Personal care composition for cleansing skin

Abstract

Personal cleansing compositions, methods, and uses are described herein. A personal cleansing composition may comprise at least one cleansing phase and a benefit phase, where the cleansing phase comprises a first surfactant, where the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises a betaine; a structuring system, the structuring system comprising: optionally, a nonionic emulsifier; optionally, a rheology modifier; and an electrolyte. The benefit phase comprises a benefit agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application is generally directed to personal care compositions for cleansing skin, methods thereof, and uses thereof. The personal care composition comprises at least one cleansing phase and a benefit phase, wherein the cleansing phase comprises an aqueous structured surfactant phase. The cleansing phase comprises a first surfactant comprising a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant comprising a betaine, and a structuring system. The benefit phase comprises a benefit agent. Background Art

[0002] Cleaning is an activity that has been carried out for hundreds of years. Early cleansers were based on soap chemistry or simple mechanical action to remove dirt from the skin, as well as endogenous dirt such as sweat, sebum and body odor. Therefore, skin cleaning and methods involve the use of soaps, body washes and other personal care compositions. Personal care compositions can be structured to suspend and stabilize dispersions of benefit agents while maintaining the physical integrity of the personal care composition, and there are many methods to provide such structure. The ability to provide structure may be an important characteristic for such personal care compositions, but it is also important for personal care compositions to have the ability to quickly become micelles to clean the skin and deposit benefit agents when diluted. Too much structure in a personal care composition may result in poor performance, while insufficient structure in a personal care composition may result in instability. In addition, achieving a balance between these two characteristics may be a challenging task. A personal care composition comprising sodium trideceth-2 sulfate and a structured system based on a specific associative polymer was explored.

[0003] Ethoxylated surfactants such as sodium laureth sulfate (SLES or SLE3S) or sodium trideceth-n sulfate (STnS) are widely used in the cosmetic industry in personal care products. These surfactants have traditionally been used to achieve consumer desired product features including partitioning viscosity / product texture, foam, cleansing, and deposition of hair / scalp actives. Ethoxylation provides enhanced solubility, reduced crystallization in liquids, enhanced polymer interactions for coacervate formation and subsequent beneficial delivery to the skin and scalp, increased mildness to the skin, and improved foam quality.

[0004] Alkoxylated fatty alcohols are used in many industries. For example, they can be used as nonionic surfactants in detergents and cleaners. They can also be intermediates for preparing other surfactants by methods such as sulfation. Current sulfation processes for alkoxylated fatty alcohols can result in the formation of unwanted impurities, such as dioxane components, which can be retained as part of the alkoxylated fatty alcohol sulfate when sold or used. Such unwanted impurities can be removed by additional processing processes, such as relatively and expensive vacuum stripping processes.

[0005] Furthermore, 1,4-dioxane is a persistent impurity formed from ethoxylated surfactants and can result in trace residual amounts being present, particularly during the sulfation of ethoxylated fatty alcohols, as well as in those same ethoxylated surfactants during aging in the supply chain and more slowly in final products containing them.

[0006] Therefore, it is desirable to prepare personal care compositions containing relatively very low amounts or no ethoxylated surfactants to mitigate any undesirable impurity profile and any need for any additional processing.

[0007] There is a need to develop a formulation process for personal care compositions that utilizes relatively very low levels or no ethoxylated surfactants without negative consumer-perceivable tradeoffs, particularly in providing a desired balance between structure and performance in personal care compositions.

[0008] There is a need to provide a personal care composition for cleansing the skin having improved structure, improved stability, an optimal rheological profile, any attributes sought by consumers such as lather performance, mildness, resistance to any drying effects of surfactants, deposition of benefit agents, enhanced fragrance experience and / or any improved skin feel attributes such as skin feeling less oily and / or less sticky. Summary of the invention

[0009] A personal cleansing composition is provided, and the personal care composition comprises at least one cleansing phase and a benefit phase. The cleansing phase comprises an aqueous structured surfactant phase. The cleansing phase comprises: i) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the personal care composition of a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, optionally wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant. The mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of Formula I and a surfactant isomer of Formula II:

[0010]

[0011] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0012] where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; and

[0013] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium.

[0014] The first surfactant comprises from about 37% to about 50%, preferably from about 38% to about 49%, more preferably from about 40% to about 49% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant. The C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant comprises from about 50% to about 63%, preferably from about 51% to about 62%, more preferably from about 51% to about 60% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant. The C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant also comprises less than or equal to about 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0015] The cleansing phase further comprises: ii) from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the personal care composition of a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises a betaine; iii) a structuring system comprising: iiia) optionally, a nonionic emulsifier; iiib) optionally, from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the personal care composition of a rheology modifier; iiic) an electrolyte; wherein the benefit phase comprises: from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of the personal care composition of a benefit agent.

[0016] A method for increasing the stability of a personal care composition is provided, and the method for increasing the stability of a personal care composition comprises the step of forming a personal care composition as described herein with a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, optionally wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant. The mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of formula I and a surfactant isomer of formula II:

[0017]

[0018] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0019] where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; and

[0020] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium.

[0021] The first surfactant comprises from about 37% to about 50%, preferably from about 38% to about 49%, more preferably from about 40% to about 49% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant. The C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant comprises from about 50% to about 63%, preferably from about 51% to about 62%, more preferably from about 51% to about 60% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant. The C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant also comprises less than or equal to about 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] While the specification concludes with a claim that particularly points out and distinctly claims the invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 is a graph of rheological profiles of surfactant compositions having a first surfactant and different co-surfactants (zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants);

[0024] Figure 2 is a graph of rheological profiles of surfactant compositions having another first surfactant and different co-surfactants (zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants);

[0025] Figure 3 is a graph of rheological profiles of personal cleansing compositions within the scope of the present invention having a first surfactant and having different rheology modifiers; and

[0026] Figure 4 is a graphical representation for determining the volume of the third phase. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Definition of terms

[0028] In this document, unless specifically stated otherwise, the following definitions apply in all embodiments, including in all aspects of the invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages are by weight (w / w) of the composition. "% wt." means weight percentage. References to "parts" (e.g., a mixture of 1 part X and 3 parts Y) are ratios by weight. Unless otherwise specifically stated, all ratios or percentages are weight ratios or weight percentages.

[0030] An "active composition" is a composition that does not contain water, and an "active ingredient" is an ingredient that does not contain water.

[0031] "QS" or "QSP" means sufficient for 100% or for 100 g. + / - indicates standard deviation. All ranges are inclusive and combinable. The number of significant figures expresses neither a limitation on the amount shown nor a limitation on the accuracy of the measurement. All numerical values ​​are understood to be modified by the word "about".

[0032] Unless otherwise indicated, all measurements are understood to be made at 25°C and ambient conditions, where "ambient conditions" means at a pressure of 1 atmosphere (atm) and at 65% relative humidity. "Relative humidity" means the ratio of the moisture content of air compared to the saturation moisture content at the same temperature and pressure (expressed as a percentage). Relative humidity can be measured using a hygrometer, specifically using International probe moisture meter.

[0033] As used herein, "min" means "one minute" or "several minutes". As used herein, "mol" means "mole". As used herein, "g" after a number means "gram". "Ex." means "Example". All amounts referring to listed ingredients are based on the active content and do not include carriers or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials.

[0034] As used herein, "comprising" means that other steps and other ingredients may be added. "Comprising" encompasses the terms "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of". The compositions, methods, uses, kits and processes of the invention may comprise, consist of and consist essentially of the elements and limitations of the invention described herein, as well as any additional or optional ingredients, components, steps or limitations described herein. Unless incompatibility is indicated, the embodiments and aspects described herein may include elements, features or components of other embodiments and / or aspects or may be combined with elements, features or components of other embodiments and / or aspects, although not explicitly exemplified in the combination.

[0035] As used herein, articles including "a" and "an" when used in a claim should be understood to mean one or more of what is claimed or described.

[0036] As used herein, the terms "including," "comprising," and "containing" are intended to be non-limiting.

[0037] Where content ranges are given, these should be understood to be the total amount of the ingredient in the composition, or where more than one material falls within an ingredient definition, the total amount of all ingredients in the composition that meet the definition.

[0038] For example, if a composition comprises 1% to 5% fatty alcohol, a composition comprising 2% stearyl alcohol and 1% cetyl alcohol and no other fatty alcohols would fall within the range.

[0039] The amount of each specific ingredient or mixtures thereof described below may comprise up to 100% (or 100%) of the total amount of ingredients in the composition.

[0040] As used herein, the term "free of" means that the composition comprises 0% of an ingredient by total weight of the composition, and thus has no detectable amount of the ingredient.

[0041] As used herein, the term "substantially free" means less than about 1%, less than about 0.8%, less than about 0.5%, less than about 0.3%, or less than an insubstantial amount, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0042] Unless otherwise indicated, as used herein, the term "anhydrous" refers to those compositions, phases or materials that contain less than about 10%, more preferably less than about 5%, even more preferably less than about 3%, even more preferably 0% water by weight of the composition.

[0043] As used herein, the term "cleansing composition" or "personal care composition" for cleansing the skin refers to a cosmetic composition intended for topical application to the skin for cleansing.

[0044] The term "C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant" refers to a sulfated anionic surfactant containing an alkyl group having a total number of 12 carbon atoms.

[0045] The term "C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant" refers to a sulfated anionic surfactant containing an alkyl group having a total number of 13 carbon atoms.

[0046] As used herein, the term "2-branched C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant" refers to a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant having an alkyl chain at the carbon 2 position.

[0047] As used herein, the term "2-branched C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant" refers to a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant having an alkyl chain at the carbon 2 position.

[0048] As used herein, the term "other branched C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants" refers to any other branched C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants other than 2-branched C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, such as 3-branched or 4-branched or 5-branched etc. C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0049] As used herein, the term "other branched C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants" refers to any other branched C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants other than 2-branched C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, such as 3-branched or 4-branched or 5-branched C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0050] As used herein, the term "other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants" refers to any other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants that are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, such as C11, C14, C15, etc., C16 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0051] As used herein, the term "mixture" is meant to include a simple combination of substances, as well as any compounds that may result from their combination.

[0052] As used herein, the term "packaging" includes any suitable container for a personal care composition that exhibits a viscosity of about 1.5 Pa.s (1,500 centipoise (cP)) to about 1000 Pa.s (1,000,000 cP) as measured by the Viscosity Method disclosed herein, including but not limited to bottles, vials, tubes, cans, non-aerosol pumps, and mixtures thereof.

[0053] As used herein, the term "personal care composition" refers to a composition intended for topical application to the skin, hair or scalp. The composition of the present invention is a rinse-off formulation, wherein the product is topically applied to the skin, hair or scalp, and then subsequently rinsed from the skin or hair or scalp with water within a few minutes, or otherwise wiped off using a substrate, while a portion of the composition is deposited. The composition can also be used as a shaving aid. The personal care composition can typically be squeezed or dispensed from the package. The personal care composition typically exhibits about 1.5 Pa.s (1,500 centipoise (cP)) to about 1000 Pa.s (1,000,000 cP) as measured by the T-bar viscosity method disclosed herein. The personal care composition may be in the form of a liquid, semi-liquid, cream, lotion or gel composition intended for topical application to the skin. Examples of personal care compositions may include, but are not limited to, shampoos, conditioning shampoos, body washes, moisturizing body washes, shower gels, skin cleansers, cleansing milks, hair and body washes, bath moisturizers, pet shampoos, shaving preparations, and cleaning compositions for use with disposable cleansing cloths.

[0054] As used herein, the term "rinse-off" means that the intended use of the product includes application to the skin or hair or scalp, and then the product is washed and / or wiped off the skin within seconds to minutes of the application step. The product is usually applied and rinsed off in the same use event, such as a shower.

[0055] "Room temperature" refers to a temperature of 25°C.

[0056] As used herein, the term "structured" refers to having rheological properties that impart stability to a multiphase composition. The degree of structuring is determined by characteristics determined by one or more of the following methods: Young's Modulus Method, Zero Shear Viscosity Method, or by Ultracentrifugation Method, all of which are in the following test methods. Thus, the cleansing phase of a personal care composition is considered "structured" if the surfactant cleansing phase has one or more of the following characteristics described below according to the Young's Modulus Method, Zero Shear Viscosity Method, or by Ultracentrifugation Method. The surfactant phase is considered structured if it has one or more of the following characteristics:

[0057] A. a zero shear viscosity of at least about 100 Pascal seconds (Pa.s), alternatively at least about 200 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 500 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 1,000 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 1,500 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 2,500 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 5,000 Pa.s; or

[0058] B. A domain volume ratio of greater than about 40%, or at least about 50%, or at least about 55%, or at least about 60%, or at least about 65%, or at least about 70%, or at least about 75%, or at least about 80%, or at least about 85%, or at least about 90%, as measured by the ultracentrifugation method described below.

[0059] C. A Young's modulus greater than about 2 Pascals (Pa), more preferably greater than about 10 Pa, even more preferably greater than about 20 Pa, still more preferably greater than about 30 Pa, 40 Pa, 50 Pa, 75 Pa, 100 Pa, and most preferably greater than 150 Pa.

[0060] As used herein, the term "SLS" refers to sodium lauryl sulfate.

[0061] As used herein, the term "foam" refers to aerated foam caused by providing energy to an aqueous surfactant mixture, especially a diluted mixture. Foam is increased in micellar compositions compared to structured compositions (e.g., lamellar compositions), whereby the phase transition during dilution into micelles generally increases foam.

[0062] As used herein, the term "visually distinct" refers to an area of ​​a personal care composition having an average composition that is different from another area having a different average composition, wherein the areas are independently visible to the naked eye. This does not exclude that the different areas include two similar phases, one of which may include pigments, dyes, particles, and various optional ingredients, so that the areas have different average compositions. A phase typically occupies one or more spaces that are larger in size than the colloidal or subcolloidal components contained in the phase. A phase can also be constituted or reconstituted, collected or separated into a bulk phase by, for example, centrifugation, filtration, etc. to observe its properties.

