Method for improving utilization rate of chemical fertilizer for apple trees

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and provides a method for improving the chemical fertilizer utilization rate of apple trees, according to the method, a furrow application organic fertilizer technology, a water and fertilizer integration technology and a plastic film mulching technology are comprehensively applied, and the chemical fertilizer utilization rate is improved in a mode of'expenditure and throttling '; by applying the furrow application organic fertilizer technology, the organic matter content of soil can be effectively increased, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the water retention and fertilizer retention capacities of the soil are enhanced, the number of apple absorption roots is increased, and the service life is prolonged; the water-fertilizer integrated technology is applied, so that the obvious water-saving, fertilizer-saving and labor-saving effects are achieved, and the apple nutrient requirements are matched in quantity, synchronized in time and coupled in space; by applying the black plastic film mulching technology, soil conditions such as temperature and humidity of soil in a fertilization ditch area can be kept in a relatively stable state, absorption of soil nutrient elements by absorption roots is facilitated, meanwhile, loss of the nutrient elements caused by volatilization and rainfall can be reduced, and the lasting period of the chemical fertilizer in the soil is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and specifically relates to a method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizers for apple trees, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the loss of fertilizers and reducing the application amount of fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] Apple is the largest deciduous fruit tree in my country, playing an important role in promoting the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, increasing the economic income of fruit farmers, meeting the people's growing demand for a better life and promoting local economic development. Fertilizer, as an extremely important agricultural production material, plays an important role in increasing the yield of apple trees and improving the quality of fruits.

[0003] In my country's apple orchards, 70.2% of nitrogen, 88.1% of phosphorus, and 56.4% of potassium are at excessive nutrient input levels, of which inorganic fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient inputs account for 81.0%, 79.1%, and 81.7% of the total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients, respectively. Excessive application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium macronutrient fertilizers not only leads to low fertilizer utilization rates, but also easily causes higher environmental risks. Excessive application of macronutrient fertilizers and insufficient application of medium and trace element fertilizers have caused a decline in soil quality and an imbalance in rhizosphere nutrients, leading to widespread physiological diseases such as bitter pit disease and black spot disease.

[0004] There are three main destinations for fertilizers applied to apple orchard soil: being absorbed and utilized by the apple roots of the season, remaining in the soil, or being lost to the environment through volatilization, leaching, etc. The nutrients remaining in the soil can be reused by the apple roots, while the nutrients lost to the environment through volatilization, leaching, etc. cannot be reused by the apple roots and are likely to cause environmental problems;

[0005] At present, there are many unscientific phenomena in the application of chemical fertilizers in apple orchards, especially the excessive application of large-scale fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which not only leads to low fertilizer utilization rate, but also easily causes environmental problems such as soil quality decline, nutrient imbalance and soil pollution. At the same time, the organic matter content of apple orchard soil is generally low, which restricts the sustainable development of the apple industry.

[0006] To this end, technicians in this field have proposed a method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizers for apple trees, so as to improve the utilization rate of fertilizers for apple trees and reduce the amount of fertilizer applied, so as to improve the soil environment, promote the healthy growth of apple trees, and improve the quality of fruit to solve the problems raised by the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizers for apple trees, so as to solve the many unscientific phenomena in the application of fertilizers in apple orchards in the prior art, especially the excessive application of large-scale fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which not only leads to low utilization rate of fertilizers, but also easily causes environmental problems, such as soil quality decline, nutrient imbalance and soil pollution; at the same time, the organic matter content of apple orchard soil is generally low, which restricts the sustainable development of the apple industry and other problems.

[0008] A method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer for apple trees comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. When applying basal fertilizer to apple trees, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm-40cm inward from the edge of the crown on both sides of the apple tree. The length of the fertilizer ditch is 80cm-100cm, the width is 30cm, and the depth is 40cm;

[0010] S2. Apply organic fertilizer in the fertilizer ditch. The application rate of organic fertilizer is 1.0kg-1.5kg of commercial organic fertilizer for every 1.0kg of fruit produced. At the same time, apply balanced compound fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) at a rate of 20kg for every 1000kg of fruit produced, and apply 50kg-100kg / mu of silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium fertilizers. For apple orchards that are deficient in zinc, iron and boron, apply 1.5kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 3.0kg / mu of ferrous sulfate and 1.0kg / mu of borax respectively.

