System and method for measuring eye axis length

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical detection equipment, in particular to a system and method for measuring the length of an ocular axis, the system comprises a probe main body structure, an ultrasonic signal receiving and transmitting module, an electromagnetic driving module, a sliding rail structure and a controller, and the probe main body structure is formed by combining a transducer and a magnetic column; the probe main body structure is arranged in the slide rail structure in a sliding manner; the electromagnetic driving module is arranged on the sliding rail structure and is matched with the magnetic column; the ultrasonic signal transceiving module is in communication connection with the transducer; according to the invention, through modular design and an innovative ejection probe structure, in combination with high-precision ultrasonic signal processing, rapid and accurate measurement of the length of the ocular axis is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical detection equipment, and specifically to a system and method for measuring axial length of an eye. Background Art

[0002] Myopia is a widespread vision problem worldwide, with its incidence increasing annually, particularly among adolescents. Measuring the axial length of the eye can effectively determine whether myopia is present or developing, providing a scientific basis for vision control. Axial length refers to the axial distance from the cornea to the retina, and its increase is directly correlated with the progression of myopia.

[0003] Traditional axial length measurement technology mainly relies on the following two methods:

[0004] Optical methods use optical measuring instruments to measure axial length based on the principle of optical reflection. However, this method requires a complex optical system, high requirements on the size and precision of the equipment, and is expensive. Furthermore, the accuracy of optical measurement is easily affected by eye movement and surface interference. The subject must remain still during operation, which greatly restricts the operating environment. Furthermore, it is difficult to perform measurements through the lens of a cataract patient.

[0005] Ultrasonic measurement uses the propagation and reflection characteristics of ultrasound waves in ocular tissue to calculate the axial length of the eye. Compared with optical methods, ultrasonic measurement has the advantages of strong penetration, being less susceptible to interference from the surface of the eyeball, and being able to penetrate the lens of cataract patients for measurement. However, existing ultrasonic axial length measurement equipment generally has the following problems: anesthesia is required, and children generally do not cooperate with the measurement; the system is complex and inconvenient to operate. Traditional ultrasonic measurement systems are large in size and are not designed with portability in mind, making it difficult to meet the growing needs of multiple scenarios, such as home health monitoring and convenient medical testing; parts are difficult to replace, and parts that come into contact with the eyeball are usually fixed structures that cannot be quickly replaced, increasing the risk of cross-infection, especially in medical environments that are not conducive to multiple people using them; accuracy and safety are insufficient, and existing equipment has poor control over the force of contact between the probe and the eyeball, which may cause discomfort or even damage to the eyeball.

[0006] At the same time, in pursuit of high-precision measurement, the equipment requires a complex signal processing system, which increases the cost of use and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a system and method for measuring axial length of the eye.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a system for measuring the axial length of the eye, comprising a probe body structure, an ultrasonic signal transceiver module, an electromagnetic drive module, a slide rail structure and a controller,

[0009] The probe body structure is composed of a combination of a transducer and a magnetic column;

[0010] The probe body structure is slidably arranged in the slide rail structure;

[0011] The electromagnetic drive module is arranged on the slide rail structure and cooperates with the magnetic column;

[0012] The ultrasonic signal transceiver module is communicatively connected to the transducer;

[0013] The controller is used to communicatively connect the electromagnetic drive module and the ultrasonic signal transceiver module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the slide rail structure includes a slide rail sleeve, and the slide rail sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the magnetic column.

[0015] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive module includes a control circuit module, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil. The transmitting coil is installed at one end of the slide rail sleeve close to the transducer, the receiving coil is installed at the end of the slide rail sleeve far from the transducer, the wiring ends of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are respectively connected to the control circuit module, and the control circuit module is connected to the controller.

[0016] In some embodiments, the probe body structure further includes a disposable probe head and a connection structure, and the disposable probe head is connected to the end of the transducer away from the magnetic column through the connection structure.

[0017] In some embodiments, the connection between the disposable probe head and the connection structure is detachable.

