Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive for livestock and poultry and preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive

Abstract

The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive for livestock and poultry and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed. The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive for livestock and poultry. The feed additive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of composite slurry, 3-8 parts of multivitamins, 2-6 parts of functional amino acid, 1-5 parts of an enzyme preparation, 1-5 parts of organic acid, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, 1-5 parts of antibacterial peptide, 1-5 parts of oleoresin, 4-6 parts of sodium diacetate and 1-3 parts of baking soda, the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule is prepared by carrying out supercritical fluid extraction on Chinese herbal medicines and then carrying out spray drying on the Chinese herbal medicines and a wall material solution, the composite slurry is obtained by mixing and boiling pine needle powder, egg white and water; the oleoresin is extracted from black pepper. The prepared feed additive can effectively improve the feed intake and production performance of livestock and poultry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and in particular relates to a Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive for livestock and poultry and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Feed additives refer to small or trace substances added during the production, processing and use of feed. These substances can significantly enhance the nutritional value of basic feed, improve the production performance of animals, ensure animal health, and save feed costs. In modern livestock and poultry farming, in order to increase growth rate and disease resistance, many farmers choose to use antibiotics as feed additives. This use method has promoted the growth of livestock and poultry to a certain extent and improved feed utilization. However, many antibiotics are also used as growth promoters, which has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance not only affects the healthy development of livestock and poultry farming, but also poses a serious threat to human health. Resistant bacteria can be transmitted to humans through the food chain, resulting in an increase in the content of resistant bacteria in food, thereby threatening human health. In hospitals, communities, homes and other environments, resistant bacteria can also be transmitted through contact, causing humans to be infected with difficult-to-cure resistant bacteria.

[0003] Feed additives have the functions of improving the nutritional properties of feed, increasing the utilization rate of feed, promoting animal growth and preventing diseases, and reducing the loss of nutrients during feed storage. Feed additives are an indispensable part of feed. Studies have found that fermented natural plant raw materials have a variety of biological functions and advantages, such as no toxic side effects, difficulty in developing drug resistance, no residue and no pollution. In animal production, fermented natural plant raw materials have been widely used. For example, fermented natural plant raw materials can be used as feed additives to improve the production performance and meat quality of livestock and poultry; fermented natural plant raw materials can also be used in aquaculture to promote the growth of aquatic animals and improve disease resistance; in addition, fermented natural plant raw materials can also be used to treat intestinal diseases of animals and improve immunity. These application examples prove the remarkable effect of fermented natural plant raw materials in animal production.

[0004] With the large-scale and intensive development of livestock and poultry farming, the breeding density of poultry is getting higher and higher, which leads to the deterioration of the indoor environment and the increase of the possibility of poultry stress and disease. Therefore, a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry and a preparation method thereof are developed to solve the technical problems of poor growth performance of poultry and abuse of antibiotics in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of poor growth performance of poultry and abuse of antibiotics in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry consists of the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of compound Chinese herbal microcapsules, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of composite slurry, 3-8 parts of multivitamins, 2-6 parts of functional amino acids, 1-5 parts of enzyme preparations, 1-5 parts of organic acids, 1-5 parts of Lactobacillus paracasei, 1-5 parts of antimicrobial peptides, 1-5 parts of oleoresin, 4-6 parts of sodium diacetate and 1-3 parts of baking soda, wherein the compound Chinese herbal microcapsules are prepared by extracting Chinese herbal medicines with supercritical fluid and then spray-drying them with a wall material solution; the composite slurry is obtained by mixing and boiling pine needle powder, egg white and water; and the oleoresin is extracted from black pepper.

[0008] The multivitamin is one or more of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, folic acid, niacin and calcium pantothenate; the functional amino acid is one or more of lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan; the enzyme preparation is one or more of amylase, protease, cellulase and xylanase; the organic acid is one or more of fumaric acid, oleanolic acid, aspartic acid and citric acid; preferably, the organic acid is a mixture of fumaric acid and oleanolic acid in a mass ratio of 1: (1.5-2); the Lactobacillus paracasei was purchased from Peptide Love Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the antimicrobial peptide was purchased from Wuhan Jixin Yibang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the baking soda was purchased from Jinan Yufeng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials: washing honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric with water, drying them in an oven, crushing and sieving them to obtain seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders;

