Engineering building remote monitoring system and method based on BIM and VR

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering building remote monitoring system and method based on BIM and VR, and relates to the field of engineering building monitoring. Comprising a building virtual design optimization platform, a sensor data acquisition unit, a communication unit and a remote data processing center, the building virtual design optimization platform is used for building scheme optimization before construction and comprises a BIM three-dimensional modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit and an initial building virtual sharing model; the remote data processing center comprises a real-time building information fusion platform, a construction efficiency evaluation unit, a construction precision evaluation unit, an early warning unit and a data storage unit; the real-time building information fusion platform comprises a BIM three-dimensional modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit and a real-time building virtual sharing platform. According to the invention, the visualization and real-time performance of the building construction process can be improved, the construction quality and progress control can be enhanced, and the remote monitoring efficiency and intelligent level can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of engineering construction monitoring, and particularly relates to an engineering construction remote monitoring system and method based on BIM and VR. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing scale of engineering construction, the monitoring requirements at the construction site have become increasingly complex. Traditional monitoring methods often rely on manual inspections and on-site data collection, which are inefficient and prone to information lags. The introduction of remote monitoring technology has broken the spatial limitation, enabling real-time and remote collection and analysis of various data during the engineering construction process, thus greatly improving the convenience and accuracy of engineering construction monitoring. Through the remote monitoring system, managers can obtain real-time data of the construction project at a remote location at any time, including construction progress, material usage, etc., effectively promoting the efficient progress of the engineering construction.

[0003] The increasing maturity of BIM and VR technologies has further improved the efficiency of remote monitoring. BIM technology can provide accurate three-dimensional models of buildings. By integrating with the remote monitoring system, it can reflect the progress and quality of on-site construction in real time, ensuring the consistency between construction operations and design plans. VR technology provides an immersive experience of virtual buildings for managers, enabling different types of engineers to visually observe the actual construction situation and make timely adjustments and optimizations. The combination of these technologies not only improves the overall efficiency of engineering construction but also ensures construction accuracy, helps project managers make more scientific decisions, and thus effectively reduces construction errors and resource waste.

[0004] In the field of engineering construction monitoring, certain research has been carried out. For example, in Chinese Patent Application No. CN202210952294.2, titled "Engineering Construction Remote Monitoring System Based on BIM", data such as the dimensions, materials, and service life of each component of the building are accurately recorded through an information collection module, and a three-dimensional model is constructed. Then, through a stress analysis and data comparison module, three-dimensional monitoring of the building state is achieved; in Chinese Patent Application No. CN202010732891.5, titled "A Building Engineering Monitoring Method, System and Monitoring Server Based on BIM", a BIM model update trajectory is generated by automatically comparing the construction design drawings with on-site data, and real-time synchronization of the model is achieved by dynamically adjusting the building topology map and node parameters, thereby remotely monitoring the construction state.

[0005] However, existing technologies mainly monitor by comparing static 3D models with on-site data, but fail to reflect the dynamic changes in construction in real time and rely too much on manual comparison and update, resulting in possible delays or error accumulation during the construction process. At the same time, existing methods cannot reflect the accuracy and efficiency of engineering construction during remote monitoring, and there is no good early warning mechanism, resulting in low remote monitoring efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an engineering construction remote monitoring system and method based on BIM and VR.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An engineering construction remote monitoring system based on BIM and VR of the present invention includes: a building virtual design optimization platform, a sensor data acquisition unit, a communication unit, and a remote data processing center; the building virtual design optimization platform is used for optimizing the building plan before construction, including a BIM 3D modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit, and an initial building virtual sharing model; the remote data processing center includes a real-time building information fusion platform, a construction efficiency evaluation unit, a construction accuracy evaluation unit, an early warning unit, and a data storage unit; the real-time building information fusion platform includes a BIM 3D modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit, and a real-time building virtual sharing platform;

[0009] The BIM 3D modeling unit is used for 3D modeling of the building;

