Reinforced wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fibers, preparation method of reinforced wear-resistant self-lubricating coating, coating and preparation method of coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, and discloses a magnetic basalt fiber reinforced wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and a preparation method thereof, and a coating and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, treating short-cut basalt fibers with an acid and / or alkali solution, mixing with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain the magnetic basalt fiber loaded by the magnetic nanoparticles; step 2, adding a filler into the resin matrix solution, dispersing, and grinding to obtain resin slurry; and 3, adding the magnetic basalt fiber in the step 1 into the resin slurry in the step 2, adding a curing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the required coating. According to the method, the contact behavior and the abrasion mechanism of a friction pair are optimized, the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate are reduced, the tribological performance of the obtained coating is improved, the service life of a mechanical kinematic pair is prolonged, and the reliability and the stability of equipment operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement, a preparation method, a coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical moving pairs, the problem of friction and wear has always been a key factor affecting the reliability and service life of equipment. To address this challenge, the prior art usually adopts the method of coating a polymer-based self-lubricating coating on the metal surface to alleviate friction and wear. The design of such coatings relies on the synergistic effect of adhesives, reinforcing phases, wear-resistant fillers and lubricants to improve the comprehensive performance of the coatings.

[0003] Basalt fiber (BF), as a natural material, has been widely used in the field of composite material reinforcement due to its high strength (3.0 - 4.8 GPa), high modulus (85 - 110 GPa), excellent temperature resistance (-260~800 °C) and chemical inertness. For example, the patent "A preparation method of a wear-resistant and tough acrylic resin coating" (application number 2015108651166) discloses introducing basalt fiber into an acrylic resin-based coating to improve wear resistance. The patent "Fiber-reinforced polymer protective coating with corrosion inhibition effect, its preparation method and application" (application number 2023105963781) discloses enhancing the mechanical properties of a polymer coating using basalt fiber. However, basalt fiber has obvious defects in use. On the one hand, the surface of basalt fiber has strong chemical inertness and poor interfacial compatibility with the polymer matrix, resulting in low stress transfer efficiency and easy occurrence of interfacial debonding failure. On the other hand, the surface of basalt fiber is smooth and has low polarity, making the resin infiltration insufficient and prone to pore defects inside the coating, reducing the denseness and bearing capacity of the coating.

[0004] In addition, a friction transfer film is a thin film formed by the transfer of substances on the surface of one material to the surface of the other during the friction process of a friction pair; it plays a key role in the performance of the friction pair (such as friction coefficient, wear rate, life, etc.) during the friction process. As an intermediate layer, it can reduce the direct contact of the original surface of the friction pair, lower the friction coefficient, avoid friction fluctuations caused by the direct biting of rough peaks on the surface of the friction pair, reduce adhesive wear, improve contact matching, and reasonable design of the transfer film is an important research direction in the field of tribology (such as lubrication, development of wear-resistant materials). However, there are problems such as difficulty in maintaining dynamic balance in the friction transfer film in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement, a preparation method, a coating and a preparation method thereof for the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A preparation method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement, comprising the following steps: Step 1: After treating the chopped basalt fiber with an acid and / or alkali solution, it is mixed with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, and magnetic basalt fiber loaded with magnetic nanoparticles is obtained through hydrothermal reaction; the mass ratio of the chopped basalt fiber to the iron salt is 1:0.5 - 2; Step 2: Add a filler to the resin matrix solution, disperse it and then grind it to obtain a resin slurry; wherein the filler accounts for 7 - 35 wt.% of the mass of the resin matrix; Step 3: Add the magnetic basalt fiber in Step 1 to the resin slurry in Step 2, and add a curing agent and mix evenly to obtain the required coating; wherein the magnetic basalt fiber accounts for 1 - 10 wt.% of the mass of the resin slurry.

[0007] Further, the reaction solution in Step 1 further includes a reducing agent and a surfactant, and the mass ratio of the iron salt, the reducing agent, and the surfactant is 0.5 - 2:0.1 - 0.5: 0.05 - 0.2; the conditions of the hydrothermal reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature is 160 - 200 °C, and the reaction time is 6 - 24 h.

