Traction device for traumatic orthopedics first aid

Abstract

The invention provides a traction device for traumatic orthopedics first aid. The traction device comprises parallel lead screws, a locking unit and a position adjusting unit. The locking unit is formed by splicing three arc-shaped assemblies into a ring, and a base plate is driven to press limbs through linkage of a sliding block; the position adjusting unit achieves one-way self-locking of a lead screw through a spring-adjusting cylinder structure and is matched with an adjusting nut to accurately control traction force. The device has the advantages of rapid fixation, adjustable traction force, balanced pressure and the like, and is suitable for emergency treatment of crus fracture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly to a traction device for first aid in orthopedic trauma, which is especially suitable for the emergency fixation and traction of calf fractures. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the first aid treatment for lower limb fractures in clinical practice mainly relies on the combination of traditional splint fixation and manual traction, but there are significant limitations: conventional splints can only provide static fixation and cannot achieve continuous and controllable traction, resulting in easy secondary displacement of the fracture ends; most existing traction devices adopt a strap or belt design, with problems such as uncontrollable traction force and unreliable fixation, and are prone to nerve injury due to over-traction or failed reduction due to insufficient traction during operation. Although existing solutions have proposed an adjustable traction belt structure, they still rely on the operator's experience to judge the pulling force and lack a rigid support frame, making it easy to become loose during transportation. The threaded rod traction device recorded in the literature "Orthopedic Emergency Treatment Specifications" can provide stable traction, but has defects such as cumbersome adjustment, heavy volume, and inability to quickly adapt to different limb circumferences, and is difficult to meet the timeliness requirements in emergency scenarios. Especially in the treatment of pediatric fractures, existing devices generally have problems such as uneven distribution of fixation pressure and poor adaptability at joint parts, which are prone to cause skin pressure sores or vascular compression. In addition, most traction devices do not integrate a hemostasis function, and there are obvious deficiencies in the initial treatment of open fractures. These technical defects seriously restrict the efficiency and safety of trauma first aid, and there is an urgent need to develop a new type of traction device that integrates rapid fixation, precise traction, pressure balance, and portability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above-mentioned existing technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a traction device for first aid in orthopedic trauma, which can quickly and stably fix the fracture ends and achieve adjustable traction force to avoid secondary injuries.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A traction device for first aid in orthopedic trauma, comprising: Lead screws, two of which are configured as guiding components of the device; the two lead screws are arranged in parallel; Locking units, at least two of which are configured and arranged in parallel to be sleeved and fixed at the ankle and the lower side of the knee of the patient; the locking unit includes three locking components; one of the locking components is installed on the lead screw, and the other two locking components are symmetrically installed on both sides thereof; the three locking components are combined into a ring structure to be sleeved and fixed on the patient's leg; Position adjustment units, which are slidably installed on the lead screws; the locking units are installed on the lead screws through the position adjustment units; two position adjustment units are correspondingly configured for each locking unit; the distance between two adjacent locking units is adjusted through the position adjustment units and the locking units are fixed on the lead screws.

[0005] Preferably, an adjusting nut is sleeved on the lead screw; the adjusting nut abuts against one side of the position adjusting unit.

[0006] Preferably, three locking units are provided. Two of the locking units are sleeved and fixed on the upper and lower sides of the patient's knee, and the other locking unit is sleeved and fixed at the patient's ankle.

[0007] Preferably, the locking assembly includes an arc-shaped housing, an arc-shaped slider, a support plate, a swing rod, a linkage rod and a backing plate; a cavity is provided inside the arc-shaped housing, openings communicating with the cavity are provided at both ends, and an adjusting hole communicating with the cavity is provided on the outer side surface; the arc-shaped slider is slidably placed in the cavity of the arc-shaped housing; the axis of the arc-shaped slider coincides with the axis of the arc-shaped housing; both ends of the arc-shaped slider are respectively located in the two openings of the arc-shaped housing; when three locking assemblies are assembled into an annular structure, the openings of adjacent arc-shaped housings are communicated, and the ends of adjacent arc-shaped sliders are in abutting contact; the support plate is placed inside the arc-shaped slider; one end of the swing rod is fixed on the support plate, and the other end is hinged and installed on the arc-shaped housing; one end of the linkage rod is hinged and installed on the arc-shaped slider, and the other end is hinged and installed on the support plate; the backing plates are spaced apart on the side of the support plate away from the arc-shaped slider and are hinged and connected to the support plate.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of backing plates of the locking assembly are arranged in sequence along the inner side surface of the arc-shaped slider; two of the support plates, the swing rod and the linkage rod are correspondingly arranged for each backing plate.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the arc-shaped slider is smaller than the outer diameter of the cavity of the arc-shaped housing; a support block is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped slider, an adjusting block is fixedly arranged on the support block, and a positioning plate is fixedly arranged on the adjusting block; the side of the support block away from the arc-shaped slider is in sliding contact with the arc-shaped housing; the adjusting block is slidably placed in the adjusting hole; the positioning plate is located outside the arc-shaped housing; a positioning hole is provided on the positioning plate, a positioning screw is installed in the positioning hole, and a gear hole adapted to the positioning screw is provided on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped housing.

