Mirror symmetry correlation receiving radiation metasurface and polarization and complex amplitude regulation and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mirror symmetry correlation receiving radiation metasurface and a polarization and complex amplitude regulation and control method thereof. The polarization state of the receiving and radiating end of the metasurface and the complex amplitude regulation and control method from any polarized wave to any polarized wave are regulated and controlled by controlling the in-plane mirror symmetry of the receiving and radiating metasurface patch structure. The polarization and complex amplitude regulation and control method is realized by a receiving and radiating metasurface, the metasurface structure is composed of five layers of metal and four layers of dielectric substrates, and the total thickness is about 0.086 lambda. Wherein the first-layer structure and the fifth-layer structure consist of circular rings with two pairs of arc-shaped grooves etched at the edges and C-shaped grooves etched at the centers; the relative rotation angle of the C-shaped groove and the arc-shaped groove is changed to control the elliptical angle of electromagnetic waves, the overall rotation angle of the C-shaped groove and the arc-shaped groove controls the polarization angle of the electromagnetic waves, and the opening size of the C-shaped groove is used for regulating the transmission amplitude; the transmission phase is regulated by changing the length of the third-layer transmission line; meanwhile, the four layers of dielectric plates are used for isolating radiation and receiving modes. The metasurface and the method have the ultra-thin characteristic and the ultra-high pixel resolution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic metasurfaces, and particularly relates to a mirror-symmetry-related receiving and radiating metasurface and a method for polarization and complex amplitude regulation thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an electromagnetic degree of freedom, polarization can make full use of the interaction between light and matter to explore the physical world. For example, a polarization camera can use polarization characteristics to help reveal features that are originally invisible to the naked eye. In addition, the polarization degree of freedom can be used to implement physical-level information encryption to ensure the security of electromagnetic information transmission, and is used in scenarios such as covert communication and electromagnetic anti-interference. However, the existing single-layer metasurfaces are limited by losslessness and symmetry, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve the regulation of amplitude, phase, and polarization. In addition, the existing polarization manipulation methods are single in form and have fewer degrees of freedom, making it difficult to meet the application scenarios such as variable polarization high-quality information communication and variable polarization beamforming.

[0003] Generally, the metasurface unit based on bi-phase can only achieve two-degree-of-freedom regulation, such as the amplitude and phase of some channels, or polarization and phase, and it is difficult to simultaneously regulate polarization and complex amplitude. Recently, the strategy of jointly superimposing three phases, namely the detour phase, the transmission phase, and the geometric phase, on multiple atoms can decouple amplitude, phase, and polarization, but this will cause the pixel to increase (usually 2p), reduce the resolution, and requires the use of neural networks to solve, making the design process relatively complex. In addition, the coupling between multiple metasurface units cannot be ignored, and the interference between atoms will generate unnecessary resonances, narrowing the working bandwidth. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new polarization and complex amplitude regulation mechanism to meet high-resolution imaging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention discloses a mirror-symmetry-related receiving and radiating metasurface, and the mirror-symmetry-related receiving and radiating metasurface includes a plurality of metasurface units;

[0005] The metasurface unit includes five metal layers and four dielectric substrates; the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer are used as the receiving patch and the radiating patch respectively, and the third metal layer is a transmission line; the four dielectric substrates are sequentially arranged between the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer;

[0006] The metal patches for receiving and radiating are connected to the transmission line through metallized vias; the receiving patch and the radiating patch have the same structural shape except for the C-shaped groove, and are both circular patches including a C-shaped groove and two pairs of arc-shaped grooves; the first pair of arc-shaped grooves is arranged at the edge of the circular patch, and the outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the circular patch; the second pair of arc-shaped grooves is arranged inside the circular patch;

[0007] The elliptical angle of electromagnetic waves is controlled by changing the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped slot and the arc-shaped slot, and the polarization angle of electromagnetic waves is controlled by the overall rotation angle of the two. The opening size of the C-shaped slot is used to regulate the transmission amplitude; the transmission phase is regulated by changing the length of the third-layer transmission line; the second metal layer and the fourth metal layer are composed of a metal floor etched with slot holes with a diameter of 0.4 mm and are used as a backplane to isolate the radiation and reception modes, and the third metal layer is used to change the length of the transmission line to accumulate the phase in the transmission mode.

[0008] Further, the structure and size of the metal patch for reception and radiation are as follows:

[0009] The inner spacing between two pairs of arc-shaped slots is fixed at 180°, and the spacing between the two pairs of arc-shaped slots is fixed at 90°; the first pair of arc-shaped slots is arranged at the edge of the circular patch, and the outer diameter is the same as that of the circular patch, r5 = 4 mm, the inner diameter is r6 = 3 mm, and the arc angle is α2 = 40°; the second pair of arc-shaped slots is arranged inside the circular patch, the outer diameter is r4 = 3.45 mm, the inner diameter is r3 = 2.8 mm, and the arc angle is α1 = 40°.

[0010] The inner radii of the C-shaped slots in the first layer and the fifth layer are r1 and r7 respectively, and the opening sizes of the C-shaped slots are w1 = r1 / ratio and w2 = r7 / 3 respectively, where ratio is the diameter-width ratio of the C-shaped slot in the first metal layer; the outer radii of the C-shaped slots in the first layer and the fifth layer are both r2 = 3 mm.

[0011] Further, the structure and size of the transmission line are as follows:

[0012] The transmission line adopts a rectangular strip structure with a width of w3 = 0.2 mm and a total length of l; the starting position and the ending position of the transmission line correspond to the centers of the C-shaped slots of the first-layer and fifth-layer patches respectively, and are connected to the first-layer and fifth-layer patches through metallized vias. The phase of the center of the C-shaped slot of the first-layer patch is at the upper left position (l x , l y ) relative to the unit center, and the phase of the center of the C-shaped slot of the fifth-layer patch is at the lower right position (-l x , -l y ) relative to the unit center;

[0013] Among them, the transmission line includes the first to seventh transmission lines connected end to end. The starting point of the first transmission line is a metal via connected to the fifth metal layer and extends along the y+ direction, the second transmission line extends along the x+ direction, the third transmission line extends along the y- direction, the fourth transmission line extends along the x- direction, the fifth transmission line extends along the y+ direction, the sixth transmission line extends along the x+ direction, and the seventh transmission line extends along the y- direction, and the ending point is a metal via connected to the first metal layer;

[0014] The length of the first transmission line \(l1 = u1 + via\times2\), the length of the second transmission line \(l2 = u1\times4+via\), the length of the third transmission line \(l3 = u1\times5 + via\times2\), the length of the fourth transmission line \(l4 = u1\times8+via\times4.5\), the length of the fifth transmission line \(l5 = u1\times8+via\times4.5\), the length of the sixth transmission line \(l6 = u1\times4+via\times0.5\), the length of the seventh transmission line \(l7 = u1\times4 - via\times0.5\); the diameter of the metallized via \(via = 0.2mm\), and \(u1\) is the extension line variable.

