Wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless communication battery management system with a signal adaptive adjustment function, and relates to the field of wireless communication networks. The signal monitoring unit is used for monitoring parameter data of wireless signals in real time and transmitting the parameter data to the signal processing unit, and the signal processing unit comprises a multi-band antenna and a signal acquisition circuit; and the signal processing unit is connected to the signal monitoring unit and is used for receiving the parameter data of the wireless signal transmitted by the signal monitoring unit and carrying out filtering, noise reduction and enhancement processing on the signal through a preset signal processing algorithm. The distributed multi-band antenna design is combined with the automatic gain control technology, the signal receiving range is expanded, blind areas are reduced, the stability of signal collection in a complex environment is improved, signal multi-scale noise reduction is achieved through the wavelet transform algorithm, the signal quality trend is pre-judged in advance in combination with machine learning prediction, and the signal quality is improved. And the control unit is supported to pre-adjust the transmitting power and switch to a high-quality frequency band, so that the probability of communication interruption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication networks, and more particularly, to a wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of wireless communication technology, various mobile devices have put forward higher requirements for the efficiency and stability of battery management systems;

[0003] Traditional systems rely on fixed parameter configurations. In the face of multipath fading, frequency band congestion, and electromagnetic interference (such as reflections from urban high-rise buildings and harmonic interference from industrial equipment), they are unable to dynamically adjust the transmission power, frequency band, and modulation method in real time. For example, when the signal quality drops suddenly due to occlusion, the device blindly increases the transmission power, resulting in a sharp increase in battery energy consumption and a sudden reduction in battery life; or in a weak signal area, it falls into a vicious cycle of communication interruption and high power consumption due to failure to switch to a high-quality frequency band;

[0004] The signal processing unit and the battery management unit operate independently, lacking data fusion and coordinated control. Existing solutions do not consider the remaining battery power (such as maintaining high-power transmission when the battery level is below 20%) or the charging status (such as not starting fast charging when the signal is poor and the power consumption exceeds the standard), resulting in excessive battery loss or low charging efficiency. Especially in high-bandwidth protocol scenarios such as 5GNR and Wi-Fi6, the contradiction between power consumption fluctuations and battery life is more prominent;

[0005] Traditional signal quality assessment only relies on a single indicator of signal strength, ignoring key parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and adjacent channel interference ratio, and lacking prediction of the signal quality change trend (such as not using time series analysis algorithms to predict signal fading), resulting in adjustment strategies lagging behind environmental changes and being unable to avoid signal blind spots or interference peaks in advance;

[0006] Existing charging modes do not associate signal quality with device power consumption. When the power consumption exceeds 150% of the rated value due to poor signal, a single constant current charging is still used, resulting in low charging efficiency. At the same time, the lack of single-cell battery voltage equalization adjustment leads to an accelerated attenuation of the battery pack capacity. Especially in a series-connected battery pack, the problem of shortened cycle life caused by monomer differences is significant.

[0007] Therefore, we make improvements and propose a wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] Specifically, this application is as follows:

[0010] A wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function, comprising:

[0011] A signal monitoring unit: used to monitor the parameter data of wireless signals in real time and transmit it to the signal processing unit. This unit includes a multi-band antenna and a signal acquisition circuit;

[0012] A signal processing unit: connected to the signal monitoring unit, used to receive the parameter data of wireless signals transmitted by the signal monitoring unit, filter, denoise, and enhance the signal through a preset signal processing algorithm, extract the characteristics of the processed signal, including the component characteristics of the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the signal, and then judge the quality level of the current signal according to the preset signal quality standard and transmit it to the control unit. Among them, the signal quality standard includes: signal strength index, signal-to-noise ratio index, bit error rate index, and interference strength index. The signal quality level adopts multi-level quantization grading and can be custom-set. By default, the signal quality level is quantized and graded into 4 levels based on the signal strength index, signal-to-noise ratio index, bit error rate index, and interference strength index;

[0013] A battery status monitoring unit: used to monitor the battery status data of the battery in real time through high-precision sensors and transmit it to the control unit. Among them, the high-precision sensors include a power sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor;

[0014] A control unit: respectively connected to the signal processing unit and the battery status monitoring unit, used to synthesize the signal quality level information transmitted by the signal processing unit and the battery status data transmitted by the battery status monitoring unit, generate control instructions according to the preset strategies and algorithms. When the signal quality level is lower than level 3, if the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to increase the current power by 10%-30% based on the current power. If the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to reduce the transmission power to ≤10dBm and switch to a frequency band with a signal strength ≥ -85dBm and an adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40dB. Among them, the first preset ratio can be custom-set, and the default is 60%. The second preset ratio can be custom-set, and the default is 20%;

[0015] A wireless communication unit: connected to the control unit, used to adjust its own working parameters according to the instructions of the control unit to achieve signal adaptive adjustment;

[0016] Battery Management Unit: Connected to the control unit, it is used to optimize the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the instructions of the control unit. When the signal quality level ≤ 2 and the device power consumption exceeds 150% of the rated power consumption, the fast charging mode is started, and a strategy of combining multiple charging methods is adopted. Among them, the multiple charging methods include: pulse charging, constant current charging, and constant voltage charging. In the pulse charging stage: charge at a current of 2C until 60% of the battery capacity is reached, where C is the battery capacity. In the constant current stage: charge at a current of 1C until 80% is reached. In the constant voltage charging: maintain a voltage of 4.2V until the charging ends and the charging current drops below 0.1C;

[0017] Signal Broadcasting and Interaction Unit: Responsible for implementing the broadcasting and interaction of signal conditions among the various units of the system. It includes a broadcast sending module and a broadcast receiving module. The broadcast sending module is connected to the signal monitoring unit and the signal processing unit, and the broadcast receiving module is connected to the control unit.