[0018] In some embodiments, the system further includes a support frame, a support body, an operation panel, a housing, and a grip. The probe body structure, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, the electromagnetic drive module, the slide rail structure, and the controller are arranged inside the housing. The support body is slidably arranged on the housing. One end of the support frame is connected to the support body, and the other end is horizontally arranged in the same direction as the outward sliding direction of the transducer. The operation panel is arranged outside the housing, and the operation panel is communicatively connected to the controller. The grip is arranged on the housing.

[0019] In some embodiments, the horizontally adjustable length from the outermost end of the support frame to the end face of the probe body structure touching the eyeball is 1 - 30 mm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the horizontally adjustable length from the outermost end of the support frame to the end face of the probe body structure touching the eyeball is preferably 5 - 20 mm.

[0021] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: A method for measuring the axial length of the eye. According to the system for measuring the axial length of the eye, the measurement method is as follows:

[0022] (1) Keep the distance between the eyeball and the probe body structure within a preset detection range;

[0023] (2) Activate the transmitting coil through the control circuit module by operating the panel, and control the outward emission of the magnetic column through the transmitting magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, driving the probe body structure to move outward;

[0024] (3) At the same time, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive the first echo;

[0025] (4) When the probe body structure contacts the eyeball, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive the second echo;

[0026] (5) The controller receives the first echo and the second echo signals received by the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, and outputs the measured axial length of the eye based on preset parameters;

[0027] (6) When the measurement is completed, activate the recovery coil through the controller for the control circuit module, disconnect the transmitting coil, and control the inward recovery of the magnetic column through the recovery magnetic field generated by the recovery coil, driving the probe body structure to move inward for recovery.

[0028] In some of these embodiments, the acquisition and processing method of the ultrasonic signal is as follows:

[0029] Collect the time-domain waveform of the reflected signal through the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, including the transmission time point and the reception time point;

[0030] Extract the main characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic signal, including the peak time points of transmission and reception, and the peak intensity of the signal amplitude;

[0031] Calculate the propagation time difference t of the ultrasonic wave in the eyeball medium according to the transmission time point and the reception time point;

[0032] Calculate the axial length of the eye through the ultrasonic wave propagation speed C and the time difference t, and its calculation formula is:

[0033]

[0034] Where: L is the axial length of the eye, and C is the speed of sound.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] 1. Portability and ease of operation: Instantaneous contact, no need for anesthesia; The device without an anesthesia device is compact, easy to carry and use, suitable for medical institutions and home health monitoring scenarios, especially suitable for measuring children.

[0037] 2. Modularity and safety: The probe in the solution is designed as a replaceable structure to ensure safety and hygiene during use and reduce the risk of cross-infection.

[0038] 3. High precision and rapid measurement: By using ultrasonic waves, the measurement can be completed when the probe contacts the eyeball, achieving an axial length measurement with sub-millimeter precision and completing the detection within 1 second.

[0039] 4. Adapt to different scenarios: The device can be used for professional medical diagnosis and is also suitable for vision screening and vision trend monitoring of teenagers, meeting diverse needs.

[0040] The proposal of the present invention will effectively make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology, provide a more efficient, convenient and reliable solution for axial length measurement, and provide solid technical support for myopia prevention and control and diagnosis.

[0041] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are presented in the following drawings and description to make other features, purposes and advantages of this application more concise and understandable, and this application will be elaborated and understood through the embodiments of this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is the system structure diagram in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is the system structure diagram in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is the exploded view of the system structure in the embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 It is the external structure diagram of the system in the embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 It is the view from the operator's perspective of the system in the embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 It is the block diagram of the connection structure of the probe main body structure in the embodiment;

[0048] Figure 7 It is the system control diagram in the embodiment;

[0049] Figure 8 It is the system test flow chart in the embodiment;

[0050] Figure 9 It is the system signal flow process diagram in the embodiment;

[0051] In the figure: 10, probe main body structure; 20, controller; 30, ultrasonic signal transceiver module;

[0052] 101. Disposable probe head; 102. Connection structure; 103. Transducer; 104. Transmitting coil; 105. Slide rail structure; 106. Recovery coil; 107. Magnetic column;

[0053] 201. Support frame; 202. Support body; 203. Control panel; 204. Outer shell; 205. Grip;

[0054] 301. Vitreous body; 302. Lens; 303. Cornea. Detailed implementation mode

[0055] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] Embodiment 1

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a system for measuring the axial length of the eye, including a probe main body structure, an ultrasonic signal transceiver module, an electromagnetic drive module, a slide rail structure and a controller.

