A high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure, processing method, forming device and use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure, a processing method, a molding device and a method of use, and relates to the field of aviation power distribution technology. The technical solution of the present application includes a diaphragm structure in which the middle is arched to one side to form a spherical cap structure, the spherical cap structure is surrounded by a support plane, an annular transition structure is formed between the spherical cap structure and the support plane, and the spherical cap structure and the transition structure form an action area; wherein, the thickness of the diaphragm structure is h, the arch height of the spherical cap structure is H, the outer diameter of the support plane is D, the width of the transition structure is R, and the diameter of the action area is d. The present invention designs the diaphragm structure and material selection from the source, and then obtains the molding device profile through mold placement technology. At the same time, a complete and systematic diaphragm processing method is designed to obtain a diaphragm with high surface accuracy, stable structure and small temperature drift. The present invention corrects the technical bias from mold to diaphragm molding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution system control, and in particular relates to a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure, a processing method, a forming device and a use method. Background Art

[0002] Pneumatic fire detectors are a crucial linear detector type in modern aircraft fire protection systems. They are primarily used to detect fires in aircraft engines, auxiliary power units (APUs), and other locations. These applications require extremely harsh environments, requiring fire resistance up to 1100°C, temperature resistance from -55°C to 350°C, and high vibration levels of 30g. During the manufacturing process, pneumatic fire detectors have experienced issues such as loss of transition characteristics due to improper surface structure, resulting in batch failures. During installation and operation, structural inconsistencies have led to excessive temperature drift and unstable operating points, which, combined with high vibration levels, can cause false alarms. For example, in September 2019, a pneumatic fire detector used on a certain aircraft issued a false alarm due to diaphragm instability, causing the aircraft to return home prematurely. This demonstrates that the diaphragm, as the active contact of a pneumatic fire detector, is crucial to the detector's operational safety and stability.

[0003] Currently, high-temperature-resistant circular transition diaphragms for pneumatic fire detectors are produced using a negative mold forming method. The diaphragm shape is determined by adjusting the negative mold surface and molding pressure parameters. This method, largely based on engineering experience, results in low development efficiency and poor precision, representing a technical bias. This is due to the fact that the diaphragm shape is not designed from the ground up and then the molding mold is designed based on this shape. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low manufacturing qualification rate and false alarm during installation and use of pneumatic fire detectors caused by unreasonable diaphragm surface structure. The present invention designs the diaphragm structure and material selection from the source, and then obtains the molding device surface through mold placement technology. At the same time, a complete and systematic diaphragm processing method is designed to obtain a diaphragm with high surface accuracy, stable structure and small temperature drift. The present invention corrects the technical bias from mold to diaphragm molding.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure is provided, wherein the middle of the diaphragm structure 10 arches to one side to form a spherical cap structure 11, the spherical cap structure is surrounded by a support plane 12, and an annular transition structure 13 is formed between the spherical cap structure 11 and the support plane 12, and the spherical cap structure 11 and the transition structure 13 form an action area; wherein, the thickness of the diaphragm structure 10 is h, the arch height of the spherical cap structure 11 is H, the outer diameter of the support plane 12 is D, the width of the transition structure 13 is R, and the diameter of the action area is d; the ratio of H to h ranges from 1.5 to 3.5, the value range of h is 0.06 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of d to D ranges from 0.5 to 0.7, and the value range of R is 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0006] Optionally, the material of the diaphragm structure 10 is a molybdenum alloy foil, wherein the Ti element content is 0.1-0.8wt%, the Zr element content is 0.1-0.5wt%, and the rest is Mo.

[0007] Optionally, the ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure 10 is in the range of 2.1 to 2.5, the thickness h is in the range of 0.06 mm to 0.062 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.5 to 0.75, and the radius R is in the range of 0.5 mm to 0.78 mm. It is used as an integrity self-test diaphragm, and its flipping action pressure is 0.155 MPa to 0.195 MPa, the action hysteresis loop is 0.005 MPa to 0.035 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

[0008] Optionally, the ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure 10 is in the range of 2.5 to 2.8, the thickness h is in the range of 0.075 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.56 to 0.62, and the radius R is in the range of 0.76 mm to 1.1 mm. It is used as an overheating alarm diaphragm, and its flipping action pressure is 0.405 MPa to 0.445 MPa, the action hysteresis loop is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

