Numerically controlled lathe and turning process of chain wheel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, and discloses a numerical control lathe and a turning process of a chain wheel, the numerical control lathe comprises a shell, a turning mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism can drive a clamped workpiece to rotate, so that different positions of the surface of the clamped workpiece are close to a turning tool of the turning mechanism; the clamping mechanism comprises a chuck, an adjusting disc, a telescopic arm, a clamping jaw and a control assembly, and the chuck is rotationally arranged in the shell; according to the numerical control lathe, the chuck, the telescopic arm, the clamping jaw, the spring and the baffle ring are arranged, the clamping jaw is rotationally installed on the telescopic arm, and the spring is connected between the clamping jaw and the telescopic arm, so that one end of the clamping jaw is always in contact with the baffle ring under the tension of the spring; the chain wheel clamping device can automatically rotate to loosen the clamping of the chain wheel, so that the operation of the numerical control lathe is simpler and more convenient, the intelligent degree of chain wheel machining is improved, and manual participation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, and specifically relates to a numerical control lathe and a turning process for a sprocket wheel. Background Technique

[0002] A sprocket wheel is a mechanical part used for transmission, and its structure includes teeth, hubs, spokes, etc. In the processing of a sprocket wheel, a numerical control lathe is required to turn the teeth of the sprocket wheel into shape. The processing method is to fix a preformed sprocket blank on the numerical control lathe, and then use a turning tool to cut the teeth of the sprocket wheel in the outer circular groove of the sprocket blank. During the turning process of the sprocket wheel, clamps such as a three-jaw chuck, a four-jaw chuck, and a faceplate are usually used to clamp the sprocket wheel.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application CN219944637U discloses a lathe for the production and processing of sprocket wheels. Through a support structure, a clamping structure, a positioning structure, and a driving structure, when clamping a sprocket substrate, it can drive the sprocket substrate to rotate without first opening a center hole, and then position the center hole through a three-jaw chuck to clamp the sprocket substrate and drive the sprocket substrate to rotate the card slot.

[0004] However, when using the above device to process a sprocket wheel, since the size of the roller cannot be changed and the arc of the movable top plate cannot be changed, the device can only clamp and fix a sprocket substrate with one diameter, and the flexibility of use is poor. At the same time, the sprocket substrate is subject to great resistance during rotation and is prone to jamming, affecting the turning efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a numerical control lathe and a turning process for a sprocket wheel, which have the function of clamping sprocket blanks with different diameters and can be clamped and turned without opening a center hole in advance, solving the problems mentioned in the above background technique.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A numerical control lathe includes a housing, a turning mechanism, and a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism can drive the clamped workpiece to rotate, so that different positions on the surface of the clamped workpiece are close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes a chuck, an adjusting disk, a telescopic arm, a clamping jaw, and a control component. The chuck is rotatably arranged inside the housing. The telescopic arm is slidably installed on the chuck. The adjusting disk is used to control the sliding of the telescopic arm, thereby changing the length of the telescopic arm extending out of the chuck. The clamping jaw is rotatably installed on the telescopic arm. The control component is used to control the included angle between the clamping jaw and the telescopic arm. The control component includes a spring and a retaining ring. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the telescopic arm and the jaw, and are used to pull the jaw to release the clamped workpiece. The retaining ring is slidably installed inside the housing, and one side wall of the retaining ring abuts against the jaw; A support frame is fixedly installed inside the housing. The support frame is fixedly installed inside the housing and is used to support the chuck and the retaining ring; Both the turning mechanism and the clamping mechanism are installed inside the housing. The turning mechanism has a three-axis movement function, and a turning tool is detachably installed on the turning mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the chuck includes a front plate, a rear plate and a guide ring. The front plate and the rear plate are fixedly connected through the guide ring. The guide ring is provided with through holes distributed in an annular array. The telescopic arm is slidably connected to the through holes, and one end of the telescopic arm extends to the outside of the front plate.