[0010] The VR virtual interaction unit realizes 3D interaction of the 3D building based on the building 3D model constructed by BIM and VR virtual technology, facilitating information sharing and interaction among different building personnel;

[0011] The initial building virtual sharing model is an optimized virtual building model, which is used to guide the actual building construction work;

[0012] The sensor data acquisition unit is used to collect real-time data information of the building during the actual construction process;

[0013] The communication unit is used for the transmission of data such as sensors;

[0014] The real-time building virtual sharing platform is generated based on the real-time construction progress of the building, integrating BIM technology and VR technology, facilitating real-time monitoring of the engineering building by different building staff;

[0015] The construction efficiency evaluation unit and the construction accuracy evaluation unit are respectively used to calculate the efficiency and accuracy of the current building construction, ensuring the smooth progress of the engineering building;

[0016] The data storage unit is used to store relevant information during the construction of engineering buildings, including but not limited to sensor data, building virtual sharing models, etc.;

[0017] A remote monitoring system and method for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR according to the present invention, based on the above system, includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Before the construction of a building, according to the requirements of the building design drawings, use BIM technology to construct a three-dimensional building model, and combine VR technology to realize the virtual interaction of the three-dimensional building model. Different building engineers enter the building virtual interaction model through VR devices to optimize the building project before construction and obtain an optimized initial building virtual sharing model;

[0019] S2: The construction engineer constructs the building based on the optimized initial building virtual sharing model in S1, and collects real-time building construction information through sensors at the construction site and transmits it to the remote data processing center through the communication network;

[0020] S3: The remote data processing center updates the real-time building BIM model based on the real-time information collected by the sensors in S2, and updates the real-time building virtual sharing model in combination with VR technology;

[0021] S4: Based on the real-time building virtual sharing model in S3, construct a construction accuracy discriminant formula to check the consistency between the latest construction and the initial building virtual sharing model in S1; if the discriminant formula requirements are not met, an early warning message will be automatically sent to the supervision unit; if the discriminant formula requirements are met, enter S5;

[0022] S5: Construct an engineering construction efficiency expression, and judge the current construction efficiency according to the real-time construction progress of the building;

[0023] S6: During the building construction process, the data storage unit stores construction data, including but not limited to the initial building virtual sharing model, sensor acquisition data, early warning data, etc., for technical personnel to perform tasks such as building maintenance, repair, or upgrade in the future.

[0024] The specific steps of using BIM technology to construct a three-dimensional building model in S1 are as follows:

[0025] S11: Obtain the original design drawings of the building, including but not limited to building floor plans, section views, etc., and the content includes but not limited to the geometric shape, size, positional relationship, etc. of the building;

[0026] S12: Construct the information in the original design drawings into a 3D model based on BIM technology; the 3D model includes but is not limited to building structure models, building equipment models, etc.; the building structure model includes but is not limited to walls, floors, roofs, columns, etc.; the building equipment model includes but is not limited to water pipes, cables, air conditioning systems, etc.

[0027] The specific method for realizing virtual interaction in S1 is: import the 3D building model into the VR platform, and use VR devices to enable different types of building engineers to enter the building virtual interaction model for adjustment and optimization in aspects such as space, structure, and equipment.

[0028] The VR devices include but are not limited to VR helmets, VR handheld controllers, and VR omnidirectional walking platforms; the VR helmet can display the virtual 3D building model and provide an immersive visual experience; the VR handheld controller can realize interaction with the virtual 3D building model, including but not limited to selecting components, moving objects, scaling the model, etc.; the VR omnidirectional walking platform can allow engineers to move more naturally in the virtual space.

[0029] The different building engineers in S1 include but are not limited to design engineers, construction engineers, and supervision engineers; the design engineer is responsible for the overall architecture design of the building, such as building design drawings, BIM 3D modeling, etc.; the construction engineer is responsible for the actual construction of the building; the supervision engineer is responsible for the supervision and management of the construction project and real-time processing of existing construction problems or warning information.