[0009] Optionally, the ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure 10 is in the range of 2.9 to 3.2, the thickness h is in the range of 0.075 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.63 to 0.68, and the radius R is in the range of 1.2 mm to 1.5 mm. It is used as a fire alarm diaphragm, and its flipping action pressure is 0.53 MPa to 0.57 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

[0010] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure is provided, which is used to process any of the above-mentioned high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structures, comprising:

[0011] Step S01: stamping a molybdenum alloy foil into a substrate;

[0012] Step S02: deburring the substrate;

[0013] Step S03: performing a leveling process on the deburred substrate, heating the substrate to a temperature of 1000° C. to 1100° C. and holding the substrate for 1 minute to 5 minutes;

[0014] Step S04: stamping the substrate after the leveling process;

[0015] Step S05: heat-treating the stamped substrate to obtain the structure.

[0016] Optionally, in step S04 , stamping is performed four times at a pressure of 1 MPa to 3 MPa.

[0017] Optionally, the holding time for each stamping is 5S to 10S.

[0018] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a molding device for a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure is also provided, which is used for any of the processing methods of the high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure described above, and includes a base 1, a spring 2, a pressure ring 3, a male mold 4, a female mold 5 and a positioning sleeve 6. The base 1 is the base of the entire molding device, the positioning sleeve 6 is assembled in the inner hole of the base 1, the outer circle of the positioning sleeve 6 cooperates with the inner hole of the base 1, and the spring 2 is placed in the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6 to support the pressure ring 3 to provide pre-compression force before the diaphragm is molded; the pressure ring 3 is the fixed bottom surface before the diaphragm is molded, and together with the female mold 5, the diaphragm is pre-compressed; the male mold 4 and the female mold 5 fit the diaphragm with the two mold surfaces by squeezing the diaphragm.

[0019] Optionally, the surface roughness of the male mold forming surface is not greater than 0.2 um, and the surface roughness of the female mold forming surface is not greater than 0.2 um.

[0020] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a molding device for a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure is also provided. Using any of the molding devices for a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure, the base 1 is fixed on the workbench of a molding press, the male mold 4 is placed in the center of the inner groove of the base 1, the spring 2 is inserted from the male mold 4 into the center of the inner groove of the base 1, the pressure ring 3 is inserted from the male mold 4 into the upper end surface of the spring 2, the positioning sleeve 6 is introduced from the pressure ring 3 into the center of the inner groove of the base 1, and locked and fixed with the base 1. After placing the substrate of the diaphragm, the female mold 5 is pre-set to the upper surface of the substrate of the diaphragm through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6.