[0015] A polarization and complex amplitude modulation method based on a mirror-symmetric related receiving and radiating metasurface is also provided. The polarization and complex amplitude modulation method includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, design a metasurface unit structure for efficient receiving and radiation with handedness selection to achieve efficient receiving with handedness selection and orthogonal polarization reflection;

[0017] Step 2, change the symmetry of the radiation / receiving unit structure by changing the relative rotation angle between the arc slot and the C-shaped slot, and regulate the eigen polarization state in the receiving and radiation modes through symmetry;

[0018] Step 3, regulate the transmission amplitude by regulating the size of the middle C-shaped slot in the receiving and radiating structures, and establish the relationship between the transmission amplitude and the transmission connection size;

[0019] Step 4, control the phase delay of the transmission mode by regulating the length of the third-layer transmission line, and establish the relationship between the transmission line length and the phase delay;

[0020] Step 5, determine the polarization, amplitude and phase distribution according to the realized electromagnetic function, and calculate the geometric dimensions of each unit.

[0021] Further, in step 1, the metasurface unit includes five metal layers and four dielectric substrates; the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer serve as the receiving patch and the radiating patch respectively, and the third metal layer is the transmission line; the four dielectric substrates are sequentially arranged between the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer;

[0022] The metal patches for receiving and radiation are interconnected with the transmission line through metallized vias; the receiving patch and the radiating patch have the same structural shape except for the C-shaped slot, and are both circular patches including a C-shaped slot and two pairs of arc slots; the first pair of arc slots is arranged at the edge of the circular patch, and the outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the circular patch; the second pair of arc slots is arranged inside the circular patch;

[0023] The transmission line is used to connect the receiving patch and the radiating patch, and the metal length of the transmission line is set by accumulating the phase in the transmission mode.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 2, the manipulation of the intrinsic polarization state can be divided into the manipulation of the elliptic angle and the polarization angle:

[0025] The relationship between the polarization angle and the rotation angle is: ψ = θ, where ψ is the polarization angle and θ is the rotation angle; and the regulation of the elliptic angle includes:

[0026] For the linear polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 0°, 90°, 180°, or 270°;

[0027] For the left-handed circular polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 45° or 225°;

[0028] For the left-handed elliptical polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 0 - 45°, 45 - 90°, 180 - 225°, or 225 - 270°;

[0029] For the right-handed elliptical polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 90 - 135°, 135 - 180°, 270 - 315°, or 315 - 360°;

[0030] For the right-handed circular polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 135° or 315°.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 3, the dimensions of the C-shaped groove for adjustment include the inner radii r1 and r7 of the C-shaped grooves in the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer, and the opening dimensions w1 = r1 / ratio and w2 = r7 / 3 of the C-shaped grooves in the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer, where ratio is the diameter-width ratio of the C-shaped groove in the first metal layer.

[0032] Furthermore, in step 3, by using CST Microwave Studio to scan the inner radius r1 of the C-shaped groove in the first metal layer, the inner radius r7 of the C-shaped groove in the fifth metal layer, and ratio, and constructing a correspondence table of the metasurface units with different transmission amplitudes; selecting the approximate values of the inner radius r1 of the C-shaped groove in the first metal layer, the inner radius r7 of the C-shaped groove in the fifth metal layer, and ratio according to the transmission amplitude.

[0033] Furthermore, in step 4, use CST Microwave Studio to scan the extension line variable u1 to obtain the phase relationship between the transmission line length and the target polarization channel at different u1 values;

[0034] Select different values of u1 according to different requirements of transmission phase delay, and calculate the first transmission line length l1 = u1 + via * 2, the second transmission line length l2 = u1 * 4 + via, the third transmission line length l3 = u1 * 5 + via * 2, the fourth transmission line length l4 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, the fifth transmission line length l5 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, the sixth transmission line length l6 = u1 * 4 + via * 0.5, and the seventh transmission line length l7 = u1 * 4 - via * 0.5; the diameter of the metallized via is via = 0.2 mm.

[0035] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0036] Compared with the existing polarization manipulation metasurface units, the present invention provides more degrees of freedom to regulate polarization, amplitude, and phase. Most polarization manipulation platforms are limited to phase and polarization, or have a low polarization conversion rate. Currently, a multi-phase superposition decoupling amplitude-phase regulation method is used to achieve the conversion from any polarization to any polarization, and the relative bandwidth is relatively narrow. In contrast, the present invention provides a method for regulating amplitude, phase, and polarization isolation, which is simple and easy to operate and is not subject to the inherent constraints between the incident polarization state and the outgoing polarization state.

[0037] Compared with the transmissive metasurfaces of transmission phase and geometric phase, the method provided by the present invention finally realizes flexible regulation of amplitude, phase, and polarization. In addition, compared with the method of improving the transmittance through multi-layer resonance in the microwave band, the receiving and re-radiating method provided by the present invention has, on the one hand, a higher transmittance (the highest is greater than 0.96); on the other hand, the method provided by the present invention has an ultra-thin thickness (less than 0.086λ). The present invention does not need to balance the transmission amplitude and phase conditions, and the transmission phase coverage range can easily achieve 2π.