[0010] Preferably, a first connecting ear plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the outside of the arc-shaped housing, and a second connecting ear plate is fixedly arranged on the other side; a connecting block is hinged on the first connecting ear plate, and a clamping rod is fixedly arranged on the connecting block; a clamping groove adapted to the clamping rod is provided on the second connecting ear plate; the clamping rod is detachably clamped and installed in the clamping groove of the second connecting ear plate on the adjacent arc-shaped housing.

[0011] Preferably, the position adjusting unit includes a base and an adjusting component; a through hole is provided inside the base, and the adjusting component is installed in the through hole; the diameter of the through hole gradually increases from one end to the other end; the adjusting component includes an adjusting cylinder, a spring and a top plate; the axis of the adjusting cylinder coincides with the axis of the through hole; a plurality of extension slots are provided at one end of the adjusting cylinder, and the plurality of extension slots are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the adjusting cylinder; the diameter of the adjusting cylinder gradually decreases from the end near the extension slots to the other end; one end of the spring abuts against the end of the adjusting cylinder near the extension slots; the top plate is fixed on the base, and the other end of the spring abuts against the top plate; a circular hole corresponding to the adjusting cylinder is provided on the top plate; the lead screw sequentially passes through the top plate, the spring and the adjusting cylinder; the adjusting nut abuts against the top plate; the top plates of the two locking units sleeved and fixed at the ankle and the lower side of the knee of the patient are located on the side close to each other.

[0012] Preferably, the backing plate is an arc-shaped plate; a soft pad is fixedly provided on the inner side surface of the backing plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The traction device adopts a three-locking component annular splicing design. By pushing a single arc-shaped slider, the synchronous pressing of all backing plates can be realized, greatly simplifying the operation process, enabling first aid personnel to complete limb fixation in a very short time, and significantly improving the first aid efficiency. This linkage mechanism is not only convenient to operate, but also can ensure uniform pressure distribution, avoiding the local compression problem that may be caused by traditional strap fixation.

[0014] The design of the self-locking position adjusting unit is one of the core innovations of the present invention. Through the ingenious cooperation of the spring-adjusting cylinder structure, the one-way locking function of the traction force is realized. This design ensures that the traction force can be continuously and stably maintained during the first aid transfer process, without the need for medical staff to repeatedly adjust, effectively preventing the secondary displacement of the fracture end caused by the attenuation of the traction force, and creating favorable conditions for subsequent professional treatment.

[0015] In terms of safety and comfort, the device adopts an innovative design of multiple arc-shaped backing plates with soft linings, significantly increasing the contact area with the patient's limb and making the pressure distribution more uniform. This design not only improves the fixation effect, but also can effectively reduce the risk of skin pressure injury common in traditional rigid fixation devices, especially suitable for the use requirements during long-term transfer.

[0016] The adaptability of the device is prominently manifested in its modular design. By increasing or decreasing the number of locking units, it can be flexibly adapted to different limb parts and patient body types, including the special needs of adults and children. This design greatly expands the application range of the device, enabling it to cope with diverse clinical first aid scenarios.

[0017] In response to the first-aid needs of open fractures, the present invention innovatively combines the functions of fixation and hemostasis. Through the design of a pressure-adjustable backing plate, while fixing the fracture, an appropriate pressure can be applied to the wound to achieve the effect of assisting hemostasis, thus gaining valuable time for subsequent treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking unit of the present invention in an open state; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking unit of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention with the arc-shaped housing removed; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic exploded structural diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc-shaped slider of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the position adjustment unit of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the position adjustment unit of the present invention with the base removed.

