Multi-cathode electrolytic machining device and method for shrouded leaf disc

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-cathode machining method for electrolytic machining of a shrouded leaf disc, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining. The device mainly comprises a tool disc, a tool cathode, a mounting seat, a liquid inlet and outlet device, a liquid sealing plate and the like. The tool cathodes are arranged on the tool disc in a circular array mode, and the liquid inlet pipe corresponding to each tool cathode is connected to the other side of the tool disc and used for providing electrolyte. A backflow gap is designed between every two tool cathodes, so that the stability of a flow field is improved. The upper side of the backflow seam is connected with a liquid outlet device, and a liquid outlet is connected with a back pressure valve to adjust a flow field and improve controllability of the flow field. Liquid sealing plates are designed on inner and outer rings of the tool cathode to ensure that a processing flow field is uniform and stable. During machining, electrolyte passes through the tool disc and the hollow inner cavities of the tool cathodes from the liquid inlet device to reach the machining surface, the tool disc drives all the tool cathodes to rotate around the Z axis while feeding in the negative direction of the Z axis, rotary feeding of the cathodes is achieved, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a multi-cathode electrolytic machining device and a method for crowned blade disks, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic machining. Background Art

[0002] The shrouded blisk is a new structural form of advanced aircraft engines and an important key component in aircraft engines. The shrouded blisk is a closed structure with complex blade shape and narrow flow channel space. It is difficult to process with traditional machinery, poor tool accessibility and low processing efficiency.

[0003] Electrochemical machining is a special machining method that removes blank materials based on the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution (electrolysis). The machining is not limited by the hardness and strength of the material itself, and has the advantages of high machining efficiency, no tool cathode loss, and no cutting stress. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for the production of complex structural parts with special surface requirements for aircraft engines.

[0004] Patent CN114850601A proposes a fixture device and method for high-efficiency electrolytic grooving of integral blade disks, which realizes simultaneous electrolytic processing of multiple blade grids.

[0005] Patent CN114603223A proposes a device for multi-channel electrolytic machining of an integral blade disk and a machining method thereof, thereby realizing multi-channel electrolytic machining of an integral blade disk.

[0006] Patent CN118417640A proposes an integral cathode in-situ deformation full-surface electrolytic machining device and method for a shrouded blade, which realizes synchronous electrolytic machining of the blade body and the edge plates on both sides of the shrouded blade.

[0007] The crowned blade disk has the problems of difficult processing and low processing efficiency during the electrolytic processing. At present, there is no report on the device and method for multi-channel processing of the crowned blade disk. This patent proposes a multi-cathode electrolytic processing device and method for crowned blade disk, which can realize the simultaneous processing of all blades of the crowned blade disk, and improve the feasibility and processing efficiency of electrolytic processing of the crowned blade disk. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of this patent invention is to solve the problem that the traditional CNC milling is difficult and inefficient for processing the new structural form of the shrouded blade disk of the aircraft engine, and propose a multi-cathode electrolytic processing device and method for the shrouded blade disk.

[0009] A crowned leaf disk multi-cathode electrolytic machining device, characterized in that: from top to bottom, it includes a liquid inlet and outlet device, a tooling disk, a tool cathode, a crowned leaf disk, and a mounting seat; the crowned leaf disk is mounted on the mounting seat; the tool cathode is provided with a hollow inner cavity; the number of tool cathodes is equal to the number of blades of the crowned leaf disk, and they are evenly distributed in a circular array on the lower side of the tooling disk; a reflux gap is provided between adjacent tool cathodes; the tooling disk is evenly distributed with liquid inlet holes and reflux holes equal to the number of blades; The liquid inlet and outlet device is composed of a liquid inlet device and a liquid outlet device; wherein the liquid inlet device is composed of a liquid inlet, a diverter, and a liquid inlet pipe in order from top to bottom; wherein the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the hollow inner cavity of the tool cathode through the liquid inlet hole of the tooling plate; wherein the liquid outlet device is composed of a liquid outlet pipe and a liquid collecting pipe in order from top to bottom; wherein one end of the liquid collecting pipe is connected with the reflux seam of the tool cathode through the reflux hole of the tooling plate, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet pipe, and a liquid outlet is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe; the above-mentioned liquid sealing plate is installed on both sides of the inside and outside of the tool cathode.

