Battery pack early-stage fire early-warning fire-fighting system and method based on energy storage container

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack early-stage fire early-warning fire-fighting system and method based on an energy storage container. The system comprises a plurality of battery pack BMS, a battery cluster BMS, an electromagnetic valve, a battery pack nozzle, a system BMS and a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device. The battery pack BMS is used for collecting battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and uploading the battery state data to the corresponding battery cluster BMS; the battery cluster BMS is used for obtaining a battery state result according to the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and performing corresponding response control based on the battery state result so as to control the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device and the corresponding electromagnetic valve to open for spraying when the battery pack is in thermal runaway; and the system BMS is used for displaying and recording information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and spraying information fed back by the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device. By monitoring the battery state of each battery pack in real time, thermal runaway of the battery packs can be detected in an early stage, fire spreading can be prevented, and accurate spraying can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage fire protection, and particularly relates to an early fire warning and fire protection system and method for a battery pack based on an energy storage container. Background Art

[0002] An energy storage container uses a container as a good carrier and relies on the internal energy storage device to better provide uninterrupted power for various devices. Among them, the batteries in the battery prefabrication compartment of the energy storage container will cause diaphragm damage under adverse conditions such as overcharging, overheating, and extrusion, and then thermal runaway will occur, releasing a large amount of heat and combustible gases, which will further cause fire or even explosion accidents. Therefore, there are fire safety hazards in the energy storage container, and it is very important to install a fire protection system for the energy storage container.

[0003] Currently, the existing PACK-level fire automatic alarm system for energy storage containers generally uses traditional composite fire detectors to detect fire information. When it detects information such as smoke particles, temperature, and a certain concentration of combustible gases, it then uploads the detection information to the fire protection host to make corresponding responses according to the settings, and at the same time activates the audible and visual alarm. However, the existing PACK-level fire automatic alarm system for energy storage containers has the following technical problems:

[0004] 1. It is impossible to locate the smoke source point. In addition, it takes a certain amount of time for the temperature radiation heat source to be detected by the temperature-sensitive detector, and early fires cannot be predicted.

[0005] 2. There is a phenomenon of waste of fire inhibitors during the process of suppressing fires by cluster spraying fire extinguishing agents.

[0006] 3. The detector needs to be prefabricated and implanted into the battery pack in advance, which will affect the structural form of the battery pack and the mold opening cycle is long.

[0007] 4. When the detector in the battery pack fails and needs to be repaired or maintained, according to the normal procedure, it is necessary to remove the fixing screws and disassemble the maintenance cover plate, which will affect the IP rating (i.e., Ingress Protection, protection rating) of the battery pack; after the repair is completed, it is reinstalled in sequence, which is time-consuming and will also affect the later use effect of the battery pack.

[0008] 5. The detector in the battery pack is placed close to the maintenance cover plate. When the battery cells near the detector are out of control thermally, the thermal runaway information can be detected and reported relatively quickly, but for those far away from the detector, it cannot be detected in time, and the detection effect is relatively slow compared to the battery management system. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art. Embodiments of the present invention provide a battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system and method based on an energy storage container. By monitoring the battery state of each battery pack in real time, thermal runaway of the battery pack can be detected early and the spread of fire can be prevented, and accurate spraying can be achieved.

[0010] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on an energy storage container, which is applied to an energy storage container. The energy storage container includes a plurality of battery clusters, and each battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs. The battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container includes: a plurality of battery pack BMSs, a plurality of battery cluster BMSs, a system BMS, a perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device, a plurality of solenoid valves, and a plurality of battery pack nozzles.

[0011] For each battery cluster among the plurality of battery clusters, a corresponding battery pack BMS is provided on each battery pack in the battery cluster. The battery pack BMSs on all the battery packs in the battery cluster are communicatively connected to a corresponding battery cluster BMS. The battery cluster BMS is communicatively connected to the system BMS and the perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device. The perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device is further connected to the battery pack nozzles provided on each battery pack in the battery cluster through perfluoromethylcyclohexane pipelines, and a corresponding solenoid valve is provided on the perfluoromethylcyclohexane pipeline connecting the perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device and the battery pack nozzles. The solenoid valve is communicatively connected to the battery cluster BMS; the perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device is communicatively connected to the system BMS.