[0011] S3. Mix organic fertilizer, balanced compound fertilizer, silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer and soil evenly, then backfill into the fertilizer ditch and irrigate sufficiently;

[0012] S4. Install a water-fertilizer integrated system above the fertilizer ditch. The drip irrigation pipe in the system is placed in the center above the fertilizer ditch. Multiple drippers are installed in each fertilizer ditch, and no drippers are installed outside the fertilizer ditch.

[0013] S5. Lay black mulch film on top of the fertilizer ditch and drip irrigation pipe, bury the edge of the mulch film in the soil and compact it to ensure that the mulch film completely covers the fertilizer ditch;

[0014] S6. According to the growth cycle of apple trees, apply highly soluble fertilizers such as urea, monoammonium phosphate (or diammonium phosphate), potassium sulfate, etc. regularly and quantitatively through the integrated water-fertilizer system, and control the amount of irrigation.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the irrigation amount is 50 kg.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the distance between the two drippers is 50% of the length of the fertilization trench.

[0017] Preferably, step S5 is specifically described as follows: laying high-quality black mulch film on top of the fertilizer ditch and drip irrigation pipe, the mulch film thickness is 0.1 mm, the mulch film length is 120 cm, and the width is 60 cm; when covering the film, the mulch film is tightened and straightened, a 5 cm deep groove is opened on the edge of the mulch film, and the mulch film is buried in the soil and compacted to ensure that the mulch film completely and evenly covers the entire fertilization ditch.

[0018] This method comprehensively applies ditch-applied organic fertilizer technology, water-fertilizer integration technology and mulching technology to improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in a "increasing revenue and reducing expenditure" manner; the application of ditch-applied organic fertilizer technology can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter, improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, enhance the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, increase the number of apple absorbing roots and extend their lifespan; the application of water-fertilizer integration technology has significant effects of saving water, fertilizer and labor, and achieves the goal of matching the nutrient needs of apples in quantity, synchronizing in time and coupling in space; the application of black mulching technology can keep soil conditions such as soil temperature and humidity in the fertilization ditch area in a relatively stable state, which is conducive to the absorption of soil nutrients by absorbing roots, while reducing the loss of nutrients due to volatilization and rainfall, and increasing the effective period of chemical fertilizers in the soil.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] First, the physical and chemical properties of the orchard soil are optimized, the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is improved, achieving the goal of saving water and fertilizer; second, stable and sufficient water and fertilizer conditions provide good conditions for the growth of apple tree roots, the trees are moderate and strong, and the buds are full, which is conducive to achieving sustained high and stable yields of apple trees; third, a well-grown root system, moderate and strong tree vigor, and good fertilizer and water conditions are beneficial to the production of fruits with excellent internal and external quality, and are conducive to the continuous increase in fruit farmers' economic income and the green, efficient and sustainable development of the apple industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the application of the present invention.

[0022] In the picture, 1. drip irrigation pipe; 2. ground film; 3. dripper; 4. fertilizer ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown:

[0025] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer for apple trees, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: For apple orchards with an area of ​​less than 10 mu; when applying basal fertilizer to apple trees (early-maturing and mid-maturing varieties should be applied from mid-September to mid-October, and late-maturing varieties should be applied immediately after fruit picking), dig two fertilizer trenches 4 with a length of 80cm to 100cm, a width of 30cm, and a depth of 40cm 30cm inward from the edge of the crown on both sides of the apple tree; apply organic fertilizer according to the standard of applying 1.0kg to 1.5kg of commercial organic fertilizer for every 1.0kg of fruit produced, and apply 20kg of balanced compound fertilizer for every 1000kg of fruit produced ( N: P2O5: K2O = 15:15:15), apply 50kg ~ 100kg / mu of silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer; for apple orchards lacking zinc, iron and boron, apply 1.5kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 3.0kg / mu of ferrous sulfate and 1.0kg / mu of borax; organic fertilizer, balanced compound fertilizer and silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer are mixed evenly with the soil, then backfilled and fully irrigated with 50kg of water. After the soil in the fertilizer ditch 4 is compacted, the fertilizer ditch 4 is backfilled to 5cm below the original soil surface, and a horizontal barrier is built in the middle of the fertilizer ditch 4 with soil to form two areas with a length of 40cm ~ 50cm;

[0027] Step 2: After step 1 is completed, a gravity self-pressure water-fertilizer integrated system is installed, in which the drip irrigation pipe 1 is placed above and in the center of the fertilizer ditch 4, and two drippers 2 are installed in each fertilizer ditch 4. The distance between the two drippers 3 is 50% of the length of the fertilizer ditch 4, and no drippers are installed outside the fertilizer ditch 4;

[0028] Step 3: After step 2 is completed, lay high-quality black mulch film 2 on the fertilizer ditch 4 and the drip irrigation pipe 1. The thickness of the mulch film 2 is 0.1 mm, the length of the mulch film 2 is 120 cm, and the width is 60 cm. When covering the film, tighten and straighten the mulch film 2, open a 5 cm deep groove on the edge of the mulch film 2, bury the mulch film 2 in the soil, and compact it to ensure that the mulch film 2 completely and evenly covers the entire fertilizer ditch 4.

