Transformer fault detection method and device, transformer and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer fault detection method and device, a transformer and a storage medium. The transformer fault detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of dissolved gas in transformer oil, and determining a target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration; and determining a decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and determining a current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area. According to the method, the dissolved gas in the transformer oil is effectively identified and quantified, the method is suitable for low-cost online fault detection of the transformer, and the accuracy of fault detection and identification of the transformer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and in particular to a transformer fault detection method, device, transformer and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Power transformers are one of the important components of the power system. Their safe and stable operation ensures the reliability and stability of power supply. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the operating status of the transformer to prevent major economic losses or even safety accidents.

[0003] At present, most large transformers in power systems use oil-immersed transformers. During the operation of the transformer, due to overheating, discharge, oxidation, etc., fault characteristic gases will be generated in the transformer oil. Different fault types will produce characteristic gases of different proportions and types. The generation and change of these fault characteristic gases can provide important information for transformer fault diagnosis. By detecting the gas composition and content in the transformer oil, it is possible to determine whether there is a fault inside the transformer, as well as the type and severity of the fault. However, the current analytical methods for detecting the gas composition and content in transformer oil still have the problems of relatively complex operation, high cost, and inability to guarantee the accuracy and precision of the measurement results. In addition, there are differences between the quantitative analysis sensor responses for low-concentration gas mixtures, and thus it is impossible to accurately know whether there is a fault inside the transformer and the type and severity of the fault. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a transformer fault detection method, device, transformer and storage medium to solve the problem that it is currently impossible to accurately detect the gas composition and content in transformer oil, and thus it is impossible to accurately know whether there is a fault inside the transformer and the type and severity of the fault.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a transformer fault detection method is provided, the transformer fault detection method comprising:

[0006] Obtaining hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of dissolved gas in transformer oil, and determining a target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration;

[0007] The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and the current transformer fault of the transformer is determined according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area.

[0008] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area or a pentagonal transformer fault area;

[0009] Determining a target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration includes:

[0010] Determining the acetylene concentration percentage of acetylene gas in the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration;

[0011] If the acetylene concentration percentage is less than the acetylene reference threshold, determining that the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is the quadrilateral transformer fault area;

[0012] If the acetylene concentration percentage is greater than or equal to the acetylene reference threshold, it is determined that the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is the pentagonal transformer fault area.

[0013] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area, and the four vertices of the quadrilateral defined in a clockwise direction are respectively the hydrogen concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane concentration percentage corresponding to the methane gas concentration, the ethylene concentration percentage corresponding to the ethylene gas concentration, and the ethane concentration percentage corresponding to the ethane gas concentration, and the quadrilateral transformer fault area is divided into a first partial discharge fault area, a low temperature fault area, a first medium temperature fault area, and a first high temperature fault area based on the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane concentration percentage, the ethylene concentration percentage, and the ethane concentration percentage;

[0014] The target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area, and the five vertices of the pentagon defined in the pentagonal transformer fault area in a clockwise direction are respectively the ethane concentration percentage, the acetylene concentration percentage, the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane gas percentage and the ethylene concentration percentage. Based on the ethane concentration percentage, the acetylene concentration percentage, the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane gas percentage and the ethylene concentration percentage, the pentagonal transformer fault area is divided into a second partial discharge fault area, a second medium temperature fault area, a second high temperature fault area, a low energy discharge fault area and a high energy discharge fault area.

[0015] Optionally, determining a current transformer fault of a transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area includes:

[0016] If the decision coordinate value is located in the first partial discharge fault area, the low temperature fault area, the first medium temperature fault area or the first high temperature fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a low temperature fault, a medium temperature fault or a high temperature fault;

[0017] If the decision coordinate value is located in the second partial discharge fault area, the second medium temperature fault area, the second high temperature fault area, the low energy discharge fault area or the high energy discharge fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a medium temperature fault, a high temperature fault, a low energy discharge fault or a high energy discharge fault.

[0018] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area;

[0019] Determining the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, and the ethane gas concentration includes:

[0020] The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula, specifically:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] Where n is 4; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the quadrilateral transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration or the ethane gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration and the ethane gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration or the ethane gas concentration.

