Complex environment rock deterioration test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock degradation test device in a complex environment. Comprising a test chamber used for containing a sample and providing a test place; the functional part is connected with the test cabin and provides a simulation environment for the test cabin; a control module; the environment simulation module comprises a cooling simulation unit, a temperature and humidity simulation unit and a freeze thawing simulation unit; the cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit and the freeze thawing simulation unit share a functional part and are respectively connected with the control module; the detection modules are respectively arranged in the test cabin and are used for detecting the air tightness of the simulation environment, the temperature and humidity of the simulation environment, the air pressure and the sample dryness. The invention provides a rock degradation test device in a complex environment. The test device integrates the functions of a sample container, simulation environment providing, intelligent control, detection and the like. Rock degradation tests under different cooling, temperature and humidity and freezing and thawing modes are carried out through functional parts, so that diversified requirements of rock degradation research in a complex environment are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a complex environment rock degradation test device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, rock is a key basic material, and its performance is profoundly affected by the actual engineering environment. In various infrastructure construction scenarios, such as traffic tunnels, water conservancy dams, and high-rise building foundations, rocks are exposed to complex natural environments for a long time, and are subjected to the coupling effects of multiple environmental factors such as rainfall, dry-wet cycles, freeze-thaw cycles, and high temperatures. These factors overlap and synergistically affect each other, causing the physical and mechanical properties of rocks to gradually deteriorate, posing a potential threat to the stability and safety of engineering structures. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the degradation mechanism of rocks in complex environments is of great significance to ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of various geotechnical engineering projects. However, the current test methods and devices used to simulate complex rock environments have many limitations and are difficult to meet the needs of scientific research and engineering practice. Specifically, they are as follows:

[0003] 1. The functions of existing test devices are relatively single, and it is usually difficult to complete comprehensive tests in the same device. For example, in the freeze-thaw cycle test, the sample must first be saturated in a vacuum saturation device, and then manually transferred to the freeze-thaw cycle box; in the dry-wet cycle test, the sample must first be dried and dehydrated in a high-temperature oven, and then transferred to a bucket for saturation treatment. This multi-device operation mode not only greatly reduces the experimental efficiency, but also significantly increases the risk of sample contamination. At the same time, during the transfer of samples, the experimenters are at high risk of burns or frostbite due to frequent contact with high-temperature or low-temperature samples, which seriously threatens the personal safety of the experimenters.

[0004] 2. The cooling modes are limited and the simulation is not realistic enough. In the existing temperature cycle test, the cooling method mainly relies on natural cooling, that is, placing the high-temperature treated specimens in a room temperature environment for natural cooling. This method cannot simulate the rapid cooling process caused by rainfall or cold wind in a real environment. In actual engineering environments, such as mountain rocks in heavy rain or strong winds, the temperature will drop rapidly. However, the existing equipment lacks the choice of multiple cooling modes such as natural cooling, liquid cooling, and air cooling, resulting in a large difference between the test results and the actual environment. It is difficult to accurately reflect the degradation of rocks in a real environment, which limits the in-depth study of the rock degradation mechanism.

[0005] 3. The humidity simulation capability is insufficient, and it is difficult to restore the real humidity changes. The existing test equipment has obvious shortcomings in simulating complex humidity conditions and cannot accurately simulate complex environmental conditions such as high temperature and humidity, cold and humidity. In dry-wet cycle and freeze-thaw cycle tests, the specimens are usually fully saturated, but in the natural environment, most geotechnical materials are in an unsaturated state. The existing experimental scheme lacks dynamic control methods for environmental humidity, and it is difficult to truly restore the humidity change law in the natural environment, which makes the test results deviate from the actual situation and cannot provide a reliable reference for engineering practice.

[0006] 4. Low control accuracy and complex operation affect the reliability of the experiment. At present, most test devices rely on manual control of the equipment operation status. The operation process is cumbersome and prone to human errors, making it difficult to achieve high-precision test condition control. Due to the lack of an automated control system, the various test devices cannot be coordinated and linked, resulting in low experimental efficiency and greatly reduced reliability of the data obtained. For example, when controlling temperature and humidity at the same time, it is difficult to ensure accurate matching and stable control of the two through manual operation, which seriously affects the accurate study of the rock degradation process and restricts the development of related research in the field of geotechnical engineering.

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an integrated, efficient, and automatically controlled complex environment rock degradation test device that can simulate the degradation process of rocks under complex environmental conditions.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to develop an integrated, efficient, and automatically controlled complex environment rock degradation test device that can simulate the degradation process of rocks under complex environmental conditions. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present application provides a complex environment rock degradation test device for performing rock degradation tests in complex environments. The specific scheme is:

[0010] A complex environment rock degradation test device, the test device comprising:

[0011] The test chamber is used to hold samples and provide a test site;

[0012] Functional components, connected to the test chamber to provide a simulated environment for it;

[0013] Control module;

[0014] Environmental simulation module, including cooling simulation unit, temperature and humidity simulation unit and freeze-thaw simulation unit;

[0015] The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components, and respectively simulate degradation tests of the sample in different cooling modes, different temperature and humidity modes, and different freeze-thaw modes by means of the functional components. The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module and accept intelligent regulation of the control module;

[0016] The detection modules are respectively arranged in the test chamber, and are used to detect the air tightness of the simulated environment, the temperature and humidity of the simulated environment, the air pressure and the dryness of the sample.

