Seismic inversion method based on horizontal well information explicit constraint and related device

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic inversion method based on horizontal well information explicit constraint and a related device. The method comprises the following steps: calculating corresponding wave impedance data by acquiring longitudinal wave velocity curve and density curve data of a whole well section of a horizontal well in a target work area; generating a synthetic seismic record according to the longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section and the longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and performing well-seismic calibration to obtain a well-seismic calibration result; establishing a logging response forward modeling equation set by combining the wave impedance data; establishing a seismic response forward equation set according to the convolution theoretical model; forming a well-seismic combined vertical wave impedance forward modeling equation set by combining the two equation sets; constructing a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the well seismic calibration result, the wave impedance data and preset seismic horizon interpretation; performing seismic inversion on the well-seismic combined vertical wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model by using a Bayesian inversion theory to obtain a wave impedance inversion solution; therefore, the accuracy of seismic inversion is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to a seismic inversion method and related device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information. Background Art

[0002] Oil and gas exploration refers to the process of searching for and evaluating underground oil and gas resources through relevant methods and technical means, including conventional oil and gas exploration and unconventional oil and gas exploration. Among them, the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas (such as shale gas, coalbed methane, and tight oil) are more difficult. Usually, horizontal well technology is required to increase the reservoir contact area, improve the single-well production capacity, and break through the development bottleneck of traditional vertical wells for low-permeability and heterogeneous reservoirs.

[0003] In the prior art, seismic inversion technology is used to describe reservoir information including reservoir space, reservoir physical properties information, and reservoir quality. However, the existing seismic inversion technology cannot solve the problem of how to explicitly utilize well logging information and well logging information of the horizontal section of the horizontal well, which affects the accurate description of heterogeneous reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a seismic inversion method and related device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, so as to improve the description ability of seismic wave impedance inversion for reservoir lateral heterogeneity and solve the problem of being unable to use well logging information of the horizontal section to constrain seismic inversion.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, including:

[0006] Obtain the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the full well section logging of the horizontal well in the target work area, where the full well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, an inclined well section, and a horizontal section;

[0007] According to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data, calculate the wave impedance data corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well, where the wave impedance data includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section;

[0008] Generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data;

[0009] Perform well-seismic calibration according to the synthetic seismic record to obtain the well-seismic calibration result;

[0010] Establish a forward equation set of well logging response according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data;

[0011] Establish a forward equation set of seismic response according to the convolution theory model;

[0012] Based on the forward modeling equations of well logging responses and seismic responses, establish the joint well-seismic wave impedance forward modeling equations;

[0013] Based on the well-seismic calibration results, wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation, establish a low-frequency P-wave impedance model;

[0014] According to the Bayesian inversion theory, perform seismic inversion on the joint well-seismic wave impedance forward modeling equations and the low-frequency P-wave impedance model to obtain the wave impedance inversion solution.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, based on the well-seismic calibration results and wave impedance data, establish the forward modeling equations of well logging responses, including:

[0016] According to the well-seismic calibration results, assign the wave impedance data to the seismic grid through which the well trajectory passes to obtain the assigned seismic grid, where the assigned seismic grid includes the first P-wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second P-wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third P-wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal well section;

[0017] Based on the assigned seismic grid, establish the forward modeling equations of well logging responses.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the formula of the forward modeling equations of well logging responses is:

[0019] [B] n×N ·[m] N×1 =[m obs n×1

[0020] In the formula, [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, with a total of N elements. [B] is the forward modeling matrix of well logging responses, and the matrix elements at the assigned positions are 1, and the other elements are 0. n is the number of assigned grids. [m obs n×1 is the column vector composed of the well logging values of the assigned seismic grid.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the formula of the forward modeling equations of seismic responses is:

[0022] [G] N×N ·[m] N×1 =[S] N×1

[0023] In the formula, [G] is the forward modeling operator matrix of seismic responses, [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, with a total of N elements. [S] is the column vector composed of seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace.

