Feed for relieving weaning stress of lambs and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a feed for relieving weaning stress of lambs and a preparation method of the feed, and belongs to the field of animal feeds. The feed disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of puffed corn, 15-20 parts of enzymolysis soybean meal, 5-8 parts of fish meal, 5-8 parts of alfalfa meal, 0.3-3 parts of an organic trace element compound, 0.1-2 parts of a vitamin compound, 3-5 parts of whey powder, 0.5-1 part of butyrin, 0.3-0.5 part of glutamine and 0.2-0.3 part of a radix astragali-spina date seed compound extract. 0.2 to 0.3 part of xylooligosaccharide-xylanase compound, 0.05 to 0.1 part of pancreatin active peptide and 0.1 to 2 parts of complex microbial inoculant. The weaning stress of the lambs is reduced through a targeted intestinal tract-immunity-nerve regulation ternary synergistic formula, the digestive system development of the weaned lambs can be obviously improved, the activity of digestive enzymes can be improved, and therefore the weight gain of the lambs is obviously improved, and the lambs stably pass through the weaning period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Early weaning is an important means to improve lamb production and explore growth potential. Firstly, after the young animals are weaned, the female animals can be used for the next round of breeding. Early weaning is one of the important methods to improve the reproductive rate. Secondly, for young animals, especially those at a relatively older age, the quantity and nutrients in breast milk may not necessarily meet the nutritional needs of their growth. Only by providing corresponding nutritional components additionally can the rapid growth of young animals be ensured.

[0003] When lambs are weaned, due to sudden changes in environment, psychology and nutrition, a series of stress responses occur in the nervous system, endocrine system and immune system. There are significant differences in the occurrence mechanism, physiological manifestations and long-term effects between lamb weaning stress and other types of stress (such as environmental stress, transportation stress or disease stress). Specifically: the sudden change in the source of nutrition, the sudden switch from breast milk to solid feed, leads to a decrease in the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes (such as lactase), while amylase and protease have not yet developed sufficiently, resulting in nutritional absorption disorders. The psychological impact of mother-offspring separation. Lambs are strongly dependent on their mothers, and separation will lead to overactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) and a sharp increase in cortisol levels (2-3 times higher than environmental stress). The reconstruction of the intestinal flora. Lactose and immune factors in breast milk disappear, the intestinal pH increases, and pathogenic bacteria (such as Escherichia coli) are prone to colonize, while the proportion of probiotics (such as lactic acid bacteria) decreases. At present, in order to improve the survival rate of weaned lambs and weaning stress, some feed formulas targeting the growth characteristics of weaned lambs have been developed, but these formulas usually have problems such as unscientific diet preparation, malnutrition, and extensive use of antibiotics.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs to alleviate the weaning stress behavior of lambs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs and a preparation method thereof. The present invention reduces the weaning stress of lambs through a ternary synergistic formula targeting intestinal-immune-neural regulation, can significantly improve the development of the digestive system of weaned lambs and increase the activity of digestive enzymes, thereby significantly increasing the weight gain of lambs and enabling them to smoothly pass through the weaning period.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 35 - 40 parts of extruded corn, 15 - 20 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, 5 - 8 parts of fish meal, 5 - 8 parts of alfalfa meal, 0.3 - 3 parts of organic trace element complex, 0.1 - 2 parts of vitamin complex, 3 - 5 parts of whey powder, 0.5 - 1 part of glycerol butyrate, 0.3 - 0.5 part of glutamine, 0.2 - 0.3 part of Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba compound extract, 0.2 - 0.3 part of xylooligosaccharide-xylanase complex, 0.05 - 0.1 part of pancreatic enzyme active peptide, 0.1 - 2 parts of compound microbial agent.