[0017] Preferably, the functional components include a temperature simulation unit, a humidity simulation unit, a negative pressure unit and an airflow simulation unit;

[0018] The temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature simulation unit comprises a heater and a condenser;

[0020] The heater and the condenser are respectively located outside the test chamber and are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the controllers of the heater and the condenser are respectively connected to the control module.

[0021] Preferably, the airflow simulation unit includes a first fan located on one side of the sample rack, a second fan located below the sample rack, and a third fan located above the sample rack;

[0022] The first fan is located outside the test chamber, and an input end of the first fan is connected to the condenser;

[0023] The second fan and the third fan are respectively located inside the test chamber, the input end of the second fan is respectively connected to the output end of the first fan and the output end of the heater, and the output end of the second fan is connected to the third fan;

[0024] The output end of the third fan faces the sample;

[0025] The first fan, the second fan and the controller of the second fan are respectively connected to the control module.

[0026] Preferably, the humidity simulation unit comprises a water tank, a water pump and a plurality of sprinkler heads;

[0027] The water tank is located outside the sample holding container, and the water tank contains sample simulation liquid;

[0028] The spray head is installed inside the sample holding container and faces the sample, and the spray head is connected to the output end of the water pump;

[0029] The water pump is placed in the water tank, and a controller of the water pump is connected to the control module.

[0030] Preferably, the negative pressure unit comprises a vacuum pump;

[0031] The output end of the vacuum pump is connected to the spray head.

[0032] Preferably, the detection module includes a temperature and humidity detection unit, an air pressure detection unit, a liquid level detection unit and a sample dryness detection unit;

[0033] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively placed in the test chamber;

[0034] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively connected to the control module.

[0035] Preferably, the control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller;

[0036] The on-off control unit is respectively connected to the temperature simulation unit, the humidity simulation unit and the airflow simulation unit, and is used to control the on-off status of the temperature simulation unit, the humidity simulation unit and the airflow simulation unit. The on-off control unit is respectively connected to the controller.

[0037] Preferably, the bottom, side walls and top of the test chamber are respectively provided with ventilation holes and drainage holes, and a sample rack is provided in the test chamber;

[0038] The sample rack is provided with a gap between the inner wall of the test chamber and is installed in the test chamber.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0040] This application is highly integrated, integrating functions such as sample container, simulated environment, intelligent control and detection. The cooling, temperature and humidity, and freeze-thaw simulation units in the environmental simulation module share functional components, through which rock degradation tests under different cooling, temperature and humidity, and freeze-thaw modes are carried out, meeting the diversified needs of rock degradation research in complex environments, and realizing that one device can complete multiple environmental simulation tests, replacing the functions of multiple decentralized devices, and reducing the cost of laboratory equipment procurement and maintenance. It avoids the transfer of samples between multiple devices, reduces manual operation and equipment switching, improves test efficiency, reduces the risk of sample contamination, and has a compact structure, which is convenient for efficient use of laboratory space. The cooling simulation unit, temperature and humidity simulation unit, and freeze-thaw simulation unit in the environmental simulation module are all connected to the control module and intelligently controlled by it. The control module can accurately control the operation of each functional component to ensure the accuracy and stability of the simulated environmental parameters. Compared with the traditional manual control method, it reduces the errors caused by human factors, makes the test results more reliable, and provides strong support for studying the degradation laws of rocks in complex environments.

[0041] This application controls each on-off unit through the controller in the control module, performs intelligent control on each simulation unit, and accurately regulates the operation of functional components such as the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit to ensure that the simulated environmental parameters are highly accurate and stable. It can simulate a variety of cooling processes in the real environment and support three modes: natural cooling, liquid cooling, and air cooling. It can also accurately simulate complex temperature and humidity conditions and realize dynamic regulation of non-saturated conditions, high temperature and humidity, and cold and humidity environments, so that the test results are closer to the actual situation and provide strong support for studying the degradation laws of rocks in complex environments.

[0042] The detection module in this application monitors the key parameters of the simulated environment in real time, such as air tightness, temperature and humidity, air pressure, and sample dryness. This can not only detect abnormal environmental parameters in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of the test, but also provide detailed and accurate data for analyzing the rock degradation process, greatly improving the credibility and scientificity of the test results.