[0058] The probe main body structure is composed of a transducer and a magnetic column, and the two are precisely connected by a permanent fixing member. To avoid damaging the cornea, the detection end of the transducer is designed in a spherical shape.

[0059] The probe main body structure is slidably arranged in the slide rail structure. The probe main body structure is always in the slide rail structure, and the probe can move back and forth inside the slide rail.

[0060] The electromagnetic drive module is arranged on the slide rail structure and cooperates with the magnetic column to control the forward and backward movement of the magnetic column in the slide rail.

[0061] The ultrasonic signal transceiver module is communicatively connected to the transducer to control the transducer to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals.

[0062] The controller is communicatively connected to the electromagnetic drive module and the ultrasonic signal transceiver module to control the operation of the system.

[0063] The slide rail structure includes a slide rail sleeve, and the slide rail sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the magnetic column.

[0064] The electromagnetic drive module includes a control circuit module, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil. The transmitting coil is installed at one end of the slide rail sleeve close to the transducer, and the receiving coil is installed at the other end of the slide rail sleeve far from the transducer. The wiring terminals of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are respectively connected to the control circuit module, and the control circuit module is connected to the controller, which is used to control the transmitting coil and the receiving coil to generate a magnetic field to drive the emission or attraction of the recovery probe structure.

[0065] The test method for Embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0066] The first step: The magnetic column is emitted outward by the emission magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, driving the probe main body structure to move outward.

[0067] The second step: The ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive echoes. By analyzing the waveform, at this time, it has not yet contacted the eyeball, and the waveform is a regular echo.

[0068] The third step: The probe collides with the eyeball. The ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive echoes. By analyzing the waveform, ultrasonic echoes are present at different positions within the eyeball. The echoes from the cornea and the retina are the largest and most obvious. Based on the existing experimental data, the length is calculated, and thus, the axial length of the eye is measured.

[0069] The fourth step: The receiving coil generates a receiving magnetic field to attract the magnetic column, driving the probe main body structure to retract.

[0070] During the test, the system drives the magnetic column of the probe main body to be emitted forward through the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, driving the transducer to contact the cornea. At the same time, the transducer emits ultrasonic signals. After the measurement is completed, the receiving coil generates a magnetic field to attract the magnetic column to return, realizing the recovery of the probe (during the test, the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil drives the magnetic column to be emitted, and the probe follows the magnetic column to be emitted, touching the cornea within a very short time, generally this time is 1 - 100 ms, ensuring within the blinking cycle, and then the receiving coil generates a magnetic field to make the magnetic column return). At the same time, the transducer is connected to the magnetic column through a fixing member to ensure synchronous movement during emission and recovery. Throughout the process, the magnetic column and the transducer are always moving within the slide rail, and the transmitting coil and the receiving coil outside the slide rail provide a stable magnetic field drive, ensuring the integrity of the device and the coherence of the operation. This design realizes the rapid and safe ejection and recovery of the probe, while ensuring the precise emission and effective measurement of ultrasonic signals.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] On the basis of Embodiment 1, to avoid contact infection, as Figure 2 shown, the probe main body structure further includes a disposable probe head and a connection structure. The disposable probe head is connected to the end of the transducer far from the magnetic column through the connection structure.

