Portable harvesting and sowing all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable harvesting and sowing all-in-one machine which comprises a frame, and the frame is sequentially provided with a front auxiliary guide wheel, a first driving installation assembly, a sowing discharging bin, a soil covering assembly and a rear power wheel in the advancing direction. The front auxiliary guide wheel is connected with the operating handle; the first driving mounting assembly is connected with a reaper or a soil loosening plough; a rotary disc is arranged in the seeding blanking bin and connected with a second driver, hole bins are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the rotary disc, a blanking port is formed in the top of the seeding blanking bin, a storage funnel is arranged above the blanking port, and a blanking hole is formed in the bottom of the seeding blanking bin; the soil covering assembly is used for gathering soil to the middle; the rear power wheel is connected with a third driver; supporting universal wheels are arranged on the two sides of the frame in the width direction. The harvester integrates two functions of harvesting and sowing, achieves the purpose of one machine with multiple purposes, and is light, flexible, high in efficiency and controllable in preparation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural operations, and particularly to a portable harvesting and seeding integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] Vegetable harvesting machinery has experienced a development process from simple manual harvesting to single-operation tools, then to complete sets of tools, from sectional operation tools to combined operation tools, with a relatively fast development speed.

[0003] Although vegetable production and consumption are relatively high, due to the late start and slow development process of vegetable harvesting, sowing machinery and equipment, vegetable production mechanization is still in its initial stage, with a low level and unbalanced development. Harvesting machinery mainly focuses on one-time harvesting. Since most research on vegetable harvesting machinery is still in its infancy, the technology of precise seeding equipment is slightly backward, and tillage machinery and harvesting machinery are almost blank. Moreover, it has a large labor occupancy, high production costs, and low production efficiency, seriously restricting the enthusiasm of vegetable farmers for growing vegetables.

[0004] Specifically, the sown area and output of vegetables in China account for more than 40% and 50% of the world's total respectively, and show a continuous growth trend. In recent years, with the rapid development of the urbanization process and a large number of rural young and middle-aged labor forces entering cities to engage in non-agricultural work, the cost of agricultural labor has increased, seriously restricting the sustainable development of the vegetable industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a portable harvesting and seeding integrated machine, which integrates the two functions of harvesting and seeding, realizes the goal of multi-purpose use of one machine, and the product is light, flexible, efficient, and the preparation cost is controllable.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a portable harvesting and seeding integrated machine, including a frame. Along the traveling direction, a front auxiliary guiding wheel, a first driving and mounting component, a seeding and feeding bin, a soil covering component, and a rear power wheel are sequentially arranged on the frame;

[0007] The front auxiliary guiding wheel is connected to an operation handle and is used for traveling guidance;

[0008] The first driving and mounting component is connected to a harvester or a subsoiler and is used for driving the harvester to harvest vegetables or for fixing the position of the subsoiler;

[0009] A turntable is arranged in the seeding and feeding bin. The turntable is connected to a second driver. Cavity bins are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the turntable. A material dropping port is arranged at the top of the seeding and feeding bin. A storage hopper is arranged above the material dropping port. A material discharging hole is arranged at the bottom of the seeding and feeding bin;

[0010] The soil covering component is used for gathering soil towards the middle;

[0011] The rear driving wheel is connected to the third driver.

[0012] Support universal wheels are provided on both sides of the vehicle frame in the width direction.

[0013] Furthermore, a steering driven shaft is provided on the front auxiliary guiding wheel. The steering driven shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through two first bearing seats. One end of the operating handle is connected to the steering driving shaft through a universal joint. The steering driving shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through a second bearing seat. A first belt transmission assembly is connected between the steering driven shaft and the steering driving shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the first driving and mounting assembly includes an angle adjustment motor and a harvesting motor. The harvesting motor is fixed on the upper part of the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft is connected to the machine frame through a third bearing seat. A first gear is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the hollow shaft. The angle adjustment motor is connected to a second gear. The first gear and the second gear are meshed and connected. The bottom of the hollow shaft is connected to a harvester or a subsoiler.

[0015] Furthermore, the harvester includes a tool rest. The tool rest is connected to the bottom of the hollow shaft. A transverse movement track is provided on the tool rest. An L-shaped harvesting knife is arranged on the transverse movement track. The harvesting motor drives the L-shaped harvesting knife to reciprocate on the transverse movement track.

