Laser welding cutter for intelligent production of multi-layer environment-friendly bag and control method of laser welding cutter

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding cutter for intelligent production of a multilayer environment-friendly bag and a control method of the laser welding cutter, and relates to the technical field of laser processing. According to the device, a double-shaft transmission system is formed by the first motor and the first lead screw on the two sides of the workbench and the second motor and the second lead screw in the supporting frame, and high-precision positioning of the laser generator in the XY plane is achieved. A fixed pressing plate on the inner side of the workbench is driven by an electric telescopic rod, flexible clamping of materials is achieved through a silicone rubber elastic buffer layer and anti-skid textures, and deformation is avoided. The control method comprises the steps that a CAD file is imported to generate a cutting path, the cutting path is deviated inwards to generate a welding path, cutting parameters and welding parameters are automatically configured based on a material database, a joint cutting image is collected through an industrial camera, deviation is detected through a Canny operator and Hough transform, and the welding path is corrected. According to the invention, the bottleneck of poor edge quality and low efficiency of traditional machining is broken through, and the automation of the whole process of cutting, detecting, correcting and welding is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of global environmental awareness, multi-layer environmental protection bags (such as degradable or recyclable bags made of materials such as PE, PP, PLA, etc.) are widely used in fields such as packaging and shopping due to their environmental protection characteristics. In the large-scale production of environmental protection bags, the cutting and welding processes are key links, directly affecting the quality, production efficiency, and cost of products. Traditional environmental protection bag processing equipment mostly uses mechanical blades for cutting or hot pressing for welding. Traditional mechanical cutting easily causes burrs, tears, or delamination at the edges of multi-layer materials, and it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy especially when cutting complex shapes. Hot pressing welding may cause insufficient strength at the welding part or carbonization of the material due to uneven temperature control, affecting the durability of the environmental protection bag. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags and a control method thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags includes a workbench and a controller. On the outer sides of the upper ends of both sides of the workbench, first grooves are provided. Inside the first grooves, first lead screws are provided. One end of each first lead screw is provided with a first motor. A first driving slider is threadedly connected to the first lead screw, and a support frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first driving slider; A second motor is installed on one side of the support frame. Inside the support frame, a second lead screw is installed. A second driving slider is threadedly connected to the second lead screw. A blower is provided at the top of the second driving slider, and a telescopic housing is provided at the bottom of the second driving slider. A laser generator is provided at the bottom of the telescopic housing.

[0005] Preferably: On the inner sides of the upper ends of both sides of the workbench, second grooves are provided. Inside the second grooves, fixed pressing plates are provided. At the upper ends of the fixed pressing plates, a plurality of electric telescopic rods are provided. At the upper ends of the electric telescopic rods, a third motor is provided.

[0006] Preferably: A blowing hose is provided at the lower end of the blower. Inside the second driving slider, a second motor and a through hole are provided. The second motor is used to control the telescopic housing. A limiting plate is provided on one side of the telescopic housing. The blowing hose passes through the through hole and is fixed on the limiting plate.

[0007] Preferably: A camera is further provided above the workbench, and the camera is an industrial-grade high-definition camera.

[0008] Preferably, an elastic buffer layer is provided on the lower surface of the fixed pressing plate, made of silicone rubber, with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and anti-slip textures are provided on the surface.

[0009] The present invention also provides a control method for a laser welding knife used in the intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags, and the method includes the following steps: S1. Fix the material on the workbench; Lay the material flat on the workbench, start the third motor to drive the electric telescopic rod to press down the fixed pressing plate to complete the fixation of the material.

[0010] S2. Plan the laser cutting path and the welding path; Import the CAD file into the controller, parse out the cutting contour line as the cutting path, automatically identify the acute angle features in the contour, insert deceleration points at the acute angles, and generate a parallel welding path by offsetting inward by 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0011] S3. Preset the cutting parameters for cutting the material and the welding parameters for welding the material according to the material of the material; The cutting parameters and the welding parameters are the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser co-controlled by the first motor and the second motor, and the blowing intensity of the blower. Establish a material parameter database, including the processing parameters of environmental protection bag materials PE, PP, and PLA. Select the material information of the material through the controller, and the system automatically retrieves the corresponding cutting parameters and welding parameters of the material.