[0011] (2) Supercritical fluid extraction: The seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders were respectively placed in the extraction kettle for supercritical fluid extraction. The parameters were set and the high-pressure pump was started to extract CO. 2 Pressurize to the set pressure, heat the extraction kettle and entrainer to the set temperature, and turn on the CO 2 fluid, extracts to obtain an extract; the extract is removed from the extraction kettle by CO 2 The fluid is taken out and enters the separator, where it is cooled and depressurized, CO 2 The gas is discharged from the top of the separator to obtain seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates;

[0012] (3) CO recovery 2: CO discharged from the top of the separator 2 The gas passes through the condenser, where it is cooled by low temperature to obtain liquid CO 2 , liquid CO 2 The recovered CO is collected by the collector and re-pressurized to the supercritical pressure by the pump. 2 ;

[0013] (4) Evaporation purification: the seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates are placed in a distillation tower respectively, the evaporation temperature is set, the concentrates are collected, and spray-dried respectively to obtain seven kinds of purified Chinese herbal medicine particles, which are then mixed according to proportion to obtain core material particles;

[0014] (5) Encapsulation: Weigh gelatin and dissolve it in deionized water, stir to obtain a wall material solution; put the core material particles into a fluidized bed device, spray the wall material solution evenly on the flowing core material particles through a nozzle, and quickly dry to obtain a crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule; collect the crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule through a separator, and dry it through a dryer to obtain a compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule.

[0015] Furthermore, the Chinese herbal medicines in step (1) are honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric, the drying temperature is 60-65°C, the drying time is 48-72h, and the powder is sieved to 200-400 mesh; the extraction pressure of honeysuckle in step (2) is 25-30MPa, the extraction temperature is 50-60°C, the concentration of entrainer is 2-3%, and CO 2 The flow rate is 2-3L / min, the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of Pueraria root is 30-35MPa, the extraction temperature is 60-70℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, CO 2 The flow rate is 3-4L / min, the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of Forsythia suspensa is 20-25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-50℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, CO 2 The flow rate is 2-3L / min, the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of licorice is 35-40MPa, the extraction temperature is 70-80℃, the concentration of entrainer is 2-3%, CO 2 The flow rate is 3-4L / min, the extraction time is 3-4h; the extraction pressure of Coptis chinensis is 30-35MPa, the extraction temperature is 50-60℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, CO 2 The flow rate is 2-3L / min, the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of mulberry leaves is 25-30MPa, the extraction temperature is 50-60℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, CO 2 The flow rate is 2-3L / min, the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of turmeric is 30-35MPa, the extraction temperature is 60-70℃, the concentration of entrainer is 2-3%, CO2 The flow rate is 3-4L / min, the extraction time is 3-4h, the entrainer is ethanol, cooled to between -10°C and 0°C, the cooling time is maintained at 5-20min, the pressure reduction rate is 0.1-0.5MPa / min, and the pressure is reduced to 4-6MPa; the temperature of low-temperature cooling in step (3) is between -78°C and -180°C, and the pressure of the pump re-pressurization is 70-300bar; the evaporation temperature in step (4) is 90-95°C, the inlet temperature of spray drying is 160-200°C, the outlet temperature is 70-90°C, the spray pressure is 1-3bar, the spray speed is 1-5mL / min, the hot air flow rate is 0.5-1.5m / s, the drying time is 10-30s, and seven kinds of purified Chinese herbal medicine granules are obtained. The particles are mixed according to the mass ratio of honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric of 10-15:2-6:5-10:5-10:4-8:3-4:5-10, and the size of the core material particles is 50-500μm; the mass concentration of the wall material solution in step (5) is 1-10wt%, the mass volume ratio of the core material particles to the wall material solution is 1:10-15g / mL, the hot air fluidization temperature is 50-80℃, the nozzle flow rate is 1-5mL / min, the hot air temperature is 50-80℃, the hot air flow rate is 1-3m / s, the embedding time is 30-60min, the dryer drying temperature is 40-60℃, the drying time is 2-4h, and the water content of the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule is less than 5%.

[0016] The Chinese herbal medicine honeysuckle has a wide range of antibacterial effects, can promote bile secretion, stop bleeding, increase white blood cells and resist viruses. It tastes sweet and is cold in nature. It has a good effect on wind-heat colds, fever caused by febrile diseases, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, as well as protecting the liver, promoting bile secretion, removing wind and dredging collaterals; Pueraria root has the effects of relieving muscles and reducing fever, promoting body fluid, promoting rash, raising yang and stopping diarrhea, and can be used to treat exogenous fever, heat dysentery and diarrhea; Forsythia has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and relieving pain; Licorice has the effects of tonifying the spleen and replenishing qi, removing phlegm and relieving cough, harmonizing the middle and relieving urgency, detoxifying and harmonizing various medicines; Coptis chinensis has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, and has a good effect on preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases; mulberry leaves have the effects of evacuating wind-heat, clearing the lungs and moisturizing dryness, clearing the liver and improving eyesight, etc., and mulberry leaves are also rich in various nutrients and physiologically active substances, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phytosterols, etc.; Turmeric has the effects of breaking blood and promoting qi, dredge menstruation and relieving pain, and adding turmeric to animal feed can help improve blood circulation and relieve pain in animals.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for preparing the oleoresin comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Wash and dry the black pepper, then grind it through a mesh sieve using a grinder to obtain clean and dry black pepper powder;

