Emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency communication high-altitude base station system for an unmanned aerial vehicle, which relates to the technical field of communication and comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, an intelligent flight control module, a communication management module, a multi-unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative technology module, a data analysis and decision support module, an encryption and security authentication module and a modular design structure. And the remote monitoring and maintenance module is used for maintaining the service system module. The intelligent flight control module integrates functions of flight strategy optimization, automatic obstacle avoidance and the like, can automatically adjust the flight height, angle and path of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to communication coverage requirements, and reduces the complexity and risk of manual operation; the multi-unmanned aerial vehicle cooperation technology module can realize information sharing, task cooperation and optimal distribution of communication resources among multiple unmanned aerial vehicles to form a distributed communication network, thereby not only improving the communication coverage and capacity, but also enabling the resource utilization to be more efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft, and specifically to an emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft. Background Art

[0002] An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a type of aircraft, also known as an unmanned aircraft.

[0003] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, especially in response to emergencies such as natural disasters and insufficient communication coverage in remote areas, the demand for emergency communication systems has become increasingly prominent. The construction cost of traditional ground base stations is high, and they are restricted by factors such as terrain and climate, making it difficult to achieve wide coverage in a short time. Especially during natural disasters, ground base stations are often damaged, resulting in communication interruption, seriously affecting rescue command and personnel search and rescue operations. To address these issues, in recent years, UAV technology has received extensive attention in the field of emergency communication. Due to its high mobility, flexibility, and ability to quickly reach inaccessible areas, the UAV has become an ideal platform for building an emergency communication network. By carrying a communication module, the UAV can act as a temporary base station in the air, providing communication relay services for ground users, thereby quickly restoring communication.

[0004] Currently, the application of UAVs as emergency communication high-altitude base stations is still in the stage of continuous exploration and improvement. Existing UAV emergency communication systems usually include basic components such as a UAV platform, a communication module, and a flight control module. However, these systems still face many challenges in practical applications, such as the stability of communication links, the improvement of communication rate and capacity, the cooperative communication between multiple UAVs, and the rapid response and efficient deployment in emergency communication scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft to solve technical problems such as the stability of communication links, the improvement of communication rate and capacity, the cooperative communication between multiple UAVs, and the rapid response and efficient deployment in emergency communication scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft, including core parts such as a UAV platform, an intelligent flight control module, a communication management module, a multi-UAV cooperation technology module, a data analysis and decision support module, an encryption and security authentication module, and a modular design structure.

[0007] Among them, the UAV platform is equipped with a high-definition camera, sensors, and a communication module, which are used to fly over the area with emergency communication needs and provide communication relay services. The intelligent flight control module is integrated on the UAV platform and is used to achieve the automatic flight, remote control, and path planning of the UAV, reducing the complexity and risks of manual operation. The communication management module includes 5G communication equipment, a satellite communication module, and intelligent spectrum management technology, which are used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency, avoid interference, and improve the communication rate and stability. The multi-UAV cooperation technology module is used to achieve information sharing, task cooperation, and optimized allocation of communication resources among multiple UAVs, forming a distributed communication network and improving the communication coverage and capacity. The data analysis and decision support module uses artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to process the data from the high-definition camera and sensors, providing intuitive and real-time on-site images and data support for command decisions. The encryption and security authentication module is used to ensure the security and integrity of communication data. The modular design structure enables the UAV platform to quickly replace different communication payloads and mission payloads according to different emergency communication needs.

[0008] Furthermore, the intelligent flight control module of the present invention further includes an optimized flight strategy module and an automatic obstacle avoidance module. The optimized flight strategy module is used to optimize the flight altitude and angle of the UAV according to the communication coverage requirements to achieve the best communication effect. The automatic obstacle avoidance module is used to automatically identify and avoid obstacles during flight to ensure the flight safety of the UAV.

[0009] In addition, the communication management module further includes a multi-path transmission module, an intelligent spectrum management optimization model, and a redundant backup module. The multi-path transmission module is used to automatically switch to the backup path when the communication link fails, improving the stability and reliability of the communication system. The intelligent spectrum management optimization model is used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency, further avoiding interference and improving the communication rate and stability. The redundant backup module is used to automatically enable the backup device when the key communication equipment fails to ensure communication continuity.