[0009] The diet formula of the present invention has high-starch extruded corn (>70%), and the extrusion treatment improves the digestibility (starch gelatinization degree >85%) to provide rapid energy. Oatmeal contains β-glucan (soluble fiber), gently stimulates rumen development, and reduces the risk of acidosis. Whey powder simulates the composition of breast milk, maintains the activity of intestinal lactase, and enhances palatability (sweetness induces feeding). After fermentation, the degradation rate of antigenic protein (β-conglycinin) in enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal >90%, and the small peptide content >30%, providing easily absorbable amino acids. Fish meal is a highly digestible animal protein (crude protein >65%), rich in glutamine (>8%), and repairs intestinal mucosa. Alfalfa meal provides high-quality NDF (neutral detergent fiber), stimulates chewing and saliva secretion, and buffers rumen pH.

[0010] Preferably, the organic trace element complex includes selenomethionine, zinc protein salt, and copper lysine.

[0011] Preferably, the vitamin complex includes vitamin E, vitamin C, and vitamin B.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba compound extract is as follows: Mix Astragalus and Ziziphus jujuba, crush them, and then perform supercritical extraction for 2 h under the conditions of a pressure of 25 MPa, a temperature of 45 °C, and a CO2 flow rate of 25 kg / h. The Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba compound extract inhibits cortisol secretion through multi-target synergistic effects, and its mechanism involves regulating pathways such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis), anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotection.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the xylooligosaccharide-xylanase complex is as follows: Mix soy protein isolate with tannic acid solution, then add xylooligosaccharide and xylanase, incubate at 4 °C for 12 h, and then add genipin for cross-linking and curing. Xylanase decomposes non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in the feed, releases soluble fiber (XOS), stimulates the pancreas to secrete amylase / protease, and at the same time acts as a prebiotic to proliferate lactic acid bacteria.

[0014] Preferably, the compound microbial agent is obtained by mixing Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus reuteri in a ratio of 1:1, and the viable bacteria count in the feed is 1×10 9 ~5×10 9CFU / g. Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus reuteri were isolated from the lamb intestine.

[0015] Second invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned feed for alleviating lamb weaning stress, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Weigh the raw materials according to the said weight parts;

[0017] S2. Mix the expanded corn, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, fish meal, and alfalfa meal evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0018] S3. Dissolve the remaining components in water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0019] S4. Stir the mixed material and the mixed solution evenly and granulate to obtain the feed for alleviating lamb weaning stress.

[0020] Preferably, the ratio of material to water in S3 is 1:(5 - 10).

[0021] Preferably, the granulation temperature in S4 is lower than 50 °C.

[0022] Preferably, the particle size of the feed for alleviating lamb weaning stress in S4 is 2.5 - 3.0 mm, and the density is 8 - 10 kg / cm 2 .

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention reduces lamb weaning stress through a ternary synergistic formula targeting gut-immune-neural regulation, can significantly improve the digestive system development of weaned lambs and increase the activity of digestive enzymes, thus significantly increasing the weight gain of lambs and enabling them to smoothly pass through the weaning period. Moreover, the feed raw materials are easily available and the preparation method is simple, allowing for large-scale production. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] Without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the description of this invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the description of this invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The description and examples of this application are merely exemplary.

[0029] Regarding "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0030] As used in this invention, "room temperature" and "normal temperature" are both calculated as 25 ± 2 °C unless otherwise specified.

[0031] All raw materials used in the following examples of this invention are obtained commercially.

[0032] Prepare the Astragalus membranaceus - Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa composite extract: Mix Astragalus membranaceus and Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa and crush them to 60 mesh. Equipment parameters: supercritical extraction autoclave (volume 50 L), CO₂ purity ≥ 99.9%, entrainer is food-grade ethanol (95%); extract for 2 h under the conditions of a pressure of 25 MPa, a temperature of 45 °C, a CO₂ flow rate of 25 kg / h, and an entrainer ratio of 5% to obtain the Astragalus membranaceus - Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa composite extract.