[0021] By adopting the high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm and its processing method and forming device of the present invention, by designing the ratio of arch height H to thickness h to be between 2.1 and 3.2, the thickness h to be in the range of 0.06 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of working circle diameter d to outer diameter D to be between 0.5 and 0.68, the transition circle radius R to be in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, the heat treatment temperature to be 1050° C. and the holding time to be 3 minutes, a series of action point diaphragms within 0.155 MPa to 0.570 MPa can be obtained, the action hysteresis loop is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, the diaphragm can stably operate in a temperature resistance environment of -55° C. to 350° C. and a large vibration environment of 30g, and the temperature drift is ≯10%; and the action characteristics can still be maintained within 5 minutes under a flame of 1100° C. The high-temperature-resistant circular transition diaphragm designed in this invention can solve the problems of low manufacturing qualification rates and false alarms during installation and use of pneumatic fire detectors caused by irrational diaphragm surface structures, thereby improving the operational safety and stability of pneumatic fire detectors. The high-temperature-resistant circular transition diaphragm of this invention can meet the requirements of three operating scenarios: integrity self-test, overheating alarm, and fire alarm. Through integrated combination, it can achieve dual-alarm and triple-alarm detection configurations, meeting the detection needs of complex operating conditions such as aircraft engine compartments, APU compartments, and landing gear compartments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 The present invention is a process flow chart for processing a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of stamping and forming of a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a forming device for a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure according to the present invention.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 10-diaphragm structure, 11-spherical crown structure, 12-support plane, 13-transition structure, 1-base, 2-spring, 3-pressure ring, 4-male mold, 5-female mold, 6-positioning sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure is provided, wherein the middle of the diaphragm structure 10 arches to one side to form a spherical cap structure 11, the spherical cap structure is surrounded by a support plane 12, an annular transition structure 13 is formed between the spherical cap structure 11 and the support plane 12, and the spherical cap structure 11 and the transition structure 13 form an action area; wherein, the thickness of the diaphragm structure 10 is h, the arch height of the spherical cap structure 11 is H, the outer diameter of the support plane 12 is D, the width of the transition structure 13 is R, and the diameter of the action area is d; the ratio of H to h ranges from 1.5 to 3.5, the value range of h is 0.06 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of d to D ranges from 0.5 to 0.7, and the value range of R is 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0030] The outer diameter D of the support plane 12 is the maximum radial dimension of the diaphragm, and its function is to provide a support plane for the diaphragm to compress. The diameter d of the action area is the maximum radial dimension of the effective action surface of the diaphragm, and its function is the diaphragm action area, providing the effective action size of the diaphragm, which is one of the core parameters for the design of the diaphragm action characteristics. The width R of the transition structure 13 is the transition structure between the diaphragm spherical crown and the support plane, and its function is the stress concentration area and energy storage area of ​​the diaphragm action. If the width R of the transition structure 13 is designed to be too large, the pre-deformation of the diaphragm will be too large and the action will be unstable. On the contrary, if the design size is too small, the stress concentration after the diaphragm jump will be greater and the life of the diaphragm will be shorter. It is necessary to balance the design of this parameter, which is the core of the design of the diaphragm action characteristics. One of the core parameters; the arch height H of the spherical crown structure 11 is the maximum axial dimension of the diaphragm. Its function is to determine the diaphragm's transition stroke and, in turn, the diaphragm's operating quality. If the arch height H is designed to be too large, the diaphragm's dynamic flipping pressure will be greater and the stress concentration at the width R will be greater, affecting the diaphragm's lifespan. Conversely, if the design size is too small, the diaphragm will not have significant transition characteristics, affecting the diaphragm's operating quality. This parameter needs to be balanced in design and is one of the core parameters in the design of diaphragm operating characteristics; the thickness of the diaphragm structure 10 is h. This parameter is coupled with the arch height H to form the arch height to thickness ratio "H / h". Changes in this ratio parameter are extremely sensitive to the impact on the diaphragm's operating characteristics and are the most core parameter in the design of diaphragm operating characteristics. By designing the ratio of the diaphragm's arch height H to thickness h, the thickness h, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D, and the value of R, the multi-parameter coupling design is completed.

[0031] Furthermore, the diaphragm structure 10 is made of molybdenum alloy foil, containing 0.1-0.8wt% Ti, 0.1-0.5wt% Zr, and the remainder Mo. This material exhibits high elasticity, strength, and plasticity, while maintaining high stability at temperatures up to 1150°C, ensuring stable operation of the diaphragm even in high-temperature and high-vibration applications.

[0032] Furthermore, the ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure 10 is in the range of 2.1 to 2.5, the thickness h is in the range of 0.06 mm to 0.062 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.5 to 0.75, and the radius R is in the range of 0.5 mm to 0.78 mm. It is used as an integrity self-test diaphragm, and its flipping action pressure is 0.155 MPa to 0.195 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.035 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

[0033] Furthermore, the ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure 10 is in the range of 2.5 to 2.8, the thickness h is in the range of 0.075 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.56 to 0.62, and the radius R is in the range of 0.76 mm to 1.1 mm. When used as an overheating alarm diaphragm, its flipping action pressure is 0.405 MPa to 0.445 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

[0034] Furthermore, the ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure 10 is in the range of 2.9 to 3.2, the thickness h is in the range of 0.075 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.63 to 0.68, and the radius R is in the range of 1.2 mm to 1.5 mm. When used as a fire alarm diaphragm, its flipping action pressure is 0.53 MPa to 0.57 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

[0035] The high-temperature-resistant circular transition diaphragm, its processing method, and forming device disclosed herein can be used to create three types of operating point diaphragms for three different operating scenarios of pneumatic fire detectors: an integrity self-test diaphragm, an overheat alarm diaphragm, and a fire alarm diaphragm. All three diaphragms meet the requirements for high surface precision, structural stability, and minimal temperature drift. To meet the varying levels of fire detection requirements in aircraft engine compartments, APU compartments, and landing gear compartments, the integrity self-test diaphragm and the fire alarm diaphragm can be integrated to form a dual-alarm fire detector. Alternatively, the integrity self-test diaphragm, overheat alarm diaphragm, and fire alarm diaphragm can be integrated to form a triple-alarm fire detector, enabling selectable detection configurations.

