Four-wheel-drive mini-tiller applied to various working environments and capable of achieving one-time deep ploughing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a one-time deep ploughing four-wheel-drive mini-tiller applied to various working environments, which comprises a power assembly, a front gearbox, a rear gearbox, a front axle and a rear axle, the front gearbox drives the front axle, the rear gearbox drives the rear axle, and the front axle and the rear axle are respectively and detachably connected with a walking wheel or a ploughing tool. The power output end of the power assembly is connected with a power transmission part, and the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are mutually independent and are in independent transmission connection with the power assembly through the power transmission part; the power transmission part is composed of a first transmission part and a second transmission part, the first transmission part is hinged to the second transmission part, the first transmission part is in transmission connection with the front gearbox, and the second transmission part is in transmission connection with the rear gearbox; the front gearbox and the rear gearbox have the same number of gears, switching of a four-drive walking mode, a front-drive tillage mode, a rear-drive tillage mode or a double-drive walking mode is achieved by switching the gears of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox, and the deep ploughing quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine which can be used in a variety of working environments and can perform deep ploughing at one time. Background Art

[0002] In the process of agricultural production, micro-tillage machines have become indispensable equipment for small-scale farmland cultivation due to their flexibility and convenience. Due to the high labor intensity and high operating requirements of hand-held micro-tillage machines, sitting micro-tillage machines have gradually replaced hand-held micro-tillage machines, such as the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN115735455A, a four-wheel micro-tillage equipment. The equipment disclosed in the patent has a front gearbox, a rear gearbox, a front axle, a rear axle, a tillage machine and a walking wheel. It can be driven for tillage, has low labor intensity, and is suitable for various tillage and walking needs. However, the power output mode of the powertrain in the above-mentioned tillage equipment is relatively fixed, and the rear gearbox needs to obtain power from the front gearbox through the countershaft, resulting in the inability to flexibly adjust according to the characteristics of the soil, the depth requirements of the operation, etc. This leads to repeated operations on the same area in actual operation, which greatly increases the manpower and time costs, and greatly reduces the efficiency of agricultural production.

[0003] Especially when facing hard soil, due to the limitation of its power transmission mechanism, it is difficult to provide enough power to achieve ideal deep plowing in one time when facing hard soil with high resistance. According to actual operation data statistics, under such soil conditions, traditional micro-tillage machines usually need to plow the land back and forth 2-3 times, which not only causes a lot of fuel waste, increases production costs, but also seriously delays precious farming time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine which can be used in a variety of working environments and can perform deep ploughing at one time, so as to solve the problems of low deep ploughing efficiency and insufficient deep ploughing of hard soil by existing micro-tillage machines.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine that can be used in a variety of working environments and can perform deep ploughing at one time, comprising a power assembly, a front gearbox and a rear gearbox, and a front wheel axle and a rear wheel axle, the front gearbox drives the front wheel axle, the rear gearbox drives the rear wheel axle, the front wheel axle and the rear wheel axle are respectively detachably connected with walking wheels or tilling tools, the power output end of the power assembly is connected with a power transmission part, the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are independent of each other and are both independently connected to the power assembly through the power transmission part; the power transmission part consists of a first transmission part and a second transmission part, the first transmission part and the second transmission part are hinged, the first transmission part is connected to the front gearbox in a transmission connection, and the second transmission part is connected to the rear gearbox in a transmission connection;

[0006] The front gearbox and the rear gearbox have the same gears, and the four-wheel drive travel mode, front-wheel drive tillage mode, rear-wheel drive tillage mode or dual-wheel drive travel mode can be switched by switching the gears of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox; the four-wheel drive travel mode means that both the front and rear axles are equipped with travel wheels, and the dual-wheel drive travel mode means that either of the front and rear gearboxes is in neutral and the other gearbox is in gear; the front-wheel drive tillage mode means that the front axle is equipped with tillage tools as a rotary tillage area, and the rear-wheel drive tillage mode means that the rear axle is equipped with tillage tools as a rotary tillage area.

[0007] The principles and advantages of this solution are:

[0008] 1. High efficiency of deep tillage: Compared with the existing sitting tillage tiller, the front and rear gearboxes are closely connected, and the power is transmitted from the transmission main shaft to the transmission secondary shaft and then to the rear gearbox, resulting in limited power of the rear gearbox. The front and rear gearboxes of the four-wheel drive tiller in this scheme are independently driven, and the rear gearbox directly obtains the power transmitted by the powertrain, and the power of the entire rear gearbox is more sufficient; when switching to tillage mode, in the front-wheel drive tillage mode, the front gearbox can independently provide precisely adapted power for the front wheel axle and tillage tools. Since the front gearbox is independent of the rear gearbox, its power output is not affected by the working conditions of the rear wheels. It can flexibly adjust the output torque and speed according to soil resistance and deep tillage requirements, and the rear wheels can always have strong grip, providing a stable grip point for the front wheels and stabilizing the fuselage. Assuming that the upper layer of the soil is relatively compact, the front gearbox can instantly increase the torque output and drive the tillage tools to quickly break the upper soil; when the lower layer of soil is relatively loose, it can reduce the power output in time to avoid excessive tillage and energy waste.

[0009] Similarly, in the rear-wheel drive tillage mode, the rear gearbox works independently to provide sufficient power for the tilling implements connected to the rear wheel axle, and will not be affected by the power output of the front gearbox, so that the tilling implements always maintain a stable and efficient working state during the entire deep tillage process. Compared with traditional micro-tillers, it greatly shortens the deep tillage time and improves working efficiency.

[0010] 2. Good deep tillage quality: In the front-drive tillage mode, the independent drive of the front gearbox can ensure that the tillage implements penetrate the soil at a uniform depth. The front gearbox can adjust the power in real time according to the soil conditions. During the advancement of the tillage implements, no matter what kind of soil resistance changes they encounter, they can maintain a uniform speed of cutting to avoid uneven tillage marks. In a farmland with uneven soil texture, when the tillage implements encounter local hard soil blocks, the front gearbox can automatically increase the torque to ensure that the tillage implements pass smoothly while maintaining the set deep tillage depth; and when encountering soft areas, it can reduce the power in time to prevent the tillage implements from digging too deep.

[0011] More importantly, this solution also has a rear-drive tillage mode. In this tillage mode, the front drive is for walking and the rear drive is for rotary tillage. The rear gearbox independently provides stable power for the tillage tools of the rear wheel axle through the powertrain to ensure that the tillage depth of the tillage tools is consistent over the entire working width. Compared with the front-drive tillage mode, since the power is output from the rear, the forward thrust received by the tillage tools after entering the soil is more direct, which makes it easier for the tillage tools to maintain a straight line during operation, reduces the deviation of the tillage tools due to uneven force, and ensures the flatness and uniformity of tillage, especially when working on large areas of farmland, it can effectively reduce repeated tillage and missed tillage. Moreover, the rear-drive tillage mode will not compact the already plowed soil during the process of ploughing, and effectively ensure the quality of tillage for the needs of ridge formation and shaping. The flatness and uniformity of the land after deep plowing are greatly improved, laying a good foundation for subsequent agricultural production links such as sowing and irrigation, and effectively improving the growth environment and yield of crops.

