Surgical tool for establishing bone tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to a rupture tool for surgical procedures and a rupture system comprising the rupture tool and a rupture movement generating device. The invention relates to a rupture tool and rupture system for use in the field of traumatology, in particular for creating bone tunnels suitable for the correct anatomical reconstruction of tendons and ligaments; for example, for creating bone tunnels in surgery of reinserting supraspinalis tendons of shoulder joint rotator sleeves or in surgery of reconstructing knee joint anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL).

Description

[0001] Object of the Invention

[0002] The present invention relates to a rupture tool for surgical operations and a rupture system including the rupture tool and a rupture motion generating device. The rupture tool and system are used in the field of traumatology, particularly for creating bone tunnels suitable for the correct anatomical reconstruction of tendons and ligaments; for example, for creating bone tunnels during the operation of reinserting the supraspinatus tendon of the rotator cuff of the shoulder joint or during the operation of reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint. Background Art

[0003] One of the most common injuries in the field of traumatology is the tearing of joint tendons and ligaments.

[0004] The most common tendon tear is the rotator cuff tendon tear, mainly the supraspinatus tendon. This injury is the main cause of shoulder joint instability, with an incidence of 20.7% in the general population, and the prevalence increases with age ("Prevalence and risk factors of a rotator cuff tear in the general population", Yamamoto A et al / J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010 Jan; 19(1):116-20).

[0005] In the operation of reconstructing the supraspinatus tendon, screws are often screwed into the humeral head. These screws are provided with sutures or suture tapes, and the sutures or suture tapes pass through the damaged end of the tendon so as to pull, reposition and fix it in the original insertion area.

[0006] In many cases, a problem that hinders the success of the reconstruction is that the screw with a suture only provides surface compression in the original insertion area of the tendon at the end of the tendon, and this area is reduced by the screw itself, thus hindering the healing process. If the tendon cannot heal, the operation is insufficient because the operation not only aims to reposition the tendon in the bone, but also aims to promote the tendon-bone healing process in order to correctly reconstruct the damaged tendon (Castagna et al. 2018, Arthroscopic Transosseous Rotator Cuff Repair).

[0007] Solving this problem requires creating an angled bone tunnel for the passage of the suture through minimally invasive surgery and carving the bone shell along the original insertion anatomical area for the insertion of the damaged end of the tendon and / or for the reinforcing tissue for repair, which cannot be accomplished by the flexible rupture tools in the current state of the art.

[0008] These breaking tools have a flexible shaft and a curved or angled trajectory, as disclosed in US 6,053,922, which describes a flexible breaking tool for reaming the medullary cavity in bone; or as described in US 6,322,565, for creating a blood supply channel in the femoral head. These flexible breaking tools and other similar breaking tools in the prior art allow for the creation of a curved or angled bone tunnel by moving from a first position to a second position along a specific milling direction.

[0009] However, when these breaking tools in the second position are to be used in a direction different from the initial milling direction, these breaking tools are difficult to operate because in this second position, the breaking elements lack the rigidity required to cut bone, which is necessary in the above tendon repair or restoration surgery.

[0010] In terms of ligaments, tears of the cruciate ligaments of the knee, mainly tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), are the most common tears and occur in patients of all ages.

[0011] In most cases, patients with an ACL tear must undergo surgery, including removal of the damaged ACL and replacement with an implant, with the two ends of the implant being implanted and fixed in bone tunnels in the tibia and femur respectively.

[0012] Like tendons, to achieve an anatomically significant ACL reconstruction, a system that can restore the original insertion area must be provided. Unfortunately, with the prior art, 80% of patients will develop osteoarthritis within 15 to 20 years after surgery.

[0013] To successfully restore the anatomical bone insertion of the original ACL, a solution is currently known, namely the solution that describes an arthroscopic guide that allows the creation of two or more consecutive bone tunnels, which are subsequently connected by a dilator. For example, document US2019 / 0192278 describes an arthroscopic guide that allows the creation of three consecutive bone tunnels, which are subsequently connected by a dilator.

[0014] However, the first problem with this multi-tunnel breaking system is that it cannot enter the tibia "from inside out", so the "all-inside" anatomical reconstruction technique of the cruciate ligament cannot be implemented. The second problem is that when entering the lateral femoral condyle through the medial portal, a sufficiently transverse femoral bone tunnel cannot be formed, so the torsional degree relative to the original ACL is lost. The consequences of the inability to fully restore the original ACL torsional biomechanics have been widely described in the literature: rotational instability of the knee joint and mid-term degenerative arthritis.

[0015] The way to solve this problem is to create a bone tunnel for the suture to pass through and to carve a bone shell along the original insertion anatomical area for inserting an implant for reconstructing the damaged ligament, which is impossible to achieve with the flexible rupture tool using the above-mentioned prior art.

[0016] The document WO 2008 / 096363A2 describes a bone drill for creating bone tunnels of two diameters.

[0017] Therefore, in view of these problems, there is a need to provide a rupture tool that, when used in minimally invasive surgery, allows carving a bone shell along the original anatomical area where the reconstructed tendons and ligaments are inserted. Summary of the Invention

[0018] The present invention provides a solution to the foregoing problems through a rupture tool for surgical operations according to claim 1 and a rupture system for surgical operations according to claims 17 and 18. The dependent claims define preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention provides a rupture tool for minimally invasive surgery for creating a bone tunnel suitable for correct anatomical reconstruction of tendons and ligaments, comprising:

[0020] A longitudinal body, which further comprises

[0021] A body oriented according to a first longitudinal axis; and

[0022] A distal tip connected to the body, including an opening oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis, the distal tip forming an inclined plane relative to the body;

[0023] Wherein the first longitudinal axis and at least one second longitudinal axis form an angle α greater than zero with each other, and wherein the first longitudinal axis and at least one second longitudinal axis are included in a first sagittal plane;

[0024] A rupture assembly, comprising:

[0025] A rupture element, including a first rupture axis, and configured to receive and perform a rupture movement about the first rupture axis, and to receive and perform a linear movement, moving along the longitudinal body from a first position to at least one second position and vice versa, wherein:

[0026] If the rupture element is in the first position, the rupture element is oriented along the first longitudinal axis inside the body; and

[0027] If the rupture element is in the second position, the rupture element is oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis, the at least one second longitudinal axis at least partially passing through the opening of the distal tip; and

[0028] A motion transmission element, including a proximal portion, a flexible or articulated distal portion, and a second breaking axis, the motion transmission element being firmly connected to the breaking element through the flexible or articulated distal portion and configured to:

[0029] Receive and execute a breaking motion about the second breaking axis and transmit the breaking motion to the breaking element; and

[0030] Receive and execute a linear motion, move along the longitudinal body; and be used to transmit the linear motion to the breaking element;

[0031] At least one rigidity providing device for providing rigidity to the breaking assembly when the breaking element is in the second position and at least partially passes through the opening of the distal tip,

[0032] wherein the rigidity providing device includes a tubular element, which in turn includes a proximal portion and a distal portion; wherein the tubular element:

[0033] Is sized and configured to move along the longitudinal body;

[0034] Is sized and configured to at least partially accommodate the flexible or articulated distal portion of the motion transmission element,

[0035] Is configured to orient the distal portion according to a first longitudinal axis when the breaking element is in the first position; and

[0036] Is configured to orient the distal portion according to at least one second longitudinal axis when the breaking element is in at least one second position.

[0037] The breaking tool of the present invention allows the creation of a bone tunnel suitable for the anatomical reconstruction of damaged tendons and / or ligaments. Specifically, the breaking tool allows the creation of a bone tunnel having an elongated (e.g., straight, curved, or angled) intra-articular exit opening that resembles the original insertion anatomical area and is capable of accommodating the tendon or ligament in reconstruction at a bone depth sufficient to ensure its regeneration. In this way, a repair conducive to bone integration is achieved.

[0038] In this document, a tendon should be understood as a connective tissue band for attaching a muscle to a bone, while a ligament should be understood as a connective tissue band for attaching bones to each other.

[0039] In this document, the proximal end of an element of the breaking tool (or system) should be understood as the end closer to the subject using the breaking tool. Conversely, the distal end of an element of the breaking tool (or system) should be understood as the end farther from the subject using the breaking tool. Preferably, the subject or user is a doctor, veterinarian, or medical or veterinary professional.

[0040] First, the rupture tool includes a longitudinal body. "Longitudinal" should be understood as the body being manufactured or placed in its length direction. Preferably, the longitudinal body is tubular; in other words, it is a tubular hollow body that is usually open at both ends. In other embodiments, the longitudinal body is formed as a concave channel or conduit.

[0041] The longitudinal body further includes

[0042] a body oriented according to a first longitudinal axis; and

[0043] a distal tip connected to the body, including an opening oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis.

[0044] The tip is a small part forming a ramp, which is preferably straight or curved relative to the body. The angle of the ramp is determined by the angle formed between the first longitudinal axis (according to which the body is oriented) and at least one second longitudinal axis (according to which the opening of the tip is oriented).

[0045] Throughout the document, the expression "the distal tip is connected to the body" should be understood as the distal tip and the body coming into contact to form a single entity, i.e., the longitudinal body. The contact can be complete, where the distal tip adheres completely to the body such that the two of them form a single-piece assembly, or the distal tip can be in partial contact with the body through a connecting device (such as a hinge or a ratchet system).

[0046] Throughout the document, "at least one second longitudinal axis" should be understood as one or more longitudinal axes, depending on whether the tip can form one or more different angles with the body. Specifically, if the tip adheres completely to the body, the first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis will form a specific angle α equal to or greater than zero degrees relative to each other. Conversely, if the contact between the two elements is partial, the connecting device allows the tip to be positioned in multiple different positions such that the first longitudinal axis forms different angles αi with each second longitudinal axis, where each angle αi is equal to or greater than zero degrees.

[0047] The first longitudinal axis and at least one second longitudinal axis are contained in a first sagittal plane. Throughout the document, "sagittal plane" should be understood as a plane perpendicular to the ground and dividing a body or element into a left half and a right half. This term is commonly used in the field of anatomy.

[0048] Second, the rupture tool includes a rupture assembly, which further includes a rupture element and a motion transmission element connected to each other.

[0049] In this document, "rupture element" should be understood as any type of element capable of disrupting, milling, cutting, reaming, polishing, compacting, or perforating biological tissue (especially bone tissue).

[0050] In a specific example, the breaking element can be a mill, a breaking mill, a drill bit, a blade, a scraper, a file, a vibrating breaking element, or a reciprocating breaking and / or densifying element.

[0051] In another specific example, the breaking element is a densifying mill that can cause bone tissue densification, which is crucial for early weight-bearing, thus shortening the rehabilitation time required to recover to the pre-injury activity level.

[0052] In other more specific examples, the breaking element:

[0053] has a frustoconical geometry with a proximal diameter larger than the distal diameter;

[0054] has a cylindrical geometry;

[0055] is a hybrid element where the proximal segment is a compaction segment and the distal segment is a breaking segment;

[0056] The distal cross-section is circular, elliptical, polygonal, deltoid, or corresponds to any other geometry.

[0057] The breaking element includes a first breaking axis; for example, the axis of rotation about which the element rotates or the axis of vibration about which the element vibrates. The element is configured to receive and perform a breaking motion; it should be understood as a motion that can be performed by the breaking element such that the breaking element can break human tissue, preferably bone. Examples of breaking motions are rotational and / or reciprocating and / or vibrational motions performed about the first breaking axis. Additionally, the breaking element is configured to receive and perform a linear motion, moving from a first position to at least one second position along a longitudinal body (especially along its interior if the longitudinal body is tubular), and vice versa. Throughout the document, "at least one second position" should be understood as one or more positions where the breaking element can be positioned based on the position of the distal tip, depending on whether the tip can form one or more different angles with the body, as described above.

[0058] The breaking element exits from the sagittal plane containing the first longitudinal axis and at least one second longitudinal axis through an opening at the distal tip.

[0059] Throughout the document, a rotational or turning motion should be understood as a motion where the breaking element makes a constant 360-degree rotation. A rotational reciprocating motion should be understood as a motion where the breaking element alternately makes a forward rotational motion and a backward rotational motion (preferably 180 degrees), so that it linearly alternately rotates and moves in the proximal-distal and distal-proximal directions. A vibrational or oscillatory motion should be understood as a periodic motion where the breaking element oscillates about a stable equilibrium position, so that it moves between two terminal positions.

[0060] In the first position, the rupture element is oriented according to a first longitudinal axis, i.e., the rupture element remains housed within the body. In the second position, the rupture element is oriented according to a second longitudinal axis or one of the second longitudinal axes, i.e., the rupture element projects at least partially through the opening of the distal tip towards the outside of the rupture tool. In the second position, in the case where the distal tip and the body form an integral assembly, the rupture element will be oriented according to the second longitudinal axis. In the case where the distal tip is connected to the body by a connecting element that allows it to be positioned in a plurality of different angular positions (such that for each of the plurality of angular positions, at least one second longitudinal axis forms a different angle α with the first longitudinal axis), the rupture element will be oriented according to one of the second longitudinal axes.

[0061] Since the rupture element is in this second position, an angled bone tunnel formed by two consecutive segments that form an angle α with each other can be milled. More advantageously, the angle α can be pre-determined with the same rupture tool according to the application (medical or veterinary), the specific surgery to be performed, and the anatomy of the patient itself.

[0062] To be able to position the rupture element in the first and second positions, the rupture assembly further includes a motion transmission element. The motion transmission element includes a second rupture axis about which a rupture motion is performed, and two components or parts: a proximal part, which can be rigid and flexible, and a flexible or articulated distal part. These two components either form a single-piece assembly or can be connected by connecting means, such as by screws. Preferably, the motion transmission element is an elongated cylinder, where the diameter of the cross-section of the proximal part is greater than the diameter of the flexible or articulated distal part.

[0063] The motion transmission element is connected to the rupture element; specifically, the distal end of the flexible or articulated distal part is firmly connected to the proximal end of the rupture element.

[0064] The motion transmission element is configured to:

[0065] Receive a rupture motion, such as a rotational or vibrational motion, and perform the rupture motion about the second rupture axis;

[0066] Transmit the rupture motion to the rupture element;

[0067] Receive a linear motion and perform the linear motion such that it moves along the longitudinal body (especially along its interior if the longitudinal body is tubular); and

[0068] Transmit the linear motion to the rupture element such that it moves from the first position to the second position (and from the second position to the first position when the motion transmission stops).

[0069] In one example, the flexibility of the motion transfer element is attributed to the braided structure of the element. In another example, the flexibility of the motion transfer element is attributed to a tubular structure that includes incisions and / or openings in the element. In another example, the flexibility of the motion transfer element is attributed to the element including a superelastic nitinol braided core and an outer polymer layer.

[0070] Since the motion transfer element is flexible or articulated, when it undergoes linear motion in the proximal-distal direction, its flexible or articulated distal portion lies within the distal tip of the longitudinal body, assuming a curved shape such that the rupture element connected to the flexible or articulated portion projects or extends at least partially through the opening in the distal tip towards the exterior of the rupture tool, oriented according to a second longitudinal axis or one of the second longitudinal axes.

[0071] This flexibility exists only in the sagittal plane. Conversely, for other planes, due to a third component of the rupture tool, the flexible or articulated portion of the motion transfer element attains rigidity. This third component is a so-called rigidity-providing device that is configured to provide rigidity to the rupture assembly (specifically to the flexible or articulated distal portion of the motion transfer element) in every plane other than the first sagittal plane when the rupture element is in at least one second position.

[0072] This rigidity is crucial so that the rupture tool has sufficient force to break the bone during use and can thus carve out a bone tunnel with the desired shape.

[0073] The rigidity-providing device includes a tubular element that in turn includes a proximal portion and a distal portion; wherein the tubular element:

[0074] is sized and configured to move along the longitudinal body;

[0075] is sized and configured to at least partially accommodate the flexible or articulated distal portion of the motion transfer element,

[0076] is configured to orient the distal portion according to a first longitudinal axis when the rupture element is in a first position; and

[0077] is configured to orient the distal portion according to at least one second longitudinal axis when the rupture element is in at least one second position.

[0078] The rigid providing device includes a tubular element, that is, tubular or in a tubular form, which is connected to the flexible or articulated part of the movement transmission element and houses the flexible or articulated part therein. In turn, the tubular element has dimensions suitable for being housed within a longitudinal body and is capable of moving along the body (in particular, if the longitudinal body is tubular, moving along its interior). This movement is possible because the tubular element houses the movement transmission element therein; that is, when the movement transmission element moves linearly in the proximal-distal direction, the tubular element also moves as a whole.

[0079] Before the said movement occurs, that is, when the rupture element is in the first position, the two parts of the tubular element are oriented according to the first longitudinal axis because they are located within the body. Once the movement occurs, that is, when the rupture element is in the second position, only the proximal part of the tubular element remains oriented according to the first longitudinal axis (that is, it still remains within the body), while the distal part of the tubular element is oriented according to the second longitudinal axis or one of the second longitudinal axes (that is, this distal part is located within the distal tip of the rupture tool and acquires a bent shape).

[0080] In a first example of use, the non-activated rupture tool is inserted into a straight bone tunnel having a single previously milled segment (according to the first longitudinal axis). Once inserted, the rupture tool is activated so that when the movement transmission element receives a rupture movement and a linear movement, the movement transmission element transfers the same movement to the rupture element, causing the rupture element to move from the first position to the second position while performing a rupture movement. Thus, the rupture element at least partially protrudes through the opening of the rupture tool tip and mills the second segment of the bone tunnel according to the second longitudinal axis.

[0081] At this time, by keeping the rupture tool in the activated state, the user can move the said rupture tool from left to right and / or from right to left, so that the rupture element breaks the bone, thereby enabling a widened intra-articular exit opening to be milled in the bone tunnel, the geometry of which is similar to the geometry of the original anatomical insertion area of the tendon to be repaired. For example, an elongated intra-articular exit opening with a funnel-shaped and / or rectangular geometry can be milled to reinsert the repaired supraspinatus tendon.