[0063] The object of the present invention is to provide a personal cleaning product, method and use of the product, structure and corresponding composition as described in the summary of the invention or as described below for achieving the technical effects or goals as set forth herein. These objectives and other advantages described in the above summary of the invention and the detailed description and defined in the subsequent claims that can be obtained by the present invention may be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0064] Beneficial Effects

[0065] Chemical impurities are sometimes found in raw materials or products utilizing raw materials. For example, 1,4-dioxane is an undesirable byproduct in the preparation of detergents. As an industrial process solvent or chemical intermediate, 1,4-dioxane has previously been reported to be used in the production of products that may have commercial or consumer applications, such as coatings, adhesives, detergents, and pesticides. Such 1,4-dioxane can thus be present as an impurity in consumer cosmetics / toiletries, household detergents, pharmaceuticals, foods, agricultural and veterinary products, and glycol-based antifreeze agents. It is formed as a reaction byproduct during the manufacture of ethoxylated surfactants.

[0066] Furthermore, 1,4-dioxane is a byproduct of the manufacturing process of ethoxylated surfactants produced with ethylene oxide. In other words, 1,4-dioxane is an unwanted chemical formed during the surfactant manufacturing process used to produce ingredients such as ethoxylated surfactants and polyethylene glycols.

[0067] 1,4-dioxane can be formed from the ethoxylation product during an undesired side reaction known as "intramolecular chain transfer" or "backbiting." 2 moles of ethylene oxide are eliminated from the ethoxylation product to form 1,4-dioxane. Backbiting can occur once for every 2 moles of ethylene oxide on the molecule.

[0068] Thus, 1,4-dioxane is a persistent impurity formed from ethoxylate products, particularly during the sulfation of ethoxylated fatty alcohols to make ethoxylated surfactants, as well as in those same ethoxylated surfactants during aging in the supply chain, and more slowly in final products containing them.

[0069] The amount of 1,4-dioxane byproduct in alkoxylated (especially ethoxylated) alkyl sulfates can be reduced. Based on recent technological advances, manufacturers can remove a large portion of 1,4-dioxane from consumer products through vacuum stripping processes or through improved methods for removing impurities such as 1,4-dioxane from surfactants that have been ethoxylated.

[0070] However, it is desirable to prepare personal care compositions containing relatively very low amounts or no ethoxylated surfactants without having negative, consumer-noticeable trade-offs.

[0071] Initially, consideration has been given to comparing non-ethoxylated surfactants, namely those sold under the trade names TDS is available from Solvay as non-ethoxylated sodium tridecyl sulfate or under the trade name 13 Non-ethoxylated sodium tridecyl sulfate prepared by sulfation of corresponding tridecyl alcohol supplied by ExxonMobil.

[0072] However, personal care compositions do not appear to satisfy the structure and / or stability properties in terms of rheology or provide any significant structuring attributes to drive any cleansing and any cosmetic attributes that consumers seek on the skin.Personal care compositions containing non-ethoxylated sodium tridecyl sulfate do not form a lamellar phase.

[0073] In order to provide personal care compositions for cleansing the skin with improved structure, improved stability, optimal rheological profiles, and any attributes sought by consumers, such as lather performance, mildness, etc., specific surfactant structures need to be found and optimized. Previously, surfactant structures included branched alkyl hydrocarbon chains, hydrophilic ethoxylate spacers, and anionic sulfate head groups in combination with other ingredient components to produce personal care compositions that organized into lamellar phases for desired partitioning rheology and aesthetics.

[0074] Sodium trideceth-n sulfate is a highly branched alkyl sulfate and is able to achieve all of these structure-related needs for personal care compositions, but in the absence of ethoxylation, the inventors have found that it does not produce the abundant multilamellar vesicles necessary to form a stable lamellar phase, nor does it possess the attendant rheological properties useful for product in-use aesthetics.

[0075] Surprisingly, the inventors have discovered a new first surfactant comprising a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, preferably a non-ethoxylated first surfactant comprising a mixture of both a non-ethoxylated C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0076] The mixture of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of surfactant isomers of formula I and surfactant isomers of formula II:

[0077]

[0078] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0079] where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; and

[0080] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium.

[0081] The first surfactant comprises from about 37% to about 50%, preferably from about 38% to about 49%, more preferably from about 40% to about 49% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant. The C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant comprises from about 50% to about 63%, preferably from about 51% to about 62%, more preferably from about 51% to about 60% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant. The C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant also comprises less than or equal to about 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0082] Surprisingly, the present inventors have found that by varying the nature and distribution of the hydrocarbon branches of the 2-branched alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, a personal care composition comprising a first surfactant as described herein (comprising a specific mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant) is structured, stable, has an optimal rheological profile. In addition, further attributes sought by consumers have been found, such as lather performance, mildness, resistance to any drying effects of surfactants, deposition of benefit agents, enhanced fragrance experience or malodor control; and / or any improved skin feel attributes, such as skin feeling less oily and / or less sticky.

[0083] Personal care compositions

[0084] A personal care composition is provided and comprises at least a cleansing phase and a benefit phase.

[0085] Cleaning phase

[0086] The cleansing phase comprises an aqueous structured surfactant phase. The cleansing phase comprises a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and a zwitterionic surfactant (as a co-surfactant). The surfactant can help provide cleaning benefits, foam properties, and rheological properties to the composition.

[0087] The personal care composition comprises from about 1% to about 20%, preferably from about 2% to about 18%, more preferably from about 3% to about 15%, even more preferably from about 4% to about 13%, most preferably from about 5% to 8%, by weight of the composition, of a first surfactant.

[0088] The first surfactant

[0089] The first surfactant as described herein can be used in a personal cleansing composition, wherein the personal cleansing composition is selected from the group consisting of personal bar soap, hand soap, shower gel, shower bath or body wash, foaming body wash, and mixtures thereof.

[0090] The first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant. Alternatively, the first surfactant may consist essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant. The mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of Formula I and a surfactant isomer of Formula II:

[0091]

[0092] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0093] Where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9;

[0094] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium.

[0095] The first surfactant comprises from about 37% to about 50% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant comprises from about 50% to about 63% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. In addition, the first surfactant comprises less than or equal to about 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant. The other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants may preferably not be C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0096] 2-Alkyl branched or "beta" branched primary alkyl sulfates are sulfate surfactants having a branch at the C2 position. As shown in formula (II), the C1 position is at the carbon atom to which the sulfate moiety is covalently attached.

[0097] Preferably, the first surfactant may comprise from about 38% to about 49% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant may preferably comprise from about 51% to about 62% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant may comprise less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0098] More preferably, the first surfactant may comprise from about 40% to about 49% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant may more preferably comprise from about 51% to about 60% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant may comprise less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0099] Most preferably, the first surfactant may comprise from about 43% to about 46% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant may more preferably comprise from about 51% to about 57% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant may comprise less than or equal to about 3% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0100] As shown in Table 2 below, examples of the first surfactant are commercially available under the trade name SULFATE supplied by SASOL. Sulfated products obtained from 123A alcohol (see also Table 1).

[0101] In this example, the first surfactant comprises about 45.2% by weight of the first surfactant, or, depending on the commercial batch from the starting alcohol, about 38% to about 48% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate (about 23.6% by weight of the first surfactant). The first surfactant comprises about 51.9% by weight of the first surfactant, or, depending on the commercial batch from the starting alcohol, about 52% to about 62% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate (about 25.7% by weight of the first surfactant). The first surfactant comprises about 2.9% by weight of the first surfactant, or, depending on the commercial batch (from the starting alcohol), less than about 3% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0102] In another example, the first surfactant may be a surfactant commercially available under the trade name SURFACTANT® supplied by Sasol Corporation. 123A alcohol obtained by the sulfated product. In this example as shown in Table 3, the first surfactant contains about 42.8% by weight of the first surfactant, or, depending on the commercial batch from the starting alcohol, about 37% to about 48% of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant contains about 55.1% by weight of the first surfactant, or, depending on the commercial batch from the starting alcohol, about 52% to about 63% of a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate. The first surfactant contains about 2.1% by weight of the first surfactant, or less than about 3% (or depending on the commercial batch from the starting alcohol) of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0103] According to the technical data information from the starting alcohol, the first surfactant comprises about 37% to about 50%, preferably about 38% to about 49%, more preferably about 40% to about 49%, most preferably about 43% to about 46% of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants include 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfates. The first surfactant comprises about 50% to about 63%, preferably about 51% to about 62%, more preferably about 51% to about 60%, most preferably about 51% to about 57% of C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants include 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfates. In addition, the first surfactant comprises less than or equal to about 5%, preferably less than or equal to about 4%, more preferably less than or equal to about 3% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant. The other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are preferably not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0104] The alcohol starting material can be analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC / FID).

[0105] Samples are typically evaluated by diluting the starting alcohol example to approximately 0.1% (v / v) in a volatile alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. The prepared sample (1 μL injection volume) is injected at 280°C into the splitless inlet and onto an Agilent DB-1, 30 m×0.250 mm ID, 0.25 μm film thickness capillary GC column. 2 The carrier gas was in constant pressure mode at 0.68 bar (10.00 psi). The oven temperature program [50 °C (2 min), ramp (10 °C / min) to 300 °C (3 min)] had a total run time of 30 min. The flame ionization detection (FID) temperature was 320 °C with 30 mL / min H 2 flow, 300 mL / min air flow and 30 mL / min make-up (N 2 )flow.

[0106] Sulfation of the alcohol starting material does not change the alkyl chain distribution in the resulting first surfactant. The first surfactant as a sulfate can be separated and analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), and detected by both charged aerosol detection (CAD) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). However, the results shown in Table 2 are only indicative because the method has not yet been standardized. It is necessary to evaluate and quantify a variety of single and pure branched isomers by UHPLC-CAD to verify the method.

[0107] For the results of Table 2, a reverse gradient can be used so that the mobile phase composition at the two detectors is constant throughout the separation process, thereby ensuring that the analyte response will not be biased due to differences in the organic composition of the mobile phase during elution. The CAD response is structure-agnostic, and the electrospray ionization (ESI) MS response may also be affected by the analyte structure. The first surfactant as sulfate has a hard negative charge, which should minimize the change in the ionization efficiency of different branched and chain length types. When the chain length distribution is determined by both UHPLC-CAD and UHPLC-HRMS on the first surfactant embodiment 1, the ESIMS response is consistent. HRMS provides a molar response, and CAD provides a mass response. HRMS data can be converted into a mass response for comparison.

[0108] The relative chain length distributions of the starting alcohol and the resulting first surfactant comprising a mixture of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant are identical with some typical marginal errors.

[0109] The first surfactant may have an average degree of branching of greater than about 90%, preferably greater than about 92%, more preferably about 92% to about 100%. Alternatively, the first surfactant may have an average degree of branching of from about 40% to about 60% by weight, preferably from about 45% to about 55% by weight, more preferably from about 46% to about 54% by weight, and most preferably from about 47% to about 54% by weight.

[0110] For example, the first surfactant may be a surfactant commercially available under the trade name SULFATE supplied by Sasol The sulfated product obtained from 123A alcohol has an average degree of branching of about 49.4%. Depending on the commercial batch of the starting alcohol, the first surfactant may have an average degree of branching of about 40 wt % to about 60 wt %, preferably about 45 wt % to about 55 wt %, more preferably about 46 wt % to about 54 wt %, and most preferably about 47 wt % to about 54 wt %.

[0111] As another aspect, the first surfactant may be a surfactant commercially available under the trade name SULFATE supplied by Sasol. The sulfated product obtained from 123A alcohol has an average branching degree of about 92.6%. Depending on the commercial batch of the starting alcohol, the first surfactant may have an average branching degree greater than about 90%, preferably greater than about 92%, and more preferably from about 92% to about 100%.

[0112] The C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant may be composed of: a) less than about 70% linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than about 30% 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein; and c) less than about 10% other branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (a), (b) and (c) total about 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0113] In this aspect, the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate may comprise greater than about 25% 2-methylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and about 25% or less 2-ethyldecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate.

[0114] Alternatively, the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate may comprise a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain and: greater than about 25% 2-methylundecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain; and about 25% or less 2-ethyldecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain.

[0115] C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant refers to an alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprising an alkyl chain consisting of 12 carbon atoms. Thus, for a blend of alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants having an average chain length of 12 carbon atoms, only those alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants comprising a C12 alkyl chain fall within the definition of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0116] For blends of alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants comprising a mixture of different chain lengths (including a C12 alkyl subcomponent), independent of the average alkyl chain length, only the C12 alkyl subcomponent falls within the definition of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0117] With respect to the specific degree and type of C2-branching, the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be comprised of: a) less than or equal to about 60% linear C12 alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than or equal to about 40% 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and c) less than about 10% other branched C12 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (a), (b) and (c) total about 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0118] Preferably, the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: a) about 45% to about 55% of linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) about 45% to about 55% of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and c) about 0% to about 5% of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (a), (b) and (c) add up to about 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0119] More preferably, the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: a) about 45% to 51% of linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) about 49% to about 55% of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and c) about 0% to about 5% of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (a), (b) and (c) add up to about 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0120] When the first surfactant is commercially available under the trade name of The above characteristics of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants can be illustrated when the sulfated product obtained from 123A alcohol is used.

[0121] Alternatively, for example when the first surfactant is a commercially available surfactant supplied by Sasol under the trade name When the sulfated product is obtained from 123A alcohol, the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: a) less than about 10%, preferably less than about 9%, more preferably from about 0% to about 8% of linear C12 alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than about 90%, preferably greater than about 91%, more preferably from about 92% to about 100% of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and c) from about 0% to about 5% of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (a), (b) and (c) total about 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0122] In this aspect, the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate may comprise greater than about 25% 2-methylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and about 25% or less 2-ethyldecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate.