[0012] 3. Low cost of deep tillage: Traditional micro-tillage machines have high costs in the agricultural production process due to their deficiencies in functions and power. However, the four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine in this solution can complete multiple processes, including rotary tillage, ridging, shaping, etc., through its diverse functions and flexible power system, with one device, reducing the need to purchase other equipment. At the same time, the independent drive of the front and rear gearboxes and the flexible adjustment of the power mechanism avoid repeated operations on the same area, and the one-time deep tillage design effectively reduces fuel consumption. From labor costs, time costs to fuel costs, all-round reductions have been achieved, significantly improving the economic benefits of agricultural production.

[0013] 4. Flexible power adjustment: The power output mode of traditional micro-tillage machines is rigid and cannot be effectively adjusted according to actual working conditions. The power output end of the powertrain of this solution is connected to the power transmission unit. The front gearbox and the rear gearbox are independent of each other, and both are connected to the powertrain through the power transmission unit. When encountering soft soil, the front gearbox gear position can be adjusted to allow the front wheel to obtain relatively small power, which can not only complete the tillage task, but also avoid power waste; and when facing soil with high viscosity, the rear gearbox gear position is adjusted to allow the rear wheel to output greater power to ensure that the tillage implements can be smoothly inserted into the soil and complete the tillage. This flexible power adjustment mechanism enables the micro-tillage machine to maintain a good working condition under different soil characteristics and operating depth requirements, and give full play to its power advantages.

[0014] 5. Diversified functions: In this solution, the second transmission part can pass through the rear gearbox and extend to the rear side of the equipment. Then, the pump body can be installed on the second transmission part as needed, and the power of the powertrain can directly drive the pump body to work. In this way, it is possible to irrigate, spray pesticides, clean, etc. while cultivating the land, making the micro-tillage machine have more diversified functions.

[0015] Furthermore, the front-wheel drive tillage mode is that the front wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements, the rear wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements or traveling wheels, the front gearbox is in a high-speed gear, and the rear gearbox is in a low-speed gear; the rear-wheel drive tillage mode is that the rear wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements, the front wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements or traveling wheels, the rear gearbox is in a high-speed gear, and the front gearbox is in a low-speed gear.

[0016] Beneficial effects: In front-drive and rear-drive tillage modes, the front and rear axles can be flexibly installed with tillage implements or travel wheels, and with the different speed gears of the front and rear gearboxes, precise power combinations are provided for different processes, which strengthens the functional pertinence; thus, the power distribution is more scientific and reasonable, the high speed gear provides strong power for the tillage implements, and the low speed gear maintains the stability of the fuselage to avoid power waste. Secondly, the tillage implements can quickly cut into the hard soil layer, and the front and rear axles work together to increase the torque, achieving one-time deep tillage and uniform tillage depth, and effectively reducing energy consumption and costs. Accurate power distribution and efficient operation mode reduce power waste and operation times, reduce energy consumption and costs in all directions, and improve the economic benefits of agricultural production.

[0017] Furthermore, the front gearbox and the rear gearbox both include forward gears and reverse gears, and the forward gearbox includes at least three gears; in the four-wheel drive mode, the gears of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are consistent.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The multi-gear design gives the tiller more power options as a whole, and can accurately match the power under different soil conditions and operating requirements. On hard soil, low gear can be selected to obtain greater torque and easily cope with high resistance; on soft soil, high gear can meet the needs and avoid power waste, thereby comprehensively improving operating performance and reducing energy consumption and costs. Secondly, in the four-wheel drive walking mode, the front and rear gearboxes have the same gear position, ensuring balanced power on the four wheels during travel. Whether transferring on a flat road or working on complex terrain, it can maintain a stable and efficient walking state, improving mobility efficiency and safety.

[0019] Furthermore, the front gearbox and the rear gearbox have the same structure, both comprising a box body, a transmission assembly and a control assembly;

[0020] The transmission assembly includes a transmission main shaft, a transmission counter shaft, a first gear shaft, a first gear transition shaft and a reverse gear shaft;

[0021] A main shaft double gear is slidably provided on the transmission main shaft, and a shift block is provided at one end of the main shaft double gear close to the power assembly. When the main shaft double gear moves close to the power assembly, the gearbox is in the third gear, and when it moves away from the power assembly, the gearbox is in the second gear;

[0022] The first gear shaft is connected to the transmission main shaft through the first gear transition shaft, and the first gear shaft and the first gear transition shaft are respectively provided with a first gear double gear and a first gear transition double gear; a limit nut is provided at one end of the first gear shaft close to the power assembly, and a first gear spring is provided between the limit nut and the first gear double gear;

[0023] A countershaft duplex gear is fixedly arranged on the transmission countershaft, and a transmission bevel gear is arranged at the end thereof;

[0024] A reverse gear double gear is slidably arranged on the reverse gear shaft, a limit nut is arranged at the end of the reverse gear shaft close to the power assembly, and a reverse gear spring is arranged between the limit nut and the reverse gear double gear;

[0025] The operating assembly includes an operating lever, a shift arm and a shift fork. The operating assembly drives the main shaft double gear to slide and switch gears by clamping the shift fork on the shift block;

[0026] An output assembly is provided between the gearbox and the wheel axle in the same direction. The output assembly includes a first bevel gear, a connecting shaft and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear is meshed with the transmission bevel gear. A traveling bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear is provided on the wheel axle.

[0027] Beneficial effects: In terms of transmission components, the front and rear gearboxes have the same structure, and the coordinated operation of various components brings significant advantages. The slidable main shaft double gear on the transmission main shaft, in conjunction with the shift block and the operating assembly, realizes the convenient switching of the second and third gears, meeting the power requirements of different working intensities. The first gear shaft is connected to the transmission main shaft through the first gear transition shaft, and is matched with the first gear double gear, the first gear transition double gear and the first gear spring. Compared with the existing micro-tillage machine transmission structure, the 1st gear transmission structure in this scheme is independent of the 2nd and 3rd gear transmission structures. Without changing the existing gearbox volume, the 1st gear has a larger transmission ratio. In the tillage mode, the micro-tillage machine has a stronger grip on the land, ensuring the deep plowing depth and achieving one-time deep plowing; and the above design makes the first gear power transmission more stable, and can also protect the equipment through spring buffering when encountering greater resistance. The countershaft double gears and transmission bevel gears on the transmission countershaft, as well as the slidable reverse gear double gears and reverse spring on the reverse shaft, improve the gear system of the gearbox, ensuring that the tiller can run smoothly when moving forward and backward, and the power transmission is efficient and reliable.