[0019] S2, mixing clean and dry black pepper powder and anhydrous ethanol evenly, stirring, filtering and collecting the filtrate to obtain black pepper extract A;

[0020] S3, transferring the black pepper extract A to a vacuum distillation kettle for distillation to obtain an oil-water mixture B;

[0021] S4. Separate the oil-water mixture B, take the upper layer, and obtain the oleoresin.

[0022] Furthermore, S1 is sieved with a mesh size of 150-250; the mass volume ratio of black pepper powder to anhydrous ethanol in S2 is 10-15:20-30 g / mL, the stirring speed is 400-600 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-3 h; the distillation time in S3 is 2-3 h, the pressure of the vacuum distillation kettle is 0.05-0.07 MPa, the distillation temperature is 50-70° C., and the condensed water temperature is 15-25° C.

[0023] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry comprises the following steps:

[0024] M1. Prepare composite slurry: wash and dry the pine needles, crush them with a grinder and sieve them to obtain pine needle powder; mix the pine needle powder, egg white and water evenly, boil them on an induction cooker, and cool them to obtain composite slurry;

[0025] M2. Preliminary mixing: Mix and stir bentonite, minerals, multivitamins, functional amino acids, enzyme preparations, sodium diacetate, baking soda, antimicrobial peptides, oleoresin and composite slurry, and then extrude and granulate, dry, cool, and sterilize by irradiation to obtain composite feed additive granules;

[0026] M3. Final mixing: Mix and stir the compound feed additive granules and the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive.

[0027] Furthermore, M1 is sieved through a 70-90 mesh sieve, the dosage ratio of pine needle powder, egg white and water is 40-60:8-12:25-35, the power of the induction cooker is 700-900 W, the boiling time is 15-25 min, and the mixture is cooled to 25-35°C; the mixing and stirring time in M2 is 10-25 min, the particle size of the extrusion granulation is 1-2.2 mm, the drying temperature is 65-80°C, and the drying time is 10-12 h; the mixing and stirring time in M3 is 20-25 min.

[0028] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. The present invention helps to enhance the immune function of livestock and poultry, reduce the incidence of diseases, and improve production performance by adding Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules, multivitamins, functional amino acids, enzyme preparations and other ingredients. The addition of organic acids, enzyme preparations, multivitamins and other ingredients helps to enhance intestinal health, promote feed digestion and absorption, improve feed utilization, and reduce feed waste. The addition of bentonite and composite slurry can improve the physical properties of feed, improve the palatability and stability of feed, and increase the feed intake of livestock and poultry. The addition of antimicrobial peptides, Lactobacillus paracasei, sodium diacetate and baking soda can improve the anti-stress ability of livestock and poultry and reduce stress reactions caused by factors such as environmental changes, transportation, and high stocking density.

[0030] 2. The present invention uses supercritical fluid extraction technology to effectively extract active ingredients from Chinese herbal medicines, and prepares them into microcapsules through spray drying, which can protect the active ingredients from the influence of the external environment, thereby improving their stability and bioavailability. In addition, the microencapsulation technology allows the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines to exist in the form of particles, which is convenient for precise dosing and dosage control in feed, ensuring that livestock and poultry ingest an appropriate amount of Chinese herbal medicine ingredients and avoiding negative effects caused by excessive or insufficient intake.