[0082] The movement from left to right and / or from right to left should be understood as a movement performed relative to the first sagittal plane of the rupture tool initially positioned in the straight bone tunnel having a single segment.

[0083] Advantageously, this anatomical widening created using the rupture tool is highly beneficial for tissue healing, which means that the surgery is effective and its effects are long-lasting.

[0084] In a specific example of repairing the damaged supraspinatus tendon of the rotator cuff, the intra-articular exit of the bone tunnel to be created must allow the insertion of the end of the damaged tendon, which has a thickness of 4 to 5 millimeters and a width of 20 to 25 millimeters at the height of the shoulder tendon.

[0085] The specific measurement ranges provided in this usage example must be adjusted according to the final application of the rupture tool.

[0086] In a second usage example, the rupture tool of the present invention allows the rupture element to be inserted into a straight bone tunnel in a first position, where the rupture element is oriented according to a first longitudinal axis, and then, the rupture element linearly moves forward to a second position, where the rupture element is oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis, and the user can ream and / or counter-ream a widened intra-articular exit opening in the bone tunnel, the geometry of which is similar to the geometry of the original anatomical insertion area of the ligament to be restored. For example, an elongated intra-articular exit opening with a funnel-shaped and / or rectangular geometry can be reamed and / or counter-reamed for ACL restoration.

[0087] In a specific example of reconstructing the ACL, the intra-articular exit of the bone tunnel to be created must allow the insertion of fibrous material, which has a thickness of 2 to 4 millimeters and a width of 12 to 18 millimeters.

[0088] The specific measurement ranges provided in the second usage example must be adjusted according to the final application of the rupture tool.

[0089] In general use, the rupture tool is suitable for rupturing any connective tissue and / or cartilage tissue and / or bone tissue in medicine or veterinary medicine.

[0090] In a specific usage example, the rupture tool is suitable for creating and / or reaming all types of tunnels in surgical procedures for reconstructing any connective tissue and / or cartilage tissue and / or bone tissue in medicine or veterinary medicine.

[0091] In another more specific usage example, the rupture tool is suitable for creating a space of a selected shape and size by effectively rupturing and removing tissue in the intervertebral disc during minimally invasive discectomy.

[0092] In one embodiment, the rupture tool is disposable.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the rupture tool includes a suction line that can be connected to an external suction device for removing damaged tissue. In this embodiment, both the rupture element and the movement drive shaft are tubular, and the rupture element includes a distal suction window for sucking bone powder while reaming bone. In a more specific embodiment, the external suction device includes a vacuum system.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the distal tip is connected to the body:

[0095] Firmly as an extension of the body; or

[0096] By a connecting element configured to position the tip in a plurality of angular positions such that for each of the plurality of angular positions, at least one second longitudinal axis forms a different angle α with the first longitudinal axis.

[0097] As described above, the distal tip contacts the body to form a single entity, namely the longitudinal body.

[0098] This contact can be complete, where the distal tip adheres completely to the body, that is to say, the distal tip is an extension of the body such that they together form an integral assembly.

[0099] Advantageously, such an integral configuration is configured to be easy to manufacture and maintain.

[0100] Conversely, the distal tip can contact the body part through a connecting device (such as a hinge). The connecting device also allows the tip to be positioned in a plurality of angular positions and oriented according to different second longitudinal axes, each second longitudinal axis forming a different angle α with the first longitudinal axis.

[0101] Advantageously, this type of configuration makes the fracture tool very flexible, where the angle of the bone tunnel can be adapted to different applications, surgical types, and patient anatomies.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, the first fracture axis is:

[0103] The axis of rotation about which the fracture element rotates; or

[0104] The axis of vibration about which the fracture element performs a vibratory motion.

[0105] In a specific embodiment, the tubular element further comprises at least one elongated notch disposed in the distal portion and forming at least one angle β greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees with respect to the first sagittal plane, wherein:

[0106] Each of the at least one elongated notch separates two different segments of the distal portion of the tubular body; and

[0107] When the fracture element is in at least one second position, the sum of the spacings between the segments of the tubular body is substantially zero.

[0108] In addition, the tubular element includes at least one elongated notch. Throughout the document, "notch" should be understood as any cut, opening, or groove on a surface or an entity, but they are not completely separated. In addition, "elongated notch" should be understood as a cut with a length significantly greater than the width.

[0109] These notches or plurality of notches are arranged on a tubular element in the upper part of the distal portion and form an angle β greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees with respect to the first sagittal plane. In the case where there is more than one notch, the angle β can be the same for all notches or can be different.

[0110] When the distal portion is located in the body (i.e., when the rupture element is in the first position), each of these notches divides the upper part of the distal portion into two different segments with a specific interval therebetween. The intervals defined by each notch can be the same or different, provided that when the distal portion of the tubular element is located at the distal tip of the rupture tool (i.e., when the rupture element is in the second position), the sum of the intervals of all notches is substantially zero.

[0111] This means that, in the first case, the groove remains open, while in the second case, the groove is actually closed. In this sense, since the groove is actually closed, the distance between the segments is reduced to substantially zero, and a certain tolerance can be understood to exist.

[0112] It should be understood that the notch is closed when the curved and / or angled edges of the notch (or, in other words, the walls of the continuous segments) come into contact with each other due to the actual bending position obtained by the tubular element. Thus, the tubular element allows providing rigidity for the flexible or articulated distal portion of the motion transmission element in all planes except the first sagittal plane, and the flexible portion obtains a bent shape along the first sagittal plane.

[0113] In one example, the notches have a trapezoidal geometry, and / or a meandering geometry, and / or a sinusoidal geometry, and / or any other geometry, provided that they are arranged to form an angle β (or several angles β) with respect to the first sagittal plane of the rupture tool.

[0114] In a preferred example, the tubular element is a sleeve that includes a modular system composed of parts coupled to each other and configured as a winding body in a single sagittal plane.

[0115] In one embodiment, the tubular element further includes at least one second elongated notch arranged in the lower part of its distal portion. The effect produced by the at least one second notch is opposite to the effect produced by the upper notches, i.e., when the rupture element is in at least one second position, the at least one second notch opens, such that the distance between the segments that the at least one second notch divides the lower part of the distal portion of the tubular element increases.

[0116] In an alternative embodiment, the tubular element includes a tube made of a superelastic nickel-titanium alloy (with or without notches) and an outer polymer layer.

[0117] In a specific embodiment, the longitudinal body further comprises at least one distal longitudinal groove, and the tubular element further comprises at least one first protrusion, wherein

[0118] the at least one distal longitudinal groove comprises a distal limit and a proximal limit;

[0119] the at least one distal longitudinal groove is sized to receive the at least one first protrusion and is configured to cooperate with the first protrusion to guide the tubular element in the direction of the sagittal plane when the rupture element moves from a first position to at least one second position, and vice versa; and

[0120] the at least one first protrusion is sized to penetrate the at least one distal longitudinal groove and is configured to cooperate with the distal longitudinal groove to move along the distal longitudinal groove when the rupture element moves from a first position to at least one second position, and vice versa; and

[0121] when the rupture element is in the at least one second position, the at least one first protrusion abuts against the distal limit of the at least one distal longitudinal groove.

[0122] In this embodiment, the tubular element comprises one or more protrusions configured to cooperate with one or more corresponding longitudinal grooves located in the longitudinal body. Throughout the document, a "protrusion" should be understood as a part or component of the tubular element that protrudes from the element, and a "groove" should be understood as a long and narrow passage that is open inside the longitudinal body, particularly in the direction of the sagittal plane.

[0123] The protrusion penetrates the groove and cooperates with it to guide the tubular element in the direction of the sagittal plane. Since the tubular element is connected to a motion transmission element that is connected to the rupture element, when the motion transmission element moves from a first position to a second position, the tubular element in turn moves in the direction of the sagittal axis until it is adjacent to the distal limit of the groove. The distal limit should be understood as the end or termination point of the groove that is furthest from the user. Advantageously, this protrusion-groove cooperation prevents the tubular element from rotating about itself or moving in an undesirable manner, which would cause the rupture assembly to be improperly positioned and oriented. If this occurs, the rupture element cannot be positioned in the second position to cut the second section of the bone tunnel and will not have sufficient rigidity to cut the widened intra-articular exit opening.

[0124] In a specific embodiment, the rupture tool further comprises at least one first connection and / or coupling device configured to connect or couple the motion transmission element to the rupture motion generating device.

[0125] The cracking tool can be connected to a cracking motion generating device (e.g., a drilling device that generates a rotational motion). The cracking tool (especially the motion transmission element) receives the cracking motion from the cracking motion generating device and transmits it to the cracking element.

[0126] Considering that there may be various different types of cracking motion generating devices, this embodiment contemplates selecting a cracking tool that includes one or more connection and / or coupling devices configured to connect or couple the motion transmission element to one or more of said devices.

[0127] Advantageously, the cracking tool has greater versatility and can be coupled to any commercially available cracking motion generating device.

[0128] In a specific embodiment, the cracking tool further includes a support body that at least partially surrounds the motion transmission element, and a second connection and / or coupling device configured to connect or couple the support body to the cracking motion generating device.

[0129] In this embodiment, the cracking tool includes a support body, which should be understood as the main body that makes the cracking tool easier to grip and partially surrounds the motion transmission element. Optionally, the support body can also be connected or coupled to the cracking motion generating device through one or more second connection and / or coupling devices.

[0130] Considering that there may be various different types of cracking motion generating devices, this embodiment contemplates selecting a cracking tool that includes one or more second connection members and / or coupling devices configured to connect or couple the support body to one or more of said devices.

[0131] Advantageously, the cracking tool has greater versatility and can be coupled to any commercially available cracking motion generating device.

[0132] In a specific embodiment, the cracking tool further includes a cracking guide configured to guide the longitudinal body from an original position to at least one target position, where the cracking guide includes:

[0133] At least one tubular guide, which in turn includes:

[0134] A longitudinal conduit having a proximal end and a distal end; the longitudinal conduit includes a distal appendage located at the distal end; and

[0135] A striking edge, an extended portion of the longitudinal conduit at the proximal end; and

[0136] Wherein the longitudinal conduit is configured to accommodate the longitudinal body,

[0137] Wherein at least one tubular guide is oriented according to a first longitudinal guiding axis; and

[0138] The struck edge is configured to receive a striking force in the direction of a first longitudinal guiding axis; and

[0139] A guiding arch, which in turn comprises:

[0140] A proximal arcuate portion, which in turn comprises a first coupling means configured to firmly couple and decouple the proximal arcuate portion relative to the tubular guide at a plurality of different positions along the first longitudinal guiding axis;

[0141] A distal arcuate portion, which in turn comprises a distal tip oriented according to a second longitudinal guiding axis;

[0142] A second coupling means, configured to connect the distal arcuate portion to the proximal arcuate portion at a plurality of different positions such that for each said position, the first longitudinal guiding axis and at least one second longitudinal guiding axis form a different angle α2 relative to each other; and

[0143] The first longitudinal guiding axis and at least one second longitudinal guiding axis are included in a second sagittal plane.

[0144] In this embodiment, the rupture tool envisages a rupture guide configured to guide a longitudinal body from an original position to at least one target position, at which original position the longitudinal body begins to penetrate a first section of a bone tunnel milled with a conventional rupture element (e.g., a drill bit or a milling cutter), in particular a position where the longitudinal body is correctly positioned such that the rupture element moves from a first position to a second position, thereby allowing the milling of a second bone tunnel section and the creation of a widened intra-articular exit opening.

[0145] Advantageously, the use of the rupture guide can improve the placement accuracy of the longitudinal body in order to complete the milling of an angled bone tunnel at a target anatomical position and improve the practical usability of the rupture tool.

[0146] First of all, the rupture guide comprises at least one tubular guide. The guide in turn comprises the following elements:

[0147] A longitudinal conduit, preferably tubular, having a proximal end and a distal end. The conduit is dimensioned to be able to accommodate the longitudinal body. In addition, the distal end comprises a distal appendage (e.g., a peripheral groove), which is understood to be a distal part, an extension of the longitudinal conduit, the diameter of the cross-section of which is smaller than the diameter of the rest of the longitudinal conduit. In a specific embodiment, the peripheral groove comprises a polyhedral surface.

[0148] A struck edge, an extension of the proximal end of the longitudinal conduit. The struck edge should be understood as the part adhering to the proximal edge of the longitudinal conduit.

[0149] The guide is oriented according to the first longitudinal guide axis, which coincides with the first longitudinal axis based on which the body of the longitudinal body is oriented when inserted into the rupture guide.

[0150] The distal appendage is dimensioned and configured to be inserted into the first section of the bone tunnel after milling. Its diameter is such that it is inserted into the first section of the bone tunnel with a certain degree of tightness and prevents the rest of the longitudinal catheter from being inserted into the bone tunnel. Preferably, the outer diameter of the attachment is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the first section of the bone tunnel.

[0151] To insert the attachment into the first section of the bone tunnel, the user must apply a specific impact force to the proximal end of the impact edge in the direction of the first longitudinal guide axis. For example, this force can be applied by a hammer.

[0152] Preferably, the proximal end of the impact edge is substantially flat.

[0153] Advantageously, the force applied to the impact edge ensures that the attachment penetrates the first section of the bone tunnel without clearance. This keeps the guide in a stable position, which improves the placement accuracy of the longitudinal body when milling the second section of the bone tunnel in the target anatomical position and improves the practical usability of the rupture tool.

[0154] Secondly, the rupture guide includes a guide arch. Therefore, it must be understood that the bending element includes a proximal arcuate portion, and the proximal arch portion in turn includes a first coupling means that allows the proximal arcuate portion to be firmly coupled to the tubular guide, along the tubular guide at a plurality of different positions. The guide arch also includes a distal arcuate portion ending in a distal tip, and a second coupling means that allows the distal arcuate portion to be coupled to the proximal arch portion, along the tubular guide at a plurality of different positions.

[0155] The distal tip of the guide arch is oriented according to a second longitudinal guide axis, which forms an angle α2 with the first longitudinal guide axis. The second longitudinal guide axis varies according to the position at which the proximal arcuate portion and the distal arcuate portion of the guide arch are coupled, and thus the angle α2 varies according to the coupling. In addition, both longitudinal guide axes are contained in the second sagittal plane.

[0156] Preferably, the distal tip of the distal portion is configured to be inserted into the patient's body and thereby fix the rupture guide. In one example, the distal portion has an oval, cylindrical or annular configuration, and optionally, the distal tip is sharp.

[0157] Fixing the distal tip in the patient's body can advantageously achieve a more stable guiding position, which allows an increase in the placement accuracy of the longitudinal body in order to mill the second section of the bone tunnel in the target anatomical position and improve the practical usability of the rupture tool.

[0158] In addition, the first coupling device is configured to firmly connect and disconnect the proximal arcuate portion relative to the tubular guide at a plurality of different positions along the guide. Advantageously, the first coupling device allows the guide arch and the guide to be easily separated, which makes it easier to remove the guide arch after the longitudinal body is inserted into the guide.

[0159] The second coupling device between the proximal arcuate portion and the distal arcuate portion allows the guide arch to adapt to the cutting direction of the first section of the angled bone tunnel pre-determined by the user according to their preference and the anatomy of each patient. As described above, the cutting is performed with a conventional rupture element (such as a drill bit).

[0160] Widening of the intra-articular exit opening of the second section of the bone tunnel (preferably funnel-shaped or fan-shaped) requires the user to rotate the longitudinal body left and right and activate the rupture movement when the rupture element is in the second position. Therefore, the first sagittal plane will form a certain variable angle relative to the second sagittal plane. In a specific embodiment, the widening of the intra-articular exit opening is generated in one or more planes that describe a curved surface transverse to the second sagittal plane.

[0161] In a specific embodiment, at least one tubular guide further includes a hole, which in turn includes a first part and a second part, and the body of the longitudinal body includes at least one second protrusion;

[0162] The first part of the hole is sized and configured to receive the second protrusion and guide it from a proximal position when the longitudinal body of the rupture tool is inserted into the interior of at least one tubular guide of the rupture guide and moves along the interior; and

[0163] The second part of the hole is sized and configured to abut against the second protrusion when the first sagittal plane of the rupture tool rotates an angle γ relative to the second sagittal plane of the rupture guide.

[0164] In this embodiment, the present invention contemplates providing a hole in the guide and a protrusion in the body of the longitudinal body, with the aim of restricting the rotation angle between the second sagittal plane and the first sagittal plane, that is, to enable the longitudinal body to rotate from left to right or from right to left when accommodated inside the rupture guide until the maximum angle.

[0165] The hole includes two connecting parts. The first part is sized and configured to receive and guide the second protrusion of the body from a proximal position (i.e., the point where the second protrusion is received by the part) to the position where the protrusion penetrates the second part of the hole.

[0166] Once the protrusion is within the second part, it slides along the second part of the hole until it abuts against the end or boundary of the second part. This sliding occurs due to the longitudinal body rotating from left to right and from right to left when the longitudinal body is within the rupture guide. Thus, the hole as a whole can limit the angle formed between the first sagittal plane and the second sagittal plane. Advantageously, it increases the usability and precision of the rupture tool when creating a widened intra-articular exit opening for the second segment of the bone tunnel.

[0167] In one example, the first part of the hole is an elongated part parallel to the second sagittal plane, and the second part of the hole is an elongated part shorter than the length of the first part and is arranged perpendicular to the second sagittal plane. The two parts form a "T" shape with respect to each other.

[0168] In another example, the first part is still elongated and arranged parallel to the second sagittal plane, while the second part has a square, triangular or funnel shape. More specifically, the second part has a constant cross-section or a cross-section that decreases from its distal end to its proximal end. Alternatively, the second part includes two components, where the first component has a constant cross-section and the second component has a decreasing cross-section (from the distal end to the proximal end of the second part).

[0169] Thanks to the second part of the hole, the user can move the longitudinal body backward in the distal-proximal direction to widen the intra-articular exit opening in other planes parallel to the initially created plane. Obviously, in this new widening, the user must continue to rotate the longitudinal body from left to right so that the first sagittal plane rotates relative to the second sagittal plane.