[0029] Fertilizers were applied according to the principle of applying 5.0kg of pure nitrogen, 2.5kg of pure phosphorus, 5.5kg of pure potassium, and 10kg of calcium fertilizer for every 1000kg of fruit produced. Fertilizers with good solubility such as urea, monoammonium phosphate (diammonium phosphate), potassium sulfate, etc. were selected. Fertilizers were applied once before the apple trees sprouted (N:P2O5:K2O=20:20:0, 10kg of calcium ammonium nitrate), and the irrigation volume was 10m 3 ; Fertilize once before flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=10:10:10), irrigation volume 7.5m 3 ; Fertilize once every 2 to 4 weeks after flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=15:10:10), and irrigate with 10m 3 ; Fertilize once 6 to 8 weeks after flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=10:20:20), irrigation volume 10m 3; Fertilization was applied 3 times during the fruit expansion period (N:P2O5:K2O=5:0:10), and the irrigation volume was 10m 3 / times; fertilize once before harvest (N:P2O5:K2O=0:0:10), irrigation volume 5m 3 ; Fertilize once after harvest (N:P2O5:K2O=30:40:20), irrigate 7.5m 3 ; Irrigate once before freezing (N:P2O5:K2O=0:0:0), irrigation volume 15m 3 .

[0030] This method has the advantages of low cost, good effect, and labor saving, but the orchard ground needs to be relatively flat and have a stable water supply. If the orchard ground is uneven, use a small and simple power water-fertilizer integrated system to fertilize.

[0031] Embodiment 2: A method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer for apple trees, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: For apple orchards with an area of ​​10 to 200 mu; when applying basal fertilizer to apple trees (early-maturing and mid-maturing varieties should be applied from mid-September to mid-October, and late-maturing varieties should be applied immediately after fruit picking), dig two fertilizer trenches 4 with a length of 80 to 100 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a depth of 40 cm 30 cm to 40 cm inward from the edge of the crown on both sides of the apple tree; apply organic fertilizer according to the standard of applying 1.0 to 1.5 kg of commercial organic fertilizer for every 1.0 kg of fruit produced, and apply 20 kg of balanced compound fertilizer for every 1,000 kg of fruit produced (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15), apply 50kg~100kg / mu of silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer; for apple orchards lacking zinc, iron and boron, apply 1.5kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 3.0kg / mu of ferrous sulfate and 1.0kg / mu of borax; organic fertilizer, balanced compound fertilizer and silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer are mixed evenly with the soil, then backfilled and fully irrigated with 50kg of water. After the soil in the fertilizer ditch 4 is compacted, the fertilizer ditch 4 is backfilled to 5cm below the original soil surface, and a horizontal barrier is built in the middle of the fertilizer ditch 4 with soil to form two areas with a length of 40cm~50cm;

[0033] Step 2: After step 1 is completed, a small simple power water-fertilizer integrated system is installed, in which the drip irrigation pipe 1 is placed above and in the center of the fertilizer ditch 4, and two drippers 2 are installed in each fertilizer ditch 4, and the distance between the two drippers 3 is 50% of the length of the fertilizer ditch 4, and no drippers are installed outside the fertilizer ditch 4;

[0034] Step 3: After step 2 is completed, lay high-quality black mulch film 2 on the fertilizer ditch 4 and the drip irrigation pipe 1. The thickness of the mulch film 2 is 0.1 mm, the length of the mulch film 2 is 120 cm, and the width is 60 cm. When covering the film, tighten and straighten the mulch film 2, open a 5 cm deep groove on the edge of the mulch film 2, bury the mulch film 2 in the soil, and compact it to ensure that the mulch film 2 completely and evenly covers the entire fertilizer ditch 4.