[0123] In any case, the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate may include: greater than about 30% of 2-methylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; less than about 20% of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; less than about 20% of 2-propylnonyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and greater than about 25% of 2-butyloctyl sulfate and 2-pentylheptyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate.

[0124] Preferably, the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate may include: about 30.5% to about 35% of 2-methylundecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; about 15% to about 19.5% of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; about 15% to about 19.5% of 2-propylnonyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and about 26% to about 35% of 2-butyloctyl sulfate and 2-pentylheptyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate.

[0125] Alternatively, the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate may contain: greater than about 30%, preferably about 30.5% to about 35%, of 2-methylundecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain; less than about 20%, preferably about 15% to about 19.5% of 2-ethyldecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain; less than about 20%, preferably about 15% to about 19.5% of 2-propylnonyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain; and greater than about 25%, preferably about 26% to about 35% of 2-butyloctyl and 2-pentylheptyl and other 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl groups by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl chain.

[0126] The distribution of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate with 2-methyl-1-undecyl sulfate, 2-ethyl-1-decyl sulfate, 2-propyl-1-nonyl sulfate, 2-butyl-1-octyl sulfate, 2-pentyl-1-heptyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfates can be provided by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant or by weight of the first surfactant.

[0127] The C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant may be composed of: d) less than about 60% of linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, and e) greater than about 40% of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and f) less than about 10% of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (d), (e) and (f) total about 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0128] In this aspect, the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate may comprise greater than about 30% 2-methyldodecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate and about 25% or less 2-ethylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate.

[0129] Alternatively, the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate may comprise a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain and: greater than about 30% 2-methyldodecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain, and about 25% or less 2-ethylundecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain.

[0130] C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants also refer to alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants comprising an alkyl chain consisting of 13 carbon atoms. Thus, for a blend of alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants having an average chain length of 13 carbon atoms, only those alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants comprising a C13 alkyl chain fall within the definition of C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0131] For blends of alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants comprising a mixture of different chain lengths (including a C13 alkyl subcomponent), independent of the average alkyl chain length, only the C13 alkyl subcomponent falls within the definition of C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0132] With respect to the specific degree and type of C2-branching, the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: d) less than about 55% linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; e) greater than about 45% 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and f) less than about 10% other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (d), (e) and (f) total about 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0133] Preferably, the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: d) about 45% to about 54% of a linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; e) about 46% to about 55% of a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and f) about 0% to about 5% of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (d), (e) and (f) add up to about 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0134] More preferably, the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: d) from about 48% to about 53% of linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; e) from about 47% to about 52% of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and f) from about 0% to about 5% of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (d), (e) and (f) add up to about 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0135] When the first surfactant is commercially available under the trade name of The above characteristics of C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants can be exemplified when the sulfated product obtained from 123A alcohol is used.

[0136] Alternatively, for example when the first surfactant is a commercially available surfactant supplied by Sasol under the trade name When the sulfated product is obtained from 123A alcohol, the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be composed of: a) less than about 10%, preferably less than about 9%, more preferably from about 0% to about 8% of linear C13 alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than about 90%, preferably greater than about 91%, more preferably from about 92% to about 100% of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, based on the weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and c) from about 0% to about 5% of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein (a), (b) and (c) total about 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0137] In this aspect, the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate may comprise greater than about 30% 2-methyldodecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate and about 25% or less 2-ethylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate.

[0138] In any case, the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate may include: greater than about 30.5% of 2-methyldodecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; less than about 20% of 2-ethylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; less than about 20% of 2-propyldecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and greater than about 25% of 2-butylnonyl sulfate and 2-pentyloctyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate.

[0139] Preferably, the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate may include: about 31% to about 40% of 2-methyldodecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; about 10% to about 18% of 2-ethylundecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; about 10% to about 18% of 2-propyldecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and about 26% to about 40% of 2-butylnonyl sulfate and 2-pentyloctyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate.

[0140] Alternatively, the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate may contain: greater than about 30.5%, preferably about 31% to about 40%, of 2-methyldodecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain; less than about 20%, preferably about 10% to about 18%, of 2-ethylundecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain; less than about 20%, preferably about 10% to about 18%, of 2-propyldecyl by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain; and greater than about 25%, preferably about 26% to about 40%, of 2-butylnonyl and 2-pentyloctyl and other 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl groups by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl chain.

[0141] In addition, the distribution of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate with 2-methyl-1-dodecyl sulfate, 2-ethyl-1-undecyl sulfate, 2-propyl-1-decyl sulfate, 2-butyl-1-nonyl sulfate, 2-pentyl-1-octyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfates can be provided by weight of the 2-branched C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, or by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant or by weight of the first surfactant.

[0142] Thus, the alkyl chains of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are highly branched and have a completely different alkyl branching distribution than other sulfates derived from complex branched alcohols such as, for example, those supplied by ExxonMobil Corporation under 13 Alcohol for sale.

[0143] The personal cleansing composition may be substantially free or free of alkoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. Preferably, the personal cleansing composition may be substantially free or free of ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants.

[0144] The first surfactant may be substantially free or free of alkoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. In other words, the first surfactant may have an average degree of alkoxylation of less than 0.5, less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.1, and more preferably no alkoxylation.

[0145] Preferably, the first surfactant may be substantially free or free of ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. In other words, the first surfactant may have an average degree of ethoxylation of less than 0.5, less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.1, more preferably no ethoxylation.

[0146] The C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be substantially free of or free of alkoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. In other words, the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may have an average degree of alkoxylation of less than 0.5, less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.1, and more preferably no alkoxylation.

[0147] Preferably, the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be substantially free of or free of ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. In other words, the average ethoxylation degree of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be less than 0.5, less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.1, and more preferably no ethoxylation.

[0148] The C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be substantially free of or free of alkoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. In other words, the average alkoxylation degree of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be less than 0.5, less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.1, and more preferably free of alkoxylation.

[0149] Preferably, the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be substantially free of or free of ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants. In other words, the average ethoxylation degree of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant may be less than 0.5, less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.1, and more preferably no ethoxylation.

[0150] The average degree of alkoxylation is the molar average degree of alkoxylation of all first or C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants (i.e., the molar average degree of alkoxylation). Therefore, when calculating the molar average degree of alkoxylation, the number of moles of first or C12 or C13 non-alkoxylated sulfate anionic surfactants is included:

[0151] Molar average alkoxylation degree = (x1*alkoxylation degree of surfactant 1 + x2*alkoxylation degree of surfactant 2 + ...) / (x1 + x2 + ...)

[0152] wherein x1, x2, . . . are the number of moles of each alkyl (or alkoxy) sulfate anionic surfactant of the mixture, and the degree of alkoxylation is the number of alkoxy groups in each alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0153] Suitable alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants can be prepared using the following method.

[0154] Alkyl sulfates are usually prepared by reacting fatty alcohols with sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) or its derivatives or by the reaction of an unsaturated compound with sulfuric acid. Specifically, the method of using sulfur trioxide to produce an alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant for detergent compositions is known.

[0155] Suitable sulfur trioxide derivatives include sulfur trioxide complexes such as chlorosulfonic acid, sulfuric acid or aminosulfonic acid. Sulfur trioxide is preferred because it tends to produce a purer product. The sulfation reaction is typically carried out in a continuous process using a cascade, falling film or tube bundle reactor, wherein sulfur trioxide is applied in an equimolar or small excess, typically in a temperature range of 20°C to 60°C, wherein the reaction temperature is determined at least in part by the solidification point of the fatty alcohol in the reaction. The reaction typically produces an acid form of the resulting alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, and the first surfactant herein is typically neutralized in a subsequent step using a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diamines, polyamines, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, amine-containing surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0156] In addition, it is well known that the method of sulfurizing fatty alcohol to produce alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant also produces various impurities. The exact nature of these impurities depends on the conditions of sulfation and neutralization. However, usually, the impurities of the sulfation process include one or more inorganic salts, unreacted fatty alcohol and olefins ("The Effect of Reaction By-Products on the Viscosities of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Solutions," Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Vol. 55, No. 12, pp. 909-913 (1978), CF Putnik and SEM McGuire). The level of non-alkyl sulfate impurities in the alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the present invention can be less than about 6% by weight, preferably less than about 4% by weight, and most preferably less than about 2% by weight based on the alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0157] Additional anionic surfactant

[0158] The personal cleansing composition may comprise an additional anionic surfactant. The additional anionic surfactant may be a non-alkoxylated, preferably a non-ethoxylated anionic surfactant. The additional anionic surfactant is different from the first surfactant.

[0159] The additional anionic surfactant is different from the first surfactant and can be selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauryl sulfate, C10-15 alkyl ammonium sulfate, C11-15 alkyl ammonium sulfate, decyl ammonium sulfate, undecyl ammonium sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium lauric acid monoglyceride sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium C10-15 alkyl sulfate, sodium C11-15 alkyl sulfate, decyl sodium ... sodium sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium lauric acid monoglyceride sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium Sodium alkyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium C10-15 alkyl sulfate, potassium C11-15 alkyl sulfate, potassium decyl sulfate, potassium undecyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, sodium tridecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, and combinations thereof.

[0160] Preferably, the additional anionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium undecyl sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium undecyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium undecyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, and combinations thereof.

[0161] Most preferably, the additional anionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauryl sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate and combinations thereof, even more preferably sodium lauryl sulfate.

[0162] The personal cleansing compositions may comprise from about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably from about 1% to about 8%, more preferably from about 2% to about 6%, most preferably from about 2.5% to about 5.5%, by weight of the composition, of an additional anionic surfactant.

[0163] Zwitterionic surfactants

[0164] The cleansing phase comprises from about 0.1% to about 20%, preferably from about 2% to about 10%, more preferably from about 3% to about 8%, most preferably from about 4% to 7%, by weight of the composition, of a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises betaine.

[0165] Betaine may comprise alkyl betaine or alkyl amidopropyl betaine. Preferably, betaine may be selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, cocoyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, betaine may comprise cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0166] Thus, the cleansing phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 20%, preferably from about 2% to about 10%, more preferably from about 3% to about 8%, most preferably from about 4% to 7%, by weight of the composition, of a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0167] When the cleansing phase comprises a first surfactant as described herein in addition to a betaine, the viscosity profile of the cleansing phase, and thus the resulting personal care composition, is improved in terms of increased lamellar phase volume, increased Young's modulus, and increased zero shear viscosity.

[0168] The cleansing phase may also include additional co-surfactants, which may be, for example, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, or combinations thereof. Suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants may include those described in US Pat. No. 5,104,646 and US Pat. No. 5,106,609.

[0169] Additional amphoteric detersive surfactants suitable for use in the cleansing phase may include those surfactants broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, wherein the aliphatic radical may be straight or branched chain, and wherein the aliphatic substituent may contain from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, such that one carbon atom may contain a water-solubilizing anionic group, such as a carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition may be 3-(dodecyldimethylamino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate or lauryl hydroxysulfonate, N-alkyltaurines (such as one prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072), N-higher alkyl aspartic acids (such as those prepared according to the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091), and the products described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378. Other examples of amphoteric surfactants can include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, disodium lauroamphoacetate, disodium cocoamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof. Amphoacetates and diamphoacetates can also be used.

[0170] Suitable nonionic surfactants for use in personal care compositions may include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl glucosides, polyglucosides (e.g., alkyl polyglucosides, decyl polyglucosides), polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fatty acid esters, sucrose esters, amine oxides, or mixtures thereof. Some exemplary nonionic surfactants may include cocamide monoethanolamine, decyl glucoside, or mixtures thereof.

[0171] The ratio of the weight percent of the first surfactant to the weight percent of betaine may be from about 0.5:1 to about 20:1, preferably from about 0.75:1 to about 9:1, more preferably from about 0.95:1 to about 2:1.

[0172] Layered structure

[0173] The cleansing phase of the personal care composition comprises an aqueous structured surfactant phase. The cleansing phase comprises a structured domain comprising a surfactant as set forth above. Preferably, the structured domain may be an opaque structured domain, which is preferably a lamellar phase. The lamellar phase produces a lamellar gel network. The lamellar phase can provide shear resistance, yield sufficient to suspend particles and droplets, and at the same time provide long-term stability because it is thermodynamically stable.

[0174] The personal care composition may be a structured lamellar composition.The personal care composition may comprise at least 40% of a lamellar structure, preferably at least 50% of a lamellar structure, more preferably at least 70% of a lamellar structure.

[0175] Alternatively, according to the ultracentrifugation methods disclosed herein, the personal care composition may comprise from 40% to 100% lamellar phase volume, preferably from 50% to 100%, more preferably from 70% to 100% lamellar phase volume.

[0176] Structured system

[0177] The personal care composition comprises a structuring system. The structuring system can help provide structure to the cleansing phase. The structuring system comprises an electrolyte. The structuring system can also comprise a rheology modifier. The structuring system can comprise a nonionic emulsifier.

[0178] Electrolytes

[0179] The structuring system of the personal care composition comprises electrolytes. The electrolytes may include anions, wherein the anions are selected from the group consisting of phosphate, chloride, sulfate, citrate, and mixtures thereof; and cations, wherein the cations are selected from the group consisting of sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof.

[0180] The electrolyte may be selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the electrolyte may comprise sodium chloride.

[0181] The personal care composition comprises from about 0.5% to about 5%, preferably from about 3% to about 5%, more preferably from about 4% to about 4.75%, most preferably from about 4.2% to about 4.75%, by weight of the personal care composition, of electrolytes.