[0043] The controller in the control module of this application uses PLC programming to achieve automatic control, simplify the operation process, reduce manual operation errors, and reduce the uncertainty of test condition control. At the same time, it reduces the direct contact between the experimenter and the high-temperature or low-temperature specimens and improves the safety of the experiment. The entire test process is more efficient, safe, and reliable, which promotes the research and development in the field of geotechnical engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A front view of a complex environment rock degradation test device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A rear view of a complex environment rock degradation test device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A rear view schematic diagram of the structure of a complex environment rock degradation test device of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure: 101, test chamber; 102, water tank; 103, water pump; 104, sprinkler head; 105, vacuum pump; 106, condenser; 107, heater; 108, T-joint; 109, sample rack; 110, sample; 111, PLC controller; 201, first solenoid valve; 202, second solenoid valve; 203, third solenoid valve; 204, fourth solenoid valve; 205, fifth solenoid valve; 206, sixth solenoid valve; 207, seventh solenoid valve; 301, bottom vent; 302, top vent; 303, bottom drain hole; 401, first fan; 402, second Fan; 403, the third fan; 501, the first water pipe; 502, the vacuum tube; 503, the first ventilation duct; 504, the second ventilation duct; 505, the third ventilation duct; 506, the fourth ventilation duct; 507, the fifth ventilation duct; 508, the sixth ventilation duct; 509, the seventh ventilation duct; 510, the eighth ventilation duct; 511, the ninth ventilation duct; 512, the tenth ventilation duct; 513, the eleventh ventilation duct; 514, the twelfth ventilation duct; 601, the temperature and humidity sensor; 602, the first liquid level sensor; 603, the second liquid level sensor; 604, the air pressure sensor; 605, the ultrasonic transducer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] A complex environment rock degradation test device comprises: a test chamber, a functional module, a control module, an environmental simulation module and a detection module.

[0049] The test cabin is a box-shaped structure, and a sample rack is installed in the test cabin. The top of the test cabin is an openable cover plate, so that the sample can be placed on the sample rack in the test cabin. The test cabin has a sealing function to prevent gas or liquid leakage; the cover plate of the test cabin is provided with a top vent, the bottom plate of the test cabin is provided with a bottom vent, and the side plate of the test cabin is provided with a side vent; the top vent, the bottom vent and the side vent allow the airflow provided by the functional components to flow in or out, so as to realize the circulation of air in the test cabin; the bottom of the test cabin is provided with a drainage hole to facilitate the recovery of liquid in the test cabin.

[0050] In the present application, the functional components include a temperature simulation unit, a humidity simulation unit, a negative pressure unit, and an airflow simulation unit;

[0051] The temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module controls the functional components to provide a simulated environment.

[0052] In the present application, the environmental simulation module includes a cooling simulation unit, a temperature and humidity simulation unit, and a freeze-thaw simulation unit;

[0053] The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components, and respectively simulate degradation tests of the samples under different cooling modes, different temperature and humidity modes, and different freeze-thaw modes through the shared functional components; the cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module.

[0054] The cooling simulation unit adjusts the temperature and humidity in the test chamber through the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, and adjusts the airflow in the test chamber through the airflow simulation unit to simulate different wind speeds. By adjusting the temperature, humidity, and airflow in the test chamber, degradation tests of the samples under various cooling modes can be performed.

[0055] The temperature and humidity simulation unit adjusts the temperature and humidity in the test chamber through the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, and performs degradation tests on samples under different temperature and humidity modes.

[0056] The freeze-thaw simulation unit adjusts the temperature and humidity in the test chamber through the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, and adjusts the airflow size in the test chamber through the airflow simulation unit, so as to perform freeze-thaw tests on samples under different conditions.

[0057] In the present application, the temperature simulation unit includes a heater and a condenser;

[0058] The heater and the condenser are respectively located outside the test chamber and are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the controllers of the heater and the condenser are respectively connected to the controller in the control module.

[0059] In the present application, the airflow simulation unit includes a first fan located on one side of the sample rack, a second fan located below the sample rack, and a third fan located above the sample rack;

[0060] The first fan is located outside the test chamber, and an input end of the first fan is connected to the condenser;

[0061] The second fan and the third fan are respectively located inside the test chamber, the input end of the second fan is respectively connected to the output end of the first fan and the output end of the heater, and the output end of the second fan is connected to the third fan;

[0062] The output end of the third fan faces the sample;

[0063] The first fan, the second fan and the controller of the second fan are respectively connected to the control module.

[0064] In the present application, the humidity simulation unit includes a water tank, a water pump, and a plurality of sprinkler heads;

[0065] The water tank is located outside the sample holding container, and the water tank contains sample simulation liquid; wherein the simulation liquid can be any one of water, NaCl solution, and acid solution;

[0066] The spray head is installed inside the sample holding container and faces the sample, and the spray head is connected to the output end of the water pump;

[0067] The water pump is placed in the water tank, and the controller of the water pump controls the controller in the module. The water pump is a flow-adjustable water pump, which delivers liquid to the spray head according to the required flow rate. The spray head is arranged at multiple angles in the test chamber to evenly spray the liquid onto the sample, or to facilitate the vacuum pump to extract the air in the test chamber to form a negative pressure environment in the test chamber.