[0024] ​​In a possible implementation manner, according to the forward modeling equations of logging responses and the forward modeling equations of seismic responses, a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equation set is established, including:

[0025] Vertically splice the forward modeling matrix of logging responses and the forward modeling operator matrix of seismic responses to obtain a first matrix;

[0026] Vertically splice the column vector composed of the logged values of the seismic grid after assignment and the column vector composed of the seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace to obtain a second matrix;

[0027] According to the first matrix, the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the second matrix, establish a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equation set, where the formula of the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equation set is:

[0028] A·m = D

[0029] In the formula, A = , A is the first matrix; m = , m is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved; D = , D is the second matrix.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner, the Bayesian inversion solution formula for wave impedance inversion is:

[0031] =

[0032] In the formula, is the wave impedance inversion solution; is the low-frequency P-wave impedance model; is the prior covariance matrix of the wave impedance parameters to be solved; A is the first matrix; is the transpose matrix of the first matrix; is the data error covariance matrix; D is the second matrix.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application provides a seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, including:

[0034] An acquisition module, configured to acquire the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the full well section of the horizontal well in the target work area, where the full well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, an inclined well section, and a horizontal section;

[0035] A calculation module, configured to calculate the wave impedance data corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well according to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and the density curve data, where the wave impedance data includes first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section;

[0036] The first processing module is used to generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data;

[0037] The second processing module is used to perform well-seismic calibration based on the synthetic seismic record to obtain a well-seismic calibration result;

[0038] The first establishment module is used to establish a forward logging response equation set according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data;

[0039] The second establishment module is used to establish a forward seismic response equation set according to the convolution theory model;

[0040] The third establishment module is used to establish a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set according to the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set;

[0041] The fourth establishment module is used to establish a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the well-seismic calibration result, the wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation;

[0042] The inversion module is used to perform seismic inversion on the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the Bayesian inversion theory to obtain a wave impedance inversion solution.

[0043] In a third aspect, the present application provides a seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, including: a memory, a processor;

[0044] The memory stores computer execution instructions;

[0045] The processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer execution instructions are stored, and when the computer execution instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0047] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0048] A seismic inversion method and related device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided by this application. By obtaining the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the full well section logging of the horizontal well in the target work area, the wave impedance data corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well is calculated; wherein, the full well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, an inclined well section, and a horizontal section; the wave impedance data includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section; according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data, a synthetic seismic record is generated, well-seismic calibration is performed, and a well-seismic calibration result is obtained; according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data, a forward logging response equation set is established; according to the convolutional theory model, a forward seismic response equation set is established; according to the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set, a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set is established; according to the well-seismic calibration result, the wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation, a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model is established; according to the Bayesian inversion theory, the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model are used for seismic inversion to obtain a wave impedance inversion solution. The method of this application, compared with the prior art, can explicitly apply the logging information of the full well section of the horizontal well to constrain seismic inversion, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of seismic inversion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with this application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of this application.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a seismic inversion system provided by this application;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a flow schematic of a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided by this application Figure 1 ;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the profile of the reference longitudinal wave impedance model provided by this application;

[0053] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal wave impedance curve of the full well section of the horizontal well provided by this application;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the superposition of the calibrated well trajectory and the seismic forward profile provided by this application;

[0055] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the coefficient matrix of the single-channel seismic response forward equation set provided by this application;

[0056] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the seismic response forward operator matrix provided by this application;

[0057] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model provided for this application;

[0058] Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the inversion result of the seismic inversion method with explicit constraints on horizontal well information provided for this application;

[0059] Figure 10 Variance cross-sectional view of the inversion result of the seismic inversion method with explicit constraints on horizontal well information provided for this application;

[0060] Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of the seismic inversion result without logging information constraints;

[0061] Figure 12 Comparison diagram of the inversion results of the well-side trace and logging curves under different constraint conditions;

[0062] Figure 13 Flow schematic of a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided for this application Figure 2 ;

[0063] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the composition of the coefficient matrix of the forward logging response equations provided for this application;

[0064] Figure 15 Flow schematic of a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided for this application Figure 3 ;

[0065] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided for this application;

[0066] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided for this application.

[0067] Through the above-mentioned drawings, the specific embodiments of this application have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of this application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0068] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0069] It should be noted that the data involved in the present application are all information and data authorized by users or fully authorized by all parties. The collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards, and corresponding operation entrances are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0070] Seismic wave impedance inversion can infer the wave impedance distribution of underground rock formations through seismic data. The horizontal well technology can drill horizontally through the reservoir and obtain detailed lithological and physical property information. Therefore, seismic wave impedance inversion and horizontal well technology are usually applied to reservoir description and the exploration of unconventional oil and gas resources.