[0010] The data analysis and decision support module further includes a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent scheduling module, and a cooperative flight control module. The real-time monitoring module is used to display the status information of the UAV platform and the communication base station. The intelligent scheduling module works in cooperation with the multi-UAV cooperation technology module and is used to dynamically adjust the position and task allocation of the UAVs according to the task requirements and the UAV status to achieve the optimal allocation of resources. The cooperative flight control module is used to coordinate the flight trajectories of multiple UAVs to avoid collisions and ensure flight safety.

[0011] The present invention also provides a remote monitoring and maintenance module and a maintenance service system module, which are used to provide remote fault diagnosis and repair functions and regular inspection, maintenance, and upgrade services to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0012] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects: By carrying a high-definition camera, sensors, and advanced communication modules on a drone platform, the present invention can be quickly deployed over areas with emergency communication requirements to provide stable and high-speed communication relay services. Such an aerial base station system can effectively solve the problems of damaged or insufficient ground communication infrastructure, ensuring unobstructed communication in case of emergencies; the intelligent flight control module integrates functions such as optimized flight strategies and automatic obstacle avoidance, and can automatically adjust the flight altitude, angle, and path of the drone according to communication coverage requirements, reducing the complexity and risks of manual operations. At the same time, the automatic obstacle avoidance function can ensure the safe flight of the drone in complex environments, avoiding collisions and accidental falls; the communication management module uses technologies such as multi-path transmission and intelligent spectrum management optimization models to dynamically adjust communication frequencies, avoid interference, and improve communication speed and stability. In addition, the redundant backup module can automatically enable backup devices in case of failures of key communication equipment, ensuring the continuity and reliability of communication; the multi-drone cooperation technology module can achieve information sharing, task cooperation, and optimized allocation of communication resources among multiple drones, forming a distributed communication network, which not only increases the communication coverage and capacity, but also makes resource utilization more efficient, capable of handling larger-scale emergency communication requirements; the data analysis and decision support module uses artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to process data from high-definition cameras and sensors, providing intuitive and real-time on-site images and data support for command decisions, which helps decision-makers quickly understand the on-site situation and make accurate judgments and decisions; the present invention adopts a modular design structure, enabling the drone platform to quickly replace different communication payloads and mission payloads according to different emergency communication requirements. At the same time, the design of modular components and quick-replacement interfaces makes the system easy to maintain and upgrade, reducing maintenance costs and time. Specific embodiments

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below according to its overall structure.

[0015] An emergency communication aerial base station system for unmanned aircraft, comprising: S100: A drone platform, carrying a high-definition camera, sensors, and a communication module, for flying over areas with emergency communication requirements and providing communication relay services, which is the carrier of the entire system.

[0016] The UAV platform is equipped with a high-definition camera. The main function of this device is to capture and transmit high-definition images of the scene. In emergency communication scenarios, the high-definition camera can transmit real-time image information of the ground, providing intuitive and real-time on-site image support for command and decision-making. This is of great significance for evaluating disaster situations, monitoring personnel movements, guiding rescue operations, etc.

[0017] In addition to the high-definition camera, the UAV platform is also equipped with a variety of sensors. These sensors can monitor environmental parameters in real time, such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, etc., as well as the flight state parameters of the UAV, such as altitude, speed, attitude, etc. The data collected by the sensors not only helps the stable flight of the UAV platform, but also provides important basis for subsequent data analysis and decision-making support.

[0018] The communication module on the UAV platform is one of the core components of the entire system. It has powerful communication capabilities and can communicate with ground base stations, other UAV base stations or user terminals. When flying over the area with emergency communication requirements, the communication module can provide communication relay services to ensure the smooth transmission of information. This function is particularly important in the case of damage to ground communication facilities caused by natural disasters, emergencies, etc. It can provide stable communication guarantees for rescue workers, affected people, etc.