[0182] In one aspect, the personal care composition may comprise from about 0.5% to about 5%, preferably from about 3% to about 5%, more preferably from about 4% to about 4.75%, most preferably from about 4.2% to about 4.75%, by weight of the personal care composition, of sodium chloride.

[0183] Rheology Modifiers

[0184] The structuring system of the cleansing phase comprises from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a rheology modifier.

[0185] Rheology modifiers can be associative polymers. Associative polymers are polymers consisting of a hydrophilic main chain and hydrophobic side chains. The behavior of these polymers in solution is the result of a competition between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of their structure. The hydrophobic units tend to form aggregates that constitute the connection points between the macromolecular chains. From a rheological point of view, associative water-soluble polymers have a very high viscosifying ability in water and maintain their viscosity very well in saline media. In mixed polymer and surfactant systems, surfactant aggregates can be formed that are stabilized by different types of interactions: electrostatic interactions, dipole interactions or hydrogen bonds. Associative water-soluble polymers can interact more specifically with surfactants due to their hydrophobic parts.

[0186] In particular, the hydrophilic backbone of these associative polymers can be produced by the polymerization of hydrophilic monomers containing functional groups, such as acid functional groups, to which hydrophobic chains can be subsequently grafted. This method for preparing associative polymers is described in particular in "Water Soluble Polymers", ACS Symposium Series 467, ed. Shalaby W Shalaby et al., Am. Chem. Soc. Washington (1991), pp. 82-200. However, water-soluble polymers of natural origin or natural polymers that have become water-soluble by chemical modification can also be used. Associative polymers can also be formed by copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers and hydrophobic monomers. These hydrophobic polymers, which are introduced into the reaction medium in much less amounts than the hydrophilic polymers, generally contain aliphatic hydrocarbon chains. The preparation method is described in a publication by S. Biggs et al., J. Phys Chem. (1992, 96. pp. 1505-11).

[0187] The rheology modifier may be selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, polysaccharides, modified polyols, hydrophobically modified polyacrylates, hydrophobically modified polysaccharides, and mixtures thereof.

[0188] The rheology modifier may preferably be selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, polysaccharides such as xanthan gum, modified polyols, hydrophobically modified polyacrylates, hydrophobically modified polysaccharides such as hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, and mixtures thereof.

[0189] The rheology modifier may be selected from the group consisting of sodium polyacrylate, acrylate copolymers, acrylates / vinyl isodecanoate crosspolymer, acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer having less than about 1% hydrophobically modified stearyl side chains, acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer containing less than about 5% hydrophobically modified octyl side chains, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate / beheneth-25 methacrylate crosspolymer, acrylates / beheneth-25 Methacrylates copolymer, acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, and acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate crosspolymer, PEG-150 / decyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer, PEG-150 / stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, distarch phosphate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, starch, tapioca starch, xanthan gum, gellan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar, sodium alginate, and mixtures thereof.

[0190] Non-limiting examples of associative polymers that are polyacrylates or hydrophobically modified polyacrylates include sodium polyacrylate, acrylate copolymers, acrylates / vinyl isodecanoate crosspolymer (Stabylen 30 from 3V), acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer (Pemulen TR1 and TR2), Aqupec SER-300 made by Sumitomo Seika of Japan (i.e., acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer containing stearyl side chains with less than about 1% HM), ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate / beheneth-25 methacrylate crosspolymer (Aristoflex HMB from Clariant), acrylates / beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer (Aculyn 28 from Rohm and Haas); acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer (Aculyn 30 from Rohm and Haas); 22) and acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate crosspolymer (Aculyn 88 from Rohm and Haas Company).

[0191] Acrylate copolymers are defined as polymers of two or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid (volume flow) or one of their simple esters. Simple esters of methacrylic acid are made from simple alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl and their corresponding regioisomers. An example of an acrylate copolymer can be BASF's Luvimer 100, which is made from a terpolymer of tert-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid.

[0192] Non-limiting examples of associative polymers that are modified polyols include PEG-150 / decyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer (Aculyn 44 from The Dow Chemical Company) and PEG-150 / stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer (Aculyn 46 from The Dow Chemical Company).

[0193] As used herein, "SMDI" refers to saturated methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. "PEG-150 / decyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer" is a copolymer of PEG-150 (volume flow) monomer, decyl alcohol (volume flow) monomer, and saturated methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (volume flow) (SMDI) monomer. "PEG-150 / stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer" is a copolymer of PEG-150 (volume flow) monomer, saturated methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (volume flow) (SMDI) monomer, and stearyl alcohol (volume flow) monomer.

[0194] Preferably, the rheology modifier may comprise acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer. Acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer is a copolymer of C10-30 alkyl acrylate and one or more monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a simple ester thereof crosslinked with sucrose allyl ether or pentaerythritol allyl ether.

[0195] An exemplary preferred acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer may be Aqupec SER-300 manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., Japan, i.e., acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer comprising stearyl side chains having less than about 1% hydrophobic modification (HM). Other preferred rheology modifiers in this class may include stearyl side chains, octyl side chains, decyl side chains, and lauryl side chains.

[0196] Preferred acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers can be Aqupec SER-150 (acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer containing about C18 (stearyl) side chains and about 0.4% HM) and Aqupec HV-701EDR (acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer containing about C8 (octyl) side chains and about 3.5% HM).

[0197] The crosslinked rheology modifier may comprise a hydrophobic modification percentage, which is the molar percentage of monomer, expressed as a percentage of the total number of all monomers in the polymer backbone, including acidic monomers and other non-acidic monomers. The hydrophobic modification percentage (hereinafter HM%) of the polymer may be determined by the ratio of monomers added during synthesis or by analytical techniques such as proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The alkyl side chain length may be similarly determined.

[0198] The structuring system of the cleansing phase comprises from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%, more preferably from about 0.02% to about 0.1%, most preferably from about 0.03% to about 0.05%, by weight of the personal care composition, of an acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer.

[0199] Non-limiting examples of associative polymers that are polysaccharides or modified polysaccharides include starch, tapioca starch, xanthan gum, gellan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, sodium alginate, and mixtures thereof.

[0200] The rheology modifier may comprise xanthan gum. Xanthan gum may help improve the stability of the personal care composition.

[0201] The structuring system of the cleansing phase comprises from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1% xanthan gum by weight of the personal care composition.

[0202] Alternatively, the rheology modifier may comprise a hydrophobically modified polysaccharide, in particular a modified starch. The modified starch may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, distarch phosphate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and mixtures thereof.

[0203] In particular, the modified starch may comprise hydroxypropyl starch phosphate. Hydroxypropyl starch phosphate is available as a XL or Cargill's C*HiForm TM A12747 is available. Distarch phosphate is available as Agrana ) company's Agenajel 20.306. Sodium carboxymethyl starch is available as J. Rettenmaier & Company CS instant powder provided.

[0204] The structuring system of the cleansing phase comprises from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1%, even most preferably from about 0.75% to about 0.95%, by weight of the personal care composition, of hydroxypropyl starch phosphate.

[0205] Starch is a carbohydrate polymer consisting of a large number of glucose units linked together mainly by α1-4 glycosidic bonds. Starch polymers exist in two forms: linear (amylose) and branched by α1-6 glycosidic bonds (amylopectin), with each glucose unit having up to three hydroxyl groups that can be chemically substituted.

[0206] Hydroxypropyl starch phosphate is a modified starch. It is obtained according to good manufacturing practice by esterifying food starch with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride and combining etherification with propylene oxide. Hydroxypropylation results in the replacement of the hydroxyl groups by 2-hydroxypropyl ether. In the case of crosslinks where phosphorus oxychloride connects two chains, the structure can be represented as: starch-ORO-starch, where R = crosslinking group and starch refers to a linear and / or branched structure.

[0207] Hydroxypropyl starch phosphate is a naturally derived and biodegradable rheology modifier that makes emulsions for personal care applications more stable and natural compared to other rheology modifiers, especially acrylates / C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers. When the rheology modifier is a modified starch, foam is improved.

[0208] Such rheology modifiers or associative polymers can help to significantly enhance the structure of the cleansing phase and thus the personal care composition, especially when the personal care composition contains reduced amounts of surfactants; and provide this structure at relatively low levels of rheology modifiers. Furthermore, foam may also be improved.

[0209] Not all crosslinked associative polymers are effective and many are detrimental to the structure. Associative polymers having hydrophobic side chains with less than 7 carbons and %HM greater than about 25% or about 50% are not preferred.

[0210] Nonionic emulsifier

[0211] The personal care composition may comprise a nonionic emulsifier.Preferably, the nonionic emulsifier has an HLB of from about 3.4 to 13.0, preferably from 3.4 to about 8.0.

[0212] The personal care composition may contain a nonionic emulsifier in a concentration range of from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 8%, even more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, most preferably from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, by weight of the composition.

[0213] The balance between the hydrophilic part and the lipophilic part in the surfactant molecule is used as a classification method (hydrophile-lipophile balance, HLB). The HLB values ​​of commonly used surfactants are easily obtained in the literature (e.g., HLB index in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents, MC Publishing Co., 2004). Another way to obtain the HLB value is to estimate it by calculation. The HLB system was originally invented by Griffin (J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., 1, 311, 1949). Griffin defined the HLB value of the surfactant as the molar percentage of the hydrophilic group divided by 5, where all hydrophilic molecules (without non-polar groups) have an HLB value of 20. Other examples of how to calculate HLB values ​​are described in the following documents: Davies in Interfacial Phenomena, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, London, 1963 and Lin in J. Phys. Chem. 76, 2019-2013, 1972.

[0214] The nonionic emulsifier used herein can be selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, caprylic / capric glyceride, isosteareth-2, trideceth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0215] The personal care composition may comprise a nonionic emulsifier in a concentration range of from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 8%, even more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, and most preferably from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, by weight of the composition, wherein the nonionic emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, caprylic / capric glyceride, isosteareth-2, trideceth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0216] Preferably, the nonionic emulsifier used herein may comprise at least one of trideceth-2 and trideceth-3. The personal care composition may comprise trideceth-2 or trideceth-3 in a concentration range of from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 8%, even more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, most preferably from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, by weight of the composition.

[0217] Alternatively, the nonionic emulsifier used herein may comprise at least one of monohydroxystearin and caprylic / capric glycerides. The personal care composition may comprise monohydroxystearin or caprylic / capric glycerides in a concentration range of from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 8%, even more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, most preferably from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, by weight of the composition.

[0218] Nonionic emulsifiers can help increase Young's modulus, thereby improving the structure and stability of the personal care composition.

[0219] Deposition polymer

[0220] Additionally, the personal care compositions may comprise a cationic deposition polymer in the cleansing phase as a deposition aid for the benefit agents described herein.

[0221] Suitable cationic deposition polymers for use in the composition may include a cationic nitrogen-containing moiety such as a quaternary ammonium moiety. Non-limiting examples of cationic deposition polymers for use in personal care compositions include cationic cellulose derivatives. Preferred cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with trimethylammonium-substituted epoxides, known in the industry (CTFA) as polyquaternium 10, available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their polymer KG, JR and LR polymer series (most preferably KG-30M). Other suitable cationic deposition polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, specific examples of which include the Jaguar series (preferably Jaguar C-17) commercially available from Rhodia Inc. and the N-Hance polymer series commercially available from Aqualon.

[0222] The cationic deposition polymer of the personal care composition may have a cationic charge density of from about 0.8 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, alternatively from about 1.0 meq / g to about 1.5 meq / g.

[0223] The personal care composition may comprise from 0.01% to 5%, preferably from 0.1% to 2%, more preferably from 0.2% to 1%, most preferably from 0.3% to 1% cationic deposition polymer by weight of the personal care composition.

[0224] In one aspect, the personal care composition may comprise from 0.01% to 5%, preferably from 0.1% to 2%, more preferably from 0.2% to 1%, most preferably from 0.3% to 1%, by weight of the personal care composition, of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.

[0225] water

[0226] The cleansing phase of the personal care composition may comprise water.The cleansing phase of the personal care composition may comprise from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt %, alternatively from about 40 wt % to about 85 wt %, alternatively from about 60 wt % to about 80 wt % water.

[0227] Beneficial

[0228] The personal care composition comprises a benefit phase. The benefit phase in the personal care composition can be hydrophobic or substantially anhydrous, and can be substantially free of water. The benefit phase can be substantially free of surfactants or free of surfactants.

[0229] The benefit phase typically comprises a benefit agent. The benefit agent may include a water-insoluble or hydrophobic benefit agent. The benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10% of a benefit agent by weight of the personal care composition.

[0230] The hydrophobic skin benefit agents used in the benefit phase of the composition may have a Vaughan Solubility Parameter (VSP) of from about 5 to about 15, preferably from about 5 to less than 10. These solubility parameters are well known in the formulation arts and are defined by Vaughan in Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 103, pp. 47-69, October 1988.

[0231] The benefit agent may be selected from the group consisting of: petrolatum; lanolin; derivatives of lanolin; natural waxes; synthetic waxes; volatile organosilicones; derivatives of volatile organosilicones; non-volatile organosilicones; derivatives of non-volatile organosilicones; lanolin oil; lanolin esters;

[0232] Natural triglycerides; synthetic triglycerides; and mixtures thereof.

[0233] Preferably, the benefit agent may comprise petrolatum.The benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of petrolatum.

[0234] Alternatively, non-limiting exemplary glycerides suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include castor oil, soybean oil, derivative soybean oils such as maleated soybean oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil and sesame oil, vegetable oils, sunflower seed oil and vegetable oil derivatives; coconut oil and derivative coconut oils, cottonseed oil and derivative cottonseed oils, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, and mixtures thereof.