[0068] In the present application, the detection module includes a temperature and humidity detection unit, an air pressure detection unit, a liquid level detection unit, and a sample dryness detection unit;

[0069] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively placed in the test chamber;

[0070] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively connected to the controller in the control module. The temperature and humidity detection unit is a temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure detection unit is an air pressure sensor, and the sample dryness detection unit is an ultrasonic transducer.

[0071] In the present application, the control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller;

[0072] The control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller;

[0073] The on-off control unit is respectively connected to the temperature simulation unit, the humidity simulation unit and the airflow simulation unit, and is used to control the on-off status of the temperature simulation unit, the humidity simulation unit and the airflow simulation unit. The on-off control unit is respectively connected to the controller.

[0074] In the present application, the on-off control unit is a solenoid valve, which includes a first solenoid valve 201 arranged at the output end of the water pump, a second solenoid valve 202 arranged at the output end of the vacuum pump, a third solenoid valve 203 arranged between the bottom vent and the condenser 106, a fourth solenoid valve 204 arranged between the top vent and the heater 107, a fifth solenoid valve 205 arranged between the bottom vent and the second fan 402, a sixth solenoid valve 206 arranged between the third fan 403 and the second fan 402, and a seventh solenoid valve 207 arranged between the drain hole and the bottom drain hole. The second fan 402 is a reversible fan, and the controller is a PLC controller. The first solenoid valve 201, the second solenoid valve 202, the third solenoid valve 203, the fourth solenoid valve 204, the fifth solenoid valve 205, the sixth solenoid valve 206 and the seventh solenoid valve 207 are connected to the PLC controller respectively. The on-off of the solenoid valve is controlled by the PLC controller, and the direction of air or liquid flow is ensured by the set solenoid valve to prevent backflow. The operation of the vacuum pump 105, the first fan 401, the second fan 402, the third fan 403, the heater 107, the condenser 106, the water pump 103, the solenoid valve and other equipment is coordinated through the PLC controller.

[0075] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] Example

[0077] See also Figure 1-3 , this embodiment provides a complex environment rock degradation test device.

[0078] In this embodiment, the sample 110 is a rock sample; the test chamber 101 is a box-shaped structure, and a sample rack 109 is installed inside the test chamber 101, and the sample rack 109 is composed of a mesh structure and supporting legs; the cover on the top of the test chamber 101 can be opened, so that the sample 110 can be placed on the sample rack 109 or taken out; ventilation holes are respectively provided at the bottom of the left front side, the top of the right rear side, and the bottom of the right rear side of the test chamber 101, and a bottom drainage hole 303 is provided at the bottom of the test chamber 101.

[0079] In this embodiment, the liquid contained in the water tank 102 in the humidity simulation unit is water, and the water tank 102 is fixed to the side of the top of the test chamber 101, and the top of the water tank 102 is designed to be open. The water pump 103 is placed in the water tank 102; the spray head 104 is fixed to the inner side of the cover on the top of the test chamber 101, located above the sample rack 109, and the output port of the spray head 104 faces the sample 110, and the input end of the spray head 104 is installed with a T-type connector; one end of the T-type connector is connected to the output end of the water pump 103 through the first water pipe 501, and the other end of the T-type connector is connected to the vacuum pump 105 through the vacuum pipe 502; the first solenoid valve 201 is installed at the connection between the first water pipe 501 and the T-type connector; the second solenoid valve 202 is installed at the connection between the vacuum pipe 502 and the T-type connector.

[0080] In this embodiment, the heater 107 in the temperature simulation unit is located on the left side of the sample rack 109 and installed in the test chamber 101; the condenser 106 and the first fan 401 are located on the right side of the sample rack 109 and installed outside the test chamber 101; the second fan 402 is located below the sample rack 109 and installed in the test chamber 101;