[0028] From the perspective of the operating components and output components, the operating components composed of the joystick, shift arm and shift fork drive the main shaft double gear to slide by clamping the shift fork with the shift block, making the gear switching easy and accurate, greatly improving the convenience of operation. In the output component, the first bevel gear meshes with the transmission bevel gear, and then transmits the power efficiently to the travel bevel gear on the axle through the connecting shaft and the second bevel gear. This design makes the power output between the gearbox and the axle more adaptable. Whether walking or tilling, the power can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, ensuring that the micro-tillage machine operates stably and efficiently in complex working environments such as hard land.

[0029] Furthermore, the output speed of each gear of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox is the same; the transmission ratios of each forward gear of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are the same, the transmission ratio range of 1st gear is 1:160.0-170.0, the transmission ratio range of 2nd gear is 1:41.4-45.5, the transmission ratio range of 3rd gear is 1:23.7-26.0, and the reverse gear transmission ratio range is 1:54.5-60.0.

[0030] Beneficial effect: The output speed of each gear of the front and rear gearboxes is the same, and the transmission ratio of each forward gear is the same, which brings many improvements to the tiller. In actual operation, the same output speed makes the power output of the front and rear axles balanced and stable, ensuring the stability of the tiller when walking and tilling, and avoiding equipment shaking or imbalance caused by speed differences.

[0031] In this solution, the first gear shaft is connected to the transmission main shaft through the first gear transition shaft, and is matched with a first gear double gear, a first gear transition double gear and a first gear spring. Compared with the existing micro-tillage machine transmission structure, the 1st gear transmission structure is independent of the 2nd and 3rd gear transmission structures. Without changing the volume of the existing gearbox, the 1st gear has a larger transmission ratio, and the 1st gear transmission ratio is designed to be 1:160.0-170.0 in this solution. Under this transmission ratio design, in the tillage mode, the micro-tillage machine has a stronger grip on the land, and the resistance between the micro-tillage machine and the land is greater. The tillage implement can go deeper into the land instead of moving forward, thereby ensuring the tillage depth and realizing one-time deep tillage. In addition, at this time, the 1st gear speed ensures the quality of deep tillage while ensuring the operating efficiency, improves the comprehensive cost-effectiveness of deep tillage, and reduces the cost of deep tillage while ensuring the efficiency and quality of deep tillage.

[0032] Furthermore, the first transmission part includes a front driving force input shaft and a transmission shaft, a first universal joint is arranged between the front driving force input shaft and the transmission shaft, and the second transmission part includes a rear driving force input shaft, a second universal joint is arranged between the rear driving force input shaft and the transmission shaft.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The above settings optimize the flexibility of power transmission. In complex farmland operation environments, the ground conditions are often uneven, and the micro-tillage machine will produce bumps and angle changes during operation. At this time, the universal joint can effectively compensate for the angle deviation between the axes caused by the movement of the equipment, ensuring that the front and rear gearboxes can obtain power stably. Compared with the traditional rigid connection transmission method, the transmission structure with universal joints not only significantly improves the power transmission efficiency and reduces power loss, but also reduces the wear of transmission components, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and comprehensively improves the stability and reliability of the micro-tillage machine in various terrain conditions.

[0034] Secondly, the above setting allows the rear gearbox to rotate horizontally relative to the front gearbox. When turning on narrow ridges and ends of fields, the micro-tillage machine can use this feature to achieve a smaller radius of steering operation, avoiding land crushing or dead angles caused by inflexible steering, greatly improving operating efficiency. At the same time, when cultivating farmlands of different shapes, the flexible steering design allows the micro-tillage machine to better fit the boundaries of the fields, reduce land waste, and further improve the adaptability of the micro-tillage machine to complex farmland layouts.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a towing mechanism arranged at the rear end of the four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine, the towing mechanism is connected to the rear tillage machine, the towing mechanism includes a support frame fixed on the rear box body, the end of the support frame is detachably connected to a connecting frame, the end of the connecting frame is hinged with an L-shaped connecting plate, and a U-shaped towing frame is provided on the outside of the connecting plate.

[0036] Beneficial effects: The support frame fixed to the rear box provides a stable support foundation for the entire trailer system, ensuring that the trailer mechanism is closely connected to the main body of the micro-tillage machine during operation, and ensuring the stability of the overall structure. This solution allows users to flexibly replace different types of rear-mounted tillage implements according to actual operation needs, greatly improving the functional expandability of the micro-tillage machine and facilitating the realization of multiple uses of one machine. The articulation method of the connecting plate and the connecting frame gives the trailer frame a certain degree of freedom of movement, which can better adapt to different terrain undulations and avoid damage to the rear-mounted tillage implements or poor operation results due to terrain factors.

[0037] Furthermore, an adjusting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the towing mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism is a transversely arranged adjusting oil cylinder, and an output end of the adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the connecting plate.

[0038] Beneficial effects: In actual agricultural operations, different soil conditions, planting requirements and terrain conditions all have different requirements for the operating height and angle of the rear tillage implements. By adjusting the oil cylinder, the position of the connecting plate can be easily changed, and the height of the rear tillage implements can be accurately adjusted. When performing shallow soil loosening operations, the height of the implements can be lowered; when performing deep tillage operations, the height of the implements can be raised. At the same time, the angle adjustment can also allow the implements to better fit the terrain, ensure uniform tillage depth when operating on slopes, and improve the quality of operations; and when the micro-tillage machine turns, the rear tillage implements are automatically retracted to avoid turning interference, which enhances the adaptability of the micro-tillage machine to complex operating environments, reduces operational errors caused by improper machine position, and further improves overall operating efficiency and results.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting mechanism arranged at the rear end of the four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine, the connecting mechanism is used for an external pump body, one end of the pump body is connected to a cleaning or irrigation water source; the connecting mechanism includes the end of the rear driving force input shaft passing through the rear box body and a connecting cover plate, the connecting cover plate is provided with an installation through hole, the rear box body is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the installation through hole, and connecting bolts are provided in the installation through hole and the threaded hole.