[0031] 3. The present invention mixes pine needle powder, egg white and water and boils them to obtain a composite slurry, which is rich in nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and amino acids. The protein in the egg white is easy to digest and absorb, and can provide a high-quality protein source for livestock and poultry, and can provide more comprehensive nutrition for livestock and poultry. Further, oleoresin is extracted from black pepper, which contains a variety of biologically active ingredients, such as volatile oils, terpenoids, etc., and has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other biological activities, thereby helping to enhance the immunity of livestock and poultry. In addition, the active ingredients in the composite slurry and oleoresin also contribute to the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of livestock and poultry, thereby improving the digestion and absorption capacity of livestock and poultry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] This embodiment discloses a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry, which is composed of the following weight components: 300g compound Chinese herbal microcapsules, 200g bentonite, 100g composite slurry, 10g vitamin A, 10g vitamin D3, 10g vitamin K3, 10g lysine, 10g tryptophan, 5g amylase, 5g cellulase, 5g fumaric acid, 5g oleanolic acid, 10g Lactobacillus paracasei, 10g antimicrobial peptide, 10g oleoresin, 40g sodium diacetate and 10g baking soda, wherein the compound Chinese herbal microcapsules are prepared by spray drying the Chinese herbal medicine with a wall material solution after supercritical fluid extraction; the composite slurry is obtained by mixing and boiling pine needle powder, egg white and water; the oleoresin is extracted from black pepper. The Lactobacillus paracasei was purchased from Peptide Love Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the antimicrobial peptide was purchased from Wuhan Jixin Yibang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; and the baking soda was purchased from Jinan Yufeng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0035] The preparation method of the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0036] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials: washing honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric with water, drying them in an oven at a temperature of 60° C. for 48 hours to obtain seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicines; crushing and sieving the clean and dry Chinese herbal medicines to 200 meshes to obtain seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders;

[0037] (2) Supercritical fluid extraction: The seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders were respectively placed in the extraction kettle for supercritical fluid extraction. The high-pressure pump was started and the CO 2 fluid, extracting to obtain an extract, wherein the extraction pressure when extracting honeysuckle is 25MPa, the extraction temperature is 50°C, the concentration of the entrainer is 2%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 2 L / min, the extraction time was 2 h, the extraction pressure during extraction of Pueraria root was 30 MPa, the extraction temperature was 60 °C, the concentration of entrainer was 1%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min, the extraction time was 2 h, the extraction pressure during the extraction of Forsythia suspensa was 20 MPa, the extraction temperature was 40 °C, the concentration of the entrainer was 1%, and the CO 2 The flow rate was 2 L / min, the extraction time was 2 h, the extraction pressure during licorice extraction was 35 MPa, the extraction temperature was 70 °C, the entrainer concentration was 2%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min, the extraction time was 3 h, the extraction pressure during extraction of Coptis chinensis was 30 MPa, the extraction temperature was 50 °C, the concentration of the entrainer was 1%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 2 L / min, the extraction time was 2 h, the extraction pressure during mulberry leaf extraction was 25 MPa, the extraction temperature was 50 °C, the entrainer concentration was 1%, and CO2 The flow rate was 2 L / min, the extraction time was 2 h, the extraction pressure during turmeric extraction was 30 MPa, the extraction temperature was 60 °C, the entrainer concentration was 2%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min and the extraction time was 3 h. The extract was removed from the extraction kettle by CO 2 The fluid is taken out and enters the separator, where it is cooled and depressurized to -10°C. The cooling time is maintained at 5 minutes, and the depressurization rate is 0.1 MPa / min. The pressure is reduced to 4 MPa, CO 2 The gas is discharged from the top of the separator to obtain seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates;

[0038] (3) CO recovery 2 : CO discharged from the top of the separator 2 The gas passes through the condenser and is cryogenically cooled in the condenser. The cryogenic cooling temperature is between -78°C to obtain liquid CO 2 , liquid CO 2 The recovered CO is collected by a collector and re-pressurized to 70 bar by a pump to obtain 2 ;

[0039] (4) Evaporation and purification: The seven Chinese herbal medicine concentrates were placed in a distillation tower at an evaporation temperature of 90°C, collected, and spray-dried respectively. The inlet temperature of the spray drying was 160°C, the outlet temperature was 70°C, the spray pressure was 1 bar, the spray speed was 1 mL / min, the hot air flow rate was 0.5 m / s, and the drying time was 10 s to obtain seven purified Chinese herbal medicine granules. 20 g of honeysuckle granules, 12 g of kudzu root granules, 10 g of forsythia suspensa granules, 10 g of liquorice granules, 8 g of coptis granules, 7 g of mulberry leaf granules, and 10 g of turmeric granules were mixed to obtain core material granules;

[0040] (5) Encapsulation: Weigh 10 g of gelatin and dissolve it in 1000 mL of deionized water, stir to obtain a wall material solution; put 67 g of core material particles into a fluidized bed device, and spray the wall material solution evenly on the flowing core material particles through a nozzle. The hot air fluidization temperature is 50°C, the nozzle flow rate is 1 mL / min, the hot air temperature is 50°C, the hot air flow rate is 1 m / s, the encapsulation time is 30 min, and quickly dry to obtain the crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules; collect the crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules through a separator, dry them in a dryer, the drying temperature of the dryer is 40°C, and the drying time is 2 h to obtain the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules.