[0081] The condenser 106 is connected to the third solenoid valve 203 through the second ventilation pipe 504, the first fan 401 is connected to the condenser 106 through the third ventilation pipe 505, and the first fan 401 is connected to the second fan 402 (i.e., a reverse fan) through the fourth ventilation pipe 506, the second fan 402 is connected to the heater 107 through the fifth ventilation pipe 507, and the heater 107 is connected to the fourth solenoid valve 204 through the sixth ventilation pipe 508; the fifth solenoid valve 205 is connected to the first ventilation pipe 503 through the eighth ventilation pipe 510, and the fifth solenoid valve 205 is connected to the fourth ventilation pipe 506 through the ninth ventilation pipe 511; the sixth solenoid valve 206 is connected to the fifth ventilation pipe 507 through the tenth ventilation pipe 512; the sixth solenoid valve 206 is connected to the third fan 403 through the eleventh ventilation pipe 513, the third fan 403 is connected to the seventh ventilation pipe 509 through the twelfth ventilation pipe 514, and the seventh solenoid valve 207 is connected to the bottom drainage hole 303. In this embodiment, the cooling air of the condenser 106 is to a set temperature (e.g., -20°C). The heater 107 is a resistance wire heater, which heats the air through the resistance wire. In this embodiment, the heater 107 is connected to the second fan 402 through the fifth ventilation pipe 507, and the second fan 402 promotes the flow, so that the hot air enters the test chamber 101 for circulation. The condenser 106 is connected to the first fan 401 through the third air duct 505, and the first fan 401 promotes the flow of cold air, so that the hot air enters the test chamber 101 for circulation.

[0082] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity sensor 601 is located on the side wall where the bottom vent of the test chamber 101 is located, and its height is flush with the center line of the height direction of the sample 110. The liquid level detection unit includes a first liquid level sensor 602 and a second liquid level sensor 603. The first liquid level sensor 602 is located on the side wall where the bottom vent 301 is located, and its height is higher than the top of the sample. The second liquid level sensor 603 is located 5 cm above the first liquid level sensor 602. The air pressure sensor 604 is installed on the side wall where the top vent 302 of the test chamber 101 is located, and its position is higher than the second liquid level sensor 603. The ultrasonic transducer 605 is located on both sides of the sample 110.

[0083] The water pump 103, the first solenoid valve 201, the second solenoid valve 202, the third solenoid valve 203, the fourth solenoid valve 204, the fifth solenoid valve 205, the sixth solenoid valve 206, the seventh solenoid valve 207, the condenser 106, the heater 107, the temperature and humidity sensor 601, the air pressure sensor 604, the first liquid level sensor 602, the second liquid level sensor 603 and the ultrasonic transducer 605 are connected to the PLC controller through cables, and the opening and closing of each functional component is automatically controlled by the PLC controller.

[0084] In this embodiment, the freeze-thaw test is exemplified by a dry-wet cycle test considering the sample saturation and a freeze-thaw test considering the saturation, specifically:

[0085] Ⅰ. Dry-wet cycle test considering sample saturation

[0086] ① Open the lid on the top of the test chamber 101 , place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109 , install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample 110 , and close the lid on the top of the test chamber 101 .

[0087] ②Record the data of air pressure sensor 604 as P 1 , close the remaining solenoid valves, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop in the sample box through the pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P 0 e -λt , (in the formula, P 0 is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, and t is the time). If the air pressure can drop to 100Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good. The vacuum pump 105 and the second solenoid valve 202 are turned off, and the seventh solenoid valve 207 is opened. The air pressure in the test chamber 101 is monitored by the air pressure sensor 604 to restore to the normal pressure state P 1 , close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0088] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample, monitor the sample box temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 to maintain it at 105℃~110℃, turn off the heater 107 when the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn on the heater 107 when the temperature is lower than the lower limit, and dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, it is considered that the sample has reached a dry state. After keeping it for 24 hours, record the sound velocity value V d1 , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and close the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence.

[0089] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, inject water into the water tank through the sprinkler head 104, monitor the water level through the second liquid level sensor 603 to submerge the sample 110, then turn off the water pump 103 and close the first solenoid valve 201.

[0090] ⑤ Open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and quickly absorb water from the sample. When the first liquid level sensor 602 in the sample box detects that the liquid level is insufficient, close the vacuum pump 105, close the second solenoid valve 202, open the first solenoid valve 201, start the water pump 103, and inject water into the test chamber 101 to the second liquid level sensor 603. Close the water pump 103 and the first solenoid valve 201, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and continue the sample water absorption operation. Monitor the sample water absorption wave velocity value V through the ultrasonic transducer 605 ω1 , monitor the water temperature value t through the temperature and humidity sensor 601 i .

[0091] ⑥ When When the sample saturation reaches S r , (where V i is the propagation speed of ultrasound in liquid, V is taken in water i =1482+1.5(t i -20) m / s), close the vacuum pump 105, close the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, and discharge the liquid in the test chamber 101, which is recorded as one dry-wet cycle.

[0092] ⑦ Repeat steps ② to ⑥ for multiple dry-wet cycles, and record the drying wave velocity of the nth cycle as V dn , the water absorption wave velocity value is V ωn , then at this saturation, the rock damage degree

[0093] ⑧ The liquid in the water tank 102 can be set to water, NaCl solution, acid solution, etc. according to the simulation environment, and the saturation S r It can also be set according to the actual environment.

[0094] II. Freeze-thaw test considering saturation

[0095] ① Open the lid on the top of the test chamber 101 , place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109 , install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample, and close the lid on the top of the test chamber 101 .