[0071] As the difficulty of oil and gas exploration and development increases, a combination of seismic wave impedance inversion and horizontal well technology is usually adopted. The vertical and inclined well sections of the horizontal well are used to constrain the seismic wave impedance inversion to achieve oil and gas exploration and development. However, since the depth of the horizontal section of the horizontal well is repetitively stacked in the vertical direction, the horizontal section cannot perform reflection coefficient calculation and calibration, resulting in a lack of horizontal well logging information in the horizontal section for seismic wave impedance inversion, thereby making the description accuracy of the lateral heterogeneity of the reservoir by seismic wave impedance inversion insufficient.

[0072] Based on this, in the prior art, due to the lack of constraint of horizontal section logging information, the description accuracy of the lateral heterogeneity of the reservoir by seismic wave impedance inversion is poor, resulting in a high uncertainty in the description of oil and gas reservoirs in oil and gas exploration and development, where an oil and gas reservoir refers to the accumulation of oil and natural gas that naturally forms in underground rocks and has economic exploitation value.

[0073] To solve the above problems, the core concept of this application lies in: by obtaining the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the vertical well section, deviated well section, and horizontal well section logging in the target work area, calculating the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal well section; generating a synthetic seismic record based on the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data, and performing well-seismic calibration to obtain the well-seismic calibration result. Combining the first longitudinal wave impedance data, the second longitudinal wave impedance data, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data, a forward logging response equation set is established; according to the convolution theory model, a forward seismic response equation set is established; according to the two equation sets, a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equation set is established; according to the well-seismic calibration result, the first longitudinal wave impedance data, the second longitudinal wave impedance data, the third longitudinal wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation, a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model is established; according to the Bayesian inversion theory, the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model are used for seismic inversion to obtain the wave impedance inversion solution. The method of this application combines the horizontal well technology and the seismic inversion technology to integrate the information of the entire well section, thereby overcoming the limitations of seismic inversion in processing the horizontal well section. By combining the seismic inversion technology and the horizontal well technology, the accuracy and reliability of seismic inversion are improved.

[0074] Optionally, Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the seismic inversion system architecture provided by this application. As Figure 1 shown, the seismic inversion system architecture includes at least one of the data acquisition device 101, the processing device 102, and the display device 103.

[0075] It can be understood that the structure schematically shown in the embodiments of this application does not constitute a specific limitation on the above architecture. In some other feasible embodiments of this application, the above architecture may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements, which can be specifically determined according to the actual application scenario and will not be limited here. Figure 1 The components shown can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0076] In the specific implementation process, the data acquisition device 101 may include an input / output interface or a communication interface. The data acquisition device 101 can be connected to the processing device through the input / output interface or the communication interface.

[0077] The processing device 102 can calculate the wave impedance data corresponding to the entire well section of the horizontal well according to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and the density curve data. Among them, the wave impedance data includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section. Generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data; perform well-seismic calibration according to the synthetic seismic record to obtain the well-seismic calibration result; establish a forward logging response equation set according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data; establish a forward seismic response equation set according to the convolution theory model; establish a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set according to the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set; establish a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the well-seismic calibration result, the wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation; perform seismic inversion on the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the Bayesian inversion theory to obtain the wave impedance inversion solution; thereby realizing the constraint of the entire well section information of the horizontal well on the seismic wave impedance inversion and improving the accuracy of the seismic inversion result.

[0078] The display device 103 can also be a touch display screen or the screen of a terminal device, which is used to receive user instructions while displaying the above content to achieve interaction with the user.

[0079] The following uses specific embodiments to elaborate in detail on the technical solutions of this application and how the technical solutions of this application solve the above technical problems. These several specific embodiments below can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] Figure 2 Flow schematic of a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided by this application Figure 1 As Figure 2 shown, the method includes:

[0081] S201. Obtain the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the entire well section logging of the horizontal well in the target work area. Among them, the entire well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, a deviated well section, and a horizontal section.