[0008] Preferably, a cavity is provided inside the adjusting disc, and channels communicating with the cavity are provided at both ends thereof. One end of the telescopic arm penetrates through the channel and extends into the cavity. An adjusting hole penetrating to the inside of the cavity is provided on one side wall of the adjusting disc. A sliding rod is fixedly installed on the telescopic arm, and the sliding rod is slidably connected to the adjusting hole.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting disc is arranged between the front plate and the rear plate. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the end of the adjusting disc. The connecting rod penetrates through one side wall of the rear plate and is rotatably connected to the rear plate. A worm gear is fixedly installed on the connecting rod. A worm is rotatably installed on the rear plate. The worm is in transmission connection with the worm gear. An adjusting motor is also fixedly installed on the rear plate. The driving end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected to the worm.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting piece is fixedly installed on the telescopic arm. The jaw includes a chuck head and a chuck handle. The chuck head and the chuck handle are fixedly connected. The chuck handle is rotatably connected to the connecting piece. The two ends of the spring are respectively rotatably connected to the telescopic arm and the chuck handle. An installation plate is fixedly installed at one end of the chuck handle away from the chuck head. A roller is rotatably installed on the installation plate, and the roller is in rolling contact with one side wall of the retaining ring.

[0011] Preferably, a stepped groove and a slope groove are provided on one side wall of the retaining ring. One end of the stepped groove and the bottom end of the slope groove are smoothly transitioned. The top end of the slope groove and one side wall of the retaining ring are smoothly transitioned.

[0012] Preferably, a circular ring is fixedly installed on the support frame. An arc-shaped slider is fixedly installed on the rear plate. The arc-shaped slider is rotatably connected to the circular ring. A driving motor is also fixedly installed on the support frame. The driving end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the chuck.

[0013] Preferably, a horizontal driving mechanism is further arranged inside the housing. The horizontal driving mechanism includes an internally threaded cylinder, a threaded rod, a rotating rod, a transmission belt pulley, and an opening and closing control motor. The internally threaded cylinder is rotatably installed on the support frame. The threaded rod is fixedly connected to the retaining ring and is in threaded connection with the internally threaded cylinder. The rotating rod is fixedly installed on the internally threaded cylinder. Adjacent rotating rods are connected by a transmission belt pulley. The opening and closing control motor is fixedly installed on the support frame, and the driving end of the opening and closing control motor is in transmission connection with one of the rotating rods.

[0014] Preferably, a support plate is further fixedly installed inside the housing. A support groove is opened at the upper end of the support plate. A roller shaft groove is opened on the inner side wall of the support groove. A support roller is rotatably installed in the roller shaft groove. A support rod is placed in the support groove. A slot is opened on the surface of the front plate. One end of the support rod is inserted into the slot, and a clamping plate is fixedly installed on the support rod. The clamping plate is clamped by a clamping mechanism. A locking nut is threadedly connected to the end of the support rod away from the clamping plate.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a turning process for a sprocket, and the specific steps are as follows: Use a measuring tool to measure the diameter of the sprocket blank to be turned, and adjust the length of the telescopic arm extending out of the chuck according to the diameter of the sprocket blank; Open all the jaws through the retaining ring, place the sprocket blank between the opened jaws, and then control the retaining ring to move in the reverse direction so that the multiple jaws grip the sprocket blank tightly; Drive the turning tool to move by the turning mechanism to turn the fixed sprocket blank. After one tooth is turned, control the chuck to rotate so that the next turning position is close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a numerical control lathe and a turning process for a sprocket, and has the following beneficial effects: 1. For this CNC lathe, by setting the chuck, telescopic arm, jaw, spring and retaining ring, since the jaw is rotatably mounted on the telescopic arm and a spring is also connected between the jaw and the telescopic arm, one end of the jaw is always in contact with the retaining ring under the tensile force of the spring. Therefore, when the jaw moves to the stepped groove and slope groove provided on the surface of the retaining ring, it can automatically rotate to release the clamping of the sprocket, making the operation of the CNC lathe simpler and more convenient, facilitating the improvement of the intelligent level of sprocket processing and reducing manual participation. Therefore, by controlling the movement of the turning tool mounted on the turning mechanism near the stepped groove, when the jaw approaches the turning tool, it can automatically release the clamping of the sprocket, avoiding the collision between the jaw and the turning tool, and the clamping of the sprocket by other jaws is not affected. So, when the jaw clamping the sprocket approaches the turning tool of the turning mechanism, it can automatically release and avoid the turning tool, and the jaw can automatically resume the clamping of the sprocket edge after moving away from the turning tool. At any time, at most only one jaw is not in contact with and clamping the sprocket, thus ensuring the firmness of the clamping.