[0040] In the existing sit-tillage micro-tillage machine, the power of the rear gearbox is transmitted by the front gearbox. Due to the structural limitations of the rear gearbox, it is impossible to directly connect to the pump body. A new transmission route needs to be drawn out on the existing transmission structure to connect the pump body, which is complicated and costly to operate. In addition, the power state of the rear gearbox is limited by the gear position requirements of the front gearbox. The overall power is small and it is difficult to meet the power requirements of the pump body. It needs to be pressurized separately, which increases the cost. Therefore, the beneficial effects of this solution are:

[0041] The above-mentioned setting enables the micro-tillage machine to be conveniently connected to the pump body without the need to design a separate transmission route. The overall transmission structure of the micro-tillage machine is simple and subsequent maintenance is convenient. Moreover, the rear gearbox obtains power directly from the powertrain, and the overall power is sufficient, so that the pump body has sufficient pressure to pump out the liquid, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the irrigation system, effectively solving the problem of power transmission and equipment connection in farmland irrigation, improving the comprehensive service capabilities of the micro-tillage machine in agricultural production, and meeting the diverse needs of agricultural operations. In addition, the end of the rear drive input shaft passing through the rear box body cooperates with the connecting cover plate, and the mounting through hole on the connecting cover plate and the corresponding threaded hole on the rear box body are tightly connected with the help of connecting bolts. This connection method is very easy to install and disassemble, which is convenient for users to flexibly assemble and adjust according to actual irrigation needs.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes a driving seat and a steering mechanism for operating the steering of the four-wheel drive micro-tiller. The steering mechanism includes a steering wheel, a steering connecting shaft, a connecting rod and a pull rod. The steering wheel is transmission-connected to the steering connecting shaft, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the steering connecting shaft, one end of the pull rod is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the pull rod is used to pull the rear gearbox to rotate.

[0043] Beneficial effects: The setting of the driving seat allows the operator to maintain a comfortable posture during operation, reducing fatigue from long-term operation, so that the operator can focus more on the operation of the micro-tillage machine. By turning the steering wheel to drive the steering connecting shaft to rotate, the steering connecting shaft drives the connecting rod to swing, and the connecting rod pulls the rear gearbox to rotate through the pull rod. At this time, the tillage equipment can be turned around and the operator only needs to turn the steering wheel to steer, which greatly reduces the difficulty of steering operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 The overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0045] Figure 2 The overall structure of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the front and rear gearboxes and the power transmission part of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the front and rear gearboxes and the power transmission unit of Example 1 of the present invention (excluding the front and rear housings).

[0048] Figure 5 The structure of the front gearbox of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0049] Figure 6 The structure of the front gearbox of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0050] Figure 7 The structure of the front gearbox of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0051] Figure 8 The structure of the rear gearbox of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0052] Fig. 9 The structure of the rear gearbox of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0053] Fig.10 The structure of the rear gearbox of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0054] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the towing mechanism and the adjustment mechanism of Example 3 and Example 4 of the present invention.

[0055] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0057] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: power assembly 1, front gearbox 2, rear gearbox 3, front wheel axle 4, rear wheel axle 5, power transmission unit 6, front output assembly 7, rear output assembly 8, support truss 9, driver's seat 10, steering mechanism 11, connecting mechanism 12, towing mechanism 13, adjustment mechanism 14, roof 15;

[0058] Front gearbox 2: front box body 21, front transmission assembly 22, front transmission main shaft 221, front main shaft double gear 222, front main shaft second gear gear 2221, front main shaft third gear gear 2222, front transmission countershaft 223, front countershaft double gear 224, front countershaft first gear 2241, front countershaft second gear 2242, front gear shaft 225, front gear double gear 226, front gear first gear 2261, front gear second gear 2262, front First gear transition shaft 227, previous gear transition double gear 228, previous gear transition first gear 2281, previous gear transition second gear 2282, front reverse gear shaft 229, front reverse gear double gear 2210, front reverse gear first gear 22101, front reverse gear second gear 22102, front operating assembly 23, front operating lever 231, front shift arm 232, front shift fork 233, previous gear spring 24, front transmission bevel gear 25, front reverse gear spring 26;

[0059] Rear gearbox 3: rear box body 31, rear transmission assembly 32, rear transmission main shaft 321, rear main shaft double gear 322, rear main shaft second gear 3221, rear main shaft third gear 3222, rear transmission countershaft 323, rear countershaft double gear 324, rear countershaft first gear 3241, rear countershaft second gear 3242, rear first gear shaft 325, rear first gear double gear 326, rear first gear first gear 3261, rear first gear second gear 3262, rear First gear transition shaft 327, next gear transition double gear 328, next gear transition first gear 3281, next gear transition second gear 3282, rear reverse gear shaft 329, rear reverse gear double gear 3210, rear reverse gear first gear 32101, rear reverse gear second gear 32102, rear operating assembly 33, rear operating lever 331, rear shift arm 332, rear shift fork 333, next gear spring 34, rear transmission bevel gear 35, rear reverse gear spring 36;

[0060] Power transmission unit 6: front driving force input shaft 61, transmission shaft 62, rear driving force input shaft 63, first universal joint 64, second universal joint 65;

[0061] Front output assembly 7: front first bevel gear 71, front connecting shaft 72, front second bevel gear 73, front travel bevel gear 74;

[0062] Rear output assembly 8: rear first bevel gear 81, rear connecting shaft 82, rear second bevel gear 83, rear traveling bevel gear 84;

[0063] Steering mechanism 11: steering wheel 111, steering connecting shaft 112, connecting rod 113, tie rod 114;

[0064] Connecting mechanism 12: connecting cover plate 121, connecting bolts 122;

[0065] Towing mechanism 13: support frame 131, connecting frame 132, connecting plate 133, towing frame 134;

[0066] Adjusting mechanism 14: adjusting cylinder 141.

[0067] Embodiment 1 is basically as attached Figure 1-10 As shown:

[0068] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine that can be used in a variety of working environments and can be used for deep plowing at one time includes a power assembly 1, a front gearbox 2 and a rear gearbox 3, and a front axle 4 and a rear axle 5. The front gearbox 2 drives the front axle 4, and the rear gearbox 3 drives the rear axle 5. The front axle 4 and the rear axle 5 are respectively detachably connected with walking wheels or tillage tools, and the detachable connection methods include but are not limited to bolt connection, pin connection, etc. The power assembly 1 is a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, and the power output end of the power assembly 1 is connected with a power transmission part 6. The front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 are independent of each other and are both independently connected to the power assembly 1 through the power transmission part 6; the power transmission part 6 consists of a first transmission part and a second transmission part, the first transmission part and the second transmission part are hinged, the first transmission part is connected to the front gearbox 2, and the second transmission part is connected to the rear gearbox 3.

[0069] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the first transmission part includes a front driving force input shaft 61 and a transmission shaft 62, a first universal joint 64 is provided between the front power driving input shaft and the transmission shaft 62, and the second transmission part includes a rear driving force input shaft 63, a second universal joint 65 is provided between the rear driving force input shaft 63 and the transmission shaft 62; the first universal joint 64 and the front driving force input shaft 61 and the transmission shaft 62, and the second universal joint 65 and the rear driving force input shaft 63 and the transmission shaft 62 are all splined.

