Feed for improving semen quality of old boars and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed for improving the quality of semen of an old boar and an application of the feed. The feed disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 8 to 10 parts of corn, 18 to 23 parts of red sorghum, 37 to 43 parts of hulled barley, 12 to 17 parts of bran, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of functional fiber, 7 to 9 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of fish oil or microalgae powder, 1.3 to 1.4 parts of mountain flour, 1 to 1.2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4 to 0.5 part of sodium chloride, 0.2 to 0.3 part of lysine, 0.1 to 0.15 part of L-threonine, 0.1 to 0.15 part of choline chloride, 1 to 1.5 parts of betaine and 0.5 to 1 part of a premix for boars. After the feed is applied, the total effective sperm number of the aged boars is remarkably increased, the sperm motility and form are improved, the breeding age limit is prolonged, the production value is increased, and the biological safety risk caused by the high renewal rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed, and in particular to a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The semen quality of artificial insemination station boars not only determines the utilization rate of semen, but is also closely related to the elimination and breeding years of boars. Keeping artificial insemination station boars able to produce high-quality semen for a long time is of great significance for extending the breeding years of boars, improving production value, giving full play to the breeding value of excellent boars, and reducing the potential biosafety risks brought by high renewal rates.

[0003] Extensive exploration has been conducted at home and abroad in the field of boar semen quality control technology, and the main technical solutions include methods based on anti-oxidative stress, improving sperm cell membrane integrity, regulating mitochondrial oxidation energy supply, and regulating intestinal microorganisms. These technologies have improved boar semen quality to a certain extent, but there are still certain limitations.

[0004] Although the existing technology has improved the quality of boar semen to a certain extent, there is a lack of in-depth research on the decline in boar semen quality. Studies have shown that the semen quality of aged boars is regulated by the level of RNA methylation, and nutritional metabolic processes such as the one-carbon metabolism of cells are important factors affecting the potential for cellular RNA methylation modification. The increased level of epigenetic modification of sperm RNA methylation is one of the key reasons for the decline in semen quality in male animals. At present, nutritional regulation technology for sperm RNA methylation epigenetic modification to resist semen quality decline has not been established. Therefore, optimizing the formula composition and nutritional level of feed and improving the level of sperm RNA methylation modification may be an effective way to improve the semen quality of aged boars. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a feed and application for improving the semen quality of aged boars. The present invention optimizes the composition of the diet formula and reduces the epigenetic modification state of boar sperm, thereby improving the semen quality of aged boars, extending their breeding life and increasing their production value.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution designed by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The invention provides a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars. The feed consists of the following ingredients by weight: 8-10 parts of corn, 18-23 parts of red sorghum, 37-43 parts of hulled barley, 12-17 parts of bran, 0.5-1.5 parts of functional fiber, 7-9 parts of soybean meal, 1.5-2.5 parts of fish oil or microalgae powder, 1.3-1.4 parts of stone powder, 1-1.2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4-0.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.3 parts of lysine, 0.1-0.15 parts of L-threonine, 0.1-0.15 parts of choline chloride, 1-1.5 parts of betaine and 0.5-1 parts of boar premix.

[0008] Furthermore, the feed is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 8.2 to 9 parts of corn, 20 to 22.2 parts of red sorghum, 37.3 to 40 parts of hulled barley, 14 to 16.1 parts of bran, 1.2 to 1.5 parts of functional fiber, 7 to 8 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of fish oil or microalgae powder, 1.3 to 1.35 parts of stone powder, 1.1 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.45 to 0.46 parts of sodium chloride, 0.25 parts of lysine, 0.1 to 0.11 parts of L-threonine, 0.14 parts of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of betaine and 0.6 parts of boar premix.

[0009] Furthermore, the functional fiber is any one of inulin and konjac glucomannan.