[0041] The preparation method of oleoresin comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1, wash and dry the black pepper, and grind it through a 150-mesh sieve with a grinder to obtain clean and dry black pepper powder;

[0043] S2, 100g of clean and dry black pepper powder was evenly mixed with 200mL of anhydrous ethanol, and stirred at a speed of 400r / min for 1h. The filtrate was filtered to obtain black pepper extract A;

[0044] S3, the black pepper extract A is transferred to a vacuum distillation kettle for distillation, the distillation time is 2h, the pressure of the vacuum distillation kettle is 0.05MPa, the distillation temperature is 50°C, the condensed water temperature is 15°C, and an oil-water mixture B is obtained;

[0045] S4. Separate the oil-water mixture B, take the upper layer, and obtain the oleoresin.

[0046] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry, comprising the following steps:

[0047] M1. Preparation of composite slurry: Wash and dry the pine needles, grind them with a grinder, and pass them through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain pine needle powder; mix 400 g of pine needle powder, 80 g of egg white and 250 g of water, boil them on a 700 W induction cooker for 15 min, and cool them to 25° C. to obtain composite slurry;

[0048] M2. Preliminary mixing: Mix and stir bentonite, minerals, multivitamins, functional amino acids, enzyme preparations, sodium diacetate, baking soda, antimicrobial peptides, oleoresin and composite slurry for 10 minutes, then extrude 1 mm granules, dry at 65°C for 10 hours, cool, and sterilize by irradiation to obtain composite feed additive granules;

[0049] M3. Final mixing: Mix and stir the compound feed additive granules and the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules for 20 minutes to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] The present embodiment discloses a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry, which is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 500g of compound Chinese herbal microcapsules, 300g of bentonite, 200g of composite slurry, 10g of vitamin A, 10g of vitamin C, 10g of vitamin D3, 10g of vitamin E, 10g of vitamin B6, 10g of niacin, 10g of vitamin B12, 10g of folic acid, 10g of calcium pantothenate, 15g of lysine, 15g of methionine, 15g of threonine, 15g of color Acid, 10g amylase, 10g protease, 10g cellulase, 20g xylanase, 20g fumaric acid, 30g oleanolic acid, 50g Lactobacillus paracasei, 50g antimicrobial peptide, 50g oleoresin, 60g sodium diacetate and 30g baking soda, wherein the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules are prepared by spray drying the Chinese herbal medicine with the wall material solution after supercritical fluid extraction; the composite slurry is obtained by mixing and boiling pine needle powder, egg white and water; the oleoresin is extracted from black pepper. The Lactobacillus paracasei was purchased from Peptide Love Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the antimicrobial peptide was purchased from Wuhan Jixin Yibang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the baking soda was purchased from Jinan Yufeng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0052] The preparation method of the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0053] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials: washing honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric with water, drying them in an oven at a temperature of 65° C. for 72 h to obtain seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicines; crushing and sieving the clean and dry Chinese herbal medicines to 400 meshes to obtain seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders;

[0054] (2) Supercritical fluid extraction: The seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders were respectively placed in the extraction kettle for supercritical fluid extraction. The high-pressure pump was started and the CO 2 fluid, extracting to obtain an extract, wherein the extraction pressure when extracting honeysuckle is 30MPa, the extraction temperature is 60°C, the concentration of the entrainer is 3%, CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min, the extraction time was 3 h, the extraction pressure during extraction of Pueraria root was 35 MPa, the extraction temperature was 70 °C, the concentration of entrainer was 2%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 4 L / min, the extraction time was 3 h, the extraction pressure during the extraction of Forsythia suspensa was 25 MPa, the extraction temperature was 50 °C, the concentration of the entrainer was 2%, and the CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min, the extraction time was 3 h, the extraction pressure during licorice extraction was 40 MPa, the extraction temperature was 80 °C, the entrainer concentration was -3%, and CO 2The flow rate was 4 L / min, the extraction time was 4 h, the extraction pressure during extraction of Coptis chinensis was 35 MPa, the extraction temperature was 60 °C, the concentration of the entrainer was 2%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min, the extraction time was 3 h, the extraction pressure during mulberry leaf extraction was 30 MPa, the extraction temperature was 60 °C, the entrainer concentration was 2%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 3 L / min, the extraction time was 3 h, the extraction pressure during turmeric extraction was 35 MPa, the extraction temperature was 70 °C, the entrainer concentration was 3%, and CO 2 The flow rate was 4 L / min and the extraction time was 4 h. The extract was removed from the extraction kettle by CO 2 The fluid is taken out and enters the separator, where it is cooled and depressurized to 0°C, the cooling time is maintained at 20 minutes, the depressurization rate is 0.5 MPa / min, and the pressure is reduced to 6 MPa. 2 The gas is discharged from the top of the separator to obtain seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates;