[0170] In an alternative embodiment, at least one tubular guide further includes at least one longitudinal hole and the body of the longitudinal body includes at least one second protrusion;

[0171] wherein, the size of at least one longitudinal hole is suitably configured to receive and guide at least one second protrusion from a proximal position to a distal position and vice versa.

[0172] In this embodiment, the tubular guide includes at least one hole formed by a single longitudinal part. This hole cooperates with the second protrusion of the body to guide it from a proximal position (when the rupture guide receives the longitudinal body) to a distal position (when the second protrusion abuts against the distal end of the longitudinal hole).

[0173] Advantageously, the longitudinal hole allows guiding the longitudinal body of the rupture tool while reaming the bone tunnel in at least one first reverse reaming direction. Another advantage is that the engagement between the longitudinal hole of the tubular guide and the second protrusion allows controlling the relative position of the two sagittal planes with respect to each other, which increases the reliability of the rupture tool.

[0174] In a specific embodiment, the rupture guide includes a plurality of tubular guides, wherein:

[0175] the size of the hole; and / or

[0176] the shape of the hole; and / or

[0177] the size of the first part of the hole; and / or

[0178] the shape of the first part of the hole; and / or

[0179] the size of the second part of the hole; and / or

[0180] the shape of the second part of the hole;

[0181] the above-mentioned attributes of each tubular guide are different from each other.

[0182] In this embodiment, it is envisaged that the rupture tool has a plurality of tubular guides with holes of different sizes and shapes. Therefore, different options can be provided for widening the intra-articular exit openings of different sizes and depths, that is to say, the rotation angle of the first sagittal plane relative to the second sagittal plane can be restricted more or less, and the distance that the user can move the longitudinal body backward can be restricted more or less to generate more rupture surfaces.

[0183] Advantageously, the rupture tool again has a high degree of versatility, allowing the size of the finally carved bone tunnel to be adapted to a specific application, a specific type of surgery and the patient's anatomy.

[0184] In a specific embodiment, the distal appendage includes:

[0185] a triangular lobe tip; or

[0186] two tips; or

[0187] a bevel groove; or

[0188] a polyhedral surface.

[0189] In this embodiment, different types of distal appendages are provided, although there may be other types that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0190] In a specific embodiment, the rupture motion is a rotational motion, and the rupture tool further includes a motion transmission and conversion device, which is configured to:

[0191] receive a rotational motion from a rotational motion generating device;

[0192] convert the rotational motion into a linear motion and / or a reciprocating motion;

[0193] Transfer linear motion and / or reciprocating motion to a motion transfer element such that the motion transfer element transfers the linear motion and / or reciprocating motion to a breaking element, causing it to move from a first position to at least one second position;

[0194] Stop the linear and / or reciprocating motion when the rotational motion stops, causing the breaking element to move from at least one second position to the first position.

[0195] In order for the breaking element to receive the breaking motion and the linear motion required to protrude through the opening at the distal tip and break the bone, this embodiment contemplates that the breaking tool further includes motion transfer and conversion means. Preferably, the motion transfer and conversion means receives the breaking motion from the breaking motion generating means and converts it into linear motion. In addition, the motion transfer and conversion means transfers the linear motion to the motion transfer element such that the motion transfer element in turn transfers it to the breaking element, causing it to move from a first position to at least one second position. When the linear motion stops, i.e., when the motion transfer and conversion means stops receiving the breaking motion from the generating means, the motion transfer and conversion means causes the breaking element to move from at least one second position to the first position, i.e., to retract into the longitudinal body.

[0196] Advantageously, when the breaking motion generating means is activated, the breaking tool according to this embodiment enables the breaking element to move linearly and simultaneously perform the breaking motion, and when the breaking motion generator is deactivated, the breaking element retracts and stops performing the breaking motion.

[0197] In one embodiment, the breaking motion generating means is a drilling device, and the motion transfer and conversion means includes:

[0198] A first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element, couplable to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling device, the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element being configured to receive the rotational motion from the drilling device and perform said rotational motion;

[0199] A second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element, connected to the proximal portion of the motion transfer element and configured to receive the rotational motion from the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element and perform said rotational motion and linear motion;

[0200] A braking actuator, connected to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element and configured to apply a force that prevents rotation to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element,

[0201] A return spring, configured to apply a linear return force to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element; and

[0202] A helical sliding coupling structure, configured to couple the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element;

[0203] Among them, the helical sliding coupling structure further includes

[0204] a longitudinal coupling portion connected to the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element, which includes a first thread on its outer surface; and

[0205] a longitudinal coupling conduit connected to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element, which includes a second thread on its inner surface;

[0206] wherein, the first thread of the longitudinal coupling portion and the second thread of the longitudinal coupling conduit are configured to cooperate with each other, so that when the longitudinal coupling conduit performs a rotary motion and the longitudinal coupling portion rotates at a speed lower than that of the longitudinal coupling conduit, a linear motion of the longitudinal coupling conduit relative to the longitudinal coupling portion occurs, and the thread direction of the helical sliding connection is opposite to the rotary motion direction of the drilling device.

[0207] In this document, the braking actuator should be understood as a kind of brake, which applies a blocking force to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element, so that it partially slows down the rotation of the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element.

[0208] In this document, the helical sliding coupling should be understood as a spindle mechanism, including a longitudinal portion with an external thread (such as a screw) and a longitudinal conduit with an internal thread (such as a nut). This spindle mechanism is configured to linearly move the conduit relative to the portion when the portion rotates and the rotation of the conduit is partially retained. In the context of the present invention, "the rotation of the conduit is partially retained" should be understood as that due to the action of the braking actuator, the conduit rotates at a lower speed than the portion.

[0209] In this document, the return spring should be understood as any helical or coiled elastic component, which is arranged such that when it changes due to pressure or elongation, the force exerted by it can be used to restore it to its natural shape. In the context of the present invention, the force of the return spring is used to return the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element to the proximal stop position. Preferably, the return spring and the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element are coaxial, the distal end of the return spring is connected to a fixed position of another element of the rupture tool, and the proximal end is connected to the distal end of the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element.

[0210] When the drilling device is in an inactive state, that is, when the motion transmission element does not receive any rotary motion, the force of the return spring is greater than the force of the braking actuator to prevent rotation. Therefore, the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element is located at the proximal stop position, and the rupture element is located at the first position.

[0211] When the drilling device is in an active state, the drilling device provides a rotational movement to a first longitudinal rotational movement transmission element, and thanks to a sliding coupling structure, this element provides the rotational movement to a second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element. At this time, a braking actuator slows down the speed of the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element, so that its rotational speed is reduced relative to the rotational speed of the first longitudinal rotational movement transmission element. When the rotation-blocking force of the brake is greater than the linear restoring force of the spring, the components of the screw coupling act as a spindle screw, causing the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element to linearly move forward relative to the first longitudinal rotational movement transmission element. This linear forward movement occurs because the thread direction of the screw sliding coupling is opposite to the direction of the rotational movement received and transmitted by the first longitudinal rotational movement transmission element of the movement transmission shaft coupled to the drilling device.

[0212] It should be emphasized that in a conventional spindle, the catheter (or nut) is completely anti-rotational, so the catheter should not rotate at all and can only move linearly. In contrast, the operation of the screw sliding coupling structure of the present invention requires the braking actuator to partially block the rotation of the catheter because this rotation corresponding to the breaking movement must be transmitted to the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element and then to the movement transmission element of the breaking tool. Due to the action of the screw sliding coupling structure, the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element and the movement transmission element will also move linearly.

[0213] The return spring is gradually compressed during the forward movement, and the force it exerts continuously increases until the point where the forces of the spring and the braking actuator are the same again. At this time, the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element is in the distal position, and at the same time, the breaking element is in at least one second position protruding through the opening at the distal tip.

[0214] When the drilling device stops being active, since there is no rotational movement, the force of the return spring is greater than the rotation-blocking force of the braking actuator again. In this case, due to the action of the linear restoring force of the spring, the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element returns to the proximal stop position, and the breaking element retracts.

[0215] Optionally, in order to accelerate this process, the braking actuator includes a pad with a pressure spring, and this pad provides a non-zero initial rotational resistance.

[0216] When using the breaking tool, as the breaking element gradually protrudes, the bone it impacts gradually exerts a resistance on it, and this resistance is further transmitted to the second longitudinal rotational movement transmission element. This resistance supplements the force provided by the braking actuator, so the greater the resistance provided by the bone, the greater the forward movement force that must be applied to cause the break.

[0217] Advantageously, the movement transmission and conversion device allows the same button of the drilling device coupled to the fracturing tool to simultaneously initiate the rotation and movement of the fracturing element, which increases the usability and precision of the fracturing tool.

[0218] In an alternative embodiment, the fracturing movement generating device is a drilling device, and the movement transmission and conversion device includes:

[0219] A male-female sliding coupling structure, including:

[0220] A main rotor that can be coupled to the movement transmission shaft of the drilling device, the main rotor being configured to receive the rotational movement from the drilling device and execute the rotational movement;

[0221] A secondary rotor, the proximal end of which is slidably coupled to the main rotor, and the distal end of which is connected to the proximal part of the movement transmission element; wherein, the secondary rotor further includes grooves or notches with a sinusoidal geometry on its outer surface; and wherein, thanks to the sliding coupling structure, the secondary rotor is configured to linearly move relative to the main rotor in two directions;

[0222] A return spring, configured to apply a return force to the secondary rotor; and

[0223] A manual activation controller connected to a fixed plunger, the manual activation controller being configured to cause the fixed plunger to penetrate the groove or notch of the secondary rotor;

[0224] Wherein, when the secondary rotor receives the rotational movement from the main rotor and executes the rotational movement, the activation of the controller causes the fixed plunger to penetrate the groove or notch, so that the secondary rotor linearly reciprocates forward and backward relative to the main rotor, and

[0225] Wherein, the secondary rotor transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward movement combined with the rotational movement to the movement transmission element, and the movement transmission element in turn transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward movement combined with the rotational movement to the fracturing element, and,

[0226] Wherein, when the fixed plunger is removed from the groove or notch by deactivating the control device, the secondary rotor performs a return movement pushed by the return spring in the distal-proximal direction.

[0227] In this document, "manual activation control" should be understood as an actuator that can be activated and deactivated at will by the user. The manual activation control radially moves the fixed plunger from a first position to a second position, in the first position the plunger is away from the sinusoidal groove or notch of the secondary rotor, and in the second position the fixed plunger penetrates the sinusoidal groove or notch of the secondary rotor; and vice versa. Preferably, the mechanism of the activation control is a thrust mechanism including a spring.

[0228] In this document, the "sliding coupling structure" should be understood as a male-female coupler, including a primary rotor (understood as a longitudinal male rod) and a secondary rotor (understood as a longitudinal female tube). The coupling between the two rotors is a sliding coupling, that is, the secondary rotor can slide or linearly move relative to the primary rotor in two directions.

[0229] On the one hand, the primary rotor can be coupled to the drive shaft of the drilling device to receive rotational motion from the drive shaft. On the other hand, due to the coupling between the rotors, the primary rotor transmits the rotational motion to the secondary rotor. Finally, the secondary rotor connected to the motion transmission element at its distal end also transmits the rotational motion to the motion transmission element, which in turn transmits the motion to the rupture element.

[0230] The outer surface of the secondary rotor also includes sinusoidal grooves or notches, which are configured to receive and cooperate with the fixed plunger of the activation controller.

[0231] When the assembly is in the operating state but the manual control has not been activated, that is, the drilling device is in the active state, the rotational motion is transmitted to the primary rotor, but the fixed plunger has not penetrated the sinusoidal grooves or notches of the secondary rotor, and the rupture element is in the first position (i.e., within the body of the rupture tool). This is because the force of the return spring pushes the secondary rotor to the proximal stop position, resulting in the rupture element being in the first position within the body of the rupture tool.

[0232] Once the user decides to activate the manual control, the fixed plunger penetrates the notch or groove of the secondary rotor. Since the secondary rotor is slidingly coupled to the primary rotor, this penetration causes the secondary rotor to perform a linear reciprocating forward and backward motion relative to the primary rotor while rotating. At the same time, since the secondary rotor is connected to the proximal part of the motion transmission element, it transmits not only the rotational motion but also the reciprocating motion to the motion transmission element, which in turn transmits both motions to the rupture element. At this time, the rupture element simultaneously describes a rotational motion and a reciprocating motion around the first rupture axis, and the reciprocating motion includes two consecutive motions:

[0233] Moving forward from the first position to the second position, where the rupture element protrudes through the opening at the distal tip

[0234] Moving backward from the second position to a new position, where the rupture element retracts into the distal tip.

[0235] The distance traveled by the rupture element of the rupture tool during these forward and backward motions is determined by the actual geometry of the sinusoidal grooves or indentations.

[0236] When the component stops working, i.e., when the drilling device is in an inactive state and the manual control is disabled, the rotor stops performing rotational and reciprocating motions. In this case, as described above, the force of the return spring pushes the secondary rotor to the proximal stop position, and the rupture element returns to the first position, in which it is again within the body.

[0237] Preferably, the return spring is coaxial with the secondary rotor.

[0238] In an alternative embodiment, the rupture motion generating device is a drilling device, and the motion transmission and conversion device includes:

[0239] A male-female sliding coupling structure, including:

[0240] A primary rotor that can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling device, the primary rotor being configured to receive rotational motion from the drilling device and perform the rotational motion;

[0241] A secondary rotor, the proximal end of which is slidably coupled to the primary rotor; wherein the secondary rotor is configured to linearly move relative to the primary rotor in two directions due to the sliding coupling, and wherein the secondary rotor includes a rotational pressure generating device;

[0242] A return spring for applying a return force to the secondary rotor;

[0243] A fluid compartment, including a first chamber, a second chamber, and a fluid; wherein

[0244] The first chamber is in fluid communication with the second chamber and the fluid is within the chambers;

[0245] The rotational pressure generating device is immersed in the fluid and is arranged between the first chamber and the second chamber; and

[0246] The secondary rotor is connected to the proximal portion of the motion transmission element; wherein:

[0247] When the secondary rotor receives rotational motion from the primary rotor and performs the rotational motion, the rotational pressure generating device in turn receives the rotational motion and generates a thrust force greater than the return force of the return spring, causing the fluid to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber;

[0248] The flow of the fluid causes the secondary rotor to linearly move in the proximal-distal direction;

[0249] The secondary rotor combines the linear motion with the rotational motion and transmits it to the motion transmission element, and the motion transmission element in turn combines the linear motion with the rotational motion and transmits it to the rupture element, and,

[0250] When the secondary rotor stops receiving rotational motion from the primary rotor, the secondary rotor moves linearly in the distal-proximal direction under the push of the return spring.

[0251] Similar to the foregoing embodiments, in this embodiment, "sliding coupling" should be understood as a male-female type coupling, including a primary rotor (understood as a longitudinal male rod) and a secondary rotor (understood as a longitudinal female duct). The coupling between the two rotors is a sliding coupling, that is, the secondary rotor can slide or linearly move relative to the primary rotor in two directions.

[0252] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the primary rotor can be coupled to the drive shaft of the drilling device to receive rotational motion therefrom. In addition, due to the coupling between the rotors, the primary rotor transmits the rotational motion to the secondary rotor. The secondary rotor further includes a rotational pressure generating device that transmits the rotational motion to the device. Finally, the secondary rotor also transmits the rotational motion to a motion transmission element, which in turn transmits the motion to a rupture element.

[0253] When the assembly is in the operating state, that is, when the drilling device is active, rotational motion is transmitted to the primary rotor, and the rotational motion is transmitted from the primary rotor to the secondary rotor. The secondary rotor in turn transmits the rotational motion to the rotational pressure generating device, which is preferably a propeller or a turbine. Since the device is immersed in the fluid of the fluid compartment, the thrust it generates is greater than the thrust of the return spring, causing the fluid to flow between the two chambers of the fluid compartment, such that the secondary rotor including the rotational pressure generating device moves forward from the first proximal position to the second distal position due to the linear sliding coupling between the two rotors.

[0254] In this sense, in the context of this particular embodiment, the linear sliding coupling structure has a dual function:

[0255] Transmitting the rotational motion of the drilling device through the primary rotor and the secondary rotor to the rotational pressure generating device, and

[0256] Allowing the secondary rotor to perform a linear motion relative to the primary rotor.

[0257] In this sense, when the secondary rotor and the rotational pressure generating device move forward in the proximal-distal direction, they transmit this linear motion to the motion transmission element, which in turn transmits this linear motion to the rupture element. Therefore, the rupture element transitions from the first position (inside the body) to the second position (partially protruding from the opening of the distal tip). At the same time, due to the transmission of this motion, the rupture element performs a rotational motion around the first rupture axis (drilling device - primary rotor - secondary rotor - motion transmission element - rupture element).

[0258] When the assembly is not working, that is, when the drill bit is not working, the force of the return spring pushes the secondary rotor in the distal-proximal direction to the proximal stop position, at which time the rupture element is again in the first position.

[0259] Preferably, the return spring is coaxial with the secondary rotor.

[0260] Advantageously, the movement transmission and conversion device allows the same button of the drilling device coupled to the rupture tool to simultaneously initiate the rotation and movement of the rupture element, which increases the usability and precision of the rupture tool.

[0261] Furthermore, the present invention provides a rupture system for minimally invasive surgery, comprising:

[0262] A rupture movement generating device configured to generate and execute a rupture movement;

[0263] At least one rupture tool according to the first aspect of the invention; at least couplable to the rupture movement generating device via a movement transmission element;

[0264] And wherein the rupture movement generating device is further configured to transmit the rupture movement to the movement transmission element.

[0265] In this case, the present invention not only considers the rupture tool, but also considers arranging the rupture tool together with the rupture movement generating device.

[0266] In one embodiment, the rupture tool of the rupture system is disposable. In another alternative or additional embodiment, at least a part of the rupture movement generating device is disposable.

[0267] The above advantages of the rupture tool can be extended to the rupture system.