[0073] The disposable probe head is detachably connected to the connection structure, including but not limited to snap connection by a card slot, bolt connection, etc.;

[0074] The body of the disposable probe head is columnar and the head is spherical to ensure no damage to the cornea. The material of the disposable probe head has the functions of sound conduction, buffering and protecting the cornea of the eye, and is generally composed of hydrophilic flexible and dense resin materials;

[0075] During use, aseptic treatment is adopted: the disposable probe head is individually packaged, designed for single use, meets the standards, and a new probe head is replaced before measuring a new subject.

[0076] The test method for Embodiment 2 is as follows:

[0077] The first step: The magnetic column emits outward through the emission magnetic field generated by the emission coil, driving the probe main structure outward;

[0078] The second step: The ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive echoes. By analyzing the waveform, at this time, the eye has not been contacted yet, and the waveform is a regular echo;

[0079] The third step: The probe collides with the eye. The ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive echoes. By analyzing the waveform, ultrasonic echoes exist at different positions in the eye, and the echoes of the cornea and retina are the largest and most obvious. According to the existing experimental data, the length is calculated, and based on this, the axial length of the eye is measured;

[0080] The fourth step: The recovery coil generates a recovery magnetic field to attract the magnetic column to drive the probe main structure to retract.

[0081] During the test, the system generates a magnetic field through the emission coil to drive the magnetic column of the probe main body to emit forward, driving the disposable probe head to contact the cornea, and at the same time, the transducer emits ultrasonic signals. After the measurement is completed, the recovery coil generates a magnetic field to attract the magnetic column to return, realizing the recovery of the probe (during the test, the magnetic field generated by the emission coil drives the magnetic column to emit, and the probe follows the magnetic column to emit, touching the cornea within a very short time, generally this time is 1 - 100 ms, ensuring within the blink cycle, and then the recovery coil generates a magnetic field to make the magnetic column return). At the same time, the disposable probe head is connected to the transducer through a connectable structure, and the transducer is connected to the magnetic column through a permanent fixing part to ensure synchronous movement during emission and recovery. Throughout the process, the magnetic column and the transducer are always moving within the slide rail, and the emission coil and the recovery coil outside the slide rail provide a stable magnetic field drive to ensure the integrity of the device and the coherence of the operation. This design realizes the fast and safe ejection and recovery of the probe, and at the same time ensures the accurate emission of ultrasonic signals and effective measurement.

[0082] Embodiment 3

[0083] Based on Embodiment 1 or 2, to improve the usage effect of the system equipment, such as Figures 3 - 5 As shown, the system further includes a support frame, a support body, an operation panel, a housing, and a grip. The probe main body structure, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, the electromagnetic drive module, the slide rail structure, and the controller are arranged inside the housing. The support body is slidably arranged on the housing. One end of the support frame is connected to the support body, and the other end is horizontally arranged in the same direction as the outward sliding direction of the transducer. The operation panel is arranged outside the housing, and the operation panel is communicatively connected to the controller. The grip is arranged on the housing.

[0084] The support body and the housing are arranged in the form of an adjustable and limited horizontal track to ensure the length adjustment of the support frame;

[0085] The horizontally adjustable length from the outermost end of the support frame to the end face of the probe main body structure touching the eyeball is 1 - 30 mm.

[0086] The horizontally adjustable length from the outermost end of the support frame to the end face of the probe main body structure touching the eyeball is preferably 5 - 20 mm.

[0087] Based on Embodiment 3 generated from Embodiment 2, to improve the measurement accuracy, a pan-tilt module can be designed inside the housing. When the disposable probe head is replaced, the pan-tilt module starts the probe position calibration program to ensure that the probe emission path is aligned with the corneal center and perpendicular to the surface.

[0088] In practical applications, the various modules of this system are as follows:

[0089] 1. Transducer

[0090] Structure: A piezoelectric ceramic structure transducer that can be integrated with the probe main body structure. A typical structure is a columnar structure.

[0091] Material: A piezoelectric material with a high electromechanical coupling coefficient and stability.