[0036] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, a method for processing a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure is also provided, which is used to process any of the above-mentioned high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structures, comprising:

[0037] Step S01: stamping a molybdenum alloy foil into a substrate;

[0038] Step S02: deburring the substrate;

[0039] Step S03: performing a leveling process on the deburred substrate, heating the substrate to a temperature of 1000° C. to 1100° C. and holding the substrate for 1 minute to 5 minutes;

[0040] Step S04: stamping the substrate after the leveling process;

[0041] Step S05: heat-treating the stamped substrate to obtain the structure.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S04, stamping is performed four times at a pressure of 1 MPa to 3 MPa.

[0043] Furthermore, the holding time for each stamping is 5S to 10S.

[0044] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, a forming device for a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure is also provided, which is used in the stamping forming step of any of the processing methods for the high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure, including a base 1, a spring 2, a pressure ring 3, a male mold 4, a female mold 5 and a positioning sleeve 6. The base 1 is the base of the entire forming device, the positioning sleeve 6 is assembled in the inner hole of the base 1, the outer circle of the positioning sleeve 6 cooperates with the inner hole of the base 1, and the spring 2 is placed in the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6 to support the pressure ring 3 to provide pre-compression force before the diaphragm is formed; the pressure ring 3 is the fixed bottom surface before the diaphragm is formed, and pre-compression is performed on the diaphragm together with the female mold 5; the male mold 4 and the female mold 5 fit the diaphragm with the two mold surfaces by squeezing the diaphragm.

[0045] Furthermore, the surface roughness of the male mold forming surface is not greater than 0.2 μm, and the surface roughness of the female mold forming surface is not greater than 0.2 μm.

[0046] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a molding device for a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure is also provided. Using any of the molding devices for a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure, the base 1 is fixed on the workbench of a molding press, the male mold 4 is placed in the center of the inner groove of the base 1, the spring 2 is inserted from the male mold 4 into the center of the inner groove of the base 1, the pressure ring 3 is inserted from the male mold 4 into the upper end surface of the spring 2, the positioning sleeve 6 is introduced from the pressure ring 3 into the center of the inner groove of the base 1, and locked and fixed with the base 1. After placing the substrate of the diaphragm, the female mold 5 is pre-set to the upper surface of the substrate of the diaphragm through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6.

[0047] The present invention designs the diaphragm structure and material selection from the source, and then obtains the molding device surface through mold placement technology. At the same time, a complete and systematic diaphragm processing method is designed to solve the problems of low manufacturing qualification rate and false alarms during installation and use of pneumatic fire detectors caused by unreasonable diaphragm surface structure, thereby improving the working safety and stability of pneumatic fire detectors. Example 1

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm processing method includes substrate stamping, deburring, leveling, stamping and heat treatment.

[0049] Step 1: Use mechanical stamping to stamp the molybdenum alloy foil into Φ12mm~Φ14mm substrates.

[0050] Step 2: Deburr the stamped diaphragm substrate and inspect it with a 40x magnifying glass to ensure there are no burrs.

[0051] Step 3: Clamp one to four membrane substrates using a clamping plate with a surface roughness of at least 0.8 μm. Level the membrane substrates to improve their flatness. Heat treat the clamped membrane substrates in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1000°C to 1100°C for 1 to 5 minutes.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the stamping forming method adopted includes loading, presetting the female mold, setting the forming pressure and time, the first forming, rotating the diaphragm 90°, the second forming, rotating the diaphragm 180°, the third forming, rotating the diaphragm 270°, the fourth forming, and taking out the material.

[0053] After removing the material, heat treatment is performed in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1000°C to 1100°C and a holding time of 1 to 5 minutes. This is done to remove residual stress and detect defects. The set pressure is 1 MPa to 3 MPa and the holding time is 5 to 10 seconds. Example 2

[0054] like Figure 2 In the device shown, the male die adopts a stepped shaft configuration, with a diameter varying from Φ14 mm to ΦA, where ΦA ranges from Φ9 mm to Φ11 mm. The male die's forming surface arch height ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm, the male die's forming surface spherical diameter ranges from 15 mm to 20 mm, the male die's forming surface transition radius ranges from 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the forming surface's surface roughness is no greater than 0.2 μm, while the non-forming surface's surface roughness is no greater than 0.8 μm. The female die's forming surface arch height ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm, the female die's forming surface spherical diameter ranges from 15.1 mm to 20.1 mm, and the female die's forming surface transition radius ranges from 0.4 mm to 1.9 mm. The female die's forming surface surface roughness is no greater than 0.2 μm. Example 3

[0055] The integrity self-test diaphragm and fire alarm diaphragm are applied to pneumatic fire detectors. These detectors feature both integrity fault alarms and fire alarms, making them suitable for fire detection in aircraft engine compartments, APU compartments, and landing gear bays. The integrity self-test diaphragm, overheat alarm diaphragm, and fire alarm diaphragm are applied to pneumatic fire detectors. These detectors feature integrity fault alarms, overheat alarms, and fire alarms, enabling early warning of overheating trends in complex fire zones. This provides more comprehensive alarm functionality and makes them suitable for fire detection in aircraft engine compartments, APU compartments, and landing gear bays.