[0012] Wherein, the battery pack BMS is used to collect battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and upload it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS; the battery cluster BMS is used to obtain a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and perform corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve to open for spraying when the battery pack has thermal runaway; the system BMS is used to display and record the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information fed back by the perfluoromethylcyclohexane fire extinguishing device.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting method based on an energy storage container. The method is applied to the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container described in the first aspect above. The method includes:

[0014] The battery pack BMS in the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container collects battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and uploads it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS in the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container.

[0015] The BMS of the battery cluster obtains a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and performs corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs of the energy storage container to open for spraying when a battery pack in the energy storage container has a thermal runaway;

[0016] The system BMS in the early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs of the energy storage container displays and records the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information fed back by the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention provides an early fire warning and fire protection system and method for battery packs of an energy storage container. The system is applied to an energy storage container and includes: a plurality of battery pack BMSs, a plurality of battery cluster BMSs, a system BMS, a Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device, a plurality of solenoid valves, and a plurality of battery pack nozzles; wherein, the battery pack BMS is used to collect the battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and upload it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS; the battery cluster BMS is used to obtain a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and perform corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve to open for spraying when a battery pack has a thermal runaway; the system BMS is used to display and record the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information fed back by the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device. By monitoring the battery state of each battery pack in real time, the present invention can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack early and prevent the spread of fire, and can spray accurately without affecting the performance of other battery packs. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of an early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs of an energy storage container provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic flowchart of an early fire warning and fire protection method for battery packs of an energy storage container provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic sub - flowchart of an early fire warning and fire protection method for battery packs of an energy storage container provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, the description of the reference numerals in the drawings is as follows:

[0023] 1. Battery pack BMS; 2. Battery cluster BMS; 3. System BMS; 4. Perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device; 5. Solenoid valve; 6. Perfluoromethylhexanone pipeline; 61. Perfluoromethylhexanone main pipeline; 62. Perfluoromethylhexanone cluster pipeline; 63. Perfluoromethylhexanone branch pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0026] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0027] It should be further understood that the term " / and / " used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic block diagram of an early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on an energy storage container provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on an energy storage container provided in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to an energy storage container, and the energy storage container includes a plurality of battery clusters (refer to the battery clusters 1, 2... n shown in Figure 1 , where 1... n represent serial numbers), and each battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs (refer to Figure 1PACK1, PACK2... PACKn-1, PACKn shown in the figure (1... n represent serial numbers); the early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on energy storage containers includes: several battery pack BMSs 1, several battery cluster BMSs 2, a system BMS 3, a perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4, several solenoid valves 5, and several battery pack nozzles (not shown); for each battery cluster among the several battery clusters, one corresponding battery pack BMS 1 is provided on each battery pack in the battery cluster, the battery pack BMSs 1 on all battery packs in the battery cluster are communicatively connected to one corresponding battery cluster BMS 2, the battery cluster BMS 2 is communicatively connected to the system BMS 3 and the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4, the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4 is further connected to the battery pack nozzles provided on each battery pack in the battery cluster through a perfluoromethylhexanone pipeline 6, and one corresponding solenoid valve 5 is provided on the perfluoromethylhexanone pipeline 6 connecting the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4 and the battery pack nozzles, and the solenoid valve 5 is communicatively connected to the battery cluster BMS 2; the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4 is communicatively connected to the system BMS 3.