[0092] Transducer signal transceiver: Each signal of the transducer is connected to the ultrasonic signal transceiver module through a wire. The ultrasonic signal transceiver module can drive the transducer to generate measurement signals, and can receive and process ultrasonic echo signals, and perform length measurement.

[0093] It should be noted that after the transducer is powered on, it will continuously emit ultrasonic signals, most of which are emission signals to the air. Only when the probe contacts the cornea, the signals emitted during this period propagate through the eye and return, which are the effective signals to be captured during the measurement.

[0094] During the test, the front of the transducer is connected to the disposable probe head through a connectable structure, and the rear is connected to the magnetic column through a permanent fixing member, and moves with the magnetic column.

[0095] After the probe starts to emit, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the piezoelectric transducer to emit sound waves and receive echoes, and measures the axial length of the eye by analyzing the waveform.

[0096] 2. Probe main body structure:

[0097] (1) The probe main body structure is a magnetic column made of metal carbon steel material with soft magnetic or permanent magnetic properties, which can be launched forward or retrieved under the drive of a magnetic field.

[0098] (2) The launch speed is generally limited to a speed that does not damage the cornea.

[0099] (3) Generally, the weight is relatively light.

[0100] During testing, since the magnetic column of the probe main body structure has magnetism, it can be launched by the magnetic field generated by the energized launch coil. Similarly, it can also be attracted and retrieved by the energized retrieval coil.

[0101] 3. Electromagnetic drive module

[0102] The electromagnetic drive module realizes safe and reliable test loading and transfer by precisely controlling the probe ejection process.

[0103] 3.1 Coil design

[0104] Dimensions and parameters: It contains two electric drive coils, one is the launch coil and the other is the retrieval coil. A typical coil adopts a circular structure, and the ejection magnetic force is controlled within the range that does not damage the cornea.

[0105] During testing, the control module first applies a voltage to the launch coil. Under the action of the voltage, the launch coil generates a magnetic field, driving the magnetic column to launch forward, and then driving the entire ejection probe module to impact the eyeball. After the ejection probe module finishes impacting the eyeball, the control module applies a voltage to the retrieval coil. Under the action of the voltage, the retrieval coil generates a magnetic field, attracting the magnetic column to retract backward, and then driving the entire ejection probe module to retract.

[0106] 3.2 Slide rail and magnetic column

[0107] Slide rail: It is manufactured with a hollow structure. A typical precision linear slide rail can be a round tube to ensure the linearity of the probe movement.

[0108] During testing, whether it is launching or retrieving, ensure that the transducer and the magnetic column are both inside the slide rail, and at the same time, the launch coil and the retrieval coil are both wound outside the slide rail to ensure the integrity and coherence of the device.

[0109] 4. Safety and hygiene design

[0110] In actual use, the system can also be designed with a safety system that reads the ultrasonic echo data, judges the validity of the data and the reachable range of the probe, and automatically activates the recovery coil to recover the main structure of the probe when the range is exceeded, avoiding eye injuries caused by misoperation;

[0111] Hygiene: The probe head is designed as a disposable replaceable component to avoid the risk of cross-infection, and is especially suitable for the multi-person use scenario in a medical environment. The overall material of the device has been treated with antibacterial agents and is easy to clean and disinfect.

[0112] Embodiment 4

[0113] A method for measuring the axial length of the eye. According to the system for measuring the axial length of the eye, the measurement method is as follows:

[0114] (1) Keep the distance between the eyeball and the main structure of the probe within a preset detection range;

[0115] (2) Activate the transmitting coil through the operation panel to activate the control circuit module, and control the magnetic column to emit outward through the transmitting magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, driving the main structure of the probe to move outward;

[0116] (3) At the same time, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive Echo 1;

[0117] (4) When the main structure of the probe contacts the eyeball, the control circuit module activates the recovery coil and disconnects the transmitting coil, and controls the magnetic column to recover inward through the recovery magnetic field generated by the recovery coil, driving the main structure of the probe to move inward for recovery;

[0118] (5) At the same time, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive Echo 2;

[0119] (6) The controller receives the Echo 1 and Echo 2 signals received by the ultrasonic signal transceiver module and outputs the measured axial length of the eye based on preset parameters.