[0024] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area;

[0025] Determining the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration, and the acetylene gas concentration includes:

[0026] The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula, specifically:

[0027]

[0028] Where n is 5; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the pentagonal transformer fault area; (x m ,ym ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration or the acetylene gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration or the acetylene gas concentration.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, a transformer fault detection device is provided, the transformer fault detection device comprising:

[0030] A fault area determination module, used to obtain the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, and determine the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration;

[0031] A fault detection module is used to determine the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and determine the current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, a transformer is provided, the transformer comprising a single-chamber vacuum degassing module and a gas measurement chamber, the single-chamber vacuum degassing module sending the generated dissolved gas in transformer oil into the gas measurement chamber;

[0033] The transformer also includes:

[0034] at least one processor; and,

[0035] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0036] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the transformer fault detection method described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Optionally, the gas measurement chamber includes a MEMS sensor array, and the MEMS sensor array includes 4 metal oxide sensors, a single electrochemical sensor, and a single photoionization sensor.

[0038] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the transformer fault detection method described in any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0039] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention obtains the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, and determines the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration; determines the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and determines the current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area. The present invention solves the problem that the gas composition and content in the transformer oil cannot be accurately detected at present, and thus the problem that whether there is a fault inside the transformer and the type and severity of the fault cannot be accurately known, realizes the effective identification and quantification of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, is suitable for low-cost online fault detection of transformers, and improves the accuracy of transformer fault detection and identification.

[0040] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a transformer fault detection method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a graphical structure division of a quadrilateral transformer fault area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a graphical structure division of a pentagonal transformer fault area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a transformer fault detection device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of a single-chamber vacuum degassing module and a gas measurement chamber in a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer for implementing the transformer fault detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0050] Figure 1 A flowchart of a transformer fault detection method is provided for an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to the case where the dissolved gas in transformer oil is detected online, and then the transformer fault is accurately detected. The transformer fault detection method can be executed by a transformer fault detection device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The transformer fault detection device can be configured in a transformer based on a MEMS gas sensor array. Figure 1 As shown, the transformer fault detection method includes:

[0051] S110, obtaining the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, and determining the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration.

[0052] Among them, the dissolved gases in transformer oil include hydrogen, methane, ethylene, acetylene, ethane, etc. These gases are produced by the gradual aging and decomposition of transformer oil under the action of heat and electricity. Most of them are dissolved in the oil. When the transformer has latent overheating or discharge fault, the generation rate of these gases will accelerate.

[0053] Specifically, hydrogen may be generated due to aging of insulating materials or arcing. When the concentration of hydrogen in the oil exceeds a certain value, it may cause partial discharge inside the transformer and damage the insulating material. Methane may be the most common gas in transformer oil, mainly derived from the decomposition products of oil products in transformer oil. Ethylene, acetylene and other gases may also be generated when the transformer fails, and their presence and concentration changes can provide a basis for judging the type and severity of the transformer fault. Therefore, monitoring and analysis of dissolved gas in transformer oil is an important means to timely discover latent faults inside the transformer and ensure the safe operation of the transformer.

[0054] According to IEC60599 and IEEEC57.104 standards, transformer internal faults can be divided into electrical faults and thermal faults. Electrical faults include partial discharge (PD) faults, low energy discharge (LED) faults and high energy discharge (HED) faults. Thermal faults are divided into low temperature (LT) faults, medium temperature (MT) faults and high temperature (HT) faults. According to the temperature range, they are divided into low temperature faults corresponding to TLT < 300 ° C, 300 ° C < medium temperature faults corresponding to TMT < 700 ° C and high temperature faults THT > 700 ° C. Since the minimum temperature required to form a small amount of acetylene is between 500 ° C and 700 ° C, in the case of low temperature faults, the value of acetylene is small enough to be ignored. Therefore, in this embodiment, the concentration percentage of dissolved gas in transformer oil is determined according to the concentration of acetylene gas, and the transformer fault detection is divided into two detection areas, that is, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area or a pentagonal transformer fault area. In the quadrilateral transformer fault area, low thermal faults can be evaluated by four gases except acetylene, and in the pentagonal transformer fault area, all five gases are considered to evaluate transformer faults.