[0082] In this embodiment, a longitudinal wave refers to a wave in which the vibration direction of the particles is the same as the propagation direction of the wave when propagating in a medium; the longitudinal wave velocity refers to the velocity at which the longitudinal wave propagates in the medium; the density refers to the density of the medium corresponding to the entire well section of the horizontal well in the target work area; the entire well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, a deviated well section, and a horizontal section. Among them, the vertical well section refers to a part of the well section that is vertical from the wellbore, the deviated well section refers to a part of the well section where the wellbore transitions from vertical to horizontal, and the horizontal section refers to a part of the well section where the wellbore extends along the reservoir direction.

[0083] For example, the longitudinal wave velocity curve data of the full well section of the horizontal well in the target work area can be obtained through acoustic logging technology, and the density curve data of the full well section of the horizontal well in the target work area can be obtained through density logging technology.

[0084] S202. Calculate the wave impedance data corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well according to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and the density curve data, wherein the wave impedance data includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section.

[0085] In this embodiment, the longitudinal wave impedance refers to the impedance characteristic of the rock to the longitudinal wave, and the longitudinal wave impedance is the product of the longitudinal wave velocity and the density.

[0086] For example, using a preset time-domain longitudinal wave impedance model, according to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and the density curve data of the vertical well section, the deviated well section, and the horizontal section, calculate the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section respectively; as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 the ordinate in represents the time-domain (Time, unit: ms) identification, the abscissa represents the CDP (Common Depth Point) identification, and the curve represents the horizontal well drilling trajectory after time-depth calibration. A corresponding relationship is established between the depth of the horizontal well drilling trajectory and the time of the seismic data through time-depth calibration. Among them, the range of the third longitudinal wave impedance corresponding to the horizontal section is 7658 m / s*g / cm 3 to 9527 m / s*g / cm 3 ; the longitudinal wave impedance range of the preset time-domain longitudinal wave impedance model is 4042 m / s*g / cm 3 to 10756 m / s*g / cm 3 The preset time-domain longitudinal wave impedance model includes 300 seismic traces, each seismic trace includes 150 sampling points, and the interval of each sampling point is 1 ms.

[0087] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown in the schematic diagram of the longitudinal wave impedance curve of the full well section of the horizontal well, Figure 4 the abscissa in represents the longitudinal wave impedance data (Imp, unit: m / s*g / cm 3 ) corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well in the target work area, and the ordinate represents the identification of each sampling point (Sampling point, unit: number). Among them, after the 72nd sampling point is the longitudinal wave impedance curve of the horizontal section.

[0088] S203. Generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data.

[0089] In this embodiment, a reflection coefficient is calculated based on first P-wave impedance data and second P-wave impedance data; and wavelet data of a target work area is obtained, and a convolution operation is performed according to the reflection coefficient and the wavelet data to obtain a synthetic seismogram; wherein, the calculation formula of the reflection coefficient is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, R is the reflection coefficient; is the first P-wave impedance data; is the second P-wave impedance data.

[0092] Further, a convolution operation is performed according to the reflection coefficient and the wavelet data, and the calculation formula for obtaining the synthetic seismogram is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, S is the synthetic seismogram; R is the reflection coefficient; is the wavelet data.

[0095] S204. According to the synthetic seismogram, well-seismic calibration is performed to obtain a well-seismic calibration result.

[0096] In this embodiment, well-seismic calibration is a process of comparing and adjusting the synthetic seismogram with actual seismic data to establish a correspondence between the depth domain of well logging data and the time domain of seismic data.

[0097] Optionally, as Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the superposition of the calibrated well trajectory and the seismic forward profile; wherein, Figure 5 the shown seismic forward profile corresponds to Figure 3 the forward seismic profile of the wave impedance shown, and 15% Gaussian white noise is added to the forward result to simulate the actual seismic data situation.

[0098] S205. According to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data, a forward equation set of well logging response is established.

[0099] In this embodiment, the wave impedance data includes first P-wave impedance data, second P-wave impedance data, and third P-wave impedance data; then, a forward equation set of well logging response is established through the well-seismic calibration result, the first P-wave impedance data, the second P-wave impedance data, and the third P-wave impedance data; thereby, under the constraint of horizontal well logging, a forward equation set of well logging response is established visually, and the utilization degree of horizontal well logging information is improved.

[0100] S206. According to the convolution theory model, a forward equation set of seismic response is established.