[0030] The content optimized in S1 includes but is not limited to structural design optimization, space utilization optimization, etc.; the structural design optimization means optimizing the deficiencies in the original design drawings, such as the overlap and conflict between different types of pipes; the space utilization optimization means optimizing the layout of the internal space of the building to avoid space waste or unreasonable design.

[0031] The sensor in S2 is a lidar sensor.

[0032] The specific method for collecting real-time building construction information in S2 is: outside the building, construct a 3D point cloud model of the building facade through multi-point scanning to capture the geometric features of the overall shape; when used indoors, the lidar device scans the walls, floors, equipment, etc. from different positions, and generates a complete indoor space model by integrating multi-angle data.

[0033] The time domain T in S3 includes but is not limited to 1 hour, 1 day, etc.

[0034] The real-time building BIM model in S3 represents the real-time form of the building during the real-time construction process, including but not limited to building volume, structure, materials, etc.

[0035] The real-time building virtual sharing model in S3 represents a virtual building model constructed based on BIM and VR technologies for remote monitoring by different building engineers, and is used to represent the latest construction status of the building;

[0036] The specific steps for constructing the automatic discriminant in S4 are as follows:

[0037] S41: Global dimension deviation;

[0038] During the actual construction of engineering buildings, the global dimensions represent the geometric structure of the building's appearance, including length, width, and height. The correctness of the global dimensions is crucial for the smooth construction of engineering buildings. The specific calculation expression for the global dimension deviation is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, represents the calculation result of the global dimension deviation, represents the length, width, and height of the building in the real-time building virtual sharing model, represents the length, width, and height of the corresponding part in the initial building virtual sharing model represents the proportional coefficient for calculating the difference in length, width, and height represents the absolute value.

[0041] S42: Internal volume deviation;

[0042] The size of the internal volume directly reflects the accuracy of the construction process. The specific calculation expression for the internal volume deviation is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, represents the calculation result of the internal volume deviation, represents the total number of internal rooms in the real-time building virtual sharing model, respectively represent the length, width, and height of the th room in the real-time building virtual sharing model, represents the length, width, and height of the th room in the initial building virtual sharing model.

[0045] S43: Construction accuracy discriminant;

[0046] Based on the calculated values of S41 and S42, the construction accuracy discriminant is specifically constructed as follows:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, and respectively represent the maximum thresholds of the global dimension deviation and the internal volume deviation, and respectively represent the scaling factors of the maximum thresholds of the global dimension deviation and the internal volume deviation.

[0049] Furthermore, when the S43 is satisfied, it indicates that the construction process of the engineering building is proceeding in the correct direction;

[0050] The efficiency expression constructed in the S5 is used to reflect the progress of the current construction, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, represents the current construction efficiency, represents the current time, represents the planned time of the current node, represents the start time of construction, represents the actual construction volume of the current time node, represents the planned construction volume of the current time node, and respectively represent the proportionality coefficients of the construction time efficiency and the construction volume efficiency.

[0053] Furthermore, when the current construction efficiency in the formula (1.4) is less than the construction efficiency threshold , it indicates that the current construction efficiency meets the requirements; otherwise, it does not meet the requirements, and a warning message needs to be sent to the supervision unit;

[0054] Furthermore, the construction volume in the formula (1.4) represents the current actual completion volume of the building. The indicators used to measure the construction volume include, but are not limited to, the number of building units, the construction area, the concrete pouring volume, etc.; the building units include, but are not limited to, the number of floors, the number of rooms, etc.; the construction area represents the area of the floor that has been completed.

[0055] Beneficial effects

[0056] 1. The present invention can improve the visualization and real-time performance of the building construction process: By combining the BIM technology with the VR technology, a virtual three-dimensional building model is constructed and updated in real time during the construction process to ensure that different building engineers can synchronously share the latest building information. This highly integrated virtual reality environment enables engineers to intuitively understand the construction progress and status of the building, effectively solves the problems of information lag and poor real-time performance in the traditional engineering monitoring method, and greatly improves the transparency of the construction process.

