Method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa in barren land

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and provides a method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa in barren land, which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting triticale and alfalfa varieties suitable for local environment; s2, in the period from September to October, soil deep ploughing is conducted on the planting land parcel by 25-30 cm, and triticale seeds and alfalfa seeds are evenly mixed according to the proportion of 7: 1; s3, harvesting triticale in different periods according to utilization purposes, and continuing to reserve alfalfa for growth after harvesting; s4, performing irrigation, disease and pest monitoring, fertilization, weeding and cutting management on the feed triticale and alfalfa; according to the method, crop varieties suitable for the local environment are selected, soil deep ploughing and seed treatment are conducted, reasonable sowing and fertilization are conducted, and fine field management measures are taken, so that efficient utilization of the barren land is achieved; according to the method, the utilization rate of land and the yield of crops are increased, diseases and insect pests are reduced through interplanting and fine management, the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and specifically relates to a method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa on infertile land. Background Art

[0002] In the field of agricultural planting, the utilization of infertile land has always been a difficult problem. Traditional planting methods often fail to achieve ideal yields on these lands, resulting in a large waste of land resources. At the same time, the single-crop planting mode is also prone to problems such as soil degradation and frequent occurrence of pests and diseases. To solve these problems, agricultural researchers have been exploring new planting technologies and methods.

[0003] Currently, although there are some existing technologies for infertile land improvement and crop intercropping, these technologies often have problems such as complex operation, high cost, and limited effects. For example, some improvement technologies require a large amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide input, which not only increases the planting cost but also may cause environmental pollution. And some intercropping technologies, due to the mutual competition and inhibition between crops, result in an insignificant increase in yield and may even cause new pest and disease problems.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed a method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa on infertile land to solve the problems raised in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa on infertile land to solve the problems such as complex operation, high cost, and limited effects in the existing technology. For example, some improvement technologies require a large amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide input, which not only increases the planting cost but also may cause environmental pollution. And some intercropping technologies, due to the mutual competition and inhibition between crops, result in an insignificant increase in yield and may even cause new pest and disease problems.

[0006] A method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa on infertile land includes:

[0007] S1. Select triticale and alfalfa varieties suitable for the local environment

[0008] S2. During September to October, deeply plow the planting land by 25 - 30 cm, mix triticale seeds and alfalfa seeds in a ratio of 7:1 evenly, spray an appropriate amount of water on the seed surface to wet it for standby, use a wheat seeder to sow with a row spacing of 12 - 15 cm and a sowing depth of 2 - 3 cm, and apply 5 - 7 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as seed fertilizer;

[0009] S3. Harvest triticale at different times according to the utilization purpose, and continue to leave alfalfa to grow after harvesting;

[0010] S4. Conduct field management such as timely irrigation, pest and disease monitoring, fertilization, weeding, and mowing for forage triticale and alfalfa.

[0011] Preferably, the triticale varieties are selected from Thunder God, Youneng, and Zhongsi 1048, and the alfalfa varieties are selected from alfalfa WL366, WL440, Zhongmu No. 1, and Xinmu No. 5.

[0012] Preferably, the seeding rates of the triticale seeds and alfalfa seeds are 18 - 20 kg / mu and 2.5 - 3 kg / mu respectively.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, before seed selection, soil testing is carried out to analyze soil components, pH value, and fertility conditions, and more suitable triticale and alfalfa varieties are selected according to the test results to ensure that the crops can make full use of soil resources.

[0014] Preferably, the specific description of step S1: Select varieties with high yield, stress resistance, and pest and disease resistance traits for planting to ensure that the crops can maintain good growth conditions even on barren land.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, after deep plowing the soil, targeted soil improvement treatments are carried out according to the soil type; for barren land, organic fertilizers such as cow dung are preferably used as base fertilizers to increase soil organic matter content and fertility; if it is sandy soil, water-retaining agents and microbial fertilizers are additionally used to improve the water-retaining capacity and fertility of the soil; at the same time, soil disinfection treatment is carried out, and an environment-friendly soil disinfectant is used to kill pathogenic bacteria and pest eggs in the soil; in addition, seed coating treatment is carried out, and a seed coating agent containing fungicides and growth regulators is used to improve the disease resistance and germination rate of the seeds.