[0033] Prepare the xylo-oligosaccharide - xylanase complex: Mix the soy protein isolate solution (5% solution) and tannic acid solution (0.5% solution) at a volume ratio of 4:1, adjust the pH to 7.5, and form nanoparticles (particle size 50 - 80 nm) by electrostatic self-assembly; adsorb xylanase and xylo-oligosaccharide on the surface of SPI-TA particles at a ratio of 1:4 (w / w), and incubate at 4 °C for 12 hours; treat with 0.05% genipin for 1 hour to enhance the structural stability.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This example provides a feed for alleviating the weaning stress of lambs, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0036] S1. Weigh 38 parts by weight of extruded corn, 18 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 6 parts of alfalfa meal, 1 part of organic trace element complex, 1 part of vitamin complex, 4 parts of whey powder, 0.8 part of glycerol butyrate, 0.4 part of glutamine, 0.2 part of Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba compound extract, 0.2 part of xylo-oligosaccharide-xylanase complex, 0.08 part of pancreatic enzyme active peptide, and 1 part of compound bacterium agent; the organic trace element complex is composed of selenomethionine, zinc protein salt, copper lysine, etc. by weight; the vitamin complex is composed of vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B, etc. by weight; the compound bacterium agent is obtained by mixing Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus reuteri in a ratio of 1:1, and the viable bacteria count in the feed is 3.28×10 9 CFU / g;

[0037] S2. Mix the extruded corn, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, fish meal, and alfalfa meal evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0038] S3. Dissolve the remaining components in 8 times the weight of water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0039] S4. Stir the mixed material and the mixed solution evenly and granulate at 40°C to obtain a lamb weaning stress-relieving feed with a particle size of 2.5 mm and a density of 9 kg / cm 2 of.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This example provides a lamb weaning stress-relieving feed, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0042] S1. Weigh 35 parts by weight of extruded corn, 15 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, 5 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 0.3 part of organic trace element complex, 0.1 part of vitamin complex, 3 parts of whey powder, 0.5 part of glycerol butyrate, 0.3 part of glutamine, 0.2 part of Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba compound extract, 0.2 part of xylo-oligosaccharide-xylanase complex, 0.05 part of pancreatic enzyme active peptide, and 0.1 part of compound bacterium agent; the organic trace element complex is composed of selenomethionine, zinc protein salt, copper lysine, etc. by weight; the vitamin complex is composed of vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B, etc. by weight; the compound bacterium agent is obtained by mixing Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus reuteri in a ratio of 1:1, and the viable bacteria count in the feed is 1.64×10 9 CFU / g;

[0043] S2. Mix the extruded corn, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, fish meal, and alfalfa meal evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0044] S3. Dissolve the remaining components in 5 times the weight of water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0045] S4. Stir the mixed material and the mixed solution evenly and granulate at 20°C to obtain a lamb weaning stress-relieving feed with a particle size of 2.5 mm and a density of 8 kg / cm2 Feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs

[0046] Example 3

[0047] This example provides a feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0048] S1. Weigh 40 parts of expanded corn, 20 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, 8 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of alfalfa meal, 3 parts of organic trace element complex, 2 parts of vitamin complex, 5 parts of whey powder, 1 part of glycerol tributyrate, 0.5 part of glutamine, 0.3 part of Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba seed compound extract, 0.3 part of xylo-oligosaccharide-xylanase complex, 0.1 part of pancreatic enzyme active peptide, and 2 parts of compound bacterium agent by weight; among them, the organic trace element complex is composed of selenomethionine, zinc protein salt, copper lysine, etc. in equal weight; the vitamin complex is composed of vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B, etc. in equal weight; among them, the compound bacterium agent is obtained by mixing Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus reuteri in a ratio of 1:1, and the viable bacteria count in the feed is 4.26×10 9 CFU / g;

[0049] S2. Mix the expanded corn, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, fish meal, and alfalfa meal evenly to obtain a mixture;

[0050] S3. Dissolve the remaining components in 5-10 times the weight of water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0051] S4. Stir the mixture and the mixed solution evenly and granulate at 50°C to obtain a feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs with a particle size of 3.0 mm and a density of 10 kg / cm 2 Feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] The preparation method of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that the raw materials do not contain glycerol tributyrate and glutamine.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] The preparation method of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that the raw materials do not contain Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba seed compound extract.

[0056] Comparative Example 3

[0057] The preparation method of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that the raw materials do not contain xylo-oligosaccharide-xylanase complex.

[0058] Comparative Example 4

[0059] The preparation method of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that the raw materials do not contain compound bacterium agent.