[0268] Alternatively, the present invention provides a rupture system for minimally invasive surgery, comprising:

[0269] A rupture movement and linear movement and / or reciprocating movement generating device configured to generate and execute a rupture movement and a linear movement and / or a reciprocating movement;

[0270] At least one rupture tool according to the first aspect of the invention, the rupture tool not including a movement transmission and conversion device, and at least couplable to the rupture movement and linear movement and / or reciprocating movement generating device via a movement transmission element; wherein

[0271] The rupture movement and linear movement and / or reciprocating movement generating device is further configured to transmit the rupture movement and linear movement and / or reciprocating movement to the movement transmission element.

[0272] In this embodiment, the present invention not only considers the rupture tool, but also considers arranging the rupture tool together with the rupture movement and linear movement and / or reciprocating movement generating device.

[0273] In order for the fracture element of the fracture tool to receive the fracture motion and linear motion required to protrude from the opening of the distal tip and break the bone, the fracture system contemplates that a fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generator will provide both motions to a motion transfer element of the fracture tool, such that the fracture tool transfers the motion to the fracture element to move it from a first position to at least one second position. When the action of the fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generator stops, the motion transfer element stops receiving the fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion, which causes the fracture element to move from at least one second position to the first position; i.e., retract into the body.

[0274] Advantageously, when the fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generator is activated, the fracture system enables the fracture element to move linearly and simultaneously perform a fracture motion, and when the fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generator is deactivated, the fracture element retracts and stops performing the fracture motion.

[0275] Furthermore, the advantages described above for the fracture tool without a motion transfer and conversion device can be extended to this fracture system.

[0276] In one embodiment, the fracture tool of the fracture system is disposable. In another alternative or additional embodiment, at least a portion of the fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device is disposable.

[0277] In a specific embodiment, the fracture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device includes mechanical and / or electronic and / or electromagnetic devices.

[0278] This embodiment describes different types of devices integrated in the fracture motion and linear and / or reciprocating motion generating device, but does not affect other types of devices that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0279] In this embodiment, all fracture systems of the present invention are integrated systems.

[0280] In a specific embodiment, all fracture systems of the present invention further include adjustable control means for controlling the depth of forward movement of the fracture element, the control means being configured to adjust the depth of forward movement when the fracture element transitions from the first position to at least one second position. Advantageously, controlling the depth of forward movement allows the user to adapt the fracture tool to the anatomy of each patient.

[0281] In a specific embodiment, the fracture motion and linear motion generating device includes an electromagnetic device, and the adjustable control means for controlling the depth of forward movement includes an electronic card that can be configured to control the linear forward movement of the fracture element.

[0282] All advantages obtained by the fracturing tool of the first inventive aspect are applicable to any fracturing system including said fracturing tool.

[0283] All features described in this specification (including claims, description, drawings) and / or steps of the methods can be combined in any combination, except for combinations of mutually exclusive features. Description of the Drawings

[0284] Based on the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, the technical features and beneficial effects of the present invention will be shown more clearly. This detailed description is provided with reference to the drawings only by way of illustrative and non-limiting examples.

[0285] Figures 1a - 1d :

[0286] Figures 1a - 1d Shows different views of the fracturing tool.

[0287] Figures 2a - 2e :

[0288] Figures 2a - 2d Specifically shows different views of the rigidity-providing element of the fracturing tool. Figure 2e Specifically shows different types of rigidity-providing elements.

[0289] Figures 3a - 3c :

[0290] Figures 3a - 3c Shows a fracturing tool of a first embodiment having a motion transmission and conversion device including a mechanical screw sliding coupling structure.

[0291] Figures 4a - 4g :

[0292] Figures 4a - 4g Shows a fracturing tool of a second embodiment having a motion transmission and conversion device including a mechanical sine coupler.

[0293] Figures 5a - 5b :

[0294] Figures 5a - 5b Shows a fracturing tool of a third embodiment having a motion transmission and conversion device including a hydraulic coupler.

[0295] Figures 6a - 6b :

[0296] Figures 6a - 6b Shows a fracturing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the fracturing tool includes a fracturing guide.

[0297] Figures 7a - 7f :

[0298] Figures 7a - 7f Specifically shows the fracture guide of a fracture tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0299] Figures 8a - 8b :

[0300] Figures 8a - 8b Shows different views of multiple tubular guides of a fracture guide of a fracture tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0301] Figure 9 :

[0302] Figure 9 Shows an example of the structure of a fracture element according to different embodiments of the present invention.

[0303] Figures 10a - 10i :

[0304] Figures 10a - 10i Shows a fracture system for surgical operations, wherein the fracture tool is connected to an orthopedic drill.

[0305] Figures 11a - 11c :

[0306] Figures 11a - 11c Shows a fracture system for surgical operations, wherein the fracture tool is connected to an orthopedic drill.

[0307] Figures 12a - 12c :

[0308] Figure 12a Shows the cylindrical geometry of a tunnel reverse-reamed using a conventional fracture tool. Figure 12b Shows the funnel-shaped geometry of an oblique bone tunnel reamed using the fracture tool of the present invention. Figure 12c Shows different geometries of a straight bone tunnel reamed using the fracture tool of the present invention.

[0309] Figures 13a - 13f :

[0310] Figures 13a - 13f Shows the steps of a method for repairing a damaged supraspinatus tendon using the fracture system of the present invention.

[0311] Figures 14a - 14g :

[0312] Figures 14a - 14g Shows the steps of a method for restoring the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee using the fracture system of the present invention. Detailed Description

[0313] Figures 1a - 1c Shows an external perspective view of a fracture tool, wherein Figure 1a shows the state where the fracture element is retracted, Figure 1bShows the state in which the rupture element protrudes. Figure 1c Shows an exploded view of all the elements.

[0314] Figure 1a Shows a preferred embodiment of a rupture tool 100 for surgical operations, which includes a longitudinal body 110, and the longitudinal body further includes a body 111 and a distal tip 112 connected to the body 111. Preferably, as Figure 1a shown, the longitudinal body 110 is tubular. In other embodiments, the longitudinal body 110 is in the shape of a concave channel or a catheter. In a specific embodiment, the body 111 has a cylindrical structure with a diameter between 3 mm and 7 mm.

[0315] In addition, the rupture tool 100 includes a rupture element and a rigidity providing device (not shown Figure 1a herein).

[0316] Figure 1b Shows the same rupture tool, but it can be seen therefrom that the body 111 is oriented according to a first longitudinal axis 101, while the opening 115 of the distal tip 112 is oriented according to a second longitudinal axis 102. In addition, it can be obtained from this figure that the first longitudinal axis 101 and at least one second longitudinal axis 102 form an angle α with each other (this angle can be equal to or greater than zero degree), and the first longitudinal axis 101 and the second longitudinal axis 102 are included in a first sagittal plane 103.

[0317] In a specific embodiment, the angle α between the first longitudinal axis 101 and the second longitudinal axis 102 is an angle between 25° and 65°. In a more specific embodiment, the angle α is 45°.

[0318] In Figure 1b the corresponding embodiment, the distal tip 112 is firmly connected to the body 111 as an extension of the body 111, that is to say, the longitudinal body 110 is integral.

[0319] In these figures, the distal tip 112 and the body 111 form a curved ramp. In other embodiments, the ramp is straight.

[0320] In addition, in Figure 1b it can be seen that a part of the rupture assembly 120 protrudes from the opening 115 of the distal tip 112.

[0321] The rupture assembly 120 of the rupture tool 100 includes:

[0322] A rupture element 121, including a first rupture axis 121.1, and is configured to receive and perform a rupture movement around the first rupture axis 121.1, and receive and perform a linear movement, moving along the longitudinal body 110 from a first position to at least one second position and vice versa, wherein:

[0323] If the rupture element 121 is in the first position, the rupture element 121 is oriented along a first longitudinal axis 101 within the body 111; and

[0324] If the rupture element 121 is in the second position, the rupture element 121 is oriented along at least one second longitudinal axis 102 that projects at least partially through an opening 115 in the distal tip 112; and

[0325] A motion transfer element 122, comprising a proximal portion 122.1, a flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2, and a second rupture axis 122.3, the motion transfer element 122 being rigidly connected to the rupture element 121 by the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 and configured to:

[0326] Receive and execute a rupture motion about the second rupture axis 122.3 and transfer the rupture motion to the rupture element 121; and

[0327] Receive and execute a linear motion and move along the longitudinal body 110; and for transferring the linear motion to the rupture element 121.

[0328] Figure 1a The rupture element 121 in the first position is shown, i.e., the rupture element 121 is located inside the body 111 and is oriented along the first longitudinal axis 101.

[0329] Figure 1b The rupture element 121 in the second position is shown, that is, the rupture element 121 is oriented along the second longitudinal axis 102 and at least partially passes through the distal tip 112 via the opening 115 in the distal tip 112.

[0330] In a specific embodiment, the length of the rupture element 121 is between 10 millimeters and 25 millimeters.

[0331] Figure 1c Shown in connection with Figure 1a and 1b is an exploded view of the same rupture tool 100 as shown.

[0332] In Figure 1c the motion transfer element 122 can be seen in detail, which, in addition to the second rupture axis 122.3, also includes a proximal portion 122.1 and a flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2.

[0333] As described above, the motion transfer element 122 is rigidly connected to the rupture element 121. The connection is established by the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 of the motion transfer element 122.

[0334] Figure 1cA rigid providing device 130 is also shown, which is configured to provide rigidity for the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 of the motion transmission element 122 in each plane other than the first sagittal plane 103 when the rupture element 121 is located at at least one second position, such as Figure 1b as shown.

[0335] In a preferred embodiment, the rupture motion is a rotational motion. In other embodiments, the rupture motion is a vibrational or reciprocating motion.

[0336] In these figures, the rupture tool 100 also includes at least one first connection and / or coupling device 140, which is configured to connect or couple the motion transmission element 122 to a rupture motion generating device 200, 200' (not shown). In addition, the rupture tool 100 includes supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1 that partially surround the motion transmission element 122 and a second connection and / or coupling device 150, which is configured to connect or couple the supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1 to the rupture motion generating device 200, 200'.

[0337] In a specific embodiment, where the rupture motion is a rotational motion, the rupture tool 100 also includes a motion transmission and conversion device ( Figures 1a - 1c not shown in the figures). The device is configured to:

[0338] receive a rotational motion from a rotational motion generating device (such as a drill bit);

[0339] convert the rotational motion into a linear motion and / or a reciprocating motion;

[0340] transfer the linear motion and / or the reciprocating motion to the motion transmission element 122, such that the motion transmission element 122 transfers the linear motion and / or the reciprocating motion to the rupture element 121, causing the rupture element 121 to move from the first position to at least one second position;

[0341] when the rotational motion stops, the linear motion and / or the reciprocating motion also stop, thereby causing the rupture element 121 to move from the at least one second position to the first position.

[0342] Preferably, the motion transmission and conversion device is integrated inside the supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1.

[0343] In Figures 1a - 1c it can also be seen a reference ring 116 around the longitudinal body 110, which can move along the longitudinal body 110. This ring 118 is entirely optional and serves as a reference for the user of the rupture tool 100, especially for informing the user of the depth of reverse cutting.

[0344] Figure 1dshows Figures 1a - 1d an alternative embodiment in which the distal tip 112 is connected to the body 111 by a connecting element configured to position the distal tip 112 in a plurality of angular positions such that for each of the plurality of angular positions, a different second longitudinal axis 102 is formed, each second longitudinal axis 102 forming a different angle α with the first longitudinal axis 101. In this case, the distal tip 112 can be positioned in a plurality of different angular positions, and the rupture element 121 in the second position will be oriented according to one of the plurality of different angular positions.

[0345] Figures 2a to 2d Specific views of the rigid providing element 130 are shown.

[0346] Figure 2a and 2b shows an exploded perspective view of the rigid providing element 130 and other parts of the rupture tool 100 interacting therewith.

[0347] The rigid providing element 130 includes a tubular element 131 which in turn includes a proximal portion 131.1 and a distal portion 131.2.

[0348] The tubular element 131 surrounds the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 of the motion transmission element 122 and houses the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 therein. In addition, the tubular element 131 has dimensions suitable for being housed inside the longitudinal body 110 and can move along the inside of the longitudinal body. This movement is possible because the tubular element houses the motion transmission element 122, that is, when the motion transmission element 122 moves linearly such that the rupture element 121 protrudes through the opening of the distal tip 112, the tubular element 131 also moves as a whole. In addition, the motion transmission element 122 performs a rupture motion about the second rupture axis 122.3, and the rupture element 121 also performs the rupture motion about the first rupture axis 121.1, and the tubular element 131 does not interfere with the rupture motion.

[0349] Figure 2a and 2b The difference between and lies in the different structures of the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 of the motion transmission element 122. In Figure 2a the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 has a structure including a grooved surface, while in Figure 2b the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 has a braided structure. In other embodiments, other structures of the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 are feasible in the context of the present invention.

[0350] In addition, the tubular element 131 includes at least one elongated notch 132, which is arranged in the upper part of the distal portion 131.2 and forms an angle β greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees with respect to the first sagittal plane 103. In the case where there are multiple notches 132, the angle β can be the same for all notches 132 or can be different.

[0351] When the rupture element is in the first position, each of these notches 132 separates the upper part of the distal portion 131.2 into two different segments 132.1, which are separated by a specific interval. The intervals determined by each notch 132 can be the same or different, as long as the sum of the intervals of all notches 132 is substantially zero when the distal portion 131.2 of the tubular element 131 is located in the distal tip 112 of the rupture tool (i.e., when the rupture element 121 is in the second position).

[0352] In one example, the notch 132 has a trapezoidal geometry, and / or a meandering geometry, and / or a sinusoidal geometry, and / or any other geometry, as long as they are arranged to form an angle β (or several angles β) with respect to the first sagittal plane 103.

[0353] In another example, the tubular element 131 includes a modular system, which consists of parts coupled to each other, and these parts are configured as a coiled body in a single sagittal plane, such that when the distal portion 131.2 of the tubular element 131 is located in the distal tip 112 of the rupture tool, the sum of the intervals between the parts is substantially zero.

[0354] In another example, the tubular element 131 includes a tube made of a superelastic nickel-titanium alloy (with or without notches) and an outer polymer layer.

[0355] Figure 2c and 2d The positions of the rigid providing element 130 are shown in detail when the rupture element 121 is in the first position or the second position, respectively.

[0356] In Figure 2c , that is, when the rupture element 121 is in the first position, the proximal portion 131.1 and the distal portion 131.2 of the tubular element 131 are oriented according to the first longitudinal axis 101 because they are located within the longitudinal body 110. In Figure 2dIn the first case, i.e., when the rupture assembly 120 and the rigid providing element 130 have moved, the rupture element 121 is in the second position, and only the proximal portion 131.1 of the tubular element 131 remains oriented according to the first longitudinal axis 101. In other words, the proximal portion 131.1 remains within the longitudinal body 110, while the flexible or articulated distal portion 131.2 of the tubular element 131 is oriented according to the second longitudinal axis 102 or one of the second longitudinal axes 102. In the second case, the flexible or articulated distal portion 131.2 is located in the distal tip 112 of the rupture tool 100, thereby obtaining a curved shape.

[0357] This means that, in the first case, the notch 132 remains open, while in the second case, the notch 132 is almost closed, that is, based on the actual bending position of the tubular element 131, the walls of the continuous segments 132.1 contact each other. Therefore, the tubular element 131 allows providing rigidity to the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 of the movement transmission element 122 in all planes except the first sagittal plane 103, and the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 obtains a curved shape along the first sagittal plane 103. The same rigidity is transmitted to the rupture element 121 when the rupture element 121 is in at least one second position.

[0358] In addition, it can be seen in Figure 2c and 2d that the longitudinal body 110 includes a distal longitudinal groove 114, and the tubular element 131 includes a first protrusion 133. In other examples, there may be multiple distal longitudinal grooves 114 and multiple tubular elements 131 or multiple first protrusions 133.

[0359] The distal longitudinal groove 114 is sized to receive the first protrusion 133 and is configured to cooperate with the first protrusion 133 to guide its movement along the direction of the first sagittal plane 103 as indicated by the arrow in Figure 2d When the tubular element 131 moves from the first position to the second position, the movement of the tubular element 131 occurs simultaneously with the linear movement of the rupture element 121, and vice versa.

[0360] At the same time, the first protrusion 133 is sized to penetrate the distal longitudinal groove 114 and is configured to cooperate with the distal longitudinal groove 114. When the rupture element 121 moves from the first position to the second position, the first protrusion 133 moves along the distal longitudinal groove 114, and vice versa.

[0361] When the rupture element 121 is in the second position, the distal edge of the distal longitudinal groove 113 serves as a stopper for the first protrusion 133, such that in this at least one second position, the spacing between the segments 132.1 of the tubular element 131 is substantially zero, thereby enabling the rupture element 121 to obtain rigidity in the at least one second position.

[0362] Figure 2e Shows in detail different types of rigidity-providing elements 130.

[0363] Figures 3a - 3c An embodiment of the rupture tool 100 is shown, wherein the rupture tool 100 includes a motion transmission and conversion device 160. For this embodiment, the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200' are rotary motion generating devices 200, 200', preferably drilling devices.

[0364] The motion transmission and conversion device 160 of this embodiment includes:

[0365] A first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 161, which can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling devices 200, 200', and the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 161 is configured to receive the rotary motion from the drilling devices 200, 200' and perform the rotary motion;

[0366] A second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 162, connected to the proximal part 122.3 of the motion transmission element 122, and configured to receive the rotary motion from the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 161 and perform the rotary motion and a linear motion;

[0367] A braking actuator 163, which is connected to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 162, and is configured to apply a force to prevent rotation to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 162;

[0368] A return spring 164, configured to apply a linear return force to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 162; and

[0369] A helical sliding coupling structure 165, configured to couple the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 161 with the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 162;

[0370] wherein the helical sliding coupling structure 165 further includes

[0371] A longitudinal coupling part 161.1 connected to the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 161, which includes a first thread 161.2 on its outer surface; and

[0372] A longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1, connected to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element 162, and including a second thread 162.2 on its inner surface;

[0373] Among them, the first thread 161.2 of the longitudinal coupling part 161.1 and the second thread 162.2 of the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1 are configured to cooperate with each other such that when the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1 makes a rotational movement and the longitudinal coupling part 161.1 rotates at a speed less than that of the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1, a linear movement occurs between the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1 and the longitudinal coupling part 161.1, and the thread direction of the helical sliding coupling structure 165 is opposite to the rotational movement direction of the drilling device.