[0019] S200: Intelligent flight control module, integrated on the UAV platform, used to realize the automatic flight, remote control and path planning of the UAV, reducing the complexity and risk of manual operation. This module can autonomously control the flight of the UAV without continuous manual intervention, improving the autonomy and efficiency of flight, allowing the operator to control the UAV at a remote location, enhancing the flexibility and safety of operation, and being able to automatically plan the optimal flight path according to task requirements and environmental conditions to ensure that the UAV can complete tasks efficiently and accurately.

[0020] The intelligent flight control module also includes: S201: Optimized flight strategy module, used to optimize the flight altitude and angle of the UAV according to communication coverage requirements. The following formulas are specifically used to calculate the optimal flight altitude and angle of the UAV: , , where, is the optimal flight altitude of the UAV. This parameter is the core target of the formula solution, indicating the best flight altitude that the UAV can reach in the optimal flight state to ensure the best communication coverage effect; represents the communication radius at altitude This is a function of the flight altitude, indicating that when the flight altitude of the UAV is When it is [parameter name], it is the radius range that the communication signal can cover, and this parameter is an important indicator for evaluating the communication coverage ability of the UAV.

[0021] Fitted to a linear function through measured data: , ([[]] and are environmental parameter coefficients); Specifically, is the height gain coefficient (unit: m / m, representing the increase in communication radius per 1-meter increase in height); is the ground-based communication radius (unit: m, the coverage radius when the UAV hovers on the ground).

[0022] represents the power consumption at height This parameter represents the power consumption required for the UAV to maintain communication at a certain flight height. The magnitude of the power consumption directly affects the endurance and flight efficiency of the UAV and is a key factor to be considered when optimizing the flight strategy.

[0023] Determined based on the UAV power model as , is the UAV mass, (unit: kg); is the acceleration due to gravity, (9.8m / s 2 ); is the basic power consumption), (unit: W, including static power consumption of communication modules, sensors, etc.); The higher the altitude, the greater the power consumption required to overcome gravity, and a balance needs to be achieved between the coverage range and energy consumption.

[0024] represents the optimal communication angle at height The optimal communication angle refers to the angle at which the UAV communication signal can optimally cover the ground at a certain flight height, determined through the antenna radiation pattern. This parameter is of great significance for improving the communication coverage effect and reducing signal interference. The larger [angle parameter], the closer the signal is to the ground and the wider the coverage range (similar to the "signal projection area").

[0025] is the optimal flight angle of the UAV. This parameter is another core objective of the formula solution, representing the flight angle that the UAV should adopt in the optimal flight state. By optimizing the flight angle, the communication coverage effect and flight efficiency can be further improved; represents at the optimal flight height and angle The communication coverage area under this condition is an important indicator for evaluating the communication coverage effect of the drone in the optimal flight state. By calculating the communication coverage area, one can intuitively understand the communication coverage ability of the drone at different flight heights and angles. The calculation formula is , ( is the pi, ) is the equivalent ground coverage radius, the horizontal projection radius considering the angle).

[0026] S202: Automatic obstacle avoidance module, which is used to automatically identify and avoid obstacles during flight to ensure the flight safety of the drone. By using sensors and advanced obstacle avoidance algorithms, it can monitor the obstacles in the flight environment in real time and take corresponding obstacle avoidance measures.

[0027] Specifically, the automatic obstacle avoidance module is equipped with a lidar (LiDAR), a vision camera (resolution ≥ 1080P), and ultrasonic sensors to collect data on the distance, azimuth, and shape of obstacles in real time; it is equipped with an embedded processor (such as NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin) to process the sensor data and generate obstacle avoidance instructions. It adopts an obstacle detection algorithm based on SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) to model the position of obstacles through point cloud data, and combines the Dijkstra algorithm to dynamically plan the obstacle avoidance path; when the detected distance to an obstacle is less than the safety threshold (such as 5 meters), the obstacle avoidance action (such as detouring, hovering, or ascending) is automatically triggered to ensure flight safety.

[0028] S300: Communication management module, including 5G communication equipment, satellite communication module, and intelligent spectrum management technology, which is used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency, avoid interference, and improve the communication rate and stability.