[0012] S4. Control the laser cutting head to cut along the cutting path with the cutting parameters; Start the first motor and the second motor to drive the laser generator to the starting position, adjust the laser generator to the cutting parameters, and then turn on the laser generator to cut the material along the cutting path.

[0013] S5. Switch to the welding parameters, and control the laser cutting head to perform secondary processing along the welding path to achieve welding; Turn off the laser generator, move to the starting position of welding, adjust the laser generator to the welding parameters, and then turn on the laser generator to complete the welding of the material along the welding path.

[0014] Preferably, the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser co-controlled by the first motor and the second motor, and the blowing intensity of the blower in the cutting parameters are greater than those in the welding parameters.

[0015] Preferably, after the laser cutting head cuts along the cutting path with the cutting parameters in step S4, it further includes: The image of the cutting area is collected by a camera above the workbench. The controller performs grayscale conversion, noise reduction, and edge enhancement on the collected image. The Canny operator, an edge detection algorithm, is used to identify the actual cut seam contour after cutting. The Hough transform is used to identify the straight-line features, calculate the deviation vector between the actual cut seam and the planned path, set an offset threshold, and determine that there is an offset when the position deviation exceeds the threshold. The welding path is corrected according to the judgment result.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The double lead screw structure is driven by the first motor and the second motor to achieve high-precision positioning of the laser generator in the X-Y axis. Combined with the laser cutting of the laser generator, it avoids the physical contact loss of traditional mechanical blades and solves the problems of burrs and tearing at the edges of multi-layer materials. The Canny operator and the Hough transform are used to detect the cut seam contour in real time, and the welding path is dynamically corrected through the calculation of the deviation vector, effectively compensating for the processing offset caused by factors such as material displacement and equipment vibration. The controller has a built-in material parameter database, which is automatically retrieved by the controller to dynamically adjust the laser power, travel speed, and blowing intensity without manual debugging. The "cutting-detection-correction-welding" full process is automated through one-time clamping, avoiding the time-consuming problem of processing in separate processes by traditional equipment, and is especially suitable for batch production of environmentally friendly bags with complex shapes. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the front view of the laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmentally friendly bags of the present invention; Figure 2 is the exploded structural schematic diagram of the laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmentally friendly bags of the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram at A in Figure 4 is the flow block diagram of the control method of the laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmentally friendly bags of the present invention.

[0018] Legend Explanation: 1. Workbench; 101. First groove; 102. Second groove; 2. Support frame; 201. First driving slider; 3. First motor; 4. First lead screw; 5. Second motor; 6. Fixed pressing plate; 7. Electric telescopic rod; 8. Third motor; 9. Camera; 10. Controller; 11. Second lead screw; 12. Fan; 1201. Blowing hose; 13. Second driving slider; 1301. Through hole; 14. Telescopic shell; 1401. Limiting plate; 15. Laser generator; 16. Fourth motor. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements having the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0020] As used herein, the term "exemplary" means "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0021] In addition, for a better description of the present disclosure, numerous specific details are given in the following detailed implementation manners. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present disclosure can also be implemented without some specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail so as to highlight the gist of the present disclosure.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-3 As shown, a laser welding knife for the intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags includes a workbench 1 and a controller 10. First grooves 101 are provided on the outer sides of the upper ends of both sides of the workbench 1. A first lead screw 4 is arranged in the first groove 101. One end of the first lead screw 4 is provided with a first motor 3. A first transmission slider 201 is threadedly connected to the first lead screw 4. A support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first transmission slider 201; A second motor 5 is installed on one side of the support frame 2. A second lead screw 11 is installed inside the support frame 2. A second transmission slider 13 is threadedly connected to the second lead screw 11. A blower 12 is arranged at the top of the second transmission slider 13. A telescopic housing 14 is arranged at the bottom of the second transmission slider 13. A laser generator 15 is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic housing 14; A blowing hose 1201 is arranged at the lower end of the blower 12. A fourth motor 16 and a through hole 1301 are arranged inside the second transmission slider 13. The fourth motor 16 is used to control the telescopic housing 14. A limiting plate 1401 is arranged on one side of the telescopic housing 14. The blowing hose 1201 passes through the through hole 1301 and is fixed on the limiting plate 1401; The first motor 3 drives the first lead screw 4 to rotate, driving the first transmission slider 201 and the support frame 2 to move horizontally (X-axis) along the workbench 1; the second motor 5 drives the second lead screw 11 to rotate, driving the second transmission slider 13 to move longitudinally (Y-axis) along the support frame 2. The coordinated movement of the two enables the laser generator 15 to be arbitrarily positioned in the XY plane above the workbench 1, meeting the requirements of complex path processing; The blower 12 sprays high-speed air flow into the laser processing area through the blowing hose 1201, blowing away the molten slag, soot, and volatiles generated during the cutting process in real time, avoiding the influence of impurity attachment on the subsequent welding quality, and at the same time reducing the temperature of the processing area to prevent the multi-layer material from delaminating or carbonizing due to overheating; The fourth motor 16 inside the second drive slider 13 drives the telescopic housing 14 to expand and contract, controls the laser generator 15 to lift along the Z-axis direction, automatically adjusts the laser focusing position according to the material thickness, and ensures that the laser energy density precisely matches the processing requirements.