[0008] Further, the resin matrix solution in Step 2 further includes a reaction diluent, and the mass ratio of the resin matrix to the reaction diluent is 100:5 - 15.

[0009] Further, the resin matrix in Step 2 is one or two or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, UV-curable resin, and silicone resin mixed in any proportion; the filler includes a wear-resistant agent and a lubricant, and the wear-resistant agent is one or two or more of SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 with a particle size range of 200 nm - 5 μm mixed in any proportion; the lubricant is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS2, and BN mixed in any proportion.

[0010] Further, the iron salt is one or two or more of FeCl3, FeSO4, and Fe(NO3)3 mixed in any proportion; the reducing agent is one or two or more of ascorbic acid, urea, and hydrazine hydrate mixed in any proportion; the surfactant is one or two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide mixed in any proportion.

[0011] A wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement.

[0012] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement, coating the coating on the surface of a substrate, applying a magnetic field of 0.5 - 2 T, and curing to obtain the required coating.

[0013] Further, the curing is heat curing or UV curing.

[0014] Further, the temperature of the heat curing is 80 - 150 °C, and the heating time is 1 - 4 h; the energy density of the UV curing is 500 - 1500 mJ / cm².

[0015] A wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, wherein the orientation of the magnetic basalt fibers in the coating is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction of the coating.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention uses magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a size smaller than the critical superparamagnetic size to modify basalt fibers, providing a pinning effect for the fibers and significantly improving the interfacial bonding between the fibers and the matrix. (2) The coating obtained by the present invention regulates the orientation of the fibers in the coating through an external magnetic field, making them arranged perpendicular to the friction sliding direction. This is beneficial for the generation and dynamic stability of the friction transfer film at the friction interface during the friction process, optimizing the contact behavior and wear mechanism of the friction pair, and reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate.

[0017] (3) In the coating obtained by the present invention, through the combination of wear-resistant agents and lubricants, the functional synergy between rigid basalt fibers and lubricating components is achieved, improving the comprehensive tribological properties of the coating, effectively prolonging the service life of mechanical moving pairs, and enhancing the reliability and stability of equipment operation. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the surface microstructure of the coating obtained by the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1 - magnetic basalt fiber, 2 - coating, 3 - friction transfer film. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] A preparation method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers includes the following steps: Step 1: Treat the chopped basalt fibers with an acid and / or alkali solution (at least one of HF, HCl, NaOH, KOH, and the mass concentration of the acid solution and / or alkali solution is 0.2 - 20 wt.%) for 0.5 - 24 h, wash them with deionized water until neutral, and then dry them to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0022] The fibers after surface roughening are mixed with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, and magnetic basalt fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@BF) are obtained through a hydrothermal reaction; the mass ratio of the chopped basalt fibers to the iron salt is 1:0.5 - 2; the reaction solution also includes a reducing agent and a surfactant, and the mass ratio of the iron salt, the reducing agent, and the surfactant is 0.5 - 2:0.1 - 0.5:0.05 - 0.2. The conditions for the hydrothermal reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature is 160 - 200 °C, and the reaction time is 6 - 24 h. The iron salt is one or two or more of FeCl3, FeSO4, and Fe(NO3)3 mixed in any proportion; the reducing agent is one or two or more of ascorbic acid, urea, and hydrazine hydrate mixed in any proportion; the surfactant is one or two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide mixed in any proportion.

[0023] Step 2: Add an abrasion-resistant agent and a lubricant to the resin matrix solution, disperse (disperse in a vacuum mixer at 1500 - 3000 rpm for 5 - 50 minutes), and then grind (use a three-roll mill to grind after dispersion, with the roll gaps being 10 - 20 μm and 5 - 10 μm respectively, and grind until the fineness of the slurry is ≤5 μm) to obtain a resin slurry; the abrasion-resistant agent accounts for 5 - 25 wt.% of the resin matrix mass, and the lubricant accounts for 2 - 10 wt.% of the resin matrix mass; the resin matrix is one or two or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, UV-curable resin, and silicone resin mixed in any proportion; the abrasion-resistant agent is one or two or more of SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 with a particle size range of 200 nm - 5 μm mixed in any proportion; the lubricant is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS2, and BN mixed in any proportion. The resin matrix solution is obtained by mixing the resin matrix, a solvent, and a reactive diluent in a mass ratio of 100:10 - 30:5 - 15. The solvent is acetone, xylene, or ethyl acetate. The reactive diluent is an epoxy reactive diluent or an acrylate monomer, specifically butyl glycidyl ether or ethyl acrylate.