[0018] Among them, the multi-band antenna adopts a distributed layout design, and multiple antennas are installed at different positions of the device to improve the omnidirectional coverage ability of signal reception and reduce signal blind spots. The signal acquisition circuit has an automatic gain control function, which can automatically adjust the gain according to the received signal strength, so that the voltage amplitude of the digital electrical signal is within the preset effective range of the input dynamic range of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, improving the accuracy of signal processing.

[0019] The specific working steps of the signal monitoring unit are as follows:

[0020] SA1. Start;

[0021] SA2. Relying on its broadband reception ability, the multi-band antenna continuously scans and receives wireless signals in the surrounding environment, including 4G and 5G bands. The multi-band antenna with a distributed layout design collects signals from different positions of the device, expanding the signal reception range and reducing signal blind spots;

[0022] SA3. The signal acquisition circuit uses a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert the received analog wireless signal into a digital electrical signal. Using the automatic gain control function, it dynamically adjusts the gain according to the signal strength, so that the voltage amplitude of the digital electrical signal is within the preset effective range of the input dynamic range of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, and transmits the converted digital signal to the signal processing unit through a high-speed data bus. Among them, the preset effective range is 20% - 80% of the full scale of the analog-to-digital conversion chip or a voltage range of 0.5V - 2.5V set according to the input requirements of the signal processing unit.

[0023] SA4. End.

[0024] The specific working steps of the signal processing unit are as follows:

[0025] SB1. Start;

[0026] SB2. Receive the wireless signal parameter data transmitted by the signal monitoring unit through a dedicated data interface;

[0027] SB3. Use the wavelet transform algorithm to filter, denoise, and enhance the signal. This algorithm utilizes the multi-resolution analysis feature to decompose and reconstruct the signal at different scales, remove noise interference, and retain important feature information;

[0028] SB4. Extract the component features of amplitude, phase, and frequency of the processed signal, and judge the current signal quality level according to the detailed signal quality standards customized for different communication protocols and application scenarios;

[0029] SB5. Transmit the signal quality level information to the control unit through a dedicated data interface. At the same time, by analyzing historical signal data and using machine learning algorithms, predict the signal quality change trend within a certain period in the future, and provide the prediction result to the control unit as a decision reference. Among them, the machine learning algorithm is used to predict the signal quality change trend based on historical signal data and provide a decision basis for the control unit. The machine learning algorithm selects any one of the time series analysis algorithm, regression algorithm, and neural network algorithm according to the application scenario of signal prediction;

[0030] SB6. End.

[0031] The specific working steps of the battery status monitoring unit are as follows: [[ID=I6]]

[0032] SC1. Start;

[0033] SC2. The power sensor uses the coulomb meter technology to accurately measure the charge and discharge power of the battery, calculate the remaining power percentage in real time. The voltage sensor, relying on its high resolution and low noise characteristics, monitors the battery terminal voltage in real time. The current sensor measures the magnitude and direction of the battery charge and discharge current according to the Hall effect principle or the resistance sampling principle. The temperature sensor uses a high-precision thermistor or thermocouple to monitor the battery operating temperature in real time;

[0034] SC3. The power sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor transmit the collected battery status data to the control unit through independent data channels;

[0035] SC4. Real-time monitor the working status of the power sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor and battery abnormal conditions. If there is an abnormality, immediately send an alarm message to the control unit;

[0036] SC5. End.

[0037] The specific working steps of the wireless communication unit are as follows:

[0038] SD1. Start;

[0039] SD2. Receive the control instructions sent by the control unit through the communication protocols of SPI or I2C;

[0040] SD3. Adjust its own working parameters according to the instructions, including:

[0041] Transmission power adjustment: Adjust the transmission power within the designed power range according to the signal strength requirement. When the signal quality level is lower than the preset threshold and the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, increase the transmission power by no more than 30% of the current power. When the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, gradually reduce the transmission power by at least 10 dBm each time until the minimum transmission power of -10 dBm is reached. Among them, the designed power range can be customized, and by default, it is from -20 dBm to 33 dBm, with a step of 1 dB;

[0042] Frequency switching: Switch to the target frequency band where the signal strength ≥ -85 dBm and the adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB;

[0043] Modulation method adjustment: Dynamically select the modulation method according to the signal quality index. When SNR ≥ 25 dB, use high-order modulation methods such as 64QAM or 256QAM. When 15 dB ≤ SNR < 25 dB, use 16QAM or QPSK modulation methods. When SNR < 15 dB, use low-order modulation methods such as BPSK;

[0044] Communication protocol adaptation: Automatically select the appropriate communication protocol according to different communication scenario parameters and signal quality indexes according to the preset rules to improve communication compatibility and efficiency. The preset rules can be customized. By default, in the wide-area coverage scenario and the signal strength ≤ -100 dBm, select the LTE-M or NB-IoT protocol. In the high-speed data scenario where the required rate ≥ 100 Mbps and SNR ≥ 20 dB, automatically switch to the 5GNR or Wi-Fi6 protocol. In the short-distance low-power consumption scenario, select the Bluetooth 5.0 or Zigbee protocol;

[0045] SD4. End.