[0374] Figure 3a An assembled view of the motion transmission and conversion device 160 integrated in the support 160.1 is shown. The shape and size of the support 160.1 can vary. Figure 3b and 3c A side cross-sectional view of the support 160.1 is shown to enable observation of the operation of the motion transmission and conversion device 160 of this embodiment. Specifically, Figure 3b A situation is shown where the drilling device (not shown) is not in operation and the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 is in the first position. Figure 3c A situation is shown where the drilling device (not shown) is in operation and the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 is in the second position and linearly moves relative to the first position.

[0375] More specifically, Figure 3a A situation is shown where the drilling device is in an inactive state, that is, when the motion transmission element 122 does not receive any rotational motion. In this case, the force exerted by the return spring 164 is greater than the force that the braking actuator 163 uses to prevent rotation. Therefore, the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 is located at the proximal stop position, and the rupture element (not shown in this figure) is in the first position.

[0376] Figure 3bShows a situation where the drilling device 200 is in an active state. The drilling device provides rotational motion to the first longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 161, and due to the helical sliding coupling structure 165, this element provides the rotational motion to the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162. At this time, the braking actuator 163 increases the rotation-blocking force it transmits to the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162, resulting in a decrease in the rotational speed of the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 relative to the rotational speed of the first longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 161. When the rotation-blocking force of the braking actuator 163 is greater than the linear return force of the return spring 164, the components of the helical sliding coupling structure 165 act as a spindle screw, causing the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 to linearly move forward relative to the first longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 161. This linear forward motion occurs because the thread direction of the helical sliding coupling structure 165 is opposite to the direction of the rotational motion received and transmitted by the first longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 161 coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling device.

[0377] The return spring 164 is gradually compressed during the forward motion, and the force it exerts continuously increases until the point where the forces of the return spring 164 and the braking actuator 163 are the same again. At this time, the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 is located at the distal position, and at the same time, the rupture element 121 is located at at least one second position protruding through the opening 115 of the distal tip 112.

[0378] When the drilling device stops being active, since there is no rotational motion, the force of the return spring 164 is again greater than the force blocking the rotation of the braking actuator 163. In this case, the second longitudinal rotational motion transmission element 162 returns to the proximal stop position under the linear return force of the return spring 164, and the rupture element 121 retracts, returning to the situation shown in Figure 3.

[0379] Optionally, to accelerate this process, the braking actuator 163 includes a spacer with a pressure spring to provide a non-zero initial rotational resistance.

[0380] Figures 4a - 4g Shows an embodiment of the rupture tool 100, where the rupture tool 100 includes a manually activated motion transmission and conversion device 170. For this embodiment, the rupture motion generating device (not shown) is a rotational motion generating device, preferably a drilling device.

[0381] The motion transmission and conversion device 170 of this embodiment includes:

[0382] A male-female sliding coupling structure 173, including:

[0383] The main rotor 171 that can be coupled to the moving drive shaft of the drilling devices 200, 200', the main rotor 171 being configured to receive the rotational movement from the drilling devices 200, 200' and execute the rotational movement;

[0384] The secondary rotor 172 is slidably coupled to the main rotor 171 at its proximal end and is connected to the proximal portion 122.1 of the motion transmission element 122 at its distal end; wherein, the secondary rotor 172 further includes grooves or notches 172.1 having a sinusoidal geometry on its outer surface; and wherein, thanks to the sliding coupling structure, the secondary rotor 172 is configured to linearly move relative to the main rotor 171 in two directions;

[0385] A return spring 174, configured to apply a return force to the secondary rotor 172; and

[0386] A manually actuated controller 175 connected to the fixed plunger 176, the manually actuated controller 175 being configured to cause the fixed plunger 176 to penetrate the grooves or notches 172.1 of the secondary rotor 172;

[0387] Wherein, when the secondary rotor 172 receives the rotational movement from the main rotor 171 and performs the rotational movement, the activation of the manually actuated controller 175 causes the fixed plunger 176 to penetrate the grooves or notches 172.1, so that the secondary rotor 172 performs a linear reciprocating forward and backward movement relative to the main rotor 171, and

[0388] Wherein, the secondary rotor 172 combines and transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward movement with the rotational movement to the motion transmission element 122, and the motion transmission element 122 in turn combines and transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward movement with the rotational movement to the breaking element 121, and,

[0389] Wherein, when the fixed plunger 176 is removed from the grooves or notches 172.1 by deactivating the manually actuated controller 175, the secondary rotor 172 performs a return movement in the distal-proximal direction under the push of the return spring 174.

[0390] Figure 4a The motion transmission and conversion device 170 integrated in the support 170.1 is shown. The shape and size of the support 170.1 can vary. Figure 4b An exploded view of the breaking tool of this embodiment is shown. Figures 4c - 4d A side sectional view of the breaking tool 100 of this embodiment is shown, Figures 4e - 4g A side sectional view of the support 170.1 of the breaking tool 100 is shown to observe the operation of the motion transmission and conversion device 170 of this embodiment.

[0391] In this embodiment, when the component is in the operating state but the manually actuated controller 175 has not been started, i.e., the drilling devices 200, 200' are in the starting state, the rotational movement is transmitted to the main rotor 171, but the fixed plunger 176 has not yet penetrated the sinusoidal slots or notches 172.1 of the secondary rotor 172, and the rupture element 121 is in the first position (inside the body 111 of the rupture tool 100). This is because the force of the return spring 174 pushes the secondary rotor 172 towards the proximal stop position, causing the rupture element 121 to be in the first position inside the body 111 of the rupture tool 100.

[0392] Once the user decides to activate the manually actuated controller 175, the fixed plunger 176 penetrates the notch or groove 172.1 of the secondary rotor 172. Due to the coupling structure 173 between the secondary rotor 172 and the main rotor 171, this penetration causes the secondary rotor 172 to perform a linear reciprocating back-and-forth movement relative to the main rotor 171 while rotating. At the same time, since the secondary rotor 172 is connected to the proximal portion 122.1 of the motion transmission element 122, it transmits not only the rotational movement but also the reciprocating movement to the motion transmission element 122, and the motion transmission element 122 in turn transmits both movements to the rupture element 121. At this time, the rupture element 121 simultaneously describes a rotational movement and a reciprocating movement around the first rupture axis, and the reciprocating movement includes two continuously occurring movements:

[0393] Moving forward from the first position to the second position, where the rupture element 121 protrudes through the opening 115 of the distal tip 112, and

[0394] Moving backward from the second position to a new position, where the rupture element 121 retracts into the distal tip 115.

[0395] The distance traveled by the elements of the rupture tool 100 during these forward and backward movements is determined by the actual geometry of the sinusoidal notch or groove 172.1.

[0396] When the component is no longer operating, i.e., when the drilling devices 200, 200' are in the inactive state and the manually actuated controller 175 is deactivated, the main rotor 171 and the secondary rotor 172 stop performing rotational and reciprocating movements. In this case, as described above, the force of the return spring 174 pushes the secondary rotor 172 to the proximal stop position, and the rupture element 121 returns to the first position, at which time it is again inside the body 111.

[0397] More specifically, Figure 4c A situation is shown where the drilling device (not shown) is in the inactive state, i.e., when the motion transmission element 122 does not receive any rotational movement. In this case, the force of the return spring 174 pushes the secondary rotor 172 to the proximal stop position, and the rupture element 121 is in the first position.

[0398] Figure 4d It shows that the drilling device (not shown) is in an active state, and the manual activation controller 175 is pressed. The drilling device provides a rotational motion to the main rotor 171, and the main rotor provides the rotational motion to the secondary rotor 172. In addition, the fixed plunger 176 cooperates with the sinusoidal notch or groove 172.1 such that the secondary rotor 172 performs a linear reciprocating forward and backward motion, which transmits this motion together with the rotational motion to the motion transmission element 122, and the motion transmission element in turn transmits both motions to the rupture element 121.

[0399] When the fixed plunger 176 is released by manual control, the secondary rotor 172 pushed by the return spring 174 performs a return motion to the starting position, and the rupture element 121 retracts and returns to the state as Figure 4c shown.

[0400] Figure 5a and 5b It shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the motion transmission and conversion device 180 includes an automatically started hydraulic system. For this embodiment, the rupture motion generating device (not shown) is a rotational motion generating device, preferably a drilling device.

[0401] The motion transmission and conversion device 180 of this embodiment includes:

[0402] A male-female sliding coupling structure 183, including:

[0403] A main rotor 181 that can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling devices 200, 200', and the main rotor 181 is configured to receive the rotational motion from the drilling devices 200, 200' and perform the rotational motion;

[0404] A secondary rotor 182 is slidably coupled to the main rotor 181 at its proximal end; wherein, the secondary rotor 182 is configured to linearly move in two directions relative to the main rotor 181 due to the sliding coupling structure, and the secondary rotor 182 includes a rotational pressure generating device 185;

[0405] A return spring 184 for applying a return force to the secondary rotor 182;

[0406] A fluid compartment, including a first chamber 186, a second chamber 187 and a fluid 188; wherein

[0407] There is fluid connectivity between the first chamber 186 and the second chamber 187, and the fluid 188 is disposed inside the first chamber 186 and the second chamber 187;

[0408] The rotary pressure generating device 185 is immersed in the fluid 188 and is disposed between the first chamber 186 and the second chamber 187;

[0409] The secondary rotor 182 is connected to the proximal portion 122.1 of the motion transmission element 122; and wherein:

[0410] When the secondary rotor 182 receives the rotational motion from the primary rotor 181 and performs the rotational motion, the rotary pressure generating device 185 in turn receives the rotational motion and generates a thrust force greater than the restoring force of the return spring 184, causing the fluid 188 to flow from the first chamber 186 to the second chamber 187;

[0411] The flow of the fluid 188 causes the secondary rotor 182 to perform a linear motion in the proximal - distal direction;

[0412] The secondary rotor 182 transmits the linear motion combined with the rotational motion to the motion transmission element 122, and the motion transmission element 122 in turn transmits the linear motion combined with the rotational motion to the rupture element 121, and,

[0413] When the secondary rotor 182 stops receiving the rotational motion from the primary rotor 181, the secondary rotor 182 performs a linear motion in the distal - proximal direction under the push of the return spring 184.

[0414] Figure 5a The motion transmission and conversion device 180 is shown. Figure 5b The rotational motion and the linear motion received and executed by the motion transmission and conversion device 180 are shown by arrows.

[0415] When the assembly is in the operating state, i.e., the drilling devices 200, 200' are in the active state, the rotational motion is transmitted to the primary rotor 181, and the rotational motion is transmitted from the primary rotor 181 to the secondary rotor 182. The secondary rotor 182 in turn transmits the rotational motion to the rotary pressure generating device 185, which is preferably a propeller or a turbine. Since the rotary pressure generating device 185 is immersed in the fluid 188 in the fluid compartment, the thrust force it generates is greater than the thrust force of the return spring 184, resulting in the fluid flowing between the first chamber 186 and the second chamber 187 of the fluid compartment, causing the secondary rotor 182 including the rotary pressure generating device 185 to move forward from the first proximal position to the second distal position due to the linear sliding coupling structure 183 between the primary rotor 181 and the secondary rotor 182.

[0416] In this sense, in the context of this specific embodiment, the linear sliding coupling structure 183 has a dual function:

[0417] The rotational movement of the drilling device (200, 200') is transmitted to the rotary pressure generating device 185 through the primary rotor 181 and the secondary rotor 182, and

[0418] the secondary rotor 182 is allowed to perform a linear movement relative to the primary rotor 181.

[0419] In this sense, when the secondary rotor 182 and the rotary pressure generating device 185 move forward in the proximal-distal direction, they transmit this linear movement to the movement transmission element 122, and the movement transmission element 122 in turn transmits this linear movement to the rupture element 121. Therefore, the rupture element 121 moves from the first position (where the rupture element is located within the main body 111) to the second position (where the rupture element partially protrudes through the opening 115 of the distal tip 112). At the same time, due to the transmission of this movement (drilling device 200, 200' - primary rotor 181 - secondary rotor 182 - movement transmission element 122 - rupture element 121), the rupture element 121 performs a rotational movement around the first rupture axis.

[0420] When the assembly is not operating, i.e., when the drill bits 200, 200' are not working, the force of the return spring 184 pushes the secondary rotor 182 in the distal-proximal direction to the proximal stop position, at which time the rupture element 121 is again in the first position.

[0421] In one embodiment, the fluid is medical hydraulic oil; in another more preferred embodiment, the fluid is sterile water.

[0422] Figures 6a to 6b An embodiment of the rupture tool 100 is shown, in which the rupture tool 100 further includes a rupture guide 300.

[0423] The rupture guide 300 is configured to guide the longitudinal body 110 from the original position to the target position. In the original position, the longitudinal body 110 begins to penetrate the first section of the bone tunnel, and in the target position, the longitudinal body 110 is correctly positioned such that the rupture element 121 moves from the first position to the second position, thereby allowing the second section of the bone tunnel to be carved and a widened intra-articular exit opening to be produced.

[0424] Figure 6a The rupture tool 100 with the rupture guide 300 is shown when the longitudinal body 110 is not inserted into the rupture guide 300, while Figure 6b the rupture tool 100 with the rupture guide 300 is shown when the longitudinal body 110 is inserted into the rupture guide 300.

[0425] Figures 7a - 7f The rupture guide 300 is specifically shown.

[0426] Figure 7aA exploded perspective view of the rupture guide 300 is shown. It can be seen therefrom that the rupture guide 300 includes a tubular guide 310, and the tubular guide further includes

[0427] a longitudinal conduit 311 having a proximal end 311.1 and a distal end 311.2, the longitudinal conduit 311 including a distal appendage 311.3 at the distal end 311.2; and

[0428] a striking edge 312, which is an extension of the longitudinal conduit 311 at the proximal end 311.1.

[0429] The longitudinal conduit 311 is configured to accommodate a longitudinal body 110 therein, and at least one tubular guide 310 is oriented according to a first longitudinal guide axis 321.1.

[0430] The striking edge 312 is configured to receive a striking force in the direction of the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1.

[0431] In this figure, the distal appendage 311.3 is a peripheral groove. Other examples of the distal appendage 311.3 include a triangular lobe tip, two tips, a beveled depression, or a polyhedral surface.

[0432] The rupture guide 300 further includes a guide arch 320, and the guide arch further includes:

[0433] a proximal arcuate portion 321 having a first coupling device 330, the first coupling device 330 being configured to firmly couple and decouple the proximal arcuate portion 321 relative to the tubular guide 310 at a plurality of different positions along the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1;

[0434] a distal arcuate portion 322, which further includes a distal tip 322.2 oriented according to a second longitudinal guide axis 322.1; and

[0435] a second coupling device 340 is configured to couple the distal arcuate portion 322 to the proximal arcuate portion 321 at a plurality of different positions such that for each of said positions, the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1 and at least one second longitudinal guide axis 322.1 form different angles α2 relative to each other.

[0436] As Figure 7a shown, both the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1 and the second longitudinal guide axis 322.1 are included in a second sagittal plane 301.

[0437] Figure 7bShows an exploded perspective view of the rupture guide 300. This figure illustrates how the distal arcuate portion 322 is coupled to the proximal arcuate portion 321 at two different positions by the second coupling means 340. At these two positions, the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1 and the second longitudinal guide axis 322.1 form different angles α2 with each other.

[0438] In addition, Figure 7b Shows how the guide arch 320 is firmly assembled on the tubular guide 310 by the first coupling means 330, specifically, at one of a plurality of different positions provided along the tubular guide 310. In this specific example, the first coupling means 330 of the guide arch 312 is in the form of a cylindrical clamp or clip, as Figure 7c and 7d shown in detail in. To assemble the guide arch 320 on the tubular guide 310, the first coupling means 330 is opened in the direction of the arrow, and once positioned in the desired position, the clamp or clip is closed so that the clamp or clip surrounds the tubular guide 310 in a fixed position.

[0439] Figure 7d The arrow shows how the guide arch 320 is removed from the tubular guide 310, that is, the clamp or clip is opened in the direction of the top arrow.

[0440] Figure 7e A specific embodiment is shown in detail, in which the first coupling means 330 includes a longitudinal ratchet. The longitudinal ratchet includes a series of wedge-shaped teeth or protrusions arranged in the tubular guide 310, and at least one complementary wedge-shaped tooth or protrusion in the guide arch 320, which is sized and configured to be mounted between two consecutive teeth or protrusions of the tubular guide 310. In this sense, when the tubular guide 310 moves relative to the guide arch 320, at least one complementary tooth or protrusion of the guide arch 320 moves along the ratchet from one position to another position, each position being located between two consecutive teeth or protrusions of the guide. In this sense, thanks to the first coupling means 330 of the guide arch, the proximal arcuate portion 321 can be firmly coupled to the tubular guide 310 at a plurality of different positions along at least one.

[0441] Figure 7f A specific embodiment of the interconnection between the body 111 of the longitudinal body 110 and the tubular guide 310 is shown in detail.

[0442] In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the tubular guide 310 further includes a hole 314, which in turn includes a first part 314.1 and a second part 314.2, and the first part 314.1 and the second part 314.2 are connected to each other. Correspondingly, the body 111 of the longitudinal body 110 includes a second protrusion 113.

[0443] The first part 314.1 of the hole (324) is sized and configured to receive and guide the second projection 113 from a proximal position, where the second projection 113 is inserted into the first part 314.1, to a distal position, where the second projection 113 is inserted into the second part 314.2. This occurs when the longitudinal body 110 of the rupture tool 100 is inserted inside the tubular guide 310 of the rupture guide 300 and moved along it.