[0029] The communication management module contains 5G communication equipment, which provides high-speed and low-latency communication capabilities for the emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft and can meet the large-capacity data transmission requirements in emergency communication scenarios; the system is also equipped with a satellite communication module, which ensures that the drone can maintain a stable communication connection through the satellite network even in remote areas or when the ground communication network is interrupted.

[0030] The intelligent spectrum management technology can monitor and analyze the changes in the communication environment in real time, dynamically adjust the communication frequency according to the communication requirements and network conditions, effectively avoid interference, improve the communication efficiency and stability. The optimization model application technology uses an optimization model to dynamically adjust the communication frequency. This model comprehensively considers multiple factors such as the transmit power of communication equipment, antenna gain, noise power spectral density, and interference coefficient between communication equipment to ensure the optimization of communication quality.

[0031] The communication management module also includes: S301: The multipath transmission module is used to automatically switch to the backup path in case of communication link failure, improving the stability and reliability of the communication system.

[0032] The multipath transmission module can automatically switch to the backup path in case of communication link failure. This function ensures that when the primary communication link has problems, the system can quickly switch to other available communication paths, thus maintaining the continuity of communication. By automatically switching the backup path, the multipath transmission module improves the stability and reliability of the communication system, which means that even in the face of emergencies or adverse environmental conditions, the system can maintain a stable communication connection and ensure the smooth transmission of information.

[0033] This module is built with an intelligent detection and switching mechanism that can monitor the status of the communication link in real time. Once it detects that the primary link has failed or the signal quality has deteriorated, the module will immediately initiate the process of selecting and switching to the backup path. During the switching process, the multipath transmission module will consider multiple factors, such as the signal strength, stability, and transmission delay of the backup path, to ensure that the optimal backup path is selected for communication.

[0034] S302: The intelligent spectrum management optimization model is used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency, avoid interference, and improve the communication rate and stability. The following model is specifically used for optimization: where represents optimizing the frequency to maximize the objective function in the formula; represents the communication frequency, which is one of the key variables that the model needs to optimize. By selecting the appropriate communication frequency, interference can be reduced and communication quality can be improved; represents the transmit power of the th communication device. Transmit power is an important factor affecting communication distance and quality. By reasonably adjusting the transmit power, energy consumption can be reduced while ensuring communication quality; represents the antenna gain of the th communication device at frequency . The antenna gain determines the signal reception and transmission capabilities of the communication device at a specific frequency and is an important parameter for optimizing communication performance; represents the noise power spectral density. Noise is one of the main factors affecting communication quality. By understanding the noise characteristics, the communication frequency and transmit power can be better optimized to improve communication quality; Denotes the number of communication devices. In a multi-device communication scenario, interference between communication devices is an important issue. The model needs to consider the mutual influence of all communication devices to find the optimal communication frequency and transmission power; Denotes frequency The th communication device and the th communication device; Denotes the th communication device's transmission power at frequency ; Denotes the th communication device's antenna gain at frequency ;

[0035] This formula aims to maximize the overall performance of the communication system (such as communication rate, stability, etc.) by optimizing parameters such as communication frequency, transmission power, and antenna gain. During the optimization process, it is necessary to consider the interference between communication devices and the impact of noise. By adjusting these parameters, the optimal communication configuration can be found to reduce interference, improve communication quality, and meet emergency communication requirements.

[0036] S303: Redundant backup module, used to automatically enable backup devices when critical communication devices fail to ensure communication continuity.

[0037] In the communication management module, the redundant backup module is an important component. It can quickly and automatically enable backup communication devices when detecting the failure of critical communication devices, thus avoiding communication interruption and ensuring the stable operation of the communication system. The redundant backup module has an automatic switching function. When the main communication device fails, it can immediately identify and switch to the backup communication device to ensure the uninterrupted communication link.

[0038] To ensure the effectiveness of the redundant backup module, the system will pre-configure backup communication devices and regularly conduct performance tests and maintenance to ensure that they can be immediately put into use when needed. Through the redundant backup module, the system can quickly restore communication capabilities after the failure of critical communication devices, reducing losses and impacts caused by communication interruption.

[0039] S400: Multi-UAV collaborative technology module, used to achieve information sharing, task collaboration, and optimized allocation of communication resources among multiple UAVs, forming a distributed communication network to improve communication coverage and capacity.