[0010] The processing method of the crowned blade disk multi-cathode electrolytic processing device is characterized in that it includes the following processes: during processing, the tooling disk drives the cathode to feed along the negative direction of the Z axis and rotate along the C axis at the same time, and the processing of the twisted channel is realized by the cathode interpolation movement; the electrolyte reaches the processing area from the liquid inlet device through the hollow inner cavity of the tool cathode; a reflux gap is designed between adjacent tool cathodes to ensure that the flow field of the inlet and outlet edges of the crowned blade disk is uniform and improve the stability of the processing process; the sealing plate is installed on the inner and outer sides of the tool cathode. During the processing, the sealing plate is fed along the negative direction of the Z axis together with the tool cathode, and the inner and outer sealing plates gradually cover the crowned blade disk to prevent the electrolyte from splashing, and at the same time increase the electrolyte reflux pressure, so that the electrolyte can flow out evenly from the reflux gap and the upper and lower edges of the sealing plate.

[0011] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects: (1) Multiple cathodes are processed simultaneously to improve processing efficiency. Multiple cathodes are installed on the tooling disk, and multiple blade channels of the crowned blade disk are processed simultaneously by axial rotation feeding, which can effectively improve the electrolytic processing efficiency of the crowned blade disk. Different structures can be designed for closed blade disks and open blade disks with different structures to achieve multi-channel processing of various types of closed and open integral structures. This method and device have certain versatility.

[0012] (2) Design a reflux hole between two adjacent tool cathodes to improve the uniformity of the flow field. By designing a reflux hole between two adjacent tool cathodes, the accessibility of the electrolyte to the air inlet side of the blade is improved, the dead water area on the air inlet side of the blade is avoided in the later stage of electrolytic machining, and the machining stability is improved.

[0013] (3) Install sealing plates on both sides of the tool cathode to improve processing stability. By designing sealing plates on both sides of the tool cathode, the electrolyte is prevented from diffusing to the surroundings and plays a role in stabilizing the flow, so that the electrolyte can flow out evenly from the reflux seam and the upper and lower edges of the sealing plates, thereby improving processing stability.

[0014] The preferred structure of the above-mentioned crowned blade disk multi-cathode electrolytic machining device is that the above-mentioned liquid outlet pipe is an annular pipe; each liquid outlet on the liquid outlet pipe should be a group of liquid collecting pipes, and the liquid collecting pipes are evenly grouped according to the number of liquid outlets; adjacent liquid outlets in the above-mentioned liquid outlet pipe are separated by baffles; and the liquid outlets are connected to back pressure valves to achieve precise control of the pressure of each group of liquid collecting pipes, thereby improving the controllability of the flow field and achieving the best machining effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-cathode electrolytic machining device for a crowned blade disk; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tooling tray; Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the tool cathode; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of inner and outer sealing plates.

[0016] The numbers in the figure are as follows: 1-1-liquid inlet, 1-2-diverter, 1-3-liquid inlet pipe, 2-1-liquid outlet, 2-2-liquid outlet pipe, 2-3-liquid collecting pipe, 3-tooling plate, 3-1-liquid inlet hole, 3-2-reflux hole, 4-tool cathode, 4-1-cathode cavity, 4-2-reflux gap, 6-mounting seat, 7-1-outer liquid sealing plate, 7-2-inner liquid sealing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] The present invention provides a multi-cathode electrolytic machining device and method for crowned blade disks, and the specific machining steps are as follows: 1) Connect the tooling plate, liquid inlet device and liquid outlet device to the machine tool, connect the tool cathode to the tooling plate and align them, and install the sealing plate on both sides of the tool cathode. Install the mounting seat and the blank on the tooling, align the tool, such as Figure 1 ; 2) The positive and negative poles of the power supply are connected to the workpiece and the cathode respectively, the electrolyte system circulates the liquid, the power is turned on, the machine tool processing program is started, and processing begins.

