Furnace top slag spraying drainage device of die steel electric arc furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a die steel electric arc furnace top slag spraying and drainage device, and relates to the technical field of electric arc furnace auxiliary equipment, the die steel electric arc furnace top slag spraying and drainage device comprises a main body cover which covers a top furnace mouth of an electric arc furnace and is used for shielding and drainage of slag spraying of the electric arc furnace, and a driving upper seat is fixedly arranged at the center position of the upper end of the main body cover; the clamping parts are fixedly installed on the lower portion of the periphery of the main body cover in an annular array mode and used for fixedly installing the main body cover on a furnace opening of the electric arc furnace; the protection part is adjustably mounted on the driving upper seat and is used for protecting the electrode column and preventing sprayed slag from adhering to the surface of the electrode column; the scraping component is mounted on the main body cover and is used for scraping and guiding sprayed slag adhered to the interior of the main body cover; and the driving part is installed in the driving upper base and used for controlling movable adjustment of the protection part, the spraying slag is effectively prevented from being attached to the surface of the electrode column, and secondary mechanical damage caused by a traditional scraping mode is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for electric arc furnaces, and particularly relates to a slag spraying and drainage device for the top of a mold steel electric arc furnace. Background Art

[0002] An electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that uses the high temperature generated by an electrode arc to smelt ores and metals. When an electric arc is formed by gas discharge, the energy is very concentrated, and the temperature in the arc region is above 3000 °C. For smelting metals, the electric arc furnace has greater process flexibility than other steelmaking furnaces, can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus, is easy to control the furnace temperature, has a small footprint, and is suitable for smelting high-quality alloy steels. Mold steel needs to use an electric arc furnace during the processing process. During the operation of the electric arc furnace, there is a possibility of slag spraying on the top of the furnace. In order to improve the safety during the operation of the electric arc furnace, a drainage device needs to be installed at the top of the electric arc furnace.

[0003] During the use of the existing slag spraying and drainage device for the top of a mold steel electric arc furnace, after the slag liquid sprays out along the electrode hole, part of the slag liquid flows along the drainage device to the collection point, and part of the slag liquid adheres to the outside of the electrode and the electrode holder. The existence of this part of the slag liquid causes damage to both the electrode and the electrode holder. If the slag liquid adhering to the outside of the electrode is not processed in the short term, it will affect the use efficiency of the electrode.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, Chinese Patent with application number 202411357849.4 discloses a slag spraying and drainage device and a drainage method for the top of a mold steel electric arc furnace. In this patent solution, it includes upper and lower collection covers, and a drainage auxiliary component containing a high-temperature resistant brush cloth is driven to surround the electrode through a sliding block; the lifting of the brush cloth is controlled by an electric telescopic rod, and a driving motor drives a rotating brush cloth to scrape the slag liquid on the surface of the electrode.

[0005] However, during the actual use of the electric arc furnace, the temperature of the electrode column is high at the position close to the bottom of the electric arc furnace, and the sprayed slag will liquefy and will not adhere to the electrode column. While at the position close to the furnace mouth, the temperature is low, and the sprayed slag will adhere to the electrode column. And the above patent uses a rotating brush cloth to roll-brush the surface of the electrode column. At this time, the position of the roll-brush is the position close to the furnace mouth. Therefore, the sprayed slag may also adhere to the brush cloth. Once the sprayed slag adheres to the brush cloth, the high-speed rotating brush cloth will drive the sprayed slag to impact on the electrode column, damaging the electrode column, and instead failing to achieve the protection effect on the electrode column. Therefore, when draining the sprayed slag, it is necessary to consider that the sprayed slag will not affect the electrode column. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a slag spraying and drainage device for the top of a mold steel electric arc furnace, which can solve the problem that the existing electrode furnace for removing sprayed slag is likely to cause secondary damage to the electrode column.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A slag spraying and drainage device for a mold steel electric arc furnace top, comprising: The main body cover is installed at the top furnace mouth of the electric arc furnace to shield and drain the slag spraying of the electric arc furnace. A driving upper seat is fixedly arranged at the center position of the upper end of the main body cover; The clamping components are fixedly mounted in a circular array on the lower part of the outer periphery of the main body cover, and are used to fix the main body cover on the furnace mouth of the electric arc furnace; A protective component, which is adjustably mounted on the driving upper seat and is used to protect the electrode column to prevent the spray slag from adhering to the surface of the electrode column; A scraping component is installed on the main body cover and is used to scrape and guide the spray slag adhered to the inside of the main body cover; The driving component is installed in the driving upper seat and is used to control the movable adjustment of the protective component.

[0008] Preferably, the main body cover comprises: An outer cover, which is fixedly mounted on the lower periphery of the driving upper seat and is used to close the furnace mouth of the electric arc furnace; The inner cover, whose lower part is fixedly connected to the inner lower part of the outer cover, forms a guide cavity between the inner cover and the outer cover, and the guide cavity is connected to the external suction device through a pipeline, so as to suck out the drained slag liquid; The annular guide plate is an annular flat plate fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the inner cover and is used for limiting and guiding the scraping rotation of the scraping component.

[0009] Preferably, the scraping component comprises: The annular connecting seat has a U-shaped cross section and is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the annular guide plate; A scraper seat, which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the annular connecting seat, and on which a scraper 1 and a scraper 2 are fixedly connected, wherein the scraper 1 is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the outer cover, and the scraper 2 is slidably fitted on the side wall of the inner cover close to the outer cover; The scraper three is fixedly connected to the lower part of the annular connecting seat and is slidably fitted on the side wall of the inner cover away from the outer cover.

[0010] Preferably, the scraping component further comprises: A motor seat, which is fixedly mounted on the driving upper seat, and a scraping motor is fixedly mounted on the motor seat; Gear 1, which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the scraping motor; The outer gear teeth are arranged on the upper periphery of the annular connecting seat and are connected with the gear one through meshing transmission. The gear one is driven to rotate by the scraping motor, and the annular connecting seat is driven to rotate under the gear meshing transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the scraper three comprises: The lower seat plate is fixedly connected to the annular connecting seat, and a scraping chute is provided on one side of the lower seat plate close to the inner cover; The scraping plate sliding sleeve is slidably connected in the scraping chute, and a telescopic scraping plate for scraping the slag adhered to the inner cover is fixedly connected thereto; The pressing spring has one end fixedly connected to the bottom of the scraping chute and the other end fixedly connected to the telescopic scraping plate, and is used to provide a reset elastic force to the telescopic scraping plate.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping component includes: The clamping seat is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the main body cover, and an unlocking chute is provided on one side thereof; The locking block is slidably installed on the clamping seat and is connected to the side wall of the clamping seat through a locking spring. A locking chamfer is provided at the lower part of the side close to the main body cover; The sliding guide rail is fixedly connected to the top inside the clamping seat and is used to guide and limit the sliding of the locking block; The locking stop block is slidably connected with the sliding guide rail; The unlocking pull plate is fixedly connected to the side of the locking block close to the unlocking chute and extends outside the clamping seat, and is used to control the sliding unlocking of the locking block.