[0016] Preferably, before sowing, soil nutrient testing is carried out to understand the content and ratio of various nutrient elements in the soil, so as to formulate a personalized fertilization plan. Through testing, the staff can accurately master the soil fertility conditions and adjust the fertilization plan according to the test results. In addition to applying 5 - 7 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as seed fertilizer, appropriate amounts of microbial fertilizers and trace element fertilizers such as zinc and boron are also added according to the soil test results to meet the nutrient element requirements of the crops at different growth stages. This precise fertilization method not only improves fertilizer utilization efficiency but also reduces resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0017] Preferably, in step S4, the irrigation includes using an intelligent irrigation system to conduct precise irrigation according to soil humidity and crop growth requirements to avoid water resource waste;

[0018] The pest and disease monitoring includes installing pest and disease monitoring equipment to monitor the pest and disease situation in the crop growth environment in real time. Once pests and diseases are found, control measures are immediately taken, including using biological pesticides or natural enemy control, etc.;

[0019] The fertilization includes timely using growth regulators during the growth process of crops, including foliar fertilizers, auxins, etc., to promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes: establishing a crop growth database to record key information such as sowing, irrigation, fertilization, and pest control.

[0021] Preferably, after establishing the crop growth database, the clustering analysis algorithm is used to deeply analyze and mine the data.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. By interplanting suitable varieties of triticale and alfalfa for the local environment, the present invention makes full use of the growth characteristics and complementary advantages of the two crops; triticale is characterized by being tolerant to barrenness and resistant to pests and diseases, while alfalfa has a nitrogen-fixing effect, can improve the soil structure, and increase soil fertility; this interplanting method not only improves the land utilization rate but also realizes the mutual promotion between crops, thus significantly increasing the yield.

[0024] 2. Through fine field management measures, including timely irrigation, pest monitoring, precise fertilization, etc., the present invention ensures the healthy growth of crops; especially by using an intelligent irrigation system and pest monitoring equipment, it realizes the real-time monitoring and precise control of the crop growth environment, effectively avoiding the waste of water resources and the outbreak of pests and diseases.

[0025] 3. The present invention also establishes a crop growth database and uses big data and artificial intelligence technologies to analyze and mine these data; this not only provides a scientific basis for future planting decisions but also helps to further optimize the planting plan, improve the yield and quality; at the same time, by deeply analyzing and mining the data through the clustering analysis algorithm, the potential laws and trends of crop growth are also discovered, providing richer data support for agricultural scientific research. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa on barren land of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The following further describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa on barren land, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0029] S1. Select suitable varieties of triticale and alfalfa for the local environment;

[0030] S2. During September to October, deeply plow the planting plot to a depth of 25 - 30 cm. Mix the triticale seeds and alfalfa seeds evenly at a ratio of 7:1. Spray an appropriate amount of water on the seed surface to wet it for standby. Use a wheat seeder to sow with a row spacing of 12 - 15 cm, and control the sowing depth at 2 - 3 cm. Apply 5 - 7 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as seed fertilizer.

[0031] S3. Harvest the triticale at different times according to the utilization purpose. After harvesting, continue to let the alfalfa grow.

[0032] S4. Conduct field management such as timely irrigation, pest and disease monitoring, fertilization, weeding, and mowing for the forage triticale and alfalfa.

[0033] As can be seen from the above, through selecting crop varieties suitable for the local environment, deeply plowing the soil and treating the seeds, sowing and fertilizing reasonably, and implementing fine field management measures, the efficient utilization of barren land is achieved. This method not only improves the land utilization rate and crop yield, but also reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases through intercropping and fine management, improves the soil structure, increases the soil fertility, and saves water resources and fertilizer input, providing strong support for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0034] Furthermore, the triticale varieties are selected from Thunder God, Youneng, and Zhongsi 1048, and the alfalfa varieties are selected from Alfalfa WL366, WL440, Zhongmu 1, and Xinmu 5.

[0035] Furthermore, the sowing rates of the triticale seeds and alfalfa seeds are 18 - 20 kg / mu and 2.5 - 3 kg / mu respectively.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S1, before seed selection, conduct soil testing, analyze the soil composition, pH value, and fertility status, and select more suitable triticale and alfalfa varieties according to the test results to ensure that the crops can make full use of soil resources.

[0037] As can be seen from the above, by conducting soil testing and selecting more suitable triticale and alfalfa varieties according to the test results, it can ensure that the crops can fully adapt to and utilize soil resources, thereby improving the growth efficiency and yield of the crops. Through a comprehensive analysis of the soil composition, pH value, and fertility status, growers can select suitable crop varieties more scientifically and accurately, enabling the crops to thrive in the best growth environment, and thus achieving the efficient utilization of barren land and the sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0038] Furthermore, the specific description of step S1: Select varieties with excellent traits such as high yield, stress resistance, and pest and disease resistance for planting; this ensures that the crops can maintain a good growth state on barren land.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, selecting varieties with excellent traits such as high yield, stress resistance, and pest and disease resistance for planting can significantly improve the adaptability and growth performance of crops on infertile land, thereby increasing land utilization rate and agricultural production efficiency, providing a strong guarantee for the effective utilization of infertile land and the high and stable yield of crops.