[0056] Example 4: Implementation of Self-Inspection Diaphragm Integrity

[0057] 1. Diaphragm structure design

[0058] 1) Select Mo0.5Ti0.1Zr molybdenum alloy foil as the diaphragm material;

[0059] 2) The outer diameter D of the diaphragm is φ13mm;

[0060] 3) The arch height H is 0.20mm;

[0061] 4) The thickness h is 0.06 mm;

[0062] 5) The working circle diameter d is φ7.8mm;

[0063] 6) The radius R of the transition circle is 1mm.

[0064] 2. Design of male mold forming device

[0065] 1) The arch height of the male die forming surface B is 0.32;

[0066] 2) The spherical diameter of the male die forming surface SR is 18.5 mm;

[0067] 3) The radius of the transition circle of the male die forming surface R is 1mm;

[0068] 4) Surface roughness of male mold forming surface is 0.2um;

[0069] 5) The surface roughness of the non-molding surface of the male mold is 0.8um.

[0070] 3. Design of female mold forming device

[0071] 1) The arch height B of the female die forming surface is 0.32mm;

[0072] 2) The spherical diameter of the female mold forming surface SR is 18.56 mm;

[0073] 3) The radius of the transition circle of the female die forming surface R is 0.94mm;

[0074] 4) The surface roughness of the female mold molding surface is 0.2um.

[0075] 4. Diaphragm forming

[0076] 1) Mechanically stamping the Mo0.5Ti0.1Zr molybdenum alloy foil into a Φ13 mm substrate;

[0077] 2) Deburr the stamped diaphragm substrate and inspect it with a 40x magnifying glass to ensure there are no burrs.

[0078] 3) Use a clamping plate with a surface roughness of not less than 0.8um to clamp four membrane substrates;

[0079] 4) Heat-treat the clamped membrane substrate in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1050°C and a holding time of 2 minutes;

[0080] 5) Fix the base 1 on the workbench of the forming press, place the male die 4 in the center of the groove in the base 1, insert the spring 2 from the male die 4 into the center of the groove in the base 1, insert the blank holder 3 from the male die 4 into the upper end surface of the spring 2, guide the positioning sleeve 6 from the blank holder 3 into the center of the groove in the base 1, and lock it with the base 1 through threads;

[0081] 6) Set the molding pressure to 1.5 MPa and the holding time to 8 seconds;

[0082] 7) After placing the diaphragm substrate, pre-position the female mold 5 through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6 to the upper surface of the diaphragm substrate;

[0083] 8) After the first molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 90° clockwise;

[0084] 9) After the second molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 180° clockwise;

[0085] 10) After the third molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 270° clockwise;

[0086] 11) After the fourth molding, lift up the female mold 5 and take out the diaphragm;

[0087] 12) Place the formed membrane in a vacuum furnace at 1050°C for 10 minutes, then cool down as the furnace cools.

[0088] 5. Effect

[0089] According to steps 1 to 4, 20 integrity self-inspection diaphragms were developed. The action data is shown in the table below.

[0090] Flip action pressure: 0.163~0.181MPa, in line with the requirement of 0.175MPa±0.02MPa; action hysteresis is 0.008~0.032MPa, in line with the requirement of 0.005MPa~0.035MPa; in the range of -55℃~350℃, temperature drift is 0.55%~6.32%, in line with the requirement of no more than 10%.

[0091]

[0092] Example 5 Overheat Alarm Diaphragm Implementation

[0093] 1. Diaphragm structure design

[0094] 1) Select Mo0.5Ti0.1Zr molybdenum alloy foil as the diaphragm material;

[0095] 2) The outer diameter D of the diaphragm is φ13mm;

[0096] 3) The arch height H is 0.22mm;

[0097] 4) The thickness h is 0.08 mm;

[0098] 5) The working circle diameter d is φ7.8mm;

[0099] 6) The radius R of the transition circle is 1mm.