[0010] Furthermore, the feed consists of the following ingredients, measured by weight: 9 parts of corn, 20 parts of red sorghum, 40 parts of hulled barley, 14 parts of bran, 1.2 parts of inulin, 8 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 parts of fish oil, 1.3 parts of stone powder, 1.1 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.45 parts of sodium chloride, 0.25 parts of lysine, 0.1 parts of L-threonine, 0.14 parts of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of betaine and 0.6 parts of boar premix.

[0011] Furthermore, each kg of the boar premix comprises the following ingredients: 100-120 mg iron, 10,000-12,000 IU vitamin A, 2,000-2,500 IU vitamin D3, 400-500 mg vitamin E, 2-2.5 mg vitamin K3, 2-2.5 mg vitamin B1, 8-10 mg vitamin B2, 4-6 mg vitamin B6, 0.025-0.35 mg vitamin B12, 40-50 mg niacin, 20-30 mg pantothenic acid, 4-6 mg folic acid, 0.2-0.4 mg biotin, 100-150 mg copper, 150-200 mg zinc, 50-70 mg manganese, 0.5-0.8 mg selenium and 1-1.5 mg iodine, wherein the iron is provided in the form of hydroxymethionine iron.

[0012] Furthermore, the effective content of choline chloride is 50%, and the effective content of betaine is 50%.

[0013] Furthermore, the SID lysine level in every 100 kg of feed is 0.55-0.62 kg; the ratio of SID methionine to SID lysine is 0.27-0.31.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the feed, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) According to the above weight proportions, corn, red sorghum, barley, bran, functional fiber, soybean meal, fish oil or microalgae powder, stone powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, lysine, L-threonine, choline chloride, betaine and boar premix are weighed;

[0016] (2) The weighed raw materials are mixed to obtain a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars.

[0017] The present invention also provides an application of the feed in improving the semen quality of boars, characterized in that the feed is used as a daily diet to feed boars for 16 to 20 weeks; the daily feeding amount of the boars is 2.5 to 2.9 kg.

[0018] Furthermore, the daily feeding amount of the boar is as follows:

[0019] 1) Daily feeding amount for boars with back fat thickness of 14-16 mm at P2: 2.7 kg;

[0020] 2) Daily feed amount for boars with back fat thickness <14mm at P2: 2.9kg;

[0021] 3) Daily feeding amount for boars with back fat thickness >16mm at P2: 2.5kg.

[0022] The invention also provides an application of the feed in increasing the breeding life of boars.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] 1. The feed of the present invention can significantly reduce the level of epigenetic modification of RNA methylation in boar sperm. Studies have shown that increased levels of RNA methylation in sperm are one of the key reasons for the decline in semen quality in male animals. By optimizing the formula composition and nutritional level of the feed, especially by adjusting key nutritional parameters such as SID lysine level, SID methionine to lysine ratio, daily intake of n-3PUFA, and vitamin E addition, the present invention effectively reduces the level of sperm RNA methylation modification, thereby improving semen quality. This effect has been verified in experiments. The total effective sperm count of boars fed the diet of the present invention has been significantly improved, and sperm motility and morphology have also been significantly improved.

[0025] 2. The present invention significantly extends the breeding life of old boars. The semen quality of boars not only determines the utilization rate of semen, but is also closely related to their elimination and breeding life. Through the dietary formula of the present invention, old boars can produce high-quality semen for a long time, which not only extends their breeding life, but also improves their production value. This has important economic significance for giving full play to the breeding value of excellent boars and reducing the elimination rate of boars.

[0026] 3. The present invention effectively improves the production level and economic benefits of the pig farming industry. By improving the semen quality of aged boars and extending their breeding years, the present invention not only improves the utilization rate of semen, but also reduces the potential biosafety risks caused by the high renewal rate. This is of great significance for improving the overall production level and economic benefits of the pig farming industry. Especially in the current situation where the pig farming industry is facing many challenges, the promotion and application of the present invention will bring significant economic and social benefits to the industry.