[0070] Combination Figure 1 As shown, support trusses 9 are welded to both the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3, and the support trusses 9 of the two are hinged to each other.

[0071] The above arrangement enables the rear gearbox 3 to rotate horizontally relative to the front gearbox 2. On the one hand, it compensates for the inter-axis angle deviation caused by the movement of the tiller, ensuring that both the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 can obtain stable power; on the other hand, it can achieve flexible steering and achieve a smaller radius steering when turning on narrow ridges and ends of fields, thereby improving the flexibility of the equipment.

[0072] The front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 have the same gears and both independently control the speed change. By switching the gears of the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3, the four-wheel drive walking mode, the front-wheel drive tillage mode, the rear-wheel drive tillage mode or the dual-wheel drive walking mode can be switched.

[0073] The front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 both include forward gears and reverse gears. In this embodiment, the forward gears include 1st gear, 2nd gear and 3rd gear. By switching the gear positions of the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3, the four-wheel drive walking mode, the front-wheel drive tillage mode, the rear-wheel drive tillage mode or the dual-wheel drive walking mode can be switched; the four-wheel drive walking mode means that both the front wheel axle 4 and the rear wheel axle 5 are equipped with walking wheels, and the dual-wheel drive walking mode means that either of the front and rear gearboxes 3 is in neutral and the other gearbox is in gear; the front-wheel drive tillage mode means that the front wheel axle 4 is equipped with tillage tools as a rotary tillage area, and the rear-wheel drive tillage mode means that the rear wheel axle 5 is equipped with tillage tools as a rotary tillage area.

[0074] Compared with the traditional micro-tiller, the rear gearbox 3 and the front gearbox 2 of the present invention are independent and directly connected to the powertrain 1, and the power of the rear gearbox 3 is no longer constrained by the front gearbox 2, so that the rear gearbox 3 has sufficient and stable power; in the front-wheel drive tillage mode, the sufficient power of the rear gearbox 3 makes the micro-tiller have greater friction and stronger grip between the micro-tiller and the land, and is less likely to slip, especially in wet or soft land conditions, which can provide more stable support for the micro-tiller, ensure the continuity and safety of the operation, and enable the front wheel axle 4 to drive the tillage tool deeper into the land, thereby enhancing the quality and effect of deep tillage.

[0075] Secondly, the present solution also has a rear-drive tillage mode. In this mode, the front drive is for walking and the rear drive is for tilling the land. The rear gearbox 3 directly drives the rear wheel axle 5 and the tilling implements connected thereto. Since the power is output from the rear, the forward thrust received by the tilling implements after entering the soil is more direct, which makes it easier for the tilling implements to maintain a straight line during operation, reduces the deviation of the tilling implements due to uneven force, and ensures the flatness and uniformity of tillage. Especially when operating in large areas of farmland, it can effectively reduce repeated tillage and missed tillage.

[0076] Moreover, the micro-tillage machine of this scheme is independent of each other in front gearbox 2 and rear gearbox 3, and is not restricted by each other. Compared with the transmission micro-tillage machine, the rear-drive tillage mode enables the micro-tillage machine of this scheme to realize rear-drive rotary tillage, rear-drive ridging and other operations. The rear-drive tillage mode will not compact the already plowed soil during the process of ploughing, effectively ensuring the quality of tillage. The flatness and uniformity of the land after deep plowing are greatly improved, which lays a good foundation for subsequent agricultural production links such as sowing and irrigation, and effectively improves the growth environment and yield of crops.

[0077] The front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 have the same structure, both including a box body, a transmission assembly and a control assembly, and the transmission assembly is located in the box body. Specifically:

[0078] Combination Figure 3-Figure 7As shown, the front gearbox 2 includes a front box body 21, a front transmission assembly 22 and a front control assembly 23; the front transmission assembly 22 includes a front transmission main shaft 221, a front transmission secondary shaft 223, a front first gear shaft 225, a front first gear transition shaft 227 and a front reverse gear shaft 229; Figure 5 As shown, the front transmission main shaft 221 is the front driving force input shaft 61, and a front main shaft double gear 222 is slidably provided on the front transmission main shaft 221. The front main shaft double gear 222 includes a front main shaft third gear gear 2222 and a front main shaft second gear gear 2221. A shift block is provided at one end of the front main shaft double gear 222 close to the power assembly 1. When the front double gear moves close to the power assembly 1, the front gearbox 2 is in the third gear, and when it moves away from the power assembly 1, the front gearbox 2 is in the second gear.

[0079] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the front gear shaft 225 is connected to the front transmission main shaft 221 through the front gear transition shaft 227. The front gear shaft 225 and the front gear transition shaft 227 are respectively provided with a front gear double gear 226 and a front gear transition double gear 228. The front gear double gear 226 includes a front gear first gear 2261 and a front gear second gear 2262. The front gear transition double gear 228 includes a front gear transition first gear 2281 and a front gear transition second gear 2282. A stop nut is provided at one end of the front gear shaft 225 close to the power assembly 1, and a front gear spring 24 is provided between the stop nut and the front gear double gear 226.

[0080] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, a front countershaft double gear 224 is fixedly provided on the front transmission countershaft 223 , and a front transmission bevel gear 25 is provided at the end thereof. The front countershaft double gear 224 includes a front countershaft first gear 2241 and a front countershaft second gear 2242 .

[0081] Combination Figure 6 As shown, a front reverse gear double gear 2210 is slidably provided on the front reverse gear shaft 229, and the front reverse gear double gear 2210 includes a front reverse gear first gear 22101 and a front reverse gear second gear 22102. A limiting nut is provided at the end of the front reverse gear shaft 229 close to the power assembly 1, and a front reverse gear spring 26 is provided between the limiting nut and the front reverse gear double gear 2210.

[0082] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the front operating assembly 23 includes a front operating lever 231, a front shift arm 232 and a front shift fork 233. The front operating assembly 23 drives the front main shaft double gear 222 to slide and switch gears by clamping the front shift fork 233 on the shift block.

[0083] Combination Figure 7As shown, a front output assembly 7 is provided between the front gearbox 2 and the front wheel axle 4. The front output assembly 7 includes a front first bevel gear 71, a front connecting shaft 72 and a front second bevel gear 73. The front first bevel gear 71 is meshed with the front transmission bevel gear 25. The front wheel axle 4 is provided with a front traveling bevel gear 74 which is meshed and transmitted with the front second bevel gear 73.