[0096] ②Record the data of air pressure sensor 604 as P 1 , close all electromagnetic valves, open the second electromagnetic valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P 0 e -λt , (in the formula, P 0 = is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, t is the time), the air pressure can be reduced to 100Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good, the vacuum pump 105 and the second electromagnetic valve 202 are turned off, the seventh electromagnetic valve 207 is opened, and the air pressure of the sample box is monitored by the air pressure sensor 604 to restore to the normal pressure state P 1 , close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0097] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample 110, monitor the sample box temperature at 105-110°C through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, turn off the heater 107 when the temperature exceeds the upper limit, and turn on the heater 107 when the temperature is lower than the lower limit, and dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, it is considered that the sample 110 has reached a dry state, and record the sound velocity value V d , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and close the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence.

[0098] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, inject water into the water tank through the sprinkler head 104, monitor the water level through the second liquid level sensor 603 to submerge the sample, then turn off the water pump 103 and close the first solenoid valve 201.

[0099] ⑤ Open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and quickly absorb water from the sample. When the first liquid level sensor 602 in the sample box detects that the liquid level is insufficient, close the vacuum pump 105, close the second solenoid valve 202, open the first solenoid valve 201, start the water pump 103, and fill the sample box with water to the second liquid level sensor 603. Close the water pump 103, close the first solenoid valve 201, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and continue the sample absorption operation. Monitor the sample absorption wave velocity value V through the ultrasonic transducer 605 ω1 , monitor the water temperature value T through the temperature and humidity sensor i .

[0100] ⑥ When When the sample saturation reaches S r , (where V i is the propagation speed of ultrasound in liquid, V in water l =1482+1.5(T l -20) m / s), turn off the vacuum pump 105, close the second electromagnetic valve 202, open the seventh electromagnetic valve 207, discharge the liquid in the sample box, and close the seventh electromagnetic valve 207.

[0101] ⑦ Open the third solenoid valve 203 and the sixth solenoid valve 206 in sequence, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 to the direction from the top vent 302 to the bottom vent 301, freeze the sample 110 at low temperature, monitor the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, and control the temperature to -20±2℃. When the temperature is lower than the limit, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403; when the temperature is higher than the limit, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, keep it for 4 hours, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403.

[0102] ⑧ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample, and perform the melting process. Monitor the sample box temperature at 20±2°C through the temperature and humidity sensor 601. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn off the heater 107. If the temperature is lower than the lower limit, turn on the heater 107 and keep it for 4 hours. Dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605 and record the sound velocity value V m , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and turn off the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence. This is the rock sample at saturation S rA freeze-thaw test.

[0103] ⑨ Repeat steps ④ to ⑧ to conduct multiple freeze-thaw tests, and record the wave velocity value measured by the melting of the nth test as V mn , then the rock sample at this saturation, the damage degree

[0104] ⑧The liquid in the water tank can be set to water, NaCl solution, acid solution, etc. according to the simulation environment. The saturation S r It can also be set according to the actual environment.

[0105] In this embodiment, the rock degradation test under different cooling modes is specifically as follows:

[0106] III. Experiments on high-temperature rock degradation under various cooling modes

[0107] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 in the circumferential direction of the sample, and close the top cover of the test chamber 101.

[0108] ②Record the data of air pressure sensor 604 as P 1 , record the room temperature T in the test chamber a , close all electromagnetic valves, open the second electromagnetic valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P 0 e -λt , (in the formula, P 0 = is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, t is the time), the air pressure can be reduced to 100Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good, the vacuum pump 105 and the second electromagnetic valve 202 are turned off, the seventh electromagnetic valve 207 is opened, and the air pressure of the sample box is monitored by the air pressure sensor 604 to restore to the normal pressure state P 1 , close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0109] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample, monitor the sample box temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 to maintain it at 105-110°C, turn off the heater 107 when the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn on the heater 107 when the temperature is lower than the lower limit, and dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, it is considered that the sample has reached a dry state. After keeping it for 24 hours, record the sound velocity value V d , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and close the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence.

[0110] ④ Carry out warm water cooling, add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, inject water into the water tank through the sprinkler head 104, monitor the water level through the second liquid level sensor 603 to submerge the sample, then turn off the water pump 103, close the first solenoid valve 201, record the water temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, open the seventh solenoid valve 207 after 20 minutes, drain the water, repeat this step process, add water to the test box, record the water temperature, and drain the water after 20 minutes until the water temperature is equal to the room temperature T a , stop the test, and record the wave velocity value of the sample 110 as V through the ultrasonic transducer 605 1 , the degree of rock degradation caused by warm water cooling