[0055] Specifically, it can be seen from the above that the acetylene concentration percentage of acetylene gas in the dissolved gas is determined according to the acetylene gas concentration. If the acetylene concentration percentage is less than the acetylene reference threshold, the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined to be a quadrilateral transformer fault area; if the acetylene concentration percentage is greater than or equal to the acetylene reference threshold, the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined to be a pentagonal transformer fault area.

[0056] Among them, the acetylene reference threshold can be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual test results or transformer factory settings. This embodiment does not impose any limitation on this. Optionally, the acetylene reference threshold can be 5%, that is, judging whether the acetylene concentration percentage is less than 5%, to select the application of the quadrilateral transformer fault area or the pentagonal transformer fault area to determine the transformer fault.

[0057] Based on the above, the target transformer fault area is the quadrilateral transformer fault area, see Figure 2 As shown, the scale values ​​of the four adjacent sides of the quadrilateral transformer fault area are all concentration percentages, and the scale range is 0% to 10%. The four vertices of the quadrilateral defined in the clockwise direction are the hydrogen concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane concentration percentage corresponding to the methane gas concentration, the ethylene concentration percentage corresponding to the ethylene gas concentration, and the ethane concentration percentage corresponding to the ethane gas concentration, and the coordinate values ​​are A(0,0), B(0,10), C(10,10), and D(10,0), respectively. Based on the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane concentration percentage, the ethylene concentration percentage, and the ethane concentration percentage, the quadrilateral transformer fault area is divided into a first partial discharge fault area, a low temperature fault area, a first medium temperature fault area, and a first high temperature fault area.

[0058] Continue to see Figure 2 As shown in Table 1 below, it can be seen that the partial discharge fault situation in the quadrilateral transformer fault area is displayed in the lower left corner of the quadrilateral, that is, the first partial discharge fault area A1 is composed of A(0,0), F(0,5.5), E(1.5,1.5), and D(10,0). Under partial discharge fault, the hydrogen concentration is the highest; for thermal fault, the temperature increase mainly leads to an increase in the concentration of ethylene (C2H4). The upper right corner of the quadrilateral transformer fault area represents a medium- and high-temperature fault. The first medium-temperature (300℃ to 700℃) fault area A3 is composed of G(2.5,10), N(4.5,10), M(6,6), L(7.5,6), K(10,8.5 ), J(10,4.5), H(4,6), I(5.5,4.5), the first high temperature (greater than 700℃) fault area A4 is composed of N(4.5,10), M(6,6), L(7.5,6), K(10,8.5), C(10,10); ethane (C2H6) is mainly produced at low temperature, the center of the quadrilateral transformer fault area includes a low temperature fault, and the low temperature (less than 300℃) fault area A2 is composed of F(0,5.5), B(0,10), G(2.5,10), H(4,6), I(5.5,4.5), J(10,4.5), D(10,0), E(1.5,1.5).

[0059]

[0060] The target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area, see Figure 3 As shown, the scale values ​​of the five adjacent sides of the pentagonal transformer fault area are all concentration percentages, and the scale range is 0% to 18%. The five vertices of the pentagon defined in the clockwise direction are ethane concentration percentage, acetylene concentration percentage, hydrogen concentration percentage, methane gas percentage and ethylene concentration percentage, and the coordinate values ​​are D(3.09,0), E(0,9.51), A(8.09,15.39), B(16.18,9.51), and C(13.09,0), respectively. Based on the ethane concentration percentage, acetylene concentration percentage, hydrogen concentration percentage, methane gas percentage and ethylene concentration percentage, the pentagonal transformer fault area is divided into the second partial discharge fault area, the second medium temperature fault area, the second high temperature fault area, the low energy discharge fault area and the high energy discharge fault area.

[0061] Continue to see Figure 3 As shown in Table 2 below, it can be seen that since C2H2 is mainly generated under electrical discharge faults, the second local discharge fault area A5 is composed of A(8.09, 15.39), F(7.22, 14.76), H(10.05, 13.38), G(9.63, 13), the second medium temperature fault area A6 is composed of H(10.5, 10.38), I(10.5, 5.28), L(16.14, 9.37), B(16.18, 9.51), and the second high temperature fault area A7 is composed of I(10.5, 5.28 ), L(16.14,9.37), G(9.63,13), C(13.09,0), the low-energy discharge fault area A8 is composed of K(0.923,6.67), G(9.63,13), H(10.05,13.38), I(10.5,5.28), J(10.05,0), D(3.09,0), and the high-energy discharge fault area A9 is composed of E(0,9.51), K(0.923,6.67), G(9.63,13), F(7022,14.76).