[0038] Compared with the existing multi-atom metasurfaces (multiple metasurfaces form a supercell), the method provided by the present invention can realize independent regulation of polarization, amplitude, and phase only by using a single metasurface unit, with higher resolution. The multi-atom metasurface realizes the phase regulation of the orthogonal polarization channels by rotating and moving the unit positions in the supercell, and needs to superimpose and decouple the amplitude-phase relationship through multiple phase mechanisms such as geometric phase and detour phase. There are two problems with the traditional metasurface for amplitude control methods. On the one hand, due to non-destructiveness, multiple units interfere in the far field to control the amplitude ratio of two orthogonal polarization channels, which is complementary, that is, the amplitudes between the orthogonal polarization channels are mutually locked; on the other hand, the interference effect of multiple units will inevitably introduce multi-order resonance modes, affecting the working bandwidth and showing non-uniform polarization characteristics in the near field, while the method provided by the present invention can perfectly avoid these problems. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1Schematic diagram of an efficient arbitrary amplitude, phase, and polarization conversion device for receiving radiation; (a) overall structure of the metasurface; (b) top unit diagram of the metasurface; (c) transmission line dimensions, where l1 = u1 + via * 2, l2 = u1 * 4 + via, l3 = u1 * 5 + via * 2, l4 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, l5 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, l6 = u1 * 4 + via * 0.5, l7 = u1 * 4 - via * 0.5; (d) bottom structure of the metasurface unit.

[0040] Figure 2 (a) Surface current of the metasurface unit in the linearly polarized, (b) right - hand elliptically polarized, and (c) right - hand circularly polarized states.

[0041] Figure 3 Relationship between the symmetry of the metasurface structure for receiving radiation and its eigen - polarization states; (a - l) Amplitude distributions of the left - hand and right - hand circularly polarized states radiated by the metasurface when α3 ranges from - 135° to 30° at intervals of 15°.

[0042] Figure 4 Relationship between the phase difference between the left - hand and right - hand circularly polarized channels of different eigen - polarization radiation patches and the rotation angle; (a - p) Phase differences between the left - hand and right - hand channels at rotation angles of 0°, 60°, and 120° when α3 ranges from 0° to 90° at intervals of 12.5°.

[0043] Figure 5 Reflection amplitude and phase corresponding to different sizes of C - shaped slots; (a) and (b) Reflection amplitude and phase of the forward - transmission LR channel; (c) and (d) Reflection amplitude and phase of the forward - transmission RL channel; (e) and (f) Transmission amplitude and phase of the forward - transmission RR channel.

[0044] Figure 6 Amplitude and phase distributions for different u1 values in the dual - circularly polarized channels; (a) and (b) Reflection amplitude and phase of the forward - transmission RL channel; (c) and (d) Reflection amplitude and phase of the reverse - transmission LR channel; (e) and (f) Transmission amplitude and phase of the forward - transmission RR channel; where the parameters are r1 = r7 = 3.2 mm, ratio = 3.

[0045] Figure 7 Amplitude and phase distributions of the designed holographic metasurface; (a) Target holographic image; (b) Phase and (c) Amplitude distributions; (d) Numerically simulated holographic image.

[0046] Figure 8 Holographic metasurface from the right - hand circularly polarized channel to the x - polarized channel; (a) Holographic metasurface simulation model; (b) Electric field intensity distributions in the x - polarized channel and (c) y - polarized channel.

[0047] Figure 9Schematic diagram of a receiving and radiating metasurface related to mirror symmetry and its polarization and complex amplitude regulation principle. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer with the description. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions can be made to the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and substitutions all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] The present invention proposes a receiving and radiating metasurface related to mirror symmetry and its polarization and complex amplitude regulation method. Different from the conventional method of realizing arbitrary polarization by decoupling the amplitude, phase, and polarization of orthogonal polarizations, the present invention realizes independent regulation of amplitude, phase, and polarization based on a radiating and receiving metasurface. For the first time, a new method for regulating amplitude, phase, and polarization is proposed according to the structure and intrinsic polarization relationship of the metasurface, realizing the conversion and regulation between any polarization channels. This method is not restricted by the chirality flip between the incident polarization and the outgoing polarization state of a single-layer metasurface. Utilizing the selective transmission and selective radiation characteristics of the metasurface, the transmission mode is mainly determined by the working polarization state of the radiation patch.

[0050] Taking the handedness-selective metasurface as an example, the present invention designs a super device for verification, with holographic images having circular polarization and linear polarization as the intrinsic polarizations respectively. Taking the right-handed circular polarization receiving patch and the 45° linear polarization patch as examples. When a right-handed circular polarization wave is incident on the metasurface from the front, the right-handed circular polarization wave is received by the top layer patch, and through the intermediate phase delay line, it is transmitted to the bottom layer radiation patch to radiate a linearly polarized wave, and a high-quality holographic image is formed in the transmission space.

[0051] Specifically, the receiving and radiating metasurface related to mirror symmetry includes a plurality of metasurface units; each metasurface unit is composed of five layers of metal and four layers of dielectric substrates, with a total thickness of about 0.086λ, where λ is the incident wavelength. The four layers of dielectric substrates are sequentially arranged between the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer, as Figure 1 shown. Figure 1In (a), the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer serve as the receiving and radiating patches respectively. By changing the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped slot and the arc-shaped slot, the elliptical angle of the electromagnetic wave is controlled, and the overall rotation angle of the two is used to control the polarization angle of the electromagnetic wave. The opening size of the C-shaped slot is used to regulate the transmission amplitude; changing the length of the third-layer transmission line regulates the transmission phase; the second metal layer and the fourth metal layer are composed of a metal floor with etched holes with a diameter of 0.4 mm and serve as the backplane to isolate the radiation and receiving modes, and the third metal layer is used to change the length of the transmission line to accumulate the phase in the transmission mode. The metal patch on the first layer is connected to one end of the metal phase delay line on the third layer through the upper metallized vias, and the other end is connected to the metal patch on the fifth layer through the lower metallized vias. Four dielectric substrates are sequentially arranged between the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer. The first dielectric layer and the fourth dielectric layer use F4B dielectric substrates, with a dielectric constant and a loss tangent angle of 2.65 and 0.001 respectively, and a thickness h1 = 2 mm. The second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer use F4BM220, with a thickness h2 = 0.2 mm. The metal layers all use copper, with a thickness u = 0.035 mm.

