Multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery and retraction method of multifunctional retractor

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery and a retraction method of the multifunctional retractor, relates to the technical field of retractors for oral and maxillofacial surgery, and aims to solve the problems that the height of a drag hook of an existing retractor is adjusted by adjusting the height of an elastic plate in an inserting sleeve, and in the oral and maxillofacial surgery, parts needing to be retracted are different, so that the retractor is inconvenient to use. The problems that a bed clamp structure is arranged at the lower end of a retractor body, a hand-cranking lead screw is fixedly installed on the side, away from a bed board, of the bed clamp structure, a retractor base is installed above the hand-cranking lead screw, a mounting base is rotatably installed above the retractor base, and the mounting base is fixedly installed on the side, away from the bed board, of the retractor body. A positioning threaded rod is mounted above the mounting seat, a horizontal telescopic rod is mounted on one side of the positioning threaded rod, a retraction structure is mounted on one side of the horizontal telescopic rod, the retraction structure is rotationally connected with the horizontal telescopic rod through an angle adjusting mechanism, and the mounting seat is rotationally connected with the positioning threaded rod through an angle adjusting mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial retractors, in particular to a multifunctional oral and maxillofacial surgical retractor and a retracting method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] Multifunctional oral and maxillofacial surgical retractors are mainly used to fix and retract the soft tissues in the oral cavity, so that doctors can obtain better vision and operating space during the operation. It is widely used in various oral and maxillofacial surgical operations, such as tooth extraction, implantation, root canal treatment, jaw orthopedics, maxillary fracture, mandibular fracture, facial nerve injury, and osteomyelitis of the jaw. Multifunctional oral and maxillofacial surgical retractors usually consist of components such as a retractor body, a fixing clip, and an adjusting screw. The retractor body is usually made of metal material to ensure its strength and durability. It can protect the soft tissues around the oral cavity and avoid accidental injury by surgical tools.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN215350295U discloses a retractor for maxillofacial surgery, which solves the problem in the prior art that in maxillofacial surgery, the actual body size and height of each patient are different, so it is necessary to frequently move the retractor to meet the actual use requirements. A retractor that cannot be adjusted or is troublesome to adjust will result in a significant decline in its practicability. It includes a bed board and support legs fixedly connected to the four corners at the bottom of the bed board. Hooks are provided on both sides of the top of the bed board. Both hooks are connected to a lifting part through a fine-tuning part. The bottoms of both lifting parts are connected to a moving part connected to both sides of the bed board through a connecting part. The utility model is convenient to operate, has a reasonable structure, is convenient for position adjustment, can be adjusted to the most suitable position according to patients of different heights, and improves its applicability and practicability.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art solutions have the following defects: it adjusts the height of the hook by adjusting the height of the elastic plate in the insertion sleeve. However, the treatment scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery includes diseases occurring in the oral cavity, facial soft tissues, upper and lower jaws, temporomandibular joint, salivary glands, and neck. When the retracting part is different, the required retracting angle is also different, and it cannot meet the use requirements. At the same time, when a large retracting range is required, a single hook is difficult to meet the use requirements. Therefore, we propose a multifunctional oral and maxillofacial surgical retractor and a retracting method thereof to solve the problems raised above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an oral and maxillofacial surgical multi-functional retractor and its retracting method, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The existing retractor adjusts the height of the hook by adjusting the height of the elastic plate in the socket. In oral and maxillofacial surgery, the parts to be retracted are different, and the required retracting angles are also different, which cannot meet the usage requirements. At the same time, when a large retracting range is required, a single hook is difficult to meet the usage requirements.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An oral and maxillofacial surgical multi-functional retractor, including a bed board, on both sides above the bed board, retractor bodies are symmetrically installed. At the lower end of the retractor body, a bed clamping structure is provided. On the side of the bed clamping structure away from the bed board, a hand-operated lead screw is fixedly installed. Above the hand-operated lead screw, a retractor base is installed. Above the retractor base, a mounting seat is rotatably installed. Above the mounting seat, a positioning threaded rod is installed. On one side of the positioning threaded rod, a horizontal telescopic rod is installed. On one side of the horizontal telescopic rod, a retracting structure is installed. The retracting structure is rotatably connected to the horizontal telescopic rod and the mounting seat is rotatably connected to the positioning threaded rod through an angle adjustment mechanism. Below the retracting structure, one second hook and two first hooks are installed.