[0101] In this embodiment, the formula of the forward seismic response equations is as follows:

[0102] [G] N×N ·[m] N×1 =[S] N×1

[0103] Wherein, [G] is the forward seismic response operator matrix, [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the total number of elements is N. [S] is the column vector formed by arranging seismic data longitudinally by trace.

[0104] For example, as Figure 6 shown, the product of the wavelet matrix and the first-order difference matrix is used as the coefficient matrix [g] of the single-trace forward seismic response equations 150×150 ; and then, as Figure 7 shown, the coefficient matrix [g] of the single-trace forward seismic response equations 150×150 is used as the diagonal block to construct a block diagonal matrix, thereby obtaining the forward seismic response operator matrix [G] 45000×45000 .

[0105] S207. Establish a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equations according to the well-logging response forward equations and the forward seismic response equations.

[0106] In this embodiment, according to the well-logging response forward equations and the forward seismic response equations, a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equations is established, realizing the combination of horizontal well logging information and seismic inversion technology; enabling the horizontal well information to explicitly constrain the seismic inversion method and improving the accuracy of seismic inversion.

[0107] S208. Establish a low-frequency P-wave impedance model according to the well-seismic calibration results, wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation.

[0108] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, a low-frequency P-wave impedance model is established according to the well-seismic calibration results, wave impedance data, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation to supplement the missing low-frequency data in the seismic data and improve the accuracy and reliability of the seismic inversion results. Among them, the seismic horizon interpretation is the result of analyzing seismic data to identify underground structures and stratigraphic features, and the preset seismic horizon interpretation includes geological horizon calibration, structural interpretation, and stratigraphic interpretation.

[0109] S209. Perform seismic inversion on the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equations and the low-frequency P-wave impedance model according to the Bayesian inversion theory to obtain the wave impedance inversion solution.

[0110] In this embodiment, for example, Figure 9The cross-section of the inversion result of the seismic inversion method that provides explicit constraints on horizontal well information for this application. It can be seen from Figure 9 that under the constraint of the logging information of the entire well section of the horizontal well, the inversion result resolution of the well-side trace along the horizontal well drilling trajectory is relatively higher; Figure 10 The variance cross-section of the inversion result of the seismic inversion method that provides explicit constraints on horizontal well information for this application; it can be seen from Figure 10 that by using the seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information in this application, the inversion variance of the horizontal well drilling trajectory is reduced, thereby reducing the multi-solution property of the seismic inversion result, reducing the description uncertainty of hydrocarbon reservoirs in oil and gas exploration and development, and improving the accuracy of the inversion result; Figure 11 The cross-section of the seismic inversion result without logging information constraint; by comparing Figure 9 with Figure 11 , it can be known that through the constraint of the entire well section information of the horizontal well on the seismic wave impedance inversion, the resolution and accuracy of the obtained seismic inversion result are higher.

[0111] Furthermore, Figure 12 is a comparison chart of the well-side trace inversion result and the logging curve under different constraint conditions. It can be seen from Figure 12 that the inversion result obtained by the seismic inversion method provided in this application has higher accuracy compared with the inversion result obtained by the existing technology.

[0112] The seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided in this application obtains the longitudinal wave velocity curve and density curve data of the vertical well section, inclined well section, and horizontal section of the horizontal well, calculates the longitudinal wave impedance data of each well section, generates a synthetic seismic record based on the longitudinal wave impedance data of the vertical well section and inclined well section, and performs well-seismic calibration to obtain the well-seismic calibration result; establishes a forward logging response equation set according to the well-seismic calibration result and wave impedance data; establishes a forward seismic response equation set according to the convolution theory model; combines the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set to establish a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set; according to the Bayesian inversion theory, performs seismic inversion on the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model established according to the well-seismic calibration result, wave impedance data, and preset seismic horizon interpretation to obtain the wave impedance inversion solution; thereby improving the accuracy of the description of the lateral heterogeneity of the reservoir by seismic wave impedance inversion, improving the precision and resolution of seismic inversion, and providing a reliable basis for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0113] Figure 13 The flow schematic of a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided in this application Figure 2 , as Figure 13 shown, in this embodiment Figure 2Based on the embodiments, the step S205 of establishing the forward log response equations according to the well-seismic calibration results and the wave impedance data is described in detail, including:

[0114] S1301. According to the well-seismic calibration results, assign the wave impedance data to the seismic grid through which the well trajectory passes to obtain the assigned seismic grid. The assigned seismic grid includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal well section.