[0052] The receiving patch of the first metal layer and the radiating patch of the fifth metal layer have similar structural shapes, mainly composed of a circular ring with two pairs of arc-shaped slots etched on the edge and a C-shaped slot etched in the middle. The relative angle between the C-shaped slot in the middle and the arc-shaped slots on the edge can form different symmetry structures, which will directly affect the working polarization modes of the receiving end and the radiating end. The relative rotation angles α3(α4) between the C-shaped slot and the arc-shaped slots and the overall rotation angles θ1(θ2) of the unit realize flexible regulation of the eigen polarization state. Among them, θ1(θ2) is defined as the angle between the C-shaped opening slot of the receiving (radiating) patch and the x-axis, and the clockwise angle is positive; α3(α4) is defined as the angle between the arc-shaped slot and the C-shaped opening slot, and the clockwise angle is positive.

[0053] The inner interval between the two pairs of arc-shaped slots is fixed at 180°, and the interval between the two pairs of arc-shaped slots is fixed at 90°; the first pair of arc-shaped slots is set on the edge of the circular patch, with an outer diameter the same as that of the circular patch, which is r5, an inner diameter of r6, and an arc angle of α2; the second pair of arc-shaped slots is set inside the circular patch, with an outer diameter of r4, an inner diameter of r3, and an arc angle of α1. The first layer and the fifth layer patches have the same parameters except for the independent rotation angles and sizes of the C-shaped slots. The inner radii of the C-shaped slots of the first layer and the fifth layer are r1 and r7 respectively, and the opening sizes of the C-shaped slots are w1 = r1 / ratio and w2 = r7 / 3 respectively, where ratio is the diameter-width ratio of the C-shaped slot in the first metal layer. The outer radii of the C-shaped slots of the first layer and the fifth layer are both r2 (r2 = 3 mm), and the outer diameters of the circular rings are both r5 (r5 = 4 mm). The arc angles of the two pairs of arc-shaped slots on the outer ring are α1 = α2 = 40°, and the radii of the arc-shaped slots are r3 = 2.8 mm, r4 = 3.45 mm, and r6 = 3 mm.

[0054] The receiving and radiating metal patch is interconnected with the transmission line through metallized vias to ensure the radiation pattern. The transmission line adopts a rectangular strip structure with a width of w3 = 0.2 mm and a total length of l. The starting and ending positions of the transmission line correspond to the centers of the C-shaped slots of the first and fifth layer patches respectively, and are connected to the first and fifth layer patches through metallized vias, as shown in Figure 1 (c); the phase of the center of the C-shaped slot of the first layer patch is at the upper left position (l x , l y ) with respect to the unit center, that is, (l x , l y ) = (0.5 mm, 0.5 mm), and the phase of the center of the C-shaped slot of the fifth layer patch is at the lower right position with respect to the unit center, that is, (-l x , -l y ) = (-0.5 mm, -0.5 mm).

[0055] Among them, it includes the first to seventh transmission lines connected end to end. The starting point of the first transmission line is a metallized via connected to the fifth metal layer, extending along the y+ direction, the second transmission line extends along the x+ direction, the third transmission line extends along the y- direction, the fourth transmission line extends along the x- direction, the fifth transmission line extends along the y+ direction, the sixth transmission line extends along the x+ direction, and the seventh transmission line extends along the y- direction, and the ending point is a metallized via connected to the first metal layer.

[0056] It is mainly determined by the extension line variable u1 (where l1 = u1 + via*2, l2 = u1*4 + via, l3 = u1*5 + via*2, l4 = u1*8 + via*4.5, l5 = u1*8 + via*4.5, l6 = u1*4 + via*0.5, l7 = u1*4 - via*0.5); among them, the diameter of the metallized via via = 0.2 mm and the diameter of the slot hole hol = 0.4 mm. The period p of the metasurface unit x = p y = 10 mm, and the metallized vias connecting the receiving and radiating patches are connected to the transmission lines in the middle of the two backplanes. The relative rotation angles α3 (α4) of the metal C-shaped slot and the arc-shaped slot and the overall rotation angles θ1 (θ2) of the unit realize the flexible regulation of the eigenpolarization state. The top receiving patch and the radiating patch are connected through a C-shaped slot, a metal through hole and a transmission line. When the sizes r1 and r7 of the C-shaped slot change from 1.5 and 3.0 mm to 0 mm respectively, the transmission amplitude of the eigenpolarization state in the transmission mode gradually decreases from 1 to 0.

[0057] According to the broadband and high-efficiency arbitrary polarization metasurface electromagnetic device, its polarization and complex amplitude regulation method includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Design a metasurface unit structure with efficient receiving and radiation for polarization selection to achieve efficient receiving with polarization selection and orthogonal polarization reflection.

[0059] To achieve a low-profile and efficient transmissive metasurface, the present invention adopts a receiving and re-radiating metasurface, and its structure is shown in Figure 1. First, for the efficient receiving and radiation control of polarization selection of the metasurface, it is necessary to independently control the amplitude and phase of any cross polarization. By changing the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped slot and the arc-shaped slot, the intrinsic polarizations of the metasurface for receiving and radiation are left-handed and right-handed circular polarizations respectively. When a left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident on the metasurface, it will pass through the asymmetric outer ring, pass through the metal through-hole and the transmission line, and finally be radiated by the radiation patch. When a symmetric cross-polarized wave (right-handed circularly polarized wave) is incident, total reflection of the electromagnetic wave will occur.

[0060] Therefore, based on non-destructiveness and symmetry, the Jones matrix of the receiving and radiating metasurface is established:

[0061]

[0062] represents the Jones matrix of the reflection channel when the electromagnetic wave is incident on the metasurface forward in the circular polarization basis, represents the Jones matrix of the transmission channel when the electromagnetic wave is incident on the metasurface forward in the circular polarization basis, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the left-handed channel when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the left-handed channel when the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the right-handed channel when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the right-handed channel when the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of transmission of the left-handed channel when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of transmission of the left-handed channel when the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of transmission of the right-handed channel when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the complex amplitude of transmission of the right-handed channel when the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident forward.

[0063] represents the Jones matrix of the reflection channel when the electromagnetic wave is incident on the metasurface backward in the circular polarization basis, represents the Jones matrix of the transmission channel when the electromagnetic wave is incident on the metasurface backward in the circular polarization basis, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the left-handed channel when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident backward, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the left-handed channel when the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident backward, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the right-handed channel when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident backward, represents the complex amplitude of reflection of the right-handed channel when the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident backward. represents the transmitted complex amplitude of the left - hand channel when the left - hand circularly polarized wave is incident forward, represents the transmitted complex amplitude of the left - hand channel when the right - hand circularly polarized wave is incident backward, represents the transmitted complex amplitude of the right - hand channel when the left - hand circularly polarized wave is incident backward, represents the transmitted complex amplitude of the right - hand channel when the right - hand circularly polarized wave is incident backward.