[0007] Preferably, at the upper end of the bed clamping structure, a positioning plate is provided. The lower end surface of the positioning plate is in contact with the upper surface of the bed board. Inside the lower end of the bed clamping structure, a bed clamping locking rod is provided. The upper end of the bed clamping locking rod is in contact with the lower end surface of the bed board. One end of the horizontal telescopic rod is fixedly installed with a locking end. The locking end is slidably sleeved outside the positioning threaded rod.

[0008] Preferably, the retracting structure includes a first hook, a second hook, a silica gel pad, a retracting structure housing, a first hook chute, a second hook chute, a locking bolt, and a hook positioning rod. At the outer end of the retracting structure, a retracting structure housing is provided. At the front and rear ends of the inside of the retracting structure housing away from the angle adjustment mechanism, first hook chutes are symmetrically opened. At the middle position of the inside of the retracting structure housing close to the angle adjustment mechanism, a second hook chute is opened. The first hook chute and the second hook chute are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] Preferably, below the first hook chute, a first hook is installed. Below the second hook chute, a second hook is installed. Inside the first hook chute and the second hook chute, hook positioning rods are respectively slidably installed. The hook positioning rods are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the first hook and the second hook.

[0010] Preferably, locking bolts are symmetrically sleeved outside the hook positioning rod. The locking bolts are respectively in contact with the upper end face and the lower end face of the retractor structure housing. The first hook and the second hook are arc plates. A silica gel pad is arranged in a contacting manner on the end face of the first hook close to the angle adjusting mechanism and the end face of the second hook close to the angle adjusting mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, a first locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the angle adjusting mechanism, and a second locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the angle adjusting mechanism. One end of the first locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the retractor structure or the positioning threaded rod. One end of the second locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting seat or the horizontal telescopic rod. A gear locking block groove is formed inside the second locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism. At the middle position on one side of the first locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism, an angle locking rotating shaft is fixedly installed. A locking gear is fixedly installed outside the angle locking rotating shaft. A gear locking block is installed on one side of the locking gear.

[0012] Preferably, a gear locking block adjusting rod is rotatably installed at the middle position of one end of the second locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism. A gear locking block sliding frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one end of the second locking seat of the angle adjusting mechanism. A gear locking block driving sleeve groove is formed inside the gear locking block sliding frame. One end of the gear locking block is fixedly installed with a gear locking block driving sleeve. Limiting block grooves are symmetrically formed on the two opposite inner walls of the gear locking block sliding frame. Limiting blocks are symmetrically installed on both sides of one end of the gear locking block driving sleeve. The limiting blocks are slidably connected with the limiting block grooves.

[0013] Preferably, a gear locking block adjusting rod groove is formed inside the inner wall of the gear locking block driving sleeve. The lower end of the gear locking block adjusting rod extends into the gear locking block adjusting rod groove and is in threaded connection with the gear locking block adjusting rod groove. A compression spring is arranged on one side of the gear locking block driving sleeve. The upper end of the compression spring is in contact with the inner wall of the gear locking block groove. The lower end of the compression spring is in contact with the upper end face of the gear locking block driving sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, a driving motor groove is formed at the middle position inside the upper end of the retractor base. A mounting seat rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the middle position of the lower end of the mounting seat. The mounting seat rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the retractor base. A driven gear is sleeved outside the mounting seat rotating shaft. A driving motor is installed inside the driving motor groove. A driving gear is installed at the output end of the driving motor in a transmission manner. The driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. A hand-operated lead screw slider is fixedly installed at the lower end of the retractor base. The hand-operated lead screw slider is in transmission connection with the hand-operated lead screw.