[0057] 2. The present invention can enhance construction quality and progress control: By introducing a construction accuracy discriminant and a construction efficiency expression, the system can effectively monitor the construction accuracy and progress during the construction process. By real-time monitoring the quality of building construction, deviations or delays in construction can be promptly detected, and relevant management personnel can be notified in a timely manner through an automated early warning mechanism, thereby improving the precise control during the construction process and reducing the risks of quality problems and construction delays.

[0058] 3. The present invention can improve remote monitoring efficiency and intelligent level: By combining the data collected by sensors with the dynamic update of the virtual building model, remote monitoring of engineering buildings can be achieved. During the building construction process, the system stores relevant data for future reference in maintenance, repair, or upgrade, thereby realizing the intelligent management of the building life cycle and enhancing the maintenance efficiency in the later stage of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a remote monitoring system for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR according to the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a remote monitoring method for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0061] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.

[0062] Embodiment 1:

[0063] A remote monitoring system for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR, as Figure 1 shown, includes:

[0064] A building virtual design optimization platform, which is used for optimizing the building scheme before construction, and includes a BIM three-dimensional modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit, and an initial building virtual sharing model;

[0065] A sensor data acquisition unit, which is used for acquiring real-time data information of the building during the actual construction process;

[0066] A communication unit, which is used for transmitting sensor data;

[0067] A remote data processing center, which includes a real-time building information fusion platform, a construction efficiency evaluation unit, a construction accuracy evaluation unit, an early warning unit, and a data storage unit.

[0068] The BIM three-dimensional modeling unit is used for three-dimensional modeling of the building;

[0069] The VR virtual interaction unit realizes the three-dimensional interaction of the three-dimensional building based on the building three-dimensional model constructed by BIM and VR virtual technology, facilitating information sharing and interaction among different building personnel;

[0070] The initial building virtual sharing model is the optimized virtual building model, which is used to guide the actual building construction work;

[0071] The real-time building information fusion platform includes a BIM three-dimensional modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit, and a real-time building virtual sharing platform;

[0072] The construction efficiency evaluation unit and the construction precision evaluation unit are respectively used to calculate the efficiency and precision of the current building construction, ensuring the smooth progress of the engineering building;

[0073] The data storage unit is used to store the information during the construction of the engineering building, including sensor data and the building virtual sharing model.

[0074] The real-time building virtual sharing platform is generated based on the real-time construction progress of the building, integrating BIM technology and VR technology, facilitating real-time monitoring of the engineering building by different building staff.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] A remote monitoring method for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR, as Figure 2 shown, includes the following steps:

[0077] S1: Before building construction, according to the requirements of the building design drawing, use BIM technology to construct a three-dimensional building model, and combine VR technology to realize the virtual interaction of the three-dimensional building model. Different building engineers enter the building virtual interaction model through VR devices to optimize the building project before construction and obtain an optimized initial building virtual sharing model;

[0078] S2: The construction engineer constructs based on the optimized initial building virtual sharing model in S1, and collects real-time building construction information through sensors at the construction site, and transmits it to the remote data processing center through the communication network;

[0079] S3: The remote data processing center updates the real-time building BIM model in time domain T based on the real-time information collected by the sensors in S2, and combines VR technology to update the real-time building virtual sharing model;

[0080] S4: Based on the real-time building virtual sharing model in S3, construct a construction precision discriminant formula to check the consistency between the latest construction and the initial building virtual sharing model in S1; if the discriminant formula requirements are not met, an early warning message will be automatically sent to the supervision unit; if the discriminant formula requirements are met, enter S5;

[0081] S5: Construct an expression for the efficiency of engineering construction, and judge the current construction efficiency according to the real-time construction progress of the building;

[0082] S6: During the construction of the building, the data storage unit stores construction data, including the initial building virtual sharing model, sensor acquisition data, and early warning data, for technicians to perform building maintenance, repair, or upgrade tasks in the future.