[0235] Preferably, the benefit agent may comprise a glyceride, wherein the glyceride is selected from the group consisting of castor oil, soybean oil, derivative soybean oils such as maleated soybean oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil and sesame oil, vegetable oils, sunflower seed oil and vegetable oil derivatives; coconut oil and derivative coconut oils, cottonseed oil and derivative cottonseed oils, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, and mixtures thereof.

[0236] The benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a glyceride, wherein the glyceride is selected from the group consisting of castor oil, soybean oil, derivative soybean oils such as maleated soybean oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil and sesame oil, vegetable oils, sunflower seed oil and vegetable oil derivatives; coconut oil and derivative coconut oils, cottonseed oil and derivative cottonseed oils, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, and mixtures thereof.

[0237] Preferably, the benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a glyceride, wherein the glyceride is selected from the group consisting of castor oil, soybean oil, maleated soybean oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, almond oil, sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, and mixtures thereof.

[0238] More preferably, the benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a glyceride, wherein the glyceride is selected from the group consisting of castor oil, soybean oil, maleated soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, and mixtures thereof.

[0239] Most preferably, the benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a glyceride, wherein the glyceride includes soybean oil, maleated soybean oil, and mixtures thereof.

[0240] Non-limiting examples of acetylated glycerides suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include acetylated monoglycerides.

[0241] Non-limiting examples of alkyl esters suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include isopropyl esters of fatty acids and long chain esters of long chain (i.e., C10-C24) fatty acids, such as cetyl ricinoleate, non-limiting examples of which include isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, cetyl ricinoleate, and octadecyl ricinoleate. Other examples are: hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, myristyl myristate, isohexyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisohexyl adipate, dihexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, acyl isononanoate, lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, and mixtures thereof.

[0242] Non-limiting examples of alkenyl esters suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, oleyl oleate, and mixtures thereof.

[0243] Non-limiting examples of polyglyceryl fatty acid esters suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include decaglyceryl distearate, decaglyceryl diisostearate, decaglyceryl monomyristate, decaglyceryl monolaurate, hexaglyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monooleate, and mixtures thereof.

[0244] Non-limiting examples of lanolin and lanolin derivatives suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include lanolin, lanolin oil, lanolin wax, lanolin alcohol, lanolin fatty acid, isopropyl lanolate, acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohol, lanolin alcohol linoleate, lanolin alcohol ricinoleate, and mixtures thereof.

[0245] Non-limiting examples of silicone oils suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include dimethicone copolyols, dimethylpolysiloxane, diethylpolysiloxane, mixed C1-C30 alkyl polysiloxanes, phenyl dimethicone, dimethiconol, and mixtures thereof. Preferred are non-volatile silicones selected from the following: dimethicone, dimethiconol, mixed C1-C30 alkyl polysiloxanes, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of silicone oils useful herein are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,681 (Ciotti et al.).

[0246] Other suitable hydrophobic skin benefit agents also include milk triglycerides (eg, hydroxylated milk glycerides) and polyol fatty acid polyesters.

[0247] Still other suitable hydrophobic skin benefit agents include wax esters, non-limiting examples of which include beeswax and beeswax derivatives, spermaceti, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate, and mixtures thereof. Also useful are vegetable waxes such as carnauba wax and candelilla wax; sterols such as cholesterol, cholesterol fatty acid esters; and phospholipids such as lecithin and derivatives, sphingolipids, ceramides, glycosphingolipids, and mixtures thereof. Still other suitable benefit agents also include monoolein.

[0248] Preferably, the beneficial phase may include a hydrophobic beneficial agent and a lipid bilayer structurant. The lipid bilayer structurant includes glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monolaurate, or a mixture thereof. The beneficial agent includes petrolatum, soybean oil, sucrose polyester, mineral oil, or a mixture thereof.

[0249] In this aspect, the benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a hydrophobic benefit agent, wherein the hydrophobic benefit agent is selected from the group consisting of petrolatum, soybean oil, sucrose polyesters, mineral oil, or mixtures thereof; and from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.02% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.02% to about 1%, most preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a lipid bilayer structurant, wherein the lipid bilayer structurant is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monolaurate, or mixtures thereof.

[0250] Preferably, the benefit phase may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 4.5% to about 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a hydrophobic benefit agent, wherein the hydrophobic benefit agent comprises petrolatum or soybean oil; and from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.02% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.02% to about 1%, most preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a lipid bilayer structurant, wherein the lipid bilayer structurant comprises glyceryl monooleate or glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl monolaurate.

[0251] Physical contact between the cleansing phase and the benefit phase

[0252] In the personal care composition, the cleansing phase and the benefit phase can be in physical contact. The phases can be blended or mixed to a significant degree, but still physically distinct, such that the physical distinctness is not detectable to the naked eye.

[0253] The phases may be made to occupy separate and distinct physical spaces within the package in which the phases may be stored. In such an arrangement, the structured cleansing phase and the benefit phase may be stored such that the phases are not in direct contact with each other.

[0254] Alternatively, the personal care composition can be a multi-phase personal care composition, in which the phases of the personal care composition are caused to occupy separate and distinct physical spaces within the package in which they are stored, but are in direct contact with one another (i.e., they are not separated by barriers and they are not emulsified or mixed to any significant extent).

[0255] The cleansing phase and the benefit phase can be in physical contact while remaining visually distinct to provide, for example, a striped or marbled or geometric configuration.

[0256] Optional Ingredients

[0257] Although not necessary for the purposes of the present disclosure, the materials shown below (in addition to the previously disclosed materials), optional materials are suitable for use in personal care compositions and may be desirably incorporated into certain embodiments, for example to aid or enhance cleaning performance, for treating the skin or to change the aesthetics of the personal care composition as in the case of fragrances, colorants, dyes, etc. The optional materials that can be used in the products herein are classified or described according to their cosmetic and / or therapeutic benefits or their assumed modes of action or functions. However, it should be understood that in some cases, active substances and other substances that can be used herein can provide more than one cosmetic and / or therapeutic benefits, or act or operate via more than one mode of action. Therefore, the classification herein is only for convenience and is not intended to limit the ingredients to one or more of the applications specifically indicated listed. The exact nature of these optional materials and their incorporation levels will depend on the physical form of the composition and the properties of the cleaning operation to be performed using it. The optional materials are typically incorporated in amounts of less than about 6%, less than about 5%, less than about 4%, less than about 3%, less than about 2%, less than about 1%, less than about 0.5%, less than about 0.25%, less than about 0.1%, less than about 0.01%, less than about 0.005% of the personal care composition.

[0258] The phase (preferably, the cleansing phase) of the personal care composition may also optionally include a liquid crystal phase inducing structurant present at a concentration of from about 0.3% to about 15% by weight of the phase. Suitable liquid crystal phase inducing structurants include trihydroxystearin (available from Rheox, Inc. under the trade name R obtained). The personal care composition does not contain fatty acids because fatty acids have a negative impact on foam performance.

[0259] Other non-limiting optional ingredients that can be used in the personal care composition can include optional benefit components selected from the group consisting of: thickeners; preservatives; antimicrobial agents; fragrances; chelating agents (e.g., such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,884 to Bisset et al.); sequestrants; vitamins (e.g., retinol); vitamin derivatives (e.g., tocopheryl acetate, niacinamide, panthenol); sunscreens; desquamation actives (e.g., such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,681 to Bisset et al.); ,852 and 5,652,228); anti-wrinkle / anti-atrophy actives (e.g., N-acetyl derivatives, thiols, hydroxy acids, phenols); antioxidants (e.g., ascorbic acid derivatives, tocopherols); skin soothing / skin healing agents (e.g., pantothenic acid derivatives, aloe vera, allantoin); skin lightening agents (e.g., kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid derivatives); skin tanning agents (e.g., dihydroxyacetone); anti-acne medications; essential oils; sensates; pigments; colorants; pearlescent agents; interference pigments (e.g., granted Liang No. 6,645,511 to Aronson et al., No. 6,759,376 to Zhang et al., No. 6,780,826 to Zhang et al., particles (e.g., talc, kaolin, mica, smectite clay, cellulose powder, polysiloxane, silica, carbonate, titanium dioxide, polyethylene beads), hydrophobically modified non-platelet particles (e.g., hydrophobically modified titanium dioxide and other materials described in commonly owned patent application entitled "Personal Care Compositions Containing Hydrophobically Modified Non-plateletparticle" filed by Taylor et al. on February 15, 2005 and published on August 17, 2006 as Publication No. 2006 / 0182699A), and mixtures thereof.

[0260] The personal care composition may comprise from about 0.1% to about 4%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a hydrophobically modified titanium dioxide.

[0261] One or more of the phases of the personal care composition may contain various additional optional ingredients, such as sparkling particles, beads, frosted beads. The above optional ingredients are most typically those materials that are approved for use in cosmetics and described in reference books such as "CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook" Second Edition (The Cosmetic, Toiletries, and Fragrance Association, Inc. 1988, 1992).

[0262] How to use

[0263] The personal care composition can be topically applied to the desired area of ​​the skin or hair, preferably in an amount sufficient to effectively deliver the skin cleanser, hydrophobic material and particles to the application surface. The composition can be applied directly to the skin or indirectly by using a cleansing puff, towel, sponge or other tool. The composition can be preferably diluted with water before, during or after topical application, and then subsequently rinsed or wiped with water or a water-insoluble substrate that combines with water, preferably rinsing the application surface. Therefore, the present disclosure also relates to a method of cleaning the skin by the above-mentioned application of the composition.

[0264] A method for increasing the stability of a personal care composition is provided, and the method for increasing the stability of a personal care composition comprises the step of forming a personal care composition as described above with a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, optionally wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of formula I and a surfactant isomer of formula II:

[0265]

[0266] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0267] where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; and

[0268] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium; wherein the first surfactant comprises: from about 37% to about 50%, preferably from about 38% to about 49%, more preferably from about 40% to about 49% of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; from about 50% to about 63%, preferably from about 51% to about 62%, more preferably from about 51% to about 60% of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and less than or equal to about 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0269] A method for enhancing the deposition of a benefit agent of a personal care composition is provided, and the method for enhancing the deposition of a benefit agent of a personal care composition comprises, in sequence, the steps of forming a personal care composition as described above with a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, optionally wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of formula I and a surfactant isomer of formula II:

[0270]

[0271] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0272] where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; and

[0273] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium; wherein the first surfactant comprises: from about 37% to about 50%, preferably from about 38% to about 49%, more preferably from about 40% to about 49% of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, based on the weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant includes 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; from about 50% to about 63%, preferably from about 51% to about 62%, more preferably from about 51% to about 60% of the C 13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and less than or equal to about 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, based on the weight of the first surfactant, preferably less than or equal to about 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, based on the weight of the first surfactant, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant is not a C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and the step of placing the personal care composition on the skin and / or hair of a consumer.

[0274] A method of enhancing hydration or perfume scent of a consumer's skin and / or hair is provided, and the method of enhancing hydration or perfume scent of a consumer's skin and / or hair comprises, in sequence, the steps of forming a personal care composition as described above with a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, optionally wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of Formula I and a surfactant isomer of Formula II:

[0275]

[0276] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0277] where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; and

[0278] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium; and wherein the first surfactant comprises: from about 37% to about 50%, preferably from about 38% to about 49%, more preferably from about 40% to about 49%, by weight of the first surfactant, of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; from about 50% to about 63%, preferably from about 51% to about 62%, more preferably from about 51% to about 60%, by weight of the first surfactant, of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; 3 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and less than or equal to about 5% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably less than or equal to about 4% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant is not a C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and the step of placing the personal care composition on the skin and / or hair of a consumer.

[0279] Use of a first surfactant as described herein to provide a structured and stable personal care composition.

[0280] Use of a first surfactant as described herein for providing lathering properties to a personal care composition.

[0281] Use of a first surfactant as described herein for providing mildness to a personal care composition.

[0282] Use of a first surfactant as described herein for providing a scent experience of a personal care composition. Providing a scent experience may mean leaving a pleasant and / or long-lasting scent on the skin and / or hair.

[0283] The use of a first surfactant as described herein is useful for depositing benefit agents of a personal care composition for providing skin feel attributes such as moisturization or skin feeling less oily and / or less sticky.

[0284] Manufacturing method

[0285] The personal care composition can be prepared by any known or other effective technology suitable for preparing and modulating the desired product form. It is also effective to combine the toothpaste tube filling technology with the rotating stage design. In addition, the personal care composition can be prepared by the method and apparatus disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,213,166 to Thibiant et al. The method and apparatus allow two or more compositions to be filled into a single container in a spiral configuration using at least two nozzles for filling the container, which is placed on a static mixer and rotates as the composition is introduced into the container.

[0286] Alternatively, the personal care composition can be prepared by the method disclosed in commonly owned patent application, U.S. Patent No. 2004 / 0219119A1, entitled "Visually distinctive multiple liquid phase compositions," filed by Wei et al. on April 30, 2004, and published on November 18, 2004. The method and apparatus allow two separate compositions to be combined in predetermined amounts, blended into a single resulting composition having visually distinct phases, and filled through a nozzle into a single container that descends and rotates during filling.

[0287] If the personal care composition is patterned, it may be desirable to package it as a personal care article. The personal care article will contain these compositions in a transparent or translucent package so that the consumer can see the pattern through the package. Due to the viscosity of the subject composition, it may also be desirable to include instructions on the lid to provide the consumer with instructions to store the package inverted for easy dispensing.

[0288] Package

[0289] The personal care composition can be dispensed from a squeezable package with an aperture, such as a conventional body wash or shampoo package. The package can be a compact package, i.e., containing a volume of less than about 250 ml, or 200 ml, or 150 ml to indicate that the contents are concentrated. The shear-thinning composition can be dispensed from a package with a slit valve aperture or other flexible aperture, typically cut from a silicone elastomeric material and inserted into the aperture housing.

[0290] When the composition has a relatively low viscosity at 10 1 / s, preferably less than about 0.25 Pa.s, it can be dispensed from a foaming package, such as a pump foamer. The composition can also be dispensed from a liquid pump package.