[0015] A retraction method for a multi-functional retractor in oral and maxillofacial surgery, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Fix the retractor body on both sides of the bed board through the bed clamp structure. First, place the positioning plate above the bed board, and then rotate the bed clamp locking rod of the bed clamp structure. The bed clamp locking rod is threadedly connected to the bed clamp structure. As the bed clamp locking rod rotates and moves slowly upward, when the bed clamp locking rod fits against the lower end face of the bed board, the clamping and fixing of the retractor body is completed;

[0017] Step 2: After the patient lies above the bed board and adjusts to the surgical position, start the drive motor. The drive motor drives the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the rotation of the mounting seat rotating shaft provided with the driven gear through meshing connection, so that the mounting seat rotating shaft drives the mounting seat to rotate, and the retraction structure rotates above the bed board. Rotate the handwheel of the hand-operated lead screw to drive the retractor base to move back and forth until it corresponds to the surgical area;

[0018] Step 3: Rotate the knob on one side of the locking end. The knob is in transmission connection with the spiral gear inside the locking end, and the spiral gear is meshed with the positioning threaded rod, so that the locking end slides up and down outside the positioning threaded rod. After adjusting to the appropriate height, loosen the knob on the horizontal telescopic rod, adjust the length of the horizontal telescopic rod, and lock the knob of the horizontal telescopic rod after adjustment;

[0019] Step 4: Adjust the two angle adjustment mechanisms according to the inclination angle of the surgical area. When adjusting, rotate the gear locking block adjusting rod. The gear locking block adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the gear locking block driving sleeve. Through the threaded area and the limit of the gear locking block sliding frame and the gear locking block driving sleeve, the gear locking block driving sleeve is driven to move upward, so as to unlock the locking between the gear locking block and the locking gear angle. Grasp the positioning threaded rod to adjust the inclination angle between the mounting seat and the positioning threaded rod, and grasp the retraction structure to adjust the inclination angle between the retraction structure and the horizontal telescopic rod. After the angle adjustment is completed, rotate the gear locking block adjusting rod downward. The gear locking block adjusting rod drives the gear locking block driving sleeve to slide downward through threaded connection. While the gear locking block driving sleeve slides, the limiting block slides inside the limiting block groove. The gear locking block driving sleeve drives the gear locking block to move towards the locking gear and mesh with the locking gear, compressing the spring and pressing the gear locking block driving sleeve downward at the same time to provide a downward locking thrust for it, realizing the locking of the adjusted angle;

[0020] Step 5: Adjust the positions of the first retractor and the second retractor. Loosen the locking bolts at the upper and lower ends outside the retractor positioning rod, so that the two first retractors respectively pull the upper and lower ends of the surgical area, and lock the positions of the first retractors by tightening the locking bolts. Then adjust the position of the second retractor to pull and lock the center point position between the two first retractors.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present invention adjusts the two angle adjustment mechanisms according to the inclination angle of the surgical area. During adjustment, the gear locking block adjusting rod is rotated. The gear locking block adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the gear locking block driving sleeve. Through the threaded area and the limitation of the gear locking block sliding frame and the gear locking block driving sleeve, the gear locking block driving sleeve is driven to move upward, thereby unlocking the locking of the gear locking block and the locking gear angle. The grasping positioning threaded rod is used to adjust the inclination angle between the mounting seat and the positioning threaded rod, and the grasping retractor structure is used to adjust the inclination angle between the retractor structure and the horizontal telescopic rod. After the angle adjustment is completed, the gear locking block adjusting rod is rotated downward. The gear locking block adjusting rod drives the gear locking block driving sleeve to slide downward through threaded connection. While the gear locking block driving sleeve slides, the limiting block slides inside the limiting block groove. The gear locking block driving sleeve drives the gear locking block to move towards the locking gear and engage with the locking gear. The compression spring simultaneously presses the gear locking block driving sleeve downward to provide a downward locking thrust for it, realizing the locking of the adjusted angle, and solving the problem that the existing retractor adjusts the height of the hook by adjusting the height of the elastic plate in the insertion sleeve. In oral and maxillofacial surgery, the parts to be retracted are different, and the required retraction angles are also different, and it cannot meet the usage requirements.