[0040] The multi-UAV cooperation technology module is a technology module integrated in the emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft. It can achieve information sharing, task cooperation, and optimized allocation of communication resources among multiple UAVs. Through the multi-UAV cooperation technology module, multiple UAVs can share the data and information they collect in real time, including images captured by high-definition cameras, data collected by sensors, etc., thus forming a comprehensive information network.

[0041] This module can also achieve task cooperation among multiple UAVs, dynamically adjust the positions and task allocations of UAVs according to task requirements and UAV status. Through intelligent scheduling algorithms, it can optimize the flight trajectories and task execution sequences of UAVs to achieve the optimal allocation of resources. The multi-UAV cooperation technology module can also optimize the allocation of communication resources to ensure that each UAV can obtain sufficient communication bandwidth and power, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the communication system.

[0042] With the multi-UAV cooperation technology module, multiple UAVs can form a distributed communication network. Through communication and cooperation among them, the communication coverage and capacity can be extended. This distributed communication network is particularly important in emergency communication scenarios, which can quickly restore communication services and ensure the smooth progress of rescue operations. Through the application of the multi-UAV cooperation technology module, the communication coverage and capacity can be significantly improved. Multiple UAVs can jointly undertake communication tasks and share the communication load, thus expanding the communication coverage and enhancing the communication capacity.

[0043] The multi-UAV cooperation technology module also has an intelligent spectrum management function, which can dynamically adjust communication frequencies to avoid communication interference among UAVs and ensure the stable operation of the communication system. The multi-UAV cooperation technology module works in coordination with other modules (such as intelligent flight control modules, communication management modules, etc.) to jointly achieve the overall functions of the emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft.

[0044] S500: Data analysis and decision support module, which uses artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to process data from high-definition cameras and sensors, providing intuitive and real-time on-site images and data support for command decisions. This support helps decision-makers understand the situation of the emergency communication demand area more quickly and accurately, thereby making more effective decisions.

[0045] The data analysis and decision support module integrates edge computing servers (CPU ≥ Intel i7, GPU ≥ NVIDIA RTX 3060), supporting real-time data processing; it is configured with high-speed data transmission interfaces (such as USB 3.2, Ethernet) to connect high-definition cameras and sensors. The YOLOv8 object detection algorithm is used to process camera images to identify disaster scenarios (such as collapsed buildings, blocked roads); the LSTM neural network is utilized to analyze sensor data (wind speed, temperature, etc.) to predict the endurance and communication quality of drones. Based on the multi-drone cooperative communication coverage formula, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the drone positions and task assignments. The objective function is to maximize the total communication coverage area and minimize the overlap rate. The specific steps include population initialization, fitness calculation, crossover mutation, and selection operations to achieve optimal resource allocation.

[0046] The data analysis and decision support module also includes: S501: Real-time monitoring module, used to display the status information of the drone platform and communication base stations.

[0047] The content monitored by this module includes but is not limited to key parameters such as the flight altitude, speed, and position of drones, as well as status information such as the signal strength, communication quality, and device temperature of communication base stations. Through the real-time monitoring module, operators can promptly discover potential problems with the drone platform and communication base stations, and thus quickly take measures for intervention to ensure the stable operation of the system and the continuity of communication. The real-time monitoring module works closely and cooperatively with the data analysis and decision support module. The former provides real-time status information, and the latter uses this information for analysis and decision-making, providing intuitive and real-time on-site images and data support for operators. The real-time monitoring module may collect the status information of the drone platform and communication base stations in real time through hardware devices such as high-definition cameras and sensors, and transmit this information to the ground control center or remote monitoring terminal through the communication module.

[0048] S502: Intelligent scheduling module, working in coordination with the multi-drone cooperative technology module, used to dynamically adjust the positions and task assignments of drones according to task requirements and drone status to achieve optimal resource allocation. The following multi-drone cooperative communication coverage formula is specifically used to calculate the communication coverage effect: Among them, represents the total communication coverage area, which is the target result calculated by the formula; represents the number of drones, reflecting the total number of drones participating in cooperative communication; represents the th drone at altitude and angle The communication coverage area below is the communication coverage area contributed by each drone independently; Indicates the th and the th drones' communication coverage overlapping area, which reflects the redundancy and overlap degree of communication coverage between drones and is used to optimize communication resource allocation and reduce interference; is a very small positive number used to avoid the denominator being zero, ensuring the mathematical stability and accuracy of the formula.