[0084] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8-10 As shown, the rear gearbox 3 includes a rear box body 31, a rear transmission assembly 32 and a rear control assembly 33; the rear transmission assembly 32 includes a rear transmission main shaft 321, a rear transmission secondary shaft 323, a rear first gear shaft 325, a rear first gear transition shaft 327 and a rear reverse gear shaft 329; Figure 8 As shown, the rear transmission main shaft 321 is the rear driving force input shaft 63, and a rear main shaft double gear 322 is slidably provided on the rear transmission main shaft 321. The rear main shaft double gear 322 includes a rear main shaft third gear gear 3222 and a rear main shaft second gear gear 3221. A shift block is provided at one end of the rear main shaft double gear 322 close to the power assembly 1. When the rear double gear moves close to the power assembly 1, the rear gearbox 3 is in the third gear, and when it moves away from the power assembly 1, the rear gearbox 3 is in the second gear.

[0085] Combination Figure 8 , Fig.10 As shown, the rear gear shaft 325 is connected to the rear transmission main shaft 321 through the rear gear transition shaft 327. The rear gear shaft 325 and the rear gear transition shaft 327 are respectively provided with a rear gear double gear 326 and a rear gear transition double gear 328. The rear gear double gear 326 includes a rear gear first gear 3261 and a rear gear second gear 3262. The rear gear transition double gear 328 includes a rear gear transition first gear 3281 and a rear gear transition second gear 3282. A limit nut is provided at one end of the rear gear shaft 325 close to the power assembly 1, and a rear gear spring 34 is provided between the limit nut and the rear gear double gear 326.

[0086] Combination Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, a rear countershaft double gear 324 is fixedly provided on the rear transmission countershaft 323 , and a rear transmission bevel gear 35 is provided at the end thereof. The rear countershaft double gear 324 includes a rear countershaft first gear 3241 and a rear countershaft second gear 3242 .

[0087] Combination Fig. 9 As shown, a reverse gear double gear 3210 is slidably provided on the rear reverse gear shaft 329, and the reverse gear double gear 3210 includes a reverse gear first gear 32101 and a reverse gear second gear 32102. A limiting nut is provided at the end of the rear reverse gear shaft 329, and a reverse gear spring 36 is provided between the limiting nut and the reverse gear double gear 3210.

[0088] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the rear operating assembly 33 includes a rear operating lever 331, a rear shift arm 332 and a rear shift fork 333. The rear operating assembly 33 drives the rear main shaft double gear 322 to slide and switch gears through the rear shift fork 333.

[0089] Combination Fig.10 As shown, a rear output assembly 8 is provided between the rear gearbox 3 and the rear wheel axle 5. The rear output assembly 8 includes a rear first bevel gear 81, a rear connecting shaft 82 and a rear second bevel gear 83. The rear first bevel gear 81 is meshed with the rear transmission bevel gear 35. The rear wheel axle 5 is provided with a rear traveling bevel gear 84 which is meshed and transmitted with the rear second bevel gear 83.

[0090] The front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 are both provided with a first gear shift fork and a reverse gear shift fork to achieve the switching between the first gear and the reverse gear.

[0091] The gear shifting operation of the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 is the same. Taking the gear shifting of the front gearbox 2 as an example, the specific gear shifting principle is as follows:

[0092] 1st gear: The front main shaft second gear gear 2221 is meshed with the previous gear transition second gear 2282, the 1st gear shift fork pushes the previous gear double gear 226 to move forward, the previous gear first gear 2261 is meshed with the previous gear transition first gear 2281, the previous gear second gear 2262 is meshed with the front countershaft first gear 2241, the power of the powertrain 1 is transmitted to the front transmission countershaft 223, and then the power is transmitted to the front wheel axle 4 through the front output assembly 7, and the front gearbox 2 is switched to 1st gear.

[0093] 2nd gear: The operator pushes the front shift fork 233 backward away from the power assembly 1 through the front joystick 231 and the front shift arm 232, and the front shift fork 233 drives the front main shaft double gear 222 to move, and the front main shaft second gear 2221 engages with the front countershaft first gear 2241 to transmit power to the front transmission countershaft 223, and the front transmission countershaft 223 transmits power to the front wheel shaft 4 through the front output assembly 7, and the front second bevel gear 73 engages with the front travel bevel gear 74, and the front wheel shaft 4 drives the connected travel wheel or tillage tool to rotate, and the front gearbox 2 switches to the 2nd gear.

[0094] 3rd gear: the operator pushes the front shift fork 233 forward toward the powertrain 1 through the front joystick 231 and the front shift arm 232, and the front shift fork 233 drives the front main shaft double gear 222 to move, and the front main shaft third gear 2222 engages with the front countershaft second gear 2242 to transmit power to the front transmission countershaft 223, and the front transmission countershaft 223 transmits power to the front wheel shaft 4 through the front output assembly 7, and the front second bevel gear 73 engages with the front travel bevel gear 74, and the front wheel shaft 4 drives the connected travel wheel or tillage implement to rotate, and the front gearbox 2 switches to the 3rd gear.

[0095] Reverse gear: By shifting the reverse gear fork, the front reverse gear double gear 2210 is pushed to slide on the front reverse gear shaft 229, the front reverse gear first gear 22101 is meshed with the front main shaft second gear 2221, the front reverse gear second gear 22102 is meshed with the front countershaft first gear 2241, the power of the powertrain 1 is transmitted to the front transmission countershaft 223, and then transmitted to the front wheel axle 4 through the front transmission component, so that the front gearbox 2 is switched to reverse gear.

[0096] Through the above arrangement, the first gear power output is realized through the first gear shaft and the first gear transition shaft in the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3. Compared with the prior art, the first gear transmission structure is independently and dispersedly designed to be distinguished from the structure realizing the second gear and the third gear. Without changing the volume of the existing gearbox and ensuring the overall lightness of the micro-tillage machine, the first gear has a larger transmission ratio. In the tillage mode, the micro-tillage machine has a stronger grip on the land to ensure the deep tillage depth and realize one-time deep tillage. Moreover, the above design makes the first gear power transmission more stable and can protect the equipment through spring buffering when encountering greater resistance.

[0097] The specific mode gear operation is as follows:

[0098] Four-wheel drive mode: The gear positions of the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 need to be consistent, that is, when the front gearbox is in 1st gear, the rear gearbox is in 1st gear, when the front gearbox is in 2nd gear, the rear gearbox is in 2nd gear, when the front gearbox is in 3rd gear, the rear gearbox is in 3rd gear, and when the front gearbox is in reverse gear, the rear gearbox is in reverse gear.

[0099] Front-wheel drive tillage mode: front gearbox 2 shifts to 3rd gear, rear gearbox 3 shifts to 1st gear.

[0100] Rear-wheel drive farming mode: front gearbox 2 shifts to 1st gear, rear gearbox 3 shifts to 3rd gear.

[0101] Dual-drive mode: including front-drive mode and rear-drive mode. In front-drive mode: the front box is in 1 / 2 / 3 / reverse gear, and the rear box is in neutral gear; in rear-drive mode: the rear box is in 1 / 2 / 3 / reverse gear, and the front box is in neutral gear.