[0046] The specific working steps of the battery management unit are as follows:

[0047] SE1. Start;

[0048] SE2. Receive the control instructions sent by the control unit;

[0049] SE3. When the poor signal quality causes an increase in device power consumption, adopt a strategy of combining multiple charging methods to accelerate the battery charging speed. Among them, the multiple charging methods are: applying a high-current pulse in the pulse charging stage to quickly supplement the power, maintaining a constant charging current in the constant-current charging stage to gradually increase the power, and maintaining a constant charging voltage in the constant-voltage charging stage to prevent overcharging of the battery;

[0050] SE4. When the device is in the low-power state, optimize the discharge strategy by means of intermittent discharge or reducing the discharge current to reduce the self-discharge loss of the battery;

[0051] SE5. Monitor and adjust the voltages of individual cells in the battery pack to balance the charge of each individual cell and extend the service life of the battery pack;

[0052] SE6. End.

[0053] The specific working steps of the broadcast sending module are as follows:

[0054] SF1. Start;

[0055] SF2. The broadcast sending module is connected to the signal monitoring unit and the signal processing unit, and periodically obtains the wireless signal parameters and the signal quality level information in real time every 1 second;

[0056] SF3. Pack and integrate the data according to a specific binary data format, and encrypt the data using the AES algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission;

[0057] SF4. Use Bluetooth Low Energy or a custom low-power wireless communication protocol to broadcast the encrypted data to the broadcast receiving module through a dedicated radio frequency transmitting circuit;

[0058] SF5. End.

[0059] The specific working steps of the broadcast receiving module are as follows:

[0060] SG1. Start;

[0061] SG2. Continuously monitor a specific wireless channel and receive the signal condition data broadcast from other units;

[0062] SG3. After receiving the data, parse it according to the corresponding binary data format and extract the signal parameters and the quality level information;

[0063] SG4. Use the data screening and preprocessing function to screen the data according to the preset simple rules within the range of signal strength ≥ -100 dBm and signal quality level ≥ 2, and at the same time filter out the abnormal data with signal-to-noise ratio < 10 dB or bit error rate > 10^-3. After initially screening the data and removing the obvious abnormal or invalid data, temporarily store the screened data in the cache;

[0064] SG4. Transmit the data in the cache to the control unit through a high-speed data interface;

[0065] SG6. End.

[0066] The specific working steps of the control unit are as follows:

[0067] SH1, Start;

[0068] SH2, Obtain signal quality level information and signal quality change trend prediction results from the signal processing unit respectively, obtain battery status data from the battery status monitoring unit, and receive signal condition data broadcast by other units from the signal broadcast interaction unit;

[0069] SH3, When making a decision by fusing the data of the signal broadcast interaction unit, different weights are assigned to the signal condition data broadcast by different units according to the hardware performance of each signal monitoring unit, the complexity of the environment where it is located, and the distance from other units. The data of the unit with superior hardware performance, located in a simple signal propagation environment area and close to the signal source is given a data weight coefficient of 0.8 - 1.0, and the weight coefficient in other cases is 0.5 - 0.7;

[0070] SH4, Based on the reliability, spatial position relationship, and time - series changes of the signal data of each unit, when the signal quality level is lower than level 3, if the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to increase the current power by 10% - 30% as a benchmark; if the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to reduce the transmission power to ≤10 dBm and switch to a frequency band with a signal strength ≥ - 85 dBm and an adjacent - channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB. The frequency - band switching comprehensively considers the signal strength, interference situation, and frequency - band availability. The specific comprehensive consideration operation is determined according to the actual needs of the user. In addition, according to different usage scenarios and device types, the signal quality threshold, the first preset ratio, and the second preset ratio parameters are dynamically adjusted;

[0071] SH5, Generate a control instruction based on the above decision and transmit it to the wireless communication unit and the battery management unit through the communication protocol;

[0072] SH6, End.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0074] 1. Through the distributed multi - band antenna design combined with the automatic gain control technology, the present invention expands the signal reception range and reduces the blind area, improving the stability of signal acquisition in complex environments.

[0075] 2. The present invention realizes multi - scale signal noise reduction through the wavelet transform algorithm, combines machine learning prediction to anticipate the signal quality trend in advance, supports the control unit to pre - adjust the transmission power and switch to a high - quality frequency band, reducing the probability of communication interruption.