[0291] Test Method

[0292] It should be understood that the test methods disclosed in the Test Methods section of this application should be used to determine the corresponding parameter values ​​of Applicants' invention as described and claimed herein.

[0293] T-Bar Viscosity Method

[0294] The viscosity of the personal care composition can be assessed by the T-bar viscosity method. The T-bar measurement equipment includes a Brookfield DV-II+Pro viscometer with a lifting stand attachment; a suction cup, weight and plug assembly for T-bar attachment; a T-bar spindle D, a personal computer with Rheocalc software from Brookfield, and a cable connecting the Brookfield viscometer to the computer. First, weigh 80 grams of the personal care composition in a 4-ounce glass jar. The T-bar viscosity is measured by carefully lowering the T-bar spindle to the inner bottom of the glass jar and setting the lifting stand to travel upward. Open the Rheocalc software and set the following data acquisition parameters: set the speed to 5 rpm, set the wait torque time to 00:01 (1 second), and set the cycle start count to 100. Start data acquisition and start the lifting stand to travel upward at a speed of 22 mm / min. The T-bar viscosity is the average T-bar viscosity reading between the 10th reading and the 90th reading (the first ten readings and the last ten readings are not used for the average T-bar viscosity calculation). The T-bar viscosity reading is provided in cP (1 cP equals 1 mPa.s). After obtaining the initial viscosity reading, the personal care composition is placed at 50°C for 10 days for rapid aging. After completing the stability test at 50°C, the sample is balanced at 25°C for 24 hours. The viscosity measurement is then repeated to obtain the final viscosity. The percent change in initial viscosity is measured from the final viscosity measurement to obtain the percent change in viscosity.

[0295] Zero Shear Viscosity and Young's Modulus Methods

[0296] The zero shear viscosity of a material that is a phase or component of a personal care composition can be measured prior to combination into the composition, after preparation of the composition, or by first separating the phase or component from the composition by suitable physical separation means (such as centrifugation, pipetting, mechanical excision, washing, filtration, or other separation means).

[0297] Zero shear viscosity is determined using a controlled stress rheometer such as the TA Instruments Discovery HR2 Rheometer. The measurements are performed at 25°C using a 4 cm diameter parallel plate measuring system and a 1 mm gap. The geometry has a 79580 m -3 The shear stress factor is used to convert the torque obtained into stress. A serrated plate can be used to obtain consistent results when slip occurs.

[0298] First, the material (i.e. the sample to be tested) is positioned on the bottom plate of the rheometer, and the measurement geometry (upper plate) is moved to a position 1.1 mm above the bottom plate. After locking the geometry, the excess material at the edge of the geometry is removed by scraping. The geometry is then moved to a 1 mm target position above the bottom plate, and allowed to pause for about 1 minute to relax the load stress. This load process ensures that there is no load that can affect the tangential stress of the obtained result at the beginning of the measurement. If the material contains particles (e.g. beads) that are discernible by the naked eye or sense greater than about 150 microns in number average diameter, the gap between the bottom plate and the upper plate is set to be increased to a smaller distance of 4 mm or 8 times the particle diameter of the 95th volume percentile. If the phase has any particles greater than 5 mm in any size, the particles are removed before measurement.

[0299] The measurements were performed by applying a continuous shear stress ramp from 0.1 Pa to 1,000 Pa over a 4 minute time interval, using a logarithmic series, i.e. the measurement points were evenly spaced on a logarithmic scale. Thirty (30) measurement points were obtained for each ten-fold increase in stress. If the measurement results were incomplete, e.g. if material was observed to flow out of the gap, the obtained results were evaluated and the incomplete data points were excluded. If there were not enough points to obtain an accurate measurement, the measurement was repeated with an increased number of sampling points.

[0300] Young's modulus (Pa) is obtained by plotting stress (Pa) versus strain (dimensionless) and obtaining the slope of the regression line for the initial linear region between stress and strain, which typically occurs in the region below about 4% strain. If the relationship is nonlinear, dimensionless strain is used and the slope of the linear regression line below 2% strain is taken as Young's modulus (Pa).

[0301] The zero shear viscosity is obtained by taking the first median viscosity in Pascal-seconds (Pa.sec) for the viscosity data obtained between 0.1 Pa and the point where the viscosity begins to drop sharply, including this range. After obtaining the first median viscosity, all viscosity values ​​greater than 5 times the first median value and less than 0.2x of the first median value are excluded, and the second median viscosity value is obtained for the same viscosity data excluding the specified data point. The second median viscosity thus obtained is the zero shear viscosity.

[0302] The personal care composition may have a zero shear viscosity of at least about 1,000 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 1,500 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 2,500 Pa.s, alternatively at least about 5,000 Pa.s.

[0303] The personal care composition may have a Young's modulus of at least about 40 Pa, alternatively at least about 50 Pa, alternatively at least about 75 Pa, alternatively at least about 100 Pa, alternatively at least about 150 Pa.

[0304] Ultracentrifugation method

[0305] The ultracentrifugation method is used to determine the percentage of structured domains or opaque structured domains (e.g., lamellar phases) present in a multiphase personal care composition. The method involves separating the composition into separate but distinguishable layers by ultracentrifugation. The multiphase personal care compositions of the present invention can have multiple distinguishable layers (e.g., a structured surfactant layer and a benefit layer).

[0306] The composition was separated into separate but distinguishable layers by ultracentrifugation.The multi-phase personal care compositions of the present invention can have multiple distinguishable layers (eg, a structured surfactant layer and a benefit layer).

[0307] First, dispense about 4 grams of the composition into a Beckman centrifuge tube (11 x 60 mm) to fill the tube. Place the centrifuge tube into an ultracentrifuge (Beckman L8-M model or equivalent) using a sling rotor and ultracentrifuge under the following conditions: 50,000 rpm, 2 hours and 40°C.

[0308] The relative phase volumes of the various phases of the composition are measured by measuring the height of each layer using an electronic digital caliper (to within 0.01 mm). If desired, one skilled in the art identifies the layers by physical observation techniques combined with chemical identification. For example, for the present invention, the structured surfactant layer is identified as a structured lamellar phase comprising multilamellar vesicles by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), polarized light microscopy, and / or X-ray diffraction, and the hydrophobic benefit layer is identified by its low moisture content (less than 10% water content as measured by Karl Fischer titration). The total height H is measured. a , including all the material in the ultracentrifuge tube. Next, the height of each layer is measured from the bottom of the centrifuge tube to the top of the layer, and the span of each layer is determined algebraically by subtraction. If the beneficial phase has more than one component that can phase split into a liquid layer and a waxy layer or if there is more than one beneficial component, the beneficial layer may include several layers. If the beneficial phase splits, the sum of the measured beneficial layers is the beneficial layer height H b Typically, the hydrophobic benefit layer (when present) is located at the top of the centrifuge tube.

[0309] The cleaning phase may include several or a single layer of H cThere may also be a micellar, unstructured, transparent isotropic layer at or near the bottom of the ultracentrifuge tube. The layer immediately above the isotropic phase usually includes a higher surfactant concentration with a higher order structure (such as liquid crystals). These structured layers are sometimes opaque, translucent, or transparent to the naked eye. There may be several structured layers, in which case H c is the sum of the individual structured layers. If any type of polymer-surfactant phase is present, it is considered a structured phase and is included in H c The total of the aqueous phase is H s .

[0310] Finally, the domain volume ratio is calculated as follows:

[0311] Domain volume ratio = H c / H s *100%

[0312] If no beneficial phase is present, use the total height as the surfactant layer height, H s =H a For the present invention, the domain volume fraction is the lamellar phase %.

[0313] The personal care composition may have a Structured Domain Volume Ratio of at least about 40%, alternatively at least about 50%, alternatively at least about 55%, alternatively at least about 60%, alternatively at least about 65%, alternatively at least about 70%, alternatively at least about 75%, alternatively at least about 80%, alternatively at least about 85%, alternatively at least about 90%, based on the volume of the aqueous structured surfactant phase.

[0314] A third phase method for determining the stability of structured surfactants

[0315] The "third phase" method is used to determine the stability of the structured surfactant phase in a personal care composition. The method involves placing the personal care composition at 50°C for 10 days for rapid aging. After rapid aging, about 4 grams of the composition is transferred to a Beckman centrifuge tube (11×60 mm). The centrifuge tube is placed in a Beckman LE-80 ultracentrifuge and the ultracentrifuge is operated under the following conditions: 50,000 rpm, 2 hours and 40°C.

[0316] After ultracentrifugation, Figure 4 The third phase volume was determined by measuring the height of the various surfactant phases using an electronic digital caliper (to within 0.01 mm) as shown. An example of a personal care composition comprising Expancel microspheres is shown in Figure 4 middle.

[0317] The top layer is a hydrophobic benefit phase layer (hydrocarbon or soybean oil, etc.). The following tests were performed on the surfactant / water layer below the hydrophobic benefit phase layer: a is the height of all layers containing surfactant / water, and H b is the height of the clear "third phase" layer just below the hydrophobic beneficial phase layer. It is important to record the reading within 30 minutes after the end of the ultracentrifugation to minimize migration of material between the different layers. The volume of the third phase is calculated as follows:

[0318] Volume % of the third phase = H b / H a *100%

[0319] Preferably, after the rapid aging stability protocol, the aqueous structured surfactant phase or composition may contain less than 10% "third phase" volume. More preferably, after the rapid aging stability protocol, the aqueous structured surfactant phase or composition may contain less than 5% "third phase" volume. More preferably, after the rapid aging stability protocol, the aqueous structured surfactant phase or composition may contain less than 2% "third phase" volume. Even more preferably, after the rapid aging protocol, the aqueous structured surfactant phase or composition may contain less than 1% "third phase" volume. Most preferably, after the rapid aging protocol, the aqueous structured surfactant phase or composition may contain about 0% "third phase" volume.

[0320] Example

[0321] The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The examples provided are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, as many changes may be made thereto without departing from the present invention. Applicable ingredients herein are identified by chemical name or CTFA name, unless otherwise specified below.

[0322] Examples of suitable alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants and their synthesis:

[0323] The following examples are representative and non-limiting examples of suitable first surfactants comprising a mixture of C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants and C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, including non-limiting methods of synthesis from corresponding starting alcohols. The corresponding starting alcohols include corresponding mixtures of C12 and C13 alcohols.

[0324] Using the above method with sulfur trioxide, the starting alcohols described below as Alcohol Example 1 and Alcohol Example 2 were commercially available and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC / FID) as indicated below:

[0325] Samples are typically evaluated by diluting the starting alcohol example to approximately 0.1% (v / v) in a volatile alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. The prepared sample (1 μL injection volume) is injected at 280°C into the splitless inlet and onto an Agilent DB-1, 30 m×0.250 mm ID, 0.25 μm film thickness capillary GC column. 2 The carrier gas was in constant pressure mode at 0.68 bar (10.00 psi). The oven temperature program [50 °C (2 min), ramp (10 °C / min) to 300 °C (3 min)] had a total run time of 30 min. The flame ionization detection (FID) temperature was 320 °C with 30 mL / min H 2 flow, 300 mL / min air flow and 30 mL / min make-up (N 2 )flow.

[0326] Non-limiting starting alcohols are:

[0327] Alcohol Example 1. Commercially available from Sasol under the trade name 123A alcohol.

[0328] Alcohol Example 2. Commercially available from Sasol under the trade name 123A alcohol.

[0329] First Surfactant Example 1. Synthesis of the First Surfactant Alkyl Sulfate Using a Falling Film Sulfation Reactor

[0330] Using SO generated from sulfur combustion gas facilities 3 The alcohol from Alcohol Example 1 was sulfated in a falling film using a Chemithon single 15 mm x 2 m tube reactor with a sulfur combustion gas facility operating at 2.4 kg / h (5.3 lb / h) sulfur to produce 3.56% SO by volume 3 The alcohol feed rate was 14.2 kg / h (31.33 lb / hr) and the feed temperature was 37.8°C (100 ℉ ). Conversion of the alcohol to the alcohol sulfuric acid mixture was achieved at 97.75% completion. Neutralization with 50% sodium hydroxide was completed at ambient process temperature to achieve 0.55% excess sodium hydroxide. 124.9 L (33 gallons) of sodium neutralized first surfactant sulfate paste. Standard cation SO 3 The final average product activity was determined to be 69.8% by titration analysis.

[0331] First Surfactant Example 2. Synthesis of Another First Surfactant Alkyl Sulfate Using a Falling Film Sulfation Reactor

[0332] First Surfactant Example 2 was prepared from the alcohol from Alcohol Example 2 using the same protocol as First Surfactant Example 1. The standard cation SO 3 The final average product activity was determined to be 28.3% by titration analysis.

[0333] The effect of the type of branching within the alkyl chain of a first surfactant comprising a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant on performance in a personal cleansing formulation was evaluated in terms of lamellar phase volume, Young's modulus, and zero shear viscosity according to the test methods described above.

[0334] Test Materials:

[0335] The relative performance of the first surfactant comprising a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant was determined based on the starting alcohols summarized in Table 1. Starting alcohol Example 1 in Table 1 comprises or consists essentially of C12 and C13 alkyl chains. Alcohol Example 1 used to prepare the first surfactant in the composition of the present invention has a branching type as described in the claims and is prepared according to the preparation method described herein.

[0336] Example 1 of alcohol can be trade name 123A alcohol was purchased from Sasol and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC / FID) as described above. The alkyl chain distribution is provided in Table 1.

[0337] Table 1: Alkyl chain distribution of starting alcohol Example 1. 123A alcohol is commercially available from Sasol

[0338]

[0339]

[0340] 1 Based on the weight of the starting alcohol

[0341] 2 By weight of C12 alcohol

[0342] 3 Based on the weight of 2-alkyl branched C12 alcohol

[0343] 4 By weight of C13 alcohol

[0344] 5 Based on the weight of 2-alkyl branched C13 alcohol 6 Such as alcohol isomers having alkyl chain lengths other than 12 or 13 carbons.