[0049] This formula comprehensively considers the communication coverage of multiple drones. By calculating the coverage area, overlapping area of each drone and adding a small positive number to avoid calculation errors, the total communication coverage area when multiple drones work together is obtained, which is of great significance for optimizing the drone layout, improving communication efficiency and coverage.

[0050] S503: Cooperative flight control module, which is used to coordinate the flight trajectories of multiple drones, avoid collisions and ensure flight safety.

[0051] This module plans and adjusts the flight trajectories by real-time monitoring and analyzing key information such as the position, speed and flight direction of each drone, and uses advanced obstacle avoidance technologies and path planning algorithms to ensure the safe flight of drones in complex environments. When detecting potential collision risks, the module will automatically adjust the flight trajectories of drones to avoid collisions.

[0052] In a multi-drone cooperative communication network, the cooperative flight control module is the key to realizing information sharing and task cooperation between drones. It can ensure that the drone swarm maintains an orderly flight state when performing tasks, improve the communication coverage and capacity. Through the cooperative flight control module, the multi-drone system can more efficiently respond to emergency communication needs and provide real-time and accurate on-site images and data support for command and decision-making.

[0053] S600: Encryption and security authentication module, which is used to ensure the security and integrity of communication data.

[0054] The encryption and security authentication module adopts advanced encryption technologies to encrypt communication data to ensure that the data cannot be illegally intercepted and parsed during transmission, thus protecting the confidentiality of the data; this module also includes a perfect security authentication mechanism. By verifying the identities of both communication parties, it ensures that only legitimate users can access and transmit data, effectively preventing unauthorized access and data tampering, and guaranteeing the integrity and reliability of the data.

[0055] S700: Modular design structure enables the UAV platform to quickly replace different communication payloads and mission payloads according to different emergency communication requirements.

[0056] The modular design structure also includes: S701: Quick replacement interface for quickly replacing communication payloads and mission payloads. Through this interface, operators can quickly and accurately replace communication and mission equipment on the UAV without complex disassembly and assembly processes, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0057] S702: Modular components make the system easy to maintain and upgrade, reducing maintenance costs. These components have high generality and replaceability, making the system easy to maintain and upgrade. When a component fails or needs to be upgraded, operators can easily replace or upgrade the component without major modifications to the entire system, thus reducing maintenance costs and time.

[0058] Through modular design, the UAV platform can easily add or reduce functional modules to meet different communication requirements.

[0059] S800: Remote monitoring and maintenance module for providing remote fault diagnosis and repair functions, reducing maintenance costs and time.

[0060] The remote monitoring and maintenance module can real-time monitor the operating status of the emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft. Once an anomaly or fault is detected, the module will automatically diagnose, identify the type and cause of the fault. After diagnosing the fault, the module will attempt to repair it through remote operations, such as restarting the faulty device, adjusting parameter settings, etc., to restore the normal operation of the system. Through remote monitoring and maintenance, the need for on-site manual troubleshooting and repair is reduced, thus reducing maintenance costs and shortening the fault repair time, improving the reliability and availability of the system.

[0061] The module collects real-time operating data of the system, such as device status, communication quality, etc., through sensors and communication modules on the UAV platform. The module is built-in with advanced fault diagnosis algorithms that can analyze and process the collected data to accurately identify the type and cause of the fault. Once the fault is diagnosed, the module will automatically generate a repair plan and send repair instructions to the UAV platform through the communication module to achieve remote repair.

