Nutrition regulating agent for dairy cows in perinatal period and preparation method of nutrition regulating agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrition regulating agent for dairy cows in the perinatal period and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of animal husbandry production. The feed additive comprises the following nutritional ingredients in percentage by mass: 10%-20% of calcium carbonate, 5%-10% of calcium hydrophosphate, 10%-15% of rumen protected fatty acid calcium, vitamin D3, 4%-6% of anionic salt, 0.1%-0.15% of L-carnitine, 0.6%-1% of nicotinic acid, 0.08%-0.12% of tryptophan, 2%-3% of a yeast culture, 0.3%-0.7% of sodium butyrate and the balance of a carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, premixing calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, rumen protected fatty acid calcium, anionic salt and vitamin D3; step 2, respectively coating metabolism adaptive components, namely L-carnitine, nicotinic acid and tryptophan, and functional additives, namely yeast culture and sodium butyrate, by micro-capsules to prepare the micro-capsules; and 3, mixing the premix obtained in the step 1, the microencapsulated component obtained in the step 2 and a carrier, and granulating at low temperature to obtain the nutrition regulating agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry production, in particular to a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The peripartum period of dairy cows is a special and important stage in dairy cow breeding. During this period, dairy cows go through multiple physiological stages such as pregnancy, delivery and lactation; at the same time, dairy cows will experience a series of changes and stresses in physiology, nutrition and metabolism, which leads to a series of diseases in peripartum dairy cows. The incidence rate has remained high, such as milk fever, ketosis, retained placenta and mastitis. In the investigation and analysis of the longevity and main reasons for culling of adult cows in ranches with more than 100 heads nationwide, we found that the culling of adult cows in ranches with more than 100 heads in China showed a certain pattern. The proportion of adult cows culled within 60 days after giving birth was the highest, accounting for 27% of the total number of culled cows. This shows that new cows are often culled due to disease problems before reaching the peak of milk production, causing serious economic losses to the dairy farming industry.

[0003] During the peripartum period, due to changes in metabolism and the onset of lactation, the cow's need for nutrients increases greatly, which greatly changes the body's immune status, causes a certain degree of disorder in leukocyte function, weakens the immunity of lymphocytes and neutrophils, and suppresses immune function. During this period, the cow's innate and acquired immune defenses are reduced to the lowest, and the cow's anti-inflammatory and antibacterial abilities decline rapidly, resulting in high rates of peripartum diseases and affecting milk production levels. Peripartum diet regulation and the use of immunopotentiators are effective ways to improve the immunity of peripartum cows. Therefore, we proposed a peripartum nutritional regulator for dairy cows and a preparation method thereof to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this background technology is only used to increase the understanding of the background technology of the present invention and therefore, it may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a peripartum nutritional regulator for dairy cows, comprising the following nutritional ingredients in percentage by mass: 10% to 20% calcium carbonate, 5% to 10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 10% to 15% rumen-pass fatty acid calcium, vitamin D3, 4% to 6% anion salt, 0.1% to 0.15% L-carnitine, 0.6% to 1% niacin, 0.08% to 0.12% tryptophan, 2% to 3% yeast culture, 0.3% to 0.7% sodium butyrate, and the remainder carrier.

[0007] Preferably, the vitamin D3 content is 2000-2500 IU / kg DM.

[0008] Preferably, the anion salt is prepared by mixing ammonium chloride and magnesium sulfate in a ratio of 2:1.

[0009] Preferably, the carrier is puffed soybean hull.

[0010] A method for preparing a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: premix calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, rumen bypass fatty acid calcium, anion salt and vitamin D3;

[0012] Step 2: Encapsulating the metabolic adaptation components L-carnitine, niacin, and tryptophan with the functional additives yeast culture and sodium butyrate respectively to prepare microcapsules;

[0013] Step 3: Mix the premix of step 1, the microencapsulated component of step 2 and the carrier, and granulate at low temperature to obtain the nutrition regulator.