[0062]

[0063] S120, determining a decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and determining a current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area.

[0064] In this embodiment, the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula, specifically:

[0065]

[0066] It can be seen that if the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area, n is 4; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the quadrilateral transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration or ethane gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration and ethane gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration or the ethane gas concentration.

[0067] If the target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area, n is 5; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the pentagonal transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration or acetylene gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration or the acetylene gas concentration.

[0068] Based on the above embodiment, if the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area, based on the decision coordinate value being located in the first partial discharge fault area, the low temperature fault area, the first medium temperature fault area or the first high temperature fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a low temperature fault, a medium temperature fault or a high temperature fault.

[0069] If the target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area, based on the decision coordinate value being located in the second partial discharge fault area, the second medium temperature fault area, the second high temperature fault area, the low energy discharge fault area or the high energy discharge fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a medium temperature fault, a high temperature fault, a low energy discharge fault or a high energy discharge fault.

[0070] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention obtains the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, and determines the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration; determines the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration, and determines the current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area. The present invention uses a dual-graphic method based on dissolved gas analysis (DGA) to distinguish different fault types in the transformer, can effectively identify and quantify low-concentration dissolved gas in oil, is suitable for application in the field of low-cost online monitoring of transformers, and effectively improves the accuracy of transformer monitoring and identification.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer fault detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the transformer fault detection device comprises:

[0072] The fault area determination module 210 is used to obtain the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, and determine the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration;

[0073] The fault detection module 220 is used to determine the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and determine the current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area.

[0074] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area or a pentagonal transformer fault area;

[0075] Determine the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration, which is specifically used for:

[0076] Determining the acetylene concentration percentage of acetylene gas in the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration;

[0077] If the acetylene concentration percentage is less than the acetylene reference threshold, it is determined that the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is a quadrilateral transformer fault area;

[0078] If the acetylene concentration percentage is greater than or equal to the acetylene reference threshold, it is determined that the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is a pentagonal transformer fault area.

[0079] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area, and the four vertices of the quadrilateral defined in a clockwise direction are respectively the hydrogen concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane concentration percentage corresponding to the methane gas concentration, the ethylene concentration percentage corresponding to the ethylene gas concentration, and the ethane concentration percentage corresponding to the ethane gas concentration, and the quadrilateral transformer fault area is divided into a first partial discharge fault area, a low temperature fault area, a first medium temperature fault area, and a first high temperature fault area based on the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane concentration percentage, the ethylene concentration percentage, and the ethane concentration percentage;

[0080] The target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area. The five vertices of the pentagon are defined in a clockwise direction as ethane concentration percentage, acetylene concentration percentage, hydrogen concentration percentage, methane gas percentage and ethylene concentration percentage. Based on the ethane concentration percentage, acetylene concentration percentage, hydrogen concentration percentage, methane gas percentage and ethylene concentration percentage, the pentagonal transformer fault area is divided into the second partial discharge fault area, the second medium temperature fault area, the second high temperature fault area, the low energy discharge fault area and the high energy discharge fault area.

[0081] Optionally, the current transformer fault of the transformer is determined according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area, specifically for:

[0082] If the decision coordinate value is located in the first partial discharge fault area, the low temperature fault area, the first medium temperature fault area or the first high temperature fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a low temperature fault, a medium temperature fault or a high temperature fault;

[0083] If the decision coordinate value is located in the second partial discharge fault area, the second medium temperature fault area, the second high temperature fault area, the low energy discharge fault area or the high energy discharge fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is determined to be a partial discharge fault, a medium temperature fault, a high temperature fault, a low energy discharge fault or a high energy discharge fault.

[0084] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area;

[0085] The decision coordinate values ​​corresponding to the dissolved gas are determined according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration and the ethane gas concentration, and are specifically used for:

[0086] The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] Where n is 4; (x i ,yi ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the quadrilateral transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration or ethane gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration and ethane gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration or the ethane gas concentration.

[0089] Optionally, the target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area;

[0090] The decision coordinate values ​​corresponding to the dissolved gas are determined according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and are specifically used for:

[0091] The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] Where n is 5; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the pentagonal transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration or acetylene gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration or the acetylene gas concentration.