[0111] ⑤ After repeating the above steps ① to ③, carry out cold air cooling, open the third solenoid valve 203 and the sixth solenoid valve 206 in sequence, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the top vent 302 to the bottom vent 301, monitor the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, and control the temperature at T a ±5℃, when the temperature is lower than the limit, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, when the temperature is higher than the limit, turn on the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, and record the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 until the temperature in the sample box no longer rises, and keep T a The test is stopped, and the wave velocity value of the sample 110 is recorded as V by the ultrasonic transducer 605. 2 , the degree of rock degradation caused by cooling

[0112] ⑥ After repeating the above steps ① to ③, the temperature is naturally lowered, and the temperature in the sample box is recorded by the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 until the temperature in the sample box no longer rises, and T is maintained. a The test is stopped, and the wave velocity value of the sample 110 is recorded as V by the ultrasonic transducer 605. 3 , the degree of rock degradation caused by natural cooling

[0113] IV. Rock degradation test under hot and humid environment

[0114] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 in the circumferential direction of the sample, and close the top cover of the test chamber 101.

[0115] ②Record the data of air pressure sensor 604 as P 1, the homogeneous ultrasonic transducer 605 records the rock wave velocity V 0 , close all electromagnetic valves, open the second electromagnetic valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P 0 e -λt , (in the formula, P 0 = is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, t is the time), the air pressure can be reduced to 100Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good, the vacuum pump 105 and the second electromagnetic valve 202 are turned off, the seventh electromagnetic valve 207 is opened, and the air pressure of the sample box is monitored by the air pressure sensor 604 to restore to the normal pressure state P 1 , close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0116] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107 to dry and heat the sample, and monitor the sample box temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 to maintain it at T 1 If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, the heater 107 is turned off; if the temperature is lower than the lower limit, the heater 107 is turned on.

[0117] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and spray water into the sample box through the spray head 104 to increase the humidity in the sample box. The humidity in the sample box is monitored by the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 and maintained at H 1 ±2%. If the humidity is lower than the upper limit, the first solenoid valve 201 is opened, and the water pump 103 is turned on to increase the humidity. If the humidity exceeds the upper limit, the seventh solenoid valve 207 is opened to discharge the moisture.

[0118] ⑤ Maintain the specified temperature and humidity for 24 hours, dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605, and record the sound velocity value V TH1 , which is the temperature T 1 , humidity H 1 Rock degradation experiment under the condition of

[0119] ⑥ Temperature and humidity can be changed to conduct multiple tests

[0120] Ⅴ. Rock degradation test in wet and cold environment

[0121] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 in the circumferential direction of the sample, and close the top cover of the test chamber 101.

[0122] ②Record the data of air pressure sensor 604 as P 1, the homogeneous ultrasonic transducer 605 records the rock wave velocity V 0 , close all electromagnetic valves, open the second electromagnetic valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P 0 e -λt , (in the formula, P 0 = is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, t is the time), the air pressure can be reduced to 100Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good, the vacuum pump 105 and the second electromagnetic valve 202 are turned off, the seventh electromagnetic valve 207 is opened, and the air pressure of the sample box is monitored by the air pressure sensor 604 to restore to the normal pressure state P 1 , close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0123] ③ Open the third solenoid valve 203 and the sixth solenoid valve 206 in sequence, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the top vent 302 to the bottom vent 301, monitor the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, and control the temperature at T 2 ±2℃, when the temperature is lower than the limit, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403; when the temperature is higher than the limit, turn on the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403.

[0124] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and spray water into the sample box through the spray head 104 to increase the humidity in the sample box. The humidity in the sample box is monitored by the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 and maintained at H 1 ±2%. If the humidity is lower than the upper limit, the first solenoid valve 201 is opened, and the water pump 103 is turned on to increase the humidity. If the humidity exceeds the upper limit, the seventh solenoid valve 207 is opened to discharge the moisture.

[0125] ⑤ Maintain the specified temperature and humidity for 24 hours, dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605, and record the sound velocity value V TH1 , which is the temperature T 1 , humidity H 1 Rock degradation experiment under the condition of

[0126] In this embodiment, by adjusting various parameters in the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit in the functional components, the cooling simulation unit can perform "high-temperature rock degradation test under multiple cooling modes"; the temperature and humidity simulation unit can perform "rock degradation test under hot and humid environment" and "rock degradation test under cold and humid environment", and the freeze-thaw simulation unit can perform "dry-wet cycle experiment considering sample saturation" and "freeze-thaw experiment considering saturation", so as to integrate multiple test functions such as dry-wet cycle, freeze-thaw cycle, high-temperature and low-temperature environment simulation, avoid sample transfer between multiple devices, reduce manual operation and equipment switching, reduce sample contamination risk, and improve experimental efficiency. In the process of simulating the cooling of the real environment, three cooling modes of natural cooling, liquid cooling and air cooling are supported, which can simulate multiple cooling conditions in the real environment. Compared with the existing single natural cooling method, it expands the application scenarios of environmental simulation and makes the experimental results more realistic. And it can accurately simulate complex environmental temperature and humidity: integrating temperature and humidity sensors and automatic control devices to realize real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of temperature and humidity in the test chamber, accurately simulating complex environmental conditions such as unsaturated state, high temperature and humidity, cold and humidity, etc., to make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0127] A complex environment rock degradation test device provided in this embodiment integrates vacuum saturation, cold and warm air circulation, spraying, freeze-thaw cycle, and dry-wet cycle functions to improve test efficiency. At the same time, different functions can be dynamically switched (such as dry-wet freeze-thaw cycle of unsaturated rock samples) to meet the needs of complex environment simulation experiments.

