Method capable of realizing long-distance signal transmission under goaf porous medium condition

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under the condition of a porous medium in a goaf. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a proper signal frequency range based on the physical characteristics of the porous medium in the goaf; designing a corresponding signal modulation mode according to the selected signal frequency range; the stability of a signal propagation path is enhanced through a relay node deployed in the goaf; modulation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the signal quality fed back by the relay node to optimize the transmission effect. Through the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the problem of how to optimize and select the signal frequency so as to solve the problem of too fast signal attenuation in the porous medium can be solved, and meanwhile, the problem of how to regulate and control the dielectric property of the transmission path so as to solve the delay problem caused by signal refraction and reflection can be solved; and the problem of bit error rate increase in long-distance transmission can be solved by adjusting the signal coding mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering signal transmission, and in particular to a method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous media conditions in goaf areas. Background Art

[0002] A method for long-distance signal transmission in porous media in goaf aims to improve the efficiency and reliability of wireless communication in complex geological environments by optimizing technologies and strategies. In specific applications, it faces several key issues. First, how to optimize the signal frequency to cope with the situation where the signal attenuates too quickly in porous media is an important challenge. Due to the differences in penetration and transmission characteristics of different frequency bands, reasonable frequency planning can effectively enhance signal quality. Secondly, in order to solve the delay caused by signal refraction and reflection, it is necessary to effectively control the dielectric properties of the transmission path to reduce the impact of uneven propagation on data synchronization. In addition, it is also necessary to consider adjusting the signal encoding method to solve the problem of increased bit error rate in long-distance transmission to ensure that information is transmitted in real time. The integrity and accuracy of the transmission process over a longer path. Furthermore, the optimization of the antenna layout design is also essential. By scientifically arranging the antenna position and direction in the goaf, stable and balanced signal reception effects can be achieved in different areas. Finally, in order to extend the effective transmission distance of the signal and offset the energy loss caused by the imbalanced environment, the reasonable configuration of the working parameters of the power amplifier module is also crucial. Through refined management and dynamic adjustment of parameters such as transmission power, it can effectively ensure reliable communication over longer distances under various conditions. This method can greatly improve the long-distance transmission capability of signals in complex and changeable underground environments through technical research and improvement of measures in the above multiple links, providing technical support for the safe and efficient operation of related industries. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous media conditions in goaf areas, which at least partially solves the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf, comprising: S101, selecting a suitable signal frequency range based on the physical properties of the porous medium in the goaf; S102, designing a corresponding signal modulation method according to the selected signal frequency range; S103, enhancing the stability of the signal propagation path by deploying relay nodes in the goaf; S104: Dynamically adjust modulation parameters based on the signal quality fed back by the relay node to optimize the transmission effect.

[0005] Preferably, selecting a suitable signal frequency range based on the physical properties of the porous medium in the goaf also includes: Determine the signal attenuation factor A based on the porosity and permeability in the porous medium; The optimal signal frequency f is determined using the formula f = K * (λ ^ α), where K is the dielectric constant, λ is the material wavelength parameter, and α is the empirical coefficient; When A > B (B is the preset threshold), f is reduced to reduce energy loss and optimize the transmission effect; Adjust the output power of the power amplifier module within the frequency range so that it is inversely proportional to the signal frequency to ensure sufficient power is maintained under high attenuation conditions.

[0006] Preferably, further optimization based on the selection method of the above signal frequency also includes: Use dielectric properties simulation analysis to select the optimal dielectric constant ϵr and adjust the signal frequency band; If ϵr < X (X is the set threshold), the high-frequency offset mechanism is enabled to compensate for the refraction effect; Set the reflection path correction system to monitor the delay time D and the phase deflection angle φ; If D <= Y * sin(φ) is satisfied, that is, when the delay detected by the receiving side is lower than the theoretical maximum allowable deviation under a certain ratio, dynamic calibration is performed to correct the actual delay.

[0007] Preferably, enhancing signal path stability based on relay node deployment further includes: Deploy intelligent codecs and select error protection modes based on ambient noise levels; Design an error compensation algorithm that is suitable for long-distance transmission to reduce the bit error rate; If the channel bit error number E > C, then add additional forward error correction codes to improve the redundancy of reliability; Determine the appropriate buffer size based on the real-time transmission rate T and the current network load N: if T > Z * (N / W), cache more packets to prevent burst traffic congestion; (here Z is the proportional factor and W is the standard load weight).