[0076] 3. The control unit of the present invention makes dynamic decisions based on the default four-level signal quality classification and battery power threshold. When the battery power is sufficient and the signal quality is less than level 3, the power is increased by 10%-30% to ensure communication. When the battery power is insufficient, the power is reduced to ≤10 dBm and the low-power frequency band is switched to extend the battery life.

[0077] 4. The wireless communication unit dynamically selects the modulation method according to the SNR and automatically matches the communication protocol to improve the data transmission efficiency.

[0078] 5. When the signal quality is ≤2 and the power consumption exceeds the standard, the three-stage fast charging of pulse charging + constant current + constant voltage is started, which shortens the charging time and avoids overcharging at the same time. By real-time monitoring of voltage, current and temperature, the intermittent discharge / current regulation is used to reduce the self-discharge loss, and the voltage of the single battery is balanced and regulated to extend the cycle life of the battery pack. The battery status monitoring unit alarms the sensor failure or battery abnormality in real time, and the control unit triggers the protection mechanism to enhance the stability of the system.

[0079] 6. The signal broadcast interaction unit realizes the data broadcast between units through low-power Bluetooth. The broadcast sending module encrypts and transmits the signal parameters every 1 second, and the receiving module screens the valid data and assigns weights to improve the reliability of the decision-making.

[0080] 7. It supports users to customize parameters such as signal quality level, power adjustment range, charging current, etc., adapts to multiple scenarios such as Internet of Things terminals, portable devices, industrial sensors, etc., and is compatible with protocols such as LTE-M and Bluetooth 5.0. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the signal monitoring unit of the present application;

[0082] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the signal processing unit of the present application;

[0083] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the battery status monitoring unit of the present application;

[0084] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the wireless communication unit of the present application;

[0085] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the battery management unit of the present application;

[0086] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the broadcast sending module of the present application;

[0087] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the broadcast receiving module of the present application;

[0088] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the working process of the control unit of the present application;

[0089] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the default classification of the signal quality level of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0090] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0091] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0092] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0093] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0094] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Such terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0095] To solve this technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0096] Please refer to Figures 1-9 , a wireless communication battery management system with a signal adaptive adjustment function, comprising:

[0097] A signal monitoring unit: for real-time monitoring of the parameter data of the wireless signal and transmitting it to the signal processing unit. This unit includes a multi-band antenna and a signal acquisition circuit;

[0098] Signal processing unit: Connected to the signal monitoring unit, it is used to receive the parameter data of the wireless signal transmitted by the signal monitoring unit, filter, denoise, and enhance the signal through a preset signal processing algorithm, extract the features of the processed signal, including the component features of the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the signal, and then judge the quality level of the current signal according to the preset signal quality standard and transmit it to the control unit. Among them, the signal quality standard includes: signal strength index, signal-to-noise ratio index, bit error rate index, and interference strength index. The signal quality level adopts multi-level quantization classification and can be customized. By default, as Figure 9 shown, the signal quality level is classified into 4 levels of quantization based on the signal strength index, signal-to-noise ratio index, bit error rate index, and interference strength index;

[0099] Battery status monitoring unit: It monitors the battery status data of the battery in real time through high-precision sensors and transmits it to the control unit. Among them, the high-precision sensors include a power sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor;

[0100] Control unit: Connected to the signal processing unit and the battery status monitoring unit respectively, it is used to synthesize the signal quality level information transmitted by the signal processing unit and the battery status data transmitted by the battery status monitoring unit, generate control instructions according to the preset strategies and algorithms. When the signal quality level is lower than level 3, if the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to increase the current power by 10%-30% based on the current power. If the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to reduce the transmission power to ≤10dBm and switch to a frequency band with a signal strength ≥ -85dBm and an adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40dB. Among them, the first preset ratio can be customized, and the default is 60%. The second preset ratio can be customized, and the default is 20%;

[0101] Wireless communication unit: Connected to the control unit, it is used to adjust its own working parameters according to the instructions of the control unit and realize the adaptive adjustment of the signal;

[0102] Battery management unit: Connected to the control unit, it is used to optimize the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the instructions of the control unit. When the signal quality level ≤ 2 and the device power consumption exceeds 150% of the rated power consumption, start the fast charging mode and adopt a strategy of combining multiple charging methods. Among them, the multiple charging methods include: pulse charging, constant current charging, and constant voltage charging. Pulse charging stage: Charge at a current of 2C until 60% of the battery capacity is reached, where C is the battery capacity. Constant current stage: Charge at a current of 1C until 80%. Constant voltage charging: Keep the voltage at 4.2V until the charging is completed and the charging current drops below 0.1C;

[0103] Signal Broadcasting and Interaction Unit: Responsible for broadcasting and interacting signal conditions among various units of the system. It includes a broadcast sending module and a broadcast receiving module. The broadcast sending module is connected to the signal monitoring unit and the signal processing unit, and the broadcast receiving module is connected to the control unit.

[0104] Among them, the multi-band antenna adopts a distributed layout design, with multiple antennas installed at different positions of the device to improve the omnidirectional coverage ability of signal reception and reduce signal blind spots. The signal acquisition circuit has an automatic gain control function, which can automatically adjust the gain according to the received signal strength, so that the voltage amplitude of the digital electrical signal is within the preset effective range of the input dynamic range of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, improving the accuracy of signal processing.