[0019] Wherein: 1, lead screw; 2, adjusting nut; 3, position adjustment unit; 31, base; 32, top plate; 33, adjusting cylinder; 34, through hole; 35, extension groove; 36, spring; 4, locking unit; 41, locking assembly; 411, swing rod; 412, support plate; 413, arc-shaped housing; 414, connecting rod; 415, backing plate; 416, arc-shaped slider; 417, first connecting ear plate; 418, connecting block; 419, second connecting ear plate; 420, adjusting hole; 421, gear hole; 422, positioning screw; 423, positioning plate; 424, opening; 425, support block; 426, adjusting block; 427, card slot; 428, clamping rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, a traction device for first aid in orthopedic traumatology includes: There are two lead screws 1 configured as guiding components of the device; the two lead screws 1 are arranged in parallel; during use, the two lead screws 1 are located on both sides under the patient's calf. There are at least two locking units 4 arranged in parallel to be sleeved and fixed at the patient's ankle and the lower side of the knee; the locking unit 4 includes three locking components 41; one of the locking components 41 is installed on the lead screw 1, and the other two locking components 41 are symmetrically installed on both sides thereof; the three locking components 41 are combined into an annular structure to be sleeved and fixed on the patient's leg. The position adjustment unit 3 is slidably installed on the lead screw 1; the locking unit 4 is installed on the lead screw 1 through the position adjustment unit 3; each locking unit 4 is correspondingly configured with two position adjustment units 3; the distance between two adjacent locking units 4 is adjusted through the position adjustment unit 3 and the locking unit 4 is fixed on the lead screw 1.

[0022] During use, the locking unit 4 is opened, the patient's calf is placed in the locking unit 4, the locking components 41 are combined into an annular structure to fix the patient's leg, one of the locking units 4 is fixed at the lower side of the knee, and the other locking unit 4 is fixed at the ankle; the two locking units 4 and the lead screw 1 act as splints to fix the patient's calf; the position of the locking unit 4 on the lead screw 1 is adjusted through the position adjustment unit 3 to realize the distance between the two locking units 4. When the distance between the two locking units 4 increases, the traction force on the patient's calf fracture is stronger.

[0023] In this embodiment, an adjusting nut 2 is sleeved and installed on the lead screw 1; the adjusting nut 2 abuts against one side of the position adjustment unit 3 to fix the position adjustment unit 3 on the lead screw 1, so that the distance between the two locking units 4 is kept fixed to realize the maintenance of the traction force; at the same time, by rotating the adjusting nut 2, the position adjustment unit 3 can be pushed to move on the lead screw 1 to realize the position adjustment of the locking unit 4.

[0024] In this embodiment, there are three locking units 4, two of which are sleeved and fixed on the upper and lower sides of the patient's knee, and the other locking unit 4 is sleeved and fixed at the patient's ankle. The three locking units 4 keep the patient's calf and thigh fixed in a straight state, reducing the pain when the patient bends the leg, and are applicable to young children, etc.

[0025] In this embodiment, the locking assembly 41 includes an arc-shaped housing 413, an arc-shaped slider 416, a support plate 412, a swing rod 411, a linkage rod 414, and a backing plate 415. A cavity is provided inside the arc-shaped housing 413, openings 424 communicating with the cavity are provided at both ends, and an adjustment hole 420 communicating with the cavity is provided on the outer side surface. The arc-shaped slider 416 is slidably disposed in the cavity of the arc-shaped housing 413. The axis of the arc-shaped slider 416 coincides with the axis of the arc-shaped housing 413. Both ends of the arc-shaped slider 416 are respectively located in the two openings 424 of the arc-shaped housing 413. When the three locking assemblies 41 are assembled into an annular structure, the openings 424 of two adjacent arc-shaped housings 413 communicate with each other, and the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped sliders 416 are in abutting contact. The support plate 412 is disposed inside the arc-shaped slider 416. One end of the swing rod 411 is fixed to the support plate 412, and the other end is hinged to the arc-shaped housing 413. One end of the linkage rod 414 is hinged to the arc-shaped slider 416, and the other end is hinged to the support plate 412. The backing plates 415 are spaced apart and disposed on the side of the support plate 412 away from the arc-shaped slider 416 and are hingedly connected to the support plate 412. When the three locking assemblies 41 are assembled into an annular structure and fixed to the outer side of the patient's leg, by pushing one of the arc-shaped sliders 416 to slide in the cavity of the corresponding arc-shaped housing 413, one end of this arc-shaped slider 416 will slide into the cavity of the arc-shaped housing 413 of the adjacent locking assembly 41, and the arc-shaped slider 416 of the adjacent locking assembly 41 is pushed to move synchronously, so that the arc-shaped sliders 416 of the three locking assemblies 41 move synchronously. When the arc-shaped slider 416 moves, the linkage rod 414 pushes the support plate 412 to deflect around the axis of the hinge joint between the swing rod 411 and the arc-shaped housing 413, so that the backing plate 415 moves towards or away from the axis direction of the arc-shaped housing 413. When the backing plate 415 moves towards the axis direction of the arc-shaped housing 413, the backing plate 415 presses on the patient's leg, so that the locking unit 4 is firmly fixed on the patient's leg.