[0024] Step 3: Add the magnetic basalt fibers in Step 1 to the resin slurry in Step 2 and stir in a vacuum (1500 - 3000 rpm, 10 - 15 minutes, until evenly stirred), and then add a curing agent and mix evenly to obtain the required coating; the magnetic basalt fibers account for 1 - 10 wt.% of the resin slurry mass. The curing agent is an epoxy amine, a polyurethane isocyanate, or a photoinitiator, which is selected according to the curing method.

[0025] After obtaining the coating, a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers is prepared using the obtained coating, and the process is as follows: Apply the coating on the surface of the substrate, and apply a magnetic field of 0.5 - 2 T (control the alignment direction of the fibers by controlling the magnetic field direction. The magnetic torque aligns the long axis of the fibers with the magnetic field direction. When specifically applying the magnetic field, the magnetic field direction is consistent with the direction perpendicular to the friction, that is, as shown in Figure 1 Apply the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the coating sliding direction in Figure 1 ), so that Fe3O4@BF is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the friction. Subsequently, after curing (it can be cured by heating or UV curing), the required coating can be obtained. The heating temperature for heating curing is 80 - 150 °C, and the heating time is 1 - 4 h; the energy density for UV curing is 500 - 1500 mJ / cm².

[0026] Example 1 A preparation method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the chopped basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 0.2 wt.% hydrofluoric acid HF solution for 30 min, wash with deionized water until neutral, and then dry at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0027] Put 1 g of surface-roughened fibers into deionized water, add 1.6 g of ferric chloride, 0.5 g of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and 0.05 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and carry out a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, where the size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is about 10 nm.

[0028] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether into a vacuum mixer and disperse at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then grind twice with a three-roll mill at roll distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0029] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir in vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0030] Apply the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, apply a high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T, control the magnetic field direction so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction, and heat at 100 °C for 3 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0031] Example 2 A preparation method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse short-cut basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 5 wt.% NaOH solution for 24 h, wash with deionized water until neutral, and then dry at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0032] Put 1 g of surface-roughened fibers into deionized water, add 1.24 g of ferric chloride, 0.7595 g of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 g of hydrazine hydrate, and 0.05 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and carry out a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, where the size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is about 10 nm.

[0033] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, and 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin and 6 g of ethyl acetate, and disperse in a vacuum mixer at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then grind twice with a three-roll grinder at roll distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0034] Step 3: Add 3 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir in a vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0035] Coat the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, apply a high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T, control the magnetic field direction so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction, and heat at 150 °C for 1 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0036] Example 3 A preparation method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse short-cut basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, wash with deionized water until neutral, and then dry at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0037] Put 1 g of surface-roughened fibers into deionized water, add 0.5 g of ferric chloride, 0.3 g of hydrazine hydrate, and 0.2 g of polyethylene glycol, and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer it to a high-pressure reactor, and carry out hydrothermal reaction at 160 °C for 24 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, where the size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is about 10 nm.

[0038] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm MoS2, and 5 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, 3 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and 6.3 g of acetone into a vacuum mixer and disperse for 50 min at 3000 rpm; then grind twice with a three-roll grinder at roll distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0039] Step 3: Add 3 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir in vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0040] Coat the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, apply a high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T, control the magnetic field direction so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction, and heat at 80 °C for 4 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0041] Example 4 A preparation method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse short-cut basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0042] Put 1 g of surface-roughened fibers into deionized water, add 2.0 g of ferric chloride, 0.3 g of hydrazine hydrate, and 0.1 g of polyethylene glycol, and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer it to a high-pressure reactor, and carry out hydrothermal reaction at 180 °C for 12 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, where the size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is about 10 nm.