[0062] S900: Maintenance service system module, including regular inspection, repair and upgrade services to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0063] The regular inspection service includes inspections of key components such as the structure of the drone platform, communication modules, intelligent flight control modules, etc., to ensure that all parts are working properly without damage or aging. During the inspection process, key indicators such as the communication performance, data transmission rate, and coverage of the system will also be tested to ensure that the system performance meets the standards. The repair service includes links such as fault troubleshooting, component replacement, and system debugging, aiming to quickly solve various problems that occur in the system. The repair team consists of professional technicians with rich repair experience and skills, who can quickly locate and solve various complex faults. The upgrade service includes upgrading the software and hardware of the emergency communication high-altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft to improve the performance and functions of the system. Software upgrades may include optimizing algorithms, adding new functions, etc., while hardware upgrades may involve replacing higher-performance processors, communication modules, etc.

[0064] The system has the ability to cooperate and form a network with ground base stations or other drone base stations. The specific implementation methods include: The system realizes data exchange and communication resource sharing with ground base stations or other drone base stations through built-in communication protocols and interfaces; The system uses the multi-drone cooperation technology module to realize information sharing and task cooperation among drone base stations, forming a multi-point network or an air-ground multi-point cooperation network structure to expand the communication coverage and improve the communication capacity.

[0065] Through cooperative networking, the system can significantly expand the communication coverage. Whether it is a ground base station or other drone base stations, as long as they are connected to the system, they can become part of the communication network, thus expanding the area of communication services. This expanded communication coverage is of great significance for dealing with emergencies and urgent situations because it can ensure reliable communication services in a wider area. In addition to expanding the communication coverage, the system can also improve the communication capacity through cooperative networking. In cases where a large amount of data needs to be processed or multiple users need to communicate simultaneously, the system can use the multi-point network structure to share the communication load. By reasonably allocating communication resources, the system can ensure that each user can obtain the required communication services and provide additional communication capacity when necessary to cope with sudden demands. The cooperative networking structure of the system has a high degree of flexibility. It can dynamically adjust the networking method according to actual needs to adapt to different communication environments and application scenarios. This flexibility enables the system to maintain high-efficiency communication performance in various complex environments and provide stable and reliable communication services for users.

[0066] The system has automatic switching and fault recovery functions. The specific implementation methods include: The system monitors the status of the communication link in real time. Once a link fault is detected, it will automatically select and switch to the backup communication path to ensure the continuity and stability of communication; When a critical communication device fails, the system automatically enables the backup communication device through the built-in redundant backup mechanism to achieve rapid recovery from the failure and continuity of communication.

[0067] The system can continuously monitor the status of the current communication link, including key indicators such as signal strength and data transmission rate. Once a link failure is detected, such as signal interruption or a sharp drop in data transmission rate, the system will immediately activate the selection mechanism for the backup communication path. The system will automatically select an optimal backup communication path and quickly switch to this path to ensure that the continuity and stability of communication are not affected. The system is equipped with a redundant backup mechanism and has a backup design for critical communication devices. When a failure of a critical communication device is detected, such as damage or performance degradation of the communication device, the system will automatically identify and enable the backup communication device. By quickly switching to the backup device, the system can achieve rapid recovery from the failure, ensure the continuity of communication, and continue to provide high-quality communication services.

[0068] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the various numerical numbers such as the first and second involved in this application are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of this application, nor do they represent a sequence. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one" means one or more. At least two means two or more. "At least one", "any one" or their similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (pieces) or plural items (pieces). For example, at least one (piece, type) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a b, a c, b c, or a b c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0069] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in this application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0070] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in this application can be directly embedded in hardware, software units executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software units can be stored in a RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD ROM, or any other form of storage medium in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium can also be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be provided in an ASIC, and the ASIC can be provided in a terminal. Optionally, the processor and the storage medium can also be provided in different components of the terminal. These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes of the flowchart and / or one block or multiple blocks of the block diagram.

[0071] Although this application has been described in connection with specific features and their embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification is merely an exemplary illustration of this application and is considered to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of this application and its equivalent technologies, this application is intended to include these changes and variations.