[0094] The transformer fault detection device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the transformer fault detection method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the transformer fault detection method.

[0095] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a single-chamber vacuum degassing module and a gas measuring chamber in a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in 5, the transformer includes a single-chamber vacuum degassing module and a gas measuring chamber, the single-chamber vacuum degassing module sends the generated dissolved gas in the transformer oil into the gas measuring chamber, and the single-chamber vacuum degassing module contains a degassing tank, a vacuum pump, an oil pump, an air pump, a hydrogen sensor, a solenoid valve, a liquid level sensor, a pressure sensor and other components.

[0096] The single-chamber vacuum degassing module works as follows: first, clean the gas measurement chamber to prevent the last gas from interfering with this detection, open the solenoid valves V5, V6, V7, and V8, and close the other solenoid valves. At this time, the gas measurement chamber and the degassing tank are connected, turn on the vacuum pump, and the gas in the gas measurement chamber and the degassing tank is extracted. When the pressure sensor 1 reads 0.02MPa, turn off the vacuum pump, close all the solenoid valves, and the gas measurement chamber is cleaned. At this time, the pressure in the degassing tank and the gas measurement chamber is 0 .02MPa; wait for 10s after the vacuum pump is turned off, and the infrared spectrometer scans the gas chamber as the background; after the scan is completed, open the solenoid valves V1 and V4, and close the other solenoid valves. The oil pump starts to work and extracts transformer oil from the transformer tank. The transformer oil is sprayed into the degassing tank from the nozzle above the degassing tank until the liquid level sensor above the degassing tank detects the liquid level and the oil pump stops working. The oil intake is 500mL; start oil and gas separation. Due to the low pressure in the degassing tank, the dissolved gas in the transformer oil will be separated to the top of the degassing tank. The air pump works to send the upper gas to the bottom of the degassing tank and emerge from the bottom of the degassing tank, driving the dissolved gas in the oil to precipitate and accelerate the separation of the gas in the oil. After 300 seconds, the gas separation is completed, the air pump is turned off, the solenoid valves V5 and V7 are opened, the other solenoid valves are closed, the gas collection cylinder piston moves, and the separated gas is collected in the gas collection cylinder; the solenoid valve V8 is opened, the other solenoid valves are closed, the gas collection cylinder piston moves, and the gas is sent to the gas measurement chamber. After 2 seconds, the solenoid valve V8 is closed. At this time, the gas measurement chamber is full of dissolved gas in the transformer oil used for this transformer fault detection. The pressure sensor 2 shows the pressure in the gas measurement chamber at this time, which is used to correct the quantitative analysis results of the dissolved gas; after the separation of the dissolved gas is completed, the transformer oil in the degassing tank needs to be returned to the transformer oil cylinder, the solenoid valves V2 and V3 are opened, the other solenoid valves are closed, the oil pump works, and the oil in the degassing tank is sent back to the transformer oil tank. When the liquid level sensor below the degassing tank cannot detect the liquid level, it means that the oil in the degassing tank has been drained, the oil pump stops working, and the entire degassing process ends.

[0097] The gas measurement chamber includes a MEMS sensor array, which contains 4 metal oxide sensors, a single electrochemical sensor and a single photoionization sensor. The MEMS sensor array can obtain the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil. The specific sensor collection method is the existing method and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Figure 6 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a transformer 310 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6As shown, the transformer 310 also includes at least one processor 311, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 311, such as a read-only memory (ROM 312), a random access memory (RAM 313), etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 311 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM 312) or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 318 to the random access memory (RAM 313). In RAM 313, various programs and data required for the operation of the transformer 310 can also be stored. The processor 311, ROM 312 and RAM 313 are connected to each other via a bus 314. An I / O (input / output) interface 315 is also connected to the bus 314.

[0099] Multiple components in the transformer 310 are connected to the I / O interface 315, including: an input unit 316, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 317, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 318, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 319, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 319 allows the transformer 310 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0100] The processor 311 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 311 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 311 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a transformer fault detection method.