[0120] The acquisition and processing method of the ultrasonic signal is as follows:

[0121] Collect the time-domain waveform of the reflected signal through the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, including the transmission time point and the reception time point;

[0122] Extract the main characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic signal, including the peak time points of transmission and reception, and the peak intensity of the signal amplitude;

[0123] Calculate the propagation time difference t of the ultrasonic wave in the eyeball medium according to the transmission time point and the reception time point;

[0124] Calculate the axial length of the eye through the ultrasonic wave propagation speed C and the time difference t. The calculation formula is:

[0125]

[0126] Where: L is the axial length of the eye, and C is the speed of sound.

[0127] Through this technical solution, the following is the detailed test process for the axial length measurement system of the eye, covering test preparation, operation steps, signal acquisition and processing, result analysis, and possible improvement feedback links:

[0128] 1. Test Preparation

[0129] 1.1 Equipment Inspection

[0130] Hardware inspection: Check whether the probe head is firmly installed without looseness or deviation; confirm that the receiving array of the piezoelectric signal receiving module is not damaged and the shielding layer is intact; detect whether the circuit connection of the electromagnetic drive module is normal and whether the slide rail is lubricated smoothly.

[0131] 1.2 Equipment Initialization

[0132] Turn on the device power supply and run the self-check program; the probe head automatically returns to zero, check the ejection force and position calibration; the signal receiving module performs background noise calibration; check whether the connection between the support frame and the device support body is stable, check whether the main body shell of the axial length measurement structure of the eye is safe and undamaged, check whether the display screen and control panel are normal, and preset the working parameters (such as ejection force, signal sampling frequency, etc.).

[0133] 1.3 Preparation of the Object to be Measured

[0134] Instruct the patient to look straight ahead, fix the head on the support frame, adjust the device support body to a suitable position, clean the eyes and confirm that there are no infection or irritating factors; select a suitable probe head according to the patient's eye characteristics (such as children, sensitive eyes), and check the sterile packaging of the disposable probe head.

[0135] 1.4 System Configuration

[0136] Enter the patient information on the control panel of the device for archiving; according to the test requirements, set the parameters: ultrasonic frequency, sampling frequency, probe force mode, etc.

[0137] 2. Test Operation

[0138] 2.1 Probe Head Positioning

[0139] Optionally, manually or automatically start the probe and adjust it in the initial stage, adjust the probe head to a position parallel to the curvature of the eye lens to ensure that the ultrasonic signal is vertically incident; adjust the distance between the probe and the eye ball, and confirm that the distance from the corneal surface is kept within 5 - 20 mm.

[0140] 2.2 Ejection Probe Trigger

[0141] The operator tightly holds the handle to keep the device stable, presses the start button, the electromagnetic drive module is powered on, the disposable probe head touches the cornea gently with a preset force, and then bounces back instantaneously.

[0142] 2.3 Ultrasonic emission and signal acquisition

[0143] The probe head emits ultrasonic signals, captures the reflected signals outside the lateral side of the cornea and the signals that penetrate the eye medium and are reflected from the posterior wall of the retina. The eye axis length can be calculated based on the time corresponding to these two signals.

[0144] Furthermore, by capturing more reflected signals, more information such as the lens thickness can be measured.

[0145] The receiving module captures the reflected signals and converts them into digital signals in real time, and records the time difference t.

[0146] 2.4 Real-time display and monitoring

[0147] During the test process, the device display screen synchronously displays the probe contact time, the reflected signal intensity, and the ultrasonic propagation time difference t parameters:

[0148] If the signal is abnormal (such as the reflected wave being too weak), the device immediately pauses the test and alarms. At this time, it can be selected through the control panel whether to save the measured data and re-measure.

[0149] 3. Signal processing

[0150] 3.1 Original signal acquisition

[0151] Acquire the time-domain waveform of the reflected signal (including the emission time point and the reception time point), and store it in digital form. Filter the original signal.