[0029] Among them, the battery pack BMS 1 is used to collect the battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and upload it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS 2; the battery cluster BMS 2 is used to obtain the battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS 1 in the corresponding battery cluster, and perform corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4 and the corresponding solenoid valve 5 to open for spraying when the battery pack is in thermal runaway; the system BMS 3 is used to display and record the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS 2 and the spraying information fed back by the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1, in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on energy storage containers provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack BMS1, the solenoid valve 5, and the battery pack nozzles in each energy storage container are equal in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs in the energy storage container, and the battery cluster BMS2 in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on energy storage containers is equal in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the battery clusters in the energy storage container. Specifically, a battery pack BMS1 is provided on each battery pack to collect the battery state data of the corresponding battery pack through the battery pack BMS1 and upload the collected battery state data to the corresponding battery cluster BMS2. Among them, the battery state data of the battery pack is battery level-related parameters, such as the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate of the battery pack, to determine whether the battery state data of the battery pack exceeds the safety limit and reaches the thermal runaway condition, so as to detect the battery state of the battery pack. A battery cluster BMS2 is provided on each battery cluster. The battery cluster BMS2 receives the battery state data uploaded by the battery pack BMS1 on each battery pack in its corresponding battery cluster. The battery cluster BMS2 evaluates the battery level-related parameters of the received battery state data to obtain a battery state result. The battery state result is used to indicate the battery state of each battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster. The battery cluster BMS2 performs corresponding response control based on the battery state result, that is, the battery cluster BMS2 can make a fire fighting judgment and act according to the received battery state data. When the battery cluster BMS2 detects that the battery state of a battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster is in a thermal runaway state based on the battery state result, that is, when there is a battery pack thermal runaway in the corresponding battery cluster, the battery cluster BMS2 controls the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4 to open, and at the same time controls the solenoid valve 5 corresponding to the thermally out-of-control battery pack to open, so as to spray the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing agent transported by the perfluoropentanone pipeline 6 through the corresponding battery pack nozzle onto the thermally out-of-control battery pack. And, the system BMS3 will display and record the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS2 and the spraying information feedback by the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4. The information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS2 to the system BMS3 includes the battery state data received by each battery cluster BMS2, the obtained battery state result, and the response information of the corresponding response control made, so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to view.

[0031] In addition, the system BMS3 can also communicate with the station-level fire control host and the remote APP, enabling remote operation of the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery pack based on the energy storage container through the station-level fire control host or the remote APP. For example, the system BMS3 uploads the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS2 and the spraying information feedback by the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4 to the station-level fire control host. When the station-level fire control host detects that a battery pack is thermally out of control based on the received information but the corresponding battery cluster BMS2 fails to make a corresponding response control, the station-level fire control host can issue an instruction to the system BMS3 to remotely control the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery pack based on the energy storage container to perform fire protection actions on the corresponding thermally out-of-control battery pack (i.e., the fire point).

[0032] The early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery pack based on the energy storage container provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the method of introducing perfluoropentanone pipelines 6 into the package and single-package controlled spraying. By monitoring the battery state of the corresponding battery pack through the battery pack BMS1, it can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack at an early stage and locate the fire source point, so as to accurately spray the fire extinguishing agent on the thermally out-of-control battery pack, thereby preventing the spread of fire, not affecting the use performance of other battery packs, and avoiding the waste of the fire extinguishing agent. Applying the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery pack based on the energy storage container provided by the embodiment of the present invention, there is no need to prefabricate composite fire detectors in the battery pack in the energy storage container, which will not affect the structural form of the battery pack, greatly reduces the fire protection cost, and can make fire protection judgments and actions in a short time.

[0033] In a more specific embodiment, the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery pack based on the energy storage container further includes an alarm device (not shown), and the alarm device is connected to the plurality of battery cluster BMS2s, the system BMS3, and the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4; the alarm device is used to give an early warning according to the alarm instructions sent by the plurality of battery cluster BMS2s, the system BMS3, and the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4.