[0027] 4. The feed formula design of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, and is easy to implement and promote. By carefully selecting and proportioning various feed raw materials, the balanced supply of nutrients is ensured, and the special nutritional needs of aging boars are met. At the same time, the present invention also adjusts the feeding amount according to the body condition of the boar, ensuring the effective use of feed and the health of the boar. This scientific and reasonable formula design makes the present invention have high practicality and promotion value.

[0028] 5. The present invention represents a new development trend in boar semen quality control technology. The present invention provides a new technical solution by means of nutritional control and epigenetic modification, opening up a new direction for the development of boar semen quality control technology.

[0029] In summary, the present invention significantly reduces the level of RNA methylation epigenetic modification of boar sperm, improves the semen quality of aged boars, extends their breeding life, increases production value, reduces biosafety risks, and has significant application effects and wide promotion value, which is of great significance for improving the overall production level and economic benefits of the pig industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the effect of the feed of Example 1 on the RNA methylation level of boar sperm;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the effect of the feed in Example 2 on the RNA methylation level of boar sperm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can understand.

[0033] Experimental Materials:

[0034] 1. Each kg of boar premix includes the following ingredients: 100-120 mg iron (provided in the form of hydroxymethionine iron), 10,000-12,000 IU vitamin A, 2,000-2,500 IU vitamin D3, 400-500 mg vitamin E, 2-2.5 mg vitamin K3, 2-2.5 mg vitamin B1, 8-10 mg vitamin B2, 4-6 mg vitamin B6, 0.025-0.35 mg vitamin B12, 40-50 mg niacin, 20-30 mg pantothenic acid, 4-6 mg folic acid, 0.2-0.4 mg biotin, 100-150 mg copper, 150-200 mg zinc, 50-70 mg manganese, 0.5-0.8 mg selenium and 1-1.5 mg iodine.

[0035] 2. Choline chloride: The content of effective choline chloride is 50%.

[0036] 3. Betaine: The content of effective betaine is 50%.

[0037] 4. Fish oil and microalgae powder: DHA content ≥ 20%.

[0038] 5. The experiment was conducted at a boar breeding station of a company in Guangxi. The boar breeding station is equipped with perfect feeding management and semen collection and analysis equipment, which can accurately evaluate the changes in boar semen quality.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A feed for improving semen quality of aged boars

[0041] 1. The feed formula of this embodiment is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 9 parts of corn, 20 parts of red sorghum, 40 parts of hulled barley, 14 parts of bran, 1.2 parts of functional fiber (inulin), 8 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 parts of fish oil, 1.3 parts of stone powder, 1.1 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.45 parts of sodium chloride, 0.25 parts of lysine, 0.1 parts of L-threonine, 0.14 parts of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of betaine and 0.6 parts of boar premix.

[0042] Per 100kg feed:

[0043] (1) SID lysine (derived from corn, red sorghum, barley bran, bran, soybean meal and lysine in feed) level is 0.55-0.62kg.

[0044] (2) The ratio of SID methionine (derived from corn, red sorghum, barley bran and soybean meal in feed) to SID lysine is 0.27-0.31.

[0045] 2. A method for preparing a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars: Weigh corn, red sorghum, hulled barley, bran, functional fiber (inulin), soybean meal, fish oil, stone powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, lysine, L-threonine, choline chloride, betaine and boar premix according to the above-mentioned weight portions, mix them to obtain a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars.

[0046] 3. Feeding plan: 24 boars with an average age of 38 months or more were selected for the experiment, and they were fed with feed that improves the semen quality of old boars for 16 weeks. The specific feeding amount is:

[0047] (1) Daily feed amount for boars with back fat thickness of 14-16 mm at P2: 2.7 kg;

[0048] (2) Boars with backfat thickness <14 mm at P2 were fed 2.9 kg per day;

[0049] (3) For boars with back fat thickness >16mm at P2, feed 2.5kg per day.