[0014] Preferably, the specific steps of step 2 are: adding L-carnitine, niacin and tryptophan into a three-dimensional mixer and mixing them evenly, placing them in a trough mixer, adding purified water in batches, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes after each addition of water, to obtain a soft capsule core, and then forming an intermediate product by extrusion spheronization, screening the intermediate product, using a mesh sieve to screen to obtain particles that meet the requirements, recovering large capsule cores that cannot pass through the mesh sieve and crushing them for reuse, coating the screened particles to prepare microcapsules; and coating yeast culture and sodium butyrate microcapsules in the same way to prepare microcapsules.

[0015] Preferably, the coating material is talc or stearic acid.

[0016] Preferably, in step 3, the granulation particle size is 3 to 5 mm, and the moisture content is controlled to be ≤10%.

[0017] Preferably, the carrier is puffed soybean hull.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention significantly reduces the peripartum disease rate by optimizing the calcium-energy balance and metabolic adaptation pathway in the diet, while utilizing moderate negative energy balance to stimulate milk production potential, thereby achieving the unity of health and efficient production.

[0020] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mean and frequency distribution of plasma iCa in 1-5 parities of dairy cows on a certain ranch;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the changes in perinatal disease incidence and milk production under different calcium levels;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the correlation analysis between milk production and plasma iCa levels in dairy cows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] A peripartum nutritional regulator for dairy cows, comprising the following nutritional ingredients in percentage by mass:

[0026] Calcium source and energy ratio:

[0027] Calcium source: 10% to 20% calcium carbonate, 5% to 10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, to ensure that the dietary calcium level is 1.2% to 1.4%;

[0028] 10% to 15% rumen-pass fatty acid calcium to increase energy density to 1.50-1.55Mcal / kg;

[0029] Blood calcium regulation components:

[0030] Vitamin D3, 2000-2500 IU / kg DM;

[0031] Anion salt 4%-6%, using ammonium chloride and magnesium sulfate in a 2:1 ratio, dynamically adjust the amount of anion salt added based on blood calcium testing to maintain blood calcium at 0.95-1.1mmol / L;

[0032] Metabolic adaptation components:

[0033] L-carnitine 0.1% to 0.15%, niacin 0.6% to 1%, and tryptophan 0.08% to 0.12% are used to regulate ketone body metabolism and the tryptophan-acylcarnitine pathway and promote adaptation to negative energy balance;

[0034] Functional additives:

[0035] Yeast culture 2% to 3%, sodium butyrate 0.3% to 0.7%, improve rumen health and reduce inflammatory response;

[0036] The balance carrier is made of expanded soybean hulls.

[0037] A method for preparing a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: premix calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, rumen bypass fatty acid calcium, anion salt and vitamin D3;

[0039] Step 2: Encapsulating the metabolic adaptation components L-carnitine, niacin, and tryptophan with the functional additives yeast culture and sodium butyrate respectively to prepare microcapsules;

[0040] Specifically, L-carnitine, niacin and tryptophan are added to a three-dimensional mixer and mixed evenly, and then placed in a trough mixer, and purified water is added in portions, and stirred for 10 to 15 minutes after each addition of water to obtain a soft capsule core, and then an intermediate product is formed by an extrusion spheronization method, and the intermediate product is screened, and a mesh sieve is used to screen to obtain particles that meet the requirements, and large capsule cores that cannot pass through the mesh sieve are recovered and crushed for reuse, and the screened particles are coated to prepare microcapsules, and the coating material is talcum powder or stearic acid; yeast culture and sodium butyrate microcapsules are coated in the same way to prepare microcapsules;

[0041] Step 3: Mix the premix of step 1 and the microencapsulated component of step 2 with a carrier, wherein the carrier is expanded soybean hull, and granulate at low temperature to obtain a nutrition regulator, wherein the granulation particle size is 3 to 5 mm, and the moisture content is controlled to be ≤10%.

[0042] Usage: Use from the pre-perinatal period (21 days before delivery) to 21 days after delivery, with the daily addition amount being 8% to 10% of the dry matter in the diet.