[0064] When rotating the receiving patch of the first metal layer of the metasurface, a phase of 2θ will be introduced into the top - layer space. In the transmission mode, due to the rotation of the receiving patch of the first metal layer, a phase of θ will be accumulated in the transmission channel. In the bottom reflection space, since there is no rotation in the structure of the fifth metal layer, no geometric phase will be generated in the lower - layer reflection channel. Similarly, for the cases of reverse incidence and simultaneous rotation of the patches on both sides. Therefore, the Jones matrix of this system can be finally obtained as:

[0065]

[0066] where θ1 and θ2 represent the rotation angles of the top - layer patch and the bottom - layer patch unit respectively. is the delay phase introduced by changing the length of the middle transmission line in the transmission mode.

[0067] Step 2, change the structural symmetry of the radiation / receiving unit by changing the relative rotation angle between the C - shaped slot and the arc - shaped slot, and regulate the eigen - polarization states in the receiving and radiation modes through symmetry.

[0068] To achieve the conversion between arbitrary polarizations, it is necessary to manipulate the predefined polarization states according to the relationship between the patch structure shape and the eigen - polarization state. When the receiving patch is a uniform ring and transmits through the C - shaped slot, the linear polarization can be regarded as the composite wave of the left - hand and right - hand circularly polarized waves. When incident on the receiving patch, the left - hand and right - hand circularly polarized waves can experience a symmetric mode based on the axis of the C - shaped slot. Therefore, its eigen - polarization is linear polarization, and this rule is followed regardless of how the C - shaped slot rotates. Figure 2 The surface current simulation results in (a) also illustrate this point.

[0069] The relationship between the polarization state and the rotation angle is closely related and can provide continuous polarization regulation. To break the in - plane symmetry of the structure, the patch is slotted, and the symmetry axis between the C - shaped slot and the arc - shaped slot is regulated so that it is not in the same plane. The eigen - polarization state will also change continuously with the in - plane symmetry, as Figure 2As shown in (a-c), the included angle α3 between the C-shaped groove and the arc-shaped groove is 0°, showing symmetry, and its eigen-polarization state is linear polarization; when the included angle is -22.5°, the eigen-polarization state is an elliptical polarization state; when the included angle is -45°, the eigen-polarization will change to a right-handed circularly polarized wave; when the included angle is 45°, the eigen-polarization of the patch is a left-handed circularly polarized wave. When the included angle changes from -45° to 45°, the polarization state will also change from the south pole (LCP) to the north pole (RCP) of the Poincaré sphere, as shown in Figure 3.

[0070] To control its polarization angle, the overall receiving / radiating patch is rotated here. The relationship between the phase difference between the left-handed and right-handed circular polarization channels and the overall rotation angle under the circular polarization basis is shown in the figure. It can be found that the polarization angle Ψ and the phase difference between the left-handed and right-handed circular polarization channels conform to relationship, and the rotation will uniformly accumulate 2θ1 and -2θ1 in the left-handed and right-handed circular polarization channels respectively. And it is worth noting that the polarization angles of different eigen-polarization states all follow the above relationship, as shown in Figure 3.

[0071] The manipulation of the eigen-polarization state can be divided into the manipulation of the ellipticity angle and the polarization angle. Among them, for the polarization angle, it can be rotated clockwise around the metallized via hole as a whole. The relationship between the polarization angle ψ1(ψ2) at which the receiving (radiating) patch works and the rotation angle θ1(θ2) is (ψ1 = θ1, ψ2 = θ2), and the regulation of the ellipticity angle can be discussed in the following five cases.

[0072] For the linear polarization radiation / reception mode, electromagnetic waves radiate / receive left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized waves from the edge of the C-shaped groove patch. Therefore, the structure needs to have symmetry. Due to the double rotational symmetry of the structure, when the C-shaped opening is facing the arc-shaped groove, it corresponds to the linear polarization reception / radiation mode, that is, the relative rotation angle α3(α4) between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 0°, 90°, 180° or 270°. As Figure 2 (a) shows, the surface current shows that when a linearly polarized wave is incident, the radiation patch shows a symmetric current distribution.

[0073] For the left-handed circular polarization radiation / reception mode, the patch needs to have the circular polarization selection characteristic, selectively radiating / receiving left-handed circularly polarized waves, and the relative rotation angle α3(α4) between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove is set to 45° or 225°.

[0074] For the left-handed elliptical polarization radiation / reception mode, the patch needs to have the elliptical polarization selection characteristic, selectively radiating / receiving left-handed elliptically polarized waves, and the relative rotation angle α3(α4) between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped groove can be set to 0 - 45°, 45° - 90°, 180° - 225° or 225° - 270°.

[0075] For the right-handed elliptical polarization radiation / reception mode, the patch needs to have circular polarization selection characteristics, selectively radiating / receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves. The relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped slot is set to 90° - 135°, 135° - 180°, 270° - 315°, or 315° - 360°. As Figure 2 (b) shows, the surface current shows asymmetric surface currents on both sides of the C-shaped slot when non-linearly polarized waves are incident.

[0076] For the right-handed circular polarization radiation / reception mode, the patch needs to have circular polarization selection characteristics, selectively radiating / receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves. The relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped slot is set to 135° or 315°. As Figure 2 (c) shows, the surface current shows surface current on one side of the C-shaped slot when non-linearly polarized waves are incident.

[0077] Step 3, adjust the size of the C-shaped slot in the middle of the receiving and radiating structures to control the transmission amplitude, and establish the relationship between the transmission amplitude and the transmission connection size;

[0078] In order to independently control the amplitude in the transmission mode, simultaneously adjust the size of the C-shaped slot to change the amplitude of the transmission channel. According to the receiving and radiating unit structure proposed by the present invention, when adjusting the unit size of the transmission channel, its transmission amplitude can be flexibly controlled. More importantly, the amplitude control strategy is completely independent of the polarization and phase control strategies. Therefore, when adjusting the amplitude, other electromagnetic degrees of freedom (phase / polarization) will not be affected. Taking the case where the intrinsic polarization is circular polarization as an example for discussion.