[0444] The second part 314.2 is sized and configured to abut against the second projection 113 when the first sagittal plane 103 of the rupture tool 100 rotates by an angle γ with respect to the second sagittal plane 301 of the rupture guide 300.

[0445] In this sense, once the second projection 113 is located inside the second part 314.2, it slides along the second part 314.2 of the hole 314 in a direction perpendicular to the second sagittal plane 301 until it abuts against the end or boundary of the second part 314.2. This sliding is due to the rotation of the longitudinal body 110 from left to right and from right to left when it is located inside the rupture guide 300. In this sense, the hole 314 as a whole can limit the angle formed by the first sagittal plane 103 and the second sagittal plane 301.

[0446] In this example, the first part 314.1 of the hole 314 is an elongated part parallel to the second sagittal plane 301, and the second part 314.2 of the hole 314 is a quadrilateral part. The two parts form a "T" shape with each other.

[0447] As described throughout the document, the widening of the intra-articular exit opening is produced in a plane perpendicular to the second sagittal plane 301. Due to the second part 314.2 of the hole 314 according to this embodiment, the user can move the longitudinal body 110 backward in the distal-proximal direction in order to widen the intra-articular exit opening in other planes parallel to the plane in which the tunnel was initially created. Clearly, in this new widening, the user must continue to rotate the longitudinal body 110 from left to right so that the first sagittal plane rotates with respect to the second sagittal plane.

[0448] In a specific embodiment, the tubular guide 310 includes a single longitudinal hole 314, and the body 111 of the longitudinal body 110 includes at least one second projection 113, where the longitudinal hole 314 is sized and configured to receive and guide at least one second projection 113 from a proximal position to a distal position and vice versa.

[0449] Figures 8a - 8bA top view and a perspective view of a plurality of tubular guides 310 are shown. The shapes and / or sizes of the holes 314 of all the guides are different. For example, a tubular guide 310 with a single hole is shown; and a plurality of tubular guides 310 with holes 314 including a first portion 314.1 and a second portion 314.2 having different shapes and sizes are shown.

[0450] Figure 9 Different configured examples of the rupture element 121 are shown.

[0451] Figures 10a to 10i A rupture system 400 for a surgical operation is shown, which includes a rupture motion generating device 200 and a rupture tool 100 according to any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0452] The rupture motion generating device 200, which is a drilling device 200 in this example, is configured to generate and execute a rupture motion, which is a rotational motion in this specific example. In addition, it is configured to transfer the rupture motion to the motion transfer element 122.

[0453] Specifically, Figure 10a A side view of the rupture system 400 is shown, in which the rupture tool 100 is decoupled from the rupture motion generating device 200.

[0454] Figure 10b A side view of the rupture system 400 is shown, in which the rupture tool 100 is coupled to the unactivated rupture motion generating device 200.

[0455] Figure 10c A side view of the rupture system 400 is shown, and it is indicated by an arrow that the rupture motion generating device 200 is activated (the arrow points to the trigger of the drill bit), which causes the rotation and forward movement of the rupture assembly 120, such that the rupture element 121 is in a second position, protruding through the opening 115 of the distal tip 112.

[0456] Figures 10d - 10f The rupture tool 100 in can be connected to the rupture motion generating device 200 through the motion transfer element 122. For this purpose, the rupture tool 100 includes Figure 10f The first connection and / or coupling device 140 shown in detail in, which is configured to connect the motion transfer element 122 to the rupture motion generating device 200.

[0457] Figures 10g - 10iThe rupture tool 100 therein can be coupled to the rupture motion generating device 200 through the motion transmission element 122 and the supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1 via the first connection and / or coupling device 140 and the second connection and / or coupling device 150. Fig. 6i shows in detail the assembly of the first connection and / or coupling device 140 and the second connection and / or coupling device 150, which is configured to couple the motion transmission element 122 and the supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1 to the rupture motion generating device 200.

[0458] Figures 11a - 11c Fig. shows a rupture system 500 for surgical operations, which comprises:

[0459] a rupture motion generating device and a linear reciprocating motion generator 200', configured to generate and execute a rupture motion, and generate and execute a linear or reciprocating motion;

[0460] a rupture tool 100 without a motion transmission and conversion device;

[0461] wherein, the rupture motion and linear or reciprocating motion generating device 200' is further configured to transmit the rupture motion and the linear or reciprocating motion to the motion transmission element 122.

[0462] In this example, the rupture tool 100 is also connected to the rupture motion and linear or reciprocating motion generating device 200' via the first connection and / or coupling device 140 and the second connection and / or coupling device 150.

[0463] In Figures 11a - 11c a specific example of, the rupture motion and linear motion generating device 200' includes mechanical and / or electromagnetic and / or electronic devices for generating a rupture motion and a linear motion or a reciprocating motion, and these motions are started simultaneously by the same button.

[0464] Specifically, Figure 11a Fig. shows a side view of the rupture system 500.

[0465] Figure 11b Fig. shows a sectional view of the rupture system 500, wherein the rupture element 121 is in the first position.

[0466] Figure 11c Fig. shows a sectional view of the rupture system 500, wherein the rupture element 121 is in the second position. Additionally, the arrow indicates that the drilling device 200' has been activated (the arrow points to the trigger of the drill bit), which causes the rupture assembly 120 to rotate and move forward, resulting in the rupture element 121 being in the second position, protruding through the opening of the distal tip 112 while performing a rotational and reciprocating motion.

[0467] For any of the rupture systems 400 and 500 described in this application, the first sagittal plane of the rupture tool 100 can remain in a fixed position relative to the sagittal plane of the rupture motion generating device.

[0468] In a specific embodiment not depicted in the figures, the first sagittal plane 103 of the rupture tool 100 can rotate between multiple positions, and for each position, the first sagittal plane 103 of the rupture tool 100 rotates relative to the sagittal plane of the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200'.

[0469] Advantageously, the rotation of the first sagittal plane 103 of the rupture tool 100 relative to the sagittal plane of the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200' allows the sagittal plane of the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200' to be held in a fixed position and only the rupture tool 100 to rotate, which is beneficial for the usability and accuracy of the rupture tool 100.

[0470] In a specific embodiment, the rupture systems 400 and 500 include a disposable rupture tool 100.

[0471] In another specific embodiment, the rupture systems 400 and 500 include a rupture tool 100 and rupture motion generating devices 200, 200', which are disposable except for the motors and batteries of the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200'.

[0472] Figure 12a The state of the art of reverse reaming of a bone tunnel using a rupture tool having a single axis of rotation coinciding with the rupture axis is shown: reverse cutting only provides a cylindrical widening of the first bone tunnel.

[0473] Figure 12b An angled bone tunnel created and widened using the rupture tool of the present invention is shown.

[0474] Figure 12c Different examples of widening a straight bone tunnel using the rupture tool of the present invention are shown.

[0475] The first example of a surgical procedure using the rupture system of the present invention, particularly for repairing the supraspinatus tendon of the shoulder joint.

[0476] In a second aspect of the invention, complementary to the first aspect, the present invention provides a first method for reaming an angled bone tunnel with a widened intra-articular exit opening in a human or animal body during connective tissue repair. The method is illustrated in Figure 13a by a flow chart.

[0477] The method includes the following steps:

[0478] Create a first straight section 1 of an angled bone tunnel in the bone to be carved, the entrance opening of which is in the outer cortex of the bone;

[0479] Provide a fracture system 400 or a fracture system 500 including the fracture tool 100 of the present invention;

[0480] Insert the longitudinal body 110 of the fracture tool into the first straight section 1; place the distal tip 112 in the distal section of the first section of the bone tunnel, and orient the second longitudinal axis in the desired direction;

[0481] Start the operation of the fracture system 400 or the fracture system 500 by manually or automatically moving the fracture element 121 from the first position to the second position, so as to carve out a second straight section 2 of the angled bone tunnel during the movement, the exit opening of which is located in the inner cortex and is angled α with respect to the first straight section 1 of the bone tunnel;

[0482] Rotate the body 111 of the fracture tool left and right, so as to expand the intra-articular exit opening of the angled bone tunnel to the desired angle by using the fracture element 121;

[0483] Stop the operation of the fracture tool and manually or automatically return the fracture element 121 to the first position; and

[0484] Remove the fracture tool from the angled bone tunnel 1-2-3 widened by using the fracture tool of the present invention.

[0485] In this embodiment, step a) is performed by using any fracture tool capable of carving a straight bone tunnel in the bone, such as a drill bit or a milling cutter connected to a surgical drill.

[0486] In a specific embodiment, the connective tissue to be repaired is the supraspinatus tendon of the shoulder joint.

[0487] Figure 13b Different parts of the bone tunnel carved in the greater tubercle of the humerus are specifically shown:

[0488] 1) Side view and front view of the first straight section 1 of the bone tunnel.

[0489] 2) Side view and front view of the first straight section 1 and the second straight section 2 of the bone tunnel.

[0490] 3) Side view, front view and perspective view of the complete bone tunnel with the intra-articular exit opening 2-3 expanded by using any system of the present invention.

[0491] Figure 13c A more preferred specific embodiment is shown, in which the fracture systems 400, 500 used in the method include a fracture tool 100, and the fracture tool further includes a fracture guide 300.

[0492] In the embodiment of this method, steps b) and c) include the following sub-steps:

[0493] b1) Insert the distal tip 322.2 of the distal portion 322 of the guiding arch 320 of the rupture guide 300 into the patient's body, and position the distal tip 322.2 at approximately the center of the original insertion footprint;

[0494] b2) Align the guiding arch 320 parallel to the coronal plane, and position the distal end of the tubular guide 310 of the rupture guide 300 in the outer cortex of the bone to be milled, at a distance of between approximately 15 and 25 millimeters from the greater tubercle;

[0495] b3) Use a drill bit with a laser depth marker to mill the first straight section of the angled bone tunnel;

[0496] b4) Remove the drill bit and apply a striking force to the struck edge 312 of the tubular guide 310, so that the distal appendage 311.3 of the tubular guide 310 penetrates the first section 1 of the bone tunnel;

[0497] b5) Insert the longitudinal body 110 of the rupture tool 100 into the longitudinal conduit 311 of the tubular guide 310;

[0498] b6) Decouple the guiding arch 320 from the tubular guide 310;

[0499] Preferably, in step b2), select a tubular guide 310 that satisfies the following conditions: its positioning hole 314 must have a length adapted to the patient's anatomy.

[0500] In addition, using the rupture tool 100 including the rupture guide 300, step e) of this method will include the following sub-steps:

[0501] e) Activate the rupture systems 400, 500, insert the longitudinal body 110 of the rupture tool 100 into the longitudinal conduit 311, and rotate the longitudinal body 110 left and right relative to the second sagittal plane 303, so as to widen the outlet opening of the second bone tunnel 2 into a fan shape or a funnel shape 3.

[0502] In a more specific embodiment, the left and right rotation of the longitudinal body 110 relative to the second sagittal plane 303 is restricted by the interaction between the hole 314 of the rupture guide 300 and the first protrusion 113 of the longitudinal body 110.

[0503] In another embodiment, the method further includes a sub-step of, when the rupture system 400 is activated, moving the longitudinal body 110 backward in the distal-proximal direction and / or moving the longitudinal body 110 forward in the proximal-distal direction by a specific distance, and rotating the longitudinal body 110 left and right relative to the second sagittal plane 303, so as to widen the outlet opening of the second bone tunnel 2 in a fan shape or a funnel shape 3 in one or more planes parallel to the plane initially created in step e).

[0504] Figure 13d A musculoskeletal diagram of the bone tunnels 1-2-3 carved using the rupture system 400 or the rupture system 500 of the present invention and the insertion of a graft for repairing the supraspinatus tendon of the shoulder joint is shown.

[0505] In a specific example of repairing a damaged supraspinatus tendon of the rotator cuff, the size of the intra-articular outlet opening of the bone tunnel to be created must allow the insertion of the end of the damaged tendon, the thickness measurement of which at the height of the shoulder tendon is 4 mm to 5 mm and the width measurement is 20 mm to 25 mm. However, these specific measurement ranges provided in the previous examples must be adjusted according to each anatomy and the final application of the rupture tool, which, in general use, is applicable to any connective tissue and / or cartilage tissue and / or bone tissue in rupture medicine or veterinary medicine.

[0506] Once an angled bone tunnel is formed by any one of the rupture systems 400, 500 of the present invention and the intra-articular outlet opening is widened into a fan shape or a funnel shape, the end of the supraspinatus tendon being repaired is sutured, and the suture tape passes through the widened angled bone tunnel 1-2-3, for example, through a curved suture passer. Figure 13d The lower left part shows the end of the tendon that has passed through the anatomically widened opening of the bone tunnel and the suture tape emerging from the bone tunnel. Figure 13d The lower right part shows the suture tape 20 fixed by the cortical multi-suture fixing device 10, which may be, for example, the device described in Patent US 5,630,824 or the device described in European Patent EP3141216B1.

[0507] Figure 13e Shows Figure 13d A perspective view of the same method shown in the middle and bottom. Specifically, the figure shows the widened angled bone tunnel 1-2-3 created using any one of the rupture systems 400, 500 of the present invention and the repair of a partial rupture of the supraspinatus tendon using the suture tape 20, with the end of the tendon passing through the anatomically widened opening of the bone tunnel by the suture tape 20. The lower right part of the figure shows the suture tape 20 fixed by the cortical multi-suture fixing device 10, which may be, for example, the device described in Patent US 5,630,824 or the device described in European Patent EP3141216B1.

[0508] Figure 13f Shows an overall view of the method steps for repairing a complete rupture of the supraspinatus tendon. The method requires creating an angled bone tunnel 1-2-3 widened by any one of the rupture systems 400, 500 of the present invention, and using reinforcing tissue 30 and a suture tape 20 through which the ends of the reinforcing tissue 30 pass through the anatomically widened opening of the bone tunnel. Figure 13f In the lower right part, it shows that the suture tape 20 is fixed by a cortical multi-suture fixing device 10, which can be, for example, the device described in patent US 5,630,824 or the device described in European patent EP3141216 B1.

[0509] In a specific embodiment, the reinforcing tissue 30 is acellular dermal tissue. In another specific embodiment, the reinforcing tissue 30 includes biodegradable biopolymer fibers. In another specific embodiment, the reinforcing tissue 30 includes a bioabsorbable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) oriented microfiber scaffold.

[0510] Considering that the reported failure rate of complete rupture of the supraspinatus tendon is as high as 68% (Jost B, Pfirrmann CWA, Gerber C. Clinical outcome after structural failure of rotator cuff repairs. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000;82:304-14.), in both cases, the goal is to achieve vascular reconstruction of the tendon end through osseointegration of the reinforcing tissue 30.

[0511] A second example of a surgical procedure using the rupture system of the present invention, particularly for repairing the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint.

[0512] In a third aspect of the invention, which is also complementary to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a second method for carving and / or reverse-carving an anatomical bone tunnel in a human or animal body during connective tissue repair. The method is shown in Figure 14a by a flowchart.

[0513] The method includes the following steps:

[0514] Create straight bone tunnels 4, 4', the entrance openings of which are located in the outer bone cortex of the bone to be carved, and the exit openings are located in the inner bone cortex of the said bone;

[0515] Provide a rupture system 400 or a rupture system 500 including the rupture tool 100 of the present invention;

[0516] Insert the body 111 of the rupture tool 100 into the straight bone tunnel; place the distal tip 112 in the distal segment of the bone tunnel and orient the second longitudinal axis 102 in a first direction;

[0517] Start the rupture system by manually or automatically moving the rupture element 121 forward from a first position to a second position, thereby cutting out a first widened section 5, 5' during its movement;

[0518] Move the cutting rupture tool backward and back-cut the first widened section 5, 5' of the bone tunnel by a required distance;

[0519] (This step is an optional step) Place the distal tip 112 again in the distal segment of the bone tunnel and orient the second longitudinal axis 102 in a second direction; wherein, the first direction and the second direction form an angle α greater than zero degree with respect to each other;

[0520] (This step is an optional step) Start the rupture tool and cut out a second widened section 6, 6' of the straight bone tunnel 4, 4';

[0521] (This step is an optional step) Move the rupture tool backward and back-cut the second widened section 6, 6' of the bone tunnel to a required distance;

[0522] Return the rupture element 121 to the first position, wherein the first longitudinal axis 101 and the second longitudinal axis 102 are coaxial and deactivate the rupture system 400 or the rupture system 500; and

[0523] Remove the rupture tool 100 from the anatomically widened bone tunnel.

[0524] Throughout the specification, "back-cutting" should be understood as the action of moving the rupture element from a first distal position in the bone tunnel back to a second proximal position in the bone tunnel, such that by this action, the bone tunnel segment passed by the rupture element is widened.

[0525] Steps d), e) and f) are optional, so in a specific embodiment, a single widened section is cut. This particular embodiment is particularly suitable for the anatomic repair of the ACL using a single semitendinosus graft, which is folded and configured with three branches, having two free ends and two curved ends.

[0526] In a specific embodiment, the connective tissue for performing the foregoing method is the cruciate ligament of the knee joint.

[0527] In a specific embodiment, the user performing the method using the rupture tool can use the reference ring 116 to understand the depth of back-cutting. The reference ring 116 is placed around the longitudinal body 110 and is movable along the longitudinal body 110.

[0528] In a specific embodiment, a user uses a splitting tool 100 of the present invention including a splitting guide 300 to perform the method. In a more specific embodiment, the splitting tool 100 includes a reference ring 116 that is placed around the longitudinal body 110 and is movable along the longitudinal body 110, thereby allowing the user to know the depth of reverse reaming.

[0529] More specifically, when widening a straight bone tunnel for the ACL, when the distal tip 112 protrudes through the intra-articular opening of the straight bone tunnel to be widened, the user places the reference ring 116 at the proximal end of the first coupling device 322 that contacts the guiding arch 320 of the splitting guide 300. Then, the user rotates the splitting tool including the tubular guide 310 to the desired position and starts reverse reaming, such that the distance by which the reference ring is separated from the proximal end of the first coupling device 322 indicates to the user the depth of reverse reaming.