[0105] As Figure 1 shown, the specific working steps of the signal monitoring unit are as follows:

[0106] SA1. Start;

[0107] SA2. With its broadband reception ability, the multi-band antenna continuously scans and receives wireless signals in the surrounding environment, including 4G and 5G bands. The multi-band antenna with a distributed layout design collects signals from different positions of the device, expanding the signal reception range and reducing signal blind spots;

[0108] SA3. The signal acquisition circuit uses a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert the received analog wireless signal into a digital electrical signal, and uses the automatic gain control function to dynamically adjust the gain according to the signal strength, so that the voltage amplitude of the digital electrical signal is within the preset effective range of the input dynamic range of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, and transmits the converted digital signal to the signal processing unit through a high-speed data bus. Among them, the preset effective range is 20%-80% of the full scale of the analog-to-digital conversion chip or a voltage range of 0.5V-2.5V set according to the input requirements of the signal processing unit.

[0109] SA4. End.

[0110] As Figure 2 shown, the specific working steps of the signal processing unit are as follows:

[0111] SB1. Start;

[0112] SB2. Receive the wireless signal parameter data transmitted from the signal monitoring unit through a dedicated data interface;

[0113] SB3. Use the wavelet transform algorithm to filter, denoise and enhance the signal. This algorithm uses the multi-resolution analysis characteristic to decompose and reconstruct the signal at different scales, removing noise interference and retaining important feature information;

[0114] SB4. Extract the amplitude, phase, and frequency component features of the processed signal, determine the current signal quality level according to the detailed signal quality criteria customized for different communication protocols and application scenarios;

[0115] SB5. Transmit the signal quality level information to the control unit through a dedicated data interface. At the same time, analyze the historical signal data and use machine learning algorithms to predict the signal quality change trend within a certain period in the future, and provide the prediction result to the control unit as a decision reference. Among them, the machine learning algorithm is used to predict the signal quality change trend based on the historical signal data and provide a decision basis for the control unit. The machine learning algorithm selects any one of the time series analysis algorithm, regression algorithm, and neural network algorithm based on the application scenario of signal prediction;

[0116] SB6. End.

[0117] As Figure 3 shown, the specific working steps of the battery status monitoring unit are as follows:

[0118] SC1. Start;

[0119] SC2. The battery charge and discharge sensor uses coulomb meter technology to accurately measure the battery charge and discharge, calculate the remaining power percentage in real time. The voltage sensor, relying on its high resolution and low noise characteristics, monitors the battery terminal voltage in real time. The current sensor measures the magnitude and direction of the battery charge and discharge current according to the Hall effect principle or resistance sampling principle. The temperature sensor uses a high-precision thermistor or thermocouple to monitor the battery operating temperature in real time;

[0120] SC3. The battery charge and discharge sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor transmit the collected battery status data to the control unit through independent data channels;

[0121] SC4. Monitor the working status of the battery charge and discharge sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor and the abnormal conditions of the battery in real time. If there is an abnormality, immediately send an alarm message to the control unit;

[0122] SC5. End.

[0123] As Figure 4 shown, the specific working steps of the wireless communication unit are as follows:

[0124] SD1. Start;

[0125] SD2. Receive the control instructions sent by the control unit through the communication protocol of SPI or I2C;

[0126] SD3. Adjust its own working parameters according to the instructions, including:

[0127] Transmission power adjustment: Adjust the transmission power within the designed required power range according to the signal strength requirement. When the signal quality level is lower than the preset threshold and the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, increase the transmission power by no more than 30% of the current power. When the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, gradually reduce the transmission power by at least 10 dBm each time until the minimum transmission power of -10 dBm is reached. Among them, the designed required power range can be custom-set, and by default, it is from -20 dBm to 33 dBm with a step of 1 dB;

[0128] Frequency switching: Switch to the target frequency band where the signal strength ≥ -85 dBm and the adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB;

[0129] Modulation mode adjustment: Dynamically select the modulation mode according to the signal quality index. When SNR ≥ 25 dB, adopt high-order modulation modes such as 64QAM or 256QAM. When 15 dB ≤ SNR < 25 dB, adopt 16QAM or QPSK modulation modes. When SNR < 15 dB, adopt low-order modulation modes such as BPSK;

[0130] Communication protocol adaptation: Automatically select the appropriate communication protocol according to different communication scenario parameters and signal quality indexes according to the preset rules to improve communication compatibility and efficiency. The preset rules can be custom-set. By default, in the wide-area coverage scenario and when the signal strength ≤ -100 dBm, select the LTE-M or NB-IoT protocol. In the high-speed data scenario where the required rate ≥ 100 Mbps and SNR ≥ 20 dB, automatically switch to the 5GNR or Wi-Fi6 protocol. In the short-distance low-power scenario, select the Bluetooth 5.0 or Zigbee protocol;

[0131] SD4. End.