[0079] The following is just one of the 5 cases where the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident from the top. Please also describe in words the specific work to be done in Step 3 from the perspective of covering all cases

[0080] Since the transmission mode of the metasurface is through the internal structures of the C-shaped slots in the first and fifth layers and the transmission lines, therefore, by simultaneously changing the inner diameter r1 (r7) and the opening angle size r1 / ratio (r7 / 3) of the C-shaped slots in the first and fifth layers, the transmission amplitude in the transmission mode can be changed. To facilitate the analysis of the control of the amplitude by the size of the C-shaped slot of the metasurface, the intrinsic polarizations of the radiation end and the receiving end are set to left-handed and right-handed circular polarization states respectively. It should be noted that the amplitude control method provided by the present invention is independent of the polarization and phase control methods, and there is no coupling. Therefore, the change of the size of the C-shaped slot in this step for amplitude control is applicable to any intrinsic polarization state and is not affected by the intrinsic polarization state.

[0081] First, set the relative rotation angles of the circular polarization states of the first layer and the fifth layer as α3 = 45° and α4 = -45°. Secondly, for the convenience of parameter scanning, the opening angle sizes of the first layer and the fifth layer are fixed as r1 / ratio and r7 / 3 respectively; by using CST Microwave Studio to scan the parameters r1, ratio, and r7, and constructing 16 groups of metasurface units with different transmission amplitudes as shown in Table 1, and the relationship between them and the transmission amplitude is as Figure 5 (e); finally, similar geometric parameters (r1, ratio, and r7) can be selected according to the transmission amplitude.

[0082] In one implementation, as Figure 5 shows the amplitude and phase responses between the channels in the reflection space and the transmission space of the metasurface when the left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident from the top, and the corresponding geometric dimensions are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Table 1

[0084] <![CDATA[r1]]> <![CDATA[r7]]> ratio <![CDATA[u1]]> #1 3 0.72 6.3 0.35 #2 3 3.2 2 0.35 #3 3 0.1 150 0.35 #4 3 0.2 8 0.35 #5 1.4 3.2 10 0.35 #6 2.6 3.2 10 0.35 #7 3 0.1 15 0.35 #8 3 0.72 15 0.35 #9 1 3.2 10.67 0.35 #10 1.5 3.2 6 0.35 #11 2.6 3.2 4 0.35 #12 2.2 3.2 2 0.35 #13 2.6 3.2 2 0.35 #14 3 0.1 6 0.35 #15 3 0.1 10 0.35 #16 3 0.1 30 0.35

[0085] Due to non-destructiveness, when the left / right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident, the sum of the energy in the reflection channel and the transmitted energy is close to 1; or and shows an inverse relationship. And the amplitude distribution in its two reflection channels is mainly determined by its in-plane symmetry.

[0086] For the reflection space, there is reflection symmetry in each reflection channel, r xy = r yx , in the circular polarization basis, r ll = r rr . And when the transmission amplitude is constant, for the and in the reflection channel, when the cross-polarization channel is adjusted, the amplitude of the cross-polarization channel will also change accordingly; similarly, when the reflection amplitude of one co-polarization channel is constant, there is a close relationship between the transmitted energy and the reflected cross-polarization component. When the transmission amplitude is changed by simultaneously controlling the size of the middle C-shaped slot, it belongs to the latter. By simultaneously controlling the sizes of the middle C-shaped slots r1 and r7 from 1.5 and 3.0 mm to 0 mm respectively, the transmission amplitude can be uniformly reduced from nearly one to zero. More importantly, the cross-polarization channels in the reflection space do not change accordingly, are all close to one, and there is a certain relative bandwidth, Figure 5 and the amplitude relationships between the channels in the reflection and transmission spaces in

[0087] Step 4. On the basis above, control the phase delay of the transmission mode by regulating the length of the third-layer transmission line, and establish the relationship between the transmission line length and the phase delay.

[0088] For the phase regulation of the transmission channel, the present invention adopts an extension line for the phase regulation strategy of its transmission channel. By changing the extended path of the surface current to regulate the transmission phase. It should be noted that reasonably changing the length of the extension line only has a phase delay in the transmission mode, as Figure 6 shown. To reduce the amplitude loss of the transmission channel, the present invention proposes to use a dielectric substrate with a low dielectric constant in the transmission space to reduce the transmission loss.

[0089] Phase compensation: Amplitude regulation may cause appropriate perturbations to the phases of the transmission channel and the reflection channel. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately compensate the phase in the amplitude regulation mode by changing the length of the connection line. When its transmitted and reflected eigenpolarization states are circular polarization states, it is necessary to appropriately control the rotation angle between the receiving patch and the radiation patch to compensate the phases of the reflection channels in the transmission and reflection modes; for the radiation channel, corresponding rotation is also required to make it equiphase in the reflection channel. When its eigenpolarization state is other polarization states, only the transmission channel needs to be phase-compensated.

[0090] Since step 4 itself only needs to obtain u1, specifically how to select u1.

[0091] First, since the transmission line length is related to the phase delay, and at the same time for the convenience of parameter optimization and design, a single parameter is used to describe different transmission line lengths (where l1 = u1 + via * 2, l2 = u1 * 4 + via, l3 = u1 * 5 + via * 2, l4 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, l5 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, l6 = u1 * 4 + via * 0.5, l7 = u1 * 4 - via * 0.5); second, use CSTMicrowave Studio to scan the parameter u1, and obtain the phase relationship between the transmission line length and the target polarization channel under different u1 values as Figure 6 (f) shown. It can be seen that only the phase accumulates in the transmission channel, and the phases show non-dispersive characteristics; finally, different u1 values can be selected according to different transmission phase delay requirements, and then the transmission line dimensions of each section of the third-layer transmission line layer can be deduced inversely.

[0092] Step 5. Determine the polarization, amplitude and phase distributions according to the realized electromagnetic functions, and calculate the geometric dimensions of each unit.