[0023] On the inner sides of the upper ends of both sides of the workbench 1, second grooves 102 are provided. A fixed pressing plate 6 is arranged in the second grooves 102. A plurality of electric telescopic rods 7 are arranged at the upper end of the fixed pressing plate 6, and a third motor 8 is arranged at the upper end of the electric telescopic rods 7; The lower surface of the fixed pressing plate 6 is provided with an elastic buffer layer, the material of which is silicone rubber, the thickness is 2 - 3 mm, and the surface is provided with anti-slip textures; Above the workbench 1, a camera 9 is further arranged, and the camera 9 is an industrial-grade high-definition camera; The third motor 8 drives the electric telescopic rods 7 to lift vertically, driving the fixed pressing plate 6 to move up and down in the second grooves 102. When the electric telescopic rods 7 press down, the silicone rubber elastic buffer layer of the fixed pressing plate 6 adheres to the surface of the material, and uses elastic deformation to evenly transfer the pressure, avoiding material tearing or deformation caused by rigid clamping. The setting of the anti-slip textures increases the friction between the pressing plate and the material, ensuring that the material does not shift during the processing, and solving the problems of easy slipping or too deep indentation in traditional mechanical clamping; The camera 9 is installed above the workbench 1, and in real time collects the initial image after the material is placed and the image of the cutting seam / welding area during the processing, providing real-time data for subsequent path planning.

[0024] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for a laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags, including the following steps: S1. Fix the material on the workbench; Lay the material flat on the workbench 1, and start the third motor 8 to drive the electric telescopic rods 7 to press down the fixed pressing plate 6 to complete the fixation of the material.

[0025] S2. Plan the laser cutting path and welding path; Import the CAD file into the controller 10, parse out the cutting contour line as the cutting path, automatically identify the acute angle features in the contour, insert deceleration points at the acute angles, and generate a parallel welding path by offsetting 0.2 - 0.5 mm inward.

[0026] S3. Preset the cutting parameters for cutting the material and the welding parameters for welding the material according to the material; The cutting parameters and welding parameters are the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser co-controlled by the first motor 3 and the second motor 5, and the blowing intensity of the blower 12. A material parameter database is established, which includes the processing parameters of environmentally friendly bag materials such as PE, PP, and PLA. The controller 10 selects the material information of the material, and the system automatically retrieves the corresponding cutting parameters and welding parameters.

[0027] S4. Control the laser cutting head to cut along the cutting path with the cutting parameters; Start the first motor 3 and the second motor 5 to drive the laser generator 15 to the starting position. After adjusting the laser generator 15 to the cutting parameters, turn on the laser generator 15 and perform material cutting along the cutting path.