[0132] As Figure 5 shown, the specific working steps of the battery management unit are as follows:

[0133] SE1. Start;

[0134] SE2. Receive the control instruction sent by the control unit;

[0135] SE3. When the poor signal quality causes an increase in device power consumption, adopt a strategy of combining multiple charging methods to accelerate the battery charging speed. Among them, the multiple charging methods are: applying a high-current pulse during the pulse charging stage to quickly supplement the power, maintaining a constant charging current during the constant current charging stage to gradually increase the power, and maintaining a constant charging voltage during the constant voltage charging stage to prevent overcharging of the battery;

[0136] SE4. When the device is in a low-power state, adopt the method of intermittent discharge or reducing the discharge current to optimize the discharge strategy and reduce the self-discharge loss of the battery;

[0137] SE5. Monitor and regulate the voltage of each single battery in the battery pack to balance the power of each single battery and extend the service life of the battery pack;

[0138] SE6. End.

[0139] As Figure 6 shown, the specific working steps of the broadcast sending module are as follows:

[0140] SF1. Start;

[0141] SF2. The broadcast sending module is connected to the signal monitoring unit and the signal processing unit, and periodically obtains the wireless signal parameters and signal quality level information every 1 second in real time;

[0142] SF3. Pack and integrate the data according to a specific binary data format, and encrypt the data using the AES algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission;

[0143] SF4. Use low-power Bluetooth or a custom low-power wireless communication protocol to broadcast the encrypted data to the broadcast receiving module through a dedicated radio frequency transmitting circuit;

[0144] SF5. End.

[0145] As Figure 7 shown, the specific working steps of the broadcast receiving module are as follows:

[0146] SG1. Start;

[0147] SG2. Continuously monitor a specific wireless channel and receive the signal condition data broadcast from other units;

[0148] SG3. After receiving the data, parse it according to the corresponding binary data format and extract the signal parameters and quality level information;

[0149] SG4. Use the data screening and preprocessing function to screen the data within the range of signal strength ≥ -100dBm and signal quality level ≥ 2 levels according to the preset simple rules, and at the same time filter out the abnormal data with signal-to-noise ratio < 10dB or bit error rate > 10^-3. After initially screening the data and removing the obvious abnormal or invalid data, store the screened data in the cache;

[0150] SG4. Transmit the data in the cache to the control unit through a high-speed data interface;

[0151] SG6. End.

[0152] As Figure 8 shown, the specific working steps of the control unit are as follows:

[0153] SH1. Start;

[0154] SH2 obtains the signal quality level information and the predicted result of the signal quality change trend from the signal processing unit, obtains the battery state data from the battery state monitoring unit, and receives the signal condition data broadcast by other units from the signal broadcast interaction unit;

[0155] SH3, when making a decision by fusing the data of the signal broadcast interaction unit, assigns different weights to the signal condition data broadcast by different units according to the hardware performance of each signal monitoring unit, the complexity of the environment where it is located, and the distance from other units. The data of the unit with superior hardware performance, in a simple signal propagation environment area and close to the signal source is given a data weight coefficient of 0.8 - 1.0, and the weight coefficient for other situations is 0.5 - 0.7. Among them, the weight of 0.8 - 1.0 is high-quality data: antenna gain ≥ 5 dBi, distance from the signal source ≤ 50 m, environmental obstacles ≤ 2 per 100 m, and the weight of 0.5 - 0.7 is ordinary data: antenna gain < 5 dBi or distance from the signal source > 50 m or environmental obstacles > 2 per 100 m;

[0156] SH4, based on the reliability, spatial position relationship, and time series change of the signal data of each unit, when the signal quality level is lower than level 3, if the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to increase the current power by 10% - 30% as a benchmark; if the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to reduce the transmission power to ≤ 10 dBm and switch to a frequency band with a signal strength ≥ -85 dBm and an adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB. The frequency band switching comprehensively considers the signal strength, interference situation, and frequency band availability. The specific comprehensive consideration operation is determined according to the actual needs of the user. In addition, according to different usage scenarios and device types, the signal quality threshold, the first preset ratio, and the second preset ratio parameters are dynamically adjusted;

[0157] SH5, based on the above decision, generates a control instruction and transmits it to the wireless communication unit and the battery management unit through the communication protocol;

[0158] SH6. End.