[0035] Fertilizers were applied according to the principle of applying 5.0kg of pure nitrogen, 2.5kg of pure phosphorus, 5.5kg of pure potassium, and 10kg of calcium fertilizer for every 1000kg of fruit produced. Fertilizers with good solubility such as urea, monoammonium phosphate (diammonium phosphate), potassium sulfate, etc. were selected. Fertilizers were applied once before the apple trees sprouted (N:P2O5:K2O=20:20:0, 10kg of calcium ammonium nitrate), and the irrigation volume was 10m 3 ; Fertilize once before flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=10:10:10), irrigation volume 7.5m 3 ; Fertilize once every 2 to 4 weeks after flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=15:10:10), and irrigate with 10m 3 ; Fertilize once 6 to 8 weeks after flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=10:20:20), irrigation volume 10m 3 ; Fertilization was applied 3 times during the fruit expansion period (N:P2O5:K2O=5:0:10), and the irrigation volume was 10m 3 / times; fertilize once before harvest (N:P2O5:K2O=0:0:10), irrigation volume 5m 3 ; Fertilize once after harvest (N:P2O5:K2O=30:40:20), irrigate 7.5m 3 ; Irrigate once before freezing (N:P2O5:K2O=0:0:0), irrigation volume 15m 3 .

[0036] This technical model is suitable for orchards with moderate production scale. It has the characteristics of low investment cost, labor saving and good effect, and requires a stable water supply.

[0037] Embodiment 3: A method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer for apple trees, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: For apple orchards with an area of ​​more than 200 mu; when applying basal fertilizer to apple trees (early-maturing and mid-maturing varieties should be applied in mid-September to mid-October, and late-maturing varieties should be applied immediately after fruit picking), dig two fertilizer trenches 4 with a length of 80cm to 100cm, a width of 30cm, and a depth of 40cm 30cm inward from the edge of the crown on both sides of the apple tree; apply organic fertilizer according to the standard of applying 1.0kg to 1.5kg of commercial organic fertilizer for every 1.0kg of fruit produced, and apply 20kg of balanced compound fertilizer for every 1000kg of fruit produced. Fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15), apply 50kg~100kg / mu of silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer; for apple orchards lacking zinc, iron and boron, apply 1.5kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 3.0kg / mu of ferrous sulfate and 1.0kg / mu of borax; organic fertilizer, balanced compound fertilizer and silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer are mixed with the soil evenly, then backfilled and fully irrigated. After the soil in the fertilizer ditch 4 is compacted, the fertilizer ditch 4 is backfilled to 5cm below the original soil surface, and a horizontal barrier is built in the middle of the fertilizer ditch 4 with soil to form two areas with a length of 40cm~50cm;

[0039] Step 2: After step 1 is completed, a large-scale automated water-fertilizer integrated system is installed, in which the drip irrigation pipe 1 is placed above and in the center of the fertilizer ditch 4, and two drippers 2 are installed in each fertilizer ditch 4, and the distance between the two drippers 3 is 50% of the length of the fertilizer ditch 4, and no drippers are installed in the area outside the fertilizer ditch 4;

[0040] Step 3: After step 2 is completed, lay high-quality black mulch film 2 on the fertilizer ditch 4 and the drip irrigation pipe 1. The thickness of the mulch film 2 is 0.1 mm, the length of the mulch film 2 is 120 cm, and the width is 60 cm. When covering the film, tighten and straighten the mulch film 2, open a 5 cm deep groove on the edge of the mulch film 2, bury the mulch film 2 in the soil, and compact it to ensure that the mulch film 2 completely and evenly covers the entire fertilizer ditch 4.

[0041] Fertilizers were applied according to the principle of applying 5.0kg of pure nitrogen, 2.5kg of pure phosphorus, 5.5kg of pure potassium, and 10kg of calcium fertilizer for every 1000kg of fruit produced. Urea, monoammonium phosphate (diammonium phosphate), potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate and other fertilizers with good solubility were selected. Fertilizer was applied once before the apple trees sprouted (N:P2O5:K2O=20:20:0, calcium ammonium nitrate 10kg), and the irrigation volume was 10m 3 ; Fertilize once before flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=10:10:10), irrigation volume 7.5m 3 ; Fertilize once every 2 to 4 weeks after flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=15:10:10), and irrigate with 10m 3 ; Fertilize once 6 to 8 weeks after flowering (N:P2O5:K2O=10:20:20), irrigation volume 10m 3; Fertilization was applied 3 times during the fruit expansion period (N:P2O5:K2O=5:0:10), and the irrigation volume was 10m 3 / times; fertilize once before harvest (N:P2O5:K2O=0:0:10), irrigation volume 5m 3 ; Fertilize once after harvest (N:P2O5:K2O=30:40:20), irrigate 7.5m 3 ; Irrigate once before freezing (N:P2O5:K2O=0:0:0), irrigation volume 15m 3 .