[0034] In this embodiment, the input end of the alarm device is respectively connected to the output ends of the plurality of battery cluster BMS2s, the system BMS3, and the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4. Among them, the alarm device can be a sound alarm device, a light alarm device, or an audible and visual alarm device. The plurality of battery cluster BMS2s, the system BMS3, and the perfluoropentanone fire extinguishing device 4 can send alarm instructions to the alarm device when performing corresponding fire protection actions, so as to control the alarm device to give an early warning to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel, facilitating the operation and maintenance personnel to maintain and repair the battery pack in a timely manner.

[0035] In a more specific embodiment, the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery pack based on the energy storage container further includes a deflation indicator light (not shown), and the deflation indicator light is connected to the plurality of battery cluster BMS2s.

[0036] In this embodiment, the deflation indicator light is used to indicate that perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the battery pack with thermal runaway. When the battery cluster BMS2 detects that there is a battery pack with thermal runaway in the corresponding battery cluster, the battery cluster BMS2 controls the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing device 4 and the corresponding solenoid valve 5 to open, and controls the deflation indicator light to open, so as to indicate that the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing device 4 sprays perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent on the battery pack with thermal runaway.

[0037] In a more specific embodiment, the battery pack early fire warning and fire protection system based on the energy storage container further includes an explosion-proof ventilation device (not shown), and the explosion-proof ventilation device is connected to the plurality of battery cluster BMS2s.

[0038] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof ventilation device can increase the oxygen content of the air in the battery cluster, reduce the concentration of combustibles, prevent the accumulation of combustible gases and reach the explosion concentration, thereby reducing the probability of explosion. When the battery cluster BMS2 detects that there is a battery pack with thermal runaway in the corresponding battery cluster, it is necessary to first control the explosion-proof ventilation device to close, and then control the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing device 4 and the corresponding solenoid valve 5 to open for spraying.

[0039] In a more specific embodiment, the perfluorocyclohexanone pipeline 6 includes a perfluorocyclohexanone main pipeline 61 connected to the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing device 4, a plurality of perfluorocyclohexanone cluster pipelines 62 provided on the perfluorocyclohexanone main pipeline 61 and leading to each battery cluster respectively, and a plurality of perfluorocyclohexanone branch pipelines 63 provided on each perfluorocyclohexanone cluster pipeline 62 and leading to each battery pack respectively; the plurality of solenoid valves 5 are respectively provided on a corresponding perfluorocyclohexanone branch pipeline 63, and the plurality of battery pack nozzles are respectively connected to a corresponding perfluorocyclohexanone branch pipeline 63.

[0040] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the battery pack early fire warning and fire protection system based on the energy storage container provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the method of perfluorocyclohexanone pipeline 6 entering the package and single-package controlled spraying. Specifically, a plurality of perfluorocyclohexanone cluster pipelines 62 leading to each battery cluster are provided on the perfluorocyclohexanone main pipeline 61 connected to the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing device 4, a plurality of perfluorocyclohexanone branch pipelines 63 leading to each battery pack are provided on each perfluorocyclohexanone cluster pipeline 62, and a solenoid valve 5 and a battery pack nozzle are correspondingly provided on each perfluorocyclohexanone branch pipeline 63, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be accurately sprayed on the battery pack with thermal runaway, avoiding waste of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, Figure 2Schematic flowchart of the early fire warning and fire fighting method for a battery pack based on an energy storage container provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The early fire warning and fire fighting method for a battery pack based on an energy storage container provided by an embodiment of the present invention is applied to any embodiment of the foregoing early fire warning and fire fighting system for a battery pack based on an energy storage container, and this method includes steps S11 to S13.

[0042] S11. The battery pack BMS in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for a battery pack based on an energy storage container collects battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and uploads it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for a battery pack based on an energy storage container.

[0043] In this embodiment, a battery pack BMS is set on each battery pack to collect battery state data of its corresponding battery pack through the battery pack BMS and upload the collected battery state data to the corresponding battery cluster BMS, so that the battery cluster BMS can make a fire fighting judgment and take actions according to the received battery state data.