[0043] Correlation analysis between milk production and plasma iCa level in dairy cows

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2, with the increase of parity, the average level of iCa in the plasma of peripartum dairy cows showed a downward trend; Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2, the overall incidence of periparturient dairy cows gradually decreased with the increase of calcium levels, but the decrease after 0.95mmol / L was not obvious; Figure 3 As shown in the figure, except for the second parity, the milk production of cows of all parities showed a significant negative correlation with the plasma iCa level on the day of parturition, and when the iCa level was greater than 1.1, the milk production level tended to decrease.

[0045] In summary, the overall incidence of peripartum dairy cows gradually decreases with the increase of calcium levels, but the decrease after 0.95mmol / L is not obvious, and when the iCa level is greater than 1.1, the milk production level tends to decrease. Therefore, adjusting the blood calcium concentration to 0.95-1.1mmol / L is conducive to achieving a balance between health and milk production performance.

[0046] Effects of dietary energy level and calcium concentration in the pre-peripartum period on the health status of dairy cows during lactation

[0047] The dairy cows were divided into 6 groups according to the energy level and calcium concentration of the diet in the pre-peripartum period, namely, high calcium and high energy (HEHC) group, high calcium and medium energy (MEHC) group, high calcium and low energy (LEHC) group, low calcium and high energy (HELC) group, low calcium and medium energy (MELC) group, and low calcium and low energy (LELC) group.

[0048] Table 1. Effects of different energy and calcium concentration diets in the pre-peripartum period on the health status of dairy cows during lactation

[0049]

[0050] The results showed that the total number of diseased individuals in the high-calcium and medium-energy group was the lowest, and the incidence of metritis, digestive diseases, and mastitis was the lowest in the high-calcium and medium-energy group. Therefore, it is recommended to appropriately increase the energy concentration on the basis of high-calcium and medium-energy (1.42Mcal / kg) to improve the milk production potential while keeping the cows healthy.

[0051] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peripartum nutritional regulator for dairy cows, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following nutritional ingredients in percentage by mass: 10% to 20% calcium carbonate, 5% to 10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 10% to 15% rumen bypass fatty acid calcium, vitamin D3, 4% to 6% anion salt, 0.1% to 0.15% L-carnitine, 0.6% to 1% niacin, 0.08% to 0.12% tryptophan, 2% to 3% yeast culture, 0.3% to 0.7% sodium butyrate, and the balance carrier.

2. A peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vitamin D3 content is 2000-2500 IU / kg DM.

3. A peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anion salt is prepared by mixing ammonium chloride and magnesium sulfate in a ratio of 2:

1.

4. A peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier is expanded soybean hull.

5. The method for preparing a peripartum nutritional regulator for dairy cows according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: premix calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, rumen bypass fatty acid calcium, anion salt and vitamin D3; Step 2: Encapsulating the metabolic adaptation components L-carnitine, niacin, and tryptophan with the functional additives yeast culture and sodium butyrate respectively to prepare microcapsules; Step 3: Mix the premix of step 1, the microencapsulated component of step 2 and the carrier, and granulate at low temperature to obtain the nutrition regulator.

6. The method for preparing a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of step 2 are: adding L-carnitine, nicotinic acid and tryptophan into a three-dimensional mixer and mixing them evenly, placing them in a trough mixer, adding purified water in batches, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes after each addition of water, to obtain a soft capsule core, and then forming an intermediate product by extrusion spheronization, screening the intermediate product, using a mesh sieve to screen to obtain particles that meet the requirements, recovering large capsule cores that cannot pass through the mesh sieve and crushing them for reuse, and coating the screened particles to prepare microcapsules; using the same method to coat yeast culture and sodium butyrate microcapsules to prepare microcapsules.

7. The method for preparing a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coating material is talc or stearic acid.

8. The method for preparing a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 3, the granulation particle size is 3-5 mm, and the moisture content is controlled to be ≤10%.

9. The method for preparing a peripartum nutrition regulator for dairy cows according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carrier is expanded soybean hull.

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