[0017] 2. For this CNC lathe, by setting the adjusting disc, adjusting hole and sliding rod, when the adjusting disc rotates relative to the chuck, the sliding rod slides in the adjusting hole, causing the telescopic rod to extend and retract on the chuck, thereby changing the diameter of the workpiece that the clamping mechanism can clamp, facilitating the clamping of sprockets with different diameters. By setting the worm gear, worm and adjusting motor, it is convenient to control the rotation angle of the adjusting disc relative to the chuck. At the same time, due to the setting of the retaining ring, when a sprocket is processed, all the jaws can be released from the sprocket by translating the retaining ring, facilitating the removal of the sprocket for replacement. And when clamping sprockets of the same model, there is no need to adjust the extension length of the telescopic arm again, and only need to control the reverse movement of the retaining ring to resume clamping.

[0018] 3. For this CNC lathe, by setting the rollers, when the chuck rotates, the rollers roll on the retaining ring, which is not likely to cause the jaws to shake, thus ensuring the firmness of the jaws clamping the sprocket and avoiding the loosening of the sprocket caused by the shaking of the jaws. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is one of the three-dimensional structure schematic diagrams of the CNC lathe of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the second three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the CNC lathe of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at A in the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at B in the present invention; Figure 5 It is the first three-dimensional structure exploded schematic diagram of the CNC lathe of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5Schematic diagram of the enlarged partial structure at position C; Figure 7 This is the second exploded three-dimensional structure diagram of the numerically controlled lathe of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged partial structure at position D; Figure 9 This is the third three-dimensional structure diagram of the numerically controlled lathe of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Housing; 2. Turning mechanism; 3. Clamping mechanism; 31. Chuck; 311. Front plate; 312. Rear plate; 313. Guide ring; 314. Through hole; 315. Arc-shaped slider; 316. Slot; 32. Adjusting disk; 321. Adjusting hole; 322. Connecting rod; 323. Worm gear; 324. Worm; 325. Adjusting motor; 33. Telescopic arm; 331. Sliding rod; 332. Connecting piece; 34. Claw; 341. Chuck head; 342. Claw handle; 343. Mounting plate; 344. Roller; 35. Spring; 36. Retaining ring; 361. Step groove; 362. Slope groove; 37. Driving motor; 4. Support frame; 41. Ring; 5. Horizontal driving mechanism; 51. Inner threaded cylinder; 52. Threaded rod; 53. Rotating rod; 54. Belt pulley; 55. Opening and closing control motor; 6. Support plate; 61. Support groove; 62. Support roller; 7. Support rod; 71. Clamping plate; 72. Locking nut. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the present invention provides a numerically controlled lathe, including a housing 1, a turning mechanism 2 and a clamping mechanism 3. The clamping mechanism 3 can drive the clamped workpiece to rotate, so that different positions on the surface of the clamped workpiece are close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism 2; The clamping mechanism 3 includes a chuck 31, an adjusting disc 32, a telescopic arm 33, a jaw 34 and a control component. The chuck 31 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 1. The telescopic arm 33 is slidably mounted on the chuck 31. The adjusting disc 32 is used to control the sliding of the telescopic arm 33, so as to change the length of the telescopic arm 33 extending out of the chuck 31. The jaw 34 is rotatably mounted on the telescopic arm 33. The control component is used to control the included angle between the jaw 34 and the telescopic arm 33; The control component includes a spring 35 and a retaining ring 36. The two ends of the spring 35 are respectively connected to the telescopic arm 33 and the jaw 34, and are used to pull the jaw 34 to release the clamped workpiece. The retaining ring 36 is slidably mounted inside the housing 1, and one side wall of the retaining ring 36 abuts against the jaw 34; A support frame 4 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1. The support frame 4 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1, and the support frame 4 is used to support the chuck 31 and the retaining ring 36; The turning mechanism 2 and the clamping mechanism 3 are both installed inside the housing 1. The turning mechanism 2 has a three-axis moving function, and a turning tool is detachably installed on the turning mechanism 2.