[0040] Furthermore, in step S2, after deep plowing the soil, targeted soil improvement treatments are carried out according to the soil type; for infertile land, organic fertilizers are preferably used as base fertilizers to increase the soil organic matter content and fertility; if it is sandy soil, water-retaining agents and bacterial fertilizers are additionally used to improve the water-retaining capacity and fertility of the soil; at the same time, soil disinfection treatment is carried out, and an environment-friendly soil disinfectant is used to kill pathogenic bacteria and pest eggs in the soil; in addition, seed coating treatment is carried out, and a seed coating agent containing fungicides and growth regulators is used to improve the disease resistance and germination rate of seeds.

[0041] As can be seen from the above, carrying out disinfection treatment after deep plowing the soil and using an environment-friendly disinfectant, as well as carrying out seed coating treatment on seeds, can significantly reduce the incidence of pests and diseases and improve the disease resistance and germination rate of seeds; by killing pathogenic bacteria and pest eggs in the soil, a healthier soil environment is created for crop growth; at the same time, the seed coating agent containing fungicides and growth regulators can enhance the self-protection ability of seeds, promote the rapid and healthy germination of seeds, lay a solid foundation for subsequent crop growth, and thus ensure the success and high efficiency of the intercropping of triticale and alfalfa on infertile land.

[0042] Even further, before sowing, soil nutrient testing is carried out to understand the content and proportion of various nutrient elements in the soil, so as to formulate a personalized fertilization plan. Through testing, the staff can accurately master the soil fertility situation and adjust the fertilization plan according to the test results. In addition to applying 5 - 7 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as seed fertilizer, appropriate amounts of bacterial fertilizers and trace element fertilizers such as zinc and boron will also be added according to the soil test results to meet the nutrient element requirements of crops at different growth stages. This precise fertilization method not only improves the fertilizer utilization rate but also reduces resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, carrying out soil nutrient testing before sowing and formulating a personalized fertilization plan according to the test results can achieve precise fertilization, greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate; by adjusting the fertilization plan, it not only ensures that crops obtain necessary macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium but also supplements trace elements such as zinc and boron, thus comprehensively meeting the nutritional requirements of crop growth. This fertilization method helps crops grow and develop better on infertile land, increases yield and quality, while reducing fertilizer waste and environmental pollution, and promotes the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S4, the irrigation includes using an intelligent irrigation system to perform precise irrigation according to soil humidity and crop growth requirements, avoiding waste of water resources;

[0045] The pest and disease monitoring includes installing pest and disease monitoring equipment to monitor the pest and disease situation in the crop growth environment in real time. Once pests and diseases are detected, control measures are immediately taken, including using biological pesticides or natural enemy control, etc.;

[0046] The fertilization includes using growth regulators, including foliar fertilizers, auxins, etc., in a timely manner according to the growth situation during the crop growth process to promote the healthy growth of the crop.

[0047] As can be seen from the above, by implementing management measures such as precise irrigation, real-time monitoring of pests and diseases and taking control measures, and using growth regulators in a timely manner according to the crop growth situation, the utilization efficiency of water resources can be significantly improved, the occurrence of pests and diseases can be effectively controlled and prevented, and at the same time, the healthy growth of the crop can be promoted; this method not only helps to improve the yield and quality of the crop, but also reduces the dependence on chemical pesticides and water, reduces the impact of agricultural production on the environment, and promotes the development of agriculture towards a more green and sustainable direction.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes: establishing a crop growth database to record key information such as sowing, irrigation, fertilization, and pest and disease control.

[0049] Furthermore, after establishing the crop growth database, the clustering analysis algorithm is used to deeply analyze and mine the data. The formula of the clustering analysis algorithm includes:

[0050]

[0051] where C i represents the i-th cluster, μ i represents the centroid of the i-th cluster, x represents the data point, and ||x - μ i || 2 represents the square of the Euclidean distance from the data point to the centroid.