[0152] 3.2 Feature extraction

[0153] Extract the main characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic signal, including the peak time points of emission and reception, and the peak intensity of the signal amplitude.

[0154] 3.3 Time difference calculation

[0155] According to the emission time and the reception time, calculate the propagation time difference of the ultrasonic wave in the eye medium. It should be noted that since the ultrasonic wave is always in the state of transmission and reception, there will always be echoes. The ultrasonic signal will pass through the cornea, lens, and vitreous body in sequence. In this embodiment, the main focus is on the echo signals of the sound wave in the cornea and the eye, that is, the signal will have more regular echoes, and the typical calculation is the difference between the two echo signals of the effective signal

[0156]

[0157] Where: t is the time difference, t_receive is the corneal anterior surface reflection time, and t_transmit is the retinal waveform reflection time;

[0158] 3.4 Axial length calculation

[0159] The formula for calculating the axial length using the propagation speed C and the time difference t

[0160]

[0161] Where: L is the axial length and c is the speed of sound.

[0162] 4. Post-test processing

[0163] 4.1 Data storage and display

[0164] The measurement results are stored in the device memory, associated with the patient file, and at the same time, information such as the axial lengths of the left and right eyes, the measurement error range, and the confidence interval are output on the display screen of the control panel.

[0165] 4.2 Repeated testing

[0166] Each eye is independently measured 3 times as required, and the average value is calculated as the final result. If the data deviation is too large (such as exceeding 0.05 mm), the repeated testing is automatically triggered.

[0167] 4.3 Device cleaning and replacement

[0168] After each person's test is completed, the probe needs to be taken out and a new disposable probe 101 is replaced. Clean the outer shell and the support structure, and wipe the contact surface with a sterile cloth.

[0169] 5. Analysis of test results

[0170] 5.1 Error analysis

[0171] The measurement results are compared with the standard axial length model, and the relative error is calculated. If the error exceeds the preset threshold (set according to experience), the user is prompted to check.

[0172] 5.2 Trend analysis

[0173] Generate a trend chart of the patient's axial length change through the data management system to predict the possibility of myopia development.

[0174] Through the technical solution of the present application, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages:

[0175] 1. Non - anesthetic, non - invasive, and high safety: The present invention combines an ejection probe module made of a flexible hydrophilic material with a force sensor for real - time monitoring, ensuring that the pressure of the probe contacting the eye surface is always within a safe range, without causing discomfort or injury, and can be measured without anesthesia, greatly improving the patient experience. The device adopts a precisely controlled ejection trajectory and a multi - layer protection mechanism (such as limit protection, real - time monitoring of ultrasonic power, and protection against accidental operations), which is especially suitable for sensitive populations such as children, providing a safe and reliable solution for non - invasive eye axis measurement.

[0176] 2. Especially suitable for children, comfortable and non - invasive process: The design of this device fully considers the special needs of sensitive groups such as children. The ejection probe is made of a flexible hydrophilic material, which is gentle and safe when contacting the eye. The ultrasonic transducer has piezoelectric properties and can sense the impact force to ensure that the applied pressure is always within a safe range, avoiding any discomfort or injury. Anesthesia is not required during the measurement process, and the operation is non - invasive, minimizing the resistance of children to the greatest extent. The ejection trajectory of the device is precisely controlled, and the measurement is fast and stable. The whole process can be completed in less than 1 second, which is especially suitable for groups with low cooperation such as children, providing an efficient and safe solution for measuring the eye axis length of children.

[0177] 3. Suitable for primary medical institutions, wide versatility and practicality: The device adopts a modular and compact design, with an extremely light overall weight, high portability and durability, which is especially suitable for primary medical institutions such as township hospitals and community clinics. Its operation process is simple, and the measurement can be completed without a professional ophthalmologist, significantly reducing the usage threshold and meeting the operation needs of primary medical staff. The device also supports high - frequency measurement and fast data processing, can efficiently meet the large - scale screening needs of primary medical institutions, provide accurate eye axis data, and provide strong support for the early prevention and diagnosis of myopia.