[0044] S12. The battery cluster BMS obtains a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and performs corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for a battery pack based on an energy storage container to open for spraying when the battery pack in the energy storage container is in thermal runaway.

[0045] In this embodiment, the battery cluster BMS receives the battery state data uploaded by the battery pack BMS on each battery pack in its corresponding battery cluster, and evaluates parameters related to the battery level for the received battery state data to obtain a battery state result. Moreover, the battery cluster BMS performs corresponding response control based on the battery state result. Among them, the battery state result is used to indicate the battery state of each battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster. When the battery cluster BMS can detect that the battery state of a battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster is in a thermal runaway state, that is, when a battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster is in thermal runaway, the battery cluster BMS controls the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device to open, and at the same time controls the solenoid valve corresponding to the thermally runaway battery pack to open, so as to spray the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing agent transported through the Novec 1230 pipeline to the thermally runaway battery pack through the corresponding battery pack nozzle. Through the method of entering the package through the Novec 1230 pipeline and controlling the spraying of a single package, the battery cluster BMS makes a fire fighting judgment and takes actions according to the received battery state data, can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack early, and can locate the fire source point, so as to accurately spray the fire extinguishing agent on the thermally runaway battery pack, thereby preventing the spread of fire, not affecting the use performance of other battery packs, and avoiding the waste of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0046] In one embodiment, refer toFigure 3 , the battery cluster BMS obtains a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, including:

[0047] S121. For the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the battery cluster corresponding to the battery cluster BMS, the battery cluster BMS receives the battery state data; wherein, the battery state data includes the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate of the corresponding battery pack;

[0048] S122. If the battery cluster BMS determines that the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data all exceed the corresponding preset safety limit values, then the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack is obtained as a thermal runaway state result;

[0049] S123. If the battery cluster BMS determines that the value of any one of the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data exceeds the corresponding preset safety limit value, then the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack is obtained as a non-safe state result;

[0050] S124. The battery cluster BMS obtains the battery state sub-results of each battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster to form the battery state result.

[0051] In this embodiment, the battery state data is a battery level-related parameter. Specifically, the battery state data includes the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate of the corresponding battery pack. For the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, after receiving the battery state data, the battery cluster BMS needs to determine the magnitude relationship between the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data and the corresponding preset safety limit values to obtain the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack. According to the magnitude relationship between the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data and the corresponding preset safety limit values, the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack can be one of a thermal runaway state result, a non-safe state result, and a normal state result.

[0052] Among them, if it is determined that the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data all exceed the corresponding preset safety limit values. For example, assume that the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data are U, T, and β respectively, and the corresponding preset safety limit values are U′, T′, and β′ respectively. When U > U′, T > T′, and β > β′, then the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack is obtained as a thermal runaway state result. The battery state sub-result is used to indicate the battery state of the battery pack, and the thermal runaway state result is used to indicate that the battery state of the battery pack is a thermal runaway state, that is, the corresponding battery pack is in thermal runaway.

[0053] If it is determined that the value of any one of the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data exceeds the corresponding preset safety limit value, that is, only one of the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate exceeds the corresponding preset safety limit value. For example, among the above parameters, U > U′, T ≤ T′, and β ≤ β′, then the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack is obtained as an unsafe state result. The unsafe state result is used to indicate that the battery state of the battery pack is in an unsafe state, that is, the safety state of the battery pack is abnormal, and the battery state data of the battery pack exceeds the safety limit.

[0054] If it is determined that the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data do not exceed the corresponding preset safety limit values, for example, among the above parameters, U ≤ U′, T ≤ T′, and β ≤ β′, then the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack is obtained as a normal state result, that is, the battery pack is in a safe state.

[0055] The battery cluster BMS obtains the battery state sub-results of each battery pack based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and forms the battery state results of each battery pack to make corresponding response controls according to the battery state results.