[0530] Figure 14b The steps of the foregoing method performed on the tibia are shown:

[0531] Point 1 shows a straight bone tunnel 4 created using a splitting tool (such as a drill bit), the entrance opening of which is in the outer cortex of the bone to be reamed and the exit opening is in the inner cortex of said bone;

[0532] Point 2 shows how the longitudinal body 110 of the splitting tool 100 is inserted through the straight bone tunnel 4 when the splitting system 500 is not activated;

[0533] Point 3 shows how the splitting tool 100 is rotated so that the second longitudinal axis 102 is oriented in a first direction and the splitting systems 400, 500 are activated, and the splitting element 121 extends through the distal tip 112 of the splitting tool 100;

[0534] Point 4 shows how the splitting tool 100 is moved backward a specific distance along the straight bone tunnel 4 to ream the first widened section 5 of the straight bone tunnel 4; then, the splitting systems 400, 500 will be deactivated and the longitudinal body 110 will be inserted again until the end of the straight bone tunnel 4;

[0535] Point 5 shows how the splitting tool 100 is rotated so that the second longitudinal axis 102 is oriented in a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction form an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to each other; additionally, at this time, it is shown that the splitting system 500 is restarted so that the splitting element 121 extends through the distal tip 112 of the splitting tool 100;

[0536] Finally, point 6 shows how the splitting tool 100 is moved backward a specific distance along the straight bone tunnel 4 to ream the second widened section 6 of the straight bone tunnel 4.

[0537] After these operations, the bursting systems 400, 500 are deactivated to retract the bursting element 121, and finally the bursting tool 100 together with the first widening section 5 and the second widening section 6 is removed from the straight bone tunnel (4).

[0538] Figure 14c The straight bone tunnel 4 on the tibia is shown in detail, as well as its first widening section 5 and second widening section 6:

[0539] 1) Perspective view of the straight bone tunnel 4.

[0540] 2) Perspective view of the straight bone tunnel 4 with the first widening section 5 cut by the bursting tool of the present invention.

[0541] 3) Perspective view of the straight bone tunnel 4 with the first widening section 5 and the second widening section 6 cut by the bursting tool of the present invention.

[0542] Figure 14d The steps of performing the foregoing method on the femur are shown:

[0543] Point 1 shows the straight bone tunnel 4' created by a bursting tool (e.g., a drill bit), whose inlet opening is in the outer cortex of the bone to be cut, and the outlet opening is in the inner cortex of the bone, and also shows how the longitudinal body 110 of the bursting tool 100 is inserted into the straight bone tunnel 4' when the bursting systems 400, 500 are not activated;

[0544] Point 2 shows how to rotate the bursting tool 100 so that the second longitudinal axis 102 is oriented in the first direction;

[0545] Points 3 and 4 show the activation of the bursting systems 400, 500, and the bursting element 121 extends through the distal tip 112 of the bursting tool 100 to back-cut the first widening section 5' of the straight bone tunnel 4';

[0546] Point 5 shows the deactivation of the bursting systems 400, 500 and their subsequent rotation, which attempts to orient the second longitudinal axis 102 of the bursting tool 100 in the second direction, where the first direction and the second direction form an angle of 180 degrees with respect to each other;

[0547] Points 6 and 7 show the restart of the bursting systems 400, 500 to extend the bursting element 121 through the distal tip 112 of the bursting tool 100 to back-cut the second widening section 6' of the straight bone tunnel 4';

[0548] After these operations, the bursting systems 400, 500 will be deactivated to retract the bursting element 121 to the second position, and finally the bursting tool will be removed, leaving the cut straight bone tunnel 4' as well as the first widening section 5' and the second widening section 6', as Figure 14das shown at point 8 in

[0549] Figure 14e A straight bone tunnel 4' milled in the femur, its first widened section 5' and second widened section 6' are shown in detail:

[0550] 1) Perspective view of the straight bone tunnel 4.

[0551] 2) Perspective view of the straight bone tunnel 4 with a first widened section 5 milled using the fracturing system 500 of the present invention.

[0552] 3) Perspective view of the straight bone tunnel 4 with a first widened section 5' and a second widened section 6' milled using the fracturing systems 400, 500 of the present invention.

[0553] In a specific example of reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament, the intra-articular exit of the bone tunnel to be created must be able to insert fibrous material, which in the Caucasian population typically has a thickness of 2 to 4 mm and a width of 12 to 18 mm. However, these specific measurement ranges provided in the previous examples must be adjusted according to the specific anatomy of other populations, the specific anatomy of a particular patient, the type of implant and / or technique used, and / or the ultimate application of the fracturing tool in medicine or veterinary medicine.

[0554] Figure 14f A general view of the steps of a method for restoring the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the right knee is shown. Specifically, step 1) shows a general view of the joint, where the bone tunnel is anatomically widened by the fracturing tool of the present invention. Step 2) shows inserting a suture tape into the tibial bone tunnel, and using this suture tape to pull two branches of the quadruple-folded semitendinosus tendon graft into the tibial bone tunnel. Step 3) shows inserting the suture tape at the femoral end of the implant into the femoral bone tunnel. Step 4) shows the anatomical torsion of the implant when restoring the C-shaped insertion footprint of the original ACL.

[0555] Figure 14g A general view of the steps of a method for restoring the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the right knee is shown. Specifically, step 1) shows a general view of the joint, where the femoral bone tunnel is anatomically widened by the fracturing tool of the present invention and has a conventional cylindrical tibial bone tunnel. Steps 2) and 3) show inserting the semitendinosus-gracilis tendon implant into the joint. Step 4) shows the anatomical torsion of the implant, which in this case is achieved by holding the ends of the implant on both sides of the cortical fixation device 10, such as the device described in European Patent EP3141216B1 and European Patent Application EP3897455A1.

[0556] In a preferred illustrative embodiment as "Example 1", a fracturing tool 100 for minimally invasive surgery is proposed, comprising:

[0557] A longitudinal body 110, which further comprises

[0558] A body 111 oriented according to a first longitudinal axis 101; and

[0559] A distal tip 112 connected to the body 111, including an opening 115 oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis 102, the distal tip 112 forming a ramp relative to the body 111;

[0560] Wherein the first longitudinal axis 101 and the at least one second longitudinal axis 102 form an angle α equal to or greater than zero degrees with each other, and wherein the first longitudinal axis 101 and the at least one second longitudinal axis 102 are contained in a first sagittal plane 103;

[0561] A rupture assembly 120, comprising:

[0562] A rupture element 121, including a first rupture axis 121.1, and configured to receive and perform a rupture movement about the first rupture axis 121.1, and to receive and perform a linear movement, moving along the longitudinal body 110 from a first position to at least one second position and vice versa, wherein:

[0563] If the rupture element 121 is in the first position, the rupture element 121 is oriented along the first longitudinal axis 101 within the body 111; and

[0564] If the rupture element 121 is in the second position, the rupture element 121 is oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis 102 protruding through the opening 115 of the distal tip 112 at least partially; and

[0565] A motion transmission element 122, including a proximal portion 122.1, a flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2 and a second rupture axis 122.3, the motion transmission element 122 being firmly connected to the rupture element 121 through the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.2, and configured to:

[0566] Receive and perform a rupture movement about the second rupture axis 122.3 and transmit the rupture movement to the rupture element 121; and

[0567] Receive and perform a linear movement, moving along the longitudinal body 110; and for transmitting the linear movement to the rupture element 121;

[0568] At least one rigidity providing device 130, configured to provide rigidity to the rupture assembly 120 when the rupture element 121 is in the second position protruding through the opening 115 of the distal tip 112 at least partially.

[0569] "Example 2". The rupture tool 100 according to "Example 1", wherein the distal tip 112 is connected to the body 111:

[0570] Firmly, as an extension of the body 111; or

[0571] By a connecting element configured to position the distal tip 112 in a plurality of angular positions such that for each of the plurality of angular positions, at least one second longitudinal axis 102 forms a different angle α with the first longitudinal axis 101.

[0572] "Example 3". The rupture tool 100 according to "Example 1" or "Example 2", wherein the rigidity providing means 130 includes a tubular element 131, which in turn includes a proximal portion 131.1 and a distal portion 131.2; wherein the tubular element 131:

[0573] Is sized and configured to move along the longitudinal body 110;

[0574] Is sized and configured to at least partially receive the flexible or articulated distal portion 122.1 of the motion transmission element 122, and is configured to orient the distal portion 131.2 according to the first longitudinal axis 101 when the rupture element 121 is in the first position; and

[0575] Is configured to orient the distal portion 131.2 according to at least one second longitudinal axis 102 when the rupture element 121 is in at least one second position.

[0576] "Example 4". The rupture tool 100 according to the foregoing "Examples", wherein the tubular element 131 further includes at least one elongated notch 132 provided in the distal portion 131.2, forming at least one angle β greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees with respect to the first sagittal plane 103, wherein:

[0577] Each of the at least one elongated notch 132 separates two different segments 132.1 of the distal portion 131.2 of the tubular element 131; and

[0578] When the rupture element 121 is in at least one second position, the sum of the intervals between the respective segments 132.1 of the tubular element 131 is substantially zero.

[0579] "Example 5". The rupture tool 100 according to any one of "Example 3" or "Example 4", wherein the longitudinal body 110 further includes at least one distal longitudinal groove 114, and the tubular element 131 further includes at least one first protrusion 133, wherein

[0580] At least one distal longitudinal groove 114 includes a distal limit and a proximal limit;

[0581] At least one distal longitudinal groove 114 is sized to receive at least one first protrusion 133 and is configured to cooperate with the first protrusion 133 to guide the tubular element 131 in the direction of the first sagittal plane 103 when the rupture element 121 moves from the first position to at least one second position and vice versa; and

[0582] At least one first protrusion 133 is sized to penetrate at least one distal longitudinal groove 114 and is configured to cooperate with the distal longitudinal groove 114 such that when the rupture element 121 moves from the first position to at least one second position, the first protrusion 133 moves along the distal longitudinal groove 114 and vice versa; and

[0583] When the rupture element 121 is in at least one second position, at least one first protrusion 133 abuts against the distal end limit of at least one distal longitudinal groove 114.

[0584] "Embodiment 6". The rupture tool 100 according to any of the foregoing "Embodiments" further includes at least one first connection and / or coupling device 140 configured to connect or couple the motion transfer element 122 to the rupture motion generating device 200, 200'.

[0585] "Embodiment 7". The rupture tool 100 according to any of the foregoing "Embodiments" further includes supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1 that at least partially surround the motion transfer element 122 and a second connection and / or coupling device 150 configured to connect or couple the supports 160.1, 170.1, 180.1 to the rupture motion generating device 200, 200'.

[0586] "Embodiment 8". The rupture tool 100 according to any of the foregoing "Embodiments" further includes a rupture guide 300 configured to guide the longitudinal body 110 from an original position to at least one target position, wherein the rupture guide 300 includes:

[0587] At least one tubular guide 310, which in turn includes:

[0588] A longitudinal conduit 311 having a proximal end 311.1 and a distal end 311.2; the longitudinal conduit 311 includes a distal appendage 311.3 at the distal end 311.2; and

[0589] An impact edge 312, which is an extended portion of the longitudinal conduit 311 at the proximal end 311.1; and

[0590] wherein the longitudinal conduit 311 is configured to receive the longitudinal body 110,

[0591] At least one tubular guide 310 is oriented according to a first longitudinal guide axis 321.1; and

[0592] The struck edge 312 is configured to receive a striking force in the direction of the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1; and

[0593] A guide arch 320, which in turn includes:

[0594] A proximal arcuate portion 321, which in turn includes a first coupling device 330 configured to securely couple and decouple the proximal arcuate portion 321 relative to the tubular guide 310 at a plurality of different positions along the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1;

[0595] A distal arcuate portion 322, which in turn includes a distal tip 322.2 oriented according to a second longitudinal guide axis 322.1;

[0596] A second coupling device 340, configured to couple the distal arcuate portion 322 to the proximal arcuate portion 321 at a plurality of different positions such that for each said position, the first longitudinal guide axis 321.1 and at least one second longitudinal guide axis 322.1 form a different angle α2 relative to each other; and

[0597] The first longitudinal guide axis 321.1 and at least one second longitudinal guide axis 322.1 are included in a second sagittal plane 301.

[0598] "Embodiment 9". The rupture tool 100 according to the foregoing "Embodiment", wherein

[0599] At least one tubular guide 310 further includes a hole 314, which in turn includes a first portion 314.1 and a second portion 314.2, and the body 111 of the longitudinal body 110 includes at least one second protrusion 113;

[0600] The first portion 314.1 of the hole 314 is sized and configured to receive the second protrusion 113 and guide it from a proximal position to the second portion 314.2 when the longitudinal body 110 of the rupture tool 100 is inserted into the interior of at least one tubular guide 310 of the rupture guide 300 and moved along it; and

[0601] The second portion 314.2 is sized and configured to abut against the second protrusion 113 when the first sagittal plane 103 of the rupture tool 100 is rotated by an angle γ relative to the second sagittal plane 301 of the rupture guide 300.

[0602] "Embodiment 10". The rupture tool 100 according to "Embodiment 8", wherein

[0603] At least one tubular guide 310 further includes at least one longitudinal hole 314, and the body 111 of the longitudinal body 110 includes at least one second protrusion 113;

[0604] wherein, the size of at least one longitudinal hole 314 is configured to receive and guide at least one second protrusion 113 from a proximal position to a distal position, and vice versa.

[0605] "Embodiment 11". The rupture tool 100 according to "Embodiment 9" or "Embodiment 10", wherein the rupture guide 300 includes a plurality of tubular guides 320, wherein:

[0606] the size of the hole 314; and / or

[0607] the shape of the hole 314; and / or

[0608] the size of the first part 314.1 of the hole 314; and / or

[0609] the shape of the first part 314.1 of the hole 314; and / or

[0610] the size of the second part 314.2 of the hole 314; and / or

[0611] the shape of the second part 314.2 of the hole 314

[0612] The above-mentioned attributes of each tubular guide 320 are different from each other.

[0613] "Embodiment 12". The rupture tool 100 according to any one of "Embodiments 8-11", wherein the distal appendage 311.3 includes:

[0614] a triangular leaf tip; or

[0615] two tips; or

[0616] a bevel groove; or

[0617] a polyhedral surface.

[0618] "Embodiment 13". The rupture tool 100 according to any one of the foregoing "Embodiments", wherein the rupture movement is a rotational movement, and the rupture tool 100 further includes motion transmission and conversion devices 160, 170, 180, which are configured to:

[0619] receive a rotational movement from the rotational movement generating devices 200, 200';

[0620] convert the rotational movement into a linear movement and / or a reciprocating movement;

[0621] Transfer linear and / or reciprocating motion to the motion transfer element 122 such that the motion transfer element 122 transfers the linear and / or reciprocating motion to the rupture element 121 to move it from a first position to at least one second position;

[0622] When the rotational motion stops, stop the linear and / or reciprocating motion such that the rupture element 121 moves from at least one second position to the first position.

[0623] "Embodiment 14". The rupture tool 100 according to the foregoing "Embodiment", wherein the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200' are drilling devices 200, 200', and the motion transfer and conversion device 160 includes:

[0624] A first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 161, which can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling devices 200, 200', and the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 161 is configured to receive the rotational motion from the drilling devices 200, 200' and perform the rotational motion;

[0625] A second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 162, connected to the proximal portion 122.1 of the motion transfer element 122, and configured to receive the rotational motion from the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 161 and perform the rotational motion and linear motion;

[0626] A braking actuator 163, which is connected to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 162 and is configured to apply a force to prevent rotation to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 162,

[0627] A return spring 164, configured to apply a linear return force to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 162; and

[0628] A helical sliding coupling structure 165, configured to couple the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 161 with the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 162;

[0629] wherein the helical sliding coupling structure 165 further includes

[0630] A longitudinal coupling portion 161.1 connected to the first longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 161, which includes a first thread 161.2 on its outer surface; and

[0631] A longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1, connected to the second longitudinal rotational motion transfer element 162, and including a second thread 162.2 on its inner surface;

[0632] Among them, the first thread 161.2 of the longitudinal coupling part 161.1 and the second thread 162.2 of the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1 are configured to cooperate with each other, such that when the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1 performs a rotational movement and the longitudinal coupling part 161.1 rotates at a speed less than that of the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1, the longitudinal coupling conduit 162.1 undergoes a linear movement relative to the longitudinal coupling part 161.1, and the thread direction of the helical sliding coupler 165 is opposite to the rotational movement direction of the drilling device.

[0633] "Embodiment 15". The fracturing tool 100 according to "Embodiment 13", wherein the fracturing movement generating devices 200, 200' are drilling devices 200, 200', and the movement transmission and conversion device 170 includes:

[0634] A male-female sliding coupling structure 173, including:

[0635] A main rotor 171 that can be coupled to the movement transmission shaft of the drilling devices 200, 200', the main rotor 171 being configured to receive the rotational movement from the drilling devices 200, 200' and perform the rotational movement;

[0636] A secondary rotor 172, whose proximal end is slidably coupled to the main rotor 171 and whose distal end is connected to the proximal part 122.1 of the movement transmission element 122; wherein, the secondary rotor 172 further includes grooves or notches 172.1 having a sinusoidal geometry on its outer surface; and wherein, thanks to the sliding coupling structure, the secondary rotor 172 is configured to linearly move relative to the main rotor 171 in two directions;

[0637] A return spring 174, configured to apply a return force to the secondary rotor 172; and

[0638] A manual start controller 175 connected to a fixed plunger 176, the manual start controller 175 being configured to cause the fixed plunger 176 to penetrate the grooves or notches 172.1 of the secondary rotor 172;

[0639] Wherein, when the secondary rotor 172 receives the rotational movement from the main rotor 171 and performs the rotational movement, the start of the controller 175 causes the fixed plunger 176 to penetrate the grooves or notches 172.1, so that the secondary rotor 172 performs a linear reciprocating back-and-forth movement relative to the main rotor 171, and

[0640] Wherein, the secondary rotor 172 combines and transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward movement with the rotational movement to the movement transmission element 122, and the movement transmission element 122 in turn combines and transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward movement with the rotational movement to the fracturing element 121, and,

[0641] Wherein, when the fixed plunger 176 is removed from the groove or notch 172.1 by releasing the controller 175, the secondary rotor 172 performs a return movement in the distal-proximal direction under the push of the return spring 174.