[0083] The specific steps for constructing a three-dimensional building model using BIM technology in S1 are as follows:

[0084] S11: Obtain the original design drawings of the building, including building floor plans and section views. The content of the design drawings includes the geometric shape, dimensions, and positional relationships of the building;

[0085] S12: Based on BIM technology, construct the information in the original design drawings into a three-dimensional model; the three-dimensional model includes a building structure model and a building equipment model; the building structure model includes walls, floors, roofs, and columns; the building equipment model includes water pipes, cables, and air conditioning systems.

[0086] The specific method for realizing virtual interaction in S1 is: Import the three-dimensional building model into the VR platform, and use VR devices to enable different types of building engineers to enter the building virtual interaction model to make adjustments and optimizations in terms of space, structure, and equipment;

[0087] VR devices include VR headsets, VR handheld controllers, and VR omnidirectional walking platforms; VR headsets can display virtual three-dimensional building models and provide an immersive visual experience; VR handheld controllers can realize interaction with virtual three-dimensional building models, including selecting components, moving objects, and scaling models; VR omnidirectional walking platforms can enable engineers to move more naturally in the virtual space;

[0088] The different building engineers in S1 include design engineers, construction engineers, and supervision engineers; design engineers are responsible for the overall architecture design of the building; construction engineers are responsible for the actual construction of the building; supervision engineers are responsible for the supervision and management of construction projects and handle existing construction problems or early warning information in real time;

[0089] The content optimized in S1 includes structural design optimization, space utilization optimization, etc.; structural design optimization means optimizing the deficiencies in the original design drawings; space utilization optimization means optimizing the layout of the internal space of the building to avoid space waste or unreasonable design.

[0090] The sensor in S2 is a lidar sensor;

[0091] The specific method for collecting real-time building construction information in S2 is as follows: Outside the building, a three-dimensional point cloud model of the building facade is constructed through multi-point scanning to capture the geometric features of the overall shape; when used indoors, lidar devices scan the walls, floors, equipment, etc. from different positions, and a complete indoor space model is generated by integrating data from multiple angles.

[0092] The time domain T in S3 is 1 hour or 1 day;

[0093] The real-time building BIM model in S3 represents the real-time form of the building during the real-time construction process, including building volume, structure, and materials;

[0094] The real-time building virtual sharing model in S3 represents a virtual building model constructed based on BIM and VR technologies for remote monitoring by different building engineers, and is used to represent the latest construction situation of the building.

[0095] The specific steps for constructing the automatic discriminant in S4 are as follows:

[0096] S41: Global dimension deviation;

[0097] The specific calculation expression for global dimension deviation is as follows:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, represents the calculation result of global dimension deviation, represents the length, width, and height of the building in the real-time building virtual sharing model, represents the length, width, and height of the corresponding part in the initial building virtual sharing model, represents the proportional coefficient for calculating the difference in length, width, and height, represents the absolute value;

[0100] S42: Internal volume deviation;

[0101] The specific calculation expression for internal volume deviation is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, represents the calculation result of internal volume deviation, represents the total number of internal rooms in the real-time building virtual sharing model, respectively represent the length, width, and height of the th room in the real-time building virtual sharing model, represents the length, width, and height of the th room in the initial building virtual sharing model;

[0104] S43: Construction accuracy discriminant;

[0105] Based on the calculated values of S41 and S42, the construction accuracy discriminant is specifically constructed as follows:

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, and respectively represent the maximum thresholds of the global dimension deviation and the internal volume deviation, and respectively represent the scaling coefficients of the maximum thresholds of the global dimension deviation and the internal volume deviation;

[0108] When S43 is satisfied, it indicates that the construction process of the engineering building is proceeding in the correct direction.

[0109] The efficiency expression constructed in S5 is used to reflect the progress of the current construction, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, represents the current construction efficiency, represents the current time, represents the planned time of the current node, represents the start time of construction, represents the actual construction volume of the current time node, represents the planned construction volume of the current time node, and respectively represent the proportionality coefficients of the construction time efficiency and the construction volume efficiency;

[0112] When calculating the current construction efficiency is less than the engineering construction efficiency threshold , it indicates that the current construction efficiency meets the requirements; otherwise, it does not meet the requirements, and a warning message needs to be sent to the supervision unit;

[0113] The construction volume represents the current actual completion volume of the building, and the indicators used to measure the construction volume size include the number of building units, the construction area, and the concrete pouring volume; the building units include the number of floors and the number of rooms; the construction area represents the area of the completed floor surface.