[0178] The above embodiments only represent several implementation modes of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

[0179] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for axial length measurement of the eye, characterized in that: It includes a probe body structure, an ultrasonic signal transceiver module, an electromagnetic drive module, a slide rail structure and a controller. The probe body structure is composed of a combination of a transducer and a magnetic column. The probe body structure is slidably arranged in the slide rail structure. The electromagnetic drive module is arranged on the slide rail structure and cooperates with the magnetic column. The ultrasonic signal transceiver module is communicatively connected to the transducer. The controller is used to communicatively connect the electromagnetic drive module and the ultrasonic signal transceiver module.

2. The system for axial length measurement according to claim 1, wherein: The slide rail structure includes a slide rail sleeve, and the slide rail sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the magnetic column.

3. The system for axial length measurement according to claim 2, wherein: The electromagnetic drive module includes a control circuit module, a transmitting coil and a receiving coil. The transmitting coil is installed at one end of the slide rail sleeve close to the transducer, and the receiving coil is installed at the end of the slide rail sleeve far from the transducer. The wiring terminals of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are respectively connected to the control circuit module, and the control circuit module is connected to the controller.

4. A system for axial length measurement of the eye according to any one of claims 3, characterized in that: The probe body structure further includes a disposable probe head and a connection structure, and the disposable probe head is connected to the end of the transducer far from the magnetic column through the connection structure.

5. A system for axial length measurement of the eye according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection between the disposable probe head and the connection structure is detachable.

6. A system for axial length measurement of the eye according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The system further includes a support frame, a support body, an operation panel, a housing and a grip. The probe body structure, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, the electromagnetic drive module, the slide rail structure and the controller are arranged in the housing. The support body is slidably arranged on the housing. One end of the support frame is connected to the support body, and the other end is horizontally arranged in the same direction as the direction of outward sliding towards the transducer. The operation panel is arranged outside the housing, and the operation panel is communicatively connected to the controller. The grip is arranged on the housing.

7. The system for axial length measurement of the eye according to claim 6, wherein: The horizontally adjustable length from the outermost end of the support frame to the end face of the probe body structure touching the eyeball is 1 - 30 mm.

8. A system and method for axial length measurement of the eye according to claim 7, characterized in that: The horizontally adjustable length from the outermost end of the support frame to the end face of the probe body structure touching the eyeball is preferably 5 - 20 mm.

9. A method for axial length measurement of the eye, characterized in that: For the system for eye axis length measurement according to any one of claims 1 - 8, its measurement method is as follows: (1) Keep the distance between the eyeball and the probe body structure within a preset detection range. (2) Activate the control circuit module through the operation panel to activate the transmitting coil, and control the outward emission of the magnetic column through the transmitting magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, driving the probe body structure to move outward. (3) At the same time, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive echo one. (4) When the probe body structure touches the eyeball, the ultrasonic signal transceiver module drives the transducer to emit sound waves and receive echo two. (5) The controller receives the echo one and echo two signals received by the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, and outputs the measured eye axis length based on preset parameters. (6) When the measurement is completed, activate the receiving coil through the controller for the control circuit module, and disconnect the transmitting coil. Control the inward recovery of the magnetic column through the receiving magnetic field generated by the receiving coil, driving the probe body structure to move inward for recovery.

10. A method for axial length measurement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The acquisition and processing method of ultrasonic signals is as follows: Collect the time-domain waveform of the reflected signal through the ultrasonic signal transceiver module, including the transmission time point and the reception time point. Extract the main characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic signal, including the peak time points of transmission and reception, and the peak intensity of the signal amplitude. Calculate the propagation time difference t of ultrasonic waves in the eye medium based on the emission time point and the reception time point; Calculate the axial length of the eye through the ultrasonic wave propagation speed C and the time difference t, and its calculation formula is: ； Wherein: L is the axial length of the eye, C is the speed of sound.

Images