[0345] The starting alcohol Example 1 of Table 1 was separately sulfated in a pilot facility according to the method described above to provide a first surfactant Example 1. The resulting alkyl sulfate distribution (Table 2) was retained and corresponded to the alkyl chain distribution described for alcohol Example 1 in Table 1. The data shown in Table 2 are indicative only, as measured by a UHPLC-CAD method that has not been standardized.

[0346] Table 2: From the supply of Sasol 123A alcohol obtained including C12 alkyl sulfate anion table Indicative alkyl chain of the first surfactant of a mixture of surfactant and C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant distributed

[0347]

[0348]

[0349] 1 by weight of the first surfactant

[0350] 2 By weight of C12 alkyl sulfate

[0351] 3 By weight of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate

[0352] 4 By weight of C13 alkyl sulfate

[0353] 5 Based on the weight of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate

[0354] 6 Such as isomers where the alkyl chain length is not 12 or 13 carbons.

[0355] Example 2 of alcohol can be trade name 123A alcohol was purchased from Sasol and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC / FID) as described above. The alkyl chain distribution is provided in Table 3.

[0356] Starting alcohol Example 2 of Table 3 was separately sulfated in a pilot plant according to the method described above to provide a first surfactant Example 2. The resulting alkyl sulfate distribution was retained and corresponded to the alkyl chain distribution described for alcohol Example 2.

[0357] Table 3: Alkyl chain distribution of starting alcohol example 2. 123A alcohol is commercially available from Sasol have to

[0358]

[0359]

[0360] Compare the first surfactant

[0361] A comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfate was prepared as a comparative first surfactant from tridecyl alcohol. Tridecyl alcohol can be used as 13 is commercially available from ExxonMobil Corporation.

[0362] Comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfates were prepared according to the following method: SO generated from a sulfur combustion gas facility was used. 3 Using a Chemithon single 15 mm x 2 m tube reactor will be available under the trade name 13 Tridecyl alcohol commercially available from ExxonMobil was sulfated in a falling film, sulfur-fired gas facility operating at 2.4 kg / h (5.3 lb / h) sulfur to produce 3.56% SO by volume 3 The alcohol feed rate was 14.2 kg / h (31.33 lb / hr) and the feed temperature was 37.8°C (100 ℉ ). Conversion of the alcohol to the alcohol sulfuric acid mixture was achieved at 97.75% completion. Neutralization with 50% sodium hydroxide was completed at ambient process temperature to achieve 0.55% excess sodium hydroxide. 124.9 L (33 gallons) of sodium neutralized first surfactant sulfate paste. Standard cation SO 3 Analysis by titration method determined the final average product activity to be about 29%.

[0363] The resulting comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfate was further concentrated to 69% to 71% active and used in attempts to prepare concentrated personal cleansing compositions.

[0364] The resulting comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfate had two phases, as confirmed by microscopy: a fuzzy birefringent texture was observed, with a relatively high level of dispersed crystalline phases (spheres with a birefringent cross pattern). It is common for materials to have crystalline phases at ambient temperature. This requires heating for transportation and storage. However, even at 65°C, the comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfate remained in two phases.

[0365] The rheology of the comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfate appears to make it unsuitable for manufacture and commercial use. It is a gel with a somewhat hard texture at all temperatures evaluated, which means that it would be difficult to manufacture into the claimed personal cleansing composition.

[0366] Furthermore, it is worth noting that, on a large scale, it is almost impossible to manufacture comparative branched alkyl C13 alkyl sulfates because they do not have fluid rheology, as phase separation occurs at the end of the sulfation process. Therefore, there is a need to select a better first surfactant that can result in a personal cleansing composition that is stable and has satisfactory rheological properties.

[0367] Comparison of surfactant compositions

[0368] The following compositions were prepared and evaluated. First, a surfactant phase composition was prepared using First Surfactant Example 1. First Surfactant Example 1 is a sulfated product prepared from Alcohol Example 1, which is available under the trade name 123A alcohol was purchased from Sasol.

[0369] Then, the surfactant phase composition is prepared using the first surfactant Example 2. The first surfactant Example 2 is a sulfated product prepared from the alcohol Example 2, which can be supplied by Sasol under the trade name 123A alcohol is commercially available.

[0370] The surfactant composition of Table 4 (below) was prepared by adding water to a mixing vessel. The following ingredients were then added and mixed continuously: sodium lauroamphoacetate or cocamidopropyl betaine, anionic surfactant (first surfactant example 1 or 2, or sodium isotridecyl sulfate), trideceth-3, EDTA, sodium benzoate, and sodium chloride. The pH was adjusted to pH = 5.7 ± 0.2 by adding citric acid solution (50% active). Then, methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone were added. Stirring was continued until uniform.

[0371] After preparing these compositions, their lamellar phase volume, Young's modulus, and zero shear viscosity were determined using the methods disclosed herein. The results are captured in Table 4 below and are given in Figure 1 It is shown in a graphical form. Figure 1 The rheological spectra as a function of shear stress are shown for the inventive examples and comparative examples.

[0372] Stability is typically assessed by measuring the lamellar phase volume by the ultracentrifugation method described above after aging the product at 50°C for 10 days.

[0373] Comparative Example 1 contains sodium isotridecyl sulfate as the anionic surfactant, which contains a mixture of branched 13 carbon aliphatic alkyl sulfates. Comparative Example 1 is not structured and is not stable at all, has no lamellar phase volume, and has a relatively low Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity.

[0374] However, when sodium isotridecyl sulfate has been replaced by the first surfactant Example 1, which is a sulfated product prepared from alcohol Example 1 supplied by Sasol under the trade name SULFATE®, a significant improvement in the viscosity profile of the surfactant phase composition is observed, with both Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity increasing significantly. 123A alcohol was obtained commercially (Comparative Example 2).

[0375] And additionally, when the amphoteric surfactant sodium lauroamphoacetate was replaced by cocamidopropyl betaine as the zwitterionic surfactant, both Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity increased significantly further. Example 1 at 79% lamellar phase volume is structured and stable; and has an improved viscosity profile, which shows the effectiveness of combining the first surfactant described herein with a zwitterionic surfactant containing betaine to drive lamellar phase formation.

[0376] Table 4

[0377]

[0378] 1. Available from ExxonMobil Corporation TM Sulfation preparation of 13; 2. Available from Cognis Chemical Corp.; 3. Available from BASF; 4. Iconal TDA-3, available from BASF; 5. Kathon CG, available from Rohm & Haas, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 6. Dissolvine NA 2x.

[0379] Then, the surfactant phase composition is also prepared using the first surfactant Example 2. The first surfactant Example 2 is a sulfated product prepared from the alcohol Example 2, which can be supplied by Sasol under the trade name 123A alcohol is commercially available.

[0380] The surfactant compositions of Table 5 (below) were prepared using the same procedure as described above.

[0381] After preparing these compositions, their lamellar phase volume, Young's modulus, and zero shear viscosity were determined using the methods disclosed herein. The results are captured in Table 5 below and are given in Figure 2 It is shown in a graphical form. Figure 2 The rheological spectra as a function of shear stress are shown for the inventive examples and comparative examples.

[0382] A significant improvement in the viscosity profile of the surfactant phase composition was observed, with both Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity increasing significantly, when sodium isotridecyl sulfate had been replaced by the first surfactant Example 2, which is the sulfated product prepared from alcohol Example 2 supplied by Sasol under the trade name 123A was commercially available (Comparative Example 3).

[0383] And additionally, when the amphoteric surfactant sodium lauroamphoacetate was replaced by cocamidopropyl betaine as the zwitterionic surfactant, both Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity increased significantly further. Example 2, which maintained 94% lamellar phase volume, was structured and stable; and had an improved viscosity profile, which shows the effectiveness of combining the first surfactant described herein with a zwitterionic surfactant containing betaine to drive lamellar phase formation.

[0384] Table 5

[0385]

[0386] The surfactant composition of Table 6 (below) was prepared by adding water to a mixing vessel. The following ingredients were then added and mixed continuously: cocamidopropyl betaine, the corresponding anionic surfactant sodium trideceth-2 sulfate or the first surfactant example 1 or 2, sodium lauryl sulfate, trideceth-3, sodium benzoate, and sodium chloride. The pH was adjusted to pH = 5.7 ± 0.2 by adding citric acid solution (50% active). Then, methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone were added. Stirring was continued until uniform.

[0387] After preparing these compositions, their lamellar phase volume, Young's modulus, and zero shear viscosity were determined using the methods disclosed herein. The results are captured in Table 6 below.

[0388] The aqueous structured surfactant phase composition may also include an additional anionic surfactant such as sodium lauryl sulfate to reduce the level of the first surfactant while increasing the total level of lathering surfactant without affecting the stability and structure of the surfactant phase composition as shown in Examples 3 and 4. Increasing the total level of lathering surfactant may help enhance the foam performance.

[0389] When Example 3 was compared to Comparative Example 4, which was a reference surfactant composition comprising sodium trideceth-2 sulfate, the surfactant composition was prepared from Alcohol Example 1 (supplied by Sasol). Substitution of the first surfactant Example 1 obtained with 123A alcohol) has shown equality in the viscosity spectrum in terms of both Young's modulus and a slight increase in zero shear viscosity. The data again shows the effectiveness of using a first surfactant in the cleansing phase.

[0390] Furthermore, Examples 3 and 4 show that a blend of a first surfactant and sodium lauryl sulfate can help improve the rheological profile of an aqueous structured surfactant phase or composition.

[0391] Similarly, when Example 4 is compared with Comparative Example 4 and Example 3, the alcohol Example 2 (supplied by Sasol) The first surfactant Example 2 obtained with 123A alcohol) instead of sodium trideceth-2 sulfate has shown acceptable results in terms of viscosity spectrum in terms of both Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity.

[0392] Table 6

[0393]

[0394]

[0395] 1. Available from Stepan; 2. Available from Procter & Gamble Co.; 3. Available from BASF; 4. Iconal TDA-3, available from BASF; 5. Kathon CG, available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;

[0396] The surfactant composition forming the cleansing phase contains a rheology modifier to build the cleansing phase structure. The surfactant composition can be combined with a benefit agent to form a personal care composition. The cleansing phase and the benefit phase are mixed by SpeedMixer TM (Model DAC, 400FV, available from FleckTeck, Inc., USA) at a speed of 2000 rpm for 60 seconds.

[0397] The composition of Table 7 (below) was prepared by first adding water to a mixing vessel. The following ingredients were then added and mixed continuously with good agitation: sodium chloride, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, rheology modifier powder (Aqupec SER-300 or Structure XL or C*HiForm TMA12747), trideceth-3, xanthan gum, cocamidopropyl betaine, first surfactant. Then add EDTA and sodium benzoate. Adjust pH to pH=5.7±0.2 by adding citric acid solution (50% active). Then add methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone. Stir until uniform.

[0398] Via SpeedMixer TM The personal care composition was prepared by adding soybean oil, glyceryl monooleate and other ingredients such as fragrance to the cleansing phase composition at a speed of 2,000 rpm for 60 seconds.

[0399] After forming the personal care compositions, their lamellar phase volume, Young's modulus, and zero shear viscosity were measured using the disclosed methods. The results are captured in Table 7 below and are given in Table 7. Figure 3 It is shown in a graphical form. Figure 3 The rheological spectra of examples of the invention are shown as a function of shear stress.

[0400] Table 7

[0401]

[0402]

[0403] Table 7bis

[0404]

[0405]

[0406] Examples 5, 6, 7, 8, 8A and 8B illustrate the effectiveness of hydrophobically modified polyacrylates or hydrophobically modified polysaccharides like acrylates / C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers, especially modified starches, for providing increased structure and increased stability to the overall personal care composition. Another significant advantage of using hydrophobically modified polysaccharides, especially modified starches, is that modified starches are naturally derived and biodegradable rheology modifiers that can form sustainable personal care compositions.

[0407] Example 8 illustrates, with respect to Example 5, that when the same hydrophobically modified polysaccharide such as modified starch is used, the hydrophobic modified polysaccharide obtained from Example 1 (supplied by Sasol) Compared with the first surfactant Example 1 obtained from alcohol Example 2 (supplied by Sasol The first surfactant Example 2 obtained with 123A alcohol) has shown acceptable results in terms of viscosity spectrum in terms of lamellar phase volume, Young's modulus and zero shear viscosity.

[0408] Sensory Panel Odor Test

[0409] Human usage tests (blind) were conducted to evaluate the performance of the compositions in terms of fragrance perception.

[0410] First, two surfactant phase compositions were tested:

[0411] Table 8

[0412]

[0413]

[0414] Example 9 was compared with Comparative Example 5, a reference surfactant composition comprising sodium trideceth-2 sulfate. 123A alcohol) to obtain the first surfactant Example 1 instead of trideceth-2 sodium sulfate.

[0415] The subjects were blinded P&G employees and evaluated the odor intensity without any information about the composition to be evaluated.

[0416] The odor attributes were rated by 10 professionally trained perfumers on a scale of 0 to 100 (very odorous = 100; no odorous = 0). The data for each product were averaged and p-values ​​are provided.

[0417] Table 9

[0418]

[0419] The data in Table 9 show that the surfactant phase composition of Comparative Example 5 has significantly higher odor (ie, more odorous) than the surfactant phase composition of Example 9 having a specific first surfactant as described herein instead of sodium trideceth-2 sulfate.