[0023] 2. The present invention adjusts the positions of the first hook and the second hook. The locking bolts at the upper and lower ends outside the hook positioning rod are loosened, and the two first hooks are respectively used to retract the upper and lower ends of the surgical area. The position of the first hook is locked by tightening the locking bolts. Then, the position of the second hook is adjusted to retract and lock the center point position between the two first hooks, solving the problem that when a large retraction range is required, a single hook is difficult to meet the usage requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the retractor structure in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a top view of the retractor structure and the angle adjustment mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the retractor structure in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the retractor structure in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 6 In the present invention Figure 5 Partial enlarged view of area A;

[0030] Figure 7 Connection diagram of the retractor base and the mounting seat in the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Bed board; 2. Retractor body; 3. Bed clamp structure; 4. Bed clamp locking rod; 5. Positioning plate; 6. Hand-cranked lead screw; 7. Retractor base; 8. Mounting seat; 9. Positioning threaded rod; 10. Horizontal telescopic rod; 11. Locking end; 12. Retracting structure; 13. Angle adjustment mechanism; 14. First hook; 15. Second hook; 16. Silicone pad; 17. Retracting structure housing; 18. First hook sliding groove; 19. Second hook sliding groove; 20. Locking bolt; 21. Hook positioning rod; 22. First locking seat of the angle adjustment mechanism; 23. Second locking seat of the angle adjustment mechanism; 24. Gear locking block groove; 25. Angle locking rotating shaft; 26. Locking gear; 27. Gear locking block; 28. Gear locking block adjusting rod; 29. Gear locking block sliding frame; 30. Gear locking block driving sleeve; 31. Gear locking block adjusting rod groove; 32. Limiting block groove; 33. Limiting block; 34. Gear locking block driving sleeve groove; 35. Compression spring; 36. Hand-cranked lead screw slider; 37. Driving motor groove; 38. Mounting seat rotating shaft; 39. Driving gear; 40. Driven gear; 41. Driving motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-7 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: A multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery, including a bed board 1, retractor bodies 2 are symmetrically installed on both sides above the bed board 1, a bed clamp structure 3 is arranged at the lower end of the retractor body 2, a hand-cranked lead screw 6 is fixedly installed on the side of the bed clamp structure 3 away from the bed board 1, a retractor base 7 is installed above the hand-cranked lead screw 6, a mounting seat 8 is rotatably installed above the retractor base 7, a positioning threaded rod 9 is installed above the mounting seat 8, a horizontal telescopic rod 10 is installed on one side of the positioning threaded rod 9, a retracting structure 12 is installed on one side of the horizontal telescopic rod 10, the retracting structure 12 and the horizontal telescopic rod 10, and the mounting seat 8 and the positioning threaded rod 9 are rotatably connected through an angle adjustment mechanism 13, and a second hook 15 and two first hooks 14 are installed below the retracting structure 12.