[0102] The output speed of the powertrain adopted in this scheme is 3600r / min. The output speed of each gear of the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 of the micro-tiller is the same, and the transmission ratio of each gear of the front gearbox 2 and the rear gearbox 3 is also the same. The transmission ratio range of 1st gear is 1:160.0-170.0, the transmission ratio range of 2nd gear is 1:41.4-45.5, the transmission ratio range of 3rd gear is 1:23.7-26.0, and the reverse gear ratio range is 1:54.5-60.0.

[0103] In this solution, the first gear shaft is connected to the transmission main shaft through the first gear transition shaft, and is matched with a first gear double gear, a first gear transition double gear and a first gear spring. Compared with the existing micro-tillage machine transmission structure, the 1st gear transmission structure is independent of the 2nd and 3rd gear transmission structures. Without changing the volume of the existing gearbox, the 1st gear has a larger transmission ratio, and the 1st gear transmission ratio is designed to be 1:160.0-170.0 in this solution. Under this transmission ratio design, in the tillage mode, the micro-tillage machine has a stronger grip on the land, and the resistance between the micro-tillage machine and the land is greater. The tillage implement can go deeper into the land instead of moving forward, thereby ensuring the tillage depth and realizing one-time deep tillage. In addition, at this time, the 1st gear speed ensures the quality of deep tillage while ensuring the operating efficiency, improves the comprehensive cost-effectiveness of deep tillage, and reduces the cost of deep tillage while ensuring the efficiency and quality of deep tillage.

[0104] Preferably, in this embodiment, the output speed of 1st gear is 22r / min, the output speed of 2nd gear is 83r / min, the output speed of 3rd gear is 145r / min, the output speed of reverse gear is 63r / min, the transmission ratio of 1st gear is 1:163, the transmission ratio of 2nd gear is 1:43.4, the transmission ratio of 3rd gear is 1:24.8, and the transmission ratio of reverse gear is 1:57; under this transmission ratio, when the micro-tillage machine is in front-drive or rear-drive tillage mode, the front gearbox or rear gearbox in 1st gear has a stronger grip, so that the resistance between the micro-tillage machine and the land is greater, and the tillage implement can go deeper into the land instead of moving forward, thereby ensuring the tillage depth and realizing one-time deep tillage; and at this time, the speed of 1st gear is 22r / min, which ensures the working efficiency while ensuring the quality of deep tillage, and improves the comprehensive cost performance of deep tillage.

[0105] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the four-wheel drive micro-tiller also includes a driving seat 10 arranged on the rear gearbox 3, and a steering mechanism 11 arranged between the front and rear gearboxes 3 for operating the steering of the four-wheel drive micro-tiller; a slide rail is provided between the driving seat 10 and the rear gearbox 3 to achieve sliding connection, so that different operators can adjust the driving seat 10 to the most comfortable state according to their driving habits; the steering mechanism 11 includes a steering wheel, a steering connecting shaft 112, a connecting rod 113 and a pull rod 114, the steering wheel is transmission-connected to the steering connecting shaft 112, one end of the connecting rod 113 is connected to the steering connecting shaft 112, one end of the pull rod 114 is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod 113, and the other end of the pull rod 114 is used to pull the rear gearbox 3 to rotate.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] In the existing sit-tillage micro-tillage machine, the power of the rear gearbox 3 is transmitted by the front gearbox 2, and the rear gearbox 3 cannot be directly connected to the pump body due to structural limitations. A new transmission route needs to be drawn out on the existing transmission structure to connect the pump body, which is complicated and costly to operate; and the power state of the rear gearbox 3 is limited by the gear requirements of the front gearbox 2, and the overall power is small, which is difficult to meet the power requirements of the pump body, and requires additional pressure increase, which increases the cost.

[0108] Therefore, on the basis of Example 1, this embodiment also includes a connecting mechanism 12 provided at the rear end of the four-wheel drive micro-tiller, and the connecting mechanism 12 is used to connect an external matching pump body, and one end of the pump body is connected to a cleaning or irrigation water source; the connecting mechanism 12 includes the end of the rear driving force input shaft 63 passing through the rear box body and a connecting cover plate 121, and a mounting through hole is opened on the connecting cover plate 121, and a threaded hole corresponding to the mounting through hole is opened on the rear box body 31, and connecting bolts 122 are provided in the mounting through hole and the threaded hole.

[0109] Through the above-mentioned external pump body at the rear gearbox 3, the pump body can stably obtain power from the rear driving force input shaft 63, providing efficient power support for farmland irrigation or equipment cleaning, ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the irrigation system, and effectively solving the problem of power transmission and equipment connection in farmland irrigation; and the installation and disassembly of detachable connection methods such as spirals are very simple, which is convenient for users to flexibly assemble and adjust according to actual irrigation needs, thereby improving the comprehensive service capabilities of the micro-tillage machine in agricultural production and meeting the diverse needs of agricultural operations.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] Combination Fig.11 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, this embodiment also includes a towing mechanism 13, and the towing mechanism 13 is connected with a rear tillage implement, and the rear tillage implement includes but is not limited to; the towing mechanism 13 includes a support frame 131 welded on the rear box body, and the end pin of the support frame 131 is connected to a connecting frame 132, and the end of the connecting frame 132 is hinged with an L-shaped connecting plate 133, and a U-shaped towing frame 134 is provided on the outer side of the connecting plate 133. The towing frame 134 has a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is equipped with a fixing bolt to fix the rear tillage implement to the towing machine, so that the micro-tillage machine can perform ridging, trenching, plowing and other operations while turning the land.

[0112] This solution allows users to flexibly replace different types of rear tillage implements according to actual operation needs, greatly improving the functional expandability of the micro-tillage machine and facilitating the realization of multiple uses of one machine. The articulation of the connecting plate 133 and the connecting frame 132 gives the towing frame 134 a certain degree of freedom of movement, which can better adapt to different terrain undulations and avoid damage to the rear tillage implements or poor operation results due to terrain factors.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] Combination Fig.11 As shown, on the basis of embodiment 3, this embodiment is further provided with an adjustment mechanism 14, which is located at the bottom of the towing mechanism 13, and is a transversely arranged adjustment cylinder 141, one end of which is fixedly connected to the support frame 131, and the other end is hinged to the connecting plate 133. During specific operation, the output shaft of the adjustment cylinder 141 extends outward to drive its end to turn upward around the axis of the connecting frame 132, thereby driving the rear-mounted tillage implement to rotate and lift upward; on the one hand, the height of the rear-mounted tillage implement can be accurately adjusted, and the height of the implement can be lowered when performing shallow soil loosening operations; when performing deep tillage operations, the height of the implement can be raised; on the other hand, the angle adjustment can also make the implement better fit the terrain, ensure uniform tillage depth when operating on slopes, improve the operation quality, and automatically retract the rear-mounted tillage implement when the micro-tillage machine turns, avoiding turning interference, enhancing the adaptability of the micro-tillage machine to complex operating environments, reducing operating errors caused by improper machine position, and further improving the overall operating efficiency and effect.