[0056] In one embodiment, the corresponding response control is performed based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the early fire warning and fire fighting system of the battery pack of the energy storage container to open and spray when a battery pack in the energy storage container is in thermal runaway, including:

[0057] If the battery cluster BMS determines that there is a battery state sub-result as a thermal runaway state result in the battery state result, it controls the liquid cooling system in the energy storage container to shut down and the energy storage converter to stop, sends a fire fighting instruction to the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device, and controls the solenoid valve corresponding to the thermal runaway state result to open;

[0058] If the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device receives the fire fighting instruction, it starts the spraying action when the preset delay time is reached and feeds back the spraying information to the system BMS.

[0059] In this embodiment, the battery state result includes the battery state sub-results of each battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster, and the battery state sub-result is one of the thermal runaway state result, non-safe state result, and normal state result. Specifically, the energy storage container further includes a liquid cooling system and a power conversion system (PCS). The liquid cooling system is used to cool the battery packs. The power conversion system (PCS) can control the charging and discharging processes of the storage batteries, perform AC-DC conversion, and directly supply power to AC loads in the absence of a power grid. If the battery cluster BMS determines that there is a battery state sub-result of thermal runaway state in the battery state result, it indicates that a battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster is in thermal runaway. Then, it controls the liquid cooling system in the energy storage container to shut down. If there is an explosion-proof ventilation device set in the early fire warning and fire protection system of the battery packs in the energy storage container, it is also necessary to control the explosion-proof ventilation device to shut down at this time, and control the power conversion system to stop operating, send a fire protection instruction to the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device, and control the solenoid valve corresponding to the thermal runaway state result to open, that is, control the solenoid valve corresponding to the thermally runaway battery pack to open. Then, when the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device receives the fire protection instruction sent by the battery cluster BMS, it starts the spraying action when the preset delay duration is reached. Among them, the preset delay duration is 0 to 30 s to reserve a reaction time for the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device. Preferably, the preset delay duration is 30 s. The perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device includes a perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing storage bottle group and a control valve. When the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device receives the fire protection instruction, it starts the control valve to open and the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing storage bottle group to open after a 30-s delay, so as to spray the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing agent on the thermally runaway battery pack through the corresponding battery pack nozzles. At the same time, the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device will feedback the spraying information to the system BMS to indicate whether the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device sprays the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing agent.

[0060] In one embodiment, when performing corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the early fire warning and fire protection system of the battery packs in the energy storage container to open for spraying when a battery pack in the energy storage container is in thermal runaway, it further includes:

[0061] If the battery cluster BMS determines that there is a battery state sub-result of non-safe state in the battery state result, it outputs a passive switch quantity signal to the switch box in the energy storage container, controls the power conversion system to stop operating, and successively disconnects the main circuit breaker, each cluster circuit breaker, and contactor in the energy storage container according to a preset delay control strategy.

[0062] In this embodiment, if the battery cluster BMS determines that there is a sub-result of the battery state in the battery state result as a non-safe state result, that is, when it detects that no battery pack in the corresponding battery cluster reaches thermal runaway, but the safety state of a battery pack is abnormal, the battery cluster BMS outputs a passive switching quantity signal to the switch box in the energy storage container, controls the energy storage converter to shut down, and disconnects the main circuit breaker, each cluster circuit breaker, and the contactor in the energy storage container successively according to the delay control strategy. Among them, the main circuit breaker refers to the main switch of the busbar cabinet in the energy storage container, each cluster circuit breaker refers to the main switch in the high-voltage box corresponding to each battery cluster in the energy storage container, and the contactor refers to the total positive and total negative contactor of the high-voltage box in the energy storage container. The delay control strategy includes a first delay duration, a second delay duration, and a third delay duration. After the battery cluster BMS controls the energy storage converter to shut down, it disconnects the main circuit breaker, each cluster circuit breaker, and the contactor in the energy storage container when reaching the first delay duration, the second delay duration, and the third delay duration respectively. For example, the first delay duration, the second delay duration, and the third delay duration are 3s, 4s, and 4.5s respectively. After the battery cluster BMS controls the energy storage converter to shut down, it disconnects the main circuit breaker in the energy storage container after a delay of 3s, disconnects each cluster circuit breaker in the energy storage container after a delay of 4s, and disconnects the contactor in the energy storage container after a delay of 4.5s to better protect the battery pack.