[0114] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A remote monitoring system for engineering construction based on BIM and VR, characterized in that, Including: A building virtual design optimization platform, which is used for optimizing building plans before construction. It includes a BIM 3D modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit, and an initial building virtual sharing model; A sensor data acquisition unit, which is used to collect real-time data information of the building during the actual construction process; A communication unit, which is used for transmitting sensor data; A remote data processing center, which includes a real-time building information fusion platform, a construction efficiency evaluation unit, a construction accuracy evaluation unit, an early warning unit, and a data storage unit.

2. A remote monitoring system for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR according to claim 1, characterized in that The BIM 3D modeling unit is used for 3D modeling of the building; The VR virtual interaction unit realizes 3D interaction of the 3D building based on the building 3D model constructed by BIM and VR virtual technology, facilitating information sharing and interaction among different building personnel; The initial building virtual sharing model is an optimized virtual building model, which is used to guide the actual building construction work; The real-time building information fusion platform includes a BIM 3D modeling unit, a VR virtual interaction unit, and a real-time building virtual sharing platform; The construction efficiency evaluation unit and the construction accuracy evaluation unit are respectively used to calculate the efficiency and accuracy of the current building construction, ensuring the smooth progress of the engineering building; The data storage unit is used to store information during the construction of the engineering building, including sensor data and building virtual sharing models.

3. The engineering building remote monitoring system based on BIM and VR according to claim 2, characterized in that, The real-time building virtual sharing platform is generated based on the real-time construction progress of the building, integrating BIM technology and VR technology, facilitating real-time monitoring of the engineering building by different building staff.

4. A remote monitoring method for engineering construction based on BIM and VR, which is an implementation method of a remote monitoring system for engineering construction based on BIM and VR according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Before building construction, according to the requirements of the building design drawing, use BIM technology to construct a 3D building model, and combine VR technology to realize virtual interaction of the 3D building model. Different building engineers enter the building virtual interaction model through VR devices to optimize the building project before construction and obtain an optimized initial building virtual sharing model; S2: The construction engineer constructs based on the optimized initial building virtual sharing model in S1, and collects real-time building information through sensors at the construction site and transmits it to the remote data processing center through the communication network; S3: The remote data processing center updates the real-time building BIM model based on the real-time information collected by the sensor in S2 through the time domain T, and updates the real-time building virtual sharing model in combination with VR technology; S4: Based on the real-time building virtual sharing model in S3, construct a construction accuracy discriminant formula to check the consistency between the latest construction and the initial building virtual sharing model in S1; if the discriminant formula requirements are not met, an early warning message will be automatically sent to the supervision unit; if the discriminant formula requirements are met, go to S5; S5: Construct an engineering construction efficiency expression and judge the current construction efficiency according to the real-time construction progress of the building. S6: During the construction process of a building, the data storage unit stores construction data, including the initial building virtual shared model, sensor acquisition data, and early warning data, for technicians to perform building maintenance, repair, or upgrade tasks in the future.

5. A remote monitoring method for engineering buildings based on BIM and VR according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for constructing a three-dimensional building model using BIM technology in S1 are as follows: S11: Obtain the original design drawings of the building, including building floor plans and sectional views. The content of the design drawings includes the geometric shape, dimensions, and positional relationships of the building. S12: Based on BIM technology, construct the information in the original design drawings into a three-dimensional model. The three-dimensional model includes a building structure model and a building equipment model. The building structure model includes walls, floors, roofs, and columns. The building equipment model includes water pipes, cables, and air conditioning systems.