[0026] In this embodiment, a plurality of backing plates 415 of the locking assembly 41 are arranged in sequence along the inner side surface of the arc-shaped slider 416. Two support plates 412, swing rods 411, and linkage rods 414 are correspondingly configured for each backing plate 415. Each locking unit 4 is configured with a plurality of backing plates 415, which increases the contact area between the backing plates 415 and the patient's leg skin. By squeezing the patient's leg with the backing plates 415, it plays a role in assisting hemostasis.

[0027] In this embodiment, the diameter of the arc-shaped slider is smaller than the outer diameter of the cavity of the arc-shaped housing 413, enabling the arc-shaped slider to more easily slide into the cavity of the adjacent arc-shaped housing 413 and avoiding the problem that the arc-shaped slider is stuck and unable to slide into the cavity of the adjacent arc-shaped housing 413 due to fitting accuracy issues; a support block 425 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped slider, an adjustment block 426 is fixedly arranged on the support block 425, and a positioning plate 423 is fixedly arranged on the adjustment block 426; the side of the support block 425 away from the arc-shaped slider is in sliding contact with the arc-shaped housing 413; the adjustment block 426 is slidably placed in the adjustment hole 420; the positioning plate 423 is located outside the arc-shaped housing 413; a positioning hole is arranged on the positioning plate 423, and a positioning screw 422 is installed in the positioning hole, and a gear hole 421 adapted to the positioning screw 422 is arranged on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped housing 413. Screwing the positioning screw 422 into the gear hole 421 can fix the arc-shaped slider at the target position inside the arc-shaped housing 413 to achieve locking.

[0028] In this embodiment, a first connecting ear plate 417 is fixedly arranged on one outer side of the arc-shaped housing 413, and a second connecting ear plate 419 is fixedly arranged on the other side; a connecting block 418 is hinged on the first connecting ear plate 417, and a clamping rod 428 is fixedly arranged on the connecting block 418; a clamping groove 427 adapted to the clamping rod 428 is arranged on the second connecting ear plate 419; the clamping rod 428 is detachably clamped and installed in the clamping groove 427 of the second connecting ear plate 419 on the adjacent arc-shaped housing 413. Picking out the clamping rod 428 from the clamping groove 427 can open the two arc-shaped housings 413 connected here, facilitating the insertion or removal of the patient's leg.