[0052] As can be seen from the above, after establishing the crop growth database, using the clustering analysis algorithm to deeply analyze and mine the data can more effectively reveal the internal laws and patterns in the crop growth data; through clustering analysis, similar data points can be grouped into the same category, thereby helping growers identify and understand the crop performance under different growth conditions; this clustering analysis algorithm optimizes the clustering results by calculating the square of the Euclidean distance from the data point to the centroid, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data, providing strong support for precision agriculture and intelligent decision-making, and helping to promote the refinement and high efficiency of agricultural production.

[0053] Furthermore, a method of intercropping triticale with alfalfa on barren land in an embodiment was compared with the current methods of barren land improvement and crop intercropping (comparative examples) in terms of effects, and the following table was obtained:

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from the above table, a method of intercropping triticale with alfalfa on barren land in the embodiment shows significant advantages over the current methods of barren land improvement and crop intercropping in terms of soil treatment, fertilization management, irrigation management, pest and disease monitoring and control, data collection and analysis, land use efficiency, environmental impact, and sustainability.

[0057] Working principle: By selecting triticale and alfalfa varieties suitable for the local environment, using gene sequencing technology to ensure excellent crop traits, deep plowing, disinfecting the soil, and seed coating treatment are carried out to optimize the soil environment and improve the seed germination rate; a personalized fertilization plan is formulated based on the results of soil nutrient tests to achieve precise fertilization; during the growth process of the crops, fine management measures such as intelligent irrigation, real-time pest and disease monitoring, and timely use of growth regulators are adopted; and a crop growth database is established, and the data is mined using big data and clustering analysis algorithms to provide a scientific basis for optimizing future planting decisions, so as to achieve efficient intercropping of triticale and alfalfa on barren land.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa on barren land, characterized in that: include: S1. Select triticale and alfalfa varieties suitable for the local environment; S2. From September to October, the soil of the planting plot was ploughed to 25-30 cm, and triticale seeds and alfalfa seeds were mixed evenly in a ratio of 7:

1. The surface of the seeds was sprayed with an appropriate amount of water to wet them for later use. A wheat seeder was used to sow the seeds at a row spacing of 12-15 cm, and the sowing depth was controlled to 2-3 cm. 5-7 kg of diammonium phosphate was used as seed fertilizer per mu; S3. Harvest triticale at different times according to the purpose of use, and continue to grow alfalfa after harvesting; S4. Carry out timely irrigation, pest and disease monitoring, fertilization, weeding and mowing management for forage rye and alfalfa.

2. A method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa in barren land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, before seed selection, soil testing is performed to analyze soil composition, pH value and fertility, and more suitable rye and alfalfa varieties are selected according to the test results to ensure that crops can fully utilize soil resources.

3. A method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa in barren land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Specific description of step S1: Select varieties with high yield, stress resistance, and disease and pest resistance for planting to ensure that crops can maintain good growth even on barren land.

4. The method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa in barren land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, after deep tillage, targeted soil improvement treatment is performed according to the soil type; for barren land, organic fertilizer is preferably used as base fertilizer to increase the soil organic matter content and fertility; if it is sandy soil, water retaining agent and bacterial fertilizer are additionally used to improve the soil's water retention capacity and fertility; at the same time, soil disinfection treatment is performed, and environmentally friendly soil disinfectant is used to kill pathogens and pest eggs in the soil; in addition, seeds are coated with seed coating agents containing fungicides and growth regulators to improve the seeds' disease resistance and germination rate.

5. A method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa on barren land as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Before sowing, soil nutrient tests are conducted to understand the content and proportion of various nutrients in the soil, so as to develop personalized fertilization plans. Through testing, staff can accurately grasp the soil fertility and adjust the fertilization plan according to the test results. In addition to 5-7kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as seed fertilizer, appropriate amounts of bacterial fertilizers and zinc and boron trace element fertilizers will be added according to soil test results to meet the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages.

6. A method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa on barren land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the irrigation includes using an intelligent irrigation system to perform precise irrigation according to soil moisture and crop growth requirements to avoid wasting water resources; The pest monitoring includes installing pest monitoring equipment to monitor the pest situation in the crop growth environment in real time, and taking immediate control measures once pests are found, including using biological pesticides or natural enemies for control; The fertilization includes using growth regulators, including foliar fertilizers and growth hormones, in a timely manner according to the growth conditions of crops during their growth process to promote the healthy growth of crops.

7. A method for interplanting triticale and alfalfa in barren land according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: Establish a crop growth database to record information on sowing, irrigation, fertilization, and pest and disease control.

8. The method for intercropping triticale and alfalfa in barren land according to any one of claim 7, characterized in that: After establishing the crop growth database, cluster analysis algorithms are used to conduct in-depth analysis and mining of the data.

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