6. A remote monitoring method for engineering construction based on BIM and VR according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific method for realizing virtual interaction in S1 is: Import the three-dimensional building model into the VR platform. Using VR devices, different types of building engineers can enter the building virtual interaction model to make adjustments and optimizations in terms of space, structure, and equipment. The VR devices include a VR helmet, a VR handheld controller, and a VR omnidirectional walking platform. The VR helmet displays the virtual three-dimensional building model, providing an immersive visual experience. The VR handheld controller realizes interaction with the virtual three-dimensional building model, including selecting components, moving objects, and scaling the model. The VR omnidirectional walking platform allows engineers to move more naturally in the virtual space. The different building engineers in S1 include design engineers, construction engineers, and supervision engineers. Design engineers are responsible for the overall architecture design of the building. Construction engineers are responsible for the actual construction of the building. Supervision engineers are responsible for the supervision and management of construction projects and deal with existing construction problems or early warning information in real time. The content optimized in S1 includes structural design optimization and space utilization optimization. Structural design optimization means optimizing the deficiencies in the original design drawings. Space utilization optimization means optimizing the layout of the internal space of the building to avoid space waste or unreasonable design.

7. A remote monitoring method for engineering construction based on BIM and VR according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensor in S2 is a lidar sensor. The specific method for collecting real-time construction information of the building in S2 is: Outside the building, construct a three-dimensional point cloud model of the building facade through multi-point scanning to capture the geometric features of the overall shape. When used indoors, the lidar device scans the walls, floors, and equipment from different positions, and generates a complete indoor space model by integrating multi-angle data.

8. A remote monitoring method for engineering construction based on BIM and VR according to claim 4, characterized in that, The time domain T in S3 is 1 hour or 1 day. The real-time building BIM model in S3 represents the real-time form of the building during the real-time construction process, including the building volume, structure, and materials. The real-time building virtual shared model in S3 represents a virtual building model constructed based on BIM and VR technologies for different building engineers to remotely monitor, and is used to represent the latest construction situation of the building.

9. A remote monitoring method for engineering construction based on BIM and VR according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for constructing an automated discriminant in S4 are as follows: S41: Global dimensional deviation; The specific calculation expression for the global dimensional deviation is: In the formula, represents the calculation result of the global dimension deviation, represents the length, width and height of the building in the real-time building virtual sharing model, represents the length, width and height of the corresponding part in the initial building virtual sharing model, represents the proportional system for calculating the difference in length, width and height, represents the absolute value; S42: Internal volume deviation; The specific calculation expression for the internal volume deviation is: In the formula, represents the calculation result of the internal volume deviation, represents the total number of internal rooms in the real-time building virtual sharing model, respectively represent the length, width, and height of the th room in the real-time building virtual sharing model, represents the length, width, and height of the th room in the initial building virtual sharing model; S43: Construction accuracy discriminant formula; Based on the calculated values of S41 and S42, the construction accuracy discriminant formula is specifically constructed as follows: In the formula, and respectively represent the maximum thresholds of the global dimension deviation and the internal volume deviation, and respectively represent the scaling factors of the maximum thresholds of the global dimension deviation and the internal volume deviation; When the above-mentioned S43 is satisfied, it indicates that the construction process of the engineering building proceeds in the correct direction.

10. A remote monitoring method for engineering construction based on BIM and VR according to claim 4, characterized in that, The efficiency expression constructed in S5 is used to reflect the progress of the current construction, and the specific calculation formula is: In the formula, represents the current construction efficiency, represents the current time, represents the planned time of the current node, represents the start time of construction, represents the actual construction volume of the current time node, represents the planned construction volume of the current time node, , respectively represent the proportionality coefficients of construction time efficiency and construction volume efficiency; When calculating the current construction efficiency less than the engineering construction efficiency threshold it means that the current construction efficiency meets the requirements; otherwise, it does not meet the requirements and a warning message needs to be sent to the supervision unit; The construction quantity represents the current actual completed quantity of the building. The indicators for measuring the construction quantity include the number of building units, the construction area, and the concrete pouring volume; the building units include the number of floors and the number of rooms; the construction area represents the area of the floor that has been completed.

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