[0023] As can be seen from the above, for this numerically controlled lathe, by setting the chuck 31, the telescopic arm 33, the jaw 34, the spring 35 and the retaining ring 36, since the jaw 34 is rotatably mounted on the telescopic arm 33, and a spring 35 is also connected between the jaw 34 and the telescopic arm 33, one end of the jaw 34 is always in contact with the retaining ring 36 under the pulling force of the spring 35. Therefore, when the retaining ring 36 moves, the jaw 34 rotates accordingly. And when the contact surface between the retaining ring 36 and the jaw 34 is uneven, the jaw 34 will also rotate with the undulation of the contact surface. At the same time, since the adjusting disc 32 can adjust the length of the telescopic arm 33 extending out of the chuck 31, when clamping sprocket blanks with different diameters, the extending length of the telescopic arm 33 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the sprocket blank. And when processing sprocket blanks of the same model, there is no need to repeatedly adjust the extending length of the telescopic arm 33. Only by controlling the movement of the retaining ring 36 can all the jaws 34 be opened, which is convenient for removing the processed sprockets and clamping the sprocket blanks to be processed.

[0024] When using this device, use a measuring tool to measure the diameter of the sprocket blank to be turned, and adjust the length of the telescopic arm 33 extending out of the chuck 31 according to the diameter of the sprocket blank; make all the jaws 34 open through the retaining ring 36, place the sprocket blank between the opened jaws 34, and then control the retaining ring 36 to move in the reverse direction so that multiple jaws 34 grip the sprocket blank; drive the turning tool to move by the turning mechanism 2 to turn the fixed sprocket blank, and after one tooth is turned, control the chuck 31 to rotate so that the next turning position is close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism 2. Embodiment Two

[0025] Such as Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments lies in that the chuck 31 includes a front plate 311, a rear plate 312 and a guide ring 313. The front plate 311 and the rear plate 312 are fixedly connected through the guide ring 313. The guide ring 313 is provided with through holes 314 distributed in an annular array. The telescopic arm 33 is slidably connected with the through holes 314, and one end of the telescopic arm 33 extends to the outside of the front plate 311.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, since the through holes 314 are provided on the guide ring 313, the telescopic arm 33 can only move linearly along the radial direction of the chuck 31.

[0027] The inside of the adjusting disc 32 is provided with a cavity, and channels communicating with the cavity are provided at both ends thereof. One end of the telescopic arm 33 penetrates through the channel and extends into the inside of the cavity. An adjusting hole 321 penetrating through to the inside of the cavity is provided on one side wall of the adjusting disc 32. A sliding rod 331 is fixedly installed on the telescopic arm 33, and the sliding rod 331 is slidably connected with the adjusting hole 321.