[0115] In this embodiment, the well trajectory refers to the horizontal well drilling trajectory. For example, obtain the seismic grid passed through by the horizontal well drilling trajectory as shown in Figure 3 . Based on the corresponding relationship between the depth domain of the well logging data and the time domain of the seismic data in the well-seismic calibration results, assign the first longitudinal wave impedance data, the second longitudinal wave impedance data, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data as shown in Figure 4 to the corresponding seismic grid passed through by the horizontal well drilling trajectory to obtain the assigned seismic grid.

[0116] S1302. Establish the forward log response equations according to the assigned seismic grid.

[0117] In this embodiment, the formula of the forward log response equations is:

[0118] [B] n×N ·[m] N×1 =[m obs n×1

[0119] In the formula, [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the total number of elements is N. [B] is the forward log response matrix, and the matrix elements at the assigned positions are 1, and the rest are 0. n is the number of assigned grids. [m obs n×1 is the column vector composed of the well logging values of the assigned seismic grid.

[0120] In this embodiment, for example, the arrangement of [m] N×1 is arranged longitudinally according to the seismic traces to be solved; N is the product of the number of seismic traces and the number of sampling points of each seismic trace, that is, N is 45000; [B] n×N is the coefficient matrix of the forward log response equations, as shown in Figure 14 . If n is 226, then [B] n×N is a 226×45000 matrix; [m obs n×1 is a 226×1 column vector, representing the natural logarithm of the well logging values of the assigned seismic grid. ​​​

[0121] Figure 15 Flow schematic of a seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided for this application Figure 3 , as Figure 15 shown, based on the embodiment in Figure 2 the embodiment, to establish a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equation set according to the logging response forward modeling equation set and the seismic response forward modeling equation set in step S207 above, including:

[0122] S1501. Vertically splice the logging response forward modeling matrix and the seismic response forward modeling operator matrix to obtain a first matrix.

[0123] In this embodiment, for example, vertically connect the logging response forward modeling matrix [B] 226×45000 and the seismic response forward modeling operator matrix [G] 45000×45000 to form a first matrix , where the number of rows of the first matrix is the sum of the number of rows of the logging response forward modeling matrix and the seismic response forward modeling operator matrix, and the number of columns of the first matrix is the same as the number of columns of the logging response forward modeling matrix and the seismic response forward modeling operator matrix.

[0124] S1502. Vertically splice the column vector composed of the assigned seismic grid logging values and the column vector composed of the seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace to obtain a second matrix.

[0125] In this embodiment, for example, vertically connect the column vector [m obs 226×1 composed of the assigned seismic grid logging values and the column vector [S] 45000×1 composed of the seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace to form a second matrix , where the number of rows of the second matrix is the sum of the number of rows of the column vector composed of the assigned seismic grid logging values and the column vector composed of the seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace, then is a 45226×1 matrix.

[0126] S1503. Establish a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equation set according to the first matrix, the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the second matrix, where the formula of the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equation set is:

[0127] A·m = D

[0128] In the formula, A = , A is the first matrix; m = , m is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved; D = , D is the second matrix. ​

[0129] Further, after establishing the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equations based on the first matrix, the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the second matrix, seismic inversion is performed on the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward modeling equations and the low-frequency P-wave impedance model according to Bayesian inversion theory to obtain the wave impedance inversion solution.

[0130] The Bayesian inversion solution formula for the wave impedance inversion solution is:

[0131] =

[0132] In the formula, is the wave impedance inversion solution; is the low-frequency P-wave impedance model; is the prior covariance matrix of the wave impedance parameter to be solved; A is the first matrix; is the transpose matrix of the first matrix; is the data error covariance matrix; D is the second matrix.

[0133] Further, as Figure 9 shown, the natural logarithm of the wave impedance m is the wave impedance inversion solution , then the calculation formula for the wave impedance m is m = exp( ).

[0134] Figure 16 The structural schematic diagram of a seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided by this application is as Figure 16 shown. The seismic inversion device provided in this embodiment includes:

[0135] An acquisition module 1601, configured to acquire the P-wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the full well section of the horizontal well in the target work area, where the full well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, an inclined well section, and a horizontal section.