[0008] Preferably, the signal modulation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the relay point feedback information to optimize the effect in more detail as follows: Arrange multiple miniaturized antennas to form a grid structure according to the geological conditions of the goaf area and the location of the equipment to ensure comprehensive coverage without blind spots; Monitor the relative strength difference G between antennas in different azimuths and automatically optimize their gain settings; Calculate the loss L of each communication link and the expected minimum signal loss value Vmin between nodes, and use the following rules to determine whether tasks need to be reallocated: If L(i,j) > Vmin, consider transferring the task that originally passed through i to j to the suboptimal route k; Adaptively change the transmit power Pi on each antenna according to the terrain characteristics to ensure good reception quality at all locations; if Pavg * M^γ >= Si (Si is the minimum power required for the location), reduce the total transmit power consumption to save energy; (Pavg is the average transmit level of the entire grid, M is the distance factor and γ is the attenuation exponent).

[0009] Preferably, in regulating the signal encoding method: Adjust the compilation algorithm according to the specific dielectric constant of the transmission path to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and make the bit error more controllable; A special error correction protocol is implemented for sections with severe interference to compensate for errors caused by multipath effects; Determine the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and its historical statistical distribution pattern: If the SINR change trend shows three consecutive decreases of Δ, a higher level of fault tolerance strategy is triggered until the problem is resolved; Define the effective information carrying unit U, and determine the transport layer protocol adjustment range K=(Err / SumU)*Q based on the number of coded block errors Err. When the K value deviates from the normal range by more than F%, strengthen the verification level of the next batch of data streams until it returns to normal; (here SumU represents the total amount of accumulated information, F is the tolerance ratio, and Q is the basic weighting coefficient).

[0010] Preferably, how to regulate the antenna layout design also includes: Analyze the existing base station coverage and formulate targeted antenna placement plans to ensure seamless connection at all angles and avoid blind spots; Adopting multiple-input multiple-output technology MIMO combined with array beam control method to achieve directivity enhancement and improve communication efficiency in the target area; If θ represents the antenna orientation deviation, when θ is greater than or equal to the predetermined limit H, a prompt signal is immediately issued to remind the user to recheck the configuration parameters to ensure the best performance. At the same time, the comparison chart of the receiving level strength of each antenna is evaluated to obtain a specific list of suggestions for improvement to facilitate the operation of the subsequent maintenance team. Based on the overall system stability requirements and resource constraints, the maximum interval t_max for each node antenna to send commands is calculated. If Ti > Ri*C (Ci is the cost-effectiveness balance coefficient, R is the single response request time limit), priority is given to key business nodes to avoid possible risk points.

[0011] Preferably, when adjusting the working parameters of the power amplifier module: Measure and record the power consumption E and working hours of all nodes in the current stage to roughly estimate the power reserve during the future peak power consumption period; Combined with the expected load model, the future power output curve is predicted as O(t)=a*(bt)^(c / d) (where a and b are the initial power and the operation deadline; and c and d are shape parameters); If the current I measured at a certain moment exceeds the previously set warning limit S, that is, I ≥ S, early intervention management can be carried out to reduce the potential damage caused by peak impact; Assuming the possible impact of equipment aging under long-term use, based on the wear life D, the safety margin is appropriately increased to make the replacement of the old with the new more timely without affecting the normal operation process: if E*D / (1P)>J (here J is the minimum residual value and P is the estimated depreciation rate), this can more effectively prevent failures and ensure stable operation.

[0012] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are: The method can realize long-distance signal transmission under porous media conditions in goaf areas, and can solve the problem of how to optimize the signal frequency to solve the problem of excessively fast signal attenuation in porous media.

[0013] The method can realize long-distance signal transmission under the porous medium conditions of goaf areas, and can solve the problem of how to regulate the dielectric properties of the transmission path to solve the delay problem caused by signal refraction and reflection.

[0014] The method can realize long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf areas and can solve the problem of how to adjust the signal encoding method to solve the problem of increased bit error rate in long-distance transmission.

[0015] The method can realize long-distance signal transmission under porous media conditions in goaf areas, and can solve the problem of how to regulate antenna layout design to solve the problem of unbalanced signal reception at different locations in the goaf area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf areas according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "certain embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0019] The present application embodiment discloses a method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf areas, referring to Figure 1 ,include: S101, selecting a suitable signal frequency range based on the physical properties of the porous medium in the goaf; S102, designing a corresponding signal modulation method according to the selected signal frequency range; S103, enhancing the stability of the signal propagation path by deploying relay nodes in the goaf; S104: Dynamically adjust modulation parameters based on the signal quality fed back by the relay node to optimize the transmission effect.