[0028] As can be seen from the above, the length direction of the adjusting hole 321 does not coincide with the radial direction of the adjusting disc 32, and the sliding rod 331 is fixedly installed on the telescopic arm 33 that slides along the radial direction of the chuck 31. Therefore, when the adjusting disc 32 rotates relative to the chuck 31, the sliding rod 331 is pushed by the hole wall of the adjusting hole 321 to slide linearly relative to the chuck 31.

[0029] The adjusting disc 32 is arranged between the front plate 311 and the rear plate 312. A connecting rod 322 is fixedly installed at the end of the adjusting disc 32. The connecting rod 322 penetrates through one side wall of the rear plate 312 and is rotatably connected with the rear plate 312. A worm gear 323 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 322. A worm 324 is rotatably installed on the rear plate 312. The worm 324 is in transmission connection with the worm gear 323. An adjusting motor 325 is also fixedly installed on the rear plate 312. The driving end of the adjusting motor 325 is fixedly connected with the worm 324.

[0030] As can be seen from the above, since the worm 324 is installed on the rear plate 312 and the worm gear 323 is fixed to the adjusting disc 32 through the connecting rod 322, when the worm 324 rotates, it can drive the worm gear 323 to drive the adjusting disc 32 to rotate relative to the chuck 31, and the adjusting motor 325 is used to drive the worm 324 to rotate forward and backward, so that the clamping mechanism 3 can clamp disc-shaped workpieces with different diameters. Embodiment Three

[0031] As Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment lies in that a connecting piece 332 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic arm 33, the clamping jaw 34 includes a chuck 341 and a clamping handle 342, the chuck 341 and the clamping handle 342 are fixedly connected, the clamping handle 342 is rotatably connected to the connecting piece 332, the two ends of the spring 35 are rotatably connected to the telescopic arm 33 and the clamping handle 342 respectively, a mounting plate 343 is fixedly mounted on the end of the clamping handle 342 away from the chuck 341, a roller 344 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 343, and the roller 344 is in rolling contact with a side wall of the retaining ring 36.

[0032] As can be seen from the above, the spring 35 will pull the clamp handle 342 to fit tightly against one side arm of the retaining ring 36. Since the roller 344 is installed on the clamp handle 342 through the mounting plate 343, the roller 344 replaces the clamp handle 342 to contact the retaining ring 36, making the clamp 34 more stable when rotating relative to the retaining ring 36. In this embodiment, the roller 344 can also be replaced by a ball.

[0033] A side wall of the retaining ring 36 is provided with a stepped groove 361 and a slope groove 362 . One end of the stepped groove 361 and the bottom end of the slope groove 362 are smoothly transitioned, and the top end of the slope groove 362 and the side wall of the retaining ring 36 are smoothly transitioned.

[0034] As can be seen from the above, by setting the step groove 361, when the clamp handle 342 falls from the surface of the retaining ring 36 into the step groove 361, under the tension of the spring 35, the clamp 341 suddenly releases the edge of the sprocket, and by setting the step groove 361, the roller 344 in contact with the step groove 361 can roll along the ramp groove 362 and re-contact the surface of the retaining ring 36 with rolling.

[0035] A circular ring 41 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 4 , an arc-shaped slider 315 is fixedly mounted on the rear plate 312 , the arc-shaped slider 315 is rotatably connected to the circular ring 41 , a driving motor 37 is also fixedly mounted on the support frame 4 , and a driving end of the driving motor 37 is fixedly connected to the chuck 31 .

[0036] It can be seen from the above that by providing the circular ring 41 and the arc-shaped slider 315 , the chuck 31 is more stable when rotating relative to the support frame 4 .

[0037] A horizontal driving mechanism 5 is also provided inside the shell 1, and the horizontal driving mechanism 5 includes an internal threaded barrel 51, a threaded rod 52, a rotating rod 53, a transmission pulley 54 and an opening and closing control motor 55. The internal threaded barrel 51 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 4, the threaded rod 52 is fixedly connected to the retaining ring 36, and the threaded rod 52 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded barrel 51, the rotating rod 53 is fixedly mounted on the internal threaded barrel 51, and adjacent rotating rods 53 are transmission-connected via the transmission pulley 54. The opening and closing control motor 55 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 4, and the driving end of the opening and closing control motor 55 is transmission-connected to one of the rotating rods 53.