[0136] A calculation module 1602, configured to calculate the wave impedance data corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well according to the P-wave velocity curve data and the density curve data, where the wave impedance data includes the first P-wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second P-wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and the third P-wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section.

[0137] A first processing module 1603, configured to generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first P-wave impedance data and the second P-wave impedance data.

[0138] A second processing module 1604, configured to perform well-seismic calibration according to the synthetic seismic record to obtain the well-seismic calibration result.

[0139] The first establishment module 1605 is configured to establish a forward logging response equation set according to well-seismic calibration results and impedance data.

[0140] The second establishment module 1606 is configured to establish a forward seismic response equation set according to the convolution theory model.

[0141] Among them, the formula of the forward seismic response equation set is:

[0142] [G] N×N ·[m] N×1 =[S] N×1

[0143] In the formula, [G] is the forward seismic response operator matrix, and [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the impedance vector value to be solved, and the total number of elements is N. [S] is the column vector formed by arranging seismic data longitudinally by trace.

[0144] The third establishment module 1607 is configured to establish a well-seismic joint impedance forward equation set according to the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set.

[0145] The fourth establishment module 1608 is configured to establish a low-frequency P-wave impedance model according to well-seismic calibration results, impedance data, and preset seismic horizon interpretations.

[0146] The inversion module 1609 is configured to perform seismic inversion on the well-seismic joint impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency P-wave impedance model according to Bayesian inversion theory to obtain an impedance inversion solution.

[0147] Among them, the Bayesian inversion solution formula of the impedance inversion solution is:

[0148] =

[0149] In the formula, is the impedance inversion solution; is the low-frequency P-wave impedance model; is the prior covariance matrix of the impedance parameter to be solved; A is the first matrix; is the transpose matrix of the first matrix; is the data error covariance matrix; D is the second matrix.

[0150] Optionally, the first establishment module 1605 may specifically be further configured to:

[0151] According to the well-seismic calibration results, assign the wave impedance data to the seismic grid through which the well trajectory passes to obtain the assigned seismic grid, where the assigned seismic grid includes the first P-wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second P-wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and the third P-wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal well section;

[0152] Based on the assigned seismic grid, establish a forward logging response equation set.

[0153] Among them, the formula of the forward logging response equation set is:

[0154] [B] n×N ·[m] N×1 =[m obs n×1

[0155] In the formula, [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, with a total of N elements. [B] is the forward logging response matrix, and the matrix elements at the assigned positions are 1, and the rest are 0. n is the number of assigned grids. [m obs n×1 is the column vector composed of the logging values of the assigned seismic grid.

[0156] Optionally, the third establishment module 1607 can specifically be further used for:

[0157] Vertically splice the forward logging response matrix and the forward seismic response operator matrix to obtain the first matrix;

[0158] Vertically splice the column vector composed of the logging values of the assigned seismic grid and the column vector composed of the seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace to obtain the second matrix;

[0159] Based on the first matrix, the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the second matrix, establish a well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equation set, where the formula of the well-seismic joint wave impedance forward equation set is:

[0160] A·m = D

[0161] In the formula, A = , A is the first matrix; m = , m is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved; D = , D is the second matrix.

[0162] The seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, which will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.

[0163] ​​Figure 17 This is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic inversion device provided for this application based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information. As Figure 17 shown, the seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information provided in this embodiment includes: at least one processor 1701 and a memory 1702. Optionally, the seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information further includes a communication component 1703. Among them, the processor 1701, the memory 1702, and the communication component 1703 are connected through a bus 1704.

[0164] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor 1701 executes computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1702, so that at least one processor 1701 executes the above-mentioned method.

[0165] For the specific implementation process of the processor 1701, reference can be made to the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, so they will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.

[0166] In the above embodiment, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, abbreviated: CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (English: Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated: DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (English: Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated: ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the invention can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0167] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (Non-volatile Memory, NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0168] The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the convenience of representation, the bus in the attached drawings of this application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0169] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method.

[0170] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-mentioned method.

[0171] The above-mentioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0172] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a device.

[0173] The division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

[0174] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0175] In addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0176] If a function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs, and other various media that can store program codes.

[0177] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When this program is executed, it executes the steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROMs, RAMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs, and other various media that can store program codes.