[0042] This technical model is suitable for orchards with larger production scales and higher investment costs. It has the characteristics of high degree of automation, labor saving, and good results, and requires a stable water supply.

[0043] The method of improving fertilizer utilization rate of apple trees in the embodiment is compared with the current traditional ditch fertilization technology (conventional application of fertilizer) on the quality and yield of 4-year-old dwarf densely planted Qincui fruits, and the following table is obtained:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] As can be seen from the above table, Table 1 shows that, compared with the traditional furrow fertilization technology (conventional application of chemical fertilizers), the present invention (reduced fertilizer application by 50%) increases the weight of single fruit by 1.9%, increases the hardness by 2.8%, increases the soluble solid content by 5.9%, reduces the titratable acid content by 5.6%, and increases the yield per plant by 2.0%; therefore, compared with the traditional furrow fertilization technology, the present invention reduces the amount of fertilizer application by 50% and increases the utilization rate of fertilizer by 40% to 50%.

[0047] In summary: the present invention has the following effects:

[0048] 1) Improve fertilizer utilization rate: Through the comprehensive application of ditch application of organic fertilizer, water-fertilizer integration and mulch film 2 covering technology, the utilization rate of fertilizer is significantly improved and the loss and waste of fertilizer is reduced;

[0049] 2) Improve soil environment: increase soil organic matter content, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, which is conducive to the healthy growth of apple tree roots;

[0050] 3) Promote the growth of apple trees: Provide stable and sufficient water and fertilizer conditions for the root system of apple trees, promote the growth and development of the root system, make the tree vigorous and strong, and make the buds full, which is conducive to achieving high and stable yields of apple trees;

[0051] 4) Improve fruit quality: Good root system and tree vigor conditions combined with reasonable fertilizer and water management can help produce apples with excellent internal and external quality, and enhance the market competitiveness of the fruit;

[0052] 5) Reduce environmental pollution: By reducing the amount of fertilizer applied and improving its utilization rate, the pollution of fertilizer to the environment is reduced, which is conducive to the green and sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer for apple trees, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. When applying basal fertilizer to the apple tree, dig a fertilizer ditch (4) 30 cm to 40 cm inward from the edge of the crown on both sides of the apple tree. The fertilizer ditch (4) is 80 cm to 100 cm long, 30 cm wide and 40 cm deep; S2. Apply organic fertilizer in the fertilizer ditch (4). The application rate of organic fertilizer is 1.0kg-1.5kg of commercial organic fertilizer for every 1.0kg of fruit produced. At the same time, a balanced compound fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) is mixed and applied. The application rate is 20kg for every 1000kg of fruit produced. Silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer is applied at 50kg-100kg / mu. For apple orchards that are deficient in zinc, iron, or boron, 1.5kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 3.0kg / mu of ferrous sulfate, and 1.0kg / mu of borax are also applied. S3, mixing organic fertilizer, balanced compound fertilizer, silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer and soil evenly, then backfilling into the fertilizer ditch (4), and irrigating sufficiently with water; S4, installing a water-fertilizer integrated system above the fertilizer ditch (4), wherein the drip irrigation pipe (1) is placed at the central position above the fertilizer ditch (4), and each fertilizer ditch (4) is installed with a plurality of drippers (3), and no drippers are installed in the area outside the fertilizer ditch (4); S5. Lay a black ground film (2) above the fertilizer trench (4) and the drip irrigation pipe (1), bury the edge of the ground film (2) in the soil and compact it to ensure that the ground film (2) completely covers the fertilizer trench (4); S6. According to the growth cycle of apple trees, apply highly soluble fertilizers such as urea, monoammonium phosphate (or diammonium phosphate), potassium sulfate, etc. regularly and quantitatively through the integrated water-fertilizer system, and control the amount of irrigation.

2. A method for improving fertilizer utilization rate for apple trees as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the irrigation amount is 50 kg.

3. A method for improving fertilizer utilization rate for apple trees as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the distance between the two drippers (3) is 50% of the length of the fertilizer ditch (4).

4. A method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer for apple trees as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 is specifically described as follows: a high-quality black ground film (2) is laid on the fertilizer trench (4) and the drip irrigation pipe (1), the ground film (2) having a thickness of 0.1 mm, a length of 120 cm and a width of 60 cm; when covering the ground film (2), the ground film (2) is tightened and straightened, a groove with a depth of 5 cm is opened at the edge of the ground film (2), and the ground film (2) is buried in the soil and compacted to ensure that the ground film (2) completely and evenly covers the entire fertilizer trench (4).

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