[0016] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the top of the L-shaped harvesting knife. An eccentric wheel is arranged in the groove. The eccentric wheel is connected to the harvesting motor. The harvesting motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the L-shaped harvesting knife to reciprocate by abutting against the inner wall of the groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the L-shaped harvesting knife includes a sliding plate and a blade. The sliding plate is locked on the transverse movement track. The blade is locked on the sliding plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the soil covering assembly includes two L-shaped flat baffles. The two L-shaped flat baffles are arranged at an angle, with the large ends facing the front auxiliary guiding wheel and an avoidance gap is provided between the small ends.

[0019] Furthermore, bending locking plates are provided at the tops of the two L-shaped flat baffles. The upper parts of the two L-shaped flat baffles close to the bending locking plates are fixed through bending connecting pieces.

[0020] Furthermore, the second driver and the first driver are a double-shaft output motor. One end of the output shaft of the double-shaft output motor drives the rear driving wheel through a second belt transmission assembly, and the other end drives the turntable to rotate through a third belt transmission assembly.

[0021] A stop hole is provided at the center of the turntable, and the turntable is sleeved on the stop shaft through the stop hole, and the stop shaft is connected to the third belt transmission assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, a controller is provided on the operating handle.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] 1. Multifunctional: Through simple replacement, the two functions of harvesting and sowing can be integrated into one design, with a wide range of operation;

[0025] Specifically, the harvesting mechanism and the sowing mechanism are cleverly assembled on the same frame. Harvesting and sowing cooperate with each other without interfering with each other. The harvesting knife can be replaced with a loosening plow to cooperate with the sowing task. The turntable for sowing can be quickly replaced to achieve a variety of replacement options and adapt to different sowing products and sowing densities.

[0026] 2. High efficiency: Through continuous operation driven by motors and remote control, it liberates labor and improves production efficiency;

[0027] Specifically, the advance, harvesting and sowing of the harvester are all driven by motors, which minimizes the labor cost. The control module is integrated in the operating handle, and the cutting knife is remotely controlled. The operation is simple and easy to learn. Experiments have proved that the working efficiency of the harvester is 10 times that of manual labor.

[0028] 3. High cost performance: The work cost is low, making it more efficient and affordable;

[0029] Specifically, the whole vehicle has a low cost and is affordable, which is suitable for individual farmers. The two functions of harvesting and sowing can be purchased at a low price, greatly reducing the cost of labor.

[0030] 4. Simple structure: materials are easy to obtain, and easy to replace and maintain by yourself.

[0031] Specifically, the harvester-seeder has a control panel, several batteries, and three motors. The overall frame is built with aluminum alloy trusses. Some parts can be 3D printed. The materials are easy to obtain, replace, and maintain. The vehicle adopts a simplified design, and the main structure is mechanical, which is simple and reliable to operate.

[0032] 5. The overall structure is portable and compact: compact structure, light weight, suitable for a variety of terrains.

[0033] Specifically, it can be easily put into the trunk of ordinary cars, tricycles, and pickup trucks, making it easy for individual farmers to load and unload to the workplace. The rear wheels are equipped with double spring shock-absorbing auxiliary universal wheels, which make the vehicle more stable when driving and suitable for different complex working roads, greatly reducing the difficulty of single-person operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is the present invention Figure 1 The front view structure schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 3 It is the sowing and feeding cross-section structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is the cross-section structure schematic diagram of the harvester part of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the harvester of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of the soil covering component of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and be able to implement it, but the embodiments cited do not limit the present invention.

[0041] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the portable harvesting and sowing integrated machine of the present invention includes a vehicle frame 1. Along the traveling direction, a front auxiliary guiding wheel 2, a first driving and mounting component 3, a sowing and feeding bin 4, a soil covering component 5, and a rear power wheel 6 are sequentially arranged on the vehicle frame.

[0042] The above-mentioned front auxiliary guiding wheel is connected to the operation handle 7 for traveling guidance. By controlling the operation handle, the front auxiliary guiding wheel is driven to rotate left or right, thereby controlling the moving direction. A controller is arranged on the operation handle for controlling the first driving and mounting component, the feeding bin, and the rear power wheel on the operation handle, which is convenient and reliable; the first driving and mounting component is connected to the harvester 8 or the subsoiler. The harvester is used to drive the harvester to harvest vegetables, and the subsoiler is used to fix the position of the subsoiler. The subsoiler is a conventional structure, and only an adapter connected to the first driving and mounting component needs to be designed on the existing structure, which is not shown in the drawings. The rear power wheel is connected to the third driver, and power is provided by the third driver.