[0063] S13. The system BMS in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on the energy storage container displays and records the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information feedback by the perfluoroketone fire extinguishing device.

[0064] In this embodiment, the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS to the system BMS includes the battery state data received by each battery cluster BMS, the obtained battery state result, and the response information of the corresponding response control, so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to view, facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to conduct on-site troubleshooting, and the operation and maintenance personnel reset the energy storage converter after troubleshooting.

[0065] In one embodiment, after step S13, it further includes:

[0066] The system BMS sends the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information feedback by the perfluoroketone fire extinguishing device to the station-level fire host communicatively connected to the system BMS.

[0067] In this embodiment, the system BMS can also communicate with the station-level fire control host, and the station-level fire control host can be used to remotely operate the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery packs based on the energy storage container. The system BMS uploads the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information feedback by the perfluoroketone fire extinguishing device to the station-level fire control host. When the station-level fire control host detects that a battery pack is thermally out of control based on the received information but the corresponding battery cluster BMS fails to make a corresponding response control, the station-level fire control host can issue an instruction to the system BMS to remotely control the early fire warning and fire protection system for the battery packs based on the energy storage container to perform fire protection actions on the corresponding thermally out-of-control battery pack (i.e., the fire point).

[0068] The early fire warning and fire protection method for battery packs based on an energy storage container provided by an embodiment of the present invention is applicable to any embodiment of the early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on an energy storage container described above. By monitoring the battery state of the corresponding battery pack through the battery pack BMS, it is possible to detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack at an early stage and locate the fire source point, so as to accurately spray the fire extinguishing agent on the thermally out-of-control battery pack, thereby preventing the spread of fire, not affecting the performance of other battery packs, and avoiding waste of the fire extinguishing agent. There is no need to pre-install a composite fire detector in the battery pack of the energy storage container, which will not affect the structural form of the battery pack, greatly reducing the fire protection cost and enabling fire protection judgment and actions to be made in a relatively short time.

[0069] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on an energy storage container, characterized in that, Applied to an energy storage container, the energy storage container includes a number of battery clusters, and each battery cluster includes a number of battery packs; the early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on the energy storage container includes: a number of battery pack BMSs, a number of battery cluster BMSs, a system BMS, a perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device, a number of solenoid valves, and a number of battery pack nozzles; For each of the number of battery clusters, a corresponding battery pack BMS is provided on each battery pack in the battery cluster. The battery pack BMSs on all battery packs in the battery cluster are communicatively connected to a corresponding battery cluster BMS. The battery cluster BMS is communicatively connected to the system BMS and the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device. The perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device is further connected to the battery pack nozzles provided on each battery pack in the battery cluster through perfluoromethylhexanone pipelines. And a corresponding solenoid valve is provided on the perfluoromethylhexanone pipeline connecting the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device and the battery pack nozzle. The solenoid valve is communicatively connected to the battery cluster BMS; the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device is communicatively connected to the system BMS; Wherein, the battery pack BMS is used to collect the battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and upload it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS; the battery cluster BMS is used to obtain the battery state result according to the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS in the corresponding battery cluster, and perform corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve to open and spray when the battery pack is in thermal runaway; the system BMS is used to display and record the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information feedback by the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device.

2. The early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes an alarm device, and the alarm device is connected to the number of battery cluster BMSs, the system BMS, and the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device; the alarm device is used to give an early warning according to the alarm instructions sent by the number of battery cluster BMSs, the system BMS, and the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device.

3. The early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a deflation indicator light, and the deflation indicator light is connected to the number of battery cluster BMSs.