[0019] 3) After processing is completed, remove the rough-machined crown blade disc.

[0020] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the patent protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-cathode electrolytic machining device for crowned blade disks, characterized in that: From top to bottom, it includes a liquid inlet and outlet device, a tooling plate (3), a tool cathode (4), a crowned leaf plate (5), and a mounting seat (6); The crowned leaf disc (5) is mounted on a mounting seat (6); The tool cathode (4) is provided with a hollow inner cavity (4-1); the number of the tool cathodes (4) is equal to the number of blades of the crowned blade disk (5), and is installed in a circular uniform array on the lower side of the tooling disk (3); and a return slit (4-2) is provided between adjacent tool cathodes (4); The tooling plate (3) is evenly distributed with liquid inlet holes (3-1) and return holes (3-2) equal in number to the number of blades. The above-mentioned liquid inlet and outlet device is composed of a liquid inlet device (1) and a liquid outlet device (2); wherein the liquid inlet device (1) is composed of a liquid inlet (1-1), a flow divider (1-2), and a liquid inlet pipe (1-3) from top to bottom; wherein the liquid inlet pipe (1-3) is connected to the hollow inner cavity (4-1) of the tool cathode (4) through the liquid inlet hole (3-1) of the tooling plate (3); wherein the liquid outlet device (2) is composed of a liquid outlet pipe (2-2) and a liquid converging pipe (2-3) from top to bottom; one end of the liquid converging pipe (2-3) is connected to the reflux slit (4-2) of the tool cathode (4) through the reflux hole (3-2) of the tooling plate (3), and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (2-2), and the liquid outlet pipe (2-2) is provided with a liquid outlet (2-1); The liquid sealing plate (7) is installed on both the inner and outer sides of the tool cathode (4).

2. The multi-cathode electrolytic machining device for crowned blisks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The above-mentioned liquid outlet pipe (2-2) is a ring-shaped pipe; each liquid outlet (2-1) on the liquid outlet pipe (2-2) corresponds to a group of liquid collecting pipes (2-3), and the liquid collecting pipes (2-3) are evenly grouped according to the number of liquid outlets (2-1).

3. The multi-cathode electrolytic machining device for crowned blisks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Adjacent liquid outlets (2-1) in the liquid outlet pipe (2-2) are separated by baffles; and the liquid outlets (2-1) are connected to back pressure valves to achieve precise control of the pressure of each group of liquid confluence pipes (2-3), thereby improving the controllability of the flow field.

4. A processing method using the multi-cathode electrolytic processing device for crowned blade disks according to claim 1, characterized in that The process includes: During processing, the tooling disc (3) drives the cathode to feed along the negative direction of the Z axis and rotate along the C axis at the same time, so that the processing of the twisted channel is realized through the cathode interpolation movement; The electrolyte flows from the liquid inlet device through the hollow inner cavity (4-1) of the tool cathode to the processing area; A return flow gap (4-2) is designed between adjacent tool cathodes (4) to ensure uniform flow fields at the inlet and outlet sides of the crowned blade disk (5) and improve the stability of the machining process; The sealing plates (7) are mounted on both inner and outer sides of the tool cathode (4). During the machining process, the sealing plates (7) are fed along the negative direction of the Z axis together with the tool cathode (4). The inner and outer sealing plates gradually cover the crowned leaf disc (5) to prevent electrolyte splashing and increase electrolyte reflux pressure, so that the electrolyte can evenly flow out from the reflux slit (4-2) and the upper and lower edges of the sealing plates (7).

5. The processing method of the crowned leaf disk multi-cathode electrolytic processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid outlet pipe (2-2) is an annular pipe; each liquid outlet (2-1) on the liquid outlet pipe (2-2) corresponds to a group of liquid converging pipes (2-3), and the liquid converging pipes (2-3) are evenly grouped according to the number of the liquid outlets (2-1); adjacent liquid outlets (2-1) in the liquid outlet pipe (2-2) are separated by baffles; and the liquid outlets (2-1) are connected to back pressure valves to achieve precise control of the pressure of each group of liquid converging pipes (2-3), thereby improving the controllability of the flow field.

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