[0100] 2. Design of male mold forming device

[0101] 1) The arch height of the male die forming surface B is 0.38;

[0102] 2) The spherical diameter of the male mold forming surface SR is 18mm;

[0103] 3) The radius of the transition circle of the male die forming surface R is 1mm;

[0104] 4) Surface roughness of male mold forming surface is 0.2um;

[0105] 5) The surface roughness of the non-molding surface of the male mold is 0.8um.

[0106] 3. Design of female mold forming device

[0107] 1) The arch height B of the female die forming surface is 0.32mm;

[0108] 2) The spherical diameter of the female mold forming surface SR is 18.08 mm;

[0109] 3) The radius of the transition circle of the female die forming surface R is 0.92mm;

[0110] 4) The surface roughness of the female mold molding surface is 0.2um.

[0111] 4. Diaphragm forming

[0112] 1) Mechanically stamping the Mo0.5Ti0.1Zr molybdenum alloy foil into a Φ13 mm substrate;

[0113] 2) Deburr the stamped diaphragm substrate and inspect it with a 40x magnifying glass to ensure there are no burrs.

[0114] 3) Use a clamping plate with a surface roughness of not less than 0.8um to clamp four membrane substrates;

[0115] 4) Heat-treat the clamped membrane substrate in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1050°C and a holding time of 2 minutes;

[0116] 5) Fix the base 1 on the workbench of the forming press, place the male die 4 in the center of the groove in the base 1, insert the spring 2 from the male die 4 into the center of the groove in the base 1, insert the blank holder 3 from the male die 4 into the upper end surface of the spring 2, guide the positioning sleeve 6 from the blank holder 3 into the center of the groove in the base 1, and lock it with the base 1 through threads;

[0117] 6) Set the molding pressure to 2MPa and the holding time to 8S;

[0118] 7) After placing the diaphragm substrate, pre-position the female mold 5 through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6 to the upper surface of the diaphragm substrate;

[0119] 8) After the first molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 90° clockwise;

[0120] 9) After the second molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 180° clockwise;

[0121] 10) After the third molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 270° clockwise;

[0122] 11) After the fourth molding, lift up the female mold 5 and take out the diaphragm;

[0123] 12) Place the formed membrane in a vacuum furnace at 1050°C for 10 minutes, then cool down as the furnace cools.

[0124] 5. Effect

[0125] According to steps 1 to 4, 20 overheat alarm diaphragms were developed. The action data is shown in the table below.

[0126] Flip action pressure: 0.412~0.441MPa, in line with the requirement of 0.425MPa±0.02MPa; action hysteresis is 0.012~0.051MPa, in line with the requirement of 0.005MPa~0.065MPa; in the range of -55℃~350℃, temperature drift is 0.24%~4.63%, in line with the requirement of no more than 10%.

[0127]

[0128] Example 6 Fire Alarm Diaphragm Implementation

[0129] 1. Diaphragm structure design

[0130] 1) Select Mo0.5Ti0.1Zr molybdenum alloy foil as the diaphragm material;

[0131] 2) The outer diameter D of the diaphragm is φ13mm;

[0132] 3) The arch height H is 0.24mm;

[0133] 4) The thickness h is 0.08 mm;

[0134] 5) The working circle diameter d is φ7.8mm;

[0135] 6) The radius R of the transition circle is 1mm.

[0136] 2. Design of male mold forming device

[0137] 1) The arch height of the male die forming surface B is 0.42;

[0138] 2) The spherical diameter of the male mold forming surface SR is 18mm;

[0139] 3) The radius of the transition circle of the male die forming surface R is 1mm;

[0140] 4) Surface roughness of male mold forming surface is 0.2um;

[0141] 5) The surface roughness of the non-molding surface of the male mold is 0.8um.

[0142] 3. Design of female mold forming device

[0143] 1) The arch height B of the female die forming surface is 0.42mm;

[0144] 2) The spherical diameter of the female mold forming surface SR is 18.08 mm;

[0145] 3) The radius of the transition circle of the female die forming surface R is 0.92mm;

[0146] 4) The surface roughness of the female mold molding surface is 0.2um.

[0147] 4. Diaphragm forming

[0148] 1) Mechanically stamping the Mo0.5Ti0.1Zr molybdenum alloy foil into a Φ13 mm substrate;

[0149] 2) Deburr the stamped diaphragm substrate and inspect it with a 40x magnifying glass to ensure there are no burrs.