[0050] At the beginning of each month, the monthly feed amount is adjusted according to the back fat thickness at P2. The daily intake of n-3 PUFA (mainly provided by fish oil) for boars is 5-6 g / d, and the daily intake of DHA (mainly provided by fish oil) for boars is 3-4 g / d.

[0051] 4. Implementation effect: After the 8th week, the semen quality of the boars was tested, with the control group fed with ordinary feed for the boars and the test group fed with the feed of this embodiment for the boars. The results showed that:

[0052] (1) Total effective sperm count: The total effective sperm count of the control group was 682.73×10 8 The total effective sperm count of the experimental group was 910.39×10 8 Compared with the control group, the experimental group increased by 33.35%;

[0053] (2) Sperm deformity rate: The sperm deformity rate in the control group was 13%, while that in the experimental group was 4.5%. The sperm deformity rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group.

[0054] (3) Sperm RNA methylation level: The results are as follows Figure 1 As shown, the sperm RNA methylation level in the control group was 1.08%, and the sperm RNA methylation level in the experimental group was 0.79%;

[0055] (4) Elimination and breeding life: The proportion of boars eliminated due to semen quality was 12.1% in the control group, while that in the experimental group was 3.2%. The breeding life of boars in the experimental group was extended by 1.5 months.

[0056] In addition, by continuing feeding for 16 weeks, it was observed that the breeding life of the boars was extended and the production value was significantly improved.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A feed for improving semen quality of aged boars

[0059] 1. The feed formula of this embodiment is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 8.2 parts of corn, 22.2 parts of red sorghum, 37.3 parts of hulled barley, 16.1 parts of bran, 1.5 parts of functional fiber (konjac glucomannan), 7 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of microalgae powder, 1.35 parts of stone powder, 1.1 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.46 parts of sodium chloride, 0.25 parts of lysine, 0.11 parts of L-threonine, 0.14 parts of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of betaine and 0.6 parts of boar premix.

[0060] Per 100kg feed:

[0061] (1) SID lysine (derived from corn, red sorghum, barley bran, bran, soybean meal and lysine in feed) level is 0.55-0.62kg.

[0062] (2) The ratio of SID methionine (derived from corn, red sorghum, barley bran and soybean meal in feed) to SID lysine is 0.27-0.31.

[0063] 2. A method for preparing a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars: corn, red sorghum, barley bran, functional fiber (konjac glucomannan), soybean meal, microalgae powder, stone powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, lysine, L-threonine, choline chloride, betaine and boar premix are weighed according to the above-mentioned weight portions, and the mixture is mixed to obtain a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars.

[0064] 3. Feeding plan: 30 boars with an average age of 38 months or more were selected for the experiment, and they were fed with feed that improves the semen quality of old boars for 16 weeks. The specific feeding amount is:

[0065] (1) Daily feed amount for boars with back fat thickness of 14-16 mm at P2: 2.7 kg;

[0066] (2) Boars with backfat thickness <14 mm at P2 were fed 2.9 kg per day;

[0067] (3) For boars with back fat thickness >16mm at P2, feed 2.5kg per day.

[0068] At the beginning of each month, the feeding amount for that month is adjusted according to the back fat thickness at P2. The daily intake of n-3 PUFA (mainly provided by microalgae powder) for boars is 5-6 g / d, and the daily intake of DHA (mainly provided by microalgae powder) for boars is 3-4 g / d.

[0069] 4. Implementation effect: After the 8th week, the semen quality of boars was tested, with the control group fed with ordinary feed for boars and the test group fed with the feed of this embodiment for boars. The results showed that:

[0070] (1) Total effective sperm count: The total effective sperm count of the control group was 658.28×10 8 The total effective sperm count of the experimental group was 892.41×10 8 Compared with the control group, the experimental group increased by 26.23%;

[0071] (2) Sperm deformity rate: The sperm deformity rate in the control group was 8.1%, while that in the experimental group was 3.2%. The sperm deformity rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group.