[0043] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm graphite, 6 g of 5 μm BN, 2 g of 5 μm SiC, and 8 g of 5 μm B4C, add them to 63 g of epoxy resin, 3 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and 6.3 g of acetone, and disperse them in a vacuum mixer at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then grind them twice with a three-roll mill at roller distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0044] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir in vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0045] Coat the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, apply a high-intensity magnetic field of 1 T, control the magnetic field direction so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction, and heat at 80 °C for 4 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 Prepare the coating according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse chopped basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, wash them with deionized water until neutral, and dry them at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0047] Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer it to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and carry out a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h to obtain treated basalt fibers.

[0048] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, and 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add them to 63 g of epoxy resin and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and disperse them in a vacuum mixer at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then grind them twice with a three-roll mill at roller distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0049] Step 3: Add 2 g of the basalt fibers obtained in Step 1 to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir in vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0050] Coat the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, apply a high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T, and heat at 100 °C for 3 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0051] Comparative Example 2 Prepare the coating according to the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the short-cut basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min. After washing with deionized water until neutral and drying at 60 °C for 12 h, the surface-roughened fibers are obtained.

[0052] Put 1 g of the surface-roughened fibers into deionized water, add 1.6 g of ferric chloride, 0.5 g of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and 0.05 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer it to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and carry out a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) with uniformly loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles, where the size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is about 10 nm.

[0053] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, and 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and disperse them in a vacuum mixer at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then grind them twice with a three-roll mill at roll distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0054] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir it in a vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0055] Coat the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, and heat it at 100 °C for 3 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0056] Comparative Example 3 Step 1: Immerse the short-cut basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm in a 0.2 wt.% hydrofluoric acid HF solution for 30 min. After washing with deionized water until neutral and drying at 60 °C for 12 h, the surface-roughened fibers are obtained.

[0057] Put 1 g of the surface-roughened fibers into deionized water, add 1.6 g of ferric chloride, 0.5 g of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and 0.05 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, transfer it to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and carry out a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) with uniformly loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles, where the size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is about 10 nm.

[0058] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, and 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add them to 63 g of epoxy resin and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and disperse them in a vacuum mixer at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then grind them twice with a three-roll mill at roll distances of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0059] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in Step 2, stir it in a vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, and then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0060] Coat the obtained coating on the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, apply a high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T, control the magnetic field direction so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF is parallel to the sliding friction direction, and heat it at 100 °C for 3 h. After curing, the required coating can be obtained.

[0061] To illustrate the effects of the present invention, friction tests were conducted on the samples obtained in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention. The test equipment was a high-speed ring-block friction testing machine. The coating substrate was a pure aluminum block with dimensions of 25 mm * 10 mm * 4 mm, and the counter part was a 45# steel ring with an outer diameter of 50 mm. The test conditions were: load 200 N, speed 0.1 m / s, test duration 2 h, and no lubricating medium. The friction coefficient was directly obtained from the high-speed ring-block friction testing machine. After the wear test, the wear volume was directly measured using a white light interferometer, and the wear rate was calculated using the formula.

[0062]

[0063] In the formula: W s is the wear rate, with the unit of (mm 3 / N·m), V is the wear volume, with the unit of mm 3 , F is the force applied in the normal direction, with the unit of N, L is the sliding distance, with the unit of m.

[0064] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1. Friction coefficient and wear rate of the coatings in the examples and comparative examples when paired with 45# steel under dry friction conditions

[0066] As can be seen from the above test results, the friction coefficient and wear rate of Comparative Example 2 are lower than those of Comparative Example 1, indicating that Fe3O4@BF improves the interfacial bonding between basalt fiber and matrix through the pinning effect, which is beneficial to improving tribological properties. From the results of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the friction coefficient of the coating with the fiber arrangement direction perpendicular to the sliding direction is lower than that of the coating with randomly arranged fibers, and the wear rate is one order of magnitude lower.

[0067] Comparing Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that arranging the fiber direction parallel to the sliding direction in the coating cannot effectively promote and improve the generation and retention of the friction transfer film at the friction interface, and there is no significant difference between arranging the fiber direction parallel to the sliding direction and randomly arranging the fibers.