[0028] S5. Switch to the welding parameters, and control the laser cutting head to perform secondary processing along the welding path to achieve welding; Turn off the laser generator 15, move to the starting position of welding, adjust the laser generator 15 to the welding parameters, and then turn on the laser generator 15 to complete material welding along the welding path.

[0029] In the cutting parameters, the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser co-controlled by the first motor 3 and the second motor 5, and the blowing intensity of the blower 12 are greater than those in the welding parameters.

[0030] After the laser cutting head cuts along the cutting path with the cutting parameters in step S4, the following steps are further included: Collect the image of the cutting area through the camera 9 above the workbench 1. The controller 10 performs grayscale conversion, noise reduction, and edge enhancement processing on the collected image. The Canny operator of the edge detection algorithm is used to identify the actual cut seam contour after cutting. The straight-line features are identified through the Hough transform, and the deviation vector between the actual cut seam and the planned path is calculated. An offset threshold is set. When the position deviation exceeds the threshold, it is determined as an offset, and the welding path is corrected according to the judgment result.

[0031] The working principle of the present invention: The third motor 8 drives the electric telescopic rod 7 to press down the fixed pressing plate 6. The silicone rubber buffer layer uniformly adheres to the surface of the material through elastic deformation, and the anti-slip texture increases the friction force to ensure that the material does not shift during processing. The camera 9 real-time collects the initial image after the material is placed and the image of the cut seam / welding area during the processing, providing real-time data for subsequent path planning; Import the CAD file of the environmentally friendly bag design into the controller 10, parse out the cutting contour line as the cutting path, automatically identify the acute angle features in the contour, insert deceleration points at the acute angles, and generate a parallel welding path by offsetting inward by 0.2 - 0.5 mm. The controller 10 has a built-in material database that stores the basic processing parameters of materials such as PE, PP, and PLA (laser power, the traveling speed of the laser co-controlled by the first motor 3 and the second motor 5, and the blowing intensity of the blower 12); Through the controller 10, select the material information of the material, and the system automatically retrieves the cutting parameters and welding parameters corresponding to the material. The first motor 3 and the second motor 5 respectively drive the X-axis and Y-axis lead screws to drive the laser generator 15 to the starting position. After adjusting the laser generator 15 to the cutting parameters, turn on the laser generator 15, and the blower 12 is turned on synchronously. Cut the material along the cutting path. During cutting, the blower 12 blows away the molten slag and smoke through the blowing hose 1201 to prevent pollution of the optical path and cool the processing area. During the cutting process, the camera 9 collects the image of the cut seam. After grayscale conversion, noise reduction, and edge enhancement processing, extract the edge contour through the Canny operator, identify the straight line features through the Hough transform, calculate the deviation of the point-to-line distance and the rotation angle deviation between the actual cut seam and the planned path, generate a deviation vector, set an offset threshold, and determine it as an offset when the position deviation exceeds the threshold. Modify the welding path according to the judgment result; After the material cutting is completed, turn off the laser generator 15, move to the starting position of welding. The controller 10 controls the laser generator 15 to switch to the welding parameters. After switching to the welding parameters, the laser power is reduced to the melting temperature of the material, and it moves along the corrected path at a slower speed to melt the surface layer of the material to generate a eutectic layer to achieve metallurgical bonding and form a welding layer with uniform strength; the blower 12 assists in heat dissipation at a low wind speed to avoid carbonization of the material caused by local overheating.

[0032] The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary skill in the art in the technical field to understand the disclosed embodiments.

Claims

1. Laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags, characterized in that: It includes a workbench (1) and a controller (10). On the outer sides of the upper ends of both sides of the workbench (1), first grooves (101) are provided. A first lead screw (4) is arranged in the first grooves (101). One end of the first lead screw (4) is provided with a first motor (3). A first transmission slider (201) is threadedly connected to the first lead screw (4). A support frame (2) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first transmission slider (201). A second motor (5) is installed on one side of the support frame (2). A second lead screw (11) is installed inside the support frame (2). A second transmission slider (13) is threadedly connected to the second lead screw (11). A blower (12) is arranged at the top of the second transmission slider (13). A telescopic shell (14) is arranged at the bottom of the second transmission slider (13). A laser generator (15) is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic shell (14).