[0128] In this embodiment, both the cold and warm air and the liquid adopt a closed-loop circulation system to reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency.

[0129] The device uses a PLC program design controller to realize the automatic control of modules such as water pumps, solenoid valves, fans, vacuum pumps, condensers and heaters, and realizes full automatic control of each functional component through the PLC controller and solenoid valves, which not only simplifies the operation process, but also significantly improves the control accuracy of the test conditions and reduces the errors caused by manual operation. The automation system reduces the risk of direct contact between experimental personnel and high-temperature or low-temperature samples, and improves the safety of the experimental process.

[0130] This device can complete multiple environmental simulation tests in one device, replacing the functions of multiple scattered devices, significantly reducing the cost of laboratory equipment procurement and maintenance. The device has a compact structure and is convenient for efficient use of laboratory space.

[0131] At the same time, the device provided in this application can be extended to environmental degradation tests of geotechnical materials and other durability research samples (such as concrete, stone, etc.), and has a wide range of applicability. It can realize the comprehensive simulation of various environmental conditions, providing important technical support for the research and development of geotechnical materials and engineering design. Specifically: The device described in this application can be used to study the degradation of rocks, concrete, soil, etc. in complex environments such as freeze-thaw, dry-wet cycles, etc., and can be used for environmental adaptability tests of engineering materials such as bridges, tunnels, and roads in engineering simulation experiments, as well as environmental simulation experiments in colleges and universities and research institutions.

[0132] This application not only improves the experimental efficiency, but also expands the scope of application of environmental degradation simulation through multifunctional integrated design, closed-loop efficient operation and automated control, providing a reliable experimental means for material performance research.

Claims

1. A complex environment rock degradation test device, characterized in that: The test device comprises: The test chamber is used to hold samples and provide a test site; Functional components, connected to the test chamber to provide a simulated environment for it; Control module; Environmental simulation module, including cooling simulation unit, temperature and humidity simulation unit and freeze-thaw simulation unit; The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components, and respectively simulate degradation tests of the sample in different cooling modes, different temperature and humidity modes, and different freeze-thaw modes by means of the functional components. The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module and accept intelligent regulation of the control module; The detection modules are respectively arranged in the test chamber, and are used to detect the air tightness of the simulated environment, the temperature and humidity of the simulated environment, the air pressure and the dryness of the sample.

2. A complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional components include a temperature simulation unit, a humidity simulation unit, a negative pressure unit and an airflow simulation unit; The temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module.

3. A complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature simulation unit includes a heater and a condenser; The heater and the condenser are respectively located outside the test chamber and are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the controllers of the heater and the condenser are respectively connected to the control module.

4. A complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airflow simulation unit includes a first fan located at one side of the sample rack, a second fan located below the sample rack, and a third fan located above the sample rack; The first fan is located outside the test chamber, and an input end of the first fan is connected to the condenser; The second fan and the third fan are respectively located inside the test chamber, the input end of the second fan is respectively connected to the output end of the first fan and the output end of the heater, and the output end of the second fan is connected to the third fan; The output end of the third fan faces the sample; The first fan, the second fan and the controller of the second fan are respectively connected to the control module.

5. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The humidity simulation unit includes a water tank, a water pump and a plurality of sprinkler heads; The water tank is located outside the sample holding container, and the water tank contains sample simulation liquid; The spray head is installed inside the sample holding container and faces the sample, and the spray head is connected to the output end of the water pump; The water pump is placed in the water tank, and a controller of the water pump is connected to the control module.

6. A complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure unit includes a vacuum pump; The output end of the vacuum pump is connected to the spray head.

7. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The detection module includes a temperature and humidity detection unit, an air pressure detection unit, a liquid level detection unit and a sample dryness detection unit; The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively placed in the test chamber; The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively connected to the control module.

8. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller; The on-off control unit is respectively connected to the temperature simulation unit, the humidity simulation unit and the airflow simulation unit, and is used to control the on-off status of the temperature simulation unit, the humidity simulation unit and the airflow simulation unit. The on-off control unit is respectively connected to the controller.

9. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom, side wall and top of the test chamber are respectively provided with ventilation holes and drainage holes, and a sample rack is arranged in the test chamber; The sample rack is provided with a gap between the inner wall of the test chamber and is installed in the test chamber.

Images