[0150] 3) Use a clamping plate with a surface roughness of not less than 0.8um to clamp four membrane substrates;

[0151] 4) Heat-treat the clamped membrane substrate in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1050°C and a holding time of 2 minutes;

[0152] 5) Fix the base 1 on the workbench of the forming press, place the male die 4 in the center of the groove in the base 1, insert the spring 2 from the male die 4 into the center of the groove in the base 1, insert the blank holder 3 from the male die 4 into the upper end surface of the spring 2, guide the positioning sleeve 6 from the blank holder 3 into the center of the groove in the base 1, and lock it with the base 1 through threads;

[0153] 6) Set the molding pressure to 2.8 MPa and the holding time to 8 seconds;

[0154] 7) After placing the diaphragm substrate, pre-position the female mold 5 through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 6 to the upper surface of the diaphragm substrate;

[0155] 8) After the first molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 90° clockwise;

[0156] 9) After the second molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 180° clockwise;

[0157] 10) After the third molding, lift the female mold 5 and rotate the diaphragm 270° clockwise;

[0158] 11) After the fourth molding, lift up the female mold 5 and take out the diaphragm;

[0159] 12) Place the formed membrane in a vacuum furnace at 1050°C for 10 minutes, then cool down as the furnace cools.

[0160] 5. Effect

[0161] According to steps 1 to 4, 20 fire alarm diaphragms were developed. The action data are shown in the table below.

[0162] Flip action pressure: 0.538~0.564MPa, in line with the requirement of 0.55MPa±0.02MPa; action hysteresis is 0.015~0.052MPa, in line with the requirement of 0.005MPa~0.085MPa; in the range of -55℃~350℃, temperature drift is 0.18%~5.35%, in line with the requirement of no more than 10%.

[0163]

[0164] Example 7 Implementation of a dual alarm function fire detector

[0165] 1) The integrity self-test diaphragm of embodiment 1 and the fire alarm diaphragm of embodiment 3 are combined. The integrity self-test diaphragm has a reversal action of 0.16 MPa and an action hysteresis of 0.015 MPa; the fire alarm diaphragm has a reversal action of 0.54 MPa and an action hysteresis of 0.025 MPa.

[0166] 2) Use the two action point diaphragms in 1) in a pneumatic fire detector and control the filling helium pressure range to 0.271 MPa. Under this pressure, the integrity self-test diaphragm is in the flipped state and the fire alarm diaphragm is in the disconnected state.

[0167] 3) When the temperature in the fire detection area exceeds 170°C, the fire alarm diaphragm flips over and issues a fire alarm signal; when the filled helium leaks to 0.145MPa, the integrity self-test diaphragm disconnects and issues an integrity self-test fault signal.

[0168] 4) Effect: The above implementation method realizes the dual alarm function and has been applied to more than 20 models of pneumatic fire detectors.

[0169] Example 8: Implementation of a fire detector with three alarm functions

[0170] 1) The integrity self-test diaphragm of embodiment 1, the overheat alarm diaphragm of embodiment 2, and the fire alarm diaphragm of embodiment 3 are combined. The integrity self-test diaphragm has a reversal action of 0.16 MPa and an action hysteresis of 0.015 MPa; the overheat alarm diaphragm has a reversal action of 0.42 MPa and an action hysteresis of 0.020 MPa; and the fire alarm diaphragm has a reversal action of 0.54 MPa and an action hysteresis of 0.025 MPa.

[0171] 2) Use the three action point diaphragms in 1) in a pneumatic fire detector and control the filling helium pressure range to 0.211 MPa. Under this pressure, the integrity self-test diaphragm is in the flipped state, the overheat alarm diaphragm is in the disconnected state, and the fire alarm diaphragm is in the disconnected state.

[0172] 3) When the temperature in the fire detection area exceeds the upper limit and rises to 170°C, the overheat alarm diaphragm flips over and issues an overheat alarm signal; when the temperature in the fire detection area continues to exceed the upper limit and rises to 280°C, the fire alarm diaphragm flips over and issues a fire alarm signal; when the filled helium gas leaks to 0.145MPa, the integrity self-test diaphragm disconnects and issues an integrity self-test fault signal.

[0173] 4) Effect: The above implementation method realizes the triple alarm function and has been applied to more than 10 models of pneumatic fire detectors.