[0034] Adjust the two angle adjustment mechanisms 13 according to the tilt angle of the surgical area. During adjustment, rotate the gear locking block adjusting rod 28. The gear locking block adjusting rod 28 is threadedly connected to the gear locking block driving sleeve 30. Drive the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 to move upward through the threaded area and the limit of the gear locking block sliding frame 29 and the gear locking block driving sleeve 30, so as to unlock the angle between the gear locking block 27 and the locking gear 26. Grasp the positioning threaded rod 9 to adjust the tilt angle between the mounting seat 8 and the positioning threaded rod 9, and grasp the retractor structure 12 to adjust the tilt angle between the retractor structure 12 and the horizontal telescopic rod 10. After the angle adjustment is completed, rotate the gear locking block adjusting rod 28 downward. The gear locking block adjusting rod 28 drives the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 to slide downward through threaded connection. While the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 slides, the limiting block 33 slides inside the limiting block groove 32. The gear locking block driving sleeve 30 drives the gear locking block 27 to move towards the locking gear 26 and mesh with the locking gear 26. The compression spring 35 presses the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 downward at the same time to provide a downward locking thrust for it, so as to lock the adjusted angle.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 , a positioning plate 5 is provided at the upper end of the bed clamp structure 3. The lower end surface of the positioning plate 5 is attached to the upper surface of the bed board 1. A bed clamp locking rod 4 is provided at the lower end inside the bed clamp structure 3. The upper end of the bed clamp locking rod 4 is attached to the lower end surface of the bed board 1. A locking end 11 is fixedly installed at one end of the horizontal telescopic rod 10. The locking end 11 is slidably sleeved outside the positioning threaded rod 9.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-3, the retractor structure 12 includes a first hook 14, a second hook 15, a silicone pad 16, a retractor structure housing 17, a first hook chute 18, a second hook chute 19, a locking bolt 20, and a hook positioning rod 21. The outer end of the retractor structure 12 is provided with a retractor structure housing 17. At the front and rear ends inside the retractor structure housing 17 away from one end of the angle adjustment mechanism 13, first hook chutes 18 are symmetrically opened. At the middle position inside the retractor structure housing 17 near one end of the angle adjustment mechanism 13, a second hook chute 19 is opened. The first hook chute 18 and the second hook chute 19 are perpendicularly arranged. Below the first hook chute 18, a first hook 14 is installed. Below the second hook chute 19, a second hook 15 is installed. Hook positioning rods 21 are respectively slidably installed inside the first hook chute 18 and the second hook chute 19. The hook positioning rods 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the first hook 14 and the second hook 15. Locking bolts 20 are symmetrically sleeved outside the hook positioning rods 21. The locking bolts 20 are respectively in contact with the upper end face and the lower end face of the retractor structure housing 17. The first hook 14 and the second hook 15 are arc-shaped plates. A silicone pad 16 is arranged in a fitting manner on the end face of the first hook 14 close to the angle adjustment mechanism 13 and the end face of the second hook 15 close to the angle adjustment mechanism 13.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 4-6 , at the rear end of the angle adjustment mechanism 13, there is a first locking seat 22 of the angle adjustment mechanism. At the front end of the angle adjustment mechanism 13, there is a second locking seat 23 of the angle adjustment mechanism. One end of the first locking seat 22 of the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the retractor structure 12 or the positioning threaded rod 9. One end of the second locking seat 23 of the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 8 or the horizontal telescopic rod 10. Inside the second locking seat 23 of the angle adjustment mechanism, there is a gear locking block groove 24. At the middle position on one side of the first locking seat 22 of the angle adjustment mechanism, an angle locking rotating shaft 25 is fixedly installed. Outside the angle locking rotating shaft 25, a locking gear 26 is fixedly installed. On one side of the locking gear 26, there is a gear locking block 27. At the middle position at one end of the second locking seat 23 of the angle adjustment mechanism, a gear locking block adjusting rod 28 is rotatably installed. On the inner wall at one end of the second locking seat 23 of the angle adjustment mechanism, a gear locking block sliding frame 29 is fixedly installed. Inside the gear locking block sliding frame 29, there is a gear locking block driving sleeve groove 34. One end of the gear locking block 27 is fixedly installed with a gear locking block driving sleeve 30. On both sides of one end of the gear locking block driving sleeve 30, limit blocks 33 are symmetrically installed. The limit blocks 33 are slidably connected to the limit block grooves 32.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 7, an adjusting rod groove 31 for the gear locking block is formed on the inner wall of the gear locking block driving sleeve 30. The lower end of the adjusting rod 28 for the gear locking block extends into the adjusting rod groove 31 for the gear locking block and is in threaded connection with the adjusting rod groove 31 for the gear locking block. A compression spring 35 is arranged on one side of the gear locking block driving sleeve 30. The upper end of the compression spring 35 abuts against the inner wall of the gear locking block groove 24, and the lower end of the compression spring 35 abuts against the upper end surface of the gear locking block driving sleeve 30. A driving motor groove 37 is formed at the middle position inside the upper end of the retractor base 7. A mounting seat rotating shaft 38 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the lower end of the mounting seat 8. The mounting seat rotating shaft 38 is rotatably connected with the retractor base 7. A driven gear 40 is sleeved outside the mounting seat rotating shaft 38. A driving motor 41 is installed inside the driving motor groove 37. A driving gear 39 is installed at the output end of the driving motor 41 in a transmission manner. The driving gear 39 is meshed with the driven gear 40. A hand-operated lead screw slider 36 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the retractor base 7. The hand-operated lead screw slider 36 is in transmission connection with the hand-operated lead screw 6.