[0115] Example 5

[0116] Combination Fig.12 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment is provided with a roof 15 above the driver's seat 10, which can effectively block direct sunlight, and prevent the operator from being exposed to the scorching sun for a long time during hot summer operations, thereby reducing the risk of heat stroke and improving working comfort. In rainy weather, the roof 15 can block rain, keep the operator dry, ensure that the operation is not excessively disturbed by the weather, and ensure the continuity of the operation.

[0117] Secondly, in terms of safety, the ceiling 15 can play a protective role to a certain extent. When small foreign objects fall from above, such as branches, field debris, etc., the ceiling 15 can prevent the foreign objects from directly hitting the operator, reducing the probability of accidental injury. At the same time, the ceiling 15 can also reduce the impact of glare on the operator's vision, especially when the sun is strong, providing the operator with a clearer field of vision to ensure the safety of the operation.

[0118] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of deep ploughing at one time and applicable to various working environments, comprising a powertrain, a front gearbox and a rear gearbox, and a front axle and a rear axle, wherein the front gearbox drives the front axle, the rear gearbox drives the rear axle, and the front axle and the rear axle are respectively detachably connected with walking wheels or tillage implements, characterized in that: The power output end of the power assembly is connected to a power transmission part, the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are independent of each other and are both independently connected to the power assembly through the power transmission part; the power transmission part consists of a first transmission part and a second transmission part, the first transmission part and the second transmission part are hinged, the first transmission part is connected to the front gearbox, and the second transmission part is connected to the rear gearbox; The front gearbox and the rear gearbox have the same gears, and the four-wheel drive travel mode, front-wheel drive tillage mode, rear-wheel drive tillage mode or dual-wheel drive travel mode can be switched by switching the gears of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox; the four-wheel drive travel mode means that both the front and rear axles are equipped with travel wheels, and the dual-wheel drive travel mode means that either of the front and rear gearboxes is in neutral and the other gearbox is in gear; the front-wheel drive tillage mode means that the front axle is equipped with tillage tools as a rotary tillage area, and the rear-wheel drive tillage mode means that the rear axle is equipped with tillage tools as a rotary tillage area.

2. According to claim 1, a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments, characterized in that: The front-wheel drive tillage mode is that the front wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements, the rear wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements or traveling wheels, the front gearbox is in a high-speed gear, and the rear gearbox is in a low-speed gear; the rear-wheel drive tillage mode is that the rear wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements, the front wheel axle is equipped with tillage implements or traveling wheels, the rear gearbox is in a high-speed gear, and the front gearbox is in a low-speed gear.

3. According to claim 1, a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments, characterized in that: The front gearbox and the rear gearbox both include forward gears and reverse gears, and the forward gearbox includes at least three gears; in the four-wheel drive mode, the gears of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are consistent.

4. A four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of deep ploughing at one time and applicable to a variety of working environments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The front gearbox and the rear gearbox have the same structure, and both include a box body, a transmission assembly and a control assembly; The transmission assembly includes a transmission main shaft, a transmission counter shaft, a first gear shaft, a first gear transition shaft and a reverse gear shaft; A main shaft double gear is slidably provided on the transmission main shaft, and a shift block is provided at one end of the main shaft double gear close to the power assembly. When the double gear moves close to the power assembly, the gearbox is in the third gear, and when it moves away from the power assembly, the gearbox is in the second gear; The first gear shaft is connected to the transmission main shaft through the first gear transition shaft, and the first gear shaft and the first gear transition shaft are respectively provided with a first gear double gear and a first gear transition double gear; a limit nut is provided at one end of the first gear shaft close to the power assembly, and a first gear spring is provided between the limit nut and the first gear double gear; A countershaft duplex gear is fixedly arranged on the transmission countershaft, and a transmission bevel gear is arranged at the end thereof; A reverse gear double gear is slidably arranged on the reverse gear shaft, a limit nut is arranged at the end of the reverse gear shaft close to the power assembly, and a reverse gear spring is arranged between the limit nut and the reverse gear double gear; The operating assembly includes an operating lever, a shift arm and a shift fork. The operating assembly drives the main shaft double gear to slide and switch gears by clamping the shift fork on the shift block; An output assembly is provided between the gearbox and the wheel axle in the same direction. The output assembly includes a first bevel gear, a connecting shaft and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear is meshed with the transmission bevel gear. A traveling bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear is provided on the wheel axle.

5. According to claim 3, a four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments, characterized in that: The output speed of each gear of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox is the same; the transmission ratios of each forward gear of the front gearbox and the rear gearbox are the same, the transmission ratio range of the 1st gear is 1:160.0-170.0, the transmission ratio range of the 2nd gear is 1:41.4-45.5, the transmission ratio range of the 3rd gear is 1:23.7-26.0, and the reverse gear transmission ratio range is 1:54.5-60.

0.

6. The four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission part includes a front driving force input shaft and a transmission shaft, a first universal joint is arranged between the front driving force input shaft and the transmission shaft, and the second transmission part includes a rear driving force input shaft, a second universal joint is arranged between the rear driving force input shaft and the transmission shaft.

7. The four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a towing mechanism arranged at the rear end of the four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine, the towing mechanism is connected to a rear-mounted tillage machine, the towing mechanism includes a support frame fixed on the rear box body, the end of the support frame is detachably connected to a connecting frame, the end of the connecting frame is hinged with an L-shaped connecting plate, and a U-shaped towing frame is arranged on the outer side of the connecting plate.

8. The four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments according to claim 8, characterized in that: An adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the towing mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is a transversely arranged adjusting oil cylinder, and the output end of the adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the connecting plate.

9. The four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting mechanism arranged at the rear end of the four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine, the connecting mechanism is used for an external pump body, one end of the pump body is connected to a cleaning or irrigation water source; the connecting mechanism includes the end of the rear driving force input shaft passing through the rear box body and a connecting cover plate, the connecting cover plate is provided with an installation through hole, the rear box body is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the installation through hole, and connecting bolts are provided in the installation through hole and the threaded hole.

10. The four-wheel drive micro-tillage machine capable of one-time deep ploughing in various working environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving seat and a steering mechanism for operating the steering of the four-wheel drive micro-tiller. The steering mechanism includes a steering wheel, a steering connecting shaft, a connecting rod and a pull rod. The steering wheel is transmission-connected to the steering connecting shaft, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the steering connecting shaft, one end of the pull rod is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the pull rod is used to pull the rear gearbox to rotate.

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