[0174] The above description is merely a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention. Any unspecified portions are conventional techniques. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be readily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure, characterized in that: The middle of the diaphragm structure (10) arches toward one side to form a spherical cap structure (11), the spherical cap structure is surrounded by a support plane (12), an annular transition structure (13) is formed between the spherical cap structure (11) and the support plane (12), and the spherical cap structure (11) and the transition structure (13) form an action area; wherein, the thickness of the diaphragm structure (10) is h, the arch height of the spherical cap structure (11) is H, the outer diameter of the support plane (12) is D, the width of the transition structure (13) is R, and the diameter of the action area is d; the ratio of H to h is in the range of 1.5 to 3.5, the value range of h is 0.06 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of d to D is in the range of 0.5 to 0.7, and the value range of R is 0.5 mm to 2 mm; The ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure (10) is in the range of 2.1 to 2.5, the thickness h is in the range of 0.06 mm to 0.062 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.5 to 0.55, and the radius R is in the range of 0.5 mm to 0.78 mm. It is used as an integrity self-test diaphragm, and its flip action pressure is 0.155 MPa to 0.195 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.035 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C. The ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure (10) is in the range of 2.5 to 2.8, the thickness h is in the range of 0.075 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.56 to 0.62, and the radius R is in the range of 0.76 mm to 1.1 mm. It is used as an overheating alarm diaphragm, and its flip action pressure is 0.405 MPa to 0.445 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% under the ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C. The ratio of the arch height H to the thickness h of the diaphragm structure (10) is in the range of 2.9 to 3.2, the thickness h is in the range of 0.075 mm to 0.08 mm, the ratio of the diameter d to the outer diameter D is in the range of 0.63 to 0.68, and the radius R is in the range of 1.2 mm to 1.5 mm. When used as a fire alarm diaphragm, its overturning action pressure is 0.53 MPa to 0.57 MPa, the action hysteresis is 0.005 MPa to 0.085 MPa, and the temperature drift is ≯10% at an ambient temperature of -55°C to 350°C.

2. The high temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the diaphragm structure (10) is a molybdenum alloy foil, wherein the Ti element content is 0.1-0.8wt%, the Zr element content is 0.1-0.5wt%, and the rest is Mo.

3. A method for processing a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure, characterized in that: Used for processing any one of the high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structures as described in claims 1-2, comprising: Step S01: stamping a molybdenum alloy foil into a substrate; Step S02: deburring the substrate; Step S03: performing a leveling process on the deburred substrate, heating the substrate to a temperature of 1000° C. to 1100° C. and holding the substrate for 1 minute to 5 minutes; Step S04: stamping the substrate after the leveling process; Step S05: heat-treating the stamped substrate to obtain the structure.

4. The method for processing a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S04 , stamping is performed four times at a pressure of 1 MPa to 3 MPa.

5. The method for processing a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S04, the holding time of each stamping is 5S to 10S.

6. A forming device for a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure, characterized in that: The stamping step of the processing method for any high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure as described in claims 3-5 includes a base (1), a spring (2), a pressure ring (3), a male mold (4), a female mold (5) and a positioning sleeve (6), the base (1) is the base of the entire forming device, the positioning sleeve (6) is assembled in the inner hole of the base (1), the outer circle of the positioning sleeve (6) is matched with the inner hole of the base (1), and the spring (2) is placed in the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (6) to support the pressure ring (3) to provide pre-compression force before the diaphragm is formed; the pressure ring (3) is a fixed bottom surface before the diaphragm is formed, and pre-compression is performed on the diaphragm together with the female mold (5); the male mold (4) and the female mold (5) fit the diaphragm with the two mold surfaces by squeezing the diaphragm.

7. The forming device of a high temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface roughness of the male mold forming surface is not greater than 0.2um, and the surface roughness of the female mold forming surface is not greater than 0.2um.

8. A method for using a forming device for a high-temperature resistant circular transition diaphragm structure, characterized in that: A forming device for a high-temperature resistant circular jump diaphragm structure according to any one of claims 6-7 is used, the base (1) is fixed on the workbench of a forming press, the male mold (4) is placed in the center of the inner groove of the base (1), the spring (2) is inserted from the male mold (4) into the center of the inner groove of the base (1), the pressure ring (3) is inserted from the male mold (4) into the upper end surface of the spring (2), the positioning sleeve (6) is introduced from the pressure ring (3) into the center of the inner groove of the base (1), and is locked and fixed with the base (1), after the base of the diaphragm is placed, the female mold (5) is pre-set from the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (6) to the upper surface of the base of the diaphragm.

Images