[0055] (3) CO recovery 2 : CO discharged from the top of the separator 2 The gas passes through the condenser and is cryogenically cooled in the condenser. The cryogenic cooling temperature is between -180℃ to obtain liquid CO 2 , liquid CO 2 The recovered CO is collected by a collector and re-pressurized to 300 bar by a pump to obtain the recovered CO 2 ;

[0056] (4) Evaporation and purification: The seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates were placed in a distillation tower respectively, and the evaporation temperature was 95°C. The concentrates were collected and spray-dried respectively. The inlet temperature of the spray drying was -200°C, the outlet temperature was 90°C, the spray pressure was 3 bar, the spray speed was 5 mL / min, the hot air flow rate was 1.5 m / s, and the drying time was 30 s to obtain seven kinds of purified Chinese herbal medicine granules. 30 g of honeysuckle granules, 10 g of kudzu root granules, 20 g of forsythia suspensa granules, 10 g of liquorice granules, 12 g of coptis granules, 8 g of mulberry leaf granules, and 10 g of turmeric granules were mixed to obtain core material granules;

[0057] (5) Encapsulation: Weigh 100 g of gelatin and dissolve it in 1000 mL of deionized water, stir to obtain a wall material solution; put 100 g of core material particles into a fluidized bed device, and spray the wall material solution evenly on the flowing core material particles through a nozzle. The hot air fluidization temperature is 80°C, the nozzle flow rate is 5 mL / min, the hot air temperature is 80°C, the hot air flow rate is 3 m / s, the encapsulation time is 60 min, and quickly dry to obtain a crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule; collect the crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule through a separator, dry it in a dryer, the drying temperature of the dryer is 60°C, and the drying time is 4 h to obtain a compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule.

[0058] The preparation method of oleoresin comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1, after washing and drying the black pepper, crush it with a grinder through a 150-250 mesh sieve to obtain clean and dry black pepper powder;

[0060] S2, 150g of clean and dry black pepper powder was evenly mixed with 300mL of anhydrous ethanol, stirred at a speed of 600r / min for 3h, and the filtrate was filtered to obtain black pepper extract A;

[0061] S3, the black pepper extract A is transferred to a vacuum distillation kettle for distillation, the distillation time is 3h, the pressure of the vacuum distillation kettle is 0.07MPa, the distillation temperature is 70°C, the condensed water temperature is 25°C, and an oil-water mixture B is obtained;

[0062] S4. Separate the oil-water mixture B, take the upper layer, and obtain the oleoresin.

[0063] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry, comprising the following steps:

[0064] M1. Preparation of composite slurry: Wash and dry the pine needles, grind them with a grinder, and pass them through a 70-90 mesh sieve to obtain pine needle powder; mix 600g of pine needle powder, 120g of egg white and 250g of water, boil them on a 700W induction cooker for 15min, and cool them to 25°C to obtain composite slurry;

[0065] M2. Preliminary mixing: Mix and stir bentonite, minerals, multivitamins, functional amino acids, enzyme preparations, sodium diacetate, baking soda, antimicrobial peptides, oleoresin and composite slurry for 25 minutes, then extrude into 2.2 mm granules, dry at 80°C for 12 hours, cool, and sterilize by irradiation to obtain composite feed additive granules;

[0066] M3. Final mixing: Mix and stir the compound feed additive granules and the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules for 25 minutes to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive.

[0067] Comparative Example 1:

[0068] Compared with Example 2, in Comparative Example 1, during the preparation of the Chinese herbal compound feed additive, no Chinese herbal medicine is added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0069] Comparative Example 2:

[0070] Compared with Example 2, in Comparative Example 1, during the preparation of the Chinese herbal compound feed additive, no composite slurry was added, and other conditions remained unchanged.