[0039] A retracting method for a multifunctional retractor in oral and maxillofacial surgery includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Fix the retractor body 2 on both sides of the bed board 1 through the bed clamp structure 3. First, place the positioning plate 5 above the bed board 1, and then rotate the bed clamp locking rod 4 of the bed clamp structure 3. The bed clamp locking rod 4 is in threaded connection with the bed clamp structure 3. As the bed clamp locking rod 4 is rotated and slowly moves upward, when the bed clamp locking rod 4 abuts against the lower end surface of the bed board 1, the clamping and fixing of the retractor body 2 is completed.

[0041] Step 2: After the patient lies above the bed board 1 and is adjusted to the surgical position, start the driving motor 41. The driving motor 41 drives the driving gear 39 to rotate. The driving gear 39 drives the mounting seat rotating shaft 38 provided with the driven gear 40 to rotate through meshing connection, so that the mounting seat rotating shaft 38 drives the mounting seat 8 to rotate, and the retracting structure 12 rotates above the bed board 1. Rotate the handwheel of the hand-operated lead screw 6 to drive the hand-operated lead screw slider 36 to drive the retractor base 7 to move in the front-back direction until it corresponds to the surgical area.

[0042] Step 3: Rotate the knob on one side of the locking end 11. The knob is in transmission connection with the helical gear inside the locking end 11. The helical gear is meshed with the positioning threaded rod 9, so that the locking end 11 slides up and down on the outside of the positioning threaded rod 9. After adjusting to the appropriate height, loosen the knob on the horizontal telescopic rod 10 to adjust the length of the horizontal telescopic rod 10. After the adjustment is completed, lock the knob of the horizontal telescopic rod 10.

[0043] Step 4: Adjust the two angle adjustment mechanisms 13 according to the tilt angle of the surgical area. When adjusting, rotate the gear locking block adjusting rod 28. The gear locking block adjusting rod 28 is threadedly connected to the gear locking block driving sleeve 30. Driven by the threaded area and the limit between the gear locking block sliding frame 29 and the gear locking block driving sleeve 30, the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 moves upward, thereby unlocking the lock between the angle of the gear locking block 27 and the locking gear 26. Grasp the positioning threaded rod 9 to adjust the tilt angle between the mounting seat 8 and the positioning threaded rod 9, and grasp the retractor structure 12 to adjust the tilt angle between the retractor structure 12 and the horizontal telescopic rod 10. After the angle adjustment is completed, rotate the gear locking block adjusting rod 28 downward. The gear locking block adjusting rod 28 drives the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 to slide downward through threaded connection. While the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 slides, the limiting block 33 slides inside the limiting block groove 32. The gear locking block driving sleeve 30 drives the gear locking block 27 to move towards the locking gear 26 and mesh with the locking gear 26. The compression spring 35 simultaneously presses the gear locking block driving sleeve 30 downward to provide a downward locking thrust for it, realizing the locking of the adjusted angle;

[0044] Step 5: Adjust the positions of the first retractor 14 and the second retractor 15. Loosen the locking bolts 20 at the upper and lower ends outside the retractor positioning rod 21, and let the two first retractors 14 respectively pull the upper and lower ends of the surgical area. Lock the position of the first retractor 14 by tightening the locking bolts 20, and then adjust the position of the second retractor 15 so that it pulls and locks the center point position between the two first retractors 14.

[0045] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery, comprising a bed plate (1), characterized in that: A retractor body (2) is symmetrically mounted on both sides above the bed board (1); a bed clamp structure (3) is arranged at the lower end of the retractor body (2); a hand-cranked screw (6) is fixedly mounted on the side of the bed clamp structure (3) away from the bed board (1); a retractor base (7) is mounted above the hand-cranked screw (6); a mounting seat (8) is rotatably mounted above the retractor base (7); a positioning threaded rod (9) is mounted above the mounting seat (8); a horizontal telescopic rod (10) is mounted on one side of the positioning threaded rod (9); a retracting structure (12) is mounted on one side of the horizontal telescopic rod (10); the retracting structure (12) and the horizontal telescopic rod (10) as well as the mounting seat (8) and the positioning threaded rod (9) are rotatably connected via an angle adjustment mechanism (13); a second retracting hook (15) and two first retracting hooks (14) are mounted below the retracting structure (12).

2. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning plate (5) is provided at the upper end of the bed clamp structure (3), and the lower end surface of the positioning plate (5) is in contact with the upper surface of the bed board (1). A bed clamp locking rod (4) is provided at the lower end inside the bed clamp structure (3), and the upper end of the bed clamp locking rod (4) is in contact with the lower end surface of the bed board (1). A locking end (11) is fixedly installed at one end of the horizontal telescopic rod (10), and the locking end (11) is slidably fitted onto the outside of the positioning threaded rod (9).

3. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulling-away structure (12) comprises a first pulling hook (14), a second pulling hook (15), a silicone pad (16), a pulling-away structure shell (17), a first pulling hook slide groove (18), a second pulling hook slide groove (19), a locking bolt (20), and a pulling hook positioning rod (21); a pulling-away structure shell (17) is provided at the outer end of the pulling-away structure (12); a first pulling hook slide groove (18) is symmetrically provided at the front and rear ends of the pulling-away structure shell (17) away from one end of the angle adjustment mechanism (13); a second pulling hook slide groove (19) is provided at the middle position of the pulling-away structure shell (17) close to one end of the angle adjustment mechanism (13); and the first pulling hook slide groove (18) and the second pulling hook slide groove (19) are vertically arranged.

4. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first hook (14) is installed below the first hook slide groove (18), and a second hook (15) is installed below the second hook slide groove (19). Hook positioning rods (21) are slidably installed inside the first hook slide groove (18) and the second hook slide groove (19), respectively, and the hook positioning rods (21) are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the first hook (14) and the second hook (15), respectively.

5. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outside of the hook positioning rod (21) is symmetrically sleeved with a locking bolt (20), and the locking bolt (20) is respectively fitted with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the pulling structure shell (17). The first hook (14) and the second hook (15) are arc plates. The end surface of the first hook (14) close to the angle adjustment mechanism (13) and the end surface of the second hook (15) close to the angle adjustment mechanism (13) are fitted with a silicone pad (16).

6. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear end of the angle adjustment mechanism (13) is provided with a first locking seat (22) of the angle adjustment mechanism, and the front end of the angle adjustment mechanism (13) is provided with a second locking seat (23) of the angle adjustment mechanism. One end of the first locking seat (22) of the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the retraction structure (12) or the positioning threaded rod (9), and one end of the second locking seat (23) of the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (8) or the horizontal telescopic rod (10). A gear locking block groove (24) is provided inside the second locking seat (23) of the angle adjustment mechanism. An angle locking shaft (25) is fixedly installed at a middle position on one side of the first locking seat (22) of the angle adjustment mechanism. A locking gear (26) is fixedly installed outside the angle locking shaft (25), and a gear locking block (27) is installed on one side of the locking gear (26).

7. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gear locking block adjusting rod (28) is rotatably mounted at the middle position of one end of the second locking seat (23) of the angle adjustment mechanism, a gear locking block sliding frame (29) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of one end of the second locking seat (23) of the angle adjustment mechanism, a gear locking block driving sleeve groove (34) is provided inside the gear locking block sliding frame (29), a gear locking block driving sleeve (30) is fixedly mounted on one end of the gear locking block (27), two opposite inner walls of the gear locking block sliding frame (29) are symmetrically provided with limiting block grooves (32), limiting blocks (33) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of one end of the gear locking block driving sleeve (30), and the limiting blocks (33) are slidably connected to the limiting block grooves (32).

8. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the gear locking block driving sleeve (30) is provided with a gear locking block adjusting rod groove (31), the lower end of the gear locking block adjusting rod (28) extends into the interior of the gear locking block adjusting rod groove (31) and is threadedly connected to the gear locking block adjusting rod groove (31), and a compression spring (35) is provided on one side of the gear locking block driving sleeve (30), the upper end of the compression spring (35) is in contact with the inner wall of the gear locking block groove (24), and the lower end of the compression spring (35) is in contact with the upper end surface of the gear locking block driving sleeve (30).

