fixed by a pressure plate; ④ Start the machine tool and run the spinning track; ⑤After spinning, remove the parts after turning to length L1.

7. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spinning process of the large mouth end comprises the following steps: ①Install the spinning wheel and perform tool setting (determine the zero point in the X and Z directions), run the spinning program dry, and measure the gap between the spinning wheel and the mold. If there is any deviation, it needs to be adjusted in the tool compensation control; ② The spinning mold remains unchanged, and the small end of the product after spinning is fixed on the spinning mold, and the N- C Evenly distributed holes are used for positioning and fixed through the tail top; ③ Start the machine tool and run the spinning track; ④After spinning, remove the parts after turning to length L2.

8. The elevator return rope pulley spinning forming method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The eccentric spinning rope groove structure comprises the following steps: ①Fix the eccentric spinning tire on the spinning machine; ②Install the spinning wheel and perform tool setting (determine the zero point in the X and Z directions), run the spinning program dry, and measure the gap between the spinning wheel and the mold. If there is any deviation, it needs to be adjusted in the tool compensation control; ③Fix the large end of the product after spinning on the spinning mold and fix it through the tail top; ④ Start the machine tool and run the spinning track; ⑤After spinning is completed, take out the parts.

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