[0178] Finally, it should be noted that: After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily think of other implementation manners of the present invention. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention. These variations, uses, or adaptations follow the general principles of the present invention and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention. It is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, characterized in that Applied to a computer device, the method includes: Obtain the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the full well section logging of a horizontal well in a target work area, where the full well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, an inclined well section, and a horizontal section; According to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and the density curve data, calculate the wave impedance data corresponding to the full well section of the horizontal well, where the wave impedance data includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section; Generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data; Perform well-seismic calibration based on the synthetic seismic record to obtain a well-seismic calibration result; Establish a forward logging response equation set according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data; Establish a forward seismic response equation set according to the convolution theory model; Establish a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set according to the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set; Establish a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the well-seismic calibration result, the wave impedance data, and a preset seismic horizon interpretation; Perform seismic inversion on the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the Bayesian inversion theory to obtain a wave impedance inversion solution.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of establishing a forward logging response equation set according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data includes: According to the well-seismic calibration result, assign the wave impedance data to the seismic grid through which the well trajectory passes to obtain an assigned seismic grid, where the assigned seismic grid includes the first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, the second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the inclined well section, and the third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section; Establish a forward logging response equation set according to the assigned seismic grid.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The formula of the forward logging response equation set is: [B] n×N · [m] N×1 = [m obs n×1 ​ where, [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the total number of elements is N. [B] is the forward matrix of logging response, the matrix elements at the assigned positions are 1, and the rest are 0. n is the number of meshes assigned, [m obs n×1 is the column vector composed of the logging values of the seismic meshes after assignment.​ 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The formula of the forward seismic response equation set is: [G] N×N ·[m] N×1 =[S] N×1 where [G] is the forward operator matrix of seismic response, and [m] N×1 is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector values to be solved, with a total of N elements, and [S] is the column vector formed by arranging seismic data longitudinally by trace.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of establishing a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set according to the forward logging response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set includes: Vertically splice the forward logging response matrix and the forward seismic response operator matrix to obtain a first matrix; Vertically splice the column vector composed of the logging values of the assigned seismic grid and the column vector composed of the seismic data arranged longitudinally by trace to obtain a second matrix; Establish the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set according to the first matrix, the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be solved, and the second matrix, where the formula of the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set is: A·m = D where A = , A is the first matrix; m = , m is the natural logarithm of the wave impedance vector value to be obtained; D = , D is the second matrix.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The Bayesian inversion solution formula of the wave impedance inversion solution is: = In the formula, is the wave impedance inversion solution; is the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model; is the prior covariance matrix of the wave impedance parameter to be solved; A is the first matrix; is the transpose matrix of the first matrix; is the data error covariance matrix; D is the second matrix.

7. A seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, characterized in that, Including: An acquisition module for acquiring the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and density curve data of the full well section logging of a horizontal well in a target work area, where the full well section of the horizontal well includes a vertical well section, an inclined well section, and a horizontal section; A calculation module, configured to calculate wave impedance data corresponding to the entire well section of the horizontal well according to the longitudinal wave velocity curve data and the density curve data, wherein the wave impedance data includes first longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the vertical well section, second longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the deviated well section, and third longitudinal wave impedance data corresponding to the horizontal section; A first processing module, configured to generate a synthetic seismic record according to the first longitudinal wave impedance data and the second longitudinal wave impedance data; A second processing module, configured to perform well-seismic calibration according to the synthetic seismic record to obtain a well-seismic calibration result; A first establishment module, configured to establish a forward log response equation set according to the well-seismic calibration result and the wave impedance data; A second establishment module, configured to establish a forward seismic response equation set according to the convolutional theory model; A third establishment module, configured to establish a well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set according to the forward log response equation set and the forward seismic response equation set; A fourth establishment module, configured to establish a low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the well-seismic calibration result, the wave impedance data, and a preset seismic horizon interpretation; An inversion module, configured to perform seismic inversion on the well-seismic coupled wave impedance forward equation set and the low-frequency longitudinal wave impedance model according to the Bayesian inversion theory to obtain a wave impedance inversion solution.

8. A seismic inversion device based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information, characterized in that, Comprising: At least one processor; And A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well information according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well logging information according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Comprising a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the seismic inversion method based on explicit constraints of horizontal well logging information according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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