[0642] "Embodiment 16". The rupture tool 100 according to "Embodiment 13", wherein the rupture movement generating devices 200, 200' are drilling devices 200, 200', and the movement transmission and conversion device 180 includes:

[0643] A male-female sliding coupling structure 183, including:

[0644] A main rotor 181 that can be coupled to the movement transmission shaft of the drilling devices 200, 200'. The main rotor 181 is configured to receive the rotational movement from the drilling devices 200, 200' and is used to execute the rotational movement;

[0645] A secondary rotor 182 is slidably coupled to the main rotor 181 at its proximal end; wherein, due to the sliding coupling structure, the secondary rotor 182 is configured to linearly move relative to the main rotor 181 in two directions, and wherein the secondary rotor 182 includes a rotational pressure generating device 185;

[0646] A return spring 184 for applying a return force to the secondary rotor 182;

[0647] A fluid compartment, including a first chamber 186, a second chamber 187, and a fluid 188; wherein

[0648] The first chamber 186 and the second chamber 187 are in fluid communication, and the fluid 188 is located inside the first chamber 186 and / or the second chamber 187;

[0649] The rotational pressure generating device 185 is immersed in the fluid 188 and is provided between the first chamber 186 and the second chamber 187;

[0650] The secondary rotor 182 is connected to the proximal part 122.1 of the movement transmission element 122; wherein:

[0651] When the secondary rotor 182 receives the rotational movement from the main rotor 181 and performs the rotational movement, the rotational pressure generating device 185 also receives the rotational movement and generates a thrust force greater than the return force of the return spring 184, causing the fluid 188 to flow from the first chamber 186 to the second chamber 187;

[0652] The flow of the fluid 188 causes the secondary rotor 182 to perform a linear movement in the proximal-distal direction;

[0653] The secondary rotor 182 transfers the linear motion and rotational motion combinedly to the motion transfer element 122, and the motion transfer element 122 transfers the linear motion and rotational motion combinedly to the rupture element 121, and,

[0654] When the secondary rotor 182 stops receiving the rotational motion from the primary rotor 181, the secondary rotor 182 makes a linear motion in the distal-proximal direction under the push of the return spring 184.

[0655] "Embodiment 17". A rupture system 400 for minimally invasive surgery, comprising:

[0656] Rupture motion generating devices 200, 200', configured to generate and execute rupture motion;

[0657] At least one rupture tool 100 according to any of the foregoing "Embodiments"; at least couplable to the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200' through the motion transfer element 122;

[0658] Wherein, the rupture motion generating devices 200, 200' are further configured to transfer the rupture motion to the motion transfer element 122.

[0659] "Embodiment 18". A rupture system 500 for minimally invasive surgery comprises:

[0660] Rupture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device 200', configured to generate and execute rupture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion;

[0661] At least one rupture tool 100 according to any one of "Embodiment 1" to "Embodiment 12", which is at least couplable to the rupture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device 200' through the motion transfer element 122; wherein

[0662] The rupture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device 200' is further configured to transfer the rupture motion and linear and / or reciprocating motion to the motion transfer element 122.

[0663] "Embodiment 19". The rupture system 500 according to the foregoing "Embodiments", wherein the rupture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device 200' includes a mechanical and / or electronic and / or electromagnetic device.

Claims

1. A rupture tool (100) for minimally invasive surgery, for creating a bone tunnel suitable for correct anatomical reconstruction of tendons and ligaments, comprising: a longitudinal body (110), comprising: a body (111) oriented according to a first longitudinal axis (101); and a distal tip (112) connected to the body (111), comprising an opening (115) oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis (102), the distal tip (112) forming a ramp with respect to the body (111); wherein the first longitudinal axis (101) and at least one second longitudinal axis (102) form an angle α greater than zero with each other, and wherein the first longitudinal axis (101) and at least one second longitudinal axis (102) are contained in a first sagittal plane (103); a rupture assembly (120), comprising: a rupture element (121), comprising a first rupture axis (121.1), and configured to receive and perform a rupture movement about the first rupture axis (121.1), and to receive and perform a linear movement, moving along the longitudinal body (110) from a first position to at least one second position and vice versa, wherein: if the rupture element (121) is in the first position, the rupture element (121) is oriented along the first longitudinal axis (101) within the body (111); and if the rupture element (121) is in the second position, the rupture element (121) is oriented according to at least one second longitudinal axis (102) protruding through the opening (115) of the distal tip (112) at least partially; and a motion transmission element (122), comprising a proximal part (122.1), a flexible or articulated distal part (122.2) and a second rupture axis (122.3), the motion transmission element (122) being firmly connected to the rupture element (121) by the flexible or articulated distal part (122.2), and configured to: receive and perform a rupture movement about the second rupture axis (122.3) and transmit the rupture movement to the rupture element (121); and receive and perform a linear movement, move along the longitudinal body (110); and for transmitting the linear movement to the rupture element (121); at least one rigidity providing device (130), configured to provide rigidity to the rupture assembly (120) when the rupture element (121) is in a second position passing through the opening (115) of the distal tip (112) at least partially; wherein the rigidity providing device (130) comprises a tubular element (131), the tubular element (131) comprising a proximal part (131.1) and a distal part (131.2); wherein the tubular element (131): is sized and configured to move along the longitudinal body (110); is sized and configured to at least partially accommodate the flexible or articulated distal part (122.1) of the motion transmission element (122), is configured to orient the distal part (131.2) according to the first longitudinal axis (101) when the rupture element (121) is in the first position; and configured to orient the distal portion (131.2) according to at least one second longitudinal axis (102) when the rupture element (121) is in at least one second position.

2. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 1, wherein the distal tip (112) is connected to the body (111): firmly, as an extension of the body (111); or by a connecting element configured to position the distal tip (112) in a plurality of angular positions such that for each of the plurality of angular positions, at least one second longitudinal axis (102) forms a different angle α with the first longitudinal axis (101).

3. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the first rupture axis (121.1) is: the axis of rotation about which the rupture element (121) rotates; or the axis of vibration about which the rupture element (121) performs a vibratory motion.

4. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, the tubular element (131) further comprises at least one elongated notch (132), the elongated notch (132) being provided in the distal portion (131.2) and forming at least one angle β greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees with respect to the first sagittal plane (103), wherein: each of the at least one elongated notch (132) separates two different segments (132.1) of the distal portion (131.2) of the tubular element (131); and when the rupture element (121) is in at least one second position, the sum of the intervals between the respective segments (132.1) of the tubular element (131) is substantially zero.

5. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the longitudinal body (110) further comprises at least one distal longitudinal groove (114), and the tubular element (131) further comprises at least one first protrusion (133), wherein the at least one distal longitudinal groove (114) includes a distal limit and a proximal limit; the at least one distal longitudinal groove (114) is sized to receive at least one first protrusion (133) and is configured to cooperate with the first protrusion (133) to guide the tubular element (131) in the direction of the first sagittal plane (103) when the rupture element (121) moves from the first position to at least one second position, and vice versa; and the at least one first protrusion (133) is sized to penetrate at least one distal longitudinal groove (114) and is configured to cooperate with the distal longitudinal groove (114), and when the rupture element (121) moves from the first position to at least one second position, the first protrusion (133) moves along the distal longitudinal groove (114), and vice versa; and when the rupture element (121) is in at least one second position, at least one first protrusion (133) abuts against the distal limit of at least one distal longitudinal groove (114).

6. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 5 further comprises at least one first connection and / or coupling device (140), the at least one first connection and / or coupling device (140) being configured to connect or couple the movement transfer element (122) to the rupture movement generating device (200, 200').

7. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 6 further comprises a support (160.1, 170.1, 180.1) at least partially surrounding the movement transfer element (122) and a second connection and / or coupling device (150), the second connection and / or coupling device (150) being configured to connect or couple the support (160.1, 170.1, 180.1) to the rupture movement generating device (200, 200').

8. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 7 further comprises a rupture guide (300) configured to guide the longitudinal body (110) from an original position to at least one target position, wherein the rupture guide (300) comprises: at least one tubular guide (310), which in turn comprises: a longitudinal conduit (311) having a proximal end (311.1) and a distal end (311.2); the longitudinal conduit (311) includes a distal appendage (311.3) at the distal end (311.2); and a striking edge (312), which is an extension of the longitudinal conduit (311) at the proximal end (311.1); and wherein the longitudinal conduit (311) is configured to receive the longitudinal body (110), wherein the at least one tubular guide (310) is oriented according to a first longitudinal guiding axis (321.1); and the striking edge (312) is configured to receive a striking force in the direction of the first longitudinal guiding axis (321.1); and a guiding arch (320), which in turn comprises: a proximal arcuate portion (321), which in turn comprises a first coupling device (330) configured to firmly couple and decouple the proximal arcuate portion (321) relative to the tubular guide (310) at a plurality of different positions along the first longitudinal guiding axis (321.1); a distal arcuate portion (322), which in turn comprises a distal tip (322.2) oriented according to a second longitudinal guiding axis (322.1); a second coupling device (340) for connecting the distal arcuate portion (322) to the proximal arcuate portion (321) at a plurality of different positions such that for each said position, the first longitudinal guiding axis (321.1) and at least one second longitudinal guiding axis (322.1) form a different angle α2 relative to each other; and the first longitudinal guiding axis (321.1) and at least one second longitudinal guiding axis (322.1) are contained in a second sagittal plane (301).

9. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 8, wherein At least one tubular guide (310) further comprises a hole (314), which in turn comprises a first part (314.1) and a second part (314.2), and the body (111) of the longitudinal body (110) comprises at least one second protrusion (113); The first part (314.1) of the hole (314) is dimensioned and configured to receive the second protrusion (113) and guide it from a proximal position to the second part (314.2) when the longitudinal body (110) of the rupture tool (100) is inserted into the interior of at least one tubular guide (310) of the rupture guide (300) and moved along it; and The second part (314.2) is dimensioned and configured to abut against the second protrusion (113) when the first sagittal plane (103) of the rupture tool (100) rotates by an angle γ relative to the second sagittal plane (301) of the rupture guide (300).

10. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 8, wherein The at least one tubular guide (310) further comprises at least one longitudinal hole (314), and the body (111) of the longitudinal body (110) comprises at least one second protrusion (113); wherein, At least one longitudinal hole (314) is dimensioned and configured to receive and guide at least one second protrusion (113) from a proximal position to a distal position and vice versa.

11. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, The rupture guide (300) comprises a plurality of tubular guides (320), wherein: The dimensions of the hole (314); and / or The shape of the hole (314); and / or The dimensions of the first part (314.1) of the hole (314); and / or The shape of the first part (314.1) of the hole (314); and / or The dimensions of the second part (314.2) of the hole (314); and / or The shape of the second part (314.2) of the hole (314); The above-mentioned attributes of each tubular guide (320) are different from each other.

12. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein, The distal appendage (311.3) comprises: A triangular lobe tip; or Two tips; or An inclined groove; or The surface of a polyhedron.

13. The rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein, The rupture movement is a rotational movement, and the rupture tool (100) further comprises motion transmission and conversion means (160, 170, 180), which are configured to: Receive a rotational movement from a rotational movement generating device (200, 200'); Convert the rotational movement into a linear movement and / or a reciprocating movement; Transmit the linear movement and / or the reciprocating movement to a motion transmission element (122), such that the motion transmission element (122) transmits the linear movement and / or the reciprocating movement to the rupture element (121), causing it to move from a first position to at least one second position; When the rotational movement stops, stop the linear movement and / or the reciprocating movement, such that the rupture element (121) moves from at least one second position to the first position.

14. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 13, wherein the rupture motion generating device (200, 200') is a drilling device (200, 200'), and the motion transmission and conversion device (160) comprises: A first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (161) that can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling device (200, 200'), the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (161) being configured to receive the rotary motion from the drilling device (200, 200') and perform said rotary motion; A second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (162), connected to the proximal portion (122.1) of the motion transmission element (122), and configured to receive the rotary motion from the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (161) and perform said rotary motion and a linear motion; A braking actuator (163) that is connected to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (162) and is configured to apply a force that blocks rotation to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (162), A return spring (164), configured to apply a linear return force to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (162); and A helical sliding coupling structure (165), configured to couple the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (161) with the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (162); wherein the helical sliding coupling structure (165) further comprises A longitudinal coupling portion (161.1) connected to the first longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (161), which includes a first thread (161.2) on its outer surface; and A longitudinal coupling conduit (162.1), connected to the second longitudinal rotary motion transmission element (162), which includes a second thread (162.2) on its inner surface; wherein the first thread (161.2) of the longitudinal coupling portion (161.1) and the second thread (162.2) of the longitudinal coupling conduit (162.1) are configured to cooperate with each other such that when the longitudinal coupling conduit (162.1) performs a rotary motion and the longitudinal coupling portion (161.1) rotates at a speed less than that of the longitudinal coupling conduit (162.1), the longitudinal coupling conduit (162.1) undergoes a linear motion relative to the longitudinal coupling portion (161.1), and the thread direction of the helical sliding coupler (165) is opposite to the rotary motion direction of the drilling device.

15. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 13, wherein the rupture motion generating device (200, 200') is a drilling device (200, 200'), and the motion transmission and conversion device (170) comprises: A male-female sliding coupling structure (173), comprising: A main rotor (171) that can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling device (200, 200'), the main rotor (171) being configured to receive the rotary motion from the drilling device (200, 200') and perform said rotary motion; The secondary rotor (172) is slidably coupled to the primary rotor (171) at its proximal end and is connected to the proximal portion (122.1) of the motion transmission element (122) at its distal end; wherein the secondary rotor (172) further includes grooves or notches (172.1) having a sinusoidal geometry on its outer surface; and wherein, thanks to the sliding coupling structure, the secondary rotor (172) is configured to linearly move relative to the primary rotor (171) in two directions; A return spring (174), configured to apply a return force to the secondary rotor (172); and A manual start control device (175) connected to a fixed plunger (176), the manual start control device (175) being configured to cause the fixed plunger (176) to penetrate the groove or notch (172.1) of the secondary rotor (172); wherein, when the secondary rotor (172) receives the rotational motion from the primary rotor (171) and performs the rotational motion, the activation of the controller (175) causes the fixed plunger (176) to penetrate the groove or notch (172.1), so that the secondary rotor (172) performs a linear reciprocating forward and backward motion relative to the primary rotor (171), and wherein the secondary rotor (172) combines and transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward motion with the rotational motion to the motion transmission element (122), and the motion transmission element (122) in turn combines and transmits the linear reciprocating forward and backward motion with the rotational motion to the rupture element (121), and, wherein, when the fixed plunger (176) is removed from the groove or notch (172.1) by releasing the control device (175), the secondary rotor (172) performs a return motion in the distal-proximal direction under the push of the return spring (174).

16. The rupture tool (100) according to claim 13, wherein the rupture motion generating device (200, 200') is a drilling device (200, 200'), and the motion transmission and conversion device (180) comprises: A male-female sliding coupling structure (183), comprising: A primary rotor (181) that can be coupled to the motion transmission shaft of the drilling device (200, 200'), the primary rotor (181) being configured to receive the rotational motion from the drilling device (200, 200') and to perform the rotational motion; A secondary rotor (182), whose proximal end is slidably coupled to the primary rotor (181); wherein, thanks to the sliding coupling structure, the secondary rotor (182) is configured to linearly move relative to the primary rotor (181) in two directions, and wherein the secondary rotor (182) includes a rotational pressure generating device (185); A return spring (184) for applying a return force to the secondary rotor (182); A fluid compartment, including a first chamber (186), a second chamber (187) and a fluid (188); wherein The first chamber (186) and the second chamber (187) are in fluid communication, and the fluid (188) is located inside the chambers (186, 187); The rotary pressure generating device (185) is immersed in the fluid (188) and is disposed between the first chamber (186) and the second chamber (187); The secondary rotor (182) is connected to the proximal portion (122.1) of the motion transmission element (122); wherein: When the secondary rotor (182) receives the rotary motion from the primary rotor (181) and performs the rotary motion, the rotary pressure generating device (185) in turn receives the rotary motion and generates a thrust force greater than the restoring force of the restoring spring (184), causing the fluid (188) to flow from the first chamber (186) to the second chamber (187); The flow of the fluid (188) causes the secondary rotor (182) to perform a linear motion in the proximal-distal direction; The secondary rotor (182) transmits the linear motion and the rotary motion to the motion transmission element (122) in combination, and the motion transmission element (122) in turn transmits the linear motion and the rotary motion to the rupture element (121), and, When the secondary rotor (182) stops receiving the rotary motion from the primary rotor (181), the secondary rotor (182) performs a linear motion in the distal-proximal direction under the push of the restoring spring (184).

17. A rupture system (400) for minimally invasive surgery, comprising: A rupture motion generating device (200, 200'), configured to generate and execute a rupture motion; At least one rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1-16; at least connectable to the rupture motion generating device (200, 200') through the motion transmission element (122); Wherein, the rupture motion generating device (200, 200') is further configured to transmit the rupture motion to the motion transmission element (122).

18. A rupture system (500) for minimally invasive surgery, comprising: A rupture motion and linear and / or reciprocating motion generating device (200'), configured to generate and execute a rupture motion and a linear and / or reciprocating motion; At least one rupture tool (100) according to any one of claims 1-12, which is at least coupled to the rupture motion and linear and / or reciprocating motion generating device (200') through a motion transmission element (122); wherein The rupture motion and linear and / or reciprocating motion generating device (200') is further configured to transmit the rupture motion and the linear motion and / or reciprocating motion to the motion transmission element (122).

19. The rupture system (500) according to claim 18, wherein the rupture motion and linear motion and / or reciprocating motion generating device (200') comprises a mechanical and / or electronic and / or electromagnetic device.

Images