[0029] In this embodiment, the position adjusting unit 3 includes a base 31 and an adjusting assembly; a through hole 34 is provided inside the base 31, and the adjusting assembly is installed in the through hole 34; the diameter of the through hole 34 gradually increases from one end to the other end; the adjusting assembly includes an adjusting cylinder 33, a spring 36, and a top plate 32; the axis of the adjusting cylinder 33 coincides with the axis of the through hole 34; one end of the adjusting cylinder 33 is provided with a plurality of extension slots 35, and the plurality of extension slots 35 are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the adjusting cylinder 33; the diameter of the adjusting cylinder 33 gradually decreases from the end near the extension slots 35 to the other end; one end of the spring 36 abuts against the end of the adjusting cylinder 33 near the extension slots 35; the top plate 32 is fixed on the base 31, and the other end of the spring 36 abuts against the top plate 32; a round hole corresponding to the adjusting cylinder 33 is provided on the top plate 32; the lead screw 1 sequentially passes through the top plate 32, the spring 36, and the adjusting cylinder 33; the spring 36 pushes the adjusting cylinder 33 into the through hole 34 of the base 31, and one end of the adjusting cylinder 33 at the extension slots 35 is subjected to a force in the direction of the axis of the through hole 34, causing the adjusting cylinder 33 to contract inward at this place, clamping the lead screw 1 inside the adjusting cylinder 33, so that the position adjusting unit 3 is fixed on the lead screw 1. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the position adjusting unit 3 on the lead screw 1, it is necessary to push the end of the adjusting cylinder 33 away from the spring 36 in the direction close to the spring 36, so that the section of the adjusting cylinder 33 at the extension slots 35 returns to its original state, releasing the clamping of the lead screw 1, so that the adjusting cylinder 33 can slide freely on the lead screw 1. When the lead screw 1 is pulled in the direction towards the spring 36 without manually pressing the adjusting cylinder 33, the adjusting cylinder 33 slides in the direction of the spring 36 following the lead screw 1, the spring 36 is compressed, the clamping force of the adjusting cylinder 33 on the lead screw 1 is reduced, and the lead screw 1 can move smoothly in the direction of the spring 36. The adjusting nut 2 abuts against the top plate 32; the top plates 32 of the two locking units 4 sleeved and fixed at the ankle and the lower side of the knee of the patient are located on one side close to each other, so that after the two locking units 4 are fixed on the patient's leg, they can only slide freely in the direction of increasing the distance between the two locking units 4 and cannot slide in the reverse direction, ensuring that the traction force will not decrease. When it is necessary to reduce the traction force, only the adjusting cylinder 33 needs to be pressed in the direction close to the spring 36.

[0030] In this embodiment, the cushion plate 415 is an arc-shaped plate; a soft pad is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the cushion plate 415 to improve the comfort at the contact with the patient's skin.

[0031] Usage method Deployment device: Place the two lead screws 1 parallel under the patient's calf, and open the clamping rod 428 of the locking unit 4.

[0032] Fix the limb: Socket the locking units 4 at the lower side of the knee and the ankle on the leg, and assemble the three arc-shaped shells 413 to form a circular fixation.

[0033] Push any arc-shaped slider 416, and drive all backing plates 415 to tightly press the limb synchronously through the linkage rod 414.

[0034] Adjust the traction force: Rotate the adjusting nut 2 to push the position adjusting unit 3, and increase the distance between the two locking units 4 to apply the traction force.

[0035] The spring 36-adjusting cylinder 33 structure automatically locks the lead screw 1 to prevent the traction force from retreating.

[0036] Emergency release: Press the adjusting cylinder 33 to quickly release the lock and adjust or remove the device.

Claims

1. A traction device for first aid in orthopaedics for trauma, characterized in that, Including: Two lead screws (1) configured as guiding components of the device; The two lead screws (1) are arranged in parallel; At least two locking units (4) are configured and arranged in parallel with each other for sleeving and fixing at the ankle and the lower side of the knee of the patient; the locking unit (4) includes three locking components (41); one of the locking components (41) is installed on the lead screw (1), and the other two locking components (41) are symmetrically installed on both sides thereof; the three locking components (41) are assembled into an annular structure for sleeving and fixing on the patient's leg; The position adjustment unit (3) is slidably installed on the lead screw (1); the locking unit (4) is installed on the lead screw (1) through the position adjustment unit (3); two position adjustment units (3) are correspondingly configured for each locking unit (4); the distance between two adjacent locking units (4) is adjusted through the position adjustment unit (3) and the locking unit (4) is fixed on the lead screw (1).

2. The traction device for first aid in orthopaedic trauma as claimed in claim 1, wherein, An adjusting nut (2) is sleeved and installed on the lead screw (1); the adjusting nut (2) abuts against one side of the position adjustment unit (3).

3. The traction device for first aid in orthopaedic trauma according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Three locking units (4) are configured, two of the locking units (4) are sleeved and fixed on the upper and lower sides of the patient's knee, and the other locking unit (4) is sleeved and fixed at the patient's ankle.