[0072] (3) Sperm RNA methylation level: The results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the sperm RNA methylation level in the control group was 1.02%, and the sperm RNA methylation level in the experimental group was 0.75%;

[0073] (4) Elimination and breeding life: The proportion of boars eliminated due to semen quality was 10.2% in the control group, while that in the experimental group was 3.4%. The breeding life of boars in the experimental group was extended by 1.2 months.

[0074] In summary, through the detailed description of the above two embodiments, it can be seen that the present invention solves the problem of the failure of the prior art to effectively regulate the level of sperm RNA methylation modification by scientifically optimizing the feed diet formula, and significantly improves the semen quality of aged boars. This technology not only has a significant application effect, but also has a wide range of promotion value, which is of great significance for improving the overall production level and economic benefits of the pig farming industry.

[0075] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars, characterized in that: The feed is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 8 to 10 parts of corn, 18 to 23 parts of red sorghum, 37 to 43 parts of hulled barley, 12 to 17 parts of bran, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of functional fiber, 7 to 9 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of fish oil or microalgae powder, 1.3 to 1.4 parts of stone powder, 1 to 1.2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 to 0.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of lysine, 0.1 to 0.15 parts of L-threonine, 0.1 to 0.15 parts of choline chloride, 1 to 1.5 parts of betaine and 0.5 to 1 parts of boar premix.

2. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 8.2-9 parts of corn, 20-22.2 parts of red sorghum, 37.3-40 parts of hulled barley, 14-16.1 parts of bran, 1.2-1.5 parts of functional fiber, 7-8 parts of soybean meal, 1.5-2.5 parts of fish oil or microalgae powder, 1.3-1.35 parts of stone powder, 1.1 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.45-0.46 parts of sodium chloride, 0.25 parts of lysine, 0.1-0.11 parts of L-threonine, 0.14 parts of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of betaine and 0.6 parts of boar premix.

3. The feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The functional fiber is any one of inulin and konjac glucomannan.

4. The feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feed consists of the following ingredients by weight: 9 parts of corn, 20 parts of red sorghum, 40 parts of hulled barley, 14 parts of bran, 1.2 parts of inulin, 8 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 parts of fish oil, 1.3 parts of stone powder, 1.1 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.45 parts of sodium chloride, 0.25 parts of lysine, 0.1 parts of L-threonine, 0.14 parts of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of betaine and 0.6 parts of boar premix.

5. The feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each kg of the boar premix comprises the following ingredients: 100-120 mg of iron, 10,000-12,000 IU of vitamin A, 2,000-2,500 IU of vitamin D3, 400-500 mg of vitamin E, 2-2.5 mg of vitamin K3, 2-2.5 mg of vitamin B1, 8-10 mg of vitamin B2, 4-6 mg of vitamin B6, 0.025-0.35 mg of vitamin B12, 40-50 mg of niacin, 20-30 mg of pantothenic acid, 4-6 mg of folic acid, 0.2-0.4 mg of biotin, 100-150 mg of copper, 150-200 mg of zinc, 50-70 mg of manganese, 0.5-0.8 mg of selenium and 1-1.5 mg of iodine, wherein the iron is provided in the form of hydroxymethionine iron.

6. The feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The effective content of the choline chloride is 50%, and the effective content of the betaine is 50%.

7. The feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The SID lysine level in every 100kg of feed is 0.55-0.62kg; the ratio of SID methionine to SID lysine is 0.27-0.

31.

8. A method for preparing the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) According to the above weight proportions, corn, red sorghum, barley, bran, functional fiber, soybean meal, fish oil or microalgae powder, stone powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, lysine, L-threonine, choline chloride, betaine and boar premix are weighed; (2) The weighed raw materials are mixed to obtain a feed for improving the semen quality of aged boars.

9. Use of the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for improving the quality of boar semen, characterized in that: The feed is used as daily diet to feed boars for 16 to 20 weeks; the daily feeding amount of the boars is 2.5 to 2.9 kg.

10. Use of the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for increasing the breeding life of boars.

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