[0043] During use, the rear driving wheels provide forward power, and the operator controls the forward direction by operating the handle. When harvesting is required, the harvester is installed on the first driving and mounting assembly, and the first driving and mounting assembly drives the harvester to operate to cut vegetables, achieving the harvesting effect. In the above process, since the vehicle needs to move along the side of the vegetables, the harvester needs to be prominently arranged on the side of the vehicle to be able to cut the vegetables. To sum up, in order to ensure that when not harvesting vegetables, the prominent harvester poses a safety hazard, the first driving and mounting assembly can also drive the harvester to be stored under the frame and not be prominently arranged. When sowing is required, the harvester is removed from the first driving and mounting assembly, and then the soil loosening plow is replaced and installed. Driven by the rear driving wheels to move, the soil loosening plow loosens the position under the frame and forms a gully. During the subsequent movement, the sowing and feeding bin drops seeds into the gully according to the moving speed. During the subsequent movement, the soil covering assembly can gather the soil towards the middle, that is, the soil covering assembly pushes the soil on both sides of the gully back into the gully. At the same time, during the movement, the rear driving wheels also compact the soil pushed back into the gully. This process does not require manual intervention.

[0044] During the driving process of the vehicle, if it is only supported by the front auxiliary guiding wheels and the rear driving wheels, it will tip over. Therefore, support universal wheels 14 are provided on both sides of the frame in the width direction. The support universal wheels provide effective support on both sides to avoid tipping over and make the control more convenient.

[0045] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, a turntable 9 is arranged in the above-mentioned sowing and feeding bin. The turntable is connected to the second driver. Cavity bins 10 are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the turntable. A material dropping port 11 is arranged at the top of the sowing and feeding bin. A storage hopper 12 is arranged above the material dropping port. A blanking hole 13 is arranged at the bottom of the sowing and feeding bin. Seeds are directly stacked in the storage hopper. The seeds enter the material dropping port from the bottom of the storage hopper. The seeds in the material dropping port accumulate. As the turntable rotates, when the cavity bin moves to the material dropping port, the seeds will fall into the cavity bin. After the space in the cavity bin is filled, the seeds cannot continue to enter the cavity bin. This cavity bin rotates with the seeds and drives them towards the blanking hole. When the cavity bin is aligned with the blanking hole, the seeds automatically fall out of the vehicle due to their own weight, achieving the effect of automatic sowing and seed spreading.

[0046] Based on the above structure, the present application also discloses a structure for facilitating the sowing spacing of seeds. The second driver and the first driver are replaced by a dual-axis output motor 39. One end of the output shaft of the dual-axis output motor drives the rear driving wheels through a second belt transmission assembly 40, and the other end drives the turntable to rotate through a third belt transmission assembly 41. When the dual-axis output motor rotates, it can synchronously drive the turntable to rotate and the rear driving wheels to rotate, that is, seeds are automatically sown during the traveling process. According to the control of the rotation rate, the sowing spacing can be effectively controlled.

[0047] For different seeds, the seeding rates are also different. Therefore, a rotation-stop hole 42 is provided at the center of the turntable. The turntable is sleeved on the rotation-stop shaft 43 through the rotation-stop hole. The rotation-stop shaft is connected to the third belt drive assembly. The turntable is not fixedly connected to the rotation-stop shaft. The axial position and radial position of the turntable are restricted by the seeding and discharging bin, and the circumferential position is restricted by the rotation-stop shaft. The rotation-stop shaft can drive the turntable to rotate. Based on this, when the turntable needs to be replaced, only the seeding and discharging bin needs to be disassembled, and then it can be unplugged and replaced.

[0048] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to facilitate the implementation of direction control operations and conduct effective design: a steering driven shaft 15 is provided on the front auxiliary guide wheel. The steering driven shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through two first bearing seats 16. One end of the operation handle is connected to the steering driving shaft 18 through a universal joint 17. The steering driving shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through a second bearing seat 19. The steering driven shaft and the steering driving shaft are connected through a first belt drive assembly 20. The universal joint enables the operation handle to adjust and rotate the steering driving shaft at any angle. The rotation of the steering driving shaft can drive the steering driven shaft to rotate synchronously and in the same direction through the first belt drive assembly, and the operation is convenient and reliable.