[0159] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0160] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0161] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0162] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present specification has described the present invention in detail with reference to the above respective embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention; and all technical solutions and their improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless communication battery management system with a signal adaptive adjustment function, characterized in that Including: Signal monitoring unit: used to monitor the parameter data of wireless signals in real time and transmit it to the signal processing unit. This unit includes a multi-band antenna and a signal acquisition circuit; Signal processing unit: connected to the signal monitoring unit, used to receive the parameter data of wireless signals transmitted by the signal monitoring unit, filter, denoise, and enhance the signals through a preset signal processing algorithm, extract the features of the processed signals, including the component features of the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the signals, and then judge the quality level of the current signal according to the preset signal quality criteria and transmit it to the control unit. Among them, the signal quality criteria include: signal strength index, signal-to-noise ratio index, bit error rate index, and interference strength index. The signal quality level adopts multi-level quantization classification and can be customized. By default, the signal quality level is classified by 4-level quantization based on the signal strength index, signal-to-noise ratio index, bit error rate index, and interference strength index; Battery status monitoring unit: used to monitor the battery status data of the battery in real time through a high-precision sensor and transmit it to the control unit. Among them, the high-precision sensor includes a power sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor; Control unit: connected to the signal processing unit and the battery status monitoring unit respectively, used to synthesize the signal quality level information transmitted by the signal processing unit and the battery status data transmitted by the battery status monitoring unit, generate control instructions according to the preset strategies and algorithms. When the signal quality level is lower than level 3, if the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to increase the current power by 10%-30% based on the current power. If the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to reduce the transmit power to ≤10 dBm and switch to a frequency band with a signal strength ≥ -85 dBm and an adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB. Among them, the first preset ratio can be customized, and the default is 60%. The second preset ratio can be customized, and the default is 20%; Wireless communication unit: connected to the control unit, used to adjust its own working parameters according to the instructions of the control unit to achieve adaptive adjustment of signals; Battery management unit: connected to the control unit, used to optimize the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the instructions of the control unit. When the signal quality level ≤ 2 and the device power consumption exceeds 150% of the rated power consumption, start the fast charging mode and adopt a strategy of combining multiple charging methods. Among them, the multiple charging methods include: pulse charging, constant current charging, and constant voltage charging. Pulse charging stage: charge at a 2C current to 60% of the battery capacity, where C is the battery capacity. Constant current stage: charge at a 1C current to 80%. Constant voltage charging: maintain a voltage of 4.2V until the charging is completed and the charging current drops below 0.1C; Signal broadcast and interaction unit: responsible for realizing the broadcast and interaction of signal conditions among the system units. It includes a broadcast sending module and a broadcast receiving module. The broadcast sending module is connected to the signal monitoring unit and the signal processing unit, and the broadcast receiving module is connected to the control unit.

2. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-band antenna adopts a distributed layout design, installing multiple antennas at different positions of the device to improve the omnidirectional coverage ability of signal reception and reduce signal blind spots. The signal acquisition circuit has an automatic gain control function, which can automatically adjust the gain according to the received signal strength, so that the voltage amplitude of the digital electrical signal is within the preset effective range of the input dynamic range of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, improving the accuracy of signal processing.

3. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific working steps of the signal monitoring unit are as follows: SA1. Start; SA2. Relying on its wide-frequency reception ability, the multi-band antenna continuously scans and receives wireless signals in the surrounding environment, including 4G and 5G bands. The multi-band antenna with a distributed layout design collects signals from different positions of the device, expanding the signal reception range and reducing signal blind spots; SA3. The signal acquisition circuit uses a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert the received analog wireless signal into a digital electrical signal. Using the automatic gain control function, it dynamically adjusts the gain according to the signal strength, so that the voltage amplitude of the digital electrical signal is within the preset effective range of the input dynamic range of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, and transmits the converted digital signal to the signal processing unit through a high-speed data bus. Among them, the preset effective range is 20%-80% of the full scale of the analog-to-digital conversion chip or a voltage range of 0.5V-2.5V set according to the input requirements of the signal processing unit. SA4. End.

4. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working steps of the signal processing unit are as follows: SB1. Start; SB2. Receive the wireless signal parameter data transmitted by the signal monitoring unit through a dedicated data interface; SB3. Use the wavelet transform algorithm to filter, denoise, and enhance the signal. This algorithm uses the multi-resolution analysis characteristic to decompose and reconstruct the signal at different scales, removing noise interference and retaining important feature information; SB4. Extract the component characteristics of the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the processed signal, and judge the current signal quality level according to the detailed signal quality standards customized for different communication protocols and application scenarios; SB5. Transmit the signal quality level information to the control unit through a dedicated data interface. At the same time, using the analysis of historical signal data and machine learning algorithms, predict the signal quality change trend in the next period of time, and provide the prediction result to the control unit as a decision reference. Among them, the machine learning algorithm is used to predict the signal quality change trend based on historical signal data and provide a decision basis for the control unit. The machine learning algorithm selects any one of the time series analysis algorithm, regression algorithm, and neural network algorithm based on the application scenario of signal prediction; SB6. End.

5. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific working steps of the battery status monitoring unit are as follows: SC1. Start; SC2. The battery charge and discharge sensor uses coulomb meter technology to accurately measure the battery charge and discharge power, and calculates the remaining power percentage in real time. The voltage sensor, relying on its high resolution and low noise characteristics, monitors the battery terminal voltage in real time. The current sensor measures the magnitude and direction of the battery charge and discharge current based on the Hall effect principle or resistance sampling principle. The temperature sensor uses a high-precision thermistor or thermocouple to monitor the battery operating temperature in real time; SC3, the power sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor transmit the collected battery status data to the control unit through independent data channels; SC4, monitor the working status of the power sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor and battery abnormalities in real time. If there are any abnormalities, immediately send an alarm message to the control unit; SC5, end.

6. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific working steps of the wireless communication unit are as follows: SD1, start; SD2, receive the control instructions sent by the control unit through the communication protocol of SPI or I2C; SD3, adjust its own working parameters according to the instructions, including: Transmission power adjustment: Adjust the transmission power within the designed power range according to the signal strength requirement. When the signal quality level is lower than the preset threshold and the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, increase the transmission power by no more than 30% of the current power. When the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, gradually reduce the transmission power by at least 10 dBm each time until the minimum transmission power of -10 dBm is reached. Among them, the designed power range can be customized, and by default, it is -20 dBm to 33 dBm, with a step of 1 dB; Frequency switching: Switch to the target frequency band with a signal strength ≥ -85 dBm and an adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB; Modulation method adjustment: Dynamically select the modulation method according to the signal quality index. When SNR ≥ 25 dB, use high-order modulation methods such as 64QAM or 256QAM. When 15 dB ≤ SNR < 25 dB, use 16QAM or QPSK modulation methods. When SNR < 15 dB, use low-order modulation methods such as BPSK; Communication protocol adaptation: Automatically select the appropriate communication protocol according to different communication scenario parameters and signal quality indexes according to the preset rules to improve communication compatibility and efficiency. The preset rules can be customized. By default, in the wide-area coverage scenario and the signal strength ≤ -100 dBm, select the LTE-M or NB-IoT protocol. In the high-speed data scenario with a required rate ≥ 100 Mbps and SNR ≥ 20 dB, automatically switch to the 5GNR or Wi-Fi6 protocol. In the short-distance low-power scenario, select the Bluetooth 5.0 or Zigbee protocol; SD4, end.

7. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific working steps of the battery management unit are as follows: SE1, start; SE2, receive the control instructions sent by the control unit; SE3, when the poor signal quality causes an increase in device power consumption, adopt a strategy of combining multiple charging methods to accelerate the battery charging speed. Among them, the multiple charging methods are: applying a high-current pulse during the pulse charging stage to quickly replenish the power, maintaining a constant charging current during the constant-current charging stage to gradually increase the power, and maintaining a constant charging voltage during the constant-voltage charging stage to prevent overcharging of the battery; SE4, when the device is in a low-power state, adopt the method of intermittent discharge or reducing the discharge current to optimize the discharge strategy and reduce the self-discharge loss of the battery; SE5, monitor and adjust the voltage of each single battery in the battery pack to balance the power of each single battery and extend the service life of the battery pack; SE6, end.

8. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working steps of the broadcast sending module are as follows: SF1. Start; SF2. The broadcast sending module is connected to the signal monitoring unit and the signal processing unit, and periodically obtains wireless signal parameters and signal quality level information in real time every 1 second; SF3. Pack and integrate the data according to a specific binary data format, and encrypt the data using the AES algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission; SF4. Use low-power Bluetooth or a custom low-power wireless communication protocol to broadcast the encrypted data to the broadcast receiving module through a dedicated radio frequency transmitting circuit; SF5. End.

9. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working steps of the broadcast receiving module are as follows: SG1. Start; SG2. Continuously monitor a specific wireless channel and receive signal condition data broadcast from other units; SG3. After receiving the data, parse it according to the corresponding binary data format and extract signal parameters and quality level information; SG4. Use the data screening and preprocessing function to screen the data within the range where the signal strength ≥ -100 dBm and the signal quality level ≥ 2 according to a preset simple rule, and at the same time filter out abnormal data with a signal-to-noise ratio < 10 dB or a bit error rate > 10^-3. After initially screening the data and removing obvious abnormal or invalid data, temporarily store the screened data in the cache; SG5. Transmit the data in the cache to the control unit through a high-speed data interface; SG6. End.

10. The wireless communication battery management system with signal adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working steps of the control unit are as follows: SH1. Start; SH2. Obtain the signal quality level information and the predicted result of the signal quality change trend from the signal processing unit respectively, obtain the battery status data from the battery status monitoring unit, and receive the signal condition data broadcast from other units by the signal broadcast interaction unit; SH3. When making a decision by fusing the data of the signal broadcast interaction unit, different weights are assigned to the signal condition data broadcast by different units according to the hardware performance of each signal monitoring unit, the complexity of the environment where it is located, and the distance from other units. The data of the unit with excellent hardware performance, in a simple signal propagation environment area and close to the signal source is given a data weight coefficient of 0.8 - 1.0, and the weight coefficient is 0.5 - 0.7 in other cases; SH4. Based on the reliability, spatial position relationship, and time series change of the signal data of each unit, when the signal quality level is lower than 3, if the battery power is higher than the first preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to increase the current power by 10% - 30% based on the current power; if the battery power is lower than the second preset ratio, the control unit generates an instruction to reduce the transmission power to ≤ 10 dBm and switch to a frequency band where the signal strength ≥ -85 dBm and the adjacent channel interference ratio ≥ 40 dB. The frequency band switching comprehensively considers the signal strength, interference situation, and frequency band availability. The specific comprehensive consideration operation is determined according to the actual needs of the user. In addition, according to different usage scenarios and device types, the signal quality threshold, the first preset ratio, and the second preset ratio parameters are dynamically adjusted; SH5. Based on the above decision, generate a control instruction and transmit it to the wireless communication unit and the battery management unit through a communication protocol; SH6. End.

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