[0020] The signal attenuation factor A is determined according to the porosity and permeability in the porous medium. This means that after a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the porous medium under a specific geological environment, the factors that will experience a certain degree of energy loss in the propagation of this medium are calculated. For example, when in a goaf with high porosity and low permeability, due to the relatively poor connectivity within the medium, sound or electromagnetic waves will decay rapidly in such an environment. The purpose of setting the signal attenuation factor A here is to more scientifically measure the degree of influence of environmental factors on signal transmission, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the subsequent frequency selection. In this embodiment, it is assumed that a goaf sample obtained through field investigation has a higher porosity and relatively lower permeability value, and then a higher A value is determined to guide subsequent work.

[0021] The formula f = K * (λ ^ α) is used to determine the optimal signal frequency f. In this formula, K is a constant that reflects the material properties based on actual measurements, while the wavelength parameter λ is determined based on the material propagation characteristics measured under different conditions. The empirical coefficient α is usually between 0.1 and 1, which mainly depends on the specific structural characteristics such as the average distance between particles inside the porous medium. By changing K, λ and adjusting the empirical coefficient α, the signal penetration capability can be optimized while minimizing energy loss. The reason for this setting is that the complexity and diversity brought about by the differences in porous media structures in actual application scenarios are taken into account. This formula can be used to more flexibly adapt to different types of underground conditions and find the most suitable signal frequency. In one embodiment, for the aforementioned mine with a large A value, a reasonable minimum frequency band f is selected as much as possible while ensuring reliable communication, which ensures sufficient strength and reduces the risk of energy waste, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0022] Once it is determined that the attenuation factor A exceeds a predetermined threshold value B, the optimal frequency f needs to be appropriately reduced to alleviate the energy loss. The preset threshold value B here is an artificially defined limit after considering the signal integrity requirements and other engineering constraints. It reflects the maximum acceptable attenuation value. This is done to prevent the transmission distance from being limited or information loss due to excessive absorption. Specifically, if a mining area test shows that the currently selected signal frequency f makes the actual measured attenuation close to but does not exceed the setting B for the area, then the operating frequency can be appropriately lowered until A≤B. This ensures that even in the face of more severe geological conditions, more ideal data exchange quality and service continuity can be obtained.

[0023] Finally, the output power of the power amplifier module within the frequency range is adjusted to make it negatively correlated with the signal frequency. This arrangement means that over the entire predetermined operating frequency band, the amplification strength of the high-frequency part is reduced while the supplementary strength of the low-frequency side is increased on the basis of keeping the total output energy constant. This allows sufficient telecommunications-grade signal coverage support to be provided to distant destinations even in the face of high attenuation challenges, avoiding the impact of strength loss due to increased distance on normal communication. In a specific example, for f that has been selected and exhibits certain attenuation characteristics in the experiment, the output adjusted according to such a rule will be more balanced and effective, which will neither affect the clarity of information exchange at close range nor cause the remote node to receive too weak feedback, resulting in misunderstanding and misoperation.

[0024] By carefully defining and quantifying the above-mentioned main aspects, more detailed and comprehensive support and improvement of the methods described in the claims can be achieved. This makes the long-distance communication tasks implemented under the porous media conditions of the goaf not only more reliable, but also increases the operational flexibility and safety.

[0025] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous media conditions in goaf, characterized in that: include: S101, selecting a suitable signal frequency range based on the physical properties of the porous medium in the goaf; S102, designing a corresponding signal modulation method according to the selected signal frequency range; S103, enhancing the stability of the signal propagation path by deploying relay nodes in the goaf; S104: Dynamically adjust modulation parameters based on the signal quality fed back by the relay node to optimize the transmission effect.

2. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection of appropriate signal frequency range based on the physical properties of porous media in the goaf also includes: Determine the signal attenuation factor A based on the porosity and permeability in the porous medium; The optimal signal frequency f is determined using the formula f = K * (λ ^ α), where K is the dielectric constant, λ is the material wavelength parameter, and α is the empirical coefficient; When A > B (B is the preset threshold), f is reduced to reduce energy loss and optimize the transmission effect; Adjust the output power of the power amplifier module within the frequency range so that it is inversely proportional to the signal frequency to ensure sufficient power is maintained under high attenuation conditions.

3. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 2, characterized in that: Further optimization based on the above signal frequency selection method also includes: Use dielectric properties simulation analysis to select the optimal dielectric constant ϵr and adjust the signal frequency band; If ϵr < X (X is the set threshold), the high-frequency offset mechanism is enabled to compensate for the refraction effect; Set the reflection path correction system to monitor the delay time D and the phase deflection angle φ; If D <= Y * sin(φ) is satisfied, that is, when the delay detected by the receiving side is lower than the theoretical maximum allowable deviation under a certain ratio, dynamic calibration is performed to correct the actual delay.

4. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 3, characterized in that: The enhanced signal path stability based on relay node deployment further includes: Deploy intelligent codecs and select error protection modes based on ambient noise levels; Design an error compensation algorithm that is suitable for long-distance transmission to reduce the bit error rate; If the channel bit error number E > C, then add additional forward error correction codes to improve the redundancy of reliability; Determine the appropriate buffer size based on the real-time transmission rate T and the current network load N: if T > Z * (N / W), cache more packets to prevent burst traffic congestion; (here Z is the proportional factor and W is the standard load weight).

5. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 4, characterized in that: Dynamically adjust signal modulation parameters based on relay point feedback information to optimize the effect, which is more detailed as follows: Arrange multiple miniaturized antennas to form a grid structure according to the geological conditions of the goaf area and the location of the equipment to ensure comprehensive coverage without blind spots; Monitor the relative strength difference G between antennas in different azimuths and automatically optimize their gain settings; Calculate the loss L of each communication link and the expected minimum signal loss value Vmin between nodes, and use the following rules to determine whether tasks need to be reallocated: If L(i,j) > Vmin, consider transferring the task that originally passed through i to j to the suboptimal route k; Adaptively change the transmit power Pi on each antenna according to the terrain characteristics to ensure good reception quality at all locations; if Pavg * M^γ >= Si (Si is the minimum power required for the location), reduce the total transmit power consumption to save energy; (Pavg is the average transmit level of the entire grid, M is the distance factor and γ is the attenuation exponent).

6. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: In terms of regulating the signal encoding method: Adjust the compilation algorithm according to the specific dielectric constant of the transmission path to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and make the bit error more controllable; A special error correction protocol is implemented for sections with severe interference to compensate for errors caused by multipath effects; Determine the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and its historical statistical distribution pattern: If the SINR change trend shows three consecutive decreases of Δ, a higher level of fault tolerance strategy is triggered until the problem is resolved; Define the effective information carrying unit U, and determine the transport layer protocol adjustment range K=(Err / SumU)*Q based on the number of coded block errors Err. When the K value deviates from the normal range by more than F%, strengthen the verification level of the next batch of data streams until it returns to normal; (here SumU represents the total amount of accumulated information, F is the tolerance ratio, and Q is the basic weighting coefficient).

7. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 6, characterized in that: How to regulate the antenna layout design also includes: Analyze the existing base station coverage and formulate targeted antenna placement plans to ensure seamless connection at all angles and avoid blind spots; Adopting multiple-input multiple-output technology MIMO combined with array beam control method to achieve directivity enhancement and improve communication efficiency in the target area; If θ represents the antenna orientation deviation, when θ is greater than or equal to the predetermined limit H, a prompt signal is immediately issued to remind the user to recheck the configuration parameters to ensure the best performance. At the same time, the comparison chart of the receiving level strength of each antenna is evaluated to obtain a specific list of suggestions for improvement to facilitate the operation of the subsequent maintenance team. Based on the overall system stability requirements and resource constraints, the maximum interval t_max for each node antenna to send commands is calculated. If Ti > Ri*C (Ci is the cost-effectiveness balance coefficient, R is the single response request time limit), priority is given to those key business nodes to avoid possible risk points.

8. A method for realizing long-distance signal transmission under porous medium conditions in goaf according to claim 7, characterized in that: When adjusting the working parameters of the power amplifier module: Measure and record the power consumption E and working hours of all nodes in the current stage to roughly estimate the power reserve during the future peak power consumption period; Combined with the expected load model, the future power output curve is predicted as O(t)=a*(bt)^(c / d) (where a and b are the initial power and the operation deadline; and c and d are shape parameters); If the current I measured at a certain moment exceeds the previously set warning limit S, that is, I ≥ S, early intervention management can be carried out to reduce the potential damage caused by peak impact; Assuming the possible impact of equipment aging under long-term use, based on the wear life D, the safety margin is appropriately increased to make the replacement of the old with the new more timely without affecting the normal operation process: if E*D / (1P)>J (here J is the minimum residual value and P is the estimated depreciation rate), this can more effectively prevent failures and ensure stable operation.

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