[0071] Comparative Example 3:

[0072] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, in the preparation process of the Chinese herbal compound feed additive in Comparative Example 1, no oleoresin is added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0073] Experimental example

[0074] The production performance test of the Chinese herbal compound feed additives prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was carried out:

[0075] First, the Chinese herbal compound feed additive prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 is added to laying hen feed, wherein the laying hen feed consists of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 10 kg of basic daily diet and 300 g of the Chinese herbal compound feed additive, to obtain laying hen feed containing the Chinese herbal compound feed additive prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0076] Then, 30 laying hens were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, each with 6 replicates, the pre-feeding period was 3 days, and the formal feeding days were 28 days. During the feeding process, the laying hens divided into 5 treatment groups were fed with laying hens feed prepared according to the Chinese herbal compound feed additives of the methods of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and all laying hens were fed three times a day (7:30 in the morning, 12:00 at noon, and 17:30 in the afternoon). During the breeding process, the chicken house was kept clean and well ventilated, disinfectant was sprayed regularly for protection and disinfection, excrement on the feces collecting board was cleaned regularly, and the feces were observed for abnormalities, and the growth and health of the test laying hens were closely observed. The fasting weight of the laying hens was weighed on the start day and the end day of the test, and the feed was cut off for 12 hours before weighing. After the test, the average feed intake, average egg weight and statistical egg production rate were calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0077] Table 1

[0078] Group Average feed intake (g / d) Average egg weight (g) Statistical egg production rate (%) Example 1 118 60 71 Example 2 127 61 78 Comparative Example 1 104 40 52 Comparative Example 2 108 47 54 Comparative Example 3 110 50 60

[0079] From the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that the laying hen feed prepared by Examples 1-5 of the present invention has excellent production performance. From the comparison between Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the addition of Chinese herbal medicine can make the prepared laying hen feed have excellent production performance; from the comparison between Comparative Example 2 and Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the addition of composite slurry can make the prepared laying hen feed have excellent production performance; from the comparison between Comparative Example 3 and Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the addition of oleoresin can make the prepared laying hen feed have excellent production performance.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0081] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of composite slurry, 3-8 parts of multivitamins, 2-6 parts of functional amino acids, 1-5 parts of enzyme preparations, 1-5 parts of organic acids, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, 1-5 parts of antimicrobial peptides, 1-5 parts of oleoresin, 4-6 parts of sodium diacetate and 1-3 parts of baking soda, wherein the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules are prepared by extracting Chinese herbal medicine with supercritical fluid and then spray-drying with a wall material solution; the composite slurry is obtained by mixing and boiling pine needle powder, egg white and water; and the oleoresin is extracted from black pepper.

2. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multivitamin is one or more of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, folic acid, niacin and calcium pantothenate; the functional amino acid is one or more of lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan; the enzyme preparation is one or more of amylase, protease, cellulase and xylanase; the organic acid is one or more of fumaric acid, oleanolic acid, aspartic acid and citric acid.

3. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule comprises the following steps: (1) Pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials: washing honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric with water, drying them in an oven, crushing and sieving them to obtain seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders; (2) Supercritical fluid extraction: seven kinds of clean and dry Chinese herbal medicine powders are respectively loaded into extraction kettles for supercritical fluid extraction in sequence, parameters are set, high-pressure pumps are started, CO2 is pressurized to the set pressure, the extraction kettle and entrainer are heated to the set temperature, CO2 fluid is turned on, extraction is performed, and extracts are obtained; the extracts are taken out of the extraction kettle by the CO2 fluid and enter the separator, where they are cooled and depressurized, and CO2 gas is discharged from the top of the separator to obtain seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates; (3) CO2 recovery: The CO2 gas discharged from the top of the separator is passed through a condenser, where it is cryogenically cooled to obtain liquid CO2, which is then collected by a collector and re-pressurized to a supercritical pressure by a pump to obtain recovered CO2; (4) Evaporation purification: the seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicine concentrates are placed in a distillation tower respectively, the evaporation temperature is set, the concentrates are collected, and spray-dried respectively to obtain seven kinds of purified Chinese herbal medicine particles, which are then mixed according to proportion to obtain core material particles; (5) Encapsulation: Weigh gelatin and dissolve it in deionized water, stir to obtain a wall material solution; put the core material particles into a fluidized bed device, spray the wall material solution evenly on the flowing core material particles through a nozzle, and quickly dry to obtain a crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule; collect the crude compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule through a separator, and dry it through a dryer to obtain a compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsule.

4. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Chinese herbal medicines in step (1) are honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric, the drying temperature is 60-65°C, the drying time is 48-72h, and the powder is sieved to 200-400 mesh; in step (2), the extraction pressure of honeysuckle is 25-30MPa, the extraction temperature is 50-60°C, the concentration of entrainer is 2-3%, the CO2 flow rate is 2-3L / min, and the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of kudzu root .... The extraction pressure of forsythia is 20-25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-50℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, the CO2 flow rate is 2-3L / min, and the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of licorice is 35-40MPa, the extraction temperature is 70-8 0℃, the concentration of entrainer is 2-3%, the CO2 flow rate is 3-4L / min, and the extraction time is 3-4h; the extraction pressure of Coptis chinensis is 30-35MPa, the extraction temperature is 50-60℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, the CO2 flow rate is 2-3L / min, and the extraction time is 2-3h; the extraction pressure of mulberry leaf is 25-30MPa, the extraction temperature is 50-60℃, the concentration of entrainer is 1-2%, the CO2 flow rate is The extraction pressure of turmeric is 30-35MPa, the extraction temperature is 60-70℃, the concentration of the entrainer is 2-3%, the CO2 flow rate is 3-4L / min, the extraction time is 3-4h, the entrainer is ethanol, cooled to between -10℃ and 0℃, the cooling time is maintained at 5-20min, the pressure reduction rate is 0.1-0.5MPa / min, and the pressure is reduced to 4-6MPa.

5. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the temperature of low-temperature cooling is between -78°C and -180°C, and the pressure of the pump re-pressurization is 70-300 bar; in step (4), the evaporation temperature is 90-95°C, the inlet temperature of spray drying is 160-200°C, the outlet temperature is 70-90°C, the spray pressure is 1-3 bar, the spray speed is 1-5 mL / min, the hot air flow rate is 0.5-1.5 m / s, the drying time is 10-30 s, and the seven purified Chinese herbal medicine particles are mixed according to the mass ratio of honeysuckle, kudzu root, forsythia, liquorice, coptis root, mulberry leaf and turmeric of 10-15:2-6:5-10:5-10:4-8:3-4:5-10, and the size of the core material particles is 50-500 μm.

6. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (5), the mass concentration of the wall material solution is 1-10wt%, the mass volume ratio of the core material particles to the wall material solution is 1:10-15g / mL, the hot air fluidization temperature is 50-80°C, the nozzle flow rate is 1-5mL / min, the hot air temperature is 50-80°C, the hot air flow rate is 1-3m / s, the embedding time is 30-60min, the dryer drying temperature is 40-60°C, the drying time is 2-4h, and the water content of the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules is less than 5%.

7. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the oleoresin comprises the following steps: S1. Wash and dry the black pepper, then grind it through a mesh sieve using a grinder to obtain clean and dry black pepper powder; S2, mixing clean and dry black pepper powder and anhydrous ethanol evenly, stirring, filtering and collecting the filtrate to obtain black pepper extract A; S3, transferring the black pepper extract A to a vacuum distillation kettle for distillation to obtain an oil-water mixture B; S4. Separate the oil-water mixture B, take the upper layer, and obtain the oleoresin.

8. The Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 7, characterized in that: S1 is passed through a 150-250 mesh sieve; the mass volume ratio of black pepper powder to anhydrous ethanol in S2 is 10-15:20-30 g / mL, the stirring speed is 400-600 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-3 h; the distillation time in S3 is 2-3 h, the pressure of the vacuum distillation kettle is 0.05-0.07 MPa, the distillation temperature is 50-70° C., and the condensed water temperature is 15-25° C.

9. A method for preparing a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry, characterized in that: The steps include: M1. Prepare composite slurry: wash and dry the pine needles, crush them with a grinder and sieve them to obtain pine needle powder; mix the pine needle powder, egg white and water evenly, boil them on an induction cooker, and cool them to obtain composite slurry; M2. Preliminary mixing: Mix and stir bentonite, minerals, multivitamins, functional amino acids, enzyme preparations, sodium diacetate, baking soda, antimicrobial peptides, oleoresin and composite slurry, and then extrude and granulate, dry, cool, and sterilize by irradiation to obtain composite feed additive granules; M3. Final mixing: Mix and stir the compound feed additive granules and the compound Chinese herbal medicine microcapsules to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine compound feed additive.

10. The method for preparing a Chinese herbal compound feed additive for livestock and poultry according to claim 9, characterized in that: In M1, the sieve is 70-90 mesh, the ratio of pine needle powder, egg white and water is 40-60:8-12:25-35, the power of the induction cooker is 700-900W, the boiling time is 15-25min, and the mixture is cooled to 25-35℃; in M2, the mixing time is 10-25min, the particle size of the extruded granulation is 1-2.2mm, the drying temperature is 65-80℃, and the drying time is 10-12h; in M3, the mixing time is 20-25min.