Claims

1. An emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft, characterized in that: include: S100: A drone platform equipped with a high-definition camera, sensors and communication modules, used to fly over areas where emergency communications are needed and provide communication relay services; S200: Intelligent flight control module, integrated into the UAV platform, used to achieve automatic flight, remote control and path planning of the UAV, reducing the complexity and risk of manual operation; S300: Communication management module, including 5G communication equipment, satellite communication module, and intelligent spectrum management technology, which is used to dynamically adjust communication frequency, avoid interference, and improve communication rate and stability; S400: Multi-UAV collaboration technology module, used to achieve information sharing, task collaboration and optimal allocation of communication resources among multiple UAVs, forming a distributed communication network to improve communication coverage and capacity; S500: Data analysis and decision support module, which uses artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to process data from high-definition cameras and sensors to provide intuitive, real-time on-site images and data support for command decisions; S600: encryption and security authentication module, used to ensure the security and integrity of communication data; S700: The modular design structure enables the UAV platform to quickly replace different communication payloads and mission payloads according to different emergency communication needs.

2. The emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent flight control module also includes: S201: Optimize flight strategy module, used to optimize the flight altitude and angle of the drone according to the communication coverage requirements. Specifically, the following formula is used to calculate the optimal flight altitude and angle of the drone: ， ， in, The optimal flight altitude for drones. represents the communication radius at height H, Indicates at height The power consumption under Indicates at height The best communication angle under the The optimal flight angle for the drone. Indicates the optimal flight altitude and angle The communication coverage area below; S202: Automatic obstacle avoidance module, used to automatically identify and avoid obstacles during flight.

3. The emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication management module also includes: S301: a multi-path transmission module, used to automatically switch to a backup path when a communication link fails, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the communication system; S302: Intelligent spectrum management optimization model, used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency, avoid interference, and improve communication rate and stability. The following models are used for optimization: in, Indicates the frequency Optimize to maximize the objective function in the formula, Indicates the communication frequency, Indicates The transmission power of each communication device, Indicates Communication equipment at frequency The antenna gain under represents the noise power spectral density, Indicates the number of communication devices, Indicates frequency Next A communication device and The interference coefficient between the communication devices is Indicates Communication equipment at frequency The transmission power under Indicates Communication equipment at frequency Antenna gain under ; S303: Redundant backup module, used to automatically enable backup equipment when key communication equipment fails to ensure communication continuity.

4. The emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data analysis and decision support module also includes: S501: real-time monitoring module, used to display the status information of the UAV platform and the communication base station; S502: The intelligent scheduling module works in conjunction with the multi-UAV cooperative technology module to dynamically adjust the position and task allocation of the UAVs according to the task requirements and the status of the UAVs to achieve the optimal allocation of resources. Specifically, the following multi-UAV cooperative communication coverage formula is used to calculate the communication coverage effect: in, represents the total communication coverage area, Indicates the number of drones, Indicates Drone at altitude Down and Angle The communication coverage area is Indicates Frame and The communication coverage overlap area between the two drones. is a small positive number to avoid the denominator being zero; S503: Collaborative flight control module, used to coordinate the flight trajectories of multiple drones to avoid collisions and ensure flight safety.

5. The emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: S800: Remote monitoring and maintenance module, used to provide remote fault diagnosis and repair functions, reducing maintenance costs and time; S900: Maintenance service system module, including regular inspection, repair and upgrade services to ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

6. The emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular design structure also includes: S701: Rapid replacement interface, used to quickly replace communication payload and mission payload; S702: Modular components make the system easy to maintain and upgrade, reducing maintenance costs.

7. An emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system has the ability to form a collaborative network with ground base stations or other drone base stations. The specific implementation method includes: The system realizes data exchange and communication resource sharing with ground base stations or other UAV base stations through built-in communication protocols and interfaces; The system utilizes a multi-UAV collaborative technology module to achieve information sharing and task collaboration between UAV base stations, forming a multi-point networking or air-ground multi-point collaborative networking structure to expand communication coverage and improve communication capacity.

8. An emergency communication high altitude base station system for unmanned aircraft according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system has automatic switching and fault recovery functions, and the specific implementation method includes: The system monitors the status of the communication link in real time, and once a link failure is detected, it automatically selects and switches to an alternative communication path to ensure the continuity and stability of communication; When a critical communication device fails, the system automatically enables backup communication equipment through a built-in redundant backup mechanism to achieve rapid recovery from the failure and continuity of communication.

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