[0038] As can be seen from the above, by setting the horizontal driving mechanism 5, when the driving end of the opening and closing control motor 55 drives one of the rotating rods 53 to rotate, under the driving action of the transmission belt pulley 54, all the rotating rods 53 rotate at the same speed and in the same direction, driving all the internal thread cylinders 51 to rotate, causing the threaded rod 52 threadedly connected to the internal thread cylinder 51 to slide relative to the internal thread cylinder 51, thereby causing the retaining ring 36 to translate. Embodiment 4

[0039] As Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that a support plate 6 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1. A support groove 61 is opened at the upper end of the support plate 6. A roller shaft groove is opened on the inner side wall of the support groove 61. A support roller 62 is rotatably installed in the roller shaft groove. A support rod 7 is placed in the support groove 61. A slot 316 is opened on the surface of the front plate 311. One end of the support rod 7 is inserted into the slot 316, and a clamping plate 71 is fixedly installed on the support rod 7. The clamping plate 71 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 3. A locking nut 72 is threadedly connected to the end of the support rod 7 away from the clamping plate 71.

[0040] As can be seen from the above, in this embodiment, the jaw 34 does not directly clamp the sprocket blank, but clamps the clamping plate 71, so that the support rod 7 can rotate with the chuck 31. Due to the setting of the clamping plate 71 and the locking nut 72, when the sprocket blanks are pre-opened with central holes, multiple sprocket blanks can pass through the support rod 7 and be clamped and fixed by the clamping plate 71 and the locking nut 72. Then, one end of the support rod 7 is inserted into the slot 316, and the other end is inserted into the support groove 61. By clamping the clamping plate 71 with the jaw 34, all the sprocket blanks are driven to rotate, and the turning tool of the turning mechanism 2 turns the teeth on all the sprocket blanks by linear movement. Embodiment 5

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8 , the present invention also discloses a turning process for sprockets, and the specific steps are as follows: Use a measuring tool to measure the diameter of the sprocket blank to be turned, and adjust the length of the telescopic arm 33 extending from the chuck 31 according to the diameter of the sprocket blank; Open all the jaws 34 through the retaining ring 36, place the sprocket blank between the opened jaws 34, and then control the retaining ring 36 to move in the reverse direction so that multiple jaws 34 grip the sprocket blank; Drive the turning tool to move by the turning mechanism 2 to turn the fixed sprocket blank, and after one tooth is turned, control the chuck 31 to rotate so that the next turning position is close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism 2.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A numerically controlled lathe, comprising a housing, a turning mechanism and a clamping mechanism, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism can drive the clamped workpiece to rotate, so that different positions on the surface of the clamped workpiece are close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism; The clamping mechanism includes a chuck, an adjusting disc, a telescopic arm, a clamping jaw and a control component. The chuck is rotatably arranged inside the housing. The telescopic arm is slidably mounted on the chuck. The adjusting disc is used to control the sliding of the telescopic arm, so as to change the length of the telescopic arm extending out of the chuck. The clamping jaw is rotatably mounted on the telescopic arm. The control component is used to control the included angle between the clamping jaw and the telescopic arm; The control component includes a spring and a retaining ring. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the telescopic arm and the clamping jaw, and are used to pull the clamping jaw to loosen the clamped workpiece. The retaining ring is slidably mounted inside the housing, and one side wall of the retaining ring abuts against the clamping jaw; A support frame is fixedly installed inside the housing. The support frame is fixedly installed inside the housing and is used to support the chuck and the retaining ring; Both the turning mechanism and the clamping mechanism are installed inside the housing. The turning mechanism has a three-axis moving function, and a turning tool is detachably installed on the turning mechanism.