[0049] Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the present application discloses a harvesting drive structure. Specifically, the first drive installation assembly includes an angle adjustment motor 21 and a harvesting motor 22. The harvesting motor is fixed on the upper part of the hollow shaft 23. The hollow shaft is connected to the machine frame through a third bearing seat 24. A first gear 25 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the hollow shaft. The angle adjustment motor is connected to a second gear 26. The first gear and the second gear are meshed and connected. The bottom of the hollow shaft is connected to a harvester or a subsoiler. The angle adjustment motor drives the first gear and the second gear to rotate through rotation. The second gear drives the hollow shaft to rotate. The rotation of the hollow shaft can drive the harvester to rotate. When the harvester is not in use, it rotates and is stored. When the harvester is in use, it rotates and extends. When a subsoiler is installed, the angle adjustment motor makes the first gear not rotate through its self-locking ability, that is, the second gear and the hollow shaft do not rotate either, and the subsoiler ensures to face the traveling direction and plow the land stably.

[0050] Based on the above harvesting requirements, the present application discloses a reciprocating harvesting method. That is, the harvester includes a tool carrier 27. The tool carrier is connected to the bottom of the hollow shaft. A transverse movement track 28 is provided on the tool carrier. An L-shaped harvesting knife 30 is arranged on the transverse movement track. The harvesting motor drives the L-shaped harvesting knife to reciprocate on the transverse movement track. A groove 31 is provided at the top of the L-shaped harvesting knife. An eccentric wheel 32 is arranged in the groove. The eccentric wheel is connected to the harvesting motor. The harvesting motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the L-shaped harvesting knife to reciprocate by abutting against the inner wall of the groove.

[0051] The above-mentioned harvesting motor rotates on its own, driving the eccentric wheel to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric wheel can push against the inner wall of one side of the groove, that is, apply a unidirectional force. Along the guiding direction of the transverse movement track, after abutting against one side, the force pushes for movement. When the eccentric wheel rotates towards the other side, the direction of the force changes, and the moving direction also changes accordingly, thus achieving the effect of reciprocating movement. The L-shaped harvesting knife is designed to include a sliding plate 34 and a blade 35. The sliding plate is locked on the transverse movement track, and the blade is locked on the sliding plate. When the blade is damaged, it only needs to be disassembled from the sliding plate, which is convenient for operation.

[0052] Referring to Figure 6 As shown, during the sowing process, the soil covering work is also extremely important. Therefore, the soil covering component is designed to include two L-shaped flat baffles 36. The two L-shaped flat baffles are arranged at an angle, with the large ends facing the front auxiliary guide wheels, and there is an avoidance gap between the small ends. The soil on both sides brought out by the soil loosening plow will be squeezed and gathered towards the small ends by the two L-shaped flat baffles, resulting in good soil covering effect. And the gathered position is at the rear power wheel, where compaction operation can be immediately carried out. Bending lock plates 37 are arranged at the tops of the two L-shaped flat baffles, and the upper parts of the two L-shaped flat baffles near the bending lock plates are fixed by bending connecting pieces 38, effectively improving the overall strength and facilitating installation.

[0053] On the above-mentioned frame, a lithium battery is also provided to supply power to the motor.

[0054] The combined harvesting and sowing machine described in this application is mainly used for harvesting leafy vegetables. To prevent damage to the vegetables during the harvesting process, a single-knife reciprocating cutting method is selected. Through experimental tests, the results show that too fast motor speed will cause the machine to resonate, run unstably and cause secondary cutting of the vegetables, while too slow speed will result in uneven cutting surfaces of the crops or difficulty in cutting the roots and stems. Therefore, a 330-rpm 12V DC motor is selected as the cutting power source, so that the harvesting and sowing machine can operate stably, and the cutting surfaces of the vegetables can also be neat and flat under low-speed operation. During the harvesting operation, considering the actual situation, the target vegetables to be harvested need to be on the left or right side of the harvester. When not performing the harvesting operation, the cutting knife needs to be retracted to avoid harming the operator. A reversing device is installed in the cutting mechanism part, and a 12V servo motor is used as the power source, and the Arduino development board controls the rotation angle of the servo motor.