4. The traction device for first aid in orthopaedic trauma according to claim 1, wherein The locking component (41) includes an arc-shaped housing (413), an arc-shaped slider (416), a support plate (412), a swing rod (411), a linkage rod (414) and a backing plate (415); a cavity is provided inside the arc-shaped housing (413), openings (424) communicating with the cavity are provided at both ends, and an adjustment hole (420) communicating with the cavity is provided on the outer side surface; the arc-shaped slider (416) is slidably placed in the cavity of the arc-shaped housing (413); the axis of the arc-shaped slider (416) coincides with the axis of the arc-shaped housing (413); both ends of the arc-shaped slider (416) are respectively located in the two openings (424) of the arc-shaped housing (413); when the three locking components (41) are assembled into an annular structure, the openings (424) of two adjacent arc-shaped housings (413) are communicated, and the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped sliders (416) are in abutting contact; the support plate (412) is placed inside the arc-shaped slider (416); one end of the swing rod (411) is fixed on the support plate (412), and the other end is hinged and installed on the arc-shaped housing (413); one end of the linkage rod (414) is hinged and installed on the arc-shaped slider (416), and the other end is hinged and installed on the support plate (412); the backing plates (415) are spaced and placed on the side of the support plate (412) away from the arc-shaped slider (416) and are hingedly connected to the support plate (412).

5. The traction device for trauma orthopedic first aid according to claim 4, wherein A plurality of backing plates (415) of the locking component (41) are configured and arranged in sequence along the inner side surface of the arc-shaped slider (416); two of the support plates (412), swing rods (411) and linkage rods (414) are correspondingly configured for each backing plate (415).

6. The traction device for first aid in orthopaedic trauma according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the arc-shaped slider is smaller than the outer diameter of the cavity of the arc-shaped housing (413); a support block (425) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped slider, an adjustment block (426) is fixedly arranged on the support block (425), and a positioning plate (423) is fixedly arranged on the adjustment block (426); one side of the support block (425) far away from the arc-shaped slider is in sliding contact with the arc-shaped housing (413); the adjustment block (426) is slidably placed in the adjustment hole (420); the positioning plate (423) is located outside the arc-shaped housing (413); a positioning hole is arranged on the positioning plate (423), a positioning screw (422) is installed in the positioning hole, and a gear hole (421) adapted to the positioning screw (422) is arranged on the outer side surface of the arc-shaped housing (413).

7. The traction device for first aid in orthopaedic trauma according to claim 4, wherein, A first connecting ear plate (417) is fixedly arranged on one outer side of the arc-shaped housing (413), and a second connecting ear plate (419) is fixedly arranged on the other side; a connecting block (418) is hinged on the first connecting ear plate (417), and a clamping rod (428) is fixedly arranged on the connecting block (418); a clamping groove (427) adapted to the clamping rod (428) is arranged on the second connecting ear plate (419); the clamping rod (428) is detachably clamped and installed in the clamping groove (427) of the second connecting ear plate (419) on the adjacent arc-shaped housing (413).

8. The traction device for trauma orthopedic emergency according to claim 2, wherein, The position adjusting unit (3) includes a base (31) and an adjusting assembly; a through hole (34) is arranged inside the base (31), and the adjusting assembly is installed in the through hole (34); the diameter of the through hole (34) gradually increases from one end to the other end; the adjusting assembly includes an adjusting cylinder (33), a spring (36) and a top plate (32); the axis of the adjusting cylinder (33) coincides with the axis of the through hole (34); a plurality of extension grooves (35) are arranged at one end of the adjusting cylinder (33), and the plurality of extension grooves (35) are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the adjusting cylinder (33); the diameter of the adjusting cylinder (33) gradually decreases from the end close to the extension grooves (35) to the other end; one end of the spring (36) abuts against one end of the adjusting cylinder (33) close to the extension grooves (35); the top plate (32) is fixed on the base (31), and the other end of the spring (36) abuts against the top plate (32); a round hole corresponding to the adjusting cylinder (33) is arranged on the top plate (32); the lead screw (1) sequentially passes through the top plate (32), the spring (36) and the adjusting cylinder (33); the adjusting nut (2) abuts against the top plate (32); the top plates (32) of the two locking units (4) sleeved and fixed at the ankle and the lower side of the knee of the patient are located on the side close to each other.

9. The traction device for first aid in orthopaedic trauma as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The cushion plate (415) is an arc-shaped plate; a soft pad is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the cushion plate (415).

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