[0093] Device function design and verification: When the intrinsic polarization of the receiving radiation metasurface is not circular polarization, only the amplitude, phase, and polarization of the transmission channel can be regulated, enabling single-channel regulation, that is, complex amplitude regulation from any polarization to any polarization; when one of the intrinsic polarizations of the receiving or radiation metasurface is circular polarization, reflection regulation can be achieved by controlling the phase introduced in the reflection space of one of the channels. In addition, through the regulation of the transmission amplitude and phase, dual-channel regulation of transmission and reflection can be realized; when the intrinsic polarizations of both the receiving and radiation metasurfaces are circular polarization, except for the transmission channel, PB phase regulation can be achieved by rotating the receiving and radiation patches in the reflection spaces on both sides, ultimately realizing three-channel free regulation. Among them, the transmission channel is complex amplitude regulation, and both of the two reflection channels are pure phase regulation based on PB phase.

[0094] First, determine the polarization states of reception and radiation according to the device function, and adjust the intrinsic polarization state of the metasurface by adjusting the relative rotation angle and overall rotation angle of the receiving and radiation patches; second, according to the device function, taking amplitude-phase holography as an example, calculate the amplitude and phase distributions required for metasurface holography through the GS algorithm, and calculate the corresponding amplitude and phase distributions of the metasurface. Determine the geometric parameters of the C-shaped slots of the receiving and radiation patches and the length of the intermediate microstrip line based on the above relationships between geometric parameters and electromagnetic characteristic parameters.

[0095] To facilitate polarization measurement, the technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by taking a specific metasurface complex amplitude holography from circular polarization to linear polarization as an example.

[0096] (1) Design of metasurface unit from circular polarization to linear polarization and complex amplitude response

[0097] To meet the above requirements, the present invention guides the device design based on the above method. First, according to the device design requirements, set the intrinsic polarization states of reception and radiation as right-handed circular polarization and x polarization respectively. Therefore, at the receiving end, the relative rotation angle is α3 = 45°, and at the radiation end, the relative rotation angle α4 = 0°. When a right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident, it can be completely transmitted and radiated from the bottom layer through the linearly polarized radiation patch, while a left-handed circularly polarized incident wave is completely reflected; second, according to the discussion in step 3 above, the amplitude can be continuously regulated by controlling the C-shaped slot size; then, adjust the u1 value of the metasurface to control the transmission phase; finally, when the amplitude and phase of the amplitude-phase holography of the transmission channel are determined, it is necessary to jointly control the geometric parameters of the C-shaped slots of the receiving and radiation patches of the metasurface and the length of the intermediate microstrip line. A unit library from circular polarization to linear polarization is established, as shown in Table 2, and geometric parameters that meet the amplitude and phase requirements are selected from it.

[0098] In one embodiment, the unit library of the final amplitude-phase relationship is shown in Table 2.

[0099] Table 2

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] (2) Verification and functional implementation of arbitrary polarization preset

[0104] First, regarding the relationship between the metasurface and the imaging plane, the meta-hologram is realized using the Rayleigh - Sommerfeld diffraction theory, and its formula is expressed as follows

[0105]

[0106] Among them, h represents the distance between the imaging plane and the holographic plane. U(x h , y h ) and U′(x0, y0) represent the electric field distributions on the holographic plane and the imaging plane respectively. According to the target image, the electric field distribution, amplitude, and phase distribution on each metasurface unit are calculated using the inverse Fourier transform method, Figure 7 where is the target image and the calculated amplitude and phase distributions. Use Matlab to select the geometric parameters that conform to this distribution from the unit library and use the VBA language for automated modeling in CST Microwave Studio. The simulated array model (38×38) is as shown in Figure 8 (a). When the metasurface is excited by a circularly polarized plane wave in the forward direction, on the plane at z = 36 mm in the transmission space, a holographic image that is almost identical to the target image can be clearly observed in the x-polarization channel, while there is no image in its orthogonal polarization channel (y-polarization), as shown in Figure 8 (b) and (c). This shows that the method provided by the present invention simultaneously realizes polarization conversion and flexible regulation of complex amplitude, and this method has a higher pixel resolution, so the image quality is higher.

[0107] The above are only the specific steps of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the present invention; all technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution fall within the scope of the protection of the present invention; the parts not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the well-known technologies of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mirror-symmetric related receiving radiation metasurface, characterized in that: The mirror-symmetric related radiation receiving metasurface includes a plurality of metasurface units; The metasurface unit comprises five layers of metal and four layers of dielectric substrate; the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer are used as receiving patches and radiating patches respectively, and the third metal layer is a transmission line; The four-layer dielectric substrate is sequentially arranged between the first metal layer to the fifth metal layer; The receiving and radiating metal patches are connected to the transmission line through metallized vias; the receiving patch and the radiating patch have the same structural shape except for the C-shaped groove, and are both circular patches including the C-shaped groove and two pairs of arc grooves; the first pair of arc grooves are arranged at the edge of the circular patch, and the outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the circular patch; the second pair of arc grooves are arranged inside the circular patch; The elliptical angle of the electromagnetic wave is controlled by changing the relative rotation angle of the C-shaped groove and the arc-shaped groove, and the polarization angle of the electromagnetic wave is controlled by the overall rotation angle of the two. The opening size of the C-shaped groove is used to adjust the transmission amplitude; the transmission phase is adjusted by changing the length of the third-layer transmission line; the second metal layer and the fourth metal layer are composed of a metal floor with a slot hole etched with a diameter of 0.4mm, which is used as a backplane to isolate the radiation and receiving modes. The third metal layer is used to change the length of the transmission line to accumulate the phase in the transmission mode.

2. The mirror-symmetric related radiation receiving metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure and size of the receiving and radiating metal patch are: The interval between the two pairs of arc grooves is fixed at 180°, and the interval between the two pairs of arc grooves is fixed at 90°; the first pair of arc grooves is set at the edge of the circular patch, the outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the circular patch, r5=4mm, the inner diameter is r6=3mm, and the arc angle is α2=40°; the second pair of arc grooves is set inside the circular patch, the outer diameter is r4=3.45mm, the inner diameter is r3=2.8mm, and the arc angle is α1=40°; The inner radii of the C-shaped grooves of the first and fifth layers are r1 and r7 respectively, and the opening sizes of the C-shaped grooves are w1=r1 / ratio and w2=r7 / 3 respectively, where ratio is the diameter-to-width ratio of the C-shaped grooves in the first metal layer; the outer radii of the C-shaped grooves of the first and fifth layers are both r2=3mm.