9. The multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: A driving motor slot (37) is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the retractor base (7); a mounting seat rotating shaft (38) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the lower end of the mounting seat (8); the mounting seat rotating shaft (38) is rotatably connected to the retractor base (7); a driven gear (40) is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat rotating shaft (38); a driving motor (41) is installed inside the driving motor slot (37); a driving gear (39) is installed at the output end of the driving motor (41); the driving gear (39) is meshed with the driven gear (40); a hand-cranked screw slider (36) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the retractor base (7); and the hand-cranked screw slider (36) is transmission-connected to the hand-cranked screw (6).

10. A retraction method for the multifunctional retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: fix the retractor body (2) to both sides of the bed board (1) through the bed clamp structure (3), first place the positioning plate (5) above the bed board (1), then rotate the bed clamp locking rod (4) of the bed clamp structure (3), the bed clamp locking rod (4) is threadedly connected to the bed clamp structure (3), and the bed clamp locking rod (4) is slowly moved upward as the bed clamp locking rod (4) is rotated. When the bed clamp locking rod (4) is in contact with the lower end surface of the bed board (1), the retractor body (2) is clamped and fixed; Step 2: After the patient lies on the top of the bed board (1) and adjusts to the surgical position, the drive motor (41) is started, and the drive motor (41) drives the driving gear (39) to rotate. The driving gear (39) drives the mounting seat shaft (38) provided with the driven gear (40) to rotate through meshing connection, so that the mounting seat shaft (38) drives the mounting seat (8) to rotate, and the retractor structure (12) is rotated to the top of the bed board (1), and the hand wheel of the hand screw (6) is turned to allow the hand screw slider (36) to drive the retractor base (7) to move in the front-back direction until it corresponds to the surgical area; Step 3: Turn the knob on one side of the locking end (11), the knob is connected to the helical gear inside the locking end (11), and the helical gear is meshed with the positioning threaded rod (9), so that the locking end (11) can slide up and down outside the positioning threaded rod (9). After adjusting to a suitable height, loosen the knob on the horizontal telescopic rod (10) to adjust the length of the horizontal telescopic rod (10). After the adjustment is completed, lock the knob of the horizontal telescopic rod (10); Step 4: The two angle adjustment mechanisms (13) are adjusted according to the inclination angle of the surgical area. During the adjustment, the gear locking block adjustment rod (28) is rotated, and the gear locking block adjustment rod (28) is threadedly connected to the gear locking block drive sleeve (30). The gear locking block drive sleeve (30) is driven to move upward through the threaded area and the limit of the gear locking block slide frame (29) and the gear locking block drive sleeve (30), thereby unlocking the locking of the gear locking block (27) and the locking gear (26). The positioning threaded rod (9) is grasped to adjust the inclination angle between the mounting seat (8) and the positioning threaded rod (9), and the retraction structure (12) is grasped to adjust the retraction structure (12) and The tilt angle between the horizontal telescopic rods (10) is adjusted. After the angle adjustment is completed, the gear locking block adjusting rod (28) is rotated downward. The gear locking block adjusting rod (28) drives the gear locking block driving sleeve (30) to slide downward through a threaded connection. When the gear locking block driving sleeve (30) slides, the limit block (33) slides inside the limit block groove (32). The gear locking block driving sleeve (30) drives the gear locking block (27) to move in the direction of the locking gear (26) and meshes with the locking gear (26). The compression spring (35) simultaneously presses the gear locking block driving sleeve (30) downward to provide it with a downward locking thrust, thereby locking the adjusted angle. Step 5: Adjust the position of the first retractor (14) and the second retractor (15), loosen the locking bolts (20) at the upper and lower ends of the retractor positioning rod (21), allow the two first retractors (14) to pull the upper and lower ends of the surgical area respectively, lock the position of the first retractor (14) by tightening the locking bolts (20), and then adjust the position of the second retractor (15) to pull and lock the center point between the two first retractors (14).

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