[0013] Preferably, the driving upper seat includes an upper seat bottom plate fixedly connected to the upper end of the main body cover. A central position on the upper end of the upper seat bottom plate is fixedly connected with an upper seat surrounding plate, and the top of the upper seat surrounding plate is fixedly connected with an upper seat top plate. A plurality of through holes for the electrode posts to penetrate are provided on both the upper seat bottom plate and the upper seat top plate; The protection component includes: The bearing sleeve is of a circular tubular structure and is rotatably installed on the upper seat top plate. The inner diameter of the bearing sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the electrode post; The electrode arc plates are annularly arranged in an array according to the inner diameter of the bearing sleeve and are slidably connected to the through holes of the upper seat bottom plate. The electrode arc plates are used to slidably adhere to the surface of the electrode post to prevent the slag from splashing onto the electrode post; The telescopic protection cloth is used to connect adjacent electrode arc plates. It is an elastic high-temperature resistant cloth and is used to slidably adhere to the surface of the electrode post to prevent the slag from splashing onto the electrode post.

[0014] Preferably, the protection component further includes: The sector baffle is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the electrode arc plate and is used to block the through holes at the installation positions of the electrode arc plates on the upper seat bottom plate when the electrode arc plates contract. A sector-shaped sliding plate is provided at the bottom of the sector baffle; The sector chute is slidably connected to the sector-shaped sliding plate, and two groups of sector chutes are slidably connected to each group of sector baffles; The sliding plate spring is used to elastically connect the two groups of sector chutes on the sector baffle.

[0015] Preferably, the driving component comprises: Driving support plates, which are fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve, and the number of which corresponds to the number of electrode arc plates; A limit guide rail is fixedly mounted on the upper seat bottom plate, on which a limit slide groove is arranged, and a limit slider is slidably connected to the limit slide groove, and one end of the limit slider is fixedly connected to the electrode arc plate; The driving connecting rod has one end rotatably connected to the driving support plate, and the other end rotatably connected to the end of the limiting sliding block away from the electrode arc plate.

[0016] Preferably, the driving component further comprises: The electrode bracket is fixedly mounted on the inner gear ring, on which a driving motor is fixedly mounted. Gear 2, which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor; An inner gear ring is rotatably mounted on the driving motor, and its inner circumference is provided with gear teeth meshing with the second gear; Gear three is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve and is meshed and transmission-connected with the gear teeth on the inner periphery of the inner gear ring.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention effectively prevents the spray slag from adhering to the surface of the electrode column and avoids secondary mechanical damage caused by the traditional scraping method. The adjustable protective layer can adapt to the operating requirements of electrode columns of different diameters and maintain a continuous and complete protective surface. The multi-stage scraping structure works together to ensure the smooth flow of the diversion channel and improve the slag liquid suction efficiency. The dynamic adjustment mechanism achieves a close fit between the protective layer and the electrode surface, improving the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0018] It effectively solves the problem of electrode column surface damage caused by slag spraying adhering to the furnace mouth, and realizes efficient slag diversion and rapid suction discharge. The coordination of the diversion chamber and the suction device transfers the slag liquid before solidification, avoiding thermal stress damage to the electrode caused by slag liquid retention in traditional devices. The structural design of the annular guide plate further improves the stability and reliability of the scraping operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the present invention as a whole; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention as a whole; Figure 4 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view in the A-A direction of the present invention; Figure 3 in the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view in the D-D direction of the present invention; Figure 4 in the present invention; Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic structure view at position D of the present invention; Figure 5 in the present invention; Figure 8 is a front view schematic structure view of the whole of the present invention with the main body cover removed; Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view in the B-B direction of the present invention; Figure 8 in the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view in the C-C direction of the present invention; Figure 8 in the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Driving upper seat; 11. Upper seat bottom plate; 12. Upper seat surrounding plate; 13. Upper seat top plate; 2. Main body cover; 21. Outer cover; 22. Inner cover; 23. Annular guide plate; 24. Flow guiding cavity; 3. Clamping component; 31. Clamping seat; 32. Unlocking chute; 33. Locking block; 34. Locking spring; 35. Unlocking pull plate; 36. Locking stop block; 37. Sliding guide; 38. Locking chamfer; 4. Protection component; 41. Bearing sleeve; 42. Electrode arc plate; 43. Telescopic protection cloth; 44. Sector baffle; 45. Sector chute; 46. Sector slide plate; 47. Slide plate spring; 5. Scraping component; 51. Motor seat; 52. Scraping motor; 53. Gear one; 54. Annular connecting seat; 55. Outer gear teeth; 56. Scraper seat; 57. Scraper one; 58. Scraper two; 59. Scraper three; 591. Lower seat plate; 592. Scraper chute; 593. Telescopic scraper; 594. Pressing spring; 595. Scraper sliding sleeve; 6. Driving component; 61. Inner gear ring; 62. Electrode support; 63. Driving motor; 64. Gear two; 65. Gear three; 66. Driving support plate; 67. Driving connecting rod; 68. Limit guide; 681. Avoidance groove; 69. Limit slider. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-10As shown in the figure, the present invention is a slag spraying and drainage device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel, including a main body cover 2, a clamping component 3, a protective component 4, a scraping component 5 and a driving component 6. The main body cover 2 covers the top furnace opening of the electric arc furnace to form a sealing barrier, and a diversion cavity 24 is arranged inside it to connect with an external suction device to achieve directional drainage of slag liquid. The clamping component 3 fixes the main body cover 2 on the furnace opening in a circumferential array distribution manner to ensure the connection stability under high-temperature environment. The protective component 4 controls the unfolding amplitude of the electrode arc plate 42 through the driving component 6 to form an adjustable annular protective layer to wrap the surface of the electrode column. The scraping component 5 clears the residual slag liquid on the inner wall of the cover through multi-stage scrapers to prevent the diversion channel from being blocked.

[0024] Among them, the main body cover 2 is a cover structure covering the furnace opening of the electric arc furnace. It adopts a combination of an inner and outer double-layer cover to form a diversion cavity 24. The outer cover 21 realizes the sealing of the furnace opening, and the inner cover 22 supports the movement of the scraping component 5 through an annular guide plate 23. The clamping component 3 refers to a mechanical connection device for quickly installing the cover, and realizes the self-locking function through a locking chamfer 38. The protective component 4 refers to a high-temperature resistant protection structure for wrapping the electrode column. Specifically, it adopts a combination of a radially slidable electrode arc plate 42 and an elastic telescopic protective cloth 43 to form a continuously covered protective surface. The scraping component 5 is a cleaning device for removing the residual slag liquid on the inner wall of the cover, and adopts a structure in which an annular connecting seat 54 drives multiple groups of scrapers to rotate synchronously along the guide rail. The driving component 6 is a transmission mechanism for controlling the unfolding of the protective component 4.

[0025] Specifically, after the main body cover 2 covers the furnace opening, a closed space is formed, and the splashed slag liquid is restricted in the diversion cavity 24 and discharged by pipeline suction. The clamping component 3 is engaged with the edge of the furnace opening through a spring locking block 33 to ensure the fixing effect of the cover under high-temperature vibration. The electrode arc plate 42 in the protective component 4 slides radially under the action of the driving component 6, driving the telescopic protective cloth 43 to fit the surface of the electrode column with different diameters, forming a continuous protective layer to prevent the slag liquid from contacting the electrode. The annular connecting seat 54 of the scraping component 5 rotates along the guide rail under the drive of the motor, driving the scraper one 57 and the scraper two 58 to clean the side walls of the outer cover 21 and the inner cover 22 respectively. The scraper three 59 adaptively cleans the inner wall of the inner cover 22 through a spring pressing mechanism. The driving component 6 converts the rotational motion into a linear motion of the electrode arc plate 42 through gear transmission to achieve precise adjustment of the diameter of the protective layer.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the traditional solution uses a rotating brush to directly contact the electrode surface for scraping. In this solution, a physical isolation is formed on the electrode surface through an adjustable protective layer, fundamentally avoiding the attachment of sprayed slag. Chinese Patent Application No. 202411357849.4 discloses a slag spraying and drainage device and a drainage method for the top of an electric arc furnace for die steel. In the electric telescopic rod lifting mechanism in this patent solution, only single-point position adjustment can be achieved. The gear and ring gear drive system in this solution can synchronously control the coordinated movement of multiple electrode arc plates 42 to adapt to the diameter change and position offset of the electrode column.

[0027] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively prevents the attachment of sprayed slag on the surface of the electrode column and avoids secondary mechanical damage caused by the traditional scraping method. The adjustable protective layer can adapt to the operation requirements of electrode columns with different diameters and maintain a continuous and complete protective surface. The multi-stage scraping structure works together to ensure the smooth flow of the diversion channel and improve the slag liquid suction efficiency. The dynamic adjustment mechanism realizes the close fit between the protective layer and the electrode surface, enhancing the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 2-6 As shown, this application further proposes a main cover 2 structure including an outer cover 21, an inner cover 22, and an annular guide plate 23. The outer cover 21 is fixedly installed on the lower outer periphery of the driving upper seat 1 for closing the furnace mouth of the electric arc furnace; the lower part of the inner cover 22 is fixedly connected to the inner lower part of the outer cover 21, forming a diversion cavity 24 between the outer cover 21 and the inner cover 22. The diversion cavity 24 is connected to an external suction device through a pipeline; the annular guide plate 23 is an annular flat plate fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the inner cover 22.

[0029] Among them, the outer cover 21 refers to a closed component covering the top of the electric arc furnace, used to prevent the sprayed slag from directly splashing outside the furnace mouth. The inner cover 22 refers to an inner cover body forming a sandwich structure with the outer cover 21. The diversion cavity 24 formed between it and the outer cover 21 can achieve the directional flow of the slag liquid through negative pressure suction. The annular guide plate 23 refers to an annular guiding structure fixed on the inner wall of the inner cover 22, used to restrict the movement trajectory of the scraping component 5.

[0030] Specifically, the outer cover 21 is installed at the bottom of the driving upper seat 1 through a flange connection method, completely covering the furnace mouth of the electric arc furnace to form the first physical barrier. The inner cover 22 is fixedly connected to the outer cover 21 through bolts. The annular diversion cavity 24 formed between them is connected to an external vacuum pump through a flange interface. When the sprayed slag splashes onto the inner wall of the outer cover 21, the slag liquid flows downward along the inner wall and enters the diversion cavity 24. The suction device continuously extracts the slag liquid through the diversion cavity 24 to an external collection container. The annular guide plate 23 is fixedly welded to the inner periphery of the inner cover 22, and its annular plane provides an accurate annular movement track for the scraper assembly, ensuring that the scraper always remains in contact with the inner wall of the cover during rotation.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, traditional slag spraying and drainage devices usually adopt a single-layer cover structure, and the slag liquid only flows naturally by gravity, which is easy to form residual accumulation at the edge of the cover. In this application, a forced diversion channel is formed through a double-layer cover structure, and the slag liquid is actively discharged by combining negative pressure suction, avoiding the problem of secondary solidification of the slag liquid in the furnace mouth area. At the same time, the setting of the annular guide plate 23 enables the scraping component 5 to have a stable movement path when removing the residual slag liquid, solving the problem of cleaning blind spots caused by movement deviation of the scraper in the traditional device.

[0032] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively solves the problem of damage to the surface of the electrode column caused by slag adhesion at the furnace mouth, and at the same time realizes the efficient diversion and rapid suction and discharge of the slag liquid. The cooperation between the diversion cavity 24 and the suction device transfers the slag liquid before solidification, avoiding the thermal stress damage of the electrode caused by the retention of the slag liquid in the traditional device. The structural design of the annular guide plate 23 further improves the stability and reliability of the scraping operation.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figures 5-6 As shown, this application further proposes a scraping component 5 including an annular connecting seat 54, a scraper seat 56, a first scraper 57, a second scraper 58 and a third scraper 59. The annular connecting seat 54 has a U-shaped annular cross-section and is rotatably installed inside the annular guide plate 23. The scraper seat 56 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular connecting seat 54. The first scraper 57 and the second scraper 58 are respectively fixed on both sides of the scraper seat 56, and the third scraper 59 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the annular connecting seat 54.

[0034] Among them, the annular connecting seat 54 refers to an annular support structure for carrying the scraper assembly, and is rotatably installed by cooperating with the annular guide plate 23 through rollers. This structure maintains overall stability during rotation and provides a basis for synchronous movement of multiple layers of scrapers. The first scraper 57 refers to a plate-shaped component that slides into contact with the inner wall of the outer cover 21, and an arc-shaped cutting edge is provided at its front end to adapt to the curved surface contour of the outer cover 21 for removing the slag adhered to the inner wall of the outer cover 21. The second scraper 58 refers to a scraper that contacts the side wall of the outer cover 21 adjacent to the inner cover 22, and is fixed to the side of the scraper seat 56 by bolts for cleaning the residue in the gap area between the two covers. The third scraper 59 refers to an inverted scraper located at the lower part of the annular connecting seat 54, and is connected to the annular connecting seat 54 through a bottom hinge mechanism, and keeps continuous contact with the outer side wall of the inner cover 22 under the action of gravity.

[0035] Specifically, when the annular connecting seat 54 rotates driven by the driving component 6, the three groups of scrapers move along different trajectories respectively. Scraper one 57 slides in a circle along the inner wall of the outer cover 21 to remove the slag attachments in the largest radial area. Scraper two 58 scrapes vertically on the side wall of the guide cavity 24 formed by the inner and outer covers 21 to eliminate the accumulation of slag at the junction of the two covers. Scraper three 59 clings to the outer side of the inner cover 22 through its own elastic deformation, and continuously scrapes the solidified slag layer in this area during rotation. The three-layer scraper formed by the three-layer scraper covers all the inner surfaces of the main cover 2, and the inverted installation design of scraper three 59 solves the technical problem that the traditional single-layer scraper cannot cover the outside of the inner cover 22. Each scraper maintains dynamic contact with the corresponding wall surface, and the composite structure design of flexible material and rigid support ensures the scraping force and avoids structural damage caused by rigid friction.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the conventional arc furnace scraper device mostly adopts a single-layer scraper structure, which has a blind spot in cleaning and is prone to gaps after the scraper is worn. This solution integrates three layers of scrapers with different directions through the annular connecting seat 54, so that the scraping range covers the inner and outer side walls and the connection area of the cover. In the prior art, the scrapers are mostly installed at a fixed angle, which is difficult to adapt to the wall deformation caused by thermal deformation. The elastic contact design of the scraper three 59 of this solution can automatically compensate for the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the equipment, ensuring continuous fit during long-term use.

[0037] Through the above technical solution, the present application effectively solves the residual problem caused by the structural gap during the scraping process, and avoids the secondary condensation of the sprayed slag on the inner wall of the cover. The synergistic effect of the three groups of scrapers realizes the comprehensive cleaning of the inner surface of the cover, reduces the frequency of manual cleaning and extends the equipment maintenance cycle. The application of the elastic contact structure reduces the mechanical wear of the scraper and the cover, so that the device can still maintain a stable scraping efficiency under high temperature conditions.

[0038] The present application further proposes that the scraping component 5 also includes a motor seat 51, a scraping motor 52, a gear 1 53, and an outer gear 55. The motor seat 51 is fixedly mounted on the driving upper seat 1, on which the scraping motor 52 is mounted; the gear 1 53 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the scraping motor 52; the outer gear 55 is arranged on the upper periphery of the annular connecting seat 54 and is meshed and connected with the gear 1 53. The scraping motor 52 drives the gear 1 53 to rotate, and the annular connecting seat 54 is driven to rotate under the gear meshing transmission.

[0039] Among them, the motor seat 51 refers to a supporting structure for fixing the scraping motor 52, the gear 1 53 refers to a transmission gear rigidly connected to the output shaft of the scraping motor 52, and the outer gear teeth 55 refer to a toothed structure arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting seat 54.

[0040] Specifically, after the scraping motor 52 is powered on, it drives the first gear 53 to rotate. The meshing of the first gear 53 with the outer teeth 55 transmits the rotational power to the annular connecting seat 54. The annular connecting seat 54 rotates circumferentially along the annular guide plate 23 under the drive of gear meshing, driving the first scraper 57, the second scraper 58, and the third scraper 59 fixed thereon to move synchronously. During the rotation process, each scraper maintains a sliding contact with the inner wall of the cover, and removes the adhered slag by mechanical scraping. The gear meshing transmission method avoids the slipping phenomenon existing in the traditional belt transmission, ensuring the accuracy of the scraper movement trajectory. The rotation speed of the annular connecting seat 54 can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the scraping motor 52 to adapt to the slag removal requirements with different adhesion degrees.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the existing drainage device uses a rotating brush cloth to directly contact the surface of the electrode post. When rotating at high speed, the slag adhered to the bristles is easily thrown towards the electrode post, causing surface damage. However, the present technology adopts a gear-driven annular scraper structure. The scraper maintains a constant contact pressure with the inner wall of the cover, only removing the slag that has adhered to the wall surface and avoiding secondary splashing. The gear transmission system has higher transmission accuracy, which can ensure that the movement trajectory of the scraper completely matches the curvature of the inner wall of the cover, eliminating the problem of insufficient local scraping force caused by the eccentric movement of the traditional rotating brush cloth.

[0042] The present application further proposes that the third scraper 59 includes a lower seat plate 591, a scraper sliding sleeve 595, a telescopic scraper 593, and a top pressure spring 594. The lower seat plate 591 is fixedly connected to the annular connecting seat 54, and a scraper chute 592 is provided on one side close to the inner cover 22. The scraper sliding sleeve 595 is slidably connected in the scraper chute 592 and is fixed to the telescopic scraper 593. The two ends of the top pressure spring 594 are respectively connected to the bottom of the scraper chute 592 and the telescopic scraper 593.

[0043] Among them, the lower seat plate 591 refers to the installation base for carrying the main structure of the third scraper 59, and its function is to provide rigid support for the scraper chute 592 to ensure the overall structural stability. The scraper chute 592 refers to the guiding channel opened along the length direction of the lower seat plate 591, and its function is to provide a linear sliding path for the scraper sliding sleeve 595 and limit the displacement direction of the telescopic scraper 593. The scraper sliding sleeve 595 refers to the sliding component that cooperates with the scraper chute 592, and its function is to form a slidable connection between the telescopic scraper 593 and the lower seat plate 591 to realize the adaptive adjustment of the lateral position of the scraper. The telescopic scraper 593 refers to the scraping component 5 that directly contacts the wall surface of the inner cover 22, and its function is to continuously fit the surface of the inner cover 22 under the action of the top pressure spring 594 to remove the adhered slag. The top pressure spring 594 refers to the energy storage component that provides elastic pressure, and its function is to generate a constant elastic force through the pre-compressed state, so that the telescopic scraper 593 can adapt to the wall surface deformation and maintain the contact pressure.

[0044] Specifically, when the device is running, the annular connection seat 54 drives the lower seat plate 591 to rotate along the inner wall of the inner cover 22. The telescopic scraping plate 593 is pressed against the wall surface under the action of the top pressure spring 594. When the thickness of the slag spraying adhesion layer changes, the scraping plate sliding sleeve 595 slides along the scraping plate chute 592, and the compression amount of the spring changes accordingly. For example, when the adhesion layer thickens, the telescopic scraping plate 593 is pressed and retracted, and the compression amount of the spring increases to maintain an effective scraping pressure; when the adhesion layer thins, the spring pushes the scraping plate to extend out to compensate for the gap. In this process, the sliding pair structure converts the lateral force received by the scraping plate into the elastic deformation of the spring, avoiding local overload wear caused by rigid contact.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, since the traditional fixed scraping plate cannot adjust the contact pressure, it is prone to scraping residues or excessive wear when the slag spraying is unevenly distributed or the adhesion thickness fluctuates. This solution combines a sliding mechanism and an elastic element to enable the scraping plate to have an adaptive adjustment ability. For example, in the area where the wall surface is uneven, each section of the scraping plate can be independently telescoped and adjusted to ensure uniform contact in the entire circumferential direction.

[0046] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of slag spraying residues caused by uneven contact pressure between the scraping plate and the inner cover 22, adapts to the change of the slag spraying adhesion thickness under different working conditions through an elastic compensation mechanism, avoids abnormal wear of the scraping plate caused by pressure overload, and at the same time reduces the risk of secondary accumulation of slag spraying caused by incomplete scraping.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 5-7 As shown, this application further proposes that the clamping component 3 includes a clamping seat 31, which is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the main body cover 2, and an unlocking chute 32 is provided on one side thereof; a locking block 33, which is slidably installed on the clamping seat 31 and is connected to the side wall of the clamping seat 31 through a locking spring 34, and a locking chamfer 38 is provided at the lower part of the side close to the main body cover 2; a sliding guide rail 37, which is fixedly connected to the top inside the clamping seat 31 and is used to guide and limit the sliding of the locking block 33; a locking stop 36, which is slidably connected with the sliding guide rail 37; an unlocking pull plate 35, which is fixedly connected to the side of the locking block 33 close to the unlocking chute 32 and extends outside the clamping seat 31, and is used to control the sliding and unlocking of the locking block 33.

[0048] Among them, the clamping seat 31 refers to the basic component for carrying the locking mechanism, whose outer periphery is welded and fixed to the main body cover 2. It forms an annular support structure through multi-point distributed installation, which is used to disperse the locking force and enhance the structural stability. The locking chamfer 38 refers to the inclined surface provided at the lower part of the locking block 33, which is used to generate a lateral component force when contacting the edge of the electric arc furnace hearth to drive the locking block 33 to slide. The sliding guide rail 37 refers to the guiding structure that restricts the movement track of the locking block 33. It contacts the side wall of the locking block 33 through the sliding surface to ensure that the locking block 33 only displaces along the preset direction. The locking stop 36 refers to the limiting structure that prevents the locking block 33 from sliding excessively, and avoids over-travel compression of the locking spring 34 through physical blockage. The unlocking pull plate 35 refers to the operating component for manual unlocking, which drives the locking block 33 to disengage from the locked position by pulling outwards.

[0049] Specifically, during the installation process of the main body cover 2, the clamping seat 31 is pressed down to the edge of the electric arc furnace hearth along with the main body cover 2. The locking chamfer 38 contacts the hearth to generate a lateral component force, forcing the locking block 33 to slide outwards along the sliding guide rail 37. At this time, the locking spring 34 is compressed and stores energy. When the main body cover 2 is in place completely, the locking block 33 resets under the action of the spring, and its inner plane forms a rigid abutment with the edge of the hearth, completing the automatic locking. The guiding function of the sliding guide rail 37 ensures the accurate movement track of the locking block 33, and the locking stop 36 limits the maximum displacement of the locking block 33 to prevent the spring from failing. When unlocking, the operator pulls the unlocking pull plate 35 outwards, and the locking block 33 slides outwards against the spring force. The locking chamfer 38 disengages from the edge of the hearth, and the main body cover 2 can be lifted and removed. The whole process does not require tool assistance and can be quickly disassembled and assembled with only one hand operation.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, most of the traditional electric arc furnace roof devices use flange bolts for fixation, and it is necessary to tighten the bolts one by one and thermal expansion loosening is likely to occur in the high-temperature environment. However, this solution realizes automatic locking through the inclined plane self-locking mechanism, significantly improves the installation efficiency and eliminates the risk of bolt loosening. The cooperation of the sliding guide rail 37 and the locking stop 36 effectively avoids component jamming, and the exposed design of the unlocking pull plate 35 simplifies the operation steps, especially suitable for the frequent maintenance scenarios in the high-temperature environment.

[0051] Through the above technical solution, this application realizes the quick locking and unlocking of the main body cover 2 and the electric arc furnace hearth, uses the inclined plane self-locking principle to ensure the installation stability and avoid slag spraying and leakage. The automatic reset function of the locking spring 34 cooperates with the accurate guiding of the sliding guide rail 37, enabling the device to still maintain a reliable locked state in the high-temperature environment. The external design of the unlocking pull plate 35 significantly improves the operation convenience and solves the technical defects of low efficiency and easy loosening of the traditional connection method.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figures 8-10As shown in the figure, the present application further proposes a structure including a top seat bottom plate 11 fixedly connected to the upper end of the main body cover 2. At the center position of the upper end of the top seat bottom plate 11, a top seat surrounding plate 12 is fixedly connected. At the top of the top seat surrounding plate 12, a top seat top plate 13 is fixedly connected. A plurality of through holes for the electrode post to penetrate are provided on both the top seat bottom plate 11 and the top seat top plate 13. The protection component 4 includes a circular tubular bearing sleeve 41, which is rotatably installed on the top seat top plate 13 and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the electrode post. Electrode arc plates 42 distributed in an annular array according to the inner diameter of the bearing sleeve 41 are slidably connected to the through holes of the top seat bottom plate 11. An elastic high-temperature-resistant telescopic protective cloth 43 is connected between adjacent electrode arc plates 42.

[0053] Among them, the top seat bottom plate 11 refers to the basic support plate for carrying the protection component 4. The diameter of its through hole is larger than the standard diameter of the electrode post, providing a thermal expansion gap for the electrode post. The bearing sleeve 41 refers to a rotating component coaxially arranged with the electrode post, with an inner diameter larger than the maximum thermal expansion diameter of the electrode post, allowing the electrode post to freely expand and contract and rotate around its axis. The electrode arc plate 42 refers to a segmented sliding protection part, the curvature of its inner arc surface matches the outer diameter of the electrode post, and realizes dynamic fitting through sliding connection. The telescopic protective cloth 43 refers to a flexible sealing part connecting adjacent electrode arc plates 42, maintaining continuous coverage when the electrode arc plates 42 move.

[0054] Specifically, when the diameter of the electrode post changes due to high temperature, the electrode arc plate 42 slides radially at the through hole of the top seat bottom plate 11, and the elastic deformation of the telescopic protective cloth 43 maintains full circumferential coverage of the surface of the electrode post. The bearing sleeve 41 rotates freely with the thermal expansion of the electrode post, avoiding frictional wear with the electrode post. The splashed slag liquid is blocked by the annular protection barrier formed by the electrode arc plates 42 and slides down along the surface of the protective cloth to the diversion cavity 24, without contacting the surface of the electrode post. When the electrode needs to be replaced, the driving component 6 controls the electrode arc plates 42 to contract to the maximum distance, so that the electrode post can be disassembled through the enlarged through hole space.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the traditional scheme uses a rotating brush cloth to directly contact the surface of the electrode post to scrape off the sprayed slag, there is a risk of the brush cloth sticking to the slag and then damaging the electrode post by whipping. This scheme isolates the sprayed slag through a non-contact protection barrier, forms a dynamic seal by using the sliding electrode arc plates 42 and the elastic protective cloth, while blocking the contact path of the sprayed slag, completely avoiding the rigid contact between the moving parts and the electrode post, and fundamentally eliminating the possibility of secondary damage.

[0056] Through the above technical scheme, the present application effectively prevents the sprayed slag from adhering to the surface of the electrode post in the low-temperature area of the furnace mouth, adapts to the thermal expansion changes of electrode posts with different diameters through a dynamic fitting structure, uses the rotating bearing sleeve 41 to eliminate the frictional damage between the protection device and the electrode post, and adopts a segmented protective cloth to achieve gapless sealed protection, ensuring the operation safety of the electrode post while guaranteeing the drainage effect.

[0057] The present application further proposes that the protective component 4 further includes a sector baffle 44, which is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the electrode arc plate 42. A sector slide plate 46 is provided at the bottom of the sector baffle 44, and a sector chute 45 is slidably connected to the sector slide plate 46. Two sets of sector chutes 45 are slidably connected to each set of sector baffles 44, and a slide plate spring 47 is used to elastically connect the two sets of sector chutes 45 on the sector baffle 44.

[0058] Among them, the sector baffle 44 refers to a plate-like structure that covers the through-hole of the upper seat bottom plate 11, and it is rigidly connected to the electrode arc plate 42, and synchronously displaces during the contraction process to close the through-hole. The sector slide plate 46 refers to a guiding structure provided at the bottom of the sector baffle 44 for restricting the sliding trajectory of the sector chute 45. The sector chute 45 refers to a sliding component that cooperates with the sector slide plate 46. The two chutes are elastically connected by a slide plate spring 47, allowing relative sliding during radial contraction. The slide plate spring 47 refers to a component that provides elastic pre-tightening force, and compensates for dimensional deviations during the contraction process through elastic deformation.

[0059] Specifically, when the electrode arc plate 42 contracts centripetally, the sector baffle 44 follows and covers the through-hole area of the upper seat bottom plate 11. The two sets of sector chutes 45 slide relative to each other along the sector slide plate 46 under the elastic constraint of the slide plate spring 47, forming a dynamic slide rail structure. This structure enables the sector baffle 44 to always maintain a planar covering state, avoiding the exposure of the through-hole due to contraction angle deviation. The elastic force of the slide plate spring 47 can adaptively adjust the chute spacing to ensure the close fit between the baffle edge and the through-hole edge at different contraction stages, and still maintain effective sealing even in the presence of thermal expansion deformation. Compared with the single slide rail structure, the double chute design eliminates the risk of baffle tilt through two-point constraints, preventing seal failure caused by unilateral force during the contraction process.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the traditional electrode protection device only relies on the clearance fit between the baffle and the through-hole during contraction, and cannot compensate for the enlarged clearance caused by thermal deformation or mechanical deviation. This solution uses a double chute elastic connection structure to keep the baffle in a planar sealing state during the dynamic contraction process, solving the problem of the sealing surface tilt caused by uneven force in the single slide rail structure. The prior art does not disclose a structure that realizes dynamic sealing through a chute spring system, and this solution fills the gap in the adaptive sealing technology of the electrode protection device in the contracted state.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes the dynamic sealing of the furnace top through-hole during the contraction process of the electrode arc plate 42, effectively preventing slag from spraying through the through-hole into the driving upper seat 1, and avoiding corrosion or jamming of the driving mechanism caused by the sprayed slag. This sealing structure can still maintain stability under high-temperature working conditions, extending the service life of the device and reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance at the same time.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 、Figures 8-10 As shown in the figure, the present application further proposes that the driving component 6 includes a driving support plate 66, a limiting guide rail 68, a limiting slider 69, and a driving connecting rod 67. The driving support plate 66 is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve 41, and the number thereof corresponds to the number of the electrode arc plates 42. The limiting guide rail 68 is fixedly installed on the upper seat bottom plate 11, and an avoidance groove 681 for avoiding the sector baffle 44 is provided at the bottom of the limiting guide rail 68. A limiting chute is provided on the limiting guide rail 68, and the limiting slider 69 is slidably connected to the limiting chute and fixedly connected to one end of the electrode arc plate 42 at one end. One end of the driving connecting rod 67 is rotatably connected to the driving support plate 66, and the other end is rotatably connected to the end of the limiting slider 69 away from the electrode arc plate 42.

[0063] Among them, the driving support plate 66 refers to a plate-shaped transmission member rigidly connected to the bearing sleeve 41, and is used to transmit the rotational power of the bearing sleeve 41 to each driving connecting rod 67. The limiting guide rail 68 refers to a metal track with a guiding groove, and the movement track of the limiting slider 69 is restricted through the limiting chute. The limiting slider 69 refers to a sliding member that cooperates with the limiting chute, and is used to convert the pushing and pulling force of the driving connecting rod 67 into the linear displacement of the electrode arc plate 42. The driving connecting rod 67 refers to a hinged rod connecting the rotating component and the linear motion component, and converts the rotation angle into a linear stroke through lever transmission.

[0064] Specifically, when the bearing sleeve 41 is driven to rotate, the driving support plate 66 fixed on its outer periphery rotates synchronously. The driving support plate 66 drives the driving connecting rod 67 to swing around its hinge point, forcing the limiting slider 69 to linearly slide along a predetermined direction in the chute of the limiting guide rail 68. The linear motion of the limiting slider 69 directly pushes the electrode arc plate 42 to perform radial displacement, and through the rigid guiding between the limiting chute and the slider, the lateral offset of the motion track is eliminated. The number of multiple groups of driving support plates 66 corresponds to the number of electrode arc plates 42, so that each electrode arc plate 42 maintains the same displacement rate under the action of the driving connecting rod 67, and finally all the electrode arc plates 42 closely adhere to the surface of the electrode column with the same stroke.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the traditional electrode protection device uses a single driving source to directly push the electrode arc plate 42, and it is easy to cause asynchronous movement due to assembly errors. In this solution, through the rigid guiding constraint of the limiting guide rail 68 and the slider, the movement track of the electrode arc plate 42 is restricted in a single degree-of-freedom direction, and the problem of angular deviation generated during the adjustment of multiple groups of electrode arc plates 42 is solved. The hinged transmission method of the driving connecting rod 67 forms a linear proportional relationship between the rotation angle and the linear displacement amount, and reduces the influence of the transmission clearance on the adjustment accuracy compared with the gear rack structure.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes the controllability of the trajectory of the electrode arc plate 42 during the adjustment process, avoiding the dislocation of the electrode arc plate 42 due to mechanical clearance or uneven force. The rigid guidance of the limit rail 68 and the slider enables the electrode arc plate 42 to always move along the preset path, ensuring that multiple electrode arc plates 42 form a complete annular protective surface when closed. The proportional transmission design of the driving connecting rod 67 makes the displacement of each electrode arc plate 42 consistent, solving the problem in the prior art that the electrode arc plate 42 cannot fully fit the surface of the electrode column due to displacement differences.

[0067] The present application further proposes that the driving component 6 also includes an electrode bracket 62, which is fixedly mounted on the inner gear ring 61, on which a driving motor 63 is fixedly mounted, and gear two 64 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor 63; the inner gear ring 61 is rotatably mounted on the driving motor 63, and its inner periphery is provided with gear teeth meshingly connected with gear two 64; gear three 65 is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve 41, and is meshingly connected with the gear teeth on the inner periphery of the inner gear ring 61.

[0068] The inner gear ring 61 refers to an annular transmission component with inner gear teeth, and its inner gear teeth form a meshing transmission with the gear 2 64, which is used to transmit the rotational motion of the drive motor 63 to the inner gear ring 61 as a whole. The gear 3 65 refers to a transmission gear meshing with the inner gear teeth of the inner gear ring 61, which is used to convert the rotational power of the inner gear ring 61 into the rotation of the bearing sleeve 41. The electrode bracket 62 refers to a mounting structure supporting the drive motor 63, and by being fixed on the inner gear ring 61, the drive motor 63 and the inner gear ring 61 form a synchronous rotation structure.

[0069] Specifically, the drive motor 63 drives the gear 2 64 to rotate through the output shaft, and the gear 2 64 meshes with the gear teeth on the inner circumference of the inner gear ring 61, driving the inner gear ring 61 to rotate around its axis. Since the gear teeth on the inner circumference of the inner gear ring 61 are meshed with the gear 3 65 at the same time, and the gear 3 65 is fixed to the outer circumference of the bearing sleeve 41, the rotational movement of the inner gear ring 61 is converted into the rotation of the bearing sleeve 41 through the gear 3 65. In this process, the electrode bracket 62 rotates synchronously with the inner gear ring 61, so that no additional transmission components are required between the drive motor 63 and the inner gear ring 61 to be exposed in the slag spraying area. The meshing transmission path of the inner gear ring 61 and the gear 2 64 and the gear 3 65 is wrapped inside the annular closed structure, and the slag spraying cannot directly contact the gear meshing surface, thereby preventing the slag spraying from adhering to the surface of the transmission component.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, when the traditional solution uses an external gear drive, the gear meshing part is directly exposed to the splashing environment, and slag is likely to enter the gear clearance and be thrown out with the rotating motion to impact the electrode post. In contrast, in this solution, through the enclosed meshing drive between the internal gear ring 61 and the gear three 65, the motion transfer process of the driving component 6 is restricted within the internal space, preventing slag from adhering to the surface of the transmission structure. At the same time, the synchronous rotation design of the driving motor 63 and the internal gear ring 61 eliminates the need for an external transmission chain, further reducing the slag contact path.

[0071] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem that slag adheres to the surface of the transmission structure of the driving component 6 and is thrown out with the motion to impact the electrode post. The gear meshing part is enclosed inside the internal gear ring 61, and slag cannot enter the transmission path. The rotational adjustment movement of the bearing sleeve 41 will not drive the adhered matter to impact the surface of the electrode post. The synchronous rotation structure of the driving motor 63 and the internal gear ring 61 eliminates the exposed connecting components required for the traditional external gear drive, significantly reducing the risk of slag intrusion into the transmission mechanism.

[0072] The above has described in detail one embodiment of the present invention, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as defining the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric arc furnace top slag spraying and drainage device for die steel, characterized in that, include: A main body cover (2) is mounted at the top furnace opening of the electric arc furnace and is used to shield and drain the slag spraying of the electric arc furnace. A driving upper seat (1) is fixedly provided at the center position of the upper end of the main body cover (2); The clamping components (3) are fixedly mounted in a ring array on the lower part of the outer periphery of the main body cover (2) and are used to fix the main body cover (2) on the furnace mouth of the electric arc furnace; A protective component (4) which is adjustably mounted on the driving upper seat (1) and is used to protect the electrode column and prevent spray slag from adhering to the surface of the electrode column; A scraping component (5) is mounted on the main body cover (2) and is used to scrape and guide the spray slag adhered to the inside of the main body cover (2); A driving component (6) is installed in the driving upper seat (1) and is used to control the movable adjustment of the protective component (4).

2. The slag spraying and drainage device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body cover (2) comprises: An outer cover (21) is fixedly mounted on the lower periphery of the driving upper seat (1) and is used to seal the furnace opening of the electric arc furnace; The inner cover (22) has a lower portion fixedly connected to the inner lower portion of the outer cover (21), and a guide cavity (24) is formed between the inner cover (22) and the outer cover (21), and the guide cavity (24) is connected to an external suction device via a pipeline, so as to suck out the drained slag liquid; The annular guide rail plate (23) is an annular flat plate fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the inner cover (22) and is used to limit and guide the scraping rotation of the scraping component (5).

3. The slag spraying and flow guiding device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 2, characterized in that The scraping component (5) comprises: An annular connecting seat (54) having a U-shaped cross section and a ring-shaped structure, wherein the annular connecting seat (54) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the annular guide plate (23); a scraper seat (56) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the annular connecting seat (54), to which a first scraper (57) and a second scraper (58) are fixedly connected, wherein the first scraper (57) is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the outer cover (21), and the second scraper (58) is slidably fitted on the side wall of the inner cover (22) close to the outer cover (21); The scraper three (59) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the annular connecting seat (54) and is slidably fitted on the side wall of the inner cover (22) away from the outer cover (21).

4. The slag spraying and flow guiding device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The scraping component (5) further comprises: A motor seat (51) is fixedly mounted on the driving upper seat (1), and a scraping motor (52) is fixedly mounted on the motor seat; Gear 1 (53), which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the scraping motor (52); The outer gear teeth (55) are arranged on the upper outer periphery of the annular connecting seat (54) and are meshingly connected with the gear 1 (53). The gear 1 (53) is driven to rotate by the scraping motor (52), and the annular connecting seat (54) is driven to rotate under the gear meshing transmission.

5. The slag spraying and flow guiding device for the top of an electric arc furnace of a die steel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The scraper three (59) comprises: A lower seat plate (591) fixedly connected to the annular connecting seat (54), wherein a scraper slide groove (592) is provided on a side of the lower seat plate (591) close to the inner cover (22); A scraper sleeve (595) is slidably connected in the scraper slot (592) and fixedly connected to a telescopic scraper (593) for scraping off spray slag adhered to the inner cover (22); A top pressure spring (594) has one end fixedly connected to the bottom of the scraper chute (592) and the other end fixedly connected to the telescopic scraper (593), and is used to provide a reset elastic force to the telescopic scraper (593).

6. The slag spraying and flow guiding device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 1, wherein The clamping component (3) includes: A clamping seat (31) fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the main body cover (2), with an unlocking chute (32) provided on one side thereof; A locking block (33) slidably installed on the clamping seat (31) and connected to the side wall of the clamping seat (31) through a locking spring (34), and a locking chamfer (38) is provided at the lower part of the side thereof close to the main body cover (2); A sliding guide rail (37) fixedly connected to the top inside of the clamping seat (31) for guiding and limiting the sliding of the locking block (33); A locking stop block (36) slidably engaged with the sliding guide rail (37); An unlocking pull plate (35) fixedly connected to the side of the locking block (33) close to the unlocking chute (32) and extending outside the clamping seat (31) for controlling the sliding unlocking of the locking block (33).

7. A slag spraying and flow guiding device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving upper seat (1) includes an upper seat bottom plate (11) fixedly connected to the upper end of the main body cover (2), an upper seat surrounding plate (12) fixedly connected to the center position of the upper end of the upper seat bottom plate (11), an upper seat top plate (13) fixedly connected to the top of the upper seat surrounding plate (12), and a plurality of through holes for the electrode posts to penetrate are provided on both the upper seat bottom plate (11) and the upper seat top plate (13); The protection component (4) includes: A bearing sleeve (41) which is a circular tubular structure and rotatably installed on the upper seat top plate (13), and the inner diameter of the bearing sleeve (41) is larger than the outer diameter of the electrode post; Electrode arc plates (42) distributed in an annular array with the inner diameter of the bearing sleeve (41), and slidably connected to the through holes of the upper seat bottom plate (11), and the electrode arc plates (42) are used to slidably adhere to the surface of the electrode post to prevent slag splashing onto the electrode post; A telescopic protection cloth (43) which is used to connect adjacent electrode arc plates (42), is an elastic high-temperature resistant cloth, and is used to slidably adhere to the surface of the electrode post to prevent slag splashing onto the electrode post.

8. The slag spraying and drainage device for the top of the electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protection component (4) further includes: A sector baffle (44) fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the electrode arc plate (42), and is used to block the through hole at the installation position of the electrode arc plate (42) on the upper seat bottom plate (11) when the electrode arc plate (42) contracts, and a sector slide plate (46) is provided at the bottom of the sector baffle (44); A sector chute (45) slidably connected to the sector slide plate (46), and two groups of sector chutes (45) are slidably connected to each group of sector baffles (44); A slide plate spring (47) which is used to elastically connect the two groups of sector chutes (45) on the sector baffle (44).

9. The slag injection and drainage device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 7, characterized in that The driving component (6) includes: A driving support plate (66) fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve (41), and the number thereof corresponds to the number of the electrode arc plates (42); A limit guide rail (68) is fixedly mounted on the upper seat bottom plate (11), and is provided with a limit slide groove, to which a limit slider (69) is slidably connected, and one end of the limit slider (69) is fixedly connected to the electrode arc plate (42); A driving connecting rod (67) has one end rotatably connected to the driving support plate (66), and the other end rotatably connected to an end of the limiting slider (69) away from the electrode arc plate (42).

10. The slag spraying and drainage device for the top of an electric arc furnace of die steel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The driving component (6) further comprises: The electrode support (62) is fixedly mounted on the inner gear ring (61), and a driving motor (63) is fixedly mounted on the electrode support. Gear 2 (64), which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor (63); An inner gear ring (61) is rotatably mounted on a driving motor (63), and has gear teeth disposed on its inner circumference for meshing with a second gear (64); Gear three (65) is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve (41) and is meshed and transmission-connected with the gear teeth on the inner periphery of the inner gear ring (61).

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