2. A numerical control lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck includes a front plate, a rear plate and a guide ring. The front plate and the rear plate are fixedly connected through the guide ring. The guide ring is provided with through holes distributed in an annular array. The telescopic arm is slidably connected with the through holes. One end of the telescopic arm extends to the outside of the front plate.

3. A numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the adjusting disc is provided with a cavity, and channels communicating with the cavity are arranged at both ends thereof. One end of the telescopic arm penetrates through the channel and extends into the cavity. An adjusting hole penetrating to the inside of the cavity is opened on one side wall of the adjusting disc. A sliding rod is fixedly installed on the telescopic arm, and the sliding rod is slidably connected with the adjusting hole.

4. A numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting disc is arranged between the front plate and the rear plate. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the end of the adjusting disc. The connecting rod penetrates through one side wall of the rear plate and is rotatably connected with the rear plate. A worm gear is fixedly installed on the connecting rod. A worm is rotatably installed on the rear plate. The worm is in transmission connection with the worm gear. An adjusting motor is also fixedly installed on the rear plate. The driving end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected with the worm.

5. A numerical control lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting piece is fixedly installed on the telescopic arm. The clamping jaw includes a clamping head and a clamping handle. The clamping head and the clamping handle are fixedly connected. The clamping handle is rotatably connected with the connecting piece. The two ends of the spring are respectively rotatably connected with the telescopic arm and the clamping handle. An installation plate is fixedly installed at the end of the clamping handle away from the clamping head. A roller is rotatably installed on the installation plate, and the roller is in rolling contact with one side wall of the retaining ring.

6. A numerically controlled lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: A stepped groove and a slope groove are opened on one side wall of the retaining ring. One end of the stepped groove and the bottom end of the slope groove are smoothly transitioned. The top end of the slope groove and one side wall of the retaining ring are smoothly transitioned.

7. A numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circular ring is fixedly installed on the support frame. An arc-shaped slider is fixedly installed on the rear plate. The arc-shaped slider is rotatably connected with the circular ring. A driving motor is also fixedly installed on the support frame. The driving end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the chuck.

8. A numerical control lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal driving mechanism is further arranged inside the housing. The horizontal driving mechanism includes an internally threaded cylinder, a threaded rod, a rotating rod, a transmission belt pulley and an opening and closing control motor. The internally threaded cylinder is rotatably installed on the support frame. The threaded rod is fixedly connected with the retaining ring and is in threaded connection with the internally threaded cylinder. The rotating rod is fixedly installed on the internally threaded cylinder. Adjacent rotating rods are in transmission connection through the transmission belt pulley. The opening and closing control motor is fixedly installed on the support frame, and the driving end of the opening and closing control motor is in transmission connection with one of the rotating rods.

9. A numerical control lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support plate is further fixedly installed inside the housing. A support groove is formed in the upper end of the support plate. A roller shaft groove is formed in the inner side wall of the support groove. A support roller is rotatably installed in the roller shaft groove. A support rod is placed in the support groove. A slot is formed in the surface of the front plate. One end of the support rod is inserted into the slot, and a clamping plate is fixedly installed on the support rod. The clamping plate is clamped by a clamping mechanism. A locking nut is in threaded connection with the end of the support rod far away from the clamping plate.

10. A turning process for a sprocket wheel, which uses a numerical control lathe as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Use a measuring tool to measure the diameter of the sprocket blank to be turned, and adjust the length of the telescopic arm extending out of the chuck according to the diameter of the sprocket blank; Open all the jaws through the retaining ring, place the sprocket blank between the opened jaws, and then control the retaining ring to move in the reverse direction so that the multiple jaws grip the sprocket blank; Drive the turning tool to move by the turning mechanism to turn the fixed sprocket blank. After one tooth is turned, control the chuck to rotate so that the next turning position is close to the turning tool of the turning mechanism.

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