[0068] As can be seen from the examples and comparative examples, aligning the fibers perpendicular to the friction direction by magnetic field orientation is beneficial to the generation and retention of the friction transfer film in front of the sliding direction of the basalt fibers in the coating, thereby improving the friction and wear performance of the friction pair. As can be seen from the examples, the combination of different wear-resistant agents and lubricants also affects the coating performance. Comparing the tribological properties of Example 1, 4 and Example 2, 3, it can be seen that the amount of Fe3O4@BF has a certain positive effect on the tribological properties of the coating. Magnetic-field-responsive regulation can induce the perpendicular arrangement of basalt fibers to the sliding direction, enabling the functional synergy between rigid basalt fibers and wear-resistant agents / lubricants, optimizing the structure of the friction interface, thus significantly reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate, further improving the tribological properties of the coating, effectively reducing the friction and wear between mechanical moving pairs, extending the service life, and improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0069] The present invention uses magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a size smaller than the critical superparamagnetic size to modify basalt fibers, which not only provides a pinning effect for the fibers, significantly improving the interfacial bonding between the fibers and the matrix, but also precisely regulates the orientation of the fibers in the coating by applying an external magnetic field to make them perpendicular to the friction sliding direction, which is beneficial to the generation and dynamic stability of the friction transfer film at the friction interface during the friction process, optimizing the contact behavior and wear mechanism of the friction pair, thereby reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate. By optimizing the combination of wear-resistant agents and lubricants, the functional synergy between rigid basalt fibers and lubricating components is achieved, further improving the comprehensive tribological properties of the coating, effectively extending the service life of mechanical moving pairs, and improving the reliability and stability of equipment operation. It solves the problems in the prior art such as weak interfacial bonding between basalt fibers and polymer matrix, poor coating compactness, and difficulty in maintaining the dynamic balance of the friction transfer film.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: treating short basalt fibers with an acid and / or alkaline solution, mixing the mixture with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain magnetic basalt fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the short basalt fibers to the iron salt is 1:0.5-2; Step 2: Add filler to the resin matrix solution, disperse it, and grind it to obtain a resin slurry; wherein the filler accounts for 7 to 35 wt.% of the resin matrix mass; Step 3: Add the magnetic basalt fiber in step 1 to the resin slurry in step 2, add a curing agent and mix evenly to obtain the desired coating; wherein the magnetic basalt fiber accounts for 1 to 10 wt.% of the mass of the resin slurry.

2. The method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction solution in step 1 further includes a reducing agent and a surfactant, wherein the mass ratio of the iron salt, the reducing agent, and the surfactant is 0.5-2: 0.1-0.5: 0.05-0.2; the conditions for the hydrothermal reaction are as follows: reaction temperature 160-200° C., reaction time 6-24 h.

3. The method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin matrix solution in step 2 further includes a reactive diluent, and the mass ratio of the resin matrix to the reactive diluent is 100:5-15.

4. The method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the resin matrix is one or two or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, UV curing resin, and silicone resin mixed in any proportion; the filler includes a wear-resistant agent and a lubricant, and the wear-resistant agent is one or two or more of SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 with a particle size range of 200nm-5μm mixed in any proportion; the lubricant is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS2, BN, and graphite mixed in any proportion.

5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The iron salt is obtained by mixing one or two or more of FeCl3, FeSO4, and Fe(NO3)3 in any proportion; the reducing agent is obtained by mixing one or two or more of ascorbic acid, urea, and hydrazine hydrate in any proportion; and the surfactant is obtained by mixing one or two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in any proportion.

6. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers using the coating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coating is applied to the surface of the substrate, a magnetic field of 0.5 to 2 T is applied, and the desired coating is obtained after curing.

8. The method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The curing is heat curing or UV curing.

9. The method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heating curing temperature is 80-150°C, the heating time is 1-4 hours, and the energy density of UV curing is 500-1500 mJ / cm².

10. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers obtained by the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The orientation of the magnetic basalt fibers in the coating is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction of the coating.

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