3. The mirror-symmetric related radiation receiving metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission line structure and dimensions are: The transmission line adopts a rectangular strip structure with a width of w3 = 0.2 mm and a total length of l. The starting and ending positions of the transmission line correspond to the C-shaped groove centers of the first and fifth layers of patches, respectively, and are connected to the first and fifth layers of patches through metallized vias. The C-shaped groove center of the first layer of patches is relative to the upper left position of the unit center (l x , l y ), the C-shaped groove center of the fifth layer patch is relative to the lower right position of the unit center (-l x , -l y ) The transmission line includes first to seventh transmission lines connected to each other at the end, the first transmission line starts from a metal via connected to the fifth metal layer and extends along the y+ direction, the second transmission line extends along the x+ direction, the third transmission line extends along the y- direction, the fourth transmission line extends along the x- direction, the fifth transmission line extends along the y+ direction, the sixth transmission line extends along the x+ direction, the seventh transmission line extends along the y- direction, and the end point is a metal via connected to the first metal layer; The length of the first transmission line l1 = u1 + via * 2, the length of the second transmission line l2 = u1 * 4 + via, the length of the third transmission line l3 = u1 * 5 + via * 2, the length of the fourth transmission line l4 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, the length of the fifth transmission line l5 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, the length of the sixth transmission line l6 = u1 * 4 + via * 0.5, the length of the seventh transmission line l7 = u1 * 4 - via * 0.5; the diameter of the metalized via via = 0.2 mm, and u1 is the extension line variable.

4. A method for controlling polarization and complex amplitude of a mirror-symmetric related receiving radiation metasurface, characterized in that: The polarization and complex amplitude control method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Design a metasurface unit structure with high-efficiency reception and radiation with selective rotation to achieve high-efficiency reception with selective rotation and reflection of orthogonal polarization; Step 2, changing the symmetry of the radiation / receiving unit structure by changing the relative rotation angle between the arc-shaped slot and the C-shaped slot, and regulating the intrinsic polarization state in the receiving and radiation modes by the symmetry; Step 3, adjusting the size of the middle C-shaped groove between the receiving and radiating structures to adjust the transmission amplitude, and establishing the relationship between the transmission amplitude and the transmission connection size; Step 4, controlling the phase delay of the transmission mode by adjusting the length of the third layer transmission line, and establishing a relationship between the transmission line length and the phase delay; Step 5: Determine polarization, amplitude and phase distribution according to the realized electromagnetic function, and calculate the geometric dimensions of the unit.

5. According to claim 4, the polarization and complex amplitude control method based on the mirror-symmetric related receiving radiation metasurface is characterized in that: In step 1, the metasurface unit includes five metal layers and four dielectric substrate layers; the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer are used as a receiving patch and a radiating patch respectively, and the third metal layer is a transmission line; The four-layer dielectric substrate is sequentially arranged between the first metal layer to the fifth metal layer; The receiving and radiating metal patches are connected to the transmission line through metallized vias; the receiving patch and the radiating patch have the same structural shape except for the C-shaped groove, and are both circular patches including the C-shaped groove and two pairs of arc grooves; the first pair of arc grooves are arranged at the edge of the circular patch, and the outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the circular patch; the second pair of arc grooves are arranged inside the circular patch; The transmission line is used to connect the receiving patch and the radiating patch, and the metal length of the transmission line is set by accumulating the phase in the transmission mode.

6. According to claim 4, the polarization and complex amplitude control method based on the mirror-symmetric related receiving radiation metasurface is characterized in that: In step 2, the manipulation of the intrinsic polarization state can be divided into the manipulation of the elliptic angle and the polarization angle: The relationship between the polarization angle and the rotation angle is: ψ = θ, ψ is the polarization angle, θ is the rotation angle; and the regulation of the elliptical angle includes: For the linear polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc slot is set to 0°, 90°, 180°, or 270°; For left-hand circularly polarized radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc slot is set to 45° or 225°; For the left-handed elliptical polarization radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped slot is set to 0° to 45°, 45° to 90°, 180° to 225°, or 225° to 270°; For the right-handed elliptically polarized radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped slot is set to 90° to 135°, 135° to 180°, 270° to 315°, or 315° to 360°; For the right-hand circularly polarized radiation / reception mode, the relative rotation angle between the C-shaped opening and the arc-shaped slot is set to 135° or 315°.

7. According to claim 4, the polarization and complex amplitude control method based on the mirror-symmetric correlation receiving radiation metasurface is characterized in that: In step 3, the C-shaped groove dimensions used for adjustment include the inner radii r1 and r7 of the C-shaped grooves of the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer, and the opening dimensions w1=r1 / ratio and w2=r7 / 3 of the C-shaped grooves of the first metal layer and the fifth metal layer, where ratio is the diameter-to-width ratio of the C-shaped grooves in the first metal layer.

8. The polarization and complex amplitude control method based on the mirror-symmetric related receiving radiation metasurface according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step 3, CST Microwave Studio is used to scan the inner radius r1 of the C-shaped groove of the first metal layer, the inner radius r7 of the C-shaped groove of the fifth metal layer, and the ratio, and a corresponding table of metasurface units with different transmission amplitudes is constructed; the inner radius r1 of the C-shaped groove of the first metal layer, the inner radius r7 of the C-shaped groove of the fifth metal layer, and the ratio values ​​that are similar are selected according to the transmission amplitude.

9. According to claim 4, the polarization and complex amplitude control method based on the mirror-symmetric correlation receiving radiation metasurface is characterized in that: In step 4, use CST Microwave Studio to scan the extension line variable u1 to obtain the phase relationship between the transmission line length and the target polarization channel under different u1 values; Different u1 values ​​are selected according to different transmission phase delay requirements, and the first transmission line length l1 = u1 + via * 2, the second transmission line length l2 = u1 * 4 + via, the third transmission line length l3 = u1 * 5 + via * 2, the fourth transmission line length l4 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, the fifth transmission line length l5 = u1 * 8 + via * 4.5, the sixth transmission line length l6 = u1 * 4 + via * 0.5, and the seventh transmission line length l7 = u1 * 4 - via * 0.5 are calculated respectively; the metallized via diameter via = 0.2 mm.

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