2. The laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags according to claim 1, wherein: Second grooves (102) are provided on the inner sides of the upper ends of both sides of the workbench (1). A fixed pressing plate (6) is arranged in the second grooves (102). A plurality of electric telescopic rods (7) are arranged at the upper end of the fixed pressing plate (6). A third motor (8) is arranged at the upper end of the electric telescopic rods (7).

3. The laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags according to claim 1, wherein: A blowing hose (1201) is arranged at the lower end of the blower (12). A fourth motor (16) and a through hole (1301) are arranged inside the second transmission slider (13). The fourth motor (16) is used to control the telescopic shell (14). A limiting plate (1401) is arranged on one side of the telescopic shell (14). The blowing hose (1201) passes through the through hole (1301) and is fixed on the limiting plate (1401).

4. The laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags according to claim 1, characterized in that: A camera (9) is further arranged above the workbench (1). The camera (9) is an industrial-grade high-definition camera.

5. The laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags according to claim 2, wherein: An elastic buffer layer is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed pressing plate (6). The material is silicone rubber, with a thickness of 2 - 3 mm, and anti-slip textures are arranged on the surface.

6. Control method of a laser welding knife for intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags, characterized in that, The method is used for the laser welding knife according to any one of claims 1 - 5. The method includes the following steps: S1. Fix the material on the workbench; Lay the material flat on the workbench (1), and start the third motor (8) to drive the electric telescopic rods (7) to press down the fixed pressing plate (6) to complete the fixation of the material; S2. Plan the laser cutting path and the welding path; Import a CAD file into the controller (10), parse out the cutting contour line as the cutting path, automatically identify the acute angle features in the contour, insert deceleration points at the acute angles, and generate a parallel welding path by offsetting inwards by 0.2 - 0.5 mm; S3. Preset the cutting parameters for cutting the material and the welding parameters for welding the material according to the material of the material; The cutting parameters and the welding parameters are the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser co - controlled by the first motor (3) and the second motor (5), and the blowing intensity of the blower (12). Establish a material parameter database, including the processing parameters of environmental protection bag materials such as PE, PP, and PLA. Select the material information of the material through the controller (10), and the system automatically retrieves the corresponding cutting parameters and welding parameters; S4. Control the laser cutting head to cut along the cutting path according to the cutting parameters; Start the first motor (3) and the second motor (5) to drive the laser generator (15) to the starting position, adjust the laser generator (15) to the cutting parameters, then turn on the laser generator, and perform material cutting along the cutting path; S5. Switch to the welding parameters, and control the laser cutting head to perform secondary processing along the welding path to achieve welding; Turn off the laser generator (15), move to the welding starting position, adjust the laser generator (15) to the welding parameters, then turn on the laser generator (15), and complete the material welding along the welding path.

7. The control method of the laser welding knife for the intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the cutting parameters, the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser jointly controlled by the first motor (3) and the second motor (5), and the blowing intensity of the blower (12) are greater than those in the welding parameters, including the power of the laser, the traveling speed of the laser jointly controlled by the first motor (3) and the second motor (5), and the blowing intensity of the blower (12).

8. The control method of the laser welding knife for the intelligent production of multi-layer environmental protection bags according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the S4 laser cutting head cuts along the cutting path with the cutting parameters, it further includes: Collect the image of the cutting area through the camera (9) above the workbench (1), the controller (10) performs grayscale conversion, noise reduction, and edge enhancement processing on the collected image, uses the edge detection algorithm Canny operator to identify the actual cut seam contour after cutting, identifies the straight line feature through the Hough transform, calculates the deviation vector between the actual cut seam and the planned path, sets the offset threshold, determines that it is offset when the position deviation exceeds the threshold, and corrects the welding path according to the judgment result.

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