4. The early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 1, wherein It further includes an explosion-proof ventilation device, and the explosion-proof ventilation device is connected to the number of battery cluster BMSs.

5. The early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perfluoromethylhexanone pipeline includes a perfluoromethylhexanone main pipeline connected to the perfluoromethylhexanone fire extinguishing device, a number of perfluoromethylhexanone cluster pipelines provided on the perfluoromethylhexanone main pipeline and leading to each battery cluster respectively, and a number of perfluoromethylhexanone branch pipelines provided on each perfluoromethylhexanone cluster pipeline and leading to each battery pack respectively; the number of solenoid valves are respectively provided on a corresponding perfluoromethylhexanone branch pipeline, and the number of battery pack nozzles are respectively connected to a corresponding perfluoromethylhexanone branch pipeline.

6. A method for early fire warning and fire fighting of a battery pack based on an energy storage container, which is applied to the early fire warning and fire fighting system of a battery pack based on an energy storage container as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method includes: The battery pack BMS in the early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on the energy storage container collects the battery state data of the corresponding battery pack and uploads it to the corresponding battery cluster BMS in the early fire warning and fire protection system for battery packs based on the energy storage container; The battery cluster BMS obtains a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS within the corresponding battery cluster, and performs corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container to open for spraying when a battery pack in the energy storage container undergoes thermal runaway; The system BMS in the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container displays and records the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information fed back by the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device.

7. The method for early fire warning and fire fighting of a battery pack based on an energy storage container according to claim 6, wherein The battery cluster BMS obtains a battery state result based on the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS within the corresponding battery cluster, including: For the battery state data uploaded by each battery pack BMS within the battery cluster corresponding to the battery cluster BMS, the battery cluster BMS receives the battery state data; wherein, the battery state data includes the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate of the corresponding battery pack. If the battery cluster BMS determines that the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data all exceed the corresponding preset safety limit values, it obtains the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack as a thermal runaway state result. If the battery cluster BMS determines that the value of any one of the voltage, temperature, and temperature rise rate in the battery state data exceeds the corresponding preset safety limit value, it obtains the battery state sub-result of the corresponding battery pack as a non-safe state result. The battery cluster BMS obtains the battery state sub-results of each battery pack within the corresponding battery cluster to form the battery state result.

8. The early fire warning and fire fighting method for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container to open for spraying when a battery pack in the energy storage container undergoes thermal runaway includes: If the battery cluster BMS determines that there is a battery state sub-result of thermal runaway state in the battery state result, it controls the liquid cooling system in the energy storage container to shut down and the energy storage converter to stop operating, sends a fire fighting instruction to the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device, and controls the solenoid valve corresponding to the thermal runaway state result to open. If the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device receives the fire fighting instruction, it starts the spraying action when the preset delay duration is reached and feeds back the spraying information to the system BMS.

9. The early fire warning and fire fighting method for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 8, wherein In the corresponding response control based on the battery state result to control the Novec 1230 fire extinguishing device and the corresponding solenoid valve in the battery pack early fire warning and fire fighting system based on the energy storage container to open for spraying when a battery pack in the energy storage container undergoes thermal runaway, it further includes: If the battery cluster BMS determines that there is a battery state sub-result of non-safe state in the battery state result, it outputs a passive switch quantity signal to the switch box in the energy storage container, controls the energy storage converter to stop operating, and sequentially disconnects the main circuit breaker, each cluster circuit breaker, and the contactor in the energy storage container according to a preset delay control strategy.

10. The early fire warning and fire fighting method for battery packs based on energy storage containers according to claim 6, wherein After the step that the system BMS in the early fire warning and fire fighting system for battery packs based on energy storage containers displays and records the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information fed back by the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing device, the following steps are further included: The system BMS sends the information uploaded by each battery cluster BMS and the spraying information fed back by the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing device to the station-level fire fighting host communicating with the system BMS.

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