[0420] Next, two personal care compositions were tested:

[0421] Table 10

[0422]

[0423] Example 10 was compared with Comparative Example 6, a reference surfactant composition comprising sodium trideceth-2 sulfate. The first surfactant Example 1 obtained by using 123A alcohol) replaces sodium trideceth-2 sulfate. The odor attributes of the composition are provided in Table 11:

[0424] Table 11

[0425]

[0426] The data in Table 11 show a directional difference between the comparative personal care composition of Comparative Example 6 and the inventive personal care composition of Example 10, with Comparative Example 6 having a slightly higher odor (i.e., slightly more odorous) than Example 10 having a specific first surfactant as described herein. The two-tailed t-test p-value was 0.56 (>0.05). One hypothesis is that a potential root cause is that soybean oil has an inherent odor that has some impact on the odor profile of the final product being evaluated.

[0427] Additional embodiments / combinations

[0428] A. A personal care composition comprising at least one cleansing phase and a benefit phase, wherein the cleansing phase comprises an aqueous structured surfactant phase; wherein the cleansing phase comprises: i) from 1% to 20%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of Formula I and a surfactant isomer of Formula II:

[0429]

[0430] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0431] Where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9;

[0432] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium;

[0433] Wherein the first surfactant comprises:

[0434] 37% to 50%, preferably 38% to 49%, more preferably 40% to 49% of said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of said first surfactant, wherein said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate;

[0435] 50% to 63%, preferably 51% to 62%, more preferably 51% to 60%, by weight of the first surfactant, of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate;

[0436] and less than or equal to 5% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant is not a C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate

[0437] Salt anionic surfactant;

[0438] ii) from 0.1% to 20%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises a betaine;

[0439] iii) a structured system, the structured system comprising:

[0440] iiia) optionally, a nonionic emulsifier;

[0441] iiib) optionally, from 0.01% to 5%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a rheology modifier;

[0442] iiic) electrolytes;

[0443] wherein the benefit phase comprises: from 0.1% to 50%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a benefit agent.

[0444] B. A personal care composition according to paragraph A, wherein the first surfactant has an average degree of branching greater than 90 wt. % or from 40 wt. % to 60 wt. %, preferably from 45 wt. % to 55 wt. %, more preferably from 46 wt. % to 54 wt. %, most preferably from 47 wt. % to 54 wt. %.

[0445] C. A personal care composition according to any of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: a) less than 10%, preferably less than 9%, more preferably from 0% to 8% of linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than 90%, preferably greater than 91%, more preferably from 92% to 100% of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant. , wherein the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 25% of 2-methylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and 25% or less of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and c) 0% to 5% of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein a, b and c add up to 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0446] D. A personal cleansing composition according to any of paragraphs A to B, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant is composed of: a) less than 70% linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than 30% 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate includes: greater than 25% 2-methylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and 25% or less 2-ethyldecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and c) less than 10% other branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein a, b and c add up to 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0447] E. A personal cleansing composition according to paragraph D, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant is composed of: a) less than or equal to 60%, preferably 45% to 55%, more preferably 45% to 51% of the linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; b) greater than or equal to 40%, preferably 45% to 55%, more preferably 49% to 55% of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and c) less than 10%, preferably 0% to 5% of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein a, b and c add up to 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0448] F. A personal cleansing composition according to paragraph E, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30%, preferably 30.5% to 35% of 2-methylundecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; less than 20%, preferably 15% to 19.5% of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; less than 20%, preferably 15% to 19.5% of 2-propylnonyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and greater than 25%, preferably 26% to 35% of 2-butyloctyl sulfate and 2-pentylheptyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate.

[0449] G. A personal cleansing composition according to any of paragraphs A to C, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: d) less than 10%, preferably less than 9%, more preferably 0% to 8% of linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, and e) greater than 90%, preferably greater than 91%, more preferably 92% to 100% of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant. Salt, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30% of 2-methyl dodecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, and 25% or less of 2-ethyl undecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and f) 0% to 5% of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein d, e and f add up to 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0450] H. A personal cleansing composition according to any of paragraphs D to F, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: d) less than 60% linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, and e) greater than 40% 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30% 2-methyldodecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, and 25% or less 2-ethylundecyl sulfate by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and f) less than 10% other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein d, e and f add up to 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0451] I. A personal cleansing composition according to paragraph H, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant is composed of: d) less than 55%, preferably 45% to 54%, more preferably 48% to 53% of the linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; e) greater than 45%, preferably 46% to 55%, more preferably 47% to 52% of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and f) less than 10%, preferably 0% to 5% of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; wherein d, e and f add up to 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

[0452] J. A personal cleansing composition according to paragraph I, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30.5%, preferably 31% to 40% 2-methyldodecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; less than 20%, preferably 10% to 18% 2-ethylundecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; less than 20%, preferably 10% to 18% 2-propyldecyl sulfate, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and greater than 25%, preferably 26% to 40% 2-butylnonyl sulfate and 2-pentyloctyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfates, based on the weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate.

[0453] K. A personal care composition according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the personal care composition comprises less than 1%, by weight of the composition, of an ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactant, or is free of an ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactant.

[0454] L. A personal care composition according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the betaine is selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, coco betaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0455] M. A personal care composition according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the rheology modifier is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, xanthan gum, modified polyols, hydrophobically modified polyacrylates, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, and mixtures thereof.

[0456] N. A personal care composition according to any preceding paragraph, wherein the benefit phase comprises from 0.1% to 50%, preferably from 1% to 30%, more preferably from 4.5% to 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a hydrophobic benefit agent, wherein the hydrophobic benefit agent is selected from the group consisting of petrolatum, soybean oil, sucrose polyesters, mineral oil, or mixtures thereof; and from 0.01% to 20%, preferably from 0.02% to 10%, more preferably from 0.02% to 1%, most preferably from 0.05% to 0.5%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a lipid bilayer structurant, wherein the lipid bilayer structurant is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monolaurate, or mixtures thereof.

[0457] O. A method of increasing the stability of a personal care composition, the method of increasing the stability of a personal care composition comprising the step of forming the personal care composition according to claim 1 with a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of Formula I and a surfactant isomer of Formula II:

[0458]

[0459] Where 10≤p≤11;

[0460] Where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9;

[0461] wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium;

[0462] wherein the first surfactant comprises: 37% to 50%, preferably 38% to 49%, more preferably 40% to 49% of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; 50% to 63%, preferably 51% to 62%, more preferably 51% to 60% of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of the first surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and less than or equal to 5% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably less than or equal to 4% of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants by weight of the first surfactant, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

[0463] The dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​cited. Instead, unless otherwise indicated, each such dimension is intended to represent the stated value and a functionally equivalent range around that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".

[0464] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the present invention. Therefore, it is intended that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention be covered in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A personal care composition comprising at least one cleansing phase and a benefit phase, wherein the cleansing phase comprises an aqueous structured surfactant phase; The cleansing phase comprises: (i) from 1% to 20%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, alternatively, wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of formula I and a surfactant isomer of formula II: Where 10≤p≤11; Where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium; Wherein the first surfactant comprises: 37% to 50%, preferably 38% to 49%, more preferably 40% to 49% of said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of said first surfactant, wherein said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; 50% to 63%, preferably 51% to 62%, more preferably 51% to 60%, by weight of the first surfactant, of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and less than or equal to 5% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants; (ii) from 0.1% to 20%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises a betaine; (iii) a structured system, the structured system comprising: (iiia) optionally, a nonionic emulsifier; (iiib) optionally, from 0.01% to 5%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a rheology modifier; (iiic) electrolytes; wherein the benefit phase comprises: from 0.1% to 50% by weight of the personal care composition of a benefit agent, 2. A personal care composition according to claim 1, wherein the first surfactant has an average degree of branching greater than 90 wt% or from 40 wt% to 60 wt%, preferably from 45 wt% to 55 wt%, more preferably from 46 wt% to 54 wt%, most preferably from 47 wt% to 54 wt%.

3. A personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: (a) less than 10% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, Preferably less than 9%, more preferably 0% to 8% linear C12 alkyl sulfate; (b) greater than 90%, preferably greater than 91%, more preferably from 92% to 100%, by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, of 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate comprises: Greater than 25% by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate of 2-methylundecyl sulfate; and 25% or less, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate; and (c) 0% to 5% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates; wherein a, b and c add up to 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

4. The personal cleansing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: (a) less than 70% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, linear C12 alkyl sulfate; (b) greater than 30% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of a 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate comprises: Greater than 25% by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate of 2-methylundecyl sulfate; and 25% or less, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate; and (c) less than 10% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates; wherein a, b and c add up to 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

5. The personal cleansing composition according to claim 4, wherein the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant consists of: (a) less than or equal to 60%, preferably from 45% to 55%, more preferably from 45% to 51% of said linear C12 alkyl sulfate by weight of said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; (b) greater than or equal to 40%, preferably from 45% to 55%, more preferably from 49% to 55%, by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; and (c) less than 10%, preferably 0% to 5%, by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, of other branched C12 alkyl sulfates; wherein a, b and c add up to 100% by weight of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

6. The personal cleansing composition according to claim 5, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30%, preferably 30.5% to 35%, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, of 2-methylundecyl sulfate; less than 20%, preferably 15% to 19.5%, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, of 2-ethyldecyl sulfate; Less than 20%, preferably 15% to 19.5%, by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate, of 2-propyl nonyl sulfate; and Greater than 25%, preferably 26% to 35% by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate of 2-butyloctyl sulfate and 2-pentylheptyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfates.

7. The personal cleansing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: (d) less than 10%, preferably less than 9%, more preferably from 0% to 8% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of linear C13 alkyl sulfate, and (e) greater than 90%, preferably greater than 91%, more preferably from 92% to 100%, by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, of 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30% by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate of 2-methyl dodecyl sulfate and 25% or less by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate of 2-ethyl undecyl sulfate; and (f) 0% to 5% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates; The total of d, e and f is 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

8. The personal cleansing composition according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of the first surfactant consists of: (d) less than 60% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of linear C13 alkyl sulfate, and (e) greater than 40% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of a 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30% by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate of 2-methyl dodecyl sulfate and 25% or less by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate of 2-ethyl undecyl sulfate; and (f) less than 10% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates; The total of d, e and f is 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

9. The personal cleansing composition according to claim 8, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant consists of: (d) less than 55%, preferably from 45% to 54%, more preferably from 48% to 53% of said linear C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of said C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; (e) greater than 45%, preferably from 46% to 55%, more preferably from 47% to 52% of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate by weight of said C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant; and (f) less than 10%, preferably 0% to 5%, by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, of other branched C13 alkyl sulfates; The total of d, e and f is 100% by weight of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant.

10. The personal cleansing composition according to claim 9, wherein the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate comprises: greater than 30.5%, preferably 31% to 40%, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, of 2-methyl dodecyl sulfate; less than 20%, preferably 10% to 18%, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, of 2-ethyl undecyl sulfate; Less than 20%, preferably 10% to 18%, by weight of said 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate, of 2-propyldecyl sulfate; and Greater than 25%, preferably 26% to 40% by weight of the 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate of 2-butyl nonyl sulfate and 2-pentyl octyl sulfate and other 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfates.

11. The personal care composition of any preceding claim, wherein the personal care composition is substantially free or free of ethoxylated anionic sulfate surfactants.

12. The personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the betaine is selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, coco betaine, and mixtures thereof.

13. The personal care composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the rheology modifier is selected from the group consisting of sodium polyacrylate, acrylate copolymers, acrylates / vinyl isodecanoate crosspolymer, acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer and containing less than 1% hydrophobically modified stearyl side chains, acrylates / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer containing less than 5% hydrophobically modified octyl side chains, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate / beheneth-25 methacrylate crosspolymer, acrylates / beheneth-25 methacrylate crosspolymer. -25 methacrylate copolymer, acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, and acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate crosspolymer, PEG-150 / decyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer, PEG-150 / stearyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, distarch phosphate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, starch, tapioca starch, xanthan gum, gellan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar, sodium alginate, and mixtures thereof; preferably, wherein the rheology modifier comprises hydroxypropyl starch phosphate.

14. The personal care composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the nonionic emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, caprylic / capric glyceride, isosteareth-2, trideceth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof; preferably, wherein the nonionic emulsifier comprises at least one of trideceth-2 and trideceth-3.

15. A personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and mixtures thereof; preferably, wherein the personal care composition comprises from 0.5% to 5% of the electrolyte by weight of the personal care composition.

16. A personal care composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the benefit phase comprises from 0.1% to 50%, preferably from 1% to 30%, more preferably from 4.5% to 10%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a hydrophobic benefit agent, wherein the hydrophobic benefit agent is selected from the group consisting of petrolatum, soybean oil, sucrose polyesters, mineral oil, or mixtures thereof; and from 0.01% to 20%, preferably from 0.02% to 10%, more preferably from 0.02% to 1%, most preferably from 0.05% to 0.5%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a lipid bilayer structurant, wherein the lipid bilayer structurant is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monolaurate, or mixtures thereof.

17. A method of increasing the stability of a personal care composition, the method of increasing the stability of a personal care composition comprising the step of forming a personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims with a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, optionally wherein the first surfactant consists essentially of a mixture of a C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and a C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the mixture of the C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant and the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises a mixture of a surfactant isomer of formula I and a surfactant isomer of formula II: Where 10≤p≤11; Where 8≤m+n≤9 and 0≤m, n≤9; wherein X is a counter cation selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium, preferably sodium; Wherein the first surfactant comprises: 37% to 50%, preferably 38% to 49%, more preferably 40% to 49% of said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant by weight of said first surfactant, wherein said C12 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C12 alkyl sulfate; 50% to 63%, preferably 51% to 62%, more preferably 51% to 60%, by weight of the first surfactant, of the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, wherein the C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant comprises 2-alkyl branched C13 alkyl sulfate; and less than or equal to 5% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight of the first surfactant of other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants, preferably wherein the other alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants are not C12 or C13 alkyl sulfate anionic surfactants.

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