[0101] In some embodiments, the transformer fault detection method may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 318. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the transformer 310 via the ROM 312 and / or the communication unit 319. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 313 and executed by the processor 311, one or more steps of the transformer fault detection method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 311 may be configured to perform the transformer fault detection method in any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0102] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0103] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0104] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0105] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0106] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0107] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0108] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0109] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer fault detection method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of dissolved gas in transformer oil, and determining a target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration; The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and the current transformer fault of the transformer is determined according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area.

2. The transformer fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area or a pentagonal transformer fault area; Determining a target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration includes: Determining the acetylene concentration percentage of acetylene gas in the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration; If the acetylene concentration percentage is less than the acetylene reference threshold, determining that the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is the quadrilateral transformer fault area; If the acetylene concentration percentage is greater than or equal to the acetylene reference threshold, it is determined that the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas is the pentagonal transformer fault area.

3. The transformer fault detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area, and the four vertices of the quadrilateral defined in the clockwise direction are respectively the hydrogen concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane concentration percentage corresponding to the methane gas concentration, the ethylene concentration percentage corresponding to the ethylene gas concentration, and the ethane concentration percentage corresponding to the ethane gas concentration, and the quadrilateral transformer fault area is divided into a first partial discharge fault area, a low temperature fault area, a first medium temperature fault area, and a first high temperature fault area based on the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane concentration percentage, the ethylene concentration percentage, and the ethane concentration percentage; The target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area, and the five vertices of the pentagon defined in the pentagonal transformer fault area in a clockwise direction are respectively the ethane concentration percentage, the acetylene concentration percentage, the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane gas percentage and the ethylene concentration percentage. Based on the ethane concentration percentage, the acetylene concentration percentage, the hydrogen concentration percentage, the methane gas percentage and the ethylene concentration percentage, the pentagonal transformer fault area is divided into a second partial discharge fault area, a second medium temperature fault area, a second high temperature fault area, a low energy discharge fault area and a high energy discharge fault area.

4. The transformer fault detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining a current transformer fault of a transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area includes: If the decision coordinate value is located in the first partial discharge fault area, the low temperature fault area, the first medium temperature fault area or the first high temperature fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a low temperature fault, a medium temperature fault or a high temperature fault; If the decision coordinate value is located in the second partial discharge fault area, the second medium temperature fault area, the second high temperature fault area, the low energy discharge fault area or the high energy discharge fault area, then the current transformer fault of the transformer is correspondingly determined to be a partial discharge fault, a medium temperature fault, a high temperature fault, a low energy discharge fault or a high energy discharge fault.

5. The transformer fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target transformer fault area is a quadrilateral transformer fault area; Determining the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, and the ethane gas concentration includes: The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula, specifically: Where n is 4; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the quadrilateral transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration or the ethane gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration and the ethane gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration or the ethane gas concentration.

6. The transformer fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target transformer fault area is a pentagonal transformer fault area; Determining the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration, and the acetylene gas concentration includes: The decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas is determined based on the following formula, specifically: Where n is 5; (x i ,y i ) is the specific coordinate of each vertex in the pentagonal transformer fault area; (x m ,y m ) is the decision coordinate value; P ％i is the concentration percentage corresponding to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration or the acetylene gas concentration; S is the sum of the gas concentrations of the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration; P i It is the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration or the acetylene gas concentration.

7. A transformer fault detection device, characterized in that: include: A fault area determination module, used to obtain the hydrogen gas concentration, methane gas concentration, ethylene gas concentration, ethane gas concentration and acetylene gas concentration of the dissolved gas in the transformer oil, and determine the target transformer fault area corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the acetylene gas concentration; A fault detection module is used to determine the decision coordinate value corresponding to the dissolved gas according to the hydrogen gas concentration, the methane gas concentration, the ethylene gas concentration, the ethane gas concentration and the acetylene gas concentration, and determine the current transformer fault of the transformer according to the decision coordinate value and the target transformer fault area.

8. A transformer, characterized in that: The transformer comprises a single-chamber vacuum degassing module and a gas measurement chamber, wherein the single-chamber vacuum degassing module sends the generated dissolved gas in the transformer oil into the gas measurement chamber; The transformer also includes: at least one processor; and, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the transformer fault detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas measurement chamber includes a MEMS sensor array containing four metal oxide sensors, a single electrochemical sensor, and a single photoionization sensor.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the transformer fault detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed.

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