[0055] The design of the seeding mechanism mainly focuses on designing the seeding execution mechanism and the seeding transmission system. The seeding process needs to complete three steps: soil loosening, seeding, and soil covering. Soil loosening is completed by a subsoiler installed at the cutter position. Seeding is achieved by a rotating disk that relies on gravity to carry the seeds in the hopper to the seed outlet. Finally, soil covering is done by a soil covering frame, and the rear wheels compact the soil. The rotating disk can be replaced to adapt to different seeds and seeding densities. In this design, the transmission system of the seeding system has been simplified. The power sources of the seeding system and the rear-wheel drive system are combined, and a 12V double-shaft motor is used. The rotating disk seed bin and the rear wheels are respectively driven to rotate through belt drives.

[0056] The above mechanism solves the pain points of small private farmer fields, complex working environments, inability of large agricultural machinery to enter, and high difficulty in replacement and maintenance. It is a multifunctional harvesting and seeding integrated machine that is portable, has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has an affordable price.

[0057] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments given to fully illustrate the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable combined harvesting and seeding machine, characterized in that, The vehicle comprises a frame, wherein the frame is provided with a front auxiliary guide wheel, a first drive mounting assembly, a sowing and discharging bin, a soil covering assembly and a rear power wheel in sequence along the traveling direction; The front auxiliary guide wheel is connected to the operating handle and is used for traveling guidance; The first drive mounting assembly is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow and is used to drive the harvester to harvest vegetables or to fix the position of the loosening plow; A rotating disk is arranged in the sowing material bin, the rotating disk is connected to the second driver, hole bins are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating disk, a material discharge port is arranged on the top of the sowing material bin, a material storage funnel is arranged above the material discharge port, and a material discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the sowing material bin; The soil covering component is used to gather the soil toward the middle; The rear power wheel is connected to the third drive; The frame is provided with supporting universal wheels on both sides along the width direction.

2. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front auxiliary guide wheel is provided with a steering driven shaft, which is connected to the frame through two first bearing seats, one end of the operating handle is connected to the steering active shaft through a universal joint, the steering active shaft is connected to the frame through a second bearing seat, and the steering driven shaft is connected to the steering active shaft through a first belt transmission assembly.

3. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive mounting assembly includes an angle adjustment motor and a harvesting motor, the harvesting motor is fixed on the upper part of the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft is connected to the frame through a third bearing seat, a first gear is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the hollow shaft, the angle adjustment motor is connected to the second gear, the first gear and the second gear are meshingly connected, and the bottom of the hollow shaft is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow.

4. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 3, wherein, The harvester comprises a knife holder, which is connected to the bottom of the hollow shaft. A transverse track is arranged on the knife holder, an L-shaped harvesting knife is arranged on the transverse track, and the harvesting motor drives the L-shaped harvesting knife to reciprocate on the transverse track.

5. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 4, wherein, The top of the L-shaped harvesting knife is provided with a groove, and an eccentric wheel is provided in the groove. The eccentric wheel is connected to the harvesting motor, and the harvesting motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the L-shaped harvesting knife to reciprocate by abutting against the inner wall of the groove.

6. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The L-shaped harvesting knife comprises a sliding plate and a blade, wherein the sliding plate is locked on the transverse track, and the blade is locked on the sliding plate.

7. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein The soil covering assembly comprises two L-shaped plane baffles, which are arranged at an angle with the large ends facing the front auxiliary guide wheel and an avoidance gap being arranged between the small ends.

8. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 7, wherein, The tops of the two L-shaped plane baffles are both provided with bent locking plates, and the upper parts of the two L-shaped plane baffles close to the bent locking plates are fixed by bent connectors.

9. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein, The second driver and the first driver are a double-shaft output motor, one end of the output shaft of the double-shaft output motor drives the rear power wheel through the second belt transmission assembly, and the other end drives the turntable to rotate through the third belt transmission assembly; A stop hole is provided at the center of the turntable, and the turntable is sleeved on the stop shaft through the stop hole, and the stop shaft is connected to the third belt transmission assembly.

10. The portable combined harvesting and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A controller is arranged on the operating handle.

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