[0060] Experimental Example

[0061] Weaned lambs were divided into groups and fed using Examples 1 - 3, Comparative Examples 1 - 4, and conventional feed. They had free access to food, with 10 lambs in each group, and the average weight of each group was 6.0 ± 0.5 kg. After 28 days of feeding, routine indicators were detected.

[0062] 1. Detection of digestive enzyme activity

[0063] The duodenal contents of the lambs were collected. 0.5 g of the sample was weighed and 4.5 mL of pre - cooled PBS (pH 7.0, containing 0.1% Triton X - 100) was added. Homogenization was carried out in an ice bath (10,000 rpm, 30 seconds), and centrifugation was performed at 4°C (12,000×g, 15 minutes). The supernatant was taken as the enzyme solution. The amylase activity, protease activity, and lipase activity were measured using an amylase activity detection kit (Merck MAK009), a protease detection kit (fluorometric method) (Merck PF0100), and a lipase activity detection kit III (Merck MAK048) respectively. The operation method followed the instructions of the kit, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066] It can be seen from Table 1 that the feed in the present invention can promote the development of the digestive system of lambs, improve the digestive enzyme activity, and thus reduce the weaning stress effect. Among them, the xylo - oligosaccharide - xylanase complex and the compound microbial agent both have a significant impact on its digestive enzyme activity.

[0067] 2. Detection of growth indicators

[0068]

[0069] It can be seen from Table 2 that the feed prepared in Examples 1 - 3 of the present invention can increase the feed intake and weight gain of weaned lambs, significantly promote the growth and development of lambs, reach a relatively high level, and reduce the weaning stress effect.

[0070] The above - mentioned is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: Extruded corn: 35 - 40 parts, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal: 15 - 20 parts, fish meal: 5 - 8 parts, alfalfa meal: 5 - 8 parts, organic trace element complex: 0.3 - 3 parts, vitamin complex: 0.1 - 2 parts, whey powder: 3 - 5 parts, glycerol butyrate: 0.5 - 1 part, glutamine: 0.3 - 0.5 part, Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba seed compound extract: 0.2 - 0.3 part, xylooligosaccharide-xylanase complex: 0.2 - 0.3 part, pancreatic enzyme active peptide: 0.05 - 0.1 part, compound microbial agent: 0.1 - 2 parts.

2. The weaning stress-relieving feed for lambs according to claim 1, wherein The organic trace element complex includes selenomethionine, zinc protein salt, and copper lysine.

3. The feed for alleviating the weaning stress of lambs according to claim 1, wherein The vitamin complex includes vitamin E, vitamin C, and vitamin B.

4. The feed for alleviating the weaning stress of lambs according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the Astragalus-Ziziphus jujuba seed compound extract is as follows: Mix and pulverize Astragalus and Ziziphus jujuba seeds, and then perform supercritical extraction for 2 h under the conditions of a pressure of 25 MPa, a temperature of 45 °C, and a CO2 flow rate of 25 kg / h.

5. The weaning stress-relieving feed for lambs according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the xylooligosaccharide-xylanase complex is as follows: Mix soy protein isolate with tannic acid solution, then add xylooligosaccharide and xylanase, incubate at 4 °C for 12 h, and then add genipin for crosslinking and curing.

6. The feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs according to claim 1, wherein The composite bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus reuteri in a ratio of 1:1, and the viable bacteria count in the feed is 1×10 9 ~5×10 9 CFU / g.

7. The preparation method of the feed for alleviating the weaning stress of lambs according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials according to the said parts by weight; S2. Mix extruded corn, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal, fish meal, and alfalfa meal evenly to obtain a mixture; S3. Dissolve the remaining components in water to obtain a mixed solution; S4. Stir the mixture and the mixed solution evenly and granulate to obtain a feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S3, the ratio of material to water is 1:(5 - 10).

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S4, the granulation temperature is lower than 50 °C.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The particle size of the feed for alleviating weaning stress of lambs in S4 is 2.5 - 3